WO2015061863A1

WO2015061863A1 - Quadruple scaffolding cradle and structure for arrangement of a lifting system on building facades

Info

Publication number: WO2015061863A1
Application number: PCT/BR2013/000462
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alberto Emilio LOPES MOREIRA
Original assignee: Lopes Moreira Alberto Emilio
Priority date: 2013-11-01
Filing date: 2013-11-01
Publication date: 2015-05-07
Also published as: BR112013029584A2; BR112013029584B1

Abstract

Quadruple scaffolding cradle and structure for arrangement of a lifting system on building facades, in which the uprights (4) of the scaffolding cradle (1) have the adjacent columns (5) thereof joined by a straight edge (6) for guiding the cables, each housing pairs of sheaves (7) for the passage of steel cables (20), which are guided in order, below the upright (4), to wrap around the pulleys (10) with double guides, connected to gears (11) and the actuation systems thereof. For installation on the two uprights (4), the arrangement forms four points of support for the scaffolding cradle (1) with only two lifting machines (9) and four cables (20). Thus constituted, it is possible to use cables (20) of smaller thickness (diameter), which makes it possible for the pulleys (10) with dual guides and consequently the gears (11) to have a smaller diameter, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. It is thus possible to construct structures with the floors (2) without width limits. Furthermore, the sheaths (7) for guiding the steel cables (20) and the pulleys (10) with dual guides form a single traction point on each upright (4) of the scaffolding cradle (1) in order that, through the action of the respective lifting machines (9), same may be entrained or released, the vertical movement of the quadruple scaffolding cradle (1) being without oscillations and more rapid.

Description

"QUADRUPLE ROCKER AND STRUCTURE FOR ARRANGEMENT OF LIFTING SYSTEM IN PREDIABLE FACADES"

This descriptive report refers to a patent application for an adaptation made to a suspended platform for use in building facades, the structure of which has been designed to have four supports, one at each of its vertices, through sets of pulleys. which support and guide four lifting and supporting steel cables connected to two machines (manual or motorized), each pulling two cables simultaneously, this equipment is called "Quadruple Rocker".

The equipment consists of a platform, lifting system and safety system. The platform is formed by two mullions, two sides and a floor (or association of sides and floors, depending on the desired length). The lifting system consists of two machines that can be manually or motorized, four steel cables responsible for the support and vertical movement of the rocker (one pair connected to each of the machines) and two support and steering ropes, located on the platform mullions. The safety system consists of fall arresters and unique wire ropes (properly fixed to the façade) and acts only in case of any failure in the lifting system to ensure the integrity of the operators and equipment.

The four lifting and supporting steel wire ropes are properly secured to the building (top) and stretched along the building's facade. The cables run through the platform through the support and cable routing risers, enter the machines (fixed to the risers) and then protrude off the platform. The four cables reach the platform vertices through the peripheral pulleys of the support and steering rails. These pulleys generate the supports at the platform vertices and direct the cables to the internal pulleys, which in turn direct them two by two to two lifting machines, which pull their two cables simultaneously. After passing through the machines, the cables remain stretched on the facade.

The four supported vertices allow the platform to be firm, without oscillations and without limiting width (the width of existing equipment is limited and inadequate for the services and tools used, as will be shown), favoring the safety, quality and speed of the work to be done. be executed. In addition, because the platform is supported by twice as many cables as existing systems (which have only two lift or lift ropes), they have a smaller diameter (approximately half), enabling a lifting system (machine) considerably more compact and lighter and therefore less expensive. The difference in cost is due to the size of the hoisting machine being made as a function of wire rope diameter, since wire rope has a minimum winding or twisting diameter relative to its own diameter (the smaller the cable diameter smaller its minimum winding diameter) to ensure its integrity over repeated use. Thus the machine can be more compact and lightweight, being more economical in relation to both the raw material and the machining of the parts. The value of the four wire ropes of The support and vertical movement used by the quadruple rocker is equal to the value of the two cables used by the rocker arms on the market, because the diameter is half.

The so-called "Quadruple Rocker" equipment is innovative both in terms of its features, which are more suitable and safer for service performed at heights, and in terms of cost, efficiency and practicality due to a lighter and more compact lifting system. .

TECHNICAL STATE

As is well known, civil construction - especially building, demands equipment that meets your needs and meets ergonomic and safety requirements.

In the case of building facades, as is also well known, rockers (or suspended platforms) made up of a platform are used, lifting machines attached to wire ropes which, in turn, are properly fixed to the roof of the building that will have some work performed on its facade (construction, maintenance or installations). Through lifting machines, manual or motorized, the steel cables are relieved or pulled and thus perform the vertical movement of the platform on the façade.

A rocker well known by the construction industry is the double machine rocker. This equipment, shown in Figure 1 in the state of the art of this patent application, has a stable platform without oscillations, but requires a large number of machines and equipment. Each set consists of two machines, each with its handle, and locks that connect them and support the floor and railing made of wood. The maximum space between sets (span) is one and a half meters and a rocker up to one and a half meters has four machines (two sets) and a seven and a half meter rocker has twelve machines (six sets). This equipment is no longer used due to the large number of machines and the time spent in their vertical movement and assembly and disassembly, and is ecologically incorrect due to the use of wood.

Other equipment on the market has variations only in the type of drive (manual or motorized and / or mode of pulling the cables by the lifting machines). As exemplified by prior art Figure 2 of this patent application, a rocker is made up of a platform, lifting system and safety system. The platform consists of two mullions, two sides and one floor (or association of sides and floors). The lifting system consists of two machines that can be manually or motorized and only two lifting and supporting steel cables, each connected to a machine. Each machine is fixed to a platform riser and the wire ropes properly attached to the roof of the building. The safety system is comprised of different types of fall arrest (located on machines or platform headers) and unique wire ropes and acts only in the event of any defect in the lifting system, ensuring the integrity of workers and equipment. Because this system has only two points of support (two lifting and supporting wire ropes), the platform has an equilibrium line formed by the same. This generates oscillations and instability, as shown in Figure 2A, and a platform width limit that is inadequate for the services performed, since the larger the platform width, the greater the instability and oscillations to which it will be subjected. These characteristics are detrimental to both the quality and speed of the services to be performed, as well as the safety of workers and equipment.

PATENT OBJECTIVE

The purpose of the rocker in question is the formation, made possible by the design of its lifting and support system, of four support points for the platform with two machines, meeting the needs of construction use and respecting the ergonomic and safety standards.

The quadruple rocker consists of a platform, the lifting system and the safety system. The platform consists of two mullions, two sides and one floor (or combination of sides and floors, according to the desired platform length). The lifting system consists of two machines (each attached to an upstream), which can be manually or motorized, four wire ropes (lifting and holding, one pair attached to each of the machines) and two slings. cable support and routing (each formed by four pulleys, located two at the ends and two at the center of each mullion). The safety system is comprised of fall arresters (located on the machines or platform risers) and unique wire ropes and only acts in case of any failure of the lifting system, ensuring the integrity of the workers and of equipment.

The four lifting and supporting steel wire ropes are properly secured to the building (top) and stretched along the building's facade. The cables run through the platform through the support and routing strips on the risers, enter the machines (attached to the risers) and then protrude out of the platform. The four cables reach the platform vertices through the peripheral pulleys of the support and steering rails. These pulleys generate the supports at the platform vertices and route the cables to the internal pulleys, which in turn direct each pair of cable to the same lifting machine, ensuring that they are pulled simultaneously (two by two). Each machine consists of gears and pulleys with traction grooves for two wire ropes and a drive system. This system allows the baiancim to have four support points located at the vertices of the platform, each lifting and supporting cable being responsible for a support. After passing through the machines, the cables remain stretched on the facade.

The cost of Baiancim Quadruple, even with all the improvements developed, is lower than the existing equipment. This is due to the four support points (four lifting and supporting steel cables), which make it possible to employ, by the weight distribution obtained, thinner steel cables (diameter), because the cable effort falls in half in relation to the commercial rocker arms (which only have two lift and support cables). These thinner lift and lift cables reduce the cost of the lift system and equipment, Since the cost of the four cables used in the Quadruple Rocker is equivalent to the cost of the two cables used in the existing rocker machines, the machines are significantly more compact and lightweight and therefore more economical in terms of both raw material and machining. This is because lifting machine parts are sized based on the diameter of the wire rope, as they have a minimum winding or twisting diameter that is relative to their own diameter (the smaller the cable diameter, the smaller its minimum cable diameter. winding) to ensure integrity throughout repeated use.

In addition to greater safety for workers and equipment, the rocker in question also enables, by forming the four support points, that the platform does not have a width limit, and therefore can have an appropriate width, contributing to a better quality work. and speed (existing rockers have a width limit that is inadequate to the services performed, because the larger the platform width the greater the oscillations and instability they present).

In short, the Quadruple Rocker is a equipment with a more compact lifting system and lower cost of manufacture and that presents significant improvements in the quality and speed of the services performed and also the safety involved in its use, innovating the concept of rockers hitherto known.

Superficially explained, it passes the rocker and its structure, as well as the system that surrounds it, to be further detailed through the accompanying drawings. The following related figures, 1 and 2, refer to the above state of the art:

Figure 1 - perspective view of the Double Rocker or Double Machine scaffolding, showing a platform with four support points, but requiring four machines (ratchet type) for the four wire ropes. In this type of rocker (double machine), the maximum spacing between the sets (each consisting of two machines and the latches) is one and a half meters, and it is necessary for a platform of seven and a half six sets (twelve machines with twelve cables), which makes this equipment heavy, slow and bulky. In addition, the platform's work floor and railing are made of wood, making their assembly more laborious and generating waste (rubble);

Figure 2 - perspective view of the system of a commercially available hand-operated rocker (hand machine or crank), consisting of a platform (two mullions, two sides and one floor), two hand-operated machines, two lifting cables (one on each machine) and two security cables (one on each machine). Lifting and lifting ropes are shown in black solid line and safety ropes are shown in dashed line, connected to different types of fall arresters (not shown in the figure). The turn (instability) to which the platform is subjected is represented by the curved arrows. The internal dashed nail, along the curved arrows that represent the gyrus, is the transposition of the equilibrium limit offered by the two support points (from one cable to the other), which determines the instability in the existing platforms. Figure 2A schematically shows the platform and how the spin problem occurs (curved arrows).

The following drawings, from 3 to 7, refer to the claimed Quadruple Rocker:

Figure 3 - Perspective view of a building, showing two Quadruple Rockers, each with its platform supported by four lifting and supporting steel cables, anchored from suitable points on the building's ceiling (in this figure by means of beams) and stretched along the facade of the building;

Figure 4 - Perspective view of the Quadruple Rocker, whose structure has, as a new project, the adjacent columns of its two mullions, joined by the support ruler and cable routing. Further down the mullion is the machine support and mounting frame. The steel cables, once attached to the roof of the building, are passed two by two by the cable support and steering strips, which generate the supports at the platform vertices and direct each pair of cables to a single machine fixed upstream. Figure 4A shows schematically the vertices of the Quadruple Rocker structure receiving the four support points (four cables) that converge to two tensile points (two machines), one in each upstream, eliminating the problem of existing platform rotation in existing rockers. in the market;

Figure 5 - view of the previous figure showing, in enlarged detail A, one of the cable support and direction strips that joins two adjacent columns of the upstream, formed by two pairs of peripheral and internal pulleys, which are responsible for generating the supports. at the vertices of the platform and by routing the cables to the machine, fixed to the mullion support frame, below the ruler. Each machine, which can be manually or motor-driven, consists of gears and pulleys that simultaneously move both wire ropes. The wire ropes run through the pulleys and are routed centrally and inferiorly, each pair, to their respective machine, and then projecting inferiorly below the rocker floor and extended into the building facade;

Figure 6 - view according to the previous figure, showing, in enlarged detail B, the cable support and steering strip with one of its parts removed, exposing the two pairs of pulleys. As can be seen, the two steel cables are passed through the peripheral pulleys, converge to the internal pulleys and follow directed centrally and parallel to the pulleys of the machine responsible for their simultaneous movement;

Figure 7 - perspective view, showing a detached riser of the new structure, whose columns are joined by the support and cable routing ruler, as well as the supporting frame of the machine, also detached. In this amount, the arrangement of the pairs of pulleys and the lifting machine (double-guide toothed pulleys), in this manual figure, are shown to show the interconnection made by the steel cables, forming the lifting system with four support points to from the vertices of the platform structure.

In accordance with the accompanying drawings, the "QUADRUPLE ROCKER AND STRUCTURE FOR ARRANGEMENT OF PREDIABLE FAILURE LIFTING SYSTEM", the subject matter of this application, It is constituted from a rocker (1) composed of a floor (2) surrounded by the sides (3) and the mullions (4) that have their adjacent columns (5) joined by a support and steering cable ruler (6 ), each ruler (6) housing two pairs of pulleys (7), said pairs (7) arranged in the form of two peripheral pulleys (7a) and two internal pulleys (7b), facing each other.

Still on each of the two struts (4) of the structure, below its support and cable routing ruler (6), the corresponding support frame is fixed.

(8), each receiver of a lifting machine (9) composed of double guide pulleys (10) that move the coupled cables to the gears that form the drive system (11), which in this specific example is manual.

In each of the frames (4) of the structure, by the peripheral pulleys (7a) of the support and direction ruler (6), the respective steel cable (20) is passed and both said cables (20) converge to the internal pulleys (7b). ) extending centrally, parallel and inferiorly into the lifting machine

(9) attached to the support frame (8) of the mullion (4) and both being passed by the double guide pulleys (10), said cables (20) then projecting inferiorly below the rocker floor (2) (1).

Such arrangement described above is installed to the rest of the structure, two sides (3) and a floor (2), forming the Quadruple Rocker (1) which, thus constituted, will have its four steel cables (20) fixed in points (P) suitable from the ceiling (T) of the building (E) whose facade will be worked, as shown in the figure.

Thus, once installed for work, the rocker (1) remains with four support points from each of the vertices, with the passage of the steel cables (20) through the peripheral pulleys (7a) of the support ruler and the cable direction (6) and which, after converging to the central pulleys (7b) are directed to both machines (9) below.

With these four lift points, the wire ropes (20) are less stringent and may have a smaller thickness (smaller diameter), the four ropes used on the Quadruple Rocker being of equivalent value to the two ropes used on existing rocker arms. Thicker cables allow the pulleys (10) and consequently the drive system gears (11) to be smaller (each cable diameter has a minimum diameter that can be wound), the lifting machine (9) being consequently Rocker (1) has lower manufacturing costs than existing equipment.

Also, due to the four points of support, the width of the floor (2) may be larger, and there is no width limitation, since stabilization and support are guaranteed, since there is no more rotation in the platform.

By penetrating the support frame (8) and wrapping the double guide pulleys (10) connected to the drive gears (11), the wire ropes (20) form, in addition to the four support points, a single tensile point at each (4) so that, under the action of the lifting machines (9) they can be pulled or released by raising or lowering the rocker (l).

Should damage to the lifting system occur, the safety system consisting of fall arrest (21) and safety cables (22) ensures the integrity of the rocker (1), workers and equipment. The number of systems of Security and location may vary depending on platform type and application.

With the proposed system, the turning problem is eradicated, allowing the worker a better balance, stability and safety and a platform of adequate dimensions, representing a significant change in the execution of the service, regarding time and quality as well as safety. reduce manufacturing costs.

Lifting machines, as already mentioned, can have their motorized lifting system, the gears and pulleys with cable pull grooves are driven by electric motor, or manual, crank driven system, as illustrated equipment.

Claims

1) "B ALANCTM QUADRUPLE AND LIFTING ARRANGEMENT FRAMEWORK", consisting of a rocker (1) composed of floor (2) surrounded by sides (3) whose two mullions (4) have their adjacent columns (5) characterized in that they are joined by a cable support and steering strip (6), each of which (6) houses two pairs of pulleys (7), said pairs (7) arranged in the form of two peripheral pulleys (7a). and two inner pulleys (7b), facing each other, further lowering also on each of the two risers (4) a lifting machine (9) attached to the support frame (8) and composed of guide pulleys pairs (10) coupled to a drive system (11).

2) "QUADUPLE ROCKER AND LIFTING ARRANGEMENT STRUCTURE" according to claim 1, characterized in that the peripheral sheaves (7a) of the cable guide strip (6) are passed through the respective wire rope (20) and both said cables (20) of each mullion (4) converge to the inner sheaves (7b), extending centrally, parallel and inferiorly, penetrating the support frame (8) and both being passed by the double guide pulleys (10), connected to motorized or manually driven gears (11), said steel cables (20) projecting, then, inferiorly, below the rocker floor (2) (1).

3) "PRECEDURE LIFTING SYSTEM" according to claims 1 and 2, after the wire ropes (20) anchored at suitable points (P) from the roof (T) of the building (E), the rocker ( 1) has four support points from each of its vertices, characterized by the passage of said cables (20) through the peripheral pulleys (7a) of the guide rails (6) and which, after converging to the internal pulleys (7b), are directed towards both of them. the lifting machines (9) below.

4) "PRECEDURE LIFTING SYSTEM" according to claims 1, 2 and 3, the wire ropes (20), after penetrating the support frame (8) and wrapping the double guide pulleys (10) connected to the system (11), characterized in that they form a single pull point on each rocker arm (4) upstream (4), so that, under the action of the respective drive system (11) of its two lifting machines (9) be pulled or released, making the rocker move vertically (1).

5) "QUADUPLE ROCKER AND STRUCTURE FOR ARRANGEMENT OF PREDIABLE FAILURE LIFTING SYSTEM" according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that the four support points formed enable the construction of the rocker (1) without width limits. to the floor (2) and its structure (3).