WO2015051740A1 - 盘式发电机 - Google Patents

盘式发电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015051740A1
WO2015051740A1 PCT/CN2014/088158 CN2014088158W WO2015051740A1 WO 2015051740 A1 WO2015051740 A1 WO 2015051740A1 CN 2014088158 W CN2014088158 W CN 2014088158W WO 2015051740 A1 WO2015051740 A1 WO 2015051740A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil
group
magnet
fixing
plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/088158
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张宏峰
Original Assignee
张宏峰
罗彪
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US15/028,475 priority Critical patent/US10110105B2/en
Priority to MX2016004516A priority patent/MX365142B/es
Priority to NZ719864A priority patent/NZ719864A/en
Priority to AU2014334291A priority patent/AU2014334291B2/en
Priority to EP14852120.6A priority patent/EP3073611B1/en
Priority to SG11201602821UA priority patent/SG11201602821UA/en
Priority to KR1020167012195A priority patent/KR101816042B1/ko
Priority to RU2016117961A priority patent/RU2627031C1/ru
Application filed by 张宏峰, 罗彪 filed Critical 张宏峰
Priority to JP2016517484A priority patent/JP2016533143A/ja
Priority to ES14852120T priority patent/ES2759918T3/es
Priority to CA2926870A priority patent/CA2926870C/en
Publication of WO2015051740A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015051740A1/zh
Priority to PH12016500654A priority patent/PH12016500654A1/en
Priority to IL245021A priority patent/IL245021A0/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/26—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with rotating armatures and stationary magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
    • H02K1/182—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to stators axially facing the rotor, i.e. with axial or conical air gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/26—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors consisting of printed conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/47—Air-gap windings, i.e. iron-free windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/003—Couplings; Details of shafts

Definitions

  • This invention relates to generators, and more particularly to disk generators.
  • a conventional generator generally includes a stator core wound around an enameled wire coil, and a ring-shaped magnetic pole rotor made of permanent magnet magnetic steel coaxially disposed around the stator core.
  • This annular pole rotor uses a large amount of magnetic steel, which is costly; the coil structure on the stator core is very crowded and the wiring is troublesome.
  • a disc generator has appeared.
  • the existing disc generator has a magnetic steel glue attached to the upper and lower end covers, and the armature is rotatably disposed between the upper and lower end covers, however, the existing disc type
  • the armature of the generator does not use the substrate to glue the coil, and the coil is simply glued together. This treatment results in uneven thickness of the coil winding, which in turn causes unstable rotation of the armature and requires more power supply. The space that pivots.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a disk generator in view of the high cost of existing generators and the troublesome wiring.
  • the present invention provides a disk generator including a first housing and a second housing; the first housing and the second housing are fastened together to form an accommodation space; a shaft hole is respectively defined in the middle of the first housing and the second housing, wherein the disc generator further includes a first magnet group and a second magnet fixedly disposed in the accommodating space
  • the first magnet group includes a plurality of plate-shaped first magnets that are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals on the same plane
  • the second magnet group includes a plurality of circumferentially arranged equidistantly on the same plane.
  • a second magnet of a plate shape a plane in which the first magnet group is located and a plane in which the second magnet group is located are parallel to each other, and an arrangement direction of two magnetic poles of any of the first magnets is perpendicular to the first a plane in which the magnet group is located, an arrangement direction of two magnetic poles of any of the second magnets being perpendicular to a plane in which the second magnet group is located, forming a same between the first magnet group and the second magnet group Magnetic field
  • An armature parallel to a plane of the first magnet group is disposed between the first magnet group and the second magnet group; the armature includes a disk shape parallel to a plane of the first magnet group a rotating shaft; the two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably disposed at the two sides of the rotating shaft; In the shaft hole;
  • the plate is further fixedly mounted at the center of the plate with a plurality of coils which are arranged between the first magnet group and the second magnet group and are arranged at equal intervals on the same plane; the coil is a spiral shape, the plane in which it is located is parallel to the plate; the plurality of coils are electrically connected together and generate a uniform alternating current through the rotation of the armature.
  • the first fixing groove corresponding to the first magnet group and the second magnet group are respectively disposed on the inner walls of the first housing and the second housing a second fixing groove; the plurality of first magnets are fixedly fitted in the first fixing groove to constitute the first magnet group; and the plurality of second magnets are fixedly fitted in the second In the fixing groove, the second magnet group is composed.
  • the plate has a disk shape parallel to a plane of the first magnet group, and a central portion is provided with a columnar fixed platform coaxially connected to the plate; a fixing hole penetrating the plate is further provided upward;
  • the rotating shaft includes a cylindrical shaft core seat and a columnar shaft core; the shaft core seat is axially provided with a first fixing flange corresponding to the fixing hole at one end, and the first bearing is fixedly sleeved at the other end. And rotatably passing through the shaft hole of the second outer casing; one end of the shaft core is axially opened with a third fixing groove, and the other end is rotatably disposed through the first outer casing a fourth fixing groove for fixing the core to the output shaft of the motor in the axial hole;
  • the first fixing flange on the shaft core seat is fixedly inserted through the fixing hole and penetrates the plate; the first fixing flange is fixedly penetrated through a portion extending from the plate.
  • the two bearings are fixedly disposed in the third fixing groove of the shaft core.
  • a plurality of wave teeth extending in the same direction from the axial center of the fixing table and extending in the same direction on the same plane and extending in the axial direction are provided on the side surface of the fixing table.
  • each of the two adjacent wave teeth on a side of the fixing table forms a resisting surface for the coil to abut;
  • the plate is disposed at a position outside the fixed table to provide a plurality of a center of the plate is a center, a second fixing flange that is circumferentially arranged on the same plane and corresponding to the wave teeth; the resisting surface between each two adjacent wave teeth And the two second fixing flanges corresponding to the two adjacent wave teeth respectively form a fixing cavity for fixing the coil, so that the outer edges of the coil respectively abut against the fixing table
  • the abutting surface and the corresponding sidewalls of the adjacent two second fixing flanges are examples of the adjacent two second fixing flanges.
  • the board is provided with a pad group including three pads for current output; each of the coils has a center tap drawn from the middle of the coil And an edge tap drawn from the edge of the coil;
  • All of the coils fixed to the board have the same winding direction and are divided into a first coil group, a second coil group, and a third coil group, the first coil group, the second coil group, and the
  • the third coil group includes the same number of coils, and the coils of the first coil group, the coils of the second coil group, and the coils of the third coil group are alternately arranged a center tap of a first coil of the first coil group, a center tap of a first coil of the second coil group, and a center tap of a first coil of the third coil group Electrically connected together; an edge tap of a first coil of the first coil group is electrically connected to a center tap of a next coil of the first coil group, and thereafter each of the first coil groups The edge taps of the coil are electrically connected to the center tap of the latter coil, and the edge tap of the last coil of the first coil group is electrically connected to one of the pads in the pad group; The edge of the first coil in the second coil group The head is electrically connected to the
  • the number of the first magnets in the first magnet group is an even number, and the number of the coils fixed on the board is larger than that in the first magnet group The number of first magnets is described.
  • the ratio of the number of the coils fixed to the board to the number of the first magnets in the first magnet group is 3:2.
  • the disc generator of the present invention employs a plate, and the coils are evenly arranged circumferentially on the plate.
  • This structure causes the armature to rotate more stably, minimizing the distance between the first magnet group and the second magnet group. Also, the generation of heat is reduced, and by this structure, the generator does not generate a phase shift voltage, but directly outputs a maximum voltage value; further, in the present invention, the number of coils fixed on the board and the first magnet The ratio of the number of first magnets in the group is 3:2.
  • This structure makes the armature not subject to magnetoresistance. Influence, the rotation is more stable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view showing an embodiment of a disk generator of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the first magnet or the second magnet shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the first magnet shown in Figure 1 and a second magnet opposite the first magnet;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the disk generator shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the armature shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase voltage outputted by the disk generator shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase AC voltage outputted by the disk generator shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG 8 is a schematic view showing the ballasted output voltage of the output of the disk generator shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of the output voltage of the ballasted merged output of the disc generator shown in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a disk generator of the present invention, including a first housing 110 and a second housing 120; the first housing 110 and the second housing 120 are fastened together, The first housing 110 and the second housing 120 are respectively provided with shaft holes 111, 121;
  • the disk generator further includes a first magnet group 130 and a second magnet group 131 fixedly disposed in the accommodating space;
  • the first magnet group 130 includes a plurality of circumferentially arranged equidistantly on the same plane.
  • a plate-shaped first magnet 132a the second magnet group 131 includes a plurality of plate-shaped second magnets 132b that are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals on the same plane; a plane in which the first magnet group 130 is located and a second magnet group
  • the planes in which 131 are located are parallel to each other; referring to FIG.
  • the arrangement direction of the two magnetic poles of any of the first magnets 132a is perpendicular to the plane in which the first magnet group 130 is located, and the arrangement direction of the two magnetic poles of any of the second magnets 132b is perpendicular to a plane in which the second magnet group 131 is located; see FIG. 3, a magnetic field in the same direction is formed between the first magnet group 130 and the second magnet group 131;
  • the first fixing slot 112 corresponding to the first magnet group 130 and the second fixing slot corresponding to the second magnet group 131 are respectively disposed on the inner walls of the first housing 110 and the second housing 120. 122.
  • the plurality of first magnets 132a are fixedly fitted in the first fixing groove 112 to form the first magnet group 130; the plurality of second magnets 132b are fixedly fitted in the second fixing groove 122 to form the second magnet group.
  • the first magnet 132a and the second magnet 132b are each made of a neodymium boron iron magnet;
  • the first magnet group 130 is composed of 12 first magnets 132a, and the second magnet group 131 is composed of 12 second magnets 132b.
  • the first magnet group 130 and the second magnet group 131 embedded in the accommodating space formed by the first housing 110 and the second housing 120 are attracted to each other by a suction force greater than 1000 lb (lb), so the first housing Both the 110 and the second housing 120 are scientifically designed to be stamped from metal to withstand the suction of 1000 LB or more with a minimum of material.
  • a disk-shaped armature 140 parallel to the plane of the first magnet group 130 is disposed between the first magnet group 130 and the second magnet group 131;
  • the armature 140 includes a disk-shaped and first magnet a rotating plate 150 is fixedly mounted by a screw or a pin in the middle of the plate 141; the two ends of the rotating shaft 150 are rotatably disposed in the shaft holes 111, 121;
  • the plate 141 is in the shape of a disk, and the phenolic resin (bakelite) is used as a raw material, and the urotropine is cured by a curing agent, and has excellent heat resistance, flame resistance, water resistance and insulation.
  • the plate 141 is not limited to being made of bakelite, as long as materials having heat resistance, flame resistance, and insulation can be used as the material for manufacturing the plate 141, so that the plate 141 is in a complicated outdoor weather condition (such as hot weather). In the case of acid rain, etc.).
  • a complicated outdoor weather condition such as hot weather.
  • the board 141 is printed with a circuit made of copper foil, parallel to the plane of the first magnet group 130, and a column-shaped fixing platform 142 coaxially connected to the board 141 is disposed in the middle portion thereof; There is a fixing hole 143 penetrating the plate 141.
  • the rotating shaft 150 includes a cylindrical shaft core seat 151 and a columnar shaft core 152 .
  • the shaft core seat 151 is axially disposed at one end with a first fixing flange 153 corresponding to the fixing hole 143 .
  • the other end is fixedly sleeved with a first bearing 154 and rotatably disposed in the shaft hole 121 of the second outer casing 120; one end of the shaft core 152 is axially opened with a third fixing groove 155, and the other end is rotatably worn.
  • the fourth fixing groove 156 is defined in the shaft hole 111 of the first outer casing 110 and is fixed in the axial direction for fixing the shaft core 152 to the output shaft of the motor (not shown); thus, referring to FIG. 4,
  • the rotating shaft 150 sequentially passes through the shaft holes 111 and 121, so that the accommodating space formed by the first housing 110 and the second housing 120 is a sealed space, which has superior waterproof performance and is free from the accommodating space.
  • the problem of oxidized rust of the parts improves the durability of the disc generator.
  • the first fixing flange 153 on the shaft core seat 151 is fixedly disposed in the fixing hole 143 and penetrates the board
  • the portion of the first fixing flange 153 extending through the plate 141 is fixedly disposed on the second bearing 157 and fixedly disposed in the third fixing groove 155 of the shaft core 152 to fix the rotating shaft 150.
  • the armature 140 is rotatable relative to the first magnet set 130 and the second magnet set 131 by the rotating shaft 150.
  • a plurality of coils 160 between the first magnet group 130 and the second magnet group 131 are fixedly mounted on the plate 141 at the center of the plate 141.
  • Each of the coils 160 has a planar spiral shape, and all the coils 160 are The cloths are arranged on the same plane and arranged in a circumferential shape at equal intervals. The plane in which all of the coils 160 are located is parallel to the plate 141.
  • the side surface of the fixing table 142 is provided with a plurality of wave teeth 144 which are centered on the axis of the fixing table 142 and are circumferentially arranged in the same plane and extending in the axial direction; A portion of each of the two adjacent wave teeth 144 on the side of the fixing table 142 forms a resisting surface 145 for the coil 160 to abut; the plate 141 is provided with a plurality of plates 141 at a position outside the fixing table 142.
  • the center is a center, a second fixing flange 146 which is circumferentially arranged on the same plane and corresponding to the wave teeth 144; a resisting surface 145 between each two adjacent wave teeth 144 and the two
  • the two second fixing flanges 146 of the adjacent wave teeth 144 respectively form a fixing cavity 147 for fixing the coil 160, so that the outer edges of the coil 160 respectively abut against the abutting surface 145 of the fixing table 142.
  • corresponding sidewalls of the adjacent two second fixing flanges 146 are corresponding sidewalls of the adjacent two second fixing flanges 146.
  • the fixed cavity 147 is further provided with a straight strip-shaped positioning flange 148 for positioning the coil 160, the middle portion of the coil 160 is adhered to the positioning flange 148 by glue; 18 coils 160 are fixed on the plate 141;
  • the ratio of the number of coils 160 to the number of first magnets 132a in the first magnet group 130 is 3:2.
  • a plurality of coils 160 are electrically connected to each other through a circuit on the board 141, and an alternating current of a uniform direction is generated by the rotation of the armature 140.
  • the circuit 141 may not be printed on the board, and a plurality of fixing holes or slots are disposed on the board 141 to respectively fix the plurality of coils 160, and the plurality of coils 160 are electrically connected together by wires.
  • the board 141 is provided with a pad group 200 including three pads 210 for current output; each coil 160 has a central spiral from the coil 160 (ie, a plane spiral) The central tap of the structure near the center of the spiral) and the edge taps leading from the edge of the coil 160.
  • All of the coils 160 fixed on the plate 141 are wound in the same direction and are divided into a first coil group, a second coil group, and a third coil group, the first coil group and the second coil group.
  • the third coil group includes the same number of the coils 160, and the coil 160 of the first coil group, the coil 160 of the second coil group, and the coil 160 of the third coil group Alternatingly arranged in a circumferential shape; a center tap of the first coil 160 in the first coil group, a center tap of the first coil 160 in the second coil group, and a first one in the third coil group
  • the center taps of one coil 160 are electrically connected together; the edge tap of the first coil 160 in the first coil group is electrically connected to the center tap of the next coil 160 in the first coil group, and thereafter An edge tap of each of the coils 160 in the first coil group is electrically connected to a center tap of the latter coil 160, and an edge tap of the last coil 160 in the first coil group is in the pad group 200
  • the circuit printed on the board 141 includes a plurality of spiral circuit segments 149 arranged in a circumferential shape, and the two ends of each of the spiral circuit segments 149 correspond to the two coils 160 between the phases.
  • the disk generator provided by the present invention outputs three-phase AC voltages V1, V2, and V3 through the pad group 200, as shown in FIG. 7, and then undergoes ballasting to obtain voltages V1' and V2 as shown in FIG. 'And V3', the final voltages V1', V2' and V3' merge to form the output voltage of the disk generator as shown in Fig. 9.
  • the output voltage of the disk generator is very stable.
  • a plurality of smaller-sized plate-shaped magnets 132a, 132b are used instead of the present.
  • the larger annular magnetic pole rotor generates a magnetic field, which reduces the total amount of magnet material used, which is beneficial to reduce the cost.
  • a plurality of helical coils 160 distributed in the same plane are used instead of the cylindrical coils having a three-dimensional structure and a large volume in the prior art, which is advantageous for reducing the overall size and facilitating assembly.
  • the disc generator employs a plate 141, and the coils 160 are evenly circumferentially arranged on the plate 141.
  • This structure causes the armature 140 to rotate more stably, between the first magnet group 130 and the second magnet group 131. The distance is minimized, heat generation is also reduced, and by this configuration, the generator does not generate a phase shift voltage, but directly outputs a maximum voltage value; further, in the present invention, the first magnet group 130 is first.
  • the number of the magnets 132a is an even number, and the number of the coils 160 fixed on the board 141 is larger than the number of the first magnets 132a in the first magnet group 130.
  • the ratio of the number of coils 160 fixed on the board 141 to the number of the first magnets 132a in the first magnet group 130 is 3:2, and the structure makes the armature 140 not subject to magnetic The resistance is affected and the rotation is smoother.
  • the ratio of the number of coils 160 fixed on the board 141 to the number of the first magnets 132a in the first magnet group 130 may also be greater than 3:2, in which case the efficiency of the disc generator may be reduced. But the output voltage will be more stable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

一种盘式发电机，包括第一壳体(110)和第二壳体(120)；第一壳体和第二壳体扣合地固定在一起，围成一容置空间；盘式发电机还包括设置于容置空间中的第一磁体组(130)和第二磁体组(131)；第一磁体组(130)所在的平面和第二磁体组(131)所在的平面平行，在第一磁体组和第二磁体组(131)之间形成同向的磁场；第一磁体组(130)和第二磁体组(131)之间设有与该第一磁体组(130)所在平面平行的电枢(140)；电枢包括板(141)；板(141)上还以该板(141)中心固定安装有多个在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状的线圈(160)；线圈呈螺旋状，其所在平面与该板(141)平行；多个线圈通过板(141)上的电路彼此电性连接。该盘式发电机中的电枢(140)不会受到磁阻影响，旋转平稳。

Description

盘式发电机 技术领域
本发明涉及发电机，尤其涉及盘式发电机。
背景技术
传统发电机一般包括绕有漆包线线圈的定子铁芯，以及环形的由永磁磁钢制成的同轴设置在该定子铁芯外围的磁极转子。这种环形的磁极转子使用了大量的磁钢，成本较高；在定子铁芯上的线圈结构十分拥挤，布线麻烦。
在此背景下，出现了盘式发电机，现有的盘式发电机把磁钢胶贴在上、下端盖上，电枢可旋转地设置在上、下端盖之间，然而现有盘式发电机的电枢没有采用基板来胶贴线圈，线圈仅仅是简单的胶黏在一起，这种处理方式，导致线圈绕制厚薄不均，进而导致电枢旋转不稳定，需要提供更大的供电枢旋转的空间。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有发电机成本较高，布线麻烦的情况，提供一种盘式发电机。
本发明解决其技术问题的技术方案是：
本发明提供了一种盘式发电机，包括第一壳体和第二壳体；所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体扣合地固定在一起，围成一容置空间；所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体中部分别开设有轴孔，其特征在于，所述盘式发电机还包括固定地设置于所述容置空间中的第一磁体组和第二磁体组；所述第一磁体组包括在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状的多个板状的第一磁体，所述第二磁体组包括在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状的多个板状的第二磁体；所述第一磁体组所在的平面和所述第二磁体组所在的平面相互平行，任一所述第一磁体的两个磁极的排列方向垂直于所述第一磁体组所在的平面，任一所述第二磁体的两个磁极的排列方向垂直于所述第二磁体组所在的平面，在所述第一磁体组和所述第二磁体组之间形成同向的磁场；
所述第一磁体组和所述第二磁体组之间设有盘状的与该第一磁体组所在平面平行的电枢；该电枢包括盘状的与该第一磁体组所在平面平行的板；该板中部轴向上固定地安装有旋转轴；该旋转轴两端分别可旋转地穿设于所述 轴孔中；
所述板上还以该板中心固定安装有多个处于所述第一磁体组和所述第二磁体组之间，并在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状的线圈；所述线圈呈螺旋状，其所在的平面与该板平行；所述多个线圈电性连接在一起，并通过所述电枢的旋转产生方向一致的交变电流。
本发明上述的盘式发电机中，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体的内壁上分别开设有与所述第一磁体组对应的第一固定槽和所述第二磁体组对应的第二固定槽；所述多个第一磁体固定地嵌合在所述第一固定槽中，组成所述第一磁体组；所述多个第二磁体固定地嵌合在所述第二固定槽中，组成所述第二磁体组。
本发明上述的盘式发电机中，所述板呈圆盘状，平行于所述第一磁体组所在平面，其中部设置有柱状的与该板同轴连接的固定台；所述板中部轴向上还开设有贯穿该板的固定孔；
所述旋转轴包括柱状的轴芯座以及柱状的轴芯；该轴芯座一端轴向上设置有与所述固定孔对应的第一固定凸缘，另一端固定地套设有第一轴承，并可旋转地穿设于所述第二外壳的所述轴孔中；所述轴芯一端沿轴向开设有第三固定槽，另一端可旋转地穿设于所述第一外壳上的所述轴孔中，并沿轴向开设有用于将该轴芯固定在电机输出轴上的第四固定槽；
所述轴芯座上的所述第一固定凸缘固定地穿设于所述固定孔中并贯穿所述板；该第一固定凸缘贯穿所述板伸出的部分固定地穿设在第二轴承上，并固定地穿设于所述轴芯的所述第三固定槽中。
本发明上述的盘式发电机中，所述固定台的侧面上开设有多个以该固定台的轴心为圆心，在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状且沿轴向延伸的波浪齿；该固定台的侧面上在每两个相邻的所述波浪齿之间的部分形成供所述线圈抵持的抵持面；所述板在所述固定台外侧位置设置有多个以该板的中心为圆心，在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状且与所述波浪齿相对应的第二固定凸缘；每两个相邻的所述波浪齿之间的所述抵持面以及与该两个相邻的波浪齿分别相对应的两个所述第二固定凸缘构成一用于固定所述线圈的固定腔，使该线圈的外缘分别抵持在所述固定台的所述抵持面以及对应的所述相邻两个第二固定凸缘的侧壁上。
本发明上述的盘式发电机中，所述板上设置有焊盘组，该焊盘组包括三个用于电流输出的焊盘；每个所述线圈均具有从该线圈中部引出的中央抽头以及从该线圈边缘引出的边缘抽头；
固定在所述板上的所有所述线圈的绕制方向相同，且分为第一线圈组、第二线圈组和第三线圈组，所述第一线圈组、所述第二线圈组和所述第三线圈组包含的所述线圈数量相等，且所述第一线圈组的所述线圈、所述第二线圈组的所述线圈以及所述第三线圈组的所述线圈交替地排列成圆周状；所述第一线圈组中的第一个线圈的中央抽头、所述第二线圈组中的第一个线圈的中央抽头以及所述第三线圈组中的第一个线圈的中央抽头电性连接在一起；所述第一线圈组中的第一个线圈的边缘抽头与所述第一线圈组中的下一个线圈的中央抽头电性连接，此后所述第一线圈组中每一个线圈的边缘抽头均与后一个线圈的中央抽头电性连接，所述第一线圈组中最后一个线圈的边缘抽头则与所述焊盘组中的一个所述焊盘电性连接；所述第二线圈组中的第一个线圈的边缘抽头与所述第二线圈组中的下一个线圈的中央抽头电性连接，此后所述第二线圈组中每一个线圈的边缘抽头均与后一个线圈的中央抽头电性连接，所述第二线圈组中最后一个线圈的边缘抽头则与所述焊盘组中的另一个所述焊盘电性连接；所述第三线圈组中的第一个线圈的边缘抽头与所述第三线圈组中的下一个线圈的中央抽头电性连接，此后所述第三线圈组中每一个线圈的边缘抽头均与后一个线圈的中央抽头电性连接，所述第三线圈组中最后一个线圈的边缘抽头则与所述焊盘组中的第三个所述焊盘电性连接。
本发明上述的盘式发电机中，所述第一磁体组中所述第一磁体的个数为偶数，且固定在所述板上的所述线圈个数大于所述第一磁体组中所述第一磁体的个数。
本发明上述的盘式发电机中，固定在所述板上的所述线圈个数与所述第一磁体组中所述第一磁体的个数之比为3：2。
本发明的盘式发电机采用了板，而线圈平均圆周地排布在板上，这种结构导致电枢可以更加稳定的旋转，使第一磁体组和第二磁体组之间的距离最小化，还减少了热量的产生，并且通过这种结构使该发电机不会产生移相电压，而直接输出最大电压值；进一步地，本发明中，固定在板上的线圈个数与第一磁体组中第一磁体的个数之比为3：2，这种结构使电枢不会受到磁阻 影响，旋转更平稳。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图1为本发明的盘式发电机的一个实施例的组装分解示意图；
图2为图1所示的第一磁体或第二磁体的示意图；
图3为图1所示的第一磁体和与该第一磁体相对的第二磁体的示意图；
图4为图1所示盘式发电机的示意图；
图5为图1所示的电枢的示意图；
图6为图1所示盘式发电机输出的一单相电压的示意图；
图7为图1所示盘式发电机输出的三相交流电压的示意图；
图8为图1所示盘式发电机输出的经镇流的输出电压的示意图；
图9为图1所示盘式发电机输出的经镇流后合流的输出电压的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了本发明的盘式发电机的一个优选实施例，包括第一壳体110和第二壳体120；第一壳体110和第二壳体120扣合地固定在一起，围成一容置空间；第一壳体110和第二壳体120中部分别开设有轴孔111、121；
参照图1，盘式发电机还包括固定地设置于容置空间中的第一磁体组130和第二磁体组131；第一磁体组130包括在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状的多个板状的第一磁体132a，第二磁体组131包括在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状的多个板状的第二磁体132b；第一磁体组130所在的平面和第二磁体组131所在的平面相互平行；参见图2，任一第一磁体132a的两个磁极的排列方向垂直于第一磁体组130所在的平面，任一第二磁体132b的两个磁极的排列方向垂直于第二磁体组131所在的平面；参见图3，在第一磁体组130和第二磁体组131之间形成同向的磁场；
具体地，本实施例中，第一壳体110和第二壳体120的内壁上分别开设有与第一磁体组130对应的第一固定槽112和第二磁体组131对应的第二固定槽122；多个第一磁体132a固定地嵌合在第一固定槽112中，组成第一磁体组130；多个第二磁体132b固定地嵌合在第二固定槽122中，组成第二磁体组131。进一步地，第一磁体132a和第二磁体132b均由钕硼铁磁铁制成； 第一磁体组130由12块第一磁体132a组成，第二磁体组131由12块第二磁体132b组成。由于内置于第一壳体110和第二壳体120扣合而成的容置空间中的第一磁体组130和第二磁体组131相互吸引的吸力大于1000LB(磅)，故第一壳体110和第二壳体120均经过科学的设计由金属冲压而成，从而以最少的材料，承受这1000LB以上的吸力。
参照图1，第一磁体组130和第二磁体组131之间设有盘状的与该第一磁体组130所在平面平行的电枢140；该电枢140包括盘状的与该第一磁体组130所在平面平行的板141；该板141中部轴向上通过螺钉或销钉固定地安装有旋转轴150；该旋转轴150两端分别可旋转地穿设于轴孔111、121中；具体地，本实施例中，板141呈圆盘状，以酚醛树脂(电木)为原料，乌洛托品为固化剂热塑固化而成，具有优良的耐热性、耐燃性、耐水性和绝缘性，还具有较好的耐酸性，但耐碱性差，还具有良好的机械性能和电气性能，能在户外复杂的天气情况下(如炎热、酸雨等情况下)保持形态。可以理解，板141并不限于由电木制成，只要具有耐热性、耐燃性以及绝缘性的材料都可以作为制造板141的材料，以使板141在户外复杂的天气情况下(如炎热、酸雨等情况下)保持形态。这里，需要强调一点：板141的平整度以及形态的保持对本发明的盘式发电机的发电性能有显著的影响。该板141上印刷有由铜箔制成的电路，平行于第一磁体组130所在平面，其中部设置有柱状的与该板141同轴连接的固定台142；板141中部轴向上还开设有贯穿该板141的固定孔143。
参照图1，本实施例中，旋转轴150包括柱状的轴芯座151以及柱状的轴芯152；该轴芯座151一端轴向上设置有与固定孔143对应的第一固定凸缘153，另一端固定地套设有第一轴承154，并可旋转地穿设于第二外壳120的轴孔121中；轴芯152一端沿轴向开设有第三固定槽155，另一端可旋转地穿设于第一外壳110上的轴孔111中，并沿轴向开设有用于将该轴芯152固定在电机(图中未示)输出轴上的第四固定槽156；这样，参照图4，旋转轴150依次穿射于轴孔111、121，使第一壳体110和第二壳体120扣合形成的容置空间成为一密封空间，具有优越的防水性能，免除了该容置空间中的零件氧化生锈问题，提高了该盘式发电机的耐久性。
轴芯座151上的第一固定凸缘153固定地穿设于固定孔143中并贯穿板 141；该第一固定凸缘153贯穿板141伸出的部分固定地穿设在第二轴承157上，并固定地穿设于轴芯152的第三固定槽155中，从而将旋转轴150固定地安装在板141上，使电枢140可通过该旋转轴150相对于第一磁体组130和第二磁体组131做旋转运动。
参照图1，板141上还以该板141中心固定安装有多个处于第一磁体组130和第二磁体组131之间的线圈160，每个线圈160均呈平面螺旋状，且所有线圈160布设在同一平面上，并等间距地排成圆周状。所述所有线圈160所在的平面与该板141平行。
优选地，本实施例中，固定台142的侧面上开设有多个以该固定台142的轴心为圆心，在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状且沿轴向延伸的波浪齿144；该固定台142的侧面上在每两个相邻的波浪齿144之间的部分形成供线圈160抵持的抵持面145；板141在固定台142外侧位置设置有多个以该板141的中心为圆心，在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状且与波浪齿144相对应的第二固定凸缘146；每两个相邻的波浪齿144之间的抵持面145以及与该两个相邻的波浪齿144分别相对应的两个第二固定凸缘146构成一用于固定线圈160的固定腔147，使该线圈160的外缘分别抵持在固定台142的抵持面145以及对应的相邻两个第二固定凸缘146的侧壁上。进一步地，固定腔147中还设置有用于定位线圈160的直条形定位凸缘148，线圈160中部通过胶水被紧贴在定位凸缘148上；固定在板141上的线圈160有18个；使线圈160个数与第一磁体组130中第一磁体132a的个数之比为3：2。
参照图5，多个线圈160通过板141上的电路彼此电性连接，并通过电枢140的旋转产生方向一致的交变电流。可以理解，板141上也可不印刷电路，在板141上设置多个固定孔或槽，以分别固定多个线圈160，该多个线圈160通过导线电性连接在一起。
优选地，本实施例中，板141上设置有焊盘组200，该焊盘组200包括三个用于电流输出的焊盘210；每个线圈160均具有从该线圈160中部(即平面螺旋结构中靠近螺旋中心的位置)引出的中央抽头以及从该线圈160边缘引出的边缘抽头。
固定在所述板141上的所有所述线圈160的绕制方向相同，且分为第一线圈组、第二线圈组和第三线圈组，所述第一线圈组、所述第二线圈组和所 述第三线圈组包含的所述线圈160数量相等，且所述第一线圈组的所述线圈160、所述第二线圈组的所述线圈160以及所述第三线圈组的所述线圈160交替地排列成圆周状；所述第一线圈组中的第一个线圈160的中央抽头、所述第二线圈组中的第一个线圈160的中央抽头以及所述第三线圈组中的第一个线圈160的中央抽头电性连接在一起；所述第一线圈组中的第一个线圈160的边缘抽头与所述第一线圈组中的下一个线圈160的中央抽头电性连接，此后所述第一线圈组中每一个线圈160的边缘抽头均与后一个线圈160的中央抽头电性连接，所述第一线圈组中最后一个线圈160的边缘抽头则与所述焊盘组200中的一个所述焊盘210电性连接；所述第二线圈组中的第一个线圈160的边缘抽头与所述第二线圈组中的下一个线圈160的中央抽头电性连接，此后所述第二线圈组中每一个线圈160的边缘抽头均与后一个线圈160的中央抽头电性连接，所述第二线圈组中最后一个线圈160的边缘抽头则与所述焊盘组200中的另一个所述焊盘210电性连接；所述第三线圈组中的第一个线圈160的边缘抽头与所述第三线圈组中的下一个线圈160的中央抽头电性连接，此后所述第三线圈组中每一个线圈160的边缘抽头均与后一个线圈160的中央抽头电性连接，所述第三线圈组中最后一个线圈160的边缘抽头则与所述焊盘组200中的第三个所述焊盘210电性连接。
为了使线圈160之间的电路连接关系更加清晰，板141上印刷的电路包括多个排列成圆周状的螺旋电路线段149，每个螺旋电路线段149的两端分别对应相间的两个线圈160。
本实施例中，在电枢140转动时，在板141上所有线圈160中，若从与焊盘组200中的任意一个焊盘210直接连接的线圈160开始计数，则每相隔两个线圈160之后的第三个线圈160都和该开始计数的线圈160产生相位相同的感应电压V0，这些感应电压V0可直接加和成为盘式发电机的一单相电压V1，如图6所示。而任意相邻的两个线圈160所产生的电压的相位差均为
Figure PCTCN2014088158-appb-000001
这样，本发明提供的盘式发电机通过焊盘组200，输出三相交流电压V1、V2和V3，如图7所示，然后经过镇流，得到如图8所示的电压V1′、V2′和V3′，最后电压V1′、V2′和V3′合流形成如9所示的盘式发电机的输出电压，从图9中可以看到，该盘式发电机的输出电压非常平稳。
本发明的盘式发电机中使用多个体积较小的板状磁体132a、132b代替现 有技术中体积较大的环形磁极转子产生磁场，减少了磁体材料的总使用量，有利于降低了成本。同时采用分布在同一平面内的多个螺旋状线圈160代替现有技术中具有立体结构，体积较大的圆柱形线圈，有利于减小整体尺寸，组装也更加方便。
该盘式发电机采用了板141，而线圈160平均圆周地排布在板141上，这种结构导致电枢140可以更加稳定的旋转，使第一磁体组130和第二磁体组131之间的距离最小化，还减少了热量的产生，并且通过这种结构使该发电机不会产生移相电压，而直接输出最大电压值；进一步地，本发明中，第一磁体组130中第一磁体132a的个数为偶数，且固定在板141上的线圈160个数大于第一磁体组130中第一磁体132a的个数。优选地，本实施例中，固定在板141上的线圈160个数与第一磁体组130中第一磁体132a的个数之比为3：2，这种结构使电枢140不会受到磁阻影响，旋转更平稳。当然，固定在板141上的线圈160个数与第一磁体组130中第一磁体132a的个数之比也可以大于3:2，在这种情况下，盘式发电机的效率会降低，但是输出的电压会更稳定。
应当理解的是，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种盘式发电机，包括第一壳体(110)和第二壳体(120)；所述第一壳体(110)和所述第二壳体(120)扣合地固定在一起，围成一容置空间；所述第一壳体(110)和所述第二壳体(120)中部分别开设有轴孔(111、121)，其特征在于，所述盘式发电机还包括固定地设置于所述容置空间中的第一磁体组(130)和第二磁体组(131)；所述第一磁体组(130)包括在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状的多个板状的第一磁体(132a)，所述第二磁体组(131)包括在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状的多个板状的第二磁体(132b)；所述第一磁体组(130)所在的平面和所述第二磁体组(131)所在的平面相互平行，任一所述第一磁体(132a)的两个磁极的排列方向垂直于所述第一磁体组(130)所在的平面，任一所述第二磁体(132b)的两个磁极的排列方向垂直于所述第二磁体组(131)所在的平面，在所述第一磁体组(130)和所述第二磁体组(131)之间形成同向的磁场；
    所述第一磁体组(130)和所述第二磁体组(131)之间设有盘状的与该第一磁体组(130)所在平面平行的电枢(140)；该电枢(140)包括盘状的与该第一磁体组(130)所在平面平行的板(141)；该板(141)中部轴向上固定地安装有旋转轴(150)；该旋转轴(150)两端分别可旋转地穿设于所述轴孔(111、121)中；
    所述板(141)上还以该板(141)中心固定安装有多个处于所述第一磁体组(130)和所述第二磁体组(131)之间，并在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状的线圈(160)；所述线圈(160)呈螺旋状，其所在的平面与该板(141)平行；所述多个线圈(160)电性连接在一起，并通过所述电枢(140)的旋转产生方向一致的交变电流。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的盘式发电机，其特征在于，所述第一壳体(110)和所述第二壳体(120)的内壁上分别开设有与所述第一磁体组(130)对应的第一固定槽(112)和所述第二磁体组(131)对应的第二固定槽(122)；所述多个第一磁体(132a)固定地嵌合在所述第一固定槽(112)中，组成所述第一磁体组(130)；所述多个第二磁体(132b)固定地嵌合在所述第二固定槽(122)中，组成所述第二磁体组(131)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的盘式发电机，其特征在于，所述板(141)呈圆盘状，平行于所述第一磁体组(130)所在平面，其中部设置有柱状的与该板(141)同轴连接的固定台(142)；所述板(141)中部轴向上还开设有贯穿该板(141)的固定孔(143)；
    所述旋转轴(150)包括柱状的轴芯座(151)以及柱状的轴芯(152)；该轴芯座(151)一端轴向上设置有与所述固定孔(143)对应的第一固定凸缘(153)，另一端固定地套设有第一轴承(154)，并可旋转地穿设于所述第二外壳(120)的所述轴孔(121)中；所述轴芯(152)一端沿轴向开设有第三固定槽(155)，另一端可旋转地穿设于所述第一外壳(110)上的所述轴孔(111)中，并沿轴向开设有用于将该轴芯(152)固定在电机输出轴上的第四固定槽(156)；
    所述轴芯座(151)上的所述第一固定凸缘(153)固定地穿设于所述固定孔(143)中并贯穿所述板(141)；该第一固定凸缘(153)贯穿所述板(141)伸出的部分固定地穿设在第二轴承(157)上，并固定地穿设于所述轴芯(152)的所述第三固定槽(155)中。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的盘式发电机，其特征在于，所述固定台(142)的侧面上开设有多个以该固定台(142)的轴心为圆心，在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状且沿轴向延伸的波浪齿(144)；该固定台(142)的侧面上在每两个相邻的所述波浪齿(144)之间的部分形成供所述线圈(160)抵持的抵持面(145)；所述板(141)在所述固定台(142)外侧位置设置有多个以该板(141)的中心为圆心，在同一平面上等间距地排成圆周状且与所述波浪齿(144)相对应的第二固定凸缘(146)；每两个相邻的所述波浪齿(144)之间的所述抵持面(145)以及与该两个相邻的波浪齿(144)分别相对应的两个所述第二固定凸缘(146)构成一用于固定所述线圈(160)的固定腔(147)，使该线圈(160)的外缘分别抵持在所述固定台(142)的所述抵持面(145)以及对应的所述相邻两个第二固定凸缘(146)的侧壁上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的盘式发电机，其特征在于，所述板(141)上设置有焊盘组(200)，该焊盘组(200)包括三个用于电流输出的焊盘(210)；每个所述线圈(160)均具有从该线圈(160)中部引出的中央抽头以及从该线圈(160)边缘引出的边缘抽头；
    固定在所述板(141)上的所有所述线圈(160)的绕制方向相同，且分为第一线圈组、第二线圈组和第三线圈组，所述第一线圈组、所述第二线圈组和所述第三线圈组包含的所述线圈(160)数量相等，且所述第一线圈组的所述线圈(160)、所述第二线圈组的所述线圈(160)以及所述第三线圈组的所述线圈(160)交替地排列成圆周状；所述第一线圈组中的第一个线圈(160)的中央抽头、所述第二线圈组中的第一个线圈(160)的中央抽头以及所述第三线圈组中的第一个线圈(160)的中央抽头电性连接在一起；所述第一线圈组中的第一个线圈(160)的边缘抽头与所述第一线圈组中的下一个线圈(160)的中央抽头电性连接，此后所述第一线圈组中每一个线圈(160)的边缘抽头均与后一个线圈(160)的中央抽头电性连接，所述第一线圈组中最后一个线圈(160)的边缘抽头则与所述焊盘组(200)中的一个所述焊盘(210)电性连接；所述第二线圈组中的第一个线圈(160)的边缘抽头与所述第二线圈组中的下一个线圈(160)的中央抽头电性连接，此后所述第二线圈组中每一个线圈(160)的边缘抽头均与后一个线圈(160)的中央抽头电性连接，所述第二线圈组中最后一个线圈(160)的边缘抽头则与所述焊盘组(200)中的另一个所述焊盘(210)电性连接；所述第三线圈组中的第一个线圈(160)的边缘抽头与所述第三线圈组中的下一个线圈(160)的中央抽头电性连接，此后所述第三线圈组中每一个线圈(160)的边缘抽头均与后一个线圈(160)的中央抽头电性连接，所述第三线圈组中最后一个线圈(160)的边缘抽头则与所述焊盘组(200)中的第三个所述焊盘(210)电性连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的盘式发电机，其特征在于，所述第一磁体组(130)中所述第一磁体(132a)的个数为偶数，且固定在所述板(141)上的所述线圈(160)个数大于所述第一磁体组(130)中所述第一磁体(132a)的个数。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的盘式发电机，其特征在于，固定在所述板(141)上的所述线圈(160)个数与所述第一磁体组(130)中所述第一磁体(132a)的个数之比为3：2。
PCT/CN2014/088158 2013-10-10 2014-10-09 盘式发电机 WO2015051740A1 (zh)

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