WO2015093894A1 - Matériau actif d'anode et batterie secondaire au lithium le comprenant - Google Patents

Matériau actif d'anode et batterie secondaire au lithium le comprenant Download PDF

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WO2015093894A1
WO2015093894A1 PCT/KR2014/012585 KR2014012585W WO2015093894A1 WO 2015093894 A1 WO2015093894 A1 WO 2015093894A1 KR 2014012585 W KR2014012585 W KR 2014012585W WO 2015093894 A1 WO2015093894 A1 WO 2015093894A1
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Prior art keywords
active material
negative electrode
graphite
artificial graphite
electrode active
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PCT/KR2014/012585
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
이수민
정동섭
김은경
우상욱
신선영
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주식회사 엘지화학
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Priority claimed from KR1020140183434A external-priority patent/KR101790400B1/ko
Application filed by 주식회사 엘지화학 filed Critical 주식회사 엘지화학
Priority to JP2016516844A priority Critical patent/JP6243012B2/ja
Priority to US14/767,655 priority patent/US10177380B2/en
Priority to EP14872940.3A priority patent/EP3086392B1/fr
Priority to CN201480053509.0A priority patent/CN105659417B/zh
Priority to PL14872940T priority patent/PL3086392T3/pl
Publication of WO2015093894A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015093894A1/fr
Priority to US16/197,964 priority patent/US10964946B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a negative electrode active material and a lithium secondary battery, and more particularly, to a negative electrode active material including natural graphite and mosaic cokes artificial graphite and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
  • Lithium secondary batteries are the batteries that can best meet these demands, and research on these is being actively conducted.
  • a carbon-based material As the negative electrode material of the lithium secondary battery, a carbon-based material is mainly used, and the carbon-based material includes crystalline carbon and amorphous carbon.
  • Crystalline carbon is typical of graphite carbon such as natural graphite and artificial graphite, and amorphous carbon is heat treated to non-graphitizable carbons (hard carbons) and pitch obtained by carbonizing a polymer resin.
  • Graphitizable carbons soft carbons).
  • soft carbons are made by applying 1000 levels of heat to coke, a by-product generated from crude oil refining process. Unlike conventional graphite anode active materials or hardened carbon-based anode active materials, soft carbons have high output and require time for charging. short.
  • Hard carbons may be prepared by carbonizing materials such as resin, thermosetting polymer, wood, and the like.
  • the cured carbon is used as a lithium secondary battery negative electrode material, the reversible capacity is superior to 400 mAh / g due to micropores, but the initial efficiency is about 70% or less, so it is irreversibly consumed when used as an electrode of a lithium secondary battery.
  • the disadvantage is that the amount of lithium is large.
  • spherical natural graphite has a limited ion conductivity, and when only the spherical natural graphite is used as a negative electrode active material, a void space is formed between the active material and the active material to increase the resistance of the electrode, thereby reducing the rate characteristic There is a problem.
  • the problem to be solved of the present invention is to provide a negative electrode active material that not only improves conductivity, but also reduces interfacial resistance and has excellent rate characteristics.
  • Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a negative electrode having a specific orientation index and electrode density, and thereby a lithium secondary battery with improved performance by including the negative electrode active material.
  • a negative electrode active material comprising natural graphite and mosaic cokes-based artificial graphite.
  • a negative electrode including the negative electrode active material is provided.
  • the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery including a cathode, a cathode, and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode using the anode.
  • the insertion / desorption of lithium ions more easily, and a conductive material is not used. Otherwise, even small amounts can increase the conductivity of the electrode.
  • the conductivity not only the rate characteristic of the lithium secondary battery may be further improved, but also the interface resistance may be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a negative electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure of graphite particles.
  • Figure 3 is a graph of the XRD measurement results of the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite used according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating measurement results of rate rate characteristics of lithium secondary batteries prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Example 5 is a graph illustrating a result of measuring resistance of an electrode with respect to a negative electrode in a lithium secondary battery prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the negative electrode active material according to the embodiment of the present invention may include natural graphite and mosaic cokes-based artificial graphite.
  • the negative electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention as shown in the schematic diagram shown in Figure 1, by containing natural graphite and mosaic coke-based artificial graphite is mixed together, compared to when using the natural graphite alone active material and active material By filling the empty space between the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite, the conductivity can be increased, thereby improving the rate characteristic of the secondary battery, the interface resistance can be reduced.
  • the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite is due to the random crystal structure of only the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite, it is easier to insert and detach the lithium ions can further improve the performance of the secondary battery.
  • the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite may serve as a conductive material by being included in the negative electrode active material together with the natural graphite, even if the conductive material is not used or the amount thereof is reduced, the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite is equivalent to or higher than the conventional negative electrode active material using the conductive material Can be represented.
  • the mosaic coke artificial graphite may be expressed due to the random crystal structure of the mosaic phase
  • lithium ion may be used as the needle coke artificial graphite having a plate or needle shape that can be generally used. It may be difficult to facilitate the insertion and desorption of, and thus it may be difficult to obtain the advantages of improving the rate characteristic or decreasing the interface resistance.
  • the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite included in the negative electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention is based on coal coke, for example, and when the polishing surface of the carbonized sample is observed with a polarization microscope, It may have an anisotropic texture shown as a mosaic texture.
  • the crystal structure of the anisotropic mosaic is random (random), when applied to a lithium secondary battery, insertion and desorption of lithium ions may be easier.
  • the average major axis length of the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite usable in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention may be, for example, 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, preferably 10 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
  • the initial efficiency of the battery may decrease due to an increase in specific surface area, thereby degrading battery performance, and when exceeding 30 ⁇ m, they may penetrate through the separator.
  • the capacity retention rate may be low.
  • the mosaic coke artificial graphite according to an embodiment of the present invention has a specific surface area of 3.0 / g to 4.0 / g, the compression density of 1.5 g / cc to 2.1 g / cc under a pressure of 8 mPa to 25 mPa It is preferable to have.
  • the compression density When the compression density is less than 1.5 g / cc, the energy density per unit volume may decrease, and when the compression density exceeds 2.1 g / cc, it may cause a decrease in initial efficiency and deterioration of high temperature characteristics, and may also decrease the adhesion of the electrode. have.
  • the mosaic coke artificial graphite has a Lc (002) of 21.6 nm to 21.9 nm, which is the size of the crystallite in the C-axis direction, and the surface spacing d 002 of the (002) plane is 0.3377 nm or less, preferably 0.3357. It is preferred that it is a crystalline phase of nm to 0.3377 nm, most preferably 0.3376 nm.
  • D 002 of the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite is obtained by obtaining a graph of two values measured using XRD, and the peak position of the graph can be obtained by the integration method, and it can be calculated by the following equation (1) by the Bragg formula.
  • crystallite size Lc of the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite can calculate the crystallite size Lc (002) in the C-axis direction of the particle by the equation of Scherrer of Equation 2 below.
  • the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite may have a crystallite size Lc (002) of 21.6 nm to 21.9 nm in the C-axis direction when measured by XRD using CuK.
  • Lc crystallite size
  • the electrical conductivity is excellent and the diffusion rate of lithium ions is faster, so that insertion and desorption of lithium ions may occur more easily.
  • Lc is greater than 21.9 nm, the movement distance of lithium ions may be increased to act as a resistance, thereby lowering output characteristics, and when less than 21.6 nm, it may be difficult to express a capacity inherent in graphite.
  • the negative electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention preferably comprises natural graphite together with the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite.
  • natural graphite exhibits high voltage flatness and high capacity close to the theoretical capacity at low cost, and thus has high utility as an active material.
  • the natural graphite may be used in the form of a plate or a sphere, spherical natural graphite may be preferred.
  • the content ratio of the natural graphite and mosaic coke artificial graphite is preferably 1: 0.1 to 1: 1 weight ratio, preferably 1: 0.3 to 1: 1 weight ratio. .
  • the weight of the mosaic coke artificial graphite exceeds the above range, the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite is covered with an excessive amount of natural graphite, there is a problem that the specific surface area is increased to increase the decomposition reaction of the electrolyte, If it is less than the range, the conductivity may be degraded because the void space between the natural graphite cannot be filled as a whole.
  • the natural graphite may use an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 5 to 30, preferably 20 to 25.
  • D 50 average particle diameter of the spherical natural graphite
  • the initial efficiency of the secondary battery may decrease due to an increase in specific surface area, thereby degrading battery performance, and when the average particle diameter (D 50 ) exceeds 30 They may penetrate the separator and cause a short circuit. Since the filling density is low, the capacity retention rate may be low.
  • the average particle diameter of natural graphite according to an embodiment of the present invention may be measured using, for example, a laser diffraction method.
  • the laser diffraction method can measure the particle diameter of several mm from the submicron region, and high reproducibility and high resolution can be obtained.
  • the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the natural graphite may be defined as the particle size based on 50% of the particle size distribution.
  • a method for measuring the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of natural graphite is, for example, after dispersing natural graphite in a solution of ethanol / water, a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring apparatus (eg Microtrac MT 3000), and irradiated with an ultrasonic wave of about 28 kHz at an output of 60 W, the average particle diameter D 50 at the 50% reference of the particle size distribution in the measuring device can be calculated.
  • a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring apparatus eg Microtrac MT 3000
  • the spherical natural graphite satisfying the average particle size range of the natural graphite is introduced into the spheronization apparatus (Nara Hybridization System, NHS-2), for example, the rotor speed (rotor speed) can be obtained by spheroidizing for about 30 m / s to 100 m / s, 10 minutes to 30 minutes, but is not limited thereto.
  • the spheronization apparatus Naara Hybridization System, NHS-2
  • the rotor speed rotor speed
  • the rotor speed can be obtained by spheroidizing for about 30 m / s to 100 m / s, 10 minutes to 30 minutes, but is not limited thereto.
  • the natural graphite has a specific surface area (BET-SSA) of 2 m 2 / g to 8 m 2 / g. If the specific surface area of the natural graphite is less than 2 m 2 / g, the adhesion between the electrodes may be lowered, and if it exceeds 8 m 2 / g is preferable because it leads to an increase of the initial irreversible capacity during charging and discharging not.
  • BET-SSA specific surface area
  • the specific surface area may be measured by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method.
  • BET Brunauer-Emmett-Teller
  • it can be measured by BET 6-point method by nitrogen gas adsorption distribution method using a porosimetry analyzer (Bell Japan Inc, Belsorp-II mini).
  • the manufacturing method of the negative electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention may include mixing natural graphite and mosaic coke-based artificial graphite.
  • the mixing method for producing the negative electrode active material may be mixed by simple mixing or mechanical milling using conventional methods known in the art. For example, it is possible to simply mix by using a mortar, or to rotate at a rotational speed of 100 to 1000rpm using a blade or ball mill to mechanically apply compressive stress to form a carbon composite.
  • a negative electrode including a current collector and the negative electrode active material formed on at least one surface of the current collector may be provided using the negative electrode active material.
  • the negative electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a natural graphite and mosaic coke artificial graphite in the negative electrode active material, so that the orientation index (I110 / I004) at a compression density of 1.40 g / cc to 1.85 g / cc is 0.08 to 0.086 , Preferably 0.0819 to 0.0836.
  • the orientation index of the negative electrode due to the use of the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite it is possible to further improve the performance of the lithium secondary battery.
  • the orientation index of the negative electrode due to the use of the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite it is possible to further improve the performance of the lithium secondary battery.
  • the index of orientation of the negative electrode may depend on the compressive force applied when the negative electrode active material is coated and rolled on the negative electrode current collector.
  • the orientation index may be measured by, for example, X-ray diffraction (XRD).
  • Orientation index of the negative electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention is the negative electrode, more specifically, the (110) and (004) plane of the negative electrode active material included in the negative electrode after the XRD of the (110) and (004) plane It is the area ratio (110) / (004) obtained by integrating peak intensity. More specifically, XRD measurement conditions are as follows.
  • Measuring zone and step angle / measuring time Measuring zone and step angle / measuring time:
  • (004) plane 53.5 degrees ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 56.0 degrees, 0.01 degrees / 3 seconds, where 2 ⁇ represents the diffraction angle.
  • the XRD measurement is one example, other measurement methods may also be used, and the orientation index of the negative electrode may be measured by the above method.
  • the negative electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention can be prepared by conventional methods known in the art.
  • a negative electrode may be manufactured by mixing and stirring a solvent in a negative electrode active material and, if necessary, a binder to prepare a slurry, and then applying the coating (coating) to a current collector of a metal material, compressing the same, and drying the same.
  • the negative electrode active material slurry may further include a conductive material.
  • Available conductive materials include natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, carbon nanotube, fullerene, carbon fiber, metal fiber, carbon fluoride, aluminum, nickel It may be any one selected from the group consisting of powder, zinc oxide, potassium titanate, titanium oxide and polyphenylene derivatives, or a mixture of two or more thereof, and preferably carbon black.
  • the positive electrode according to the present invention may be manufactured by a conventional method in the art similar to the negative electrode.
  • a binder and a solvent, and a conductive material and a dispersant may be mixed and stirred in the positive electrode active material of the present invention to prepare a slurry, and then coated on a current collector and compressed to prepare an electrode.
  • the binder used in the present invention is used to bind the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material particles to maintain the molded body, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), styrene-butadiene rubber (styrene binders such as butadiene rubber (SBR).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • SBR butadiene rubber
  • the binder is any one selected from the group consisting of a solvent-based binder represented by polyvinylidene (PVdF) (that is, a binder having an organic solvent as a solvent), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and acrylic rubber Or an aqueous binder (that is, a binder having water as a solvent) which is a mixture of two or more of them.
  • PVdF polyvinylidene
  • acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber
  • styrene-butadiene rubber styrene-butadiene rubber
  • acrylic rubber an aqueous binder
  • an aqueous binder that is, a binder having water as a solvent which is a mixture of two or more of them.
  • Aqueous binders unlike solvent binders, are economical, environmentally friendly, harmless to the health of workers, and have a greater binding effect
  • a lithium-containing transition metal oxide commonly used in the art may be preferably used.
  • the lithium-containing transition metal oxide may be coated with a metal or metal oxide such as aluminum (Al).
  • sulfides, selenides, and halides may be used in addition to the lithium-containing transition metal oxides.
  • a lithium secondary battery having a separator and an electrolyte interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode which is commonly used in the art, may be manufactured using the electrode.
  • the lithium salt that may be included as an electrolyte may be used, without limitation, those which are commonly used in a lithium secondary battery electrolyte, such as the lithium salt, the anion is F -, Cl -, Br - , I -, NO 3 -, N (CN) 2 -, BF 4 -, ClO 4 -, PF 6 -, (CF 3) 2 PF 4 -, (CF 3) 3 PF 3 -, (CF 3) 4 PF 2 -, (CF 3) 5 PF -, (CF 3) 6 P -, CF 3 SO 3 -, CF 3 CF 2 SO 3 -, (CF 3 SO 2) 2 N -, (FSO 2) 2 N -, CF 3 CF 2 (CF 3) 2 CO -, (CF 3 SO 2) 2 CH -, (SF 5) 3 C -, (CF 3 SO 2) 3 C -, CF 3 (CF 2) 7 SO 3 -, CF 3 CO
  • the organic solvent included in the electrolyte solution those conventionally used in the electrolyte solution for lithium secondary batteries may be used without limitation.
  • porous polymer films conventionally used as separators for example, polyolefins such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene / butene copolymer, ethylene / hexene copolymer and ethylene / methacrylate copolymer, etc.
  • the porous polymer film made of the polymer may be used alone or by laminating them, or a conventional porous nonwoven fabric, for example, a non-woven fabric made of high melting point glass fiber, polyethylene terephthalate fiber, or the like may be used. It is not.
  • the external shape of the lithium secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be cylindrical, square, pouch type, or coin type using a can.
  • Natural graphite particles having an average particle diameter of 100 ⁇ m were introduced into a spherical hybridization apparatus (Nara Hybridization System, NHS-2), spheroidized at a rotor speed of 65 m / sec for 10 minutes, and an average particle diameter (D 50 ) of 20 ⁇ m.
  • Mosaic coke artificial graphite having a long axis length of about 20 ⁇ m and a specific density of 1.7 g / cc to 1.8 g / cc under a pressure of 3 m 2 / g to 4 m 2 / g and 12 mPa to 16 mPa ( Hitachi Chemical, MAGE3) was used.
  • the spherical natural graphite and mosaic coke-based artificial graphite were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 0.3, and uniformly stirred using mortar to prepare a negative electrode active material.
  • a negative electrode active material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the spherical natural graphite and mosaic coke-based artificial graphite were mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
  • a negative electrode active material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 100% of spherical natural graphite was used without using a mosaic coke-based artificial graphite.
  • a negative electrode active material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the spherical natural graphite and mosaic coke-based artificial graphite were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 0.05.
  • a negative electrode active material was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the spherical natural graphite and mosaic coke artificial graphite were mixed in a weight ratio of 1.2.
  • the negative electrode active material obtained in Example 1, SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber) as a binder, CMC (carboxy methyl cellulose) as a thickener and acetylene black as a conductive material in a weight ratio of 95: 2: 2: 1, and these are solvent Mixing with water (H 2 O) produced a uniform negative electrode slurry.
  • the prepared negative electrode slurry was coated on one surface of a copper current collector to a thickness of 65 ⁇ m, dried and rolled, and then punched to a required size to prepare a negative electrode.
  • Ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) were mixed in a volume ratio of 30:70, and LiPF 6 was added to the nonaqueous electrolyte solvent to prepare a 1M LiPF 6 nonaqueous electrolyte.
  • a lithium metal foil was used as a counter electrode, that is, a positive electrode, a polyolefin separator was interposed between both electrodes, and the electrolyte was injected to prepare a coin-type half cell.
  • a negative electrode and a lithium secondary battery were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the negative electrode active material prepared in Example 2 was used.
  • a negative electrode and a lithium secondary battery were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the negative electrode active materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were used.
  • a negative electrode and a lithium secondary battery were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the negative electrode active material prepared in Example 2 was used and no conductive material was added during the preparation of the negative electrode.
  • Example 5 In the same manner as in Example 5, except that needle coke artificial graphite was mixed with natural graphite in a weight ratio of 1: 1, instead of mosaic coke artificial graphite, and a conductive material was not added in the preparation of the negative electrode. A negative electrode and a lithium secondary battery were prepared.
  • XRD diffraction measurements using Cu (K-rays) were performed on the cathodes prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Example 4.
  • the orientation index is obtained by measuring the (110) and (004) planes of the negative electrode active material included in the negative electrode by XRD and then integrating the peak intensities of the (110) plane and (004) plane ((110) / (004) ) More specifically, XRD measurement conditions are as follows.
  • Measuring zone and step angle / measuring time Measuring zone and step angle / measuring time:
  • (004) plane 53.5 degrees ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 56.0 degrees, 0.01 degrees / 3 seconds, where 2 ⁇ represents the diffraction angle.
  • crystallite size Lc of the mosaic coke-based artificial graphite can calculate the crystallite size Lc (002) in the C-axis direction of the particle by the equation of Scherrer of Equation 2 below.
  • the mosaic coke artificial graphite has Lc (002) of 21.6 nm to 21.9 nm, which is the size of crystallites in the C-axis direction at the time of XRD measurement, and the plane spacing d 002 of the (002) plane is 0.3376 nm.
  • the crystalline phase is shown.
  • Rate characteristics of the lithium secondary batteries obtained in Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6 in a voltage range of 0 V to 1.5 V at room temperature were measured.
  • the battery was charged under 0.1 C constant current / constant voltage (CC / CV) conditions up to 1.5 V, then discharged in constant current mode until the current reached 0.1 C at 5 mV, and then finished.
  • CC / CV constant current / constant voltage
  • Example 1 was mixed with natural graphite and mosaic coke-based artificial graphite. It can be seen that the lithium secondary battery of Example 3 using the negative electrode active material has improved rate characteristics about 5 to 10% compared to the lithium secondary battery of Comparative Example 4 using the negative electrode active material of Comparative Example 1, which does not use the mosaic coke system. have.
  • the lithium secondary batteries of Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 5 and 6 were used in a voltage range of 0 V to 1.5 V at room temperature.
  • the rate-rate characteristics of 0.2C, 0.5C, and 1C were compared, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
  • Negative electrode active material (weight ratio of natural graphite: mosaic coke-based artificial graphite) Rate characteristics 0.2C 0.5C 1C
  • Example 3 1: 0.3 100% 97.5% 81.2%
  • Example 4 1: 1 100% 98.6% 89.7%
  • Comparative Example 6 1: 0.05 100% 95.9% 76.7%
  • Comparative Example 7 1: 1.2 100% 94.8% 75.8%
  • the rate characteristic during charging and discharging of the lithium secondary batteries of Example 5 and Comparative Example 8 was evaluated. Charging measures the rate of charging to 0.005 V at 0.2C constant current / constant voltage (CC / CV), 0.2C constant current, 0.5C constant current and 1.0C constant current, respectively, and discharge ranges from 0.005 V to 1.5 V at room temperature. At 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C and 2C at the rate of discharge was measured, respectively, the results are shown in Table 2 below.
  • Example 5 using a negative electrode active material in which spherical natural graphite and mosaic coke artificial graphite were mixed in a range of 1: 1 by weight, the natural graphite: needle coke artificial graphite 1: It can be seen that the rate characteristic at the time of charging is about 5 to 10% superior to the comparative example 8 mixed in 1 weight ratio, and the rate characteristic at the time of discharge is about 10 to 15% excellent.
  • the electrode resistance after long-term charge and discharge of the lithium secondary battery of Example 3 using the negative electrode containing spherical natural graphite and mosaic coke artificial graphite and the lithium secondary battery of Comparative Example 4 using the negative electrode containing only spherical natural graphite for a long time was measured.
  • the results are shown in FIG. Measurement conditions are as follows.

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Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un matériau actif d'anode caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un graphite naturel et un graphite artificiel à base de cokes en mosaïque, et sur une batterie secondaire au lithium comprenant le matériau actif d'anode. Selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, l'utilisation d'un matériau actif d'anode comprenant un graphite naturel et un graphite artificiel à base de cokes en mosaïque facilite davantage une intercalation et une désintercalation d'un ion de lithium si elle est appliquée à une batterie secondaire au lithium, et peut augmenter la conductivité d'une électrode même lors de l'utilisation d'un matériau non conducteur ou de l'utilisation d'une petite quantité de matériau conducteur. Également, en raison de l'augmentation de la conductivité, les caractéristiques de limitation de taux de la batterie secondaire au lithium peuvent être augmentées et la résistance inter-faciale peut être réduite.
PCT/KR2014/012585 2013-12-20 2014-12-19 Matériau actif d'anode et batterie secondaire au lithium le comprenant WO2015093894A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016516844A JP6243012B2 (ja) 2013-12-20 2014-12-19 負極活物質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池
US14/767,655 US10177380B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2014-12-19 Anode active material and lithium secondary battery including the same
EP14872940.3A EP3086392B1 (fr) 2013-12-20 2014-12-19 Matériau actif d'anode et batterie secondaire au lithium le comprenant
CN201480053509.0A CN105659417B (zh) 2013-12-20 2014-12-19 负极活性材料和包含其的锂二次电池
PL14872940T PL3086392T3 (pl) 2013-12-20 2014-12-19 Materiał czynny anody oraz zawierający go akumulator litowy
US16/197,964 US10964946B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2018-11-21 Anode active material and lithium secondary battery including the same

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EP3396745A4 (fr) * 2016-09-29 2019-06-12 LG Chem, Ltd. Anode multicouche comprenant un graphite naturel et un graphite artificiel, et batterie secondaire au lithium la comprenant
CN110391395A (zh) * 2018-04-20 2019-10-29 三星Sdi株式会社 用于可再充电锂电池的负极和包括其的可再充电锂电池
EP4273960A3 (fr) * 2016-09-29 2024-02-28 Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. Électrode négative multicouche comprenant du graphite naturel et du graphite artificiel et batterie secondaire au lithium la comprenant

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CN110391395B (zh) * 2018-04-20 2022-10-21 三星Sdi株式会社 用于可再充电锂电池的负极和包括其的可再充电锂电池
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