WO2015090684A1

WO2015090684A1 - Ground-coupling arrangement for a vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2015090684A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/072626
Authority: WO
Inventors: Thomas Friedrich; Stephan Loosen; Maja Wolkenstein; Anton Paweletz; Steffen Derhardt; Gian Antonio D'addetta; Armin Schuelke
Original assignee: Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date: 2013-12-20
Filing date: 2014-10-22
Publication date: 2015-06-25
Also published as: DE102013226832A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a ground-coupling arrangement for a vehicle, comprising a ground-receiving element (14) for receiving a grounding object (16) comprising an element (24) which is connected to the ground-receiving element (14) and comprising at least one coupling means (20) which is suitable for coupling the ground-receiving element (14) to a vehicle structure that is partly rigidly connected to the vehicle (10) or at least partly decoupling the ground-receiving element from a vehicle structure such that a frictional or clamping force can be exerted onto the ground-receiving element (14) via the coupling means (20). By using the device, the grounding object (for example a battery or a battery pack) can be decoupled during a vehicle collision and during a deceleration of the entire vehicle such that the vehicle is not decelerated in a specified time period or is decelerated to a defined degree.

Description

description

title

Grounding arrangement for a vehicle

The present invention relates to a mass coupling arrangement for a vehicle. State of the art

From the prior art, it is generally known to drive vehicles alone by means of an electric motor (electric vehicle) or by means of a combination of an electric motor and a drive machine of another type (hybrid drive). In this case, the necessary for driving the electric motor electrical energy in an electric

Energy storage, such as a battery or an accumulator stored. The battery may be charged from time to time by means of an external source of electrical energy and may serve to store recovered braking energy (recuperation energy).

Known structural embodiments of electrically driven vehicles see a disproportionately large mass fraction of the battery compared to

Complete vehicle. To achieve a long range, the electrically driven vehicles are equipped with large batteries which can have a mass of several 100 kg (for example 100 to 400 kg). Thus forms the

Battery up to 30% of the total vehicle mass. Due to the high mass, the battery represents a potential hazard in the event of an accident. The attachment of the battery to the body of the motor vehicle therefore plays an important role. Known concepts for electrically driven vehicles see the battery as a uniform rigid block in the area of the underbody of the vehicle (ideally between the front and

Rear axle). As a result, the battery contributes to the lowering of the

Overall center of gravity of the vehicle at. In addition, the battery can be well protected by the surrounding support structure or contribute as a support structure itself to protect the passenger compartment. A higher total mass of the vehicle may also have positive or negative consequences on the occupants of the vehicle in a vehicle-vehicle collision or even in a collision with a rigid object, such as a barrier or a pole. In a vehicle-vehicle collision, from a theoretical standpoint, the occupants in the lighter vehicle are subjected to greater acceleration (impact impulse) than that of the heavier vehicle. Essential for the impact pulse is the active at a given time mass and their energetic share of the

Total momentum balance. In order to reduce the impact force due to a collision, a conventional automobile is constructed such that i.a. Limbs are deformable on the front, whereby the kinetic energy of an impact is absorbed, otherwise on the

Vehicle body would be exercised. Due to the higher weight that an electric or hybrid vehicle has due to the presence of the battery, the uptake of kinetic energy requires a corresponding increase in

Strength of the links and the like at the front, which in turn further increases the weight of the vehicle body.

To solve this problem, DE 25 22 844 A1 has proposed an electric vehicle which enables a battery carrier receiving a battery to be disconnected from a vehicle body when the vehicle encounters a collision. A disadvantage of this solution is that the battery carrier is dropped only by the electric vehicle on the road surface. In contrast, DE 25 22 844 A1 does not disclose how ultimately the kinetic energy of the battery carrier is further controlled.

In another type of electric vehicle proposed in DE 31 41 164, the battery carrier is movably disposed on the crushable rear body of the vehicle and secured thereto with a plurality of connecting means. The kinetic energy of the battery, which is caused by a collision of the vehicle, thereby becomes due to the creaking of the rear body

added. The disadvantage here is that the rear body of the electric vehicle is manufactured so that it assumes a relatively low strength, since it is used as a means for absorbing the kinetic energy of the battery. Accordingly, the above strength of the rear body differs from the strength of the rear body needed to absorb an impact force due to a collision on the rear body. As a result, this type of vehicle can be an electric vehicle, which has a very special rear body structure which is adapted to receive only an impact on the front body, since it is very difficult to make the recording of the kinetic energy of the battery with the inclusion of such impact force compatible. Accordingly, a structure of the rear body formed for impact with the rear body does not give control over the kinetic energy of the battery.

With respect to the disadvantages of the cited prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electric or hybrid vehicle which, in the event of a collision of the vehicle, allows control over the additional kinetic energy acting on a vehicle body that corresponds to an increase in weight associated with a battery disposed in the vehicle.

Disclosure of the invention

This object is achieved by means of the combination of the features contained in claim 1. According to the invention, this is a grounding arrangement

provided with a mass receiving element for receiving a ground object, wherein an element exists which is connected to the ground receiving element and is provided with at least one coupling means and which is adapted to couple the ground receiving element with a vehicle structure partially fixed to the vehicle or at least partially of one

Decoupling vehicle structure, wherein a friction or clamping force can be exerted on the mass receiving element via the coupling means. Advantageously, the grounding arrangement allows via an electronic drive, e.g. in the

Subfloor or tunnel of a vehicle located battery packs can be variably and infinitely switchable between rigid or yielding to the vehicle structure can be connected. By means of this device, during the vehicle collision and during the deceleration of the entire vehicle, the battery part can be decoupled to the extent that it is not delayed or to a defined extent in a predetermined period of time. This reduces the mass delayed during this period. About these

Grounding arrangement, the delay acting on the entire vehicle is influenced so that the load and thus the risk of injury to the occupants to a vehicle without such a system are significantly reduced. The measures mentioned in the dependent claims advantageous developments of the device specified in the independent claim are possible.

Advantageously, the at least one coupling means comprises an actuator, via which the friction and clamping force is adjustable, which can be exerted on the mass receiving element. By actuators, the necessary in the event of a crash fast circuit can be set between coupled and at least partially or completely decoupled. The mass object can be variably supported or released on the vehicle body.

These actuators may advantageously be electromechanical, pyrotechnic, hydraulic or pneumatic actuators or solenoid actuators, via the rapid actuation is possible. Furthermore, the at least one coupling means is adapted to the

Set ground receiving element on the vehicle structure of the vehicle and completely or at least partially decoupled by the at least one actuator in the event of an impact or an impending impact of the vehicle structure.

Advantageously, this completely or at least partial decoupling allows one

Influence on the crash pulse and thus a modification of the on

Vehicle occupant acting load.

The at least one coupling means advantageously comprises linear motors,

Piezo drives, hydraulic actuators, electroactive polymers or magnetorheological polymers to allow sufficiently fast actuation.

Furthermore, the grounding coupling arrangement comprises an element which is designed as a rail, rod or rope. The element is connected to the ground object, which may be a battery. Longitudinal forces (acceleration, braking, crash, etc.) can be transmitted via the element (rail, rod or rope) to the mass object and be supported or released by means of a variable clamp connection on the vehicle body.

The grounding coupling arrangement comprises a guide arrangement, which is advantageously designed as a rail. On this rail or in a frame, the mass object is, for example, guided friction-smoothly displaceable to the vehicle longitudinal axis. Occurring side forces, as they occur during cornering, for example, are absorbed by this frame or by the rail or the rail system.

The coupling means of the grounding coupling arrangement advantageously comprises at least one holding means which is designed as a clamping connection, spline connection or conical connection. As a result, high clamping forces can be generated with small actuator or actuating forces. The clamp connection is based i.a. advantageous on the principle of the toggle lever, which also the necessary high clamping forces can be generated. The basis of the clamping connection is a brake and / or clamping device for braking and / or clamping a shaft relative to a rod

The holding means advantageously comprises hydraulic cylinders which are connected to an ABS and / or ESP. Thus, a controlled (modulated) friction force can be activated hydraulically.

The holding means is advantageously based on the principle of Spieth sleeve, which is used as a passive element and from a defined friction force the

Mass object releases. Advantageously, the mass coupling arrangement is associated with a sensor arrangement which is designed to detect and evaluate sensor data and to forward the results of the evaluation to a control unit which controls the actuator. For the detection of the sensor data, acceleration sensors and / or sensors become advantageous

Pressure sensors used.

Advantageously, forward-looking sensors, in particular laser-based sensors, radar and / or video sensors, are used to acquire the sensor data. To detect the sensor data, the grounding coupling arrangement advantageously has a receiver unit which is designed to receive signals from the communication of the vehicle with communication partners in an environment of the vehicle

receive.

The mass receiving element of the grounding coupling arrangement is advantageously movably mounted by means of the guide arrangement in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle and can thus be displaced in the direction of travel when the vehicle impacts. Further features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief description of the drawings

Show it:

1 shows a schematic illustration of a cross section through a vehicle with a grounding arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention;

2 shows a schematic representation of a grounding arrangement according to the embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a vehicle 10 with a grounding coupling arrangement 12 and a ground receiving element 14. The ground receiving element 14 is suitable

To pick up mass object 16. The ground object 16 is, for example, a battery. The grounding arrangement is a mechanical device that allows it via electronic control, e.g. the battery pack located in the underbody or tunnel of a vehicle can be variably and steplessly switched between rigid and yielding to the vehicle structure. The

Mass receiving element 14 is connected to at least one coupling means 20, being used as a coupling means 20 linear motors, piezo drives, hydraulic actuator, electroactive polymers or magnetorheological polymers. The coupling means 20 comprises at least one actuator 22 via which a frictional or clamping force is adjustable, which can be exerted on the mass-receiving element 14. The coupling means 20 is designed such that it attaches the ground receiving element 14 to the vehicle structure of the vehicle 10, and completely or at least partially decoupled from the vehicle structure by the at least one actuator 22 in the event of an impact or an impending impact.

Furthermore, the grounding coupling arrangement 12 comprises an element 24, which is designed as a rail, rod or rope. The rail, rod or rope are connected to the mass of the battery pack. Longitudinal forces (acceleration, braking, crash, etc.) can be transmitted via stops or the rail, rod or rope and by means of a variable clamping connection (so-called friction brake or friction lock) on the vehicle be supported or released. In addition to this includes

Grounding arrangement, a guide assembly 18 which is formed as a rail system. The battery pack is displaceable to the vehicle longitudinal axis, e.g.

low friction in the mass receiving element 14, e.g. in the form of a frame, guided and moves on the rail system 18. Occurring side forces (cornering, etc.) are absorbed by the frame or the rail system. The

Coupling means 20 further comprises at least one holding means 23, 23 a, 23 b, which is designed as a clamping connection, spline connection or conical connection. These are suitable for generating high clamping forces with small actuator or actuating forces.

For example, slotted clamping sleeves are used here. There are too

Clamping 23, 23a, 23b possible based on the principle of the toggle lever to achieve high clamping forces. The necessary in the event of a crash rapid actuation can be done for example by an electromechanical magnetic actuator. The base of the clamping connection 23, 23a, 23b is a braking and / or clamping device for braking and / or clamping a shaft with respect to a rod 24 or the like (rail, rope), the device comprising actuatable Reibhememme. This shows that

Reibgehemme a stored, can be pressed against the shaft friction, which bears partially with a friction zone over, for example, surface or line contact on the shaft. With this principle, different switchable force levels can be realized.

The clamping forces can also be set variably with a direct braking device, which also acts on a boom of the battery 16 or directly on the battery pack 16. The control and generation of the brake pressure takes place

For example, in an existing ABS / ESP system. The controlled (modulated) friction force is hydraulically activated by, for example, employing one or more valves, which, for example, are taken from the valve plate of an ABS / ESP system.

Furthermore, holding means 23, 23a, 23b can be used as passive elements are used and based on the principle of Spieth sleeve. Already during assembly of the battery pack in the vehicle, the pack housing or a with the housing

connected part with a (substantially directed transversely to the direction of travel) force are applied, which results in the frictional value between the adjacent surfaces in a frictional force, which holds the battery during normal driving and releases in the event of a crash from a predetermined force limit. About the coefficient of friction (eg by friction-increasing layers) and the tension, the holding force preset / specified. Thus, a variability / modularity of the force levels is adjustable.

As a further variant, a flip-flop can be used. The longitudinal forces acting on the battery 16 are measured during normal driving, e.g. received by a bearing pin on which an unstable element sits, but which is e.g. through a

electromagnetic actuator is held in a stable position. In the event of a crash, the actuator can be switched off and thus the battery 16 can be released. Alternatively, the unstable element may be e.g. be held in a quasi-stable position by means of springs or a combination of elastomers, in order to stop it in the event of a crash

To put electromagnetic actuator from this position in an unstable state and to release the battery mass.

FIG. 2 shows the grounding arrangement 12 according to the explanations relating to FIG. 1 given in the previous section. The grounding arrangement 12 is installed in the vehicle 10 and has a ground receiving element 14 which is designed to receive a

Masseobjektes 16 is suitable, which is preferably a battery or a battery pack. The grounding assembly 12 is connected to an element 24, which in turn is connected to the ground receiving element 14. The element 24 is designed as a rail, rod or rope. Furthermore, the grounding coupling assembly 12 includes a guide assembly 18, e.g. is designed as a rail system. Coupling means 20 are provided, the holding means 23, 23 a, 23 b have, these as

Clamp, wedge or tapered joints are executed or based on the principle of the toggle lever. By means of this device can during a

Vehicle collision and decoupled during the delay of the entire vehicle, the battery part in that it is not delayed or in a defined amount in a given period.

Claims

claims

1 . A mass coupling arrangement (12) for a vehicle (10) having a

A mass receiving member (14) for receiving a mass object (16), comprising a member (24) connected to the mass receiving member (14) and having at least one coupling means (20) adapted thereto

Mass receiving element (14) with a partially fixed to the vehicle (10) firmly connected vehicle structure or at least partially decouple from a vehicle structure, characterized in that on the

Coupling means (20) a frictional or clamping force on the mass receiving element (14) can be exercised.

2. A mass coupling arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one coupling means (20) comprises at least one actuator (22), via which the friction or clamping force is adjustable.

3. Grounding arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the actuator (22) is an electromechanical, pyrotechnic, hydraulic or pneumatic actuator or a Magnetaktuator.

4. A mass coupling arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one coupling means (20) is adapted to fix the ground receiving element (14) on the vehicle structure of the vehicle (10) and by the at least one actuator (22) in the case of Impact or impending impact of the vehicle structure completely or at least partially decouple.

5. Grounding arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one coupling means (20) linear motors, piezo drives, hydraulic actuators, electroactive polymers or

comprises magnetorheological polymers.

6. grounding arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the element (24) is designed as a rail, rod or rope.

7. Grounding arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grounding coupling arrangement comprises a guide arrangement (18) which is designed as a rail system.

8. A mass coupling arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling means (20) at least one holding means (23, 23 a, 23 b) comprises, as the clamping connection, spline connection or

Conical connection is executed.

9. grounding arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that the clamping connection (23, 23 a, 23 b) based on the principle of the toggle lever.

10. A mass coupling arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one holding means (23, 23 a, 23 b) comprises hydraulic cylinders which are connected to an ABS and / or ESP system.

1 1. Ground coupling arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding means (23, 23a, 23b) are based on the principle of Spieth sleeve.

12. Grounding arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the mass coupling arrangement is associated with a sensor arrangement (26) which is adapted to detect sensor data, evaluate and forward results of the evaluation to a control unit (25) which controls the actuator (22).

13. Grounding arrangement according to claim 1 1, wherein the sensor arrangement (26) for detecting the sensor data comprises an acceleration sensor and / or a pressure sensor.

14. A mass coupling arrangement according to claim 12 to 13, wherein the sensor arrangement (26) for detecting the sensor data comprises prospective sensors, in particular laser-based sensors, radar and / or video sensors.

15. A mass coupling arrangement according to one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the

Sensor arrangement (26) for detecting the sensor data, a receiver unit (28) which is adapted to receive signals from a communication of the Vehicle (10) with communication partners in an environment of the vehicle (10) to receive.

16. A mass coupling arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the mass-receiving element (14) by means of the guide arrangement (18) is movably mounted in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle (10).

The grounding device of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the grounding object (16) is a battery configured to provide electrical energy for driving the vehicle (10).