WO2015078356A1 - 治疗肝腹水的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

治疗肝腹水的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2015078356A1
WO2015078356A1 PCT/CN2014/092159 CN2014092159W WO2015078356A1 WO 2015078356 A1 WO2015078356 A1 WO 2015078356A1 CN 2014092159 W CN2014092159 W CN 2014092159W WO 2015078356 A1 WO2015078356 A1 WO 2015078356A1
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ginseng
bamboo
ascites
treatment
weight
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French (fr)
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刘明杰
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刘明杰
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/08Solutions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/12Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
    • A61K35/36Skin; Hair; Nails; Sebaceous glands; Cerumen; Epidermis; Epithelial cells; Keratinocytes; Langerhans cells; Ectodermal cells
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/23Apiaceae or Umbelliferae (Carrot family), e.g. dill, chervil, coriander or cumin
    • A61K36/232Angelica
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/25Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax
    • A61K36/258Panax (ginseng)
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    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/36Caryophyllaceae (Pink family), e.g. babysbreath or soapwort
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    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/46Eucommiaceae (Eucommia family), e.g. hardy rubber tree
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/48Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/48Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
    • A61K36/482Cassia, e.g. golden shower tree
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/48Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
    • A61K36/483Gleditsia (locust)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/48Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
    • A61K36/484Glycyrrhiza (licorice)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/48Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
    • A61K36/488Pueraria (kudzu)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/48Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
    • A61K36/489Sophora, e.g. necklacepod or mamani
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/65Paeoniaceae (Peony family), e.g. Chinese peony
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/74Rubiaceae (Madder family)
    • A61K36/748Oldenlandia or Hedyotis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/79Schisandraceae (Schisandra family)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/88Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
    • A61K36/899Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/16Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P7/00Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
    • A61P7/10Antioedematous agents; Diuretics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0087Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023
    • A61K9/0095Drinks; Beverages; Syrups; Compositions for reconstitution thereof, e.g. powders or tablets to be dispersed in a glass of water; Veterinary drenches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a medicine for treating liver ascites and a preparation method thereof.
  • Liver cirrhosis ascites is commonly known as liver ascites. Normal people have a small amount of free ascites in the abdominal cavity, usually about 50 ml, which plays a role in maintaining the lubrication between organs. When there is too much free liquid in the abdominal cavity, it is called ascites. Cirrhosis ascites is a chronic liver disease. From large, nodular, diffuse hepatic changes, necrosis, regeneration; regeneration, necrosis, promote tissue fibrosis and scar contraction, resulting in liver hardening, cirrhosis. Liver cirrhosis caused by portal hypertension, resulting in splenomegaly, protein fluid leaking from the absorption of protein and vitamins, formed ascites.
  • Liver ascites is the most prominent clinical manifestation of cirrhosis; more than 75% of patients with decompensated period have ascites.
  • the mechanism of ascites formation is sodium and water excess retention, which is related to the following local factors and systemic factors: 1.
  • Increased portal pressure When the temperature exceeds 300mmH2O, the hydrostatic pressure of the visceral vascular bed increases, and the tissue fluid absorption decreases and leaks into the abdominal cavity.
  • hypoalbuminemia when the white egg is lower than 31g / L, the plasma colloid osmotic pressure is reduced, resulting in extravasation of blood components.
  • Liver ascites is the terminal stage of cirrhosis, which is a watershed of compensated cirrhosis and decompensated cirrhosis. Once ascites is produced, the liver's own function is already poor. The causes of liver ascites are hepatic, renal, and autoimmune. At present, there is no curative effect on the treatment of liver ascites. In the treatment of liver ascites, it will bring great side effects, supplement fluid, anti-infection, liver and diuretic, which will damage the kidney and fail to achieve the overall regulation of the viscera. The disease is further developed into liver and kidney syndrome, uremia, and renal failure.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a medicine for treating liver ascites having the effects of protecting liver, detoxifying, clearing blood and benefiting Qi, and a preparation method thereof.
  • the medicine for treating liver ascites comprises the following components by weight: bamboo flower 15-55, saponin 15-55, buffalo horn 15-25, Zhuru 15-45, Duhu 15-25, Schisandra 15-25, Pueraria lobula 15-25, Hedyotis diffusa 15-75, licorice 5-15, lotus leaf 15-55, cassia seed 5-35, ginseng ginseng 5-15, American ginseng 5-15, Eucommia 5-35, white peony 5-25 Sophora flavescens 5-35.
  • the weight fraction of each component is as follows: bamboo flower 35-55, saponin 35-55, buffalo horn 15-25, bamboo ru 15-25, solo 15-25, schisandra 15-25, pueraria 15 -25, Hedyotis diffusa 35-55, Licorice 5-15, Lotus 35-55, Cassia 5-15, Pseudostellaria 5-15, American ginseng 5-15, Eucommia 5-15, White peony 5-15, bitter See 5-15.
  • the parts by weight of each component are as follows: bamboo flower 15-55, saponin 15-25, buffalo horn 15-25, bamboo ruth 35-45, singular 15-25, schisandra 15-25, pueraria 15 -25, Hedyotis diffusa 15-25, Licorice 5-15, Lotus leaf 5-15, Cassia 25-35, Pseudostellariae 5-15, American ginseng 5-15, Eucommia 5-15, White peony 15-25, bitter See 5-15.
  • the preparation method of the above medicine for treating liver ascites comprises the following steps in sequence:
  • bamboo flower also known as bamboo yellow, Tianzhu flower, light bamboo flower, etc. belong to the fungi community, Ascomycete subphylum, nucleobacteria, Phaeodonta, Pleurotus, and Fungi. Born in the decay or decaying bamboo forest, the medicinal part is the sub-seat of the fungus bamboo yellow. It has the effects of antitussive and phlegm, qi and pain, and shock.
  • Saponin is the spine of the bean agaric, which is warm, spicy and slightly poisonous.
  • Buffalo horn is a substitute for Chinese medicine rhinoceros. It has functions of clearing heat, cooling blood, fixing shock and detoxification.
  • Zhuru also known as bamboo skin, green bamboo Ru, light bamboo skin Ru. It is the dry intermediate layer of the stalk of the grass stalk bamboo, the big head bamboo or the light bamboo. Contains lignin and cellulose. Slightly cold, sweet. Traditional Chinese medicine is often used for lung heat cough, phlegm and irritability, convulsions.
  • Schisandra alias: Xuanhe, Huihe, Wumeizi, Shanhuajiao, Zhuangwei, Wuwei, etc.
  • the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine lies in nourishing and strengthening the body, and it has the function of protecting liver and protecting liver.
  • Pueraria is a dry root of the genus Pueraria. It has antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and immune effects.
  • Hedyotis diffusa scientific name: Hedyotis diffusa, is a plant of the genus Valeriana, commonly used in the treatment of lung heat and cough, sore throat, intestinal fistula, swollen sores, snake bites and so on.
  • Licorice prescription name: licorice, grass, raw licorice, valerian, licorice, grass tips, licorice tips, grass tips.
  • licorice For the dicotyledonous Leguminosae licorice Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., licorice G. inflataBat., or G. glabra L. roots and rhizomes. Indications to clear away heat and detoxification, phlegm and cough, abdominal abdomen and so on.
  • Lotus leaf prescription name: lotus leaf, lotus leaf, fresh lotus leaf, dry lotus leaf, lotus leaf charcoal, etc. It is the dry leaf of the lotus plant lily. It has the effects of eliminating heat and dampness, strengthening the spleen and promoting yang, and relieving blood stasis.
  • Cassia a dry mature seed of the annual legume herb Cassia obtusifolia L. or Cassia tora L. Alias: Cassia, Horseshoe Cassia, fake Mung Bean, Golden Bean. Bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. It has the effect of clearing heat and clearing eyes and relaxing the bowels.
  • Taizishen also known as baby ginseng and ginseng. It is the root of the perennial herbaceous plant of the Dianthus family. Sweet, slightly bitter, lukewarm. Tonic medicine, qi medicine. Indications: Replenishing spleen and lung, benefiting Qi and fluid.
  • American ginseng is the dried root of Panax quinquefolium L, a plant of the Araliaceae plant. It is a kind of ginseng, also known as Guangdong ginseng, American ginseng.
  • Eucommia ulmoides alias silk bark, silk cotton, cotton bark, gum tree, is the dry bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, is a Chinese nourishing herbal medicine. It has liver and kidney, strong bones and muscles, removes garbage from the body, strengthens metabolism of human cells, prevents aging of muscles and bones, balances blood pressure, decomposes body cholesterol, lowers body fat, restores blood vessel elasticity, diuretic heat, broad-spectrum antibacterial, and excites the central nervous system. Improve the pharmacological effects of white blood cells.
  • White peony alias: white peony, flower, white peony, golden peony, Hangzhou ⁇ , Dabai ⁇ and so on.
  • Sophora flavescens scientific name: Sophora flavescens. It is a plant of the genus Sophora. Indications: heat and dampness, insecticide, diuretic.
  • the medicine for treating liver ascites is mainly composed of bamboo flower, saponin, buffalo horn, Zhuru, Duhuo, Schisandra, Pueraria, Hedyotis diffusa, licorice, lotus leaf, cassia seed, ginseng, American ginseng, eucommia, Baiqi and Sophora flavescens are auxiliary drugs, which have the comprehensive effects of protecting liver, detoxifying, clearing blood and replenishing qi.
  • the curative effect is improved, and the liver caused by hepatitis B and cirrhosis Ascites has a good therapeutic and recovery effect.
  • Specific ingredient content can be based on the characteristics of the disease The source of the points and raw materials are adjusted within the above range.
  • the preparation method is as follows:
  • the above-mentioned medicine for treating liver ascites is divided into one dose per 50 g, taken three times a day, one at a time. 15 days is a course of treatment.
  • the diagnosis is: hepatitis cirrhosis, type B, activity, ascites.
  • the drug treatment of the present embodiment is adopted for the case of severe ascites.
  • the results showed that the patient's HBV-DNA turned negative, E antigen turned negative, liver function returned to normal, ascites disappeared, all indicators returned to normal, mental outlook was good, and cirrhosis was cured.
  • the specific ingredient content can be adjusted within the above range depending on the characteristics of the adapted condition and the source of the raw material.
  • the preparation method was the same as in Example 1.
  • the above-mentioned medicine for treating liver ascites is divided into one dose per 50 g, taken three times a day, one at a time. 15 days is a course of treatment.
  • the pain in the liver area of the patient was relieved after one week of treatment with the drug of the present embodiment, and symptoms such as loss of appetite, fatigue, ascites, jaundice, and bleeding tendency were significantly alleviated.
  • the patient's albumin recovered to 50g and gradually recovered.
  • the ascites subsided and the lower extremities were edema.
  • the medication was stopped, the patient recovered, and multiple visits were made, and the condition was stable without repetition.
  • the specific ingredient content can be adjusted within the above range depending on the characteristics of the adapted condition and the source of the raw material.
  • the preparation method is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the above-mentioned medicine for treating liver ascites is divided into one dose per 50 g, taken three times a day, one at a time. 15 days is a course of treatment.
  • Diagnosis hepatitis cirrhosis, type B, active, ascites.
  • the condition of the patient after a course of treatment is significantly improved.
  • the second course of treatment is ideal.
  • HBV-DNA turned negative
  • e antigen turned negative
  • liver function returned to normal
  • patients' indexes returned to normal
  • mental outlook was good
  • cirrhosis was cured.
  • the preparation method is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the preparation method is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • liver ascites caused by various reasons were selected.
  • the drug treatment for liver ascites was significantly improved by 41 patients, 5 effective, 4 invalid, and the clinical effective rate was 92%.

Abstract

一种治疗肝腹水的药物及其制备方法。以竹花、皂刺、水牛角、竹茹、独活、五味子、葛根、白花蛇舌草为主药。以甘草、荷叶、决明子、太子参、西洋参、杜仲、白芍、苦参为辅药。具有保肝、解毒、清血、益气的功效。辨证分型,随证辨治,提高疗效,对乙肝、肝硬化造成的肝腹水具有较好的疗效和恢复效果。

Description

治疗肝腹水的药物及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药及其制备方法,尤其是一种治疗肝腹水的药物及其制备方法。
背景技术
肝硬化腹水俗称肝腹水。正常人腹腔内有少量的游离腹水,一般为50毫升左右,起着维持脏器间润滑作用,当腹腔内出现过多游离液体时,称为腹水。肝硬化腹水是一种慢性肝病。由大块型、结节型、弥漫型的肝细胞性变,坏死、再生;再生、坏死,促使组织纤维增生和瘢痕的收缩,致使肝质变硬,形成肝硬化。肝硬化肝功能减退引起门静脉高压,导致脾肿大,对蛋白质和维生素的不吸收而渗漏出的蛋白液,形成了腹水症。
肝腹水是肝硬化最突出的临床表现;失代偿期患者75%以上有腹水。腹水形成的机制为钠、水的过量潴留,与下列腹腔局部因素和全身因素有关:1、门静脉压力增高:超过300mmH2O时,腹腔内脏血管床静水压增高,组织液回吸收减少而漏入腹腔。2、低白蛋白血症:白蛋低于31g/L时,血浆胶体渗透压降低,致血液成分外渗。3、淋巴液生成过多:肝静脉回流受阻时,血将自肝窦壁渗透至窦旁间隙,致胆淋巴液生成增多,超过胸导管引流的能力,淋巴液自肝包膜和肝门淋巴管渗出至腹腔。4、继发性醛固酮增多致肾钠重吸收增加。5、抗利尿激素分泌增多致水的重吸收增加。6、有效循环血容量不足:致交感神经活动增加,前列腺素、心房以及激肽释放酶-激肽活性降低,从而导致肾血流量、排钠和排尿量减少。上述多种因素,在腹水形成和持续阶段所起的作用有所侧重,其中肝功能不全和门静脉高压贯穿整个过程。腹水出现前常有腹胀,大量水使腹部膨隆、腹壁绷紧发高亮,状如蛙腹,患者行走困难,有时膈显著抬高, 出现呼吸和脐疝。部分患者伴有胸水,多见于右侧,系腹水通过膈淋巴管或经瓣性开口进入胸腔所致。
肝腹水是肝硬化的终末阶段,亦即代偿期肝硬化与失代偿期肝硬化的一个分水岭,一旦腹水产生,说明肝脏自身的功能已经很差了。肝腹水形成的原因有肝源性,肾源性,自身免疫性等。目前治疗肝腹水西医尚无疗效确切的药物,在治疗肝腹水的同时,会带来很大的副作用,补充液体,抗感染,保肝利尿,往往会损害肾脏,不能达到脏腑的整体调节,从而使病情进一步发展为肝肾综合症,尿毒症,肾功能衰竭。因为肝腹水要补充液体,但还要用利尿剂,而直接损害肾脏,这是西医治疗肝腹水的最大弊端。西医西药治疗副作用大。临床采用的穿刺治疗,复发高、病人痛苦、容易诱发感染。大剂量使用赶路穿和速尿,易诱发电解质紊乱。
由于腹水病机复杂,虚实寒热各异,病情多变,中医采用固定方药往往难以满足临床的需要,因此不少人创用了分型辨证的方法,提出治臌七法,治臌八法。早期中医采用固定方药,单味药如甘遂、巴豆、芫花、商陆、大戟、二丑等;因其主要是通过肠道泻水,而利尿不显,由于反应剧烈,易引起电解质紊乱,故现已很少有人用此法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有保肝、解毒、清血、益气之功效的治疗肝腹水的药物及其制备方法。
本发明所述治疗肝腹水的药物包括如下重量份数的成分:竹花15—55、皂刺15—55、水牛角15—25、竹茹15—45、独活15—25、五味子15—25、葛根15—25、白花蛇舌草15—75、甘草5—15、荷叶15—55、决明子5—35、太子参5—15、西洋参5—15、杜仲5—35、白芍5—25、苦参5-35。
作为本发明的进一步改进,各成分重量份数比如下:竹花35—55、皂刺35—55、水牛角15—25、竹茹15—25、独活15—25、五味子15—25、葛根15—25、白花蛇舌草35—55、甘草5—15、荷叶35—55、决明子5—15、太子参5—15、西洋参5—15、杜仲5—15、白芍5—15、苦参5-15。
作为本发明的进一步改进,各成分重量份数比如下:竹花15—55、皂刺15—25、水牛角15—25、竹茹35—45、独活15—25、五味子15—25、葛根15—25、白花蛇舌草15—25、甘草5—15、荷叶5—15、决明子25—35、太子参5—15、西洋参5—15、杜仲5—15、白芍15—25、苦参5-15。
上述治疗肝腹水的药物的制备方法,包括顺序进行的如下步骤:
A)将竹花、皂刺、决明子、五味子、杜仲、白芍、独活、苦参、葛根、白花蛇舌草、竹茹按照上述重量份数比投入1000-2000重量份20—30℃的清水中浸泡4-6小时,入砂锅烧开后保持沸腾状态煎煮20-30分钟,再按比例加入甘草、荷叶,继续煎煮25-35分钟,自然冷却后滤除药渣,得到一号药液;分别用100重量份20—30℃的清水浸泡太子参、西洋参、水牛角4-6小时,然后将太子参、西洋参、水牛角及浸泡液一起投入砂锅中烧开后保持沸腾状态30-50分钟,自然冷却后滤除药渣,得到二号药液;
B)将一号药液与二号药液混合加热至沸腾并保持5分钟,自然冷却后得到所述治疗肝腹水的药物。
竹花又名竹黄、天竹花、淡竹花等属于真菌界、子囊菌亚门、核菌纲、肉座菌目、肉座菌科、竹黄属真菌。多生于衰败或即将衰败的竹林中,药用部位是真菌竹黄的子座。具有镇咳化痰、理气止痛、镇惊之功效。
皂刺为豆科植物皂荚的棘刺,性温,味辛,有小毒。
水牛角是中药犀角的代用品,功能有清热,凉血,定惊,解毒。
竹茹,又名竹皮,青竹茹,淡竹皮茹。是禾本科植物青秆竹、大头典竹或淡竹的茎秆的干燥中间层。含木质素、纤维素。性微寒,味甘。中医常用于用于肺热咳嗽,痰黄及病热烦躁,惊悸。
独活为伞形科植物重齿毛当归的干燥根,辛、苦,微温,用于风寒湿痹;腰膝疼痛;少阴伏风头痛,头痛齿痛。现代研究,独活有抗炎、镇痛及镇静作用;对血小板聚集有抑制作用;并有降压作用,但不持久;所含香柑内酯、花椒毒素等有光敏及抗肿瘤作用。
五味子,别名:玄及,会及,五梅子,山花椒,壮味,五味等,为植物南五味子或北五味子的成熟果实。中药功效在于滋补强壮之力,有保肝护肝功能。葛根是为豆科植物野葛的干燥块根。具有解热、消炎、抗菌、免疫作用。
白花蛇舌草,学名:Hedyotis diffusa,是茜草科耳草属的植物,中医常用治疗肺热喘咳、咽喉肿痛、肠痈、疖肿疮疡、毒蛇咬伤等。
甘草,处方名:甘草,生草,生甘草,炙草,炙甘草,草梢,甘草梢,生草梢等。为双子叶植物豆科Leguminosae甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensisFisch.,胀果甘草G.inflataBat.,或光果甘草G.glabraL的根及根茎。功能主治清热解毒,祛痰止咳、脘腹等。
荷叶,处方名:荷叶、莲叶、鲜荷叶、干荷叶、荷叶炭等。是睡莲科植物莲的干燥叶。具有消暑利湿,健脾升阳,散瘀止血的功效。
决明子,为豆科一年生草本植物决明Cassia obtusifolia L.或小决明Cassia toraL的干燥成熟种子。别名:决明,马蹄决明、假绿豆、金鼓豆。苦甘,微寒,无毒。具有清热明目,润肠通便之功效。
太子参,又名孩儿参、童参。为石竹科多年生草本植物异叶假繁缕的块根。甘,微苦,微温。补虚药,补气药。主治:补益脾肺,益气生津。
西洋参,为五加科植物西洋参Panax quinquefolium L的干燥根。是人参的一种,又称广东人参、花旗参。
杜仲,别名丝楝树皮、丝棉皮、棉树皮、胶树,为杜仲科植物杜仲Eucommia ulmoides Oliver的干燥树皮,是中国名贵滋补药材。具有补肝肾,强筋骨,清除体内垃圾,加强人体细胞物质代谢,防止肌肉骨骼老化,平衡人体血压,分解体内胆固醇,降低体内脂肪,恢复血管弹性,利尿清热,广谱抗菌,兴奋中枢神经,提高白血球药理作用。
白芍,别名:白芍、花子、白芍药、金芍药、杭芍、大白芍等。为双子叶植物药毛茛科植物芍药的根。具有保肝、降酶的作用,常与柴胡、当归、生地黄等配伍。
苦参,学名:Sophora flavescens。为豆科苦参属的植物。主治:清热燥湿,杀虫,利尿。
本发明所述治疗肝腹水的药物,以竹花、皂刺、水牛角、竹茹、独活、五味子、葛根、白花蛇舌草为主药物,甘草、荷叶、决明子、太子参、西洋参、杜仲、白芍、苦参为辅药,具有保肝、解毒、清血、益气的综合功效,在辨证分型治疗的基础上,随证辨治,提高了疗效,对乙肝、肝硬化造成的肝腹水具有较好的治疗和恢复效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
备药,准备如下重量份数的成分:竹花15—55、皂刺15—55、水牛角15—25、竹茹15—45、独活15—25、五味子15—25、葛根15—25、白花蛇舌草15—75、甘草5—15、荷叶15—55、决明子5—35、太子参5—15、西洋参5—15、杜仲5—35、白芍5—25、苦参5-35。具体成分含量可以根据适应病症的特 点和原材料的来源在上述范围内调整。
制备方法如下:
A)将竹花、皂刺、决明子、五味子、杜仲、白芍、独活、苦参、葛根、白花蛇舌草、竹茹按照上述重量份数比投入1000-2000重量份20—30℃的清水中浸泡4-6小时,入砂锅烧开后保持沸腾状态煎煮20-30分钟,按比例加入甘草、荷叶,继续煎煮25-35分钟,自然冷却后滤除药渣,得到一号药液;分别用100重量份20—30℃的清水浸泡太子参、西洋参、水牛角4-6小时,然后将太子参、西洋参、水牛角及浸泡液一起投入砂锅中烧开后保持沸腾状态30-50分钟,自然冷却后滤除药渣,得到二号药液;
B)将一号药液与二号药液混合加热至沸腾并保持5分钟,自然冷却后得到所述治疗肝腹水的药物。
服用方法,将上述治疗肝腹水的药物分成每50克为一份,每天三次服用,每次一份。15天为一疗程。
病人王某某,男,49岁山东德州人,患肝腹水。主诉:牙龈间断性出血3年余,腹部胀痛2月。几年前,病人在一次体检当中,发现自己患有乙肝大三阳,遂在当地医院接受治疗,治疗几个月后,肝功能恢复正常。出院后不久,病人经常感觉身体没力气,尤其是在劳累后,乏力的情况更加严重,并且腹部开始胀痛。检查各项指标如下:
乙肝五项:HBsAg(+)HBeAg(+)HBcAb(+)
肝功:ALT 150.9U/L AST 1875.02U/L
彩超:门静脉1.3cm脾厚6.2cm脾静脉1.3cm腹腔积液12.3cm
诊断为:肝炎肝硬化、乙型、活动性、腹水。
根据病人的检查结果及病情,针对腹水严重的情况,为其采用了本实施例的药物治疗。治疗三个疗程之后,检查结果显示,病人的HBV—DNA转阴,E抗原转阴,肝功恢复正常,腹水消失,各项指标恢复正常,精神面貌好,肝硬化实现治愈。
实施例2:
备药,准备如下重量份数的成分:竹花35—55、皂刺35—55、水牛角15—25、竹茹15—25、独活15—25、五味子15—25、葛根15—25、白花蛇舌草35—55、甘草5—15、荷叶35—55、决明子5—15、太子参5—15、西洋参5—15、杜仲5—15、白芍5—15、苦参5-15。具体成分含量可以根据适应病症的特点和原材料的来源在上述范围内调整。
制备方法同实施例1。
服用方法,将上述治疗肝腹水的药物分成每50克为一份,每天三次服用,每次一份。15天为一疗程。
病人田某某,男39岁,在2012年5月因为肝区疼、呕吐,到医院检查发现乙肝、肝硬化。劳累后加重,此后病情反复发作。半年前诸症加重伴腹部膨隆、尿少、双下肢水肿,在当地医院治疗效果欠佳。
来院时的情况:精神差、形体消瘦,腹高度膨隆,脐部突出如拳头大小,质硬,腹水症阳性,下肢水肿。B超:肝脏凹凸不平,门脉高压、脾大、大量腹水。肝功能检查受损严重,白蛋白29g。
针对患者病情,采用本实施例的药物治疗一周后患者肝区疼痛减轻,并且食欲不振、乏力、腹水、黄疸、出血倾向等症状显著减轻。一个月后病人白蛋白恢复至50g,逐渐康复。三个月后腹水消退,下肢无水肿。又治疗一段时间后停止用药,患者痊愈,多次回访,病情稳定无反复。
实施例3:
备药,准备如下重量份数的成分:竹花15—55、皂刺15—25、水牛角15—25、竹茹35—45、独活15—25、五味子15—25、葛根15—25、白花蛇舌草15—25、甘草5—15、荷叶5—15、决明子25—35、太子参5—15、西洋参5—15、杜仲5—15、白芍15—25、苦参5-15。具体成分含量可以根据适应病症的特点和原材料的来源在上述范围内调整。
制备方法,同实施例1。
服用方法,将上述治疗肝腹水的药物分成每50克为一份,每天三次服用,每次一份。15天为一疗程。
病人崔某,男45岁山东济南人。症状:下肢浮肿,腹膨隆,纳差,小便短少,大便正常,面色苍白,四肢欠温,舌淡苔白,舌有瘀点,脉沉细。病史:病人于2009年5月出现面色萎黄,四肢乏力,肝区疼痛,少气懒言,伴有下肢浮肿,曾因患有乙肝先后四次在当地医院住院治疗,缓解后出院。入院前检查:检查:肝功能:ALT 180.3u/L,AST 60.8u/L。B超查:肝大,回声不均匀,腹腔内大量液性暗区,腹腔穿刺为淡黄色胶水,提示肝硬化腹水。诊断:肝硬化伴有腹水。
采用本实施例的药物对证治疗10天后,病人下肢浮肿减轻,尿量逐渐增多,面色稍显红润,肝区疼痛减轻。1个疗程后,浮肿基本消退。复查:肝功能:ALT 40u/L,AST 35.1u/L。继续治疗1个月后,患者自我症状消失,下肢浮肿消退,面色红润,无肝区疼痛,肝功能正常,B超提示无异常,患者痊愈。巩固治疗三个月,病情未复发。
病人:李某某,35岁,滕州人。病史:患者4年前单位体检时查出乙肝大三阳,在当地县中医院中药治疗半月,肝功降至正常。近1月患者无诱因出现腹部胀痛。在当地诊所以“胃病”治疗后,感觉腹胀逐渐加重,并出现双下肢水肿,大便次数增多,入院检查各指标如下:
乙肝五项:HBsAg(+)HBeAg(+)HBcAb(+)
肝功ALT:157U/L AST:178U/L
彩超:门静脉1.3cm脾厚6.2cm脾静脉1.1cm腹腔积液13.7cm
诊断:肝炎肝硬化、乙型、活动性、腹水。
采用本实施例的药物治疗方案,经过一个疗程治疗病人情况明显好转。第二疗程重效果理想。三个疗程后复查:HBV—DNA转阴,e抗原转阴,肝功恢复正常,腹水消失,患者各项指标恢复正常,精神面貌好,肝硬化实现治愈。
实施例4:
备药,准备如下重量份数的成分:竹花15、皂刺15、水牛角15、竹茹35、独活15、五味子15、葛根15、白花蛇舌草15、甘草5、荷叶5、决明子25、太子参5、西洋参5、杜仲5、白芍15、苦参5。
制备方法,同实施例1。
实施例5:
备药,准备如下重量份数的成分:竹花55、皂刺25、水牛角25、竹茹45、独活25、五味子25、葛根25、白花蛇舌草25、甘草15、荷叶15、决明子35、太子参15、西洋参15、杜仲15、白芍25、苦参15。
制备方法,同实施例1。
经临床试用统计,选取各种原因造成的肝腹水病人五十例,采用本发明所述治疗肝腹水的药物治疗,明显改善41人,有效5人,无效4人,临床有效率92%。

Claims (4)

  1. 治疗肝腹水的药物,其特征在于包括如下重量份数的成分:竹花15—55、皂刺15—55、水牛角15—25、竹茹15—45、独活15—25、五味子15—25、葛根15—25、白花蛇舌草15—75、甘草5—15、荷叶15—55、决明子5—35、太子参5—15、西洋参5—15、杜仲5—35、白芍5—25、苦参5-35。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的治疗肝腹水的药物,其特征在于各成分的重量份数如下:竹花35—55、皂刺35—55、水牛角15—25、竹茹15—25、独活15—25、五味子15—25、葛根15—25、白花蛇舌草35—55、甘草5—15、荷叶35—55、决明子5—15、太子参5—15、西洋参5—15、杜仲5—15、白芍5—15、苦参5-15。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的治疗肝腹水的药物,其特征在于各成分的重量份数如下:竹花15—55、皂刺15—25、水牛角15—25、竹茹35—45、独活15—25、五味子15—25、葛根15—25、白花蛇舌草15—25、甘草5—15、荷叶5—15、决明子25—35、太子参5—15、西洋参5—15、杜仲5—15、白芍15—25、苦参5-15。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的治疗肝腹水的药物的制备方法,其特征在于包括顺序进行的如下步骤:
    A)将竹花、皂刺、决明子、五味子、杜仲、白芍、独活、苦参、葛根、白花蛇舌草、竹茹按照上述重量份数比投入1000-2000重量份20—30℃的清水中浸泡4-6小时,入砂锅烧开后保持沸腾状态煎煮20-30分钟,再按比例加入甘草、荷叶,继续煎煮25-35分钟,自然冷却后滤除药渣,得到一号药液;分别用100重量份20—30℃的清水浸泡太子参、西洋参、水牛角4-6小时,然后将太子参、西洋参、水牛角及浸泡液一起投入砂锅中烧开后保持沸腾状态30-50分钟,自然冷却后滤除药渣,得到二号药液;
    B)将一号药液与二号药液混合加热至沸腾并保持5分钟,自然冷却后得到所述治疗肝腹水的药物。
PCT/CN2014/092159 2013-11-27 2014-11-25 治疗肝腹水的药物及其制备方法 WO2015078356A1 (zh)

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