WO2015083919A1 - Procédé et appareil de réduction de perte de paquets dans une communication sans fil - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de réduction de perte de paquets dans une communication sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015083919A1
WO2015083919A1 PCT/KR2014/007413 KR2014007413W WO2015083919A1 WO 2015083919 A1 WO2015083919 A1 WO 2015083919A1 KR 2014007413 W KR2014007413 W KR 2014007413W WO 2015083919 A1 WO2015083919 A1 WO 2015083919A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
packet
transmission
time
wireless communication
retransmission queue
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PCT/KR2014/007413
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김철민
오경철
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가온미디어 주식회사
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Publication of WO2015083919A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015083919A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/04—Error control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique for reducing packet loss in wireless communication. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for configuring a medium access control (MAC) layer to efficiently recover lost packets in wireless communication.
  • MAC medium access control
  • the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer of the 802.11 Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) standard discards the packet if it fails while transmitting the MAC Service Data Unit (MSDU). As a result of discarding the packet, there may be a case where a collision occurs continuously due to contention or a bad wireless environment due to temporary radio interference.
  • MSDU MAC Service Data Unit
  • a general WiFi terminal continuously tries to transmit data and inefficiently occupies the wireless link through a request to send (RTS) frame and a clear to send (CTS) frame, thereby not using it efficiently. can not do it. Packet loss caused by discarding unsuccessful transmission also greatly affects transmission rate and communication quality.
  • the MAC layer In the case of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) communication, the MAC layer provides the ability to retransmit discarded packets, but for traffic containing time-sensitive packets, that is, time critical packets, the discarded packets are retransmitted. Even if it is recovered by, a delay occurs and adversely affects the communication quality. In addition, in case of User Datagram Protocol (UDP), retransmission is not performed, so there is a problem in that the packet cannot be recovered after discarding the packet.
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • UDP User Datagram Protocol
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for reducing the packet loss by increasing the transmission rate and stability of the wireless communication by using the packet without discarding the packet even if the packet transmission fails in the wireless communication.
  • Packet loss reduction method for solving the above technical problem, the step of receiving a packet transmission request; Transmitting a packet; If the packet transmission fails in the step of transmitting the packet, inserting the packet into the retransmission queue (queue); configured to include.
  • the packet receiving unit for receiving a packet transmission request; A packet transmission unit for transmitting a packet; A response receiver for receiving an acknowledgment of the transmission of the packet; If the transmission of the packet fails, a retransmission queue for storing the packet; is configured to include.
  • packets discarded in a bad radio environment due to temporary radio interference may be recovered again to improve the quality of UDP communication and to increase the transmission rate and stability of TCP. Also, if the transmission fails due to a temporary bad wireless environment, instead of discarding the packet completely, the situation is improved, and it is stored in the Access Point Retry Queue until the packet can be transmitted. It is faster than UDP and has the effect of preventing packet loss.
  • 1 and 2 are configuration diagrams of a WiFi MAC including a retransmission queue in an AP according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a packet transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a radio resource reservation process using the RTS / CTS frame of the 802.11 standard.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a radio resource reservation process using a special RTS frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6 through 8 are formats of MAC and RTS / CTS frames of the 802.11 standard.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a process of storing a failed transmission packet in a retransmission queue according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a process of drawing a packet from a retransmission queue and transmitting the same according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11 is an exemplary diagram of DSCP values of QoS in the 802.11 standard.
  • 1 and 2 are configuration diagrams of a WiFi MAC including a retransmission queue in an AP according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the TCP / IP layer transmits a packet to be transmitted through a Service Access Point (SAP) to a data link layer (DLL).
  • the DLL includes a Logical Link Control (LLC) and MAC layer, and the LLC receives a packet sent by TCP / IP to a layer higher than the MAC, and delivers the packet back to the MAC through SAP.
  • LLC Logical Link Control
  • WiFi MAC of the 802.11 standard transmits and receives data through RF (Radio Frequency), and MAC control controls the transmission and reception of packets.
  • the MAC layer further includes a retransmission queue.
  • the 802.11 standard says that if a MAC fails to transmit a packet, it discards the packet. In case of discarding a packet that failed to transmit, TCP communication is retransmitted at the TCP layer, which is a burden due to this. In UDP communication, which does not require retransmission, a problem occurs that the quality of communication is degraded due to a lost packet.
  • an automatic packet recovery queue (APR queue) is provided, and even if the packet transmission fails, the packet is stored immediately in the retransmission queue, and then dropped. Since the packet is transmitted by retrieving the stored packet from the retransmission queue, it is possible to reduce packet loss and provide a function of recovering a packet that was to be lost.
  • the data structure of the retransmission queue for storing packets is not necessarily limited to a queue featuring first-in-first-out (FIFO) and may be implemented in various forms.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a process of receiving a video from a video streaming server through a WiFi by an IPTV client.
  • the access point (AP) connected to the IPTV includes a retransmission queue, so that even if the packet transmission fails, the AP can be stored in the retransmission queue and transmitted again.
  • the video server transmits the first to fourth packets through the Internet and is received by the AP. However, due to radio wave interference between the AP and the IPTV, only the first packet and the fourth packet are successfully transmitted. It shows the process of storing a packet in the retransmission queue and transmitting it again after the interference is eliminated.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a packet transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the packet transmission apparatus 200 includes a packet receiver 210 that receives a packet to be transmitted from an LLC, a packet attribute determination unit 220 that determines whether a packet is a time sensitive packet, and a packet transmission that transmits packets for data and management.
  • the packet transmission apparatus 200 may further include other components and is not necessarily limited to the components of the present embodiment.
  • the packet transmission unit 210 may receive a packet transmission request including data from the LLC, transmit the received packet, retrieve a packet stored in the retransmission queue, and transmit the retrieved packet.
  • the response receiver 230 may receive various types of data transmitted by the counterpart connected to the AP.
  • the packet transmission apparatus 200 When the packet is transmitted to the MAC to transmit the packet in the LLC layer, which is a layer higher than the MAC, the packet receiver 210 receives the packet.
  • the packet attribute determining unit 220 determines whether the received packet is a time critical packet. For time-sensitive packets, such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), it is more advantageous to send the next packet than to resend a packet that failed to send, so do not store the packet in the retransmission queue.
  • VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
  • Whether the packet is a time-sensitive packet is determined using a time sensitive decision variable.
  • the time sensitive decision variable may be determined by using a differential services code point (DSCP) field used in the quality of service (QoS) of the 802.11 standard. . DSCP is explained in full detail in FIG.
  • the radio state variable storage unit 240 including the radio state variable should check whether the radio state is transmittable. At this time, if the packet is not time sensitive and the wireless state is not a state that can be transmitted, the packet is stored in the retransmission queue 250, and if the wireless state variable is capable of packet transmission, the packet transmitter 230 transmits the packet.
  • the radio state variable may be a Boolean type variable having a value of TRUE or FALSE, and may be expressed as a real number or a natural number that may gradually indicate the state of the radio.
  • the radio state variable for example, IS_BAD_SITUATION
  • the radio state is a state in which radio wave interference occurs and packet transmission is impossible.
  • the packet transmitter 230 determines a BACKOFF window, which is a waiting time before transmitting a frame, and waits until the BACKOFF is completed.
  • BACKOFF time uses DIFS (Distributed Interframe Space) time.
  • the packet transmitter 230 transmits a packet when BACKOFF is completed, and the response receiver 230 waits for a predetermined time for an acknowledgment. If no acknowledgment is received for a certain time, it is determined whether the packet is dropped.
  • Whether to drop a packet is determined by the number of retries for packet transmission.
  • packet transmission is retried repeatedly as many times as determined by dot11ShortRetryLimit for short packets and dot11LongRetryLimit for long packets. If the packet transmission fails even after retrying a predetermined number of times, the radio state variable is changed to TRUE, in which the packet cannot be transmitted. If the packet is time sensitive, the packet is dropped, and the packet not stored is stored in the retransmission queue 250.
  • a recovery timer 260 for extracting and transmitting the stored packet is set when a predetermined time elapses from the retransmission queue 250.
  • the expiration time of the recovery timer for fetching the packet may be a preset value.
  • the packet transmitter 230 transmits a special RTS frame, and the response receiver 230 waits for an acknowledgment for the special RTS.
  • the value of the radio state variable storage unit 240 is changed to FALSE, and the packet transmitter 230 retrieves the packet stored in the retransmission queue 250 and transmits the packet.
  • the retransmission queue 250 includes a plurality of packets, packet retrieval and packet transmission are repeated as many as the number of stored packets.
  • the wireless state variable storage unit 240 may determine that the wireless state can be transmitted. Can be changed to FALSE.
  • the packet transmission apparatus 200 may be implemented as a user terminal or a server terminal.
  • the user terminal may be a personal computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, a game console, a portable multimedia player, a PlayStation Portable, or a wireless computer. Communication terminals, smartphones, TVs, media players and the like.
  • the server terminal includes an application server and a service server.
  • the packet transmission apparatus 200 is each (i) a communication device such as a communication modem for performing communication with various devices or wired and wireless communication networks, (ii) a memory for storing data for executing a program, ( iii) may mean a variety of devices including a microprocessor for operating and controlling a program.
  • the memory may be a computer-readable recording medium or a storage medium such as a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, a solid state disk, or the like.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • flash memory an optical disk
  • magnetic disk a magnetic disk
  • solid state disk or the like.
  • the microprocessor may be programmed to selectively perform one or more of the operations and functions described herein.
  • the microprocessor may be implemented as hardware, such as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit, in whole or in part of a particular configuration.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a radio resource reservation process using an RTS / CTS frame of the 802.11 standard
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a radio resource reservation process using a special RTS frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a transmitting node which is a source, recognizes that a channel is in an idle state, waits for DIFS, and then transmits an RTS frame
  • the receiving node which is a destination, receives an SITS after receiving an RTS. After waiting for Interframe Space), transmit CTS frame.
  • the transmitting node transmits data after receiving CTS frame and waiting for SIFS.
  • the receiving node sends an acknowledgment (ACK) after the data reception is completed and SIFS.
  • ACK acknowledgment
  • the other node cannot use the radio resource because NAV (Network Allocation Vector) is set.
  • NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a process of transmitting a special RTS for checking whether a radio resource can be reserved for retrieving and retransmitting a packet stored in a retransmission queue in a MAC, and receiving a CTS in response to transmitting a RTS frame for data transmission;
  • RTS Radio Resource Transport
  • the special RTS excludes the SIFS time between the data transmission time and the data transmission time, so that only a short time can reserve a radio resource.
  • 6 through 8 are formats of MAC, RTS and CTS frames of the 802.11 standard.
  • the MAC frame plays a role of reliably transmitting the packet received from the LLC through an unreliable physical layer.
  • the MAC frame includes a MAC header, a frame body, and a frame check sequence (FCS).
  • FCS frame check sequence
  • the MAC frame includes frame control, duration, Address information, optional sequence control, QoS, and the like.
  • the frame control includes information on protocol version, ACK policy, frame type, fragment start / end, retry, and the like.
  • RTS frame is a message sent by a transmitting node to reserve a radio link for data transmission and not to the transmitting node to all nodes listening to the radio link.
  • the CTS frame is a message sent by the receiving node to the node listening to the radio link not to transmit from now on.
  • the RTS frame includes Frame Control, Duration, RA, TA, and FCS information.
  • Duration includes data waiting to be transmitted or a frame for management, a CTS frame, an ACK frame transmission time, and three SIFS times.
  • the CTS frame includes Frame Control, Duration, RA, and FCS information.
  • Duration includes data or management frame waiting for transmission, ACK frame transmission time and two SIFS times.
  • the special RTS of this embodiment is the time for data transmission, the time excluding ACK and one SIFS, in the duration of the RTS frame of the 802.11 standard.
  • the duration of a special RTS frame includes a CTS frame and one SIFS time.
  • the value of Duration of the CTS may be set to zero.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a process of storing a failed transmission packet in a retransmission queue according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the MAC layer receives a packet to be transmitted from the LLC layer (S510), and determines whether the packet is a time critical packet such as VoIP (S520). If the packet to be transmitted is not a time sensitive packet based on the result of the determination, it is checked whether the value of the radio state variable is TRUE or FALSE in order to determine whether the wireless environment is good or bad (S530). When the radio state variable is TRUE because the radio state is not good and data cannot be transmitted, it is determined whether to use the retransmission queue (S531). If the setting for the retransmission queue is ON, the packet that failed to transmit is stored in the retransmission queue. If it is OFF, the packet is not saved. However, the initial value of the radio state variable is set to FALSE. If the radio state variable is TRUE, the packet is inserted into the retransmission queue (S532).
  • the size of the retransmission queue may be limited so that a packet cannot be inserted beyond the maximum size. If a retransmission queue attempts to insert a packet beyond the maximum acceptable size it can store, it must be deleted and inserted from the stored packets before inserting the packet. In this case, the packet to be deleted may be the packet that has been in the retransmission queue for the longest time or the packet which has the lowest priority.
  • the BACK OFF window which is a waiting time before the frame transmission, is determined, and the BACK OFF is waited until completion (S540).
  • the packet is transmitted (S542).
  • the transmitting node transmits the packet and checks whether the acknowledgment of the acknowledgment has been received (S544) for a predetermined time (S544), when the acknowledgment is received, the packet transmission is completed. (S546). Even if a packet is sent and an acknowledgment is not received, it does not give up immediately but retries a certain number of times.
  • the 802.11 standard retries as specified in dot11ShortRetryLimit for short packets and dot11LongRetryLimit for long packets to drop packets if they cannot continue to be transmitted.
  • the output of the packet transmission may be increased or the bitrate may be lowered to increase the packet transmission rate.
  • the radio state variable value to TRUE (S550)
  • the packet is dropped (S570).
  • the packet is not time sensitive, if the setting for using the retransmission queue is ON, the packet is inserted into the retransmission queue (S580), and a recovery timer is set (S590). If the setting for using the retransmission queue is OFF, the packet is dropped (S570).
  • the recovery timer checks whether the radio state improves after a certain period of time so that the packet can be retrieved from the retransmission queue and transmitted to the receiving node.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a process of drawing a packet from a retransmission queue and transmitting the same according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the recovery timer When the initial packet is stored in the retransmission queue, the recovery timer is set with the expiration time, and the time of the recovery timer expires (S610), the MAC layer detects this and transmits a special RTS frame to the receiving node (S620).
  • the expiration time may use a preset value.
  • the special RTS frame reserves radio resources except for the data transmission time in the Duration field of the RTS frame used in the 802.11 standard, thereby minimizing the time when other nodes cannot use the radio resources.
  • the Duration field of the RTS frame is the time of CTS + ACK + DATA + 3 x SIFS, but the duration of the special RTS of the present embodiment is CTS + 1 x SIFS because it does not include the data transmission time.
  • the radio state variable IS_BAD_SITUATION
  • FALSE FALSE
  • S650 the radio state variable
  • S660 the packet is extracted from the retransmission queue
  • S670 the packet is repeatedly sent out.
  • the order of fetching packets from the retransmission queue is the method of fetching the first inserted packet first (FIFO), the method of fetching the last inserted packet first (LIFO), the packet of high priority.
  • One of the methods of withdrawing the first may be used, and two or more methods may be used in combination. That is, the packet with high priority may be fetched first, but if the packet has the same priority, the packet may be FIFO or LIFO.
  • the wireless state variable is set to TRUE in the AP, if any kind of data is received from the communication counterpart of the AP, it means that the wireless state of the AP and the communication counterpart is improved so that communication is possible. Can be changed to FALSE.
  • 11 is an exemplary diagram of DSCP values of QoS in the 802.11 standard.
  • the DSCP value of the QoS of the 802.11 standard can be used to determine whether the packet is a time-sensitive packet.
  • the DSCP value may be used as a time sensitive determination variable.
  • the DSCP when the QoS information is streaming, the DSCP has a value of 100010. Therefore, if the QoS information is streaming, the DSCP may check and use the retransmission queue of the present embodiment to recover the packet to be lost.
  • the value of DSCP is not limited to the example of FIG. 11 and can be in other forms.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une technologie de configuration d'une couche de contrôle d'accès au support (MAC) de sorte à permettre qu'un paquet perdu dans une communication sans fil soit récupéré de manière efficace. Un procédé de réduction de perte de paquets dans une communication sans fil selon la présente invention comprend les étapes suivantes : une étape de réception d'une demande de transmission de paquet ; une étape de transmission d'un paquet ; et une étape d'insertion dans une file d'attente consistant à insérer un paquet dans une file d'attente de retransmission lorsque la transmission d'un paquet échoue au cours de l'étape de transmission du paquet.
PCT/KR2014/007413 2013-12-06 2014-08-08 Procédé et appareil de réduction de perte de paquets dans une communication sans fil WO2015083919A1 (fr)

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WO2017112365A1 (fr) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 Intel Corporation Gestion d'encombrement de communications pour des dispositifs de l'internet des objets
US9923821B2 (en) 2015-12-23 2018-03-20 Intel Corporation Managing communication congestion for internet of things devices
US10057150B2 (en) 2015-12-23 2018-08-21 Intel Corporation Managing communication congestion for internet of things devices
US10644961B2 (en) 2018-01-12 2020-05-05 Intel Corporation Self-adjusting data processing system

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KR102164033B1 (ko) * 2016-12-19 2020-10-12 엘지전자 주식회사 네트워크 장치 및 네트워크 장치의 큐 관리 방법
KR102392888B1 (ko) * 2017-10-26 2022-04-29 에스케이텔레콤 주식회사 패킷 손실 복구를 개선하기 위한 장치 및 방법
CN110267312B (zh) 2019-06-17 2023-09-19 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 数据传输的方法、管理服务质量流的方法、设备及介质

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