Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
  • G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
  • G01B3/18—Micrometers
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
  • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
  • G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
  • G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
  • G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
  • G01B5/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters

Definitions

• This invention relates to a micrometer in the field of mechanical manufacturing measurement, and more particularly to a bidirectional detecting micrometer having both the function of detecting the inner diameter and the outer diameter.
• the measurement tools and measurement methods used for different types of workpieces are also different.
• the conventional measurement of the inner diameter and the outer diameter has a vernier caliper.
• Micrometers, inner diameter dial gauges, etc. and it is very troublesome to check the inner bore with the inner diameter dial gauge and then check the outer diameter micrometer.
• groove vernier calipers, thread micrometers, gear common normal micrometers, wall thickness micrometers, and various digital micrometers appear according to the shape of the workpiece. All micrometer gauges can only meet the inspection inner diameter size or outside when testing the workpiece size.
• the detection function of the diameter dimension in one direction cannot simultaneously detect the size of both the inner diameter and the outer diameter.
• the ordinary vernier caliper has the function of simultaneously measuring both the inner diameter and the outer diameter, especially the double-sided vernier caliper, the measurement accuracy of these common measuring tools is not ideal, and the error caused by the actual measurement results is large, especially as the detection link of product quality.
• the requirements for precision measuring tools are particularly important.
• the limit micrometer of the combination of two rods arranged side by side is generally used. It is only the inspection of the outer circle size of the shaft parts. The inner hole size cannot be measured or tested.
• the detection of the inner diameter of the workpiece is performed by means of a dedicated inner diameter micrometer or inner diameter dial gauge or inner diameter plug gauge.
• a dedicated inner diameter micrometer or inner diameter dial gauge or inner diameter plug gauge There is currently no micrometer on the market that has the function of detecting the inner diameter and the outer diameter.
• the inventor applied for the "inner diameter detecting micrometer" of the application number 2011103228533 in cooperation with the Weifang Institute of Technology in 2011. 11.12 although the limit size of the inner diameter of the workpiece is detected by two parallel micrometers, but in use There are limitations on the size of the workpiece, and the structural coordination of the transmission parts is not precise enough. The resulting transmission error and measurement function range are not ideal, especially the detection of the outer diameter size is impossible.
• the present invention provides a new two-way detection micrometer which can simultaneously realize the functions of detecting the inner diameter and the outer diameter in both directions.
• the technical solution adopted by the bidirectional detecting micrometer of the invention to solve the above problems is as follows: three measuring rods and measuring heads for measuring the inner and outer diameter directions are arranged on the ruler, and the middle fixed measuring rod is located in the middle of the measuring axis of the ruler, and the fixed measuring There are two moving measuring rods with double scale values of inner and outer diameters on the left and right sides of the rod.
• the measuring axes of the moving rods on the left and right sides are consistent with the measuring axis of the fixed rod in the middle, and the center position of the fixed rod is fixed in the opposite direction.
• the linear displacement is used to display the measured value;
• the fixed probe and the moving probe are round-head type, including the ball-head type or the elliptical head type;
• the contact between the probe of the fixed measuring rod and the measuring head of the moving measuring rod includes Spherical and spherical, spherical and conical, tapered and tapered, plane and line, plane and plane, 60° convex and 60° concave, 55° convex and 55° concave, line-to-line contact;
• the shape includes an elbow type or a straight rod type;
• the elbow shape of the left and right side of the measuring rod further includes a U-shaped elbow shape that can detect the groove in the inner hole; and the movement manner of the moving rod on the left and right sides Including linear displacement or rotational displacement;
• the fixing method of the fixed measuring rod includes integral or detachable; the assembly plane when the fixed measuring rod is detachable is parallel to the axis plane of the left and right straight rod type moving measuring rods and the measuring
• the invention achieves the beneficial effects of providing a new type of multi-purpose precision measuring tool for mechanical manufacturing processing measurement and detection, and solving the problem of synchronous detection of inner diameter and outer diameter size by using a micrometer, especially in detecting workpieces.
• the extreme dimensional tolerance is more flexible, convenient, fast and accurate, which makes the micrometer's transmission principle, structure, material and detection function to be excellent, and realizes the function of one foot.
• Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the main body of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
• Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the body of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
• Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer adjusting knob A-A;
• Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer B-B;
• Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional detection micrometer is a transmission shaft
• Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the bidirectional detecting micrometer support sleeve
• Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a two-way detection micrometer round head screw
• Figure 8 is a front view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer differential cylinder
• Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer differential cylinder
• Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bidirectional detecting micrometer adjusting knob
• Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing the deviation detection under the limit size of the inner diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
• Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing the deviation detection on the limit size of the inner diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
• Figure 13 is a schematic diagram showing deviation detection under the limit size of the outer diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
• Figure 14 is a schematic diagram showing the deviation detection of the outer diameter limit dimension of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
• Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the larger size of the inner diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
• Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the larger size of the outer diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
• Figure 17 and Figure 18 are schematic diagrams showing the detection of the inner and outer diameter dimensions of the same workpiece by the bidirectional detection micrometer;
• Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of the bidirectional detection micrometer detection tube wall;
• Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the square groove, circular groove, inner hole and outer diameter of the bidirectional detecting micrometer
• Fig. 21 is a schematic view showing the appearance of the digital display micrometer of the bidirectional detecting micrometer.
• Figure 1 - Figure 21 Ruler 1, fixed rod 11, fixed rod probe 12, heat shield 13, heat shield fixing screw 14, digital micrometer adjustment reset button 15, digital micrometer digital display 16 , lock the screw handle 17; move the probe 2 to the right, move the probe 21 to the right, move the inner diameter of the pole to the right by 22, move the outer diameter of the pole to the right by 23, move the spindle to the left 24, and move the probe to the left Probe 25, left moving rod inner diameter scale value 26, left shift rod outer diameter scale value 27, plug block 28, process hole 29, moving rod internal thread 210, arc groove straight wall surface 211, circular groove a spherical surface 212; a support sleeve 3, a ball head positioning screw threaded hole 31, and a support sleeve and a ruler body engaging the cylindrical surface 32, Support sleeve groove 33; differential cylinder 4, calibration adjustment hole 41, right differential cylinder scale value 42, differential cylinder scale value reference line 43, left differential cylinder scale value 44, left differential cylinder 45, differential cylinder positioning screw hole 46, Differential
• a fixed measuring rod 11 is disposed at an intermediate position on the ruler 1, and a fixed measuring with a round head is provided at the foremost end of the fixed measuring rod 11.
• the locking screw handle 17 is used for locking the scale when determining the limit size value or
• the right-moving probe head 21 on the right-moving spindle 2 is used in conjunction with the fixed-rod probe 12 on the intermediate fixed spindle 11 or on the left-moving spindle 24, after the detection process is locked;
• the left movement rod probe 25 is used in combination; similarly, the right movement rod inner diameter scale value 22 and the right movement rod outer diameter scale value 23 are the right movement rod probe 21 and the intermediate fixed rod probe 12 or left.
• the head 25 is used in conjunction with the measured value; the left moving rod inner diameter scale value 26 and the left moving rod outer diameter scale value 27 are also used in conjunction with the intermediate fixed rod probe 12 or the right right moving rod probe 21
• the measured value; the plug block 28 and the process hole 29 on the moving rod 2 are mainly processing techniques for processing the internal thread 210 of the measuring rod; moving the arc groove straight wall surface 211 and the circular groove on the measuring rod 2
• the spherical surface 212 cooperates with the ball head positioning screw cylindrical surface 81 and the ball head positioning screw spherical surface 82 on the ball head positioning screw 8 to control the error of the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the moving spindle 2;
• a ball head positioning screw screw hole 31 is provided for connecting the ball head positioning screw 8;
• the ruler matching cylindrical surface 32 on the support sleeve 3 is mainly used for controlling the connection relationship between the support sleeve 3 and the ruler 1;
• the groove 33 is used for positioning connection with the differential cylinder 4; when
• the force of the adjustment knob threaded hole 52 is also used for mounting the positioning steel ball, the spring and the screw; the adjusting knob and the round head screw are matched with the thread 53 for mounting the round head screw 6; the elastic force of the ratchet rod 54 by the spring 55 is at the adjusting knob 5
• the upper inner ratchet 51 functions to control the force of the adjustment knob 5 on the workpiece by the elastic force of the spring; the screw 71 on the transmission shaft 7 is used to connect the moving rod 2
• the transmission, the ratchet rod mounting hole 72 and the transmission shaft adjustment knob positioning groove 73 and the oil reservoir 74 are mainly used for lubricating and regulating the inner ratchet 51 on the adjustment knob 5.
• the main structural features and transmission relationship of the bidirectional detecting micrometer of the invention are: a set of new transmission mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the ruler body (see Fig. 2-10), and the biggest difference from the traditional micrometer is that the left and right measuring rods are also relying on The traditional screw rotation connection transmission, but the transmission reflected on the measuring rod is to make the measuring rod linearly displaced rather than the rotational displacement, so that the measuring heads on the left and the right sides can be bent to detect the inner hole of the workpiece; due to its linear displacement
• the speciality and the ingenious design of the probe make the invention have the function of two-way detection of the inner and outer diameters, thus creating a new type of measuring tool and detection method.
• the two sides of the fixed probe 12 in the middle of the two-way detection micrometer are respectively opposite to the outer ends of the probes 25 and 21 on the left and right sides. Verify the conventional micrometer or special inner diameter calibration gauge and calibrate the dimensions on both sides to the 25mm position. When verifying the reference size, align the moving rods on both sides from the middle to the sides to eliminate the gap error of the drive shaft threads. . Then, the detection dimensions of the two sets of probes on the left and right sides are set to two limit sizes to be detected, such as 34.00 mm on the right side and 34.05 mm on the left side, and then the locking screw handle 17 is locked.
• the left side of the fixed probe head 12 and the right side of the fixed rod probe 21 are brought into contact with the inner wall of the workpiece to detect the inner diameter of the workpiece.
• the minimum size of the dimension Dmin (34.00mm) Figure 11
• the two probes are placed in the inner hole to be tested, it means that the actual size of the inner hole has met the minimum value of the limit size Dmin (34.00mm); It does not mean that the maximum size limit Dmax (34.05mm) of the inner hole size at this time meets the requirements; at this time, the inner hole should be detected by setting the maximum limit size Dmax (34.05mm) of the left set just set.
• the right side of the fixed probe 12 and the left side of the left touch probe 25 are brought into contact with the inner wall of the workpiece (as shown in Fig. 12). If the two probes are also placed in the inner hole to be detected, the inside is indicated. The actual size of the hole has exceeded the maximum limit Dmax (34.05mm) ; if the two probes cannot be placed in the inner hole to be tested, the inner diameter limit of the tested workpiece has met the tolerance requirements.
• the same method for detecting the outer diameter limit of the workpiece is the same as the method for detecting the inner diameter limit.
• the difference is the opposite direction, for example, the outer diameter limit.
• the two sides of the fixed rod probe 12 in the middle of the two-way detection micrometer are firstly checked with the inner side of the round heads of the probes 25 and 21 on the left and right sides, and the conventional micrometer standard sample rod or other measuring block is verified and simultaneously detected. After the three probes are in contact, the outer diameter scale values on the left and right moving rods are at 0 mm.
• the moving rods on both sides are calibrated from the outward to the middle to eliminate the gap error of the drive shaft threads.
• the minimum limit size Dmin (9.00mm) and the maximum limit value Dmax (9.05mm) of the two sets of probes are opposite to the inner diameter limit size detection direction in the comparison direction with the workpiece to be tested.
• the measurement method of combining the left and right probes may be employed, that is, moving the left and right sides of the probe head 25 to the right of the probe head 21 To contact the inner wall of the inner hole of the workpiece, the measuring rod is fixed at a certain position before the measurement, and the calibration and measuring work is completed with the measuring rod on the other side.
• the verification method is equivalent to the above inner diameter detecting and verifying method, and the measured value is Calculated by the displacement of both sides combined with the diameter of the probe in the middle.
• the measured workpiece can be quickly measured by a fixed length method or test.
• Two-way detection micrometer to measure the wall thickness of the pipe
• the wall thickness of the workpiece is 5 mm
• the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe part needs to be measured or inspected, it can also be detected by combining the fixed probe head in the middle with the probe head on both sides. .
• This feature can directly replace the existing pipe wall micrometer.
• the length, width and height of non-cylindrical workpieces can be measured and verified within a certain range.
• Two-way detection micrometer for narrow groove and circular groove and inner and outer diameter measurement see Figure 20, due to the special nature of the bidirectional detection micrometer probe, it cannot be measured in the existing universal outer diameter micrometer.
• the bidirectional detecting micrometer can detect the surface to be tested of the workpiece in the axial direction D2 of the workpiece and the radial circumferential direction d2, and the real implementation is realized.
• the bidirectional detecting micrometer includes a "bidirectional digital display detecting micrometer" with digital display function, and the sensor structure and display principle and method thereof belong to the well-known technology in the field of digital display micrometer, without affecting the mechanical transmission structure or principle of the present invention.
• various digital display modes can be used, including a rotary displacement sensing display or a linear displacement sensing display mode.
• the use of any of the known digital display methods in the bidirectional detection micrometer of the present invention is within the scope of application of the present invention and is also within the scope of the present invention.
• novel two-way detection micrometer of the invention and the detection technology refer to the significant improvements made by the inventors of the prior art, and therefore, some of the previous expression methods are referred to and cited in the description of some of the structural names.
• the aim is to facilitate the expression and full presentation of the core variations of the invention. Similar improvements made in accordance with the transmission principles, structural features, and testing techniques of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
• the bidirectional detection micrometer of the invention has the function of detecting the inner diameter, the outer diameter, the square groove, the arc groove, the pipe wall, the limit tolerance and the like by the ingenious design, and the condition of the measurement function of the multi-type workpiece is satisfied.
• the company offers a new range of gauges for the field of mechanical manufacturing. This two-way inspection micrometer will contribute to the development of the machine building industry and the gauge manufacturing industry.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
• Length-Measuring Instruments Using Mechanical Means (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-12-20 CN CN201310702785.2A patent/CN103673805B/zh active Active
  • 2013-12-25 WO PCT/CN2013/001641 patent/WO2015089689A1/zh active Application Filing

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