WO2015074858A1

WO2015074858A1 - Unloading device for goods arranged in a transport container, and method for loading and unloading goods of this type

Info

Publication number: WO2015074858A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/073624
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Berdelle-Hilge
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2013-11-25
Filing date: 2014-11-04
Publication date: 2015-05-28
Also published as: DE102013224034A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an unloading device (1) for goods (6) arranged in a transport container (3), and to a method for loading and unloading goods (6) of this type. The device (1) comprises a goods-supporting means (2) which can be arranged flat on the bottom (10) of the transport container (3), on which supporting means the goods (6) can be stacked, which supporting means can be pulled out of an unloading opening (9) of the transport container (3) with an unloading force (F) in an unloading direction (17), and the base surface of which supporting means is greater than or equal to a bottom surface inside the transport container (3). In order to unload the transport container (3) more efficiently, the goods-supporting means (2) has an expansion section (16) which, when pulled out, increases the length of the goods-supporting means (2).

Description

description

Unloading device for goods arranged in a transport container and method for loading and unloading such goods

The invention relates to an unloading device for goods arranged in a transport container, with a product underlay, which can be arranged flat on the bottom of the transport container, on which the goods are stackable and which consists of a

Unloading of the transport container with a discharge force in a discharge direction can be pulled out.

The invention further relates to a method for loading and unloading of goods to be transported in a transport container, in which for loading first a good underlay is arranged flat on the bottom of the transport container and the goods are stacked on the Gutunterlage, and then to unload the Good document from a

Discharge opening of the transport container is pulled out with a discharge force in a discharge direction.

Discharge devices and methods of the above type are known in the art and described for example in DE 10 2011 083 100 AI and US 2012/0087770 AI.

Since transport containers for goods, such as swap bodies, containers or truck holds, sometimes need to be reused several times a day, an efficient loading and unloading is of utmost importance. In the aforementioned devices and methods in the prior art, the

Problem that when pulling out the goods on the Gutunterlage high forces must be spent. This can lead to structurally complex, costly systems. In addition, the goods can be wedged in the transport container so that they are difficult to pull out.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a

Discharge device and a method of the type mentioned above to provide, with which the goods can be unloaded with less unloading power from the transport container.

The discharge device according to the invention of the type mentioned initially achieves the object by virtue of the fact that the product underlay has an expansion section which, when pulled out, increases the length of the product under load in the withdrawal direction.

In the method according to the invention of the type mentioned above, the object is achieved in that when pulling out the length of the product under load in removal direction in expansion sections is increased and thereby a total volume of goods is divided into several sub-volume. The solution according to the invention has the advantage that through the

Increasing the length of the goods underlaid by the expansion section divides the total volume of goods on the product underlayment into sub-volumes. These partial volumes are pulled one after the other from the transport container with the aid of the product underlay. This will provide the needed

Unloading reduced, because only partial volumes of goods are moved. This partial volume can be removed from the property document or transported away. Subsequently, the next partial volume is pulled out to be unloaded. This process can take place overlapping with the previous one.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the goods can slip into the spaces created between the sub-volumes, so that a 3D-2D separation of the goods already takes place on the goods underlay. The 3D-2D separation means a stripping of the material volume.

Furthermore, the solution according to the invention has the advantage that smaller partial volumes of the goods become less strongly or less frequently caught on the walls of the transport container, which for example have ribs or the like. As a result, the partial volume can be easily pulled out and dissolved than the total volume. The invention can be used in addition to piece goods for bulk materials. The invention can be further developed by further advantageous embodiments, which are described below. The individual embodiments can be combined freely with each other. Thus, the product underlay can have a plurality of expansion sections arranged one behind the other in the unloading direction, each of which increases the length of the product under load when the discharge force acts. The several expansion sections have the advantage that the total volume of the goods in the transport container is divided into three or more sub-volumes, thereby further reducing the necessary unloading power.

In order to automate the unloading process more strongly, the unloading device can have a pulling device, by means of which the goods underlay can be pulled out of the transport container. In particular, the pulling device can be designed to receive the Gutunterlage, which allows a compact design. In an advantageous embodiment, the Gutunterlage can be made flexible and placed under the formation of the expansion section in a loop. This has the advantage that the expansion section is constructionally particularly simple, which reduces the material costs of the device. In addition, the distance of two successive expansion sections by the loop formation is very easily changeable. Thus, for example, different large sub-volumes of goods can be adjusted, which may be useful for different sizes of goods. In order to facilitate the formation of loops, the flexural rigidity may be lower, at least in partial regions of the loops, than in normal sections adjacent to the loop. In an alternative embodiment, the elasticity of Gutunterlage in the expansion section may be greater than in adjacent normal sections. For example, differently strong elastic sections may alternate. In the expansion sections, the blanket stretches when pulled out by the unloading force to a predetermined length. Once this maximum extension has been reached, the next section of the certificate will be moved on. Further, the Gutunterlage can be arranged overlapping to form the expansion section. Thus, the expansion sections can be arranged at fixed locations. Here, the Gutunterlage for example, have a plurality of interconnected plates. These plates may be formed in particular rigid.

Further embodiments of the Gutunterlage with alternative expansion sections are conceivable. In any case, the material underlay must ensure the reliable transporting out of the goods from the transport container.

To ensure that all goods are unloaded from the transport container, the goods underlay can be designed so that it can be arranged on the rear wall of the transport container. Preferably, the area associated with the rear wall has no expansion sections. The end of the goods underlay can be detachably fastened, for example, at the upper end of the rear wall, so that it separates from the transport container when it is pulled out by the unloading force and completely conveys the last partial volume of the goods out of the transport container. The material backing arranged on the rear wall prevents goods of the last partial volume from falling off the goods underlay and not being unloaded.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the material backing may have a lower coefficient of friction at the bottom than at the top. This has the advantage that the goods Slips easily on the bottom of the transport container and requires less unloading power. At the top, however, the goods adhere well due to the higher coefficient of friction and are reliably transported out of the transport container.

In order to promote the goods to different degrees, the product underlay can have an anisotropic coefficient of friction at the top, transversely to the discharge direction. Thus, for example, a slightly V-shaped partial volume can be formed when pulling out, if the coefficient of friction in the middle of the product underlay is greater than on the sides. This has the advantage that due to goods that get caught on the side walls of the transport container, lower lateral forces occur. In the following, the invention will be explained with reference to the exemplary embodiments in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a first exemplary embodiment of the invention

Unloading device;

FIG. 2 shows the embodiment of the unloading device from FIG. 1 in another unloading state;

Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of the unloading device of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of part of the

Discharge device of Figure 1 in another discharge state;

Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a part of

Unloading device of Figure 1 before loading;

Figure 6 is a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment of the discharge device according to the invention; FIG. 7 unloading device from FIG. 7 in another position; Figure 8 is a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment of the unloading device according to the invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment of the discharge device according to the invention.

First, the invention will be described with reference to the exemplary embodiment of the unloading device according to the invention of Figures 1 to 4. The unloading device 1 according to the invention initially comprises a goods underlay 2, which is arranged in a transport container 3. The transport container 3 may be, for example, a swap body, container or cargo space of a truck. The transport container 3 is exemplified in Figure 1 with feet 4, which are on a floor 5, z. In a parcel center. In the interior of the transport container 3 are goods 6, such as packages or luggage, which are shown only as a total volume and not in detail. For ease of illustration, the side walls 7 of the transport container 3 are shown transparent. The transport container 3 further has a rear wall 8, a discharge opening 9, a bottom 10 and a roof 11.

The unloading device 1 has, in addition to the goods underlay 2, on which the goods 6 are stacked in FIG. 1, furthermore a pulling device 12, conveying means 13, guide walls 14 and curtain strips 15.

The Gutunterlage 2 comprises a plurality of expansion portions 16, which are arranged in a discharge direction 17 in a row and each having an expansion means 18. In addition to the expansion sections 16, the goods underlay 2 comprises normal sections 19 which are adjacent to the expansion sections 16 are arranged. Expansion sections 16 and normal sections 19 alternate. The Gutunterlage 2 is flat and covers optionally up to two narrow edge regions because of the discharge opening the entire bottom 10 of the transport container 3 from, ie the base of the Gutunterlage 2 is approximately equal to or slightly less than the bottom surface in the interior of the transport container. 3 The goods 6 are stacked in the state in Figure 1 on the goods underlay 2, so that the crop support 2 is arranged in the vertical direction between the goods 6 and the bottom 5 of the transport container 3. In the horizontal direction, the Gutunterlage 2 between the goods 6 and the rear wall 8 of the transport container 3 is arranged, because the Gutunterlage 2 in the embodiment in Fig. 1 also extends flat on the rear wall 8. The unloading device 1 also has a fastening means 20, with which the product underlay 2 is detachably fastened to the rear wall 8 of the transport container 3. The fastening means 20 may be for example a magnetic connector or a Velcro connector. In the embodiment in Figure 1, the expansion means 18 are formed as loops 21, in which the Gutunterlage 2 is placed in the expansion sections 16. The loops 21 extend transversely to the removal direction 17 on the bottom 5 of the transport container and are overlapping regions of the product tray 2. The product underlay 2 is made in the embodiment in FIG. 1 from an at least partially pliable material that can be easily placed in loops 21 and also allows good stacking of the goods 6 on the loops 21.

Outside the transport container 3, the goods underlay 2 extends substantially on the floor 5 to the traction device 12. In the embodiment in Figure 1, the traction device 12 is provided with a winding device 22 and has a chassis 23. The conveying means 13, for example rollers or conveyor belts, are arranged outside the transport container 3 and there above the goods underlay 2 and the pulling device 12. The conveying area of the conveying means 13 is bounded laterally by the substantially vertically arranged baffles 14. As seen in the removal direction 17 behind the discharge opening 9, the curtain strips 15 are arranged, which are fastened at the top and hang down flexibly in a strip-like manner next to one another.

In the following, the unloading of the goods 6 from the transport container 3 with the aid of the unloading device 1 according to the invention in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 will be described.

In the state in FIG. 1, in which the transport container 3 is still completely loaded with the goods 6, an unloading force F is exerted on the goods underlay 2 by the pulling device 12 so that it is partly pulled out of the transport container 3. By the unloading force F, the first expansion section 16.1 is first pulled apart, ie the loop 21 of the expansion section 16.1 is pulled apart so that the length of the goods underlay 2 increases. A first partial volume 24.1 of the goods 6 is pulled out of the transport container 3 while the expansion section 16.1 extends. The remaining expansion sections 16.2, 16.3, 16.4 do not yet extend and the goods 6 thereon are not yet moved. When pulling out the first sub-volume 24.1, a gap is created to the next sub-volume 24.2, which is not yet conveyed out. In this gap goods 6, which are located at the edge of the sub-volume 24, slip, as shown in Figure 2 by the dashed line. Thus, an advantageous stripping of the goods 6 is achieved, which facilitates removal to the conveying center 13. The first sub-volume 24.1 of goods 6 is successively transported away by the conveying means 13 for further processing. The baffles 14 prevent lateral falling out of the goods 6 of the crop flow. When the expansion section 16.1 has reached the maximum length with its expansion means 18, ie in the embodiment in FIG. 1 that the loop 21 of the first expansion section 16 has been completely dissolved, the connection begins. Extension of the next expansion section 16.2. In this case, the next partial volume 24.2 and all goods still lying in front of it are conveyed out of the transport container 3 in the removal direction 17, as shown in FIG. Thus, the expansion sections 16 are successively extended by the discharge force F and thus the partial volume 22 is conveyed out of the transport container 3. The normal sections 19 do not change their length when pulled out substantially. To a simple extraction of the Gutunterlage 2 from the

To allow transport container 3, the Gutunterlage 2 at the bottom 10 of the transport container 3 zuweisenden underside on the smallest possible coefficient of friction. This results in a particularly low static friction, so that the Gutter terlage 2 slides well on the floor 10. In contrast, the product underlay 2 on the upper side facing the goods 6 has a relatively high coefficient of friction. As a result, the goods 6 adhere well to the material underlay 2 and are reliably conveyed out of the transport container 3.

In the exemplary embodiment of Figures 1 to 4, the top of the Gutunterlage 2 is anisotropic with respect to the coefficient of friction. In this case, the coefficient of friction in a central region is greater than in the outer regions which point to the side walls 7. This can result in advantageous relative movements of the goods relative to the traction means. Due to the anisotropic coefficient of friction, the goods 6 stick more strongly in the middle area and are promoted there more prominently. In the outer region they glide rather, resulting in a V-shaped orientation, as shown in Figure 4. This has the advantage that with the side walls 7 hooked goods 6 can slip back and do not hinder the removal of the goods 6. This creates more freedom of movement for the hooking. Figure 5 shows the unloading device 1 of the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4 before loading the transport container 3 with goods 6. After the transport container 3 has been completely discharged, the product underlay 2 is completely out of the Transport container 3 pulled out. The product pad 2 has been wound up, for example, by the winding device 22. Before the empty transport container 3 can be loaded with new goods 6, the goods underlay 2 must be arranged again in the transport container 3. For this purpose, the product underlay 2 of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5 must be placed in loops 21 in order to form the expansion sections 16. For this purpose, the traction device 12, which is movable by the chassis 23 in the transport container 3, the Gutunterlage 2 in the transport container 3. For this purpose, the end of the first

Gutunterlage 2 attached to the fastening means 2 on the rear wall 8. Subsequently, the traction device 12 moves back and forth in the transport container 3 while it unwinds the Gutunterlage 2 using the winding device 22. As with a "pilgrim step" - that is, two parts in front, one part of the pulling device 12 moves backwards, thus the material underlay 2 is laid in the state as shown in Figure 1. Subsequently, new goods 6 can be stacked on the goods underlay 2.

A further embodiment of the unloading device 1 according to the invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. For the sake of simplicity, only differences to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 will be discussed.

The unloading device 1 of the embodiment of Figures 6 and 7 comprises a lifting unit 25 which is disposed below the discharge opening 9 of the transport container 3. The lifting unit 25 is fastened to the floor 5 and is flush with a ramp 26 formed in the floor 5.

In FIG. 6, the lifting unit 25 is in a basic position. In Figure 7, the lifting unit 25 is in its lifting position in which it raises the transport container 3 on the side of the discharge opening 8 and thereby tilts about 3 °. By the tilted position of the shown in Figure 7

Transport container 3, the conveyor 13 in contrast to the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4 are arranged horizontally. This is advantageous for the removal of the goods 6. In addition, the pulling device 17 can be positioned with less distance to the discharge opening and the wedge area is eliminated due to the previously increasing means of transport. This is possible because the pulling device 12 can be arranged below the horizontal conveyor 13. The unloading and lifting unit 25 thus tilts the discharge opening of the transport container 3 approximately at the height of the pulling device 12. Lifting the entire transport container 3 would of course also be possible.

FIG. 8 shows a further alternative embodiment of the unloading device 1. For the sake of simplicity, again the differences to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 will be discussed.

The unloading device 1 in FIG. 8 has an alternative material support 2, in which the expansion sections 16 are designed to be more elastic than the normal sections 19. To illustrate the expansion means 18 are drawn as spring elements. The expansion means 18, portions of the Gutunterlage 2 made of elastic material, for. As rubber, be. FIG. 9 likewise shows an alternative embodiment of the unloading device 1 according to the invention. For the sake of simplicity, only the differences from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 will be discussed again. The unloading device 1 in FIG. 9 again has an alternative material support 2. The Gutunterlage 2 has rigid plates 27, which are pushed one above the other in the expansion sections 16. At their ends, the plates 27 each have hooks 28, which engage in a form-fitting manner in the extended state, so that the entire

Good underlay 2 can be pulled out of the transport container 3 by the pulling device 12. The arrangement of the plates can also be shown the other way around than in FIG. Furthermore, the lifting device may also include an immobilizer and / or a suspension compensation of a transport vehicle.

Claims

Unloading device (1) for goods (6) arranged in a transport container (3),

with a product underlay (2), which can be arranged flat on the floor (10) of the transport container (3) on which the goods (6) are stackable and which consists of a

Discharge opening (9) of the transport container (3) with an unloading force (F) in a discharge direction (17)

is removable,

That means that the goods underlay (2) has an expansion section (16) which, when pulled out, increases the length of the product under load in the unloading direction (17).

Device (1) according to claim 1,

That means that the goods underlay (2) has a plurality of expansion sections (16) arranged one behind the other in the unloading direction (17), each of which increases the length of the goods underlay (2) in the unloading direction (17) during withdrawal.

Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2,

The device (1) has a traction device (12) through which the crop support (2) can be pulled out of the transport container (3).

Device (1) according to claim 3,

characterized in that the pulling device (17) for receiving the Gutunterlage (2) is formed. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the product underlay (2) is made flexible and placed in a loop (21) to form the expansion section (16).

Device (1) according to claim 5,

That is, the flexural rigidity of the product support (2) is smaller at least in partial regions of the loop (21) than in normal sections (19) adjacent to the loop.

Device (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the elasticity of the Gutunterlage (2) in the expansion section (16) is greater than in adjacent

Normal cut (19).

Device (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the material support (2) is arranged overlapping to form the expansion section (16).

Device according to claim 8,

That is, that the goods underlay (2) has a plurality of interconnected panels (27).

Device according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the goods underlay (2) is designed such that it can be arranged on the rear wall (8) of the transport container (3).

11. Device (1) according to one of the above claims, in that there is a lower or higher coefficient of friction on the underside of the material backing (2) than on the upper side.

12. Device (1) according to one of the above claims, characterized in that the goods support (2) on the upper side has an anisotropic coefficient of friction transversely to the discharge direction (17).

13. Device (1) according to one of the above claims, wherein a good support (2) has an anisotropic flexural rigidity.

14. A method for loading and unloading in a transport container (3) to be transported goods (6), in which for loading a first Gutunterlage (2) on the bottom of the transport container (3) is arranged flat and the goods (6) the blanket (2) are stacked, and in which the blanket (2) is then pulled out of a discharge opening (9) of the transport container (3) with an unloading force (f) in a discharge direction (17) for unloading,

The length of the product underlay (2) in the discharge direction (17) in expansion sections (16) is increased when the product is withdrawn.