Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
  • B02C2/02—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved
  • B02C2/04—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
  • B02C23/04—Safety devices

Definitions

• the present disclosure generally relates to gyratory rock crushing equipment.
• the present disclosure relates to large cone crushers that include a two-piece mainframe split into upper and lower mainframe sections.
• Rock crashing systems such as those referred to as cone crushers, generally break apart rock, stones or other material in a crushing gap between a stationary element and a moving element.
• a conical rock crusher is comprised of a head assembly including a crashing head that gyrates about a vertical axis within a stationary bowl positioned within the mainframe of the rock crasher.
• the crashing head is assembled surrounding an eccentric that rotates about a fixed shaft to impart the gyrational motion of the crashing head which crashes rock, stone or other material in a crashing gap between the crashing head and the bowl.
• the eccentric can be driven by a variety of po was drives, such as an atta ched gear, driven by a pinion and countershaft assembly, and a number of mechanical power sources, such as eiectiical motors or combustion engines.
• the conical crushing head rotates within a mainframe. Since large cone crashers are extremely big and heavy, the mainframe can be split into two pieces, most commonly referred to as an upper and a lower mainframe. The mainframe is split into two sections due to manufacturing and transportation limitations.
• the present disclosure relates to a mamframe for a gyratory crusher.
• the mainframe constructed .hi accordance with the present disclosure is split into two pieces that are joined to each other.
• the mainframe in accordance with the present disclosure includes a lower mainframe and an upper mainframe that are connected to each other.
• the upper and lower mainframes are connected to each other by a series of fasteners.
• the lower mainframe includes an upper flange that extends radially outward from the generally cylindrical main body of the lower mainframe.
• the upper mainframe is connected to and supports an adjustment ring.
• the adjustment ring in turn, includes a threaded inner surface that receives and supports the bowl of the cmslrmg equipment.
• the adjustment ring includes an attachment flange that extends radially outward from the main body of the adjustment ring.
• the attachment flange formed on the adjustment ring provides a point of attachment for the adjustment ring to the upper mainframe.
• the gyra tory crasher of the present disclosure includes a plurality of tramp release cylinders that each extend between the upper flange of the lower mainframe and the attachment flange of the adjustment ring.
• Each of the tramp release cylinders can be actuated to create a compressive force that pulls the adjustment ring toward the lower mainframe.
• the compressive force created by the plurality of tramp release cylinders compresses the upper mainframe between the lower mainframe and the adjustment ring.
• the compressive force created by the tramp release cylinders reduces the iensile forces seen by the fasteners used to join the upper and lower mainframes and reduces fatigue failure on these fasteners.
• the upper flange formed on the lower mainframe includes a series of clevises spaced around the upper flange.
• Each of the clevises provides a point of attachment for a first end of the tramp release cylinders.
• the clevises can be either cast with the remaining portions of the lower mainframe or can be attached as a separate component to the upper flange utilizing either mechanical fasteners or welding.
• the second end of each tramp release cylinder is received in an opening formed along the attachment flange of the adjustment ring.
• a piston rod extending from the second end of the tramp release cylinder includes a spherical bearing that is seated within a cup mounted to or formed as a portion of the adjustment ting.
• the upper mainframe is compressed between the lower mainirame and the adjustment ring by the series of tramp release cylinders, in addition, the upper mainframe includes a series of spaced attachment projections that each extend radially from the main body of the upper mainframe.
• the attachment projections formed on the upper mainframe are sp aced from each other and each receive a pin that passes through the attachment flange of the adjustment ring and the attachment projections formed on the upper mainframe.
• the series of pins prevent rotation of the adjustment ring relative to the mainframe.
• the series of tramp release cylinders extend through the space between adjacent attachment projections such that each of the tramp release cylinders do not directly engage the upper mainframe.
• the lower mainframe including the upper flange also functions as a mounting location for mounting the entire crusher assembly to a founda tion.
• the use of the extending upper flange on the lower mainframe allows the point of mounting between the foundation and the crusher assembly to be moved closer to the center of gravity of the crasher assembly. The movement of the mounting location toward the center of gr avity reduces the overturning moment seen by the foundation.
• Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a cone crusher incorporating the two-piece mainframe and tramp release cylinders of the present disclosure
• Fig. 2 is a section view of the cone crusher taken along line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
• FIG. 3 is a magnified view illustrating the interaction between one of the tramp release cylinders and both the adjustment ring and the lower mainframe:
• Fig. 4 is a magnified view illustrating the attachment of the first end of the tramp release cylinder to the lower mainframe;
• Fig. 5 is a partial section view illustrating the attachment of the second end of the tramp release cylinder to the adjustment ling;
• Fig. 6 is an isometric view of the pper mainframe
• Fig. 7 is an isometric view of the lower mainframe
• Fig. 8 is an isometric view of the adjustment ring
• Fig. 9 is a partial section view illustrating one method of creating a clevis on the lower mainframe
• Fig. 10 is a first alternate embodiment illustrating the attachment of a clevis to the lower mainframe
• Fig- a second embodiment for the possible attachment of the tramp release cylinder to the lower mainframe
• Fig. 12 is an alternate embodiment illustrating the attachment between a clevis and the lower mainframe:
• Fig. 13 is a first embodiment of the possible attachment between the lower mainframe and a foundation
• Fig. 14 is a second embodiment of a possible attachment between the lower mainframe and a foundation:
• Fig. 15 is a further embodiment of a possible attachment of the lower mainframe to a foundation.
• Fig. 1 illustrates a gyrational crusher, such as a cone crasher 10, that is operable to crash material, such as rock, stone, ore, mineral or other substances.
• the cone crasher 10 shown hi Fig. 1 is of sufficiently large size such that the mainframe 12 is split into two separate pieces based upon both manufacturing and tianspoitation limitations.
• the mainframe 12 includes a lower mainframe 14 and an upper mainframe 16 that are joined to each other by a series of fasteners 18.
• the upper mainframe 16 receives and supports an adjustment ring 20.
• a series of pins 22 are used to align the adjustment ring 20 relative to the upper mainframe 16 and prevent rotation there between.
• the adjustment ring 20 receives and partially supports a bowl 24 which in turn supports a bowl liner 26.
• the bowl liner 26 combines with a mantle 28 to define a crushing gap 30.
• Mantle 28 is mounted to a head assembly 32 mat is supported on a main shaft 34.
• the main shaft 34 is connected to a mainframe hub 33 that is connected to the outer barrel (cylinder) of the mainframe by multiple arms 35.
• An" eccentric 36 rotates about the stationary 7 main shaft 34, thereby causing the head assembly 32 to gyrate within the cone crusher 10. Gyration of the head assembly 32 within the stationary bowl 24 supported by the adjustment ring 20 allows rock, stone, ore, minerals or other materials to be crushed between the mantle 28 and the bowl liner 26.
• a drive shaft rotates the eccentric 36. Since the outer diameter of the eccentric 36 is offset from the inner diameter, the rotation of the eccentric 36 creates the gyrational movement of the head assembly within the stationary bowl 24. The gyrational movement of the head assembly 32 changes the size of the crushing gap 30 which allows the material to be crashed to enter into the crushing gap. Further rotation of the eccentric 36 creates the crushing force within the crushing gap 30 to reduce the size of particles being crashed by the cone crasher 10.
• the cone crusher 10 may be one of many different types of cone crushers available from various manufacturers, such as Metso Minerals of Waukesha, Wisconsin.
• An example of the cone crasher 10 shown hi Fig. 1 can be an MP® Series rock crusher, such as the MP 2500 available from Metso Minerals.
• Each of the tramp release cylinders 38 receives supply of hydraulic fluid which causes the tramp release cylinder to compress the upper mainframe 16 between the adjustment ring 20 and the lower mainframe 14.
• each of the tramp release cylinders 38 is a double acting hydraulic cylinder that includes a main body 44 that surrounds a movable piston 46. Piston 46 is connected to a piston rod 48. A fu st end 50 of each tram release cylinder 38 includes an attachment bracket 52 that receives a connector pin 54. The connector pin.54 extends through a clevis 56 formed as part of the upper flange 42 formed on the lower mainframe 14.
• Second end 8 of the tramp release cylinder 38 is coupled to the attachment flange 40 formed as part of the adjustment ring 20.
• the rod 48 extends through an opening 60 formed in the attachment flange 40.
• the outermost end 62 of the rod includes a spherical nut 64.
• the spherical nut 64 includes a contact surface 66 that is received within a stationary cup 68 that is aligned with the opening 60. The interaction between the spherical nut 64 and the cup 68 allows for a small amount of movement of the rod 48 within the opening 60.
• Tlie hydraulic system allows the oil to flow away from the clamping side of the cylinder when actuated acting to limit hydraulic pressure, allowing the cylinder to have a force limit.
• a series of individual clevises 56 are integrally cast as a portion of the upper attachment flange 42.
• the connecto pin 54 passes through conventional attachment bracket 52 that is mounted to the first end of the tramp release cylinder 38. This design allows for the use of a conventional double acting hydraulic cylinder which can be easily connected to the individual clevises 56 through the connector pin 54.
• Fig. 5 illustrates the position of the spherical nut 64 along the rod 48. As illustrated hi Fig. 5, the spherical nut 64 is seated within the cup 68 which rests within a recess formed hi the outer surface 73 of the attachment flange 40. The recess is defined by a recessed surface 94. The interaction between the spherical nut 64 and the cup 68 allows for slight movement between the two components dining the compressive action of the tramp release cylinder 38.
• Fig. 6 illustrates the upper mainframe 16 constructed in accordance with the present disclosure.
• the uppe mainframe 16 includes a lower attachment lip 76 that extends radially from a cylindrical main body 77.
• the attachment lip 76 includes a series of holes 78 that receive the fasteners 18 used to secure the uppe mainframe 16 to the lower mainframe 14, as illustrated hi Fig. 3.
• the upper end of the upper mainframe 16 includes a series of spaced attacliment projections 80 that each include an opening 82.
• the opening 82 receives one of the pins 22 shown in Fig. 1 to constrain in rotation the upper mainframe 1 to the adjustment ring 20. As illustrated in Fig.
• each of the attachment projections 80 is spaced from the adjacent attachment projection 80 by a recessed area 84.
• the recessed area 84 allows the series of tramp release cylinders 38 to extend between the lower mainframe 14 and the adjustment ring 20, as illustrated in Fig. 1. In this manner, each of the tramp release cylinders 38 does not directly engage the upper mainframe 16 and instead is used to couple the lower mainframe i 4 to the adjustment ring 20.
• the lower mainframe 14 includes the series of clevises 56 spaced along the upper flange 42.
• the upper fla ge 42 extends radially from, the cylindrical main body 83 and is spaced vertically above the lower lip 85.
• the position of the individual clevises 56 on the upper flange 42 reduce the overall required length of the tramp release cylinders 38, as compared to an embodiment in which the flange were formed as pari of the lower lip 85.
• the lower mainframe 14 includes a flat contact surface
• Spaced holes 88 have the same spacing as the holes 78 formed on the attachment lip 76 of the upper mainframe 16 such that the fasteners 8 can pass through the aligned holes 78, 88, as shown in Fig. 3.
• a locking nut 90 holds the fastener 18 in place as illustrated.
• Fig. 8 illustrates the adjustment ring 20 of the present disclosure.
• Tlie adjustment ring 20 includes a threaded inner surface 92 that interacts with the bowl 24 such that the position of the bowl can be adjusted.
• Tlie adjustment ring 20 includes the series of openings 6 ⁇ formed in the attachment flange 40. Each of the opening 60 extend through the attachment flange 40.
• the openings 60 that support the second end of one of the tramp release cylinders 38 include a counterbore on top.
• the openings 60 that receive one of the pins 22 have a longer counterbore from the bottom to interface with the pin 22.
• the pins 22 are used to circuniierentially constrain the adjustment ring 20 to the upper mainframe, as illustrated in Fig. 1.
• Each of the openings 60 designed to receive the first end of one of the tramp release cylinders 38 includes a recessed surface 94 that serves as the support for the cup 68, as illustrated in Fig. 3.
• the upper flange 42 of the lower mamfi ame 14 includes a series of clevises 56 that ar e spaced around the upper flange 42 and protrude vertically from an upper surface 96 of the upper flange 42.
• each of the clevises 56 is cast as part of the entire lower mainframe and thus is an integral component with the material that forms the upper flange 42.
• Fig. 9 illustrates the integral formation of the clevis 56 with. ike upper flange 42.
• the clevis 56 includes attachment opening 98 thai receives the pivot pin used to connect the tramp release cylinder to the upper flange 42.
• the clevis 56 is spaced radially outward irom the holes 88 extending through the contact surface 86 formed on the lower mainframe ; 14.
• Fig. 10 illustrates an alternate ' embodiment of clevis 56.
• the clevis 56 is formed as a separate structure that is attached to the tipper surface 96 of the upper flange 42.
• the clevis 56 is attached by a pair of fasteners ⁇ 00.
• the clevis 56 could be attached using other methods, such as welding.
• each of the fasteners 100 passes through an attachment hole 102 formed in a lower support flange 104.
• a threaded portion 106 of the fastener is received in the attachment flang 42 to securely hold the clevis 56 i the position shown in Fig. 10.
• the lower mainframe 14 can be formed without the clevises 56 and the clevises 56 can be attached in a subsequent attachment process,
• the clevis has been shown and described as being the point of attachment to the upper flange 42 of the lower mainframe 14, it is contemplated that the clevis could be eliminated from the lower mainframe 14 and a portion of the tramp release cylinder could be connected directly to the attachment flange 42, as illustrated in Fig. 11.
• the clevis is replaced by a series of cylinder attachment openings 108.
• the cylinder attachment openings 108 are spaced around the upper flange 42 at the same spacing as the spacing between the clevises.
• Each of the cylinder attachment openings 108 extends through the entire thickness of the upper attachment flange 42 from the upper surface 96 to lower surface ⁇ 10.
• FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment i which the tramp releas cylinder 38 shown in Fig. 3 is inverted, hi such an embodiment, the first end 50 of the tram release cylinder 38 will be connected to the attachment flange 40 of the adjustment ring 20 while the second end 58 of the tram release cylinder 38 is connected to the upper flange 42.
• the attachment flange 40 could include spaced clevises to provide a point of attachment for the tramp release cylinder 38.
• piston rod 48 extends through the cylinder attachment opening 108.
• the piston rod 48 includes a spherical nut 14 that is received within a cup 1 6.
• Fig. 12 illustrates yet another alternate embodiment for positioning a series of spaced clevises 56 along the lower mainframe 14.
• the upper flange is reduced and instead a bolt on ring 118 is utilized.
• the bolt on ring 118 includes a support flange 120 having an attachment opening 122.
• the .attachment opening 122 is aligned with the holes 88 formed in the lower mainframe 14.
• the holes 88 are primarily - utilized to attach the lower mainframe 14 to the upper mainframe 16. However, several of these holes 88 ca be utilized to attach the ring 118 to the lower mainframe 14.
• the ring 1 8 can be formed separately from the lower mainframe 14 and subsequently attached utilizing a series of fasteners, as described.
• the use of a sepai ate bolt on ring 118 is a modular design that reduces the size of the lower mainframe, which may reduce shipping size and costs for the lower mainframe and the separate ring 118.
• the upper flange 42 formed on the lower mainframe 14 also serves as the mounting location for supporting the lowe mainframe 14 on a foundation 124.
• a mounting pad 126 is formed as part of the mainframe and is located between the lower sur face 110 of the lower mainframe 14 and a top surface 128 of the foundation 124.
• An attachment bolt 130 extends from the upper surface 96 through the upper flange 42 and the mounting pad 126 and is received within the foundation 124. Since the upper flange 42 extends radially past the lower lip 85, the remaining portions of the lower mainframe 14 can extend below the top surface 128 of the foundation.
• Fig. 14 shows an alternate embodiment in which the mounting pad ⁇ 26 is formed between the lip 85 and the top surface 128 of the foundation 124.
• Fig. 15 illustrates an embodiment in which the mounting pad 126 is formed along the lower surface 110 of the upper flange 42 and is positioned above the top surface 128 of the foundation 124.
• An isolation spring element 134 is schematically illustrated in Fig. 15.
• the vibration isolation spring 134 is positioned between the foundation and the lower mainframe mounting pad 132 to reduce the transmitted forces from the cone crusher to the foundation, hi the embodiment shown in Fig. 15, the mounting location between the lower mainframe 14 and the foundation 124 is closer to the center of gravity for the cone crasher assembly as compai ed to the embodiment shown in Fig. 4.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
• Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

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• 2013
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• 2014
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• 2016
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