WO2015070797A1 - 对目标进行成像的方法和检查系统 - Google Patents

对目标进行成像的方法和检查系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015070797A1
WO2015070797A1 PCT/CN2014/091125 CN2014091125W WO2015070797A1 WO 2015070797 A1 WO2015070797 A1 WO 2015070797A1 CN 2014091125 W CN2014091125 W CN 2014091125W WO 2015070797 A1 WO2015070797 A1 WO 2015070797A1
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Prior art keywords
target
radiation
source
ray
dose rate
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PCT/CN2014/091125
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
康克军
李荐民
李营
李元景
印炜
郑娟
曾磊
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清华大学
同方威视技术股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015070797A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015070797A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
    • G01V5/20—Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects
    • G01V5/22—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
    • G01V5/224—Multiple energy techniques using one type of radiation, e.g. X-rays of different energies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
    • G01V5/20—Detecting prohibited goods, e.g. weapons, explosives, hazardous substances, contraband or smuggled objects
    • G01V5/22—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
    • G01V5/222—Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays measuring scattered radiation

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to radiographic imaging and, more particularly, to methods and systems for sub-regional imaging of a target.
  • the X-ray vehicle inspection system consists of an X-ray imaging subsystem, a scanning control subsystem, an operational inspection subsystem, and a radiation safety subsystem.
  • the X-ray imaging subsystem is the core of the entire system and consists of a source, detector and data acquisition and control module for generating X-ray transmission and/or scattering images.
  • the radiation source When scanning the inspected container/vehicle, the radiation source generates high-energy X-ray pulses that penetrate the inspected goods, and the high-sensitivity detector array receives the X-rays and converts them into output signals, which are generated by the data acquisition and control module in real time. A series of digital image signals. When the entire scanning process is over, the system automatically generates a complete image of the vehicle being inspected.
  • a conventional ray scanning imaging apparatus performs a scanning process on a plurality of regions of a target to be inspected (such as a vehicle) (the imaging device moves relative to the object to be inspected, moving from one end of the object to the other end, which is a transmission imaging, Scatter imaging or a combination of both), the source of radiation is in a single operating state as shown in FIG.
  • the source When scanning goods, vehicles, containers, etc., it is often necessary for the source to have sufficient ray energy and dose to ensure that the scanned image is clear.
  • the radiation energy and dose should be limited to ensure the safety of personnel or sensitive targets. In a single working state, it is impossible to balance the above requirements in one scanning process, and to measure multiple areas within the target.
  • Radiation source 1 and source 2 are used as shown in Figure 2, each operating in a different state, respectively for a different region of a target (region 1 and region) 2) Scan imaging is performed, but this scheme results in higher cost due to an increase in the number of radiation sources and imaging devices.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to achieve scanning imaging in different states of different regions of the same target in the process of one scan imaging using the same source.
  • the present disclosure provides a method of imaging a target, comprising: moving a radiation source relative to the target during a scan of the plurality of regions of the target by the radiation source; during the one scan, The source of radiation is switched between two or more operating states and has a corresponding ray energy or dose rate; from the source Receiving a ray transmitted or scattered by the target; obtaining a partial scanned image of one of the plurality of regions of the target in each operating state of the ray source according to the received ray; and composing the obtained partial scanned image as the target Full scan image.
  • the ray source is switched in two or more operational states including the ray source increasing and decreasing the ray energy or dose rate output by the ray source itself to increase and decrease the target reception The ray energy or dose rate to switch between two or more operating states.
  • switching the radiation source in two or more operational states includes reducing and increasing the velocity of the radiation source relative to the target to increase and decrease the ray energy received by the target or The dose rate is used to switch between two or more operating states.
  • the ray source is switched in two or more operating states including the ray source occluding the ray energy output from the ray source to change the ray energy or dose rate received by the target, in two Switching in one or more working states.
  • a partial scan image of a region where the target portion of the radiation sensitive portion is obtained at a low energy or low dose rate is obtained, and a portion of the region where the target portion of the radiation insensitive portion is obtained at a high energy or high dose rate is obtained. Scan the image.
  • the radiation sensitive portion includes a person, and the area of the target's radiation sensitive portion includes a cab.
  • the ray non-sensitive portion includes a cargo
  • the area where the ray-insensitive portion of the target is located includes a container
  • the present disclosure also provides a radiographic inspection system, comprising: a radiation source, wherein a radiation source and a target are relatively moved during a scan of a plurality of regions of the target to be inspected, and the radiation source is in two Switching in one or more operating states and having a corresponding ray energy or dose rate; a detector that receives radiation that is transmitted or scattered through the object being inspected and converts it into an output signal; and a data acquisition and imaging module that receives An output signal from the detector obtains a partial scanned image of one of the plurality of regions of the target in each operating state of the radiation source based on the output signal, and combines the obtained partial scanned image.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of scanning a whole area of a test object with a radiation source
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of scanning two regions of a target to be inspected by two radiation sources
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of scanning a region of a radiation sensitive target in three regions with a unified ray source in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of scanning a region of a radiation insensitive target in three regions with a unified ray source in accordance with the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of scanning a region of other radiation sensitive targets in three regions with a unified ray source in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • an imaging device such as a radiation source performs relative motion with the object to be inspected, and the pair is completed. Scanning is performed on all areas or portions of the object to be inspected, and in Fig. 2, an imaging device such as a radiation source has two or more imaging systems that respectively scan and image a plurality of regions of the object to be inspected.
  • the ray source in Fig. 1 operates in a single state, so it is impossible to balance the needs of different regions of the object to be inspected in one scan to achieve measurement of multiple regions within the target.
  • the solution shown in Fig. 2 satisfies this requirement, it increases the cost by increasing the number of radiation sources.
  • the present disclosure uses a radiation source, such as an accelerator, an X-ray machine, an artificial radiation source, etc., to inspect a target.
  • a radiation source such as an accelerator, an X-ray machine, an artificial radiation source, etc.
  • the radiation source can be switched between two or more working states, and the state switching mode can be The change in the output of the ray energy or the dose rate, the change in the speed of the relative movement of the source and the object to be inspected, or the occlusion of the radiation by the device is achieved.
  • an imaging device including a source of radiation and a detector can obtain a scanned image of a partial region of the target, such as a scanned image of a region where a person or other sensitive target is obtained at a low energy/low dose rate, at high energy/ Scanned images of the area where the goods are located at high dose rates, which together make up a scanned image of the entire target.
  • the imaging device moves relative to the object being inspected. When it reaches the area where the person or other sensitive target is located, the imaging device switches to a low energy/low dose rate state for scanning (as shown in Figures 3 and 5). In other areas (such as the area where the goods are located), the imaging device switches to a high energy/high dose rate state and scans in a short time (see Figure 4). Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3-5.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of scanning a region 1 of a radiation sensitive target in two regions with a unified ray source in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 uses a unified ray source to scan the object to be inspected.
  • the imaging device including the source and detector switches to a low energy/low dose rate state. scanning.
  • the imaging device moves relative to the object to be inspected, moving from one end of the area 1 of the object to be examined to the other end.
  • the radiation output from the radiation source is transmitted or scattered to the detector through the object to be inspected to scan and image the region 1 of the object to be inspected.
  • the imaging device scans the device to be inspected at a low energy/low dose rate state.
  • the ray energy or dose rate received by the target is low to ensure the safety of personnel or sensitive targets.
  • the imaging device is switched to a low energy/low dose rate state by reducing the ray energy or dose rate output by the source itself to reduce the ray energy or dose rate received by the subject. For example, during the scanning of zone 1, the ray energy or dose rate output by the source itself may be lower. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the imaging device is switched to a low energy/low dose rate state by increasing the speed of the relative movement of the radiation source to the object under test to reduce the ray energy or dose rate received by the subject. For example, during scanning of zone 1, the source of radiation can move faster relative to the object being inspected.
  • the over-use device blocks the radiation output from the radiation source to reduce the ray energy or dose rate received by the object under test, switching the imaging device to a low energy/low dose rate state. For example, during scanning of zone 1, the source of radiation can be blocked by a device.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of scanning a region 2 of a radiation insensitive target in two regions with a unified ray source in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 uses a unified ray source to scan the object to be inspected.
  • the system switches to the high energy/high dose rate state and scans in a short time.
  • the imaging device including the radiation source and the detector continues to move relative to the object to be examined, moving from one end of the region 2 of the object to be examined to the other end.
  • the radiation output from the radiation source is transmitted or scattered to the detector through the object to be inspected to scan and image the region 2 of the object to be inspected.
  • the imaging device scans the device to be inspected at a high energy/high dose rate state.
  • the high energy/high dose rate state the ray energy or dose rate received by the object to be inspected is high to ensure that the scanned image is clear.
  • the imaging device is switched to a high energy/high dose rate state by increasing the ray energy or dose rate output by the source itself to increase the ray energy or dose rate received by the subject. For example, during the scanning of zone 2, the ray energy or dose rate output by the source itself may be higher.
  • the imaging device is switched to a high energy/high dose rate state by reducing the speed of relative movement of the radiation source to the object under test to increase the ray energy or dose rate received by the subject. For example, during scanning of zone 2, the source of radiation may be slower to move relative to the subject.
  • the imaging device is switched to a high energy/high dose rate state by removing means occluding the radiation output from the radiation source to increase the ray energy or dose rate received by the subject. For example, during scanning of zone 2, the device that blocks the source of radiation is removed.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of scanning a region 3 of other radiation sensitive targets in three regions with a unified ray source in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 uses a unified source to scan the object being inspected.
  • the imaging device including the source and detector is switched to low energy/low dose. Rate status is scanned.
  • the imaging device moves relative to the object to be inspected, moving from one end of the region 3 of the object to be examined to the other end.
  • the radiation output from the radiation source is transmitted or scattered to the detector through the object to be inspected to scan and image the region 3 of the object to be inspected.
  • the imaging device scans the device to be inspected at a low energy/low dose rate state.
  • the ray energy or dose rate received by the target is low to ensure the safety of personnel or sensitive targets.
  • the imaging device is switched to a low energy/low dose rate state by reducing the ray energy or dose rate output by the source itself to reduce the ray energy or dose rate received by the subject.
  • the ray energy or dose rate output by the source itself may be lower.
  • the imaging device is switched to a low energy/low dose rate state by increasing the speed of the relative movement of the radiation source to the object under test to reduce the ray energy or dose rate received by the subject. For example, during scanning of zone 3, the source of radiation can move faster relative to the object being inspected.
  • the imaging device is switched to a low energy/low dose rate state by occluding the radiation output from the radiation source with the device to reduce the ray energy or dose rate received by the subject.
  • the source of radiation can be obscured by a device.
  • an X-ray-emitting accelerator or X-ray machine is selected as the radiation source, and the operating state is switched by adjusting the X-ray output energy/dose rate of the accelerator or the X-ray machine.
  • the accelerator or X-ray machine When scanning a specific area (such as a driver's cab), the accelerator or X-ray machine outputs a low-dose rate X-ray to scan a specific area, ensuring that the dose received by the driver does not exceed regulatory requirements or customer requirements.
  • the area is scanned for imaging.
  • scanning to a non-specific area such as a container
  • scanning with a high dose rate of X-rays is performed to obtain a scanned image of this area.
  • the imaging device including the radiation source and the detector is not limited to operating in two states, but can operate in more than two states.
  • the imaging device can be switched to a corresponding energy/dose rate state, such as high, medium, and low states, high, low, Three states are high or three states of low, high, and low.
  • the imaging apparatus of Figures 3-5 can also include a data acquisition and imaging module (not shown) that receives an output signal from the detector from which multiple of the target is obtained for each operational state of the radiation source. A portion of one of the regions scans the image and composes the obtained partial scanned image into a complete scanned image of the target.
  • aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in an integrated circuit as a whole or in part, as one or more of one or more computers running on one or more computers.
  • a computer program eg, implemented as one or more programs running on one or more computer systems
  • implemented as one or more programs running on one or more processors eg, implemented as one or One or more programs running on a plurality of microprocessors, implemented as firmware, or substantially in any combination of the above, and those skilled in the art, in accordance with the present disclosure, will be provided with design circuitry and/or write software and / or firmware code capabilities.
  • signal bearing media include, but are not limited to, recordable media such as floppy disks, hard drives, compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), digital tapes, computer memories, and the like; and transmission-type media such as digital and / or analog communication media (eg, fiber optic cable, waveguide, wired communication link, wireless communication link, etc.).

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Abstract

提供了一种对目标进行成像的方法和射线检查系统。该方法包括：在射线源对目标的多个区域的一次扫描过程中，使射线源与该目标做相对运动；在该一次扫描过程中，射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换并具有相应的射线能量或剂量率；接收通过目标被透射或散射的射线；根据所接收的射线获得在射线源的每个工作状态下该目标的多个区域之一的部分扫描图像；以及组合所获得的部分扫描图像。利用根据本公开的方法和系统，能够在不增加成本的情况下，在一次扫描过程中兼顾被检目标的不同区域的需求，以实现对目标内多个区域的测量。

Description

对目标进行成像的方法和检查系统 技术领域
本公开涉及射线扫描成像，并且更特别地涉及对目标进行分区域成像的方法和系统。
背景技术
在X射线安全检查领域中，X射线车辆检查系统由X射线成像分系统、扫描控制分系统、运行检查分系统和辐射安全分系统组成。其中X射线成像分系统是整个系统的核心，由射线源、探测器和数据获取与控制模块组成，用来生成X射线透射和/或散射图像。在对被检集装箱/车辆进行扫描时，射线源产生高能X射线脉冲，穿透被检货物，高灵敏度探测器阵列接收X射线并将之转换成输出信号，由数据获取与控制模块实时生成一系列的数字图像信号。当整个扫描过程结束时，系统自动生成被检车辆的完整图像。
传统的射线扫描成像设备对被检目标(如车辆)的多个区域的一次扫描成像过程中(成像设备与被检目标相对运动，从被检目标的一端移动到另外一端，可为透射成像、散射成像或二者结合)，射线源处于如图1所示的单一工作状态。在扫描货物、车辆、集装箱等区域时，往往需要射线源具有足够的射线能量和剂量，以保证扫描图像清晰。而当被扫描目标特定区域内有人员存在或其他敏感目标时，如驾驶室，需限制射线能量及剂量，以确保人员或敏感目标的安全。单一工作状态下，无法在一次扫描过程中兼顾以上需求，实现对目标内多个区域的测量。
一种可能的解决方案是如图2所示的采用两个或更多个射线源(射线源1和射线源2)，分别工作在不同状态，分别对一个目标的不同区域(区域1和区域2)进行扫描成像，但此方案因为增加了射线源和成像设备的数量而导致成本较高。
发明内容
本公开的目的是采用同一射线源在一次扫描成像过程中，实现对同一目标的不同区域进行不同状态下的扫描成像。
为此，本公开提供了一种对目标进行成像的方法，包括：在射线源对目标的多个区域的一次扫描过程中，使射线源与该目标做相对运动；在该一次扫描过程中，射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换并具有相应的射线能量或剂量率；从射线源 接收通过目标被透射或散射的射线；根据所接收的射线获得在射线源的每个工作状态下该目标的多个区域之一的部分扫描图像；以及将所获得的部分扫描图像组成为该目标的完整扫描图像。
在本公开的一个实施例中，射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换包括射线源通过增加和减小射线源本身输出的射线能量或剂量率，以增加和减小该目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换。
在本公开的一个实施例中，射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换包括减小和增加射线源与该目标相对运动的速度，以增加和减小该目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换。
在本公开的一个实施例中，射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换包括射线源通过遮挡从射线源输出的射线，以改变该目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换。
在本公开的一个实施例中，包括在低能量或低剂量率下获得目标的射线敏感部分所在区域的部分扫描图像，在高能量或高剂量率下获得目标的射线不敏感部分所在区域的部分扫描图像。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述射线敏感部分包括人员，且目标的射线敏感部分所在区域包括驾驶室。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述射线非敏感部分包括货物，且目标的射线不敏感部分所在区域包括货柜。
此外，本公开还提供了一种射线检查系统，包括：射线源，在射线源对被检目标的多个区域的一次扫描过程中，射线源与被检目标做相对运动且该射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换并具有相应的射线能量或剂量率；探测器，接收通过被检目标被透射或散射的射线并将其转换为输出信号；和数据获取与成像模块，接收来自探测器的输出信号，根据该输出信号获得在射线源的每个工作状态下该目标的多个区域之一的部分扫描图像，并且组合所获得的部分扫描图像。
利用根据本公开的方法和系统，能够在不增加成本的情况下，在一次扫描过程中兼顾被检目标的不同区域的需求，以实现对目标内多个区域的测量。
附图说明
为了更完整地理解对本公开，现在结合附图对随后的说明书进行描述，其中：
图1是用一个射线源对被检目标全部区域进行扫描的示意图；
图2是用两个射线源分别对被检目标的两个区域进行扫描的示意图；
图3是根据本公开的用统一射线源对三个区域中的射线敏感目标所在区域进行扫描的示意图；
图4是根据本公开的用统一射线源对三个区域中的射线不敏感目标所在区域进行扫描的示意图；以及
图5是根据本公开的用统一射线源对三个区域中的其他射线敏感目标所在区域进行扫描的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本公开的具体实施例，应当注意，这里描述的实施例只用于举例说明，并不用于限制本公开。在以下描述中，为了提供对本公开的透彻理解，阐述了大量特定细节。然而，对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的是：不必采用这些特定细节来实行本公开。在其他实例中，为了避免混淆本公开，未具体描述公知的电路、材料或方法。
在整个说明书中，对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“一个示例”或“示例”的提及意味着：结合该实施例或示例描述的特定特征、结构或特性被包含在本公开至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书的各个地方出现的短语“在一个实施例中”、“在实施例中”、“一个示例”或“示例”不一定都指同一实施例或示例。此外，可以以任何适当的组合和/或子组合将特定的特征、结构或特性组合在一个或多个实施例或示例中。此外，本领域普通技术人员应当理解，在此提供的附图都是为了说明的目的，并且附图不一定是按比例绘制的。应当理解，当称元件“耦接到”或“连接到”另一元件时，它可以是直接耦接或耦接到另一元件或者可以存在中间元件。相反，当称元件“直接耦接到”或“直接连接到”另一元件时，不存在中间元件。相同的附图标记指示相同的元件。这里使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关列出的项目的任何和所有组合。
下面结合附图对本公开的对移动目标进行成像检查的设备进行说明。如图所示，以车辆快速检查设备作为一个实施例进行说明。下述说明只是为了结合实例对本公开进行说明，并不是为了将本公开限制于下述内容。
如上所述，在图1中，诸如射线源的成像设备与被检目标做相对运动，完成对 被检目标全部区域或部分区域进行的扫描，以及在图2中，诸如射线源的成像设备具有两套或多套成像系统，分别对被检目标的多个区域进行扫描成像。图1中的射线源工作在单一状态下，因此无法在一次扫描过程中兼顾被检目标的不同区域的需求，以实现对目标内多个区域的测量。图2所示的方案虽然满足了该需求，但因为增加了射线源的数量而增加了成本。
本公开采用一个射线源，比如加速器、X光机、人工放射源等，对目标进行检查，在一次扫描过程中，射线源可在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换，状态切换方式可为射线源本身输出射线能量或剂量率的变化、射线源与被检目标的相对运动的速度的变化或通过装置遮挡射线的方式得以实现。在每种工作状态中，包括射线源和探测器的成像设备可获得目标的部分区域扫描图像，如在低能量/低剂量率下获得人员或其他敏感目标所在区域的扫描图像，在高能量/高剂量率下获得货物所在区域的扫描图像，这些图像共同组成整个目标的扫描图像。在一次扫描过程中，成像设备与被检目标做相对运动，当到达人员或其他敏感目标所在区域时，成像设备切换为低能量/低剂量率状态进行扫描(如图3和5)，当到达其他区域时(如货物所在区域)，成像设备在短时间内切换为高能量/高剂量率状态并进行扫描(如图4)。以下将参考图3-5来详细描述本公开的具体实施方式。
图3是根据本公开的用统一射线源对两个区域中的射线敏感目标所在区域1进行扫描的示意图。图3采用统一射线源对被检目标进行扫描，当到达人员或其他敏感目标所在区域1(如司机驾驶室)时，包括射线源和探测器的成像设备切换为低能量/低剂量率状态进行扫描。在对区域1的扫描过程中，成像设备与被检对象做相对运动，从被检目标的区域1的一端移动到另外一端。从射线源输出的射线通过被检目标被透射或散射到探测器，以对被检目标的区域1进行扫描成像。此时，成像设备在低能量/低剂量率状态下对被检设备进行扫描成像。在低能量/低剂量率状态下，被检目标所接收的射线能量或剂量率较低，以确保人员或敏感目标的安全。
在本公开的一个实施例中，通过减小射线源本身输出的射线能量或剂量率以减小被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，以将成像设备切换为低能量/低剂量率状态。例如，在对区域1的扫描过程中，射线源本身输出的射线能量或剂量率可较低。在本公开的另一个实施例中，通过提高射线源与被检目标相对运动的速度以减小被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来将成像设备切换为低能量/低剂量率状态。例如，在对区域1的扫描过程中，射线源可相对被检对象运动的较快。在本公开的又一个实施例中，通 过用装置遮挡从射线源输出的射线以减小被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，将成像设备切换为低能量/低剂量率状态。例如，在对区域1的扫描过程中，射线源可被一个装置遮挡。
图4是根据本公开的用统一射线源对两个区域中的射线不敏感目标所在区域2进行扫描的示意图。图4采用统一射线源对被检目标进行扫描，当到达被检目标(如货车)的区域2(如货物所在区域)时，系统在短时间内切换为高能量/高剂量率状态并进行扫描。在对区域2的扫描过程中，包括射线源和探测器的成像设备与被检对象继续做相对运动，从被检目标的区域2的一端移动到另外一端。从射线源输出的射线通过被检目标被透射或散射到探测器，以对被检目标的区域2进行扫描成像。此时，成像设备在高能量/高剂量率状态下对被检设备进行扫描成像。在高能量/高剂量率状态下，被检目标所接收的射线能量或剂量率较高，以保证扫描图像清晰。
在本公开的一个实施例中，通过增加射线源本身输出的射线能量或剂量率以增加被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，以将成像设备切换为高能量/高剂量率状态。例如，在对区域2的扫描过程中，射线源本身输出的射线能量或剂量率可较高。在本公开的另一个实施例中，通过降低射线源与被检目标相对运动的速度以增加被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来将成像设备切换为高能量/高剂量率状态。例如，在对区域2的扫描过程中，射线源可相对被检对象运动的较慢。在本公开的又一个实施例中，通过移除遮挡从射线源输出的射线的装置以增加被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，将成像设备切换为高能量/高剂量率状态。例如，在对区域2的扫描过程中，可遮挡射线源的装置被移除。
图5是根据本公开的用统一射线源对三个区域中的其他射线敏感目标所在区域3进行扫描的示意图。图5采用统一射线源对被检目标进行扫描，当到达人员或其他敏感目标所在区域3(如货物保管员或敏感货物)时，包括射线源和探测器的成像设备切换为低能量/低剂量率状态进行扫描。在对区域3的扫描过程中，成像设备与被检对象做相对运动，从被检目标的区域3的一端移动到另外一端。从射线源输出的射线通过被检目标被透射或散射到探测器，以对被检目标的区域3进行扫描成像。此时，成像设备在低能量/低剂量率状态下对被检设备进行扫描成像。在低能量/低剂量率状态下，被检目标所接收的射线能量或剂量率较低，以确保人员或敏感目标的安全。
在本公开的一个实施例中，通过减小射线源本身输出的射线能量或剂量率以减小被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，以将成像设备切换为低能量/低剂量率状态。例 如，在对区域3的扫描过程中，射线源本身输出的射线能量或剂量率可较低。在本公开的另一个实施例中，通过提高射线源与被检目标相对运动的速度以减小被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来将成像设备切换为低能量/低剂量率状态。例如，在对区域3的扫描过程中，射线源可相对被检对象运动的较快。在本公开的又一个实施例中，通过用装置遮挡从射线源输出的射线以减小被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，将成像设备切换为低能量/低剂量率状态。例如，在对区域3的扫描过程中，射线源可被一个装置遮挡。
在本公开的一个实施方式中，选择可产生X射线的加速器或X光机作为射线源，通过调整加速器或X光机的X射线输出能量/剂量率的方法切换工作状态。当扫描特定区域(如司机驾驶室)时，加速器或X光机输出低剂量率的X射线对特定区域进行扫描，既保证司机接收到的剂量不超过法规要求或客户要求，又可对这一区域进行扫描成像。当扫描到非特定区域(如货柜)时，采用高剂量率的X射线进行扫描，获得此区域的扫描图像。
以上所说明的实施例不限于对被检目标中的两个区域进行扫描，而可以应用于两个以上的区域。相应地，包括射线源和探测器的成像设备额不限于工作在两个状态，而可以工作在两个以上的状态。例如，当被检目标具有对射线源输出的射线具有不同敏感度的三个区域，可以将成像设备切换到相应的能量/剂量率状态，比如高、中、低三个状态，高、低、高三个状态或低、高、低三个状态。
由于采用工作在不同扫描状态下的一个射线源在一次扫描过程中针对统一目标的不同区域进行扫描成像，可以对被检目标进行无遗漏扫描，而且可以兼顾敏感区域的安全和非敏感区域的清晰成像，以更好的满足查验需求。根据本公开，在一次扫描过程中完成对被检对象的不同区域的扫描成像，提高系统的工作效率。采用同一射线源对被检对象的不同区域进行扫描，与其他方案相比，成本较低。图3-5中的成像设备还可包括数据获取与成像模块(未示出)，其接收来自探测器的输出信号，根据该输出信号获得在射线源的每个工作状态下该目标的多个区域之一的部分扫描图像，并且将所获得的部分扫描图像组成为该目标的完整扫描图像。
以上的详细描述通过使用示意图、流程图和/或示例，已经阐述了检查目标的方法和设备的众多实施例。在这种示意图、流程图和/或示例包含一个或多个功能和/或操作的情况下，本领域技术人员应理解，这种示意图、流程图或示例中的每一功能和/或操作可以通过各种结构、硬件、软件、固件或实质上它们的任意组合来单独和/或共同 实现。在一个实施例中，本公开的实施例所述主题的若干部分可以通过专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、数字信号处理器(DSP)、或其他集成格式来实现。然而，本领域技术人员应认识到，这里所公开的实施例的一些方面在整体上或部分地可以等同地实现在集成电路中，实现为在一台或多台计算机上运行的一个或多个计算机程序(例如，实现为在一台或多台计算机系统上运行的一个或多个程序)，实现为在一个或多个处理器上运行的一个或多个程序(例如，实现为在一个或多个微处理器上运行的一个或多个程序)，实现为固件，或者实质上实现为上述方式的任意组合，并且本领域技术人员根据本公开，将具备设计电路和/或写入软件和/或固件代码的能力。此外，本领域技术人员将认识到，本公开所述主题的机制能够作为多种形式的程序产品进行分发，并且无论实际用来执行分发的信号承载介质的具体类型如何，本公开所述主题的示例性实施例均适用。信号承载介质的示例包括但不限于：可记录型介质，如软盘、硬盘驱动器、紧致盘(CD)、数字通用盘(DVD)、数字磁带、计算机存储器等；以及传输型介质，如数字和/或模拟通信介质(例如，光纤光缆、波导、有线通信链路、无线通信链路等)。
虽然已参照几个典型实施例描述了本公开，但应当理解，所用的术语是说明和示例性、而非限制性的术语。由于本公开能够以多种形式具体实施而不脱离公开的精神或实质，所以应当理解，上述实施例不限于任何前述的细节，而应在随附权利要求所限定的精神和范围内广泛地解释，因此落入权利要求或其等效范围内的全部变化和改型都应为随附权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种对目标进行分区域成像的方法，包括：
    在射线源对目标的多个区域的一次扫描过程中，使射线源与该目标做相对运动；
    在该一次扫描过程中，射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换并具有相应的射线能量或剂量率；
    从射线源接收通过目标被透射或散射的射线；
    根据所接收的射线获得在射线源的每个工作状态下该目标的多个区域之一的部分扫描图像；以及
    将所获得的部分扫描图像组成为该目标的完整扫描图像。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换包括射线源通过增加和减小射线源本身输出的射线能量或剂量率，以增加和减小该目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换包括减小和增加射线源与该目标相对运动的速度，以增加和减小该目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换包括射线源通过遮挡从射线源输出的射线，以改变该目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换。
  5. 如权利要求2-4之一所述的方法，包括在低能量或低剂量率下获得目标的射线敏感部分所在区域的部分扫描图像，在高能量或高剂量率下获得目标的射线不敏感部分所在区域的部分扫描图像。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其中所述射线敏感部分包括人员，且目标的射线敏感部分所在区域包括驾驶室。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的方法，所述射线非敏感部分包括货物，且目标的射线不敏感部分所在区域包括货柜。
  8. 一种射线检查系统，包括：
    射线源，在射线源对被检目标的多个区域的一次扫描过程中，射线源与被检目标做相对运动且该射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换并具有相应的射线能量或剂量率；
    探测器，从射线源接收通过被检目标被透射或散射的射线并将其转换为输出信 号；和
    数据获取与成像模块，接收来自探测器的输出信号，根据该输出信号获得在射线源的每个工作状态下该目标的多个区域之一的部分扫描图像，并且将所获得的部分扫描图像组成为该目标的完整扫描图像。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的射线检查系统，其中射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换包括射线源通过增加和减小射线源本身输出的射线能量或剂量率，以增加和减小被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的射线检查系统，其中射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换包括减小和增加射线源与被检目标相对运动的速度，以增加和减小被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换。
  11. 如权利要求8所述的射线检查系统，其中射线源在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换包括射线源通过遮挡从射线源输出的射线，以改变被检目标接收的射线能量或剂量率，来在两个或更多个工作状态中进行切换。
  12. 如权利要求9-11之一所述的射线检查系统，其中在低能量或低剂量率下获得目标的射线敏感部分所在区域的部分扫描图像，在高能量或高剂量率下获得目标的射线不敏感部分所在区域的部分扫描图像。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的射线检查系统，其中所述射线敏感部分包括人员，且目标的射线敏感部分所在区域包括驾驶室。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的射线检查系统，其中所述射线非敏感部分包括货物，且目标的射线不敏感部分所在区域包括货柜。
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CN203786061U (zh) 2014-08-20
EP2983012A2 (en) 2016-02-10
SA516370734B1 (ar) 2019-02-21
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US20160103241A1 (en) 2016-04-14
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