WO2015051492A1 - 1-(烷基亚磺酰基)-2-异硫氰基烷基-1-烯烃在制备治疗多种癌症与肿瘤的药物中的应用 - Google Patents
1-(烷基亚磺酰基)-2-异硫氰基烷基-1-烯烃在制备治疗多种癌症与肿瘤的药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015051492A1 WO2015051492A1 PCT/CN2013/084832 CN2013084832W WO2015051492A1 WO 2015051492 A1 WO2015051492 A1 WO 2015051492A1 CN 2013084832 W CN2013084832 W CN 2013084832W WO 2015051492 A1 WO2015051492 A1 WO 2015051492A1
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- cancer
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- human
- lysin
- sulforaphane
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
- A61K31/26—Cyanate or isocyanate esters; Thiocyanate or isothiocyanate esters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/30—Dietetic or nutritional methods, e.g. for losing weight
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/31—Brassicaceae or Cruciferae (Mustard family), e.g. broccoli, cabbage or kohlrabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of a 1-(alkylsulfinyl)-2-isothiocyanatoalkyl-1-olefin (Formula I) for the treatment or prevention of various cancers and tumors in humans or mammals.
- the present invention also relates to compounds of the formula I for the preparation of various cancers and tumors for the treatment of humans or mammals The application of the drug.
- the invention further relates to the use of a compound of formula I for the manufacture of health supplements and food additives for the prevention of a variety of cancers in humans or mammals.
- the invention further relates to the use of lysin (4-isothiocyanato-1-(indenylsulfinyl)-1-butene, structural formula II) for use in the treatment of diseases and tumors.
- the invention further relates to the use of a compound of formula I I for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a variety of cancers and tumors in humans or mammals.
- the invention further relates to the use of a compound of formula I I for the manufacture of health supplements and food additives for the prevention of a variety of cancers in humans or mammals.
- the pharmaceutical composition containing lycopene according to the present invention has the ability to inhibit proliferation of a plurality of cancer cells, including but not limited to, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, squamous gland Cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, malignant black Pigmentoma and bladder cancer.
- a plurality of cancer cells including but not limited to, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, squamous gland Cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, malignant black Pigmentoma and bladder cancer.
- Cancer is derived from normal cells that are partially rebellious in the process of controlling proliferation and differentiation. During the process of cell differentiation, the "defective" cells are off track and set their own proliferation rate. Cancer cells can infiltrate and destroy normal human tissues and are found throughout humans or animals. Currently, cancer is one of the most harmful diseases to human health. Cancer has become the second leading cause of death in the world. According to statistics from the World Health Organization, 7.6 million people worldwide died of cancer in 2007. The number of cancer deaths worldwide will increase to 13.2 million in 2030, and 20% globally. New cancer patients are located in China, and 24% of cancer deaths worldwide are distributed in China. According to statistics in 2008, lung cancer has become the cancer with the highest mortality rate in China, and liver cancer is the cancer with the mortality rate in China after lung cancer.
- Tumors are generally classified into solid tumors and non-solid tumors (hematological malignancies).
- Solid tumors include head and neck cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, skin cancer, kidney tumor, colon cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and prostate cancer.
- Non-solid tumors include leukemia and lymphoma.
- Solid tumors usually use surgical resection or surgical resection combined with radiation therapy. If the cancer metastasizes, it will take the form of chemotherapy.
- Non-solid tumors are usually treated with chemotherapy.
- the present invention provides methods for preventing and treating solid tumors.
- chemotherapy There are two ways to treat chemotherapy: (1) use cytotoxic substances that have the ability to kill cancer cells and normal cells to directly kill cancer cells; (2) block the growth of hormone-dependent cancer cells by interfering with the production of sex hormones.
- Cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs for clinical cancer treatment can be divided into the following: alkylating agents, antitumor antibiotics, antimetabolites, biological agents, hormone preparations, herbal/plant derivatives. Preventive medicine statistics show that
- Cruciferous plants are thought to play an important role in reducing the risk of cancer.
- Sufficient scientific experimental data show that radix glucosinolate, a precursor of samarium sulfane, is abundant in Brassica.
- the glucosinolate refers to sulforaphane-glucosinolate (SGS), which is a natural product with a great potential for inducing the production of Phase ll detoxification enzyme.
- Phase II detoxification enzyme can promote rapid apoptosis of cancer cells, thereby achieving anti-cancer and anti-cancer effects.
- Carc inogenes is 2004, 25: 83-90; Nas truzz i C et a l. J. Agr ic. Food Chem. 1996, 44: 1014-1021; Zhang Y & Tang L. Acta Pharmacologica S inica 2007, 28: 1343-1354; Higdon JV et al. Pharmacology Research 2007; Pham NA et al. Mol Cancer 2004, 3: 1239-1248).
- Sodium glucoside is an indirect long-acting antioxidant. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that the myrosinase isolated from radish can hydrolyze glucosinolates in broccoli. Myrosinase is released during chewing or processing.
- the glucosinolate is hydrolyzed by the myrosinase to produce an unstable intermediate, which is rearranged to form a compound possessing anticancer activity, lysine (called SFN).
- SFN lysine
- Lactosulfane is a compound of isothiocyanate, usually obtained from Brassica in cruciferous vegetables, and is included in radish, broccoli, broccoli, cabbage, mustard, horseradish, and broccoli. Rich in Laiwu ⁇ i-alkane. Laiwu has the potential to treat cancer, reducing the growth of cancer stem cells and weakening their viability. A compound containing sulforaphane has been used as a chemopreventive agent. In view of the potential of isothiocyanate compounds for the prevention and treatment of cancer, there is an urgent need in the medical and pharmaceutical fields to find more compounds that are more effective in the prevention and chemotherapeutic treatment of various cancers for the preparation of preventable or therapeutic agents. A drug or preparation for cancer that can prevent or treat a variety of cancers, cost-effective health care products and food additives.
- Laiwusu is the main sulfur-containing compound in radish seeds, and also has a certain content in broccoli and purple cabbage.
- Lycopene has antiviral, antifungal, and antibacterial activity (eg, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pneumococcal, Escherichia coli. See table) for activity.
- Gram-positive bacteria are superior to Gram-negative bacteria, and DNA virus is superior to ribonucleic acid virus. Its activity will be serum or some sulfur-containing compounds (such as hydrogen sulfide, thioglycolic acid, cysteine). Inhibition by glutamic acid and glutathione.
- lysin [4-isothiocyanato-(mercaptosulfinyl)-1-butene] found in radish seeds (Crucifera) is a structural analog of sulforaphane, and its anticancer research Rarely, a small number of studies have shown that lysin has the effect of inhibiting colorectal cancer cells, and thus may have the effect of preventing and treating colorectal cancer.
- lysin not only has the same or better inhibition of lysine and other first-line chemotherapy or targeted drugs, including but not limited to erlotinib, gemcitabine and paclitaxel, for most cancer cells. Its role, while its safety is significantly better than sulforaphane, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), paclitaxel and doxorubicin, it has application value for a variety of cancers, including, but not limited to, lung adenocarcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and malignant melanoma.
- a 1-(alkylsulfinyl)-2-isothiocyanatoalkyl-1-olefin for use in the manufacture of a plurality of cancers for the treatment or prevention of humans or mammals
- the use of pharmaceutical compositions for use in the manufacture of a plurality of cancers for the treatment or prevention of humans or mammals.
- R 2 and R 3 independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkene, alkynyl group , aryl, alkoxy, epoxy, cyclonitro and aryloxy.
- ⁇ is a fluorenyl group.
- R 2 and R 3 are a hydrogen atom.
- R 4 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, -CH -0-CH -, alkoxyaryl.
- R 4 is an anthracenylene group.
- the value of n is between 1-10.
- the double bond of RrCf ⁇ -R 3 may be a cis or trans structure.
- a 1-(alkylsulfinyl)-2-isothiocyanatoalkyl-1-alene for use in the preparation of a health product for preventing cancers in humans or mammals. Or the application of food additives.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide lycopene (Structure 11) for use in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of human or lactation.
- Lycopene 1 - (mercaptosulfinyl) _ 4 - isosulfan 1-butene (structural formula I I )
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a use of lycopene (structural formula) for the preparation of health care products and food additives for preventing cancer of human or mammalian species.
- Lepysulfane 1 - (methylsulfinyl) _ 4 _ isothiocyanobutane (Structure III)
- the lysin is from radish seeds, radish seedlings or radishes extract.
- the pharmaceutical composition, health care product or food additive contains a carrier for a drug, an additive, and a drug excipient.
- the pharmaceutical composition, health care product and food additive of the present invention have inhibitory effects on various cancers, and the cancers mentioned herein include, but are not limited to, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer. , thyroid cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, melanoma, bladder cancer.
- lung cancer gastric cancer
- colon cancer rectal cancer
- ovarian cancer breast cancer
- breast cancer thyroid cancer
- pancreatic cancer esophageal cancer
- liver cancer head and neck cancer
- cervical cancer endometrial cancer
- melanoma bladder cancer.
- the present invention provides a lycopene represented by the formula I I as a pharmaceutical compound which is isolated from a Brassica plant including, but not limited to, radish, broccoli, cabbage, mustard and horseradish. This compound has an effective preventive and therapeutic effect on the aforementioned cancer.
- the lycopene used in the prevention and treatment of many different cancers in the present invention can also be used for foods, food additives and health care products.
- the invention utilizes the anti-cancer experimental data of human A549 cancer cell line in vitro to clearly demonstrate that lycopene has a stronger inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of human lung adenocarcinoma cells than lysine.
- IC50 is: 10. 5 ⁇ ⁇
- the half-inhibitory concentration ( IC50 ) of sulforaphane on the growth of ⁇ 5 4 9 lung adenocarcinoma cells is: 1 4 ⁇ 7 ⁇ ⁇ .
- the anti-cancer experimental data of the human ⁇ 460 cancer cell line in the present invention clearly demonstrate that the lycopene has a stronger inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of human lung squamous carcinoma cells than the lysine.
- ⁇ 460 was calculated, and half of the growth of ⁇ 460 human lung squamous carcinoma cells was calculated by lycopene.
- the inhibitory concentration (IC50) was: 25. 7 ⁇ ⁇ ; the half-inhibitory concentration ( IC50 ) of sulforaphane on the growth of ⁇ 460 human lung adenocarcinoma cells was: 34. 62 ⁇ ⁇ .
- the anti-cancer experimental data of the human PANC-1 cancer cell line in the present invention clearly demonstrates that the lysin has a stronger inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cells than lysine.
- lysine and sulforaphane administered concentrations: 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ⁇ ⁇
- half of the growth of PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells was calculated by lycopene.
- the inhibitory concentration (IC50) is: 5. 18 ⁇ ⁇ ;
- the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sulforaphane on PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells was 6.73 ⁇ .
- the anti-cancer experimental data of the human MCF-7 cancer cell line in the present invention clearly demonstrates that the lycopene has a stronger inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of human breast cancer cells than the lysine.
- the anti-cancer experimental data of the human HepG2 cancer cell line in the present invention clearly demonstrate that the lysin has an inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of human liver cancer cells.
- the half-inhibitory concentration of lysin on the growth of HepG2 human hepatoma cells was calculated (IC50) For: 59.0 ⁇ ; the half-inhibitory concentration ( IC50) of sulforaphane on HepG2 human hepatoma cells is: 47.33 ⁇ .
- the anti-cancer experimental data of the human HeLa cancer cell line in the present invention clearly demonstrate that the lycopene has similar inhibitory effects on the growth and proliferation of human cervical cancer cells as lycopene.
- the half-inhibitory concentration of lysin on the growth of HeLa human hepatoma cells was calculated (IC50). ): 24.1 ⁇ ; the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sulforaphane on the growth of HeLa human hepatoma cells is: 25.8 ⁇ .
- the anti-cancer experimental data of the human ⁇ 375 cancer cell line in the present invention clearly demonstrates that lycopene has a stronger inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of human malignant melanoma cancer cells than lysine.
- the half-inhibitory concentration of lycopene on the growth of 375 human malignant melanocytes was calculated. (IC50) was: 26.088 ⁇ ; the half-inhibitory concentration ( IC50 ) of sulforaphane on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell growth was: 33.11 ⁇ .
- the anti-cancer experimental data of human MCF-7 cancer cell line in the present invention clearly demonstrates that compared with erlotinib, gemcitabine and paclitaxel, the anticancer effect of lysin is not as high as that of paclitaxel, but is significantly higher than that of gemcitabine and 5 -FU.
- cytotoxicity test data of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the present invention clearly demonstrate that the toxicity of lysin human leukocytes is significantly lower than that of sulforaphane, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), paclitaxel and amylomycin. Further use of rat cardiomyocytes for drug toxicity evaluation test data showed that the toxicity of lysin was significantly lower than that of sulforaphane and doxorubicin.
- the subject comprising the composition of lysin in the present invention may be a human, a primate or other mammal, and the above compound may be administered orally, nasally, parenterally, or externally (drip or Transdermal patch).
- parenteral administration refers to routes of administration including intravenous, intramuscular, intrasternal, subcutaneous and intraarticular injections.
- the composition comprising lycopene in the present invention may be in a solid form such as a tablet, a sugar-coated tablet, a pill, a capsule, a granule or a microgranule (including a powder or sachet package), and the solid preparation may be a pharmaceutically inert ingredient. It is obtained by mixing with a solid form of lyoside. .
- the dosage form of the composition comprising lycopene in the present invention may be an oral liquid dosage form including, but not limited to, pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspension syrups and elixirs.
- it may contain inert diluents such as water, solubilizers and emulsifiers.
- the inert diluent may also include adjuvants such as wetting agents, emulsifying agents, suspending agents, sweetening agents, flavoring agents, and flavoring agents.
- the dosage form of the composition comprising lysin in the present invention may be an injection dosage form including, but not limited to, a pharmaceutically acceptable emulsion, solution.
- the dosage form of the composition comprising lycopene in the present invention may be a suspension.
- the suspending agent may be isostearyl alcohol, polysorbate, sorbitan ester, microcrystalline cellulose, bentonite, agar, xanthan gum, and mixtures thereof.
- composition comprising lysin in the present invention can be administered in the form of a liposome derived from a phospholipid or other lipid substance.
- a liposome is a preparation formed by encapsulating a drug molecule with a blister formed by a phospholipid bilayer membrane. Liposomes can be used in carriers of nutrients and drugs. Liposomes can be prepared by methods that destroy biofilms, such as sonication.
- composition containing 1-(alkylsulfinyl)-2-isothiocyanatoalkyl-1-olefin of the present invention may further comprise one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, additives and those known to those skilled in the art.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier such as the carrier described in U.S. Patent No. 5,650,386: 8-[(2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino]octanoate.
- the carrier can be used in accordance with the method described in U.S. Patent No. 5,650,386.
- the additive may be, for example, vitamin A or vitamin C.
- excipients include, but are not limited to, non-toxic solids or liquids.
- Figure 1 shows the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of lycopene and sulforaphane on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells.
- Figure 2 shows the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of lysin and sulforaphane on H460 human lung squamous carcinoma cells.
- Figure 3 shows the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of lysin and sulforaphane on PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells.
- Figure 4 shows the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of lysin and sulforaphane on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.
- Figure 5 shows the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of lysin and sulforaphane on HepG2 human hepatoma cells.
- Figure 6 shows the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of lysin and sulforaphane on HeLa human cervical cancer cells.
- Figure 7 shows the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50 value) of lysin and sulforaphane on A375 human malignant melanoma cancer cells.
- Figure 8 shows the results of a tumor suppressor experiment in the transplanted tumor of lycopene H460 human lung squamous cell carcinoma.
- Figure 9 shows the results of a tumor suppressor experiment in the transplanted tumor of lycopene and sulforaphane H460 human lung squamous cell carcinoma.
- EDTA is a means of traditional digestion. Trypsin is a serine protease with substrate specificity for digestion of adherent cells. However, divalent cations present in cells, such as calcium and magnesium, can inhibit digestion. EDTA can chelate divalent cations, thereby increasing the digestion of trypsin.
- the commonly used MTT assay measures cell proliferation, percentage of viable cells, and cytotoxicity.
- MTT (3_ [4, 5 - pyridine Yue two _2 - yl] _ 2, 5 - diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) [also known tetrazolium] yellow dye.
- the principle of detection is that succinate dehydrogenase in living cell mitochondria can reduce exogenous MTT to water-insoluble blue-purple crystalline formazan (Formazan) and deposit in cells, while dead cells do not.
- Dimercaptosulfoxide (DMS0) can dissolve sputum in cells, and its light absorption value can be measured at 490 nm by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which can indirectly reflect the number of living cells.
- the amount of MTT crystal formation is proportional to the number of cells in a certain number of cells.
- This method has been widely used for the detection of activity of some biologically active factors, large-scale anti-tumor drug screening, cytotoxicity tests, and tumor radiosensitivity assays. It is characterized by high sensitivity.
- human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 was purchased from the US ATCC cell bank, cultured in RPMI-1640 (HyClone) medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, using 0.25% trypsin And 0. 02% EDTA routine digestion after passage.
- the chemical reagents for this experiment were purchased from Sigma.
- A549 cells in logarithmic growth phase were digested into individual cells and seeded in 96-well plates at 3000 cells per well in 5% C0 2 Incubate in a 37 °C incubator. After dissolving the lycopene and the lycopene in sterile deionized water, pass through 0.22 ⁇ ⁇ Membrane sterilization, diluted with serum-containing medium, and the final concentrations of lysin and sulforaphane were 10 ⁇ , 20 ⁇ , 30 ⁇ , 40 ⁇ and 50 ⁇ , respectively. After inoculation for 24 hours in ⁇ 549 cells, the cells were replaced with Laiwu.
- the cells were cultured in the corresponding concentrations of the lysine and the sulforaphane, and the cells were cultured in an equal volume of sterile deionized water in the negative control medium. After further incubation for 48 hours, add 20 ⁇ per well. After incubating for 3 hours in a 37 °C incubator containing 5% CO 2 , the solution in each well was aspirated, and 150 ⁇ M DMS0 was added, and the shaker was shaken 10 After min, the absorbance at 490 nm per well was determined. The half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of cell growth was calculated based on the number of viable cells in the negative control group at 0 hours. The experimental results are shown in Fig. 1.
- Human lung squamous cell carcinoma cell line 460 was purchased from the US ATCC cell bank, cultured in RPMI-1640 (HyClone) medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, using 0.25% trypsin and 0.02. % EDTA is routinely digested and passaged.
- the chemical reagents for this experiment were purchased from Sigma.
- H460 cells in logarithmic growth phase were digested into single cells and seeded in 96-well plates at 3000 cells per well in 5% C0 2 Incubate in a 37 °C incubator. Dissolve the lycopene and lysin in sterile deionized water, sterilize through 0.22 ⁇ filter, and dilute with serum-containing medium to make the final concentrations of lysin and sulforaphane 10 ⁇ , 20 ⁇ , respectively.
- Figure 2 shows that lysin has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of H460 human lung squamous carcinoma cells.
- the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of lysin on H460 cell growth was: 25.7 ⁇ ⁇ ; sulforaphane had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of ⁇ 460 human lung squamous carcinoma cells.
- the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sulforaphane on the growth of ⁇ 460 cells was: 34.62 ⁇ .
- Example 3 Example 3:
- the human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 was purchased from the US ATCC cell bank and cultured in RPMI-1640 (HyClone) medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum with 0.25% trypsin and 0.02% EDTA was routinely digested and passaged.
- the chemical reagents for this experiment were purchased from Sigma.
- PANC-1 cells in logarithmic growth phase were digested into individual cells and seeded in 96-well plates at 3000 cells per well. % C0 2 was cultured in a 37 °C incubator. Dissolve the lycopene and lysine in sterile deionized water, sterilize through a 0.22 ⁇ filter, and dilute with serum-containing medium to make the final concentrations of lysin and sulforaphane 10 ⁇ , 20 ⁇ , 30 ⁇ , respectively.
- IC50 5.18 ⁇ ; sulforaphane has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells. After 48 hours of treatment, the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sulforaphane on PANC-1 cell growth was 6.73 ⁇ .
- Example 4 The half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sulforaphane on PANC-1 cell growth was 6.73 ⁇ .
- the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was purchased from the US ATCC cell bank and cultured in RPMI-1640 (HyClone) medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum with 0.25% trypsin and 0.02% EDTA was routinely digested and passaged.
- the chemical reagents for this experiment were purchased from Sigma.
- MCF-7 cells in logarithmic growth phase were digested into individual cells and seeded in 96-well plates at 3000 cells per well. % C0 2 was cultured in a 37 °C incubator. After dissolving the lycopene and lysine in sterile deionized water, sterilize the membrane through 0.22 ⁇ , and dilute with the serum-containing medium to make the final concentrations of lysin and sulforaphane 10 ⁇ , 20 ⁇ , 30 ⁇ , respectively.
- Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 was purchased from American ATCC cell bank, cultured in RPMI-1640 (HyClone) medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, using 0.25% trypsin and 0.02% EDTA. Passage after routine digestion.
- the chemical reagents for this experiment were purchased from Sigma.
- HepG2 cells in logarithmic growth phase were digested into single cells and seeded in 96-well plates at 3000 cells per well in 5% C0 2 Incubate in a 37 °C incubator. Dissolve the lycopene and lysin in sterile deionized water, sterilize through 0.22 ⁇ filter, and dilute with serum-containing medium to make the final concentrations of lysin and sulforaphane 10 ⁇ , 20 ⁇ , 30, respectively.
- Figure 5 shows that lycopene has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of HepG2 human hepatoma cells.
- the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of lysin on HepG2 cell growth was: 59.0 ⁇ ; sulforaphane had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of HepG2 human hepatoma cells.
- the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sulforaphane on HepG2 cell growth was: 47.33 ⁇ .
- Human cervical cancer cell line HeLa was purchased from American ATCC cell bank, cultured in RPMI-1640 (HyClone) medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, using 0.25% trypsin and 0.02%. EDTA was routinely digested and passaged. The chemical reagents related to this experiment were purchased from Sigma.
- lysin and sulforaphane HeLa cells in logarithmic growth phase were digested into single cells and seeded in 96-well plates at 3000 cells per well, containing 5% CO 2 Incubate in a 37 °C incubator.
- Figure 6 shows that lysin has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of HeLa human cervical cancer cells.
- the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of lysin on HeLa cell growth was: 24.1 ⁇ ; sulforaphane had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of HeLa human cervical cancer cells.
- the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sulforaphane on HeLa cell growth was: 25.8 ⁇ .
- Human malignant melanoma cancer cell line 375 was purchased from the US ATCC cell bank and cultured in RPMI_1640 (HyClone) medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum with 0.25% trypsin and 0.02% EDTA. Passage after routine digestion.
- the chemical reagents for this experiment were purchased from Sigma.
- A375 cells in logarithmic growth phase were digested into single cells and seeded in 96-well plates at 3000 cells per well in 5% C0 2 Incubate in a 37 ° C incubator. Dissolve the lycopene and lysin in sterile deionized water, sterilize through 0.22 ⁇ filter, and dilute with serum-containing medium to make the final concentrations of lysin and sulforaphane 10 ⁇ , 20 ⁇ , respectively.
- Figure 7 shows that lycopene has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of A375 human malignant melanoma cancer cells.
- the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of lysin on the growth of A375 cells was: 7. 8 ⁇ ⁇ ; sulforaphane has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of A375 human malignant melanoma cancer cells.
- the half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sulforaphane on the growth of ⁇ 375 cells was: 9.11 ⁇ .
- Erlotinib, gemcitabine, paclitaxel or 5-FU are effective treatments for lung cancer and breast cancer chemotherapy.
- erlotinib can be used for third-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with two or more chemotherapy regimens failing.
- Gemcitabine is currently used clinically as a first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer and metastatic breast cancer.
- Paclitaxel is mainly used for breast cancer and has a certain effect on lung cancer.
- 5-FU is effective for breast cancer and digestive system cancer (esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer).
- the above four drugs are selected as the control chemotherapeutic drugs, and the difference between the lycopene and the tumor suppressing effect is studied.
- Experimental Cell Lines and Related Chemical Reagents Sources and culture conditions of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line ⁇ 549, human lung squamous cell carcinoma cell line 460, and human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 are as described above. The chemical reagents related to this experiment were purchased from Si gma. 2.
- In vitro inhibition of A549, H460 and MCF-7 cells by comparison with other chemotherapeutic drugs A549, H460 and MCF-7 cells in logarithmic growth phase were digested into single cells and inoculated into 96-well plates.
- lycopene has a more significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of ⁇ 549 and ⁇ 460 cells than erlotinib, gemcitabine and paclitaxel.
- the anticancer effect of lysin was not as high as that of paclitaxel, but significantly higher than that of gemcitabine and 5-FU.
- lysin has comparable or better inhibition with sulforaphane and several other first-line chemotherapy or targeted drugs including, but not limited to, erlotinib, gemcitabine and paclitaxel.
- Role, therefore, lycopene has a significant effect on the growth of cancers including, but not limited to, human lung adenocarcinoma, human lung squamous cell carcinoma, human pancreatic cancer, human liver cancer, human breast cancer, human cervical cancer And human malignant melanoma.
- H460 cells Normally cultured H460 tumor cells were prepared and diluted with PBS to prepare a tumor cell suspension having a cell concentration of 7.5 ⁇ 10 6 cells/ml.
- Experimental Design Group 2 drug concentration of the aqueous gavage for 35. 37 X 10- 3 mol - L _1 2.
- Control group five each of male and female good long trees murine tumor tissue, ultrapure water fed three times per week ( 3 ⁇ Each Monday, Wednesday and Friday afternoon), the volume of each oral administration was 0.3 ml. 2.
- Experimental group 1 Five male and female rats with good tumor tissue, 75 mg/kg of Laiwusu liquid per week (three times a week, Wednesday and Friday afternoon), each oral volume is 0. . 3 ml.
- Experimental group 2 Five male and female mice with good tumor tissue, 75 mg/kg of lysine sulfonane solution per week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday afternoon), each time the volume is 0. 3 ml.
- the tumor tissue size data of the rats was collected three times a week, on Monday, Wednesday and Friday afternoons. Using an electronic vernier caliper, the long diameter and short diameter data of the tumor tissue were recorded to 0.01 mm.
- the treatment of the rats at the end of the experiment The rats were sacrificed one by one, all the rats were arranged according to different groups, and six representative rats in each group were selected for photography; then the tumors were peeled off one by one. The tissue is weighed, placed in the corresponding position, photographed).
- the animal experiment results are as follows:
- Lycidine has a remarkable inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells in vivo (Fig. 8), and its inhibitory effect is superior to that of sulforaphane (Fig. 9).
- Experimental cells Normal human peripheral blood cells were separated by Ficoll to obtain mononuclear cells, which were washed three times with PBS and then cultured in IMDM + 10% FBS. 0.25% trypsin and 0.02% EDTA were routinely digested and passaged.
- the concentration distribution of the control chemotherapeutic drugs was: cisplatin: 50 ⁇ ; 5-FU: 60 ⁇ ; paclitaxel: 20 ⁇ ; doxorubicin: 5 ⁇ .
- the cells were cultured with the corresponding concentration of lysin or chemotherapeutic medium, and the cells were cultured in an equal volume of sterile deionized water.
- 20 L of MTT was added to each well.
- the solution in each well was aspirated and 150 ⁇ M DMS0 was added to shake the shaker. After 10 min, the absorbance at 490 nm per well was determined.
- the experimental result data is shown in Table 2.
- Table 2 shows that the peripheral blood mononuclear cell toxicity of lysin is significantly lower than the same dose of sulforaphane and Selected other chemotherapeutic drug treatment groups. Compared with chemotherapeutic drugs, it has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Lauron has a certain effect on cell proliferation. However, lysin has no significant effect on cell proliferation.
- Experimental cells Newborn SD rats of 1-2 days are selected. Male or female is not limited. After disinfection, the ventricular muscles are directly subtracted and digested with trypsin to prepare a myocardial cell suspension. Primary cardiomyocytes were cultured in a 37 ° C, 5% CO 2 incubator using a differential adherence method. 7% ⁇ The trypsin blue staining method to identify the cardiomyocyte activity was 98.2%; and further using the immunofluorescence method to identify the purity of cardiomyocytes was 98.7%.
- rat primary cardiomyocytes by lycopene and control drugs: After the primary cardiomyocytes of the rats were digested into single cells, they were inoculated into 24-well plates and cultured at 37 °C containing 5% C0 2 . Box culture. The preparation methods of lysin, sulforaphane and doxorubicin are the same as above. After inoculation of rat primary cardiomyocytes for 12 hours, the cells were cultured with the corresponding concentration of lysin, sulforaphane or doxorubicin. The negative control medium was cultured with an equal volume of sterile deionized water. cell.
- Table 3 shows that the myocardial cytotoxicity of lysin was significantly lower than that of the same dose of sulforaphane treatment, and the control doxorubicin was significantly toxic to cardiomyocytes.
- ATP/total protein Amount ⁇ 30 ⁇ 50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ ⁇ ; 3 ⁇ 4ane 30 ⁇ ; 3 ⁇ 4ane 50 ⁇ ; 3 ⁇ 4 alkyl doxorubicin
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Abstract
本发明提供一种异硫氰酯在制备治疗多种癌症与肿瘤的药物组合物的应用,更具体地,该药物组合物包括1-(烷基亚磺酰基)-2-异硫氰基烷基-1-烯烃。本发明还提供了人或哺乳动物服用该药物组合物的应用方法。本发明还提供一种1-(烷基亚磺酰基)-2-异硫氰基烷基-1-烯烃在制备保健品与食品添加剂上的应用。
Description
1- (烷基亚磺酰基) - 2-异硫氰基烷基 -1-烯烃在制备治疗多种癌症与肿瘤 的药物中的应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种 1- (烷基亚磺酰基) - 2-异硫氰基烷基 -1-烯烃(结构式 I)用 于治疗或预防人类或哺乳动物的多种癌症与肿瘤的应用。
1 - (烷基亚磺酰基) _2_异硫氰基烷基 _1 -烯烃 (结构式 I) 本发明还涉及结构式 I所示的化合物在制备用于治疗人类或哺乳动物的多 种癌症与肿瘤的药物中的应用。
本发明还涉及结构式 I所示的化合物在制备用于预防人类或哺乳动物的多 种癌症的保健品和食品添加剂中的应用。
莱菔素 (结构式 Π)
本发明还涉及结构式 I I 所示的化合物在制备用于治疗人类或哺乳动物的 多种癌症与肿瘤的药物中的应用。
本发明还涉及结构式 I I所示的化合物在制备用于预防人类或哺乳动物的多 种癌症的保健品和食品添加剂中的应用。
本发明涉及的含有莱菔素的药用组合物具有抑制多种癌细胞增殖的能力, 所示癌细胞包括但不限于、 肺癌、 胃癌、 结肠癌、 直肠癌、 卵巢癌、 乳腺癌、 曱状腺癌、 胰腺癌、 食道癌、 肝癌、 头颈肿瘤、 宫颈癌、 子宫内膜癌、 恶性黑
色素瘤以及膀胱癌。 背景技术
癌症由部分在控制增殖和分化的机制过程中叛变的正常细胞衍生而来。 在 细胞分化过程中 "叛变" 细胞脱离正轨, 自行设定增殖速度。 癌症细胞能够渗 入并破坏正常的人体组织, 遍布于人或动物的体内。 目前, 癌症是对人类健康 危害最大的疾病之一。 癌症已成为世界上第二大死亡原因, 据世界卫生组织统 计数据显示, 2007年全球共有 760万人死于癌症, 2030年全球因癌症死亡的人 数可能将增至 1320万, 而且, 全球 20%的新发癌症患者分布在中国, 全球 24% 的癌症死亡患者分布在中国。 2008年统计数据显示, 肺癌已经成为我国死亡率 最高的癌症, 肝癌则是我国死亡率仅次于肺癌的癌症。 近三十年来, 中国癌症 发病率和死亡率均呈现升高的态势。 因此,在发展中国家和世界上的其他地方, 迫切地需要一种能够对癌症有效和经济的预防和治疗方法、 以及相应的药物、 保健品和食品添加剂。
肿瘤一般分为实体瘤和非实体瘤(血液系统恶性肿瘤)。实体瘤包括头颈癌、 乳腺癌、 肺癌、 皮肤癌、 肾肿瘤、 结肠癌、 直肠癌、 胰腺癌以及前列腺癌。 非 实体瘤包括白血病和淋巴瘤。 实体瘤通常采用手术切除或者手术切除与放射疗 法相结合的治疗手段。 如果癌症发生转移则会采取化学治疗的手段。 而非实体 瘤通常采用化学治疗。
本发明则给出了预防和治疗实体瘤的方法。 化学治疗有两种方式: (1 )使 用对癌细胞和正常细胞都有杀伤能力的细胞毒性物质直接消灭癌细胞;( 2 ) 通 过干扰性激素的产生进而阻断激素依赖的癌症细胞生长。 用于临床癌症治疗的 具有细胞毒性的化疗药物可分为以下几种: 烷化剂、 抗肿瘤抗生素、 抗代谢剂、 生物制剂、 激素制剂、 中草药 /植物衍生剂。 预防医学统计数据显示,
长期大量食用含有丰富芸苔属植物(如: 西兰花、卷心菜、 芝麻菜、独行菜、 萝卜和甘蓝等)食物的人群, 其癌症的发病率低于不食用和少量食用芸苔属植 物的人群, 特别是肺癌、 直肠癌、 结肠癌、 胃癌、 前列腺癌(H igdon J V et a l. Pharmacology Research 2007, 55: 224-236; US7402569B2 ; US2011/0195432A1 ; US2010/0183740A1; US 2006/01677089A1) 0
人们认为十字花科植物 (尤其是芸苔属植物)在降低癌症发生风险方面发 挥了重要作用。 充分的科学实验数据显示, 芸苔属植物中富含莱菔硫烷的前体 物质——萝卜硫苷。 萝卜硫苷指莱菔硫烷 -硫代葡萄糖苷(SGS) , 它是具有很大 诱导 Phase ll解毒酶产生潜力的天然产物。 Phase II解毒酶能促使癌细胞快速凋 亡, 从而达到抗癌、 防癌的效果。 (s ingh A V et a l . Carc inogenes i s 2004, 25: 83-90; Nas truzz i C et a l. J. Agr ic. Food Chem. 1996, 44: 1014-1021 ;
Zhang Y &Tang L. Acta Pharmacologica S inica 2007, 28: 1343-1354; Higdon J V et a l. Pharmacology Research 2007; Pham N A et a l. Mol Cancer 2004, 3: 1239-1248 )。 萝卜硫苷是一种间接的长效抗氧化剂。 药代动力学研究表明, 在萝卜中分离得到的黑芥子酶可以水解西兰花中的萝卜硫苷。 黑芥子酶是在咀 嚼或者加工的过程中释放。 萝卜硫苷在被黑芥子酶水解后产生一个不稳定的中 间体, 该中间体进行重排后形成一种拥有抗癌活性的化合物——莱菔硫烷(筒 称 SFN )。 (Nas truzz i C et a l. J. Agr ic. Food Chem. 1996, 44: 1014-1021 ; Vaughn S F et a l. Indus t r ia l Crops and Product s 2005, 21: 193 - 202; Fahey J W et a l. Journa l of Chromatography A 2003, 966: 85-93; Zhang Y &Tang L. Acta Pharmacologica S inica 2007, 28: 1343—1354)。
莱菔硫烷是异硫氰酸酯化合物的一种, 通常是从十字花科蔬菜中芸苔属植 物里获得, 萝卜、 花椰菜、 椰菜芽甘蓝、 卷心菜、 芥末、 辣根、 西兰花中都含 有丰富莱菔^ i烷。 莱菔^ £烷具有治疗癌症的潜力, 能够减少癌症干细胞的生长 并能削弱它们的生存能力。 含有莱菔硫烷的化合物已经被用作化学预防剂。 鉴 于异硫氰酸酯类化合物有预防和治疗癌症的潜力, 因此在医学和药物界迫切需 要找到更多的对多种癌症具有预防和化学治疗更有效的化合物, 以用于制备能 够预防或治疗癌症的药物或制备能够预防或者治疗多种癌症的经济有效的保健 品和食品添力口剂。
莱菔素 (筒称 SFE )是萝卜籽中主要的含硫化合物, 在西兰花和紫甘蓝中 也有一定的含量。 莱菔素具有抗病毒, 抗真菌、 抗细菌 (例如葡萄球菌、 链球 菌、 肺炎球菌、 大肠杆菌。 详见表格) 的活性。 论抗病毒效果, 对革兰氏阳性 菌优于革兰氏阴性菌, 对脱氧核糖核酸病毒优于核糖核酸病毒, 它的活性会被 血清或者一些含硫化合物(如硫化氢、 巯基乙酸、 胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽)所抑制。 传统中药理论已经发现使用萝卜具有抗病毒、 抗真菌和抗病毒的效果。 考虑到 莱菔素能平衡体内曱状腺素和降血钙素的产生, 在俄罗斯, 萝卜已经长期用于 治疗各种类型的曱状腺疾病。
发现于萝卜籽(十字花科)中的莱菔素 [4-异硫氰酸基- (曱基亚磺酰基) -1- 丁烯] 为莱菔硫烷结构类似物, 对其抗癌研究的报道很少, 已有的少量研究表 明, 莱菔素具有抑制大肠癌癌细胞的作用, 从而可能具有防治大肠癌的效果。
然而, 这些研究非常初步, 而且也无研究涉及其与莱菔 烷的对比研究, 特别是, 由于癌症非常复杂, 不同种类的癌症通常具有显著不同的特性, 对不 同的抗癌药物的敏感性也通常有差异, 此外, 即使有研究表明莱菔素对某类肿 瘤或者癌症有效, 也无法确定莱菔素对其他肿瘤或者癌症是否有效, 或者, 某 种抗癌药物对某个 /某些种类的肿瘤或癌症的效果优于莱菔素,但不能确定其对 其他肿瘤或者癌症的效果是否优于莱菔素。 此外, 也无莱菔素与临床现有的一 线抗癌药物的对比研究以确定其抗癌的有效性和安全性, 进而显示其在临床应
用抗癌潜力的研究。
本发明中所引述的文献, 著作, 专利和专利申请的公开书, 其中全部或局 部都明确地和独立地都在本专利申请书引用参考。 发明概述
本发明意料之外地发现, 莱菔素不但对大多数癌细胞具有与莱菔硫烷和其 它几种一线化疗或者靶向药物, 包括, 但不限于厄洛替尼、 吉西他滨和紫杉醇 相当或者更优的抑制作用, 同时其安全性显著优于莱菔硫烷、 顺铂、 5-氟尿嘧 啶(5- FU )、 紫杉醇和阿霉素, 因而其对于多种癌症有应用价值, 包括, 但不 限于肺腺癌、 肺鳞癌、 胰腺癌, 肝癌、 乳腺癌、 宫颈癌和恶性黑色素瘤。
因此, 在本发明的一个方面, 提供了 1 - (烷基亚磺酰基) _2_异硫氰基烷基 -1-烯烃 (结构式 I)用于制备治疗或预防人类或哺乳动物的多种癌症的药物组 合物的应用。
1 - (烷基亚磺酰基 ) -2-异硫氰基烷基 -1 -烯烃 (结构式 I ) 其中 R2和 R3独立地代表被取代的或未被取代的烷基、烯烃、 炔基、 芳基、 烷氧基、 环氧基, 环氮基和芳氧基。 优选地, ^是曱基。 R2和 R3都为氢原子。 R4是 被取代的或未被取代的亚烷基, -CH -0-CH -, 烷氧芳基。 优选地, R4为亚曱基。 n的数值在 1-10之间。优选地,η的数值在 1-5之间。更优选地,η=2。其中 RrCf^ -R3的双键可以为顺式或反式结构。
在本发明的另一方面, 提供了 1_ (烷基亚磺酰基)- 2 -异硫氰基烷基- 1 -烯烃 (结构式 I)用于制备作预防人类或哺乳动物多种癌症的保健品或食品添加剂的 应用。
莱菔素: 1 - (曱基亚硫酰基) _ 4 -异硫 1 -丁烯(结构式 I I )
本发明另一个目的是提供莱菔素(结构式 Π)在制备预防人类或哺乳动物 种癌症的保健品和食品添加剂中的应用。
莱菔素是异硫氰酸酯家族的一员。 莱菔素与莱菔硫烷(结构式 I I I )的结构 区 和的 C=C键。
莱菔硫烷: 1 - (甲基亚硫酰基) _ 4 _异硫氰基丁烷 ( 结构式 I I I) 在本发明的一个具体实施方案中,所述莱菔素是从萝卜种子, 萝卜苗或萝卜 中提取。
在本发明的另一个具体实施方案中,所述药物组合物、保健品或食品添加剂 中含有药物用载体、 添加剂和药物用赋形剂。
本发明所述的药物组合物、保健品和食品添加剂对多种癌症具有抑制扩增作 用, 这里提到的癌症包括, 但不限于, 肺癌、 胃癌、 结肠癌、 直肠癌、 卵巢癌、 乳腺癌、 甲状腺癌、 胰腺癌、 食管癌、 肝癌、 头颈癌、 宫颈癌、 子宫内膜癌、 黑色素瘤、 膀胱癌。 发明详述
本发明提供了结构式 I I所示的莱菔素作为药用化合物, 它分离自芸苔属植 物中, 所述芸苔属植物包括(并不限于): 萝卜、 西兰花、 卷心菜、芥菜和辣根。 该化合物对于前面提及的癌症具有有效的预防和治疗作用。
本发明中在预防和治疗许多不同癌症时使用的莱菔素也可以用于食品、食品 添加剂和保健品。
本发明利用人 A549癌细胞株体外抗癌实验数据清楚地说明, 莱菔素对人肺 腺癌细胞生长增殖具有比莱菔^ £烷更强的抑制作用。 在利用不同浓度莱菔素和 莱菔硫烷给药 48小时后(给药浓度为: 10、 20、 30、 40和 50 μ Μ ), 经计算莱 菔素对 Α549人肺腺癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 )为: 10. 5 μ Μ; 莱菔硫 烷对 Α549人肺腺癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度( IC50 ) 为: 14· 7 μ Μ。
本发明利用人 Η460癌细胞株体外抗癌实验数据清楚地说明,莱菔素对人肺 鳞癌细胞生长增殖具有比莱菔^ £烷更强的抑制作用。 在利用不同浓度莱菔素和 莱菔硫烷给药 48小时后 (给药浓度为: 10、 20、 30、 40和 50 μ Μ ), Η460经 计算,莱菔素对 Η460人肺鳞癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50 )为: 25. 7 μ Μ; 莱菔硫烷对 Η460人肺腺癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度( IC50 ) 为: 34. 62 μ Μ。
本发明利用人 PANC-1癌细胞株体外抗癌实验数据清楚地说明, 莱菔素对人 胰腺癌细胞生长增殖具有比莱菔硫烷更强的抑制作用。 在利用不同浓度莱菔素 和莱菔硫烷给药 48小时后(给药浓度为: 10、 20、 30、 40和 50 μ Μ ), 经计算, 莱菔素对 PANC-1人胰腺癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 )为: 5. 18 μ Μ; 莱
菔硫烷对 PANC-l人胰腺癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50) 为: 6.73 μΜ。 本发明利用人 MCF-7癌细胞株体外抗癌实验数据清楚地说明,莱菔素对人乳 腺癌细胞生长增殖具有比莱菔^ £烷更强的抑制作用。 在利用不同浓度莱菔素和 莱菔硫烷给药 48小时后 (给药浓度为: 10、 20、 30、 40和 50 μΜ), 经计算, 莱菔素对 MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度( IC50) 为: 14.3 μΜ; 莱 菔硫烷对 MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50) 为: 19.46 μΜ。
本发明利用人 HepG2癌细胞株体外抗癌实验数据清楚地说明,莱菔素对人肝 癌细胞生长增殖具有抑制作用。在利用不同浓度莱菔素和莱菔硫烷给药 48小时 后 (给药浓度为: 10、 20、 30、 40和 50 μΜ), 经计算, 莱菔素对 HepG2人肝 癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 ) 为: 59.0 μΜ; 莱菔硫烷对 HepG2人肝癌 细胞生长的半数抑制浓度( IC50) 为: 47.33 μΜ。
本发明利用人 HeLa癌细胞株体外抗癌实验数据清楚地说明, 莱菔素对人宫 颈癌细胞生长增殖具有与莱菔^ £烷类似的抑制作用。 在利用不同浓度莱菔素和 莱菔硫烷给药 48小时后 (给药浓度为: 10、 20、 30、 40和 50 μΜ), 经计算, 莱菔素对 HeLa人肝癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 )为: 24.1 μΜ; 莱菔硫 烷对 HeLa人肝癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50) 为: 25.8 μΜ。
本发明利用人 Α375癌细胞株体外抗癌实验数据清楚地说明, 莱菔素对人恶 性黑色素癌细胞生长增殖具有比莱菔硫烷更强的抑制作用。 在利用不同浓度莱 菔素和莱菔硫烷给药 48小时后(给药浓度为: 10、 20、 30、 40和 50 μΜ), 经 计算, 莱菔素对 Α375 人恶性黑色素癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50) 为: 26.088 μΜ; 莱菔硫烷对 MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞生长的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 )为: 33.11 μΜ。
本发明利用人 Α549和 Η460癌细胞株体外抗癌实验数据清楚地说明,较之厄 洛替尼、 吉西他滨和紫杉醇, 莱菔素对肺癌细胞生长增殖具有更为显著的抑制 效果。
本发明利用人 MCF-7 癌细胞株体外抗癌实验数据清楚地说明, 较之厄洛替 尼、 吉西他滨和紫杉醇, 莱菔素的抑癌效果虽不及相同浓度的紫杉醇, 却显著 高于吉西他滨和 5-FU。
本发明利用人外周血单个核细胞进行细胞毒性实验数据清楚地说明,莱菔素 人白细胞的毒性显著低于莱菔硫烷、 顺铂、 5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)、 紫杉醇和阿霉 素。 进一步利用大鼠心肌细胞进行药物毒性评价试验数据说明, 莱菔素的毒性 显著低于莱菔硫烷和阿霉素。
本发明中包含莱菔素的组合物的受试者可以是人类,灵长类或者其他哺乳动 物, 上述化合物的给药途径可以是口服、 经鼻给药、 肠道外给药、 外用 (滴剂 或透皮贴剂)。 术语 "肠道外给药"所指的用药途径包括静脉内、肌内、胸骨内、 皮下和关节内注射。
本发明中包含莱菔素的组合物可以是固体形式, 如片剂、 糖衣片、 丸剂、 胶 嚢剂、颗粒剂或者是微粒剂(包括粉末或小袋包装), 固体制剂可以将药学上的 惰性成分与固体形式的莱菔素混合而得到。。
本发明中的包含莱菔素的组合物的剂型可以是口服液体剂型,其中包括,但 不限于, 药学上可接受的乳剂、 溶液、 悬浮液糖浆和酏剂。 液体剂型中除了莱 菔素可能含有惰性稀释剂, 例如, 水、 增溶剂和乳化剂。 所述惰性稀释剂还可 以包括佐剂, 如润湿剂、 乳化剂、 助悬剂、 甜味剂、 矫味剂和芳香剂。
本发明中的包含莱菔素的组合物的剂型可以是注射剂型剂型,其中包括,但 不限于, 药学上可接受的乳剂、 溶液。
本发明中的包含莱菔素的组合物的剂型可以是混悬剂。 所述的悬浮剂可以 是异硬脂醇、 聚山梨糖醇、 山梨糖醇酐酯、 微晶纤维素、 膨润土、 琼脂, 黄蓍 胶, 以及它们的混合物。
本发明中包含莱菔素的组合物,可以以来源于磷脂或其他脂类物质的脂质体 的形式给药。 脂质体是利用磷脂双分子层膜所形成的嚢泡包裹药物分子而形成 的制剂。 脂质体可以用在营养物质和药物的载体。 可以通过破坏生物膜的方法 (例如超声处理 )制备脂质体。
本发明中含有 1- (烷基亚磺酰基) -2-异硫氰基烷基 -1-烯烃的组合物还可以 含有一种或多种本领域技术人员已知的药用载体、 添加剂和赋形剂, 所述药用 载体例如美国专利 5, 650, 386 号所述的载体: 8- [ (2-羟基苯酰基)胺基]辛酸 钠。所述载体可以依照美国专利 5, 650, 386 号所述的方法来使用。所述添加剂 可为例如维生素 A或维生素 C。 所述赋形剂包括但不限于无毒的固体或液体。 附图说明
下面通过附图并结合具体实施方式来进一步描述本发明, 在附图中: 图 1显示莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 A549人肺腺癌细胞的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 值)。
图 2显示莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 H460人肺鳞癌细胞的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 值)。
图 3显示莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 PANC-1人胰腺癌细胞的半数抑制浓度( IC50 值)。
图 4显示莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 值)。
图 5 显示莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 HepG2 人肝癌细胞的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 值)。
图 6显示莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 HeLa人宫颈癌细胞的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 值)。
图 7显示莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 A375人恶性黑色素癌细胞的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50值)。
图 8显示莱菔素 H460人肺鳞癌细胞棵鼠移植瘤抑癌实验结果。
图 9显示莱菔素和莱菔硫烷 H460人肺鳞癌细胞棵鼠移植瘤抑癌实验结果。 具体实施方式
I. 抑制人类体外癌细胞的生长的实验
莱菔素的制备: 在室温环境下, 在 pH=7 的磷酸盐緩沖液中, 预先磨碎的萝 卜种子中的硫代葡萄糖苷被内源性的黑芥子酶水解。 为了去除蛋白和其他杂质 将 pH值提高到 2. 0 , 经过过滤、 萃取、 烘干后即可得到天然粗提物。 通过高速 逆流色语得到纯度大于 98%的莱菔素。
一般操作步骤: 人类癌细胞培养在含 10%胎牛血清(FBS)的 RPMI-1640 ( HyClone )培养基中, 在含有在含 5% C02的 37 °C培养箱培养 24小时, 细胞 增殖后用 0. 25%胰蛋白酶及 0. 02%EDTA常规消化后传代。 EDTA是传统消化的手 段。 胰蛋白酶是丝氨酸蛋白酶, 具有底物特异性, 用于消化贴壁细胞。 然而, 细胞中存在的二价阳离子,如钙和镁可以抑制消化。 EDTA可以螯合二价阳离子, 从而提高胰蛋白酶的消化效果。常用的 MTT法测定细胞增殖、存活细胞的百分比 和细胞毒性。 MTT ( 3_ [4, 5 -二曱基吡啶 _2 -基] _2, 5 -二苯基四唑溴) [又名噻唑 蓝]的黄色染料。 检测原理为活细胞线粒体中的琥珀酸脱氢酶能使外源性 MTT 还原为水不溶性的蓝紫色结晶曱臜(Formazan )并沉积在细胞中, 而死细胞无 此功能。二曱基亚砜(DMS0 )能溶解细胞中的曱臜, 用酶联免疫检测仪在 490nm 波长处测定其光吸收值, 可间接反映活细胞数量。 在一定细胞数范围内, MTT 结晶形成的量与细胞数成正比。 因此可以用于评估和确定的存活率或细胞的抑 制率。 该方法已广泛用于一些生物活性因子的活性检测、 大规模的抗肿瘤药物 筛选、 细胞毒性试验以及肿瘤放射敏感性测定等。 它的特点是灵敏度高。
通过以下具体实施例的详细描述, 进一步阐明本发明的优点, 然而, 下述实 施例并不构成对本发明中任何或者全部权利要求保护范围的限制。
实施例 1:
一、 材料和方法
1. 实验细胞系和相关化学试剂: 人肺腺癌细胞系 A549购买自美国 ATCC细 胞库, 培养在含 10%胎牛血清的 RPMI-1640 ( HyClone )培养基中, 用 0. 25%胰 蛋白酶及 0. 02% EDTA常规消化后传代。本实验相关化学试剂皆购自 S igma公司。
2. 莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 A549 细胞的体外抑制实验: 取对数生长期的 A549 细胞消化成单个细胞后, 接种于 96孔板中, 每孔 3000个细胞, 在含 5% C02的 37 °C培养箱培养。 将莱菔素和莱菔^ £烷用无菌去离子水溶解后, 过 0. 22 μ ηι滤
膜除菌, 用含血清培养液稀释, 使莱菔素和莱菔硫烷最终浓度分别为 10 μΜ、 20 μΜ、 30 μΜ、 40 μΜ和 50 μΜ, 在 Α549细胞接种培养 24小时后, 换成含 莱菔素和莱菔硫烷相应浓度的培养液培养细胞, 阴性对照组培养基中加入等体 积的无菌去离子水培养细胞。 再分别培养 48小时后, 每孔加入 20 μΐ ΜΤΤ, 在含 5%C02的 37°C培养箱继续孵育 3小时后,吸净每孔中的溶液,分别加入 150 μΐ DMS0, 摇床振荡 10 min后, 测定每孔 490 nm 波长下的吸光度。 以 0小时 的阴性对照组存活细胞数为基准, 计算细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50), 实验 结果数据见图 1。
二、 实验结果图 1显示, 莱菔素对 A549人肺腺癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著 的抑制效果。 处理 48小时后, 莱菔素对 A549细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50) 为: 10.5 μΜ;莱菔^ £烷对 Α549人肺腺癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著的抑制效果。 处理 48小时后,莱菔硫烷对 Α549细胞生长的半数抑制浓度( IC50 )为: 14.7 μ
Μ。 实施例 2:
一、 材料和方法
1.实验细胞系和相关化学试剂:人肺鳞癌细胞系 Η460购买自美国 ATCC细胞 库, 培养在含 10%胎牛血清的 RPMI-1640 (HyClone)培养基中, 用 0.25%胰蛋 白酶及 0.02% EDTA常规消化后传代。 本实验相关化学试剂皆购自 Sigma公司。
2.莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 H460细胞的体外抑制实验: 取对数生长期的 H460细 胞消化成单个细胞后,接种于 96孔板中,每孔 3000个细胞,在含 5%C02的 37 °C 培养箱培养。 将莱菔素和莱菔^ £烷用无菌去离子水溶解后, 过 0.22 μηι滤膜除 菌,用含血清培养液稀释,使莱菔素和莱菔硫烷最终浓度分别为 10 μΜ、 20 μ Μ、 30 μΜ、 40 μΜ和 50 μΜ, 在 Η460细胞接种培养 24小时后, 换成含莱菔素 和莱菔硫烷相应浓度的培养液培养细胞, 阴性对照组培养基中加入等体积的无 菌去离子水培养细胞。再分别培养 48小时后,每孔加入 20 μ L ΜΤΤ,在含 5% C02 的 37 ° 培养箱继续孵育 3 h后, 吸净每孔中的溶液, 分别加入 150 μΐ DMS0, 摇床振荡 lOmin后, 测定每孔 490 nm 波长下的吸光度。 以 0小时的阴性对照组 存活细胞数为基准, 计算细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50), 实验结果数据见图 2。
二、 实验结果
图 2显示, 莱菔素对 H460人肺鳞癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著的抑制效果。 处理 48小时后, 莱菔素对 H460细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50)为: 25.7 μ Μ; 莱菔硫烷对 Η460 人肺鳞癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著的抑制效果。 处理 48 小时后, 莱菔硫烷对 Η460细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50) 为: 34.62 μΜ。
实施例 3:
一、 材料和方法
1.实验细胞系和相关化学试剂: 人胰腺癌细胞系 PANC-1 购买自美国 ATCC 细胞库, 培养在含 10%胎牛血清的 RPMI-1640 (HyClone)培养基中, 用 0.25% 胰蛋白酶及 0.02% EDTA 常规消化后传代。 本实验相关化学试剂皆购自 Sigma 公司。
2.莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 PANC-1 细胞的体外抑制实验: 取对数生长期的 PANC-1细胞消化成单个细胞后, 接种于 96孔板中, 每孔 3000个细胞, 在含 5% C02的 37 °C培养箱培养。 将莱菔素和莱菔^ 烷用无菌去离子水溶解后, 过 0.22 μηι滤膜除菌, 用含血清培养液稀释, 使莱菔素和莱菔硫烷最终浓度分别为 10 μΜ、 20 μΜ、 30 μΜ、 40 μΜ和 50 μΜ, 在 PANC- 1细胞接种培养 24小时后, 换成含莱菔素和莱菔硫烷相应浓度的培养液培养细胞, 阴性对照组培养基中加 入等体积的无菌去离子水培养细胞。 再分别培养 48 小时后, 每孔加入 20 μΐ ΜΤΤ, 在含 5%C02的 37°C培养箱继续孵育 3 h后, 吸净每孔中的溶液, 分别加入 150 μΐ DMS0, 摇床振荡 10 min后, 测定每孔 490 nm 波长下的吸光度。 以 0 小时的阴性对照组存活细胞数为基准, 计算细胞生长的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50), 实验结果数据见图 3。
二、 实验结果图 3显示, 莱菔素对 PANC-1人胰腺癌细胞的生长增殖具有显 著的抑制效果。 处理 48 小时后, 莱菔素对 PANC-1 细胞生长的半数抑制浓度
( IC50 )为: 5.18 μΜ; 莱菔硫烷对 PANC-1人胰腺癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著 的抑制效果。 处理 48 小时后, 莱菔硫烷对 PANC-1 细胞生长的半数抑制浓度 ( IC50 ) 为: 6.73 μΜ。 实施例 4:
一、 材料和方法
1.实验细胞系和相关化学试剂: 人乳腺癌细胞系 MCF-7购买自美国 ATCC细 胞库, 培养在含 10%胎牛血清的 RPMI-1640 (HyClone)培养基中, 用 0.25%胰 蛋白酶及 0.02% EDTA常规消化后传代。本实验相关化学试剂皆购自 Sigma公司。
2.莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 MCF-7 细胞的体外抑制实验: 取对数生长期的 MCF-7 细胞消化成单个细胞后, 接种于 96孔板中, 每孔 3000个细胞, 在含 5% C02的 37 °C培养箱培养。 将莱菔素和莱菔^ 烷用无菌去离子水溶解后, 过 0.22 μηι 滤膜除菌,用含血清培养液稀释,使莱菔素和莱菔硫烷最终浓度分别为 10 μΜ、 20 μΜ、 30 μΜ、 40 μΜ和 50 μΜ, 在 MCF-7细胞接种培养 24小时后, 换成含 莱菔素和莱菔硫烷相应浓度的培养液培养细胞, 阴性对照组培养基中加入等体 积的无菌去离子水培养细胞。 再分别培养 48小时后, 每孔加入 20 μΐ ΜΤΤ, 在含 5% C02的 37 !培养箱继续孵育 3 h后, 吸净每孔中的溶液, 分别加入 150
μΐ DMSO, 摇床振荡 10 min后, 测定每孔 490 nm 波长下的吸光度。 以 0小时 的阴性对照组存活细胞数为基准, 计算细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50), 实验 结果数据见图 4。
二、 实验结果图 4显示, 莱菔素对 MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著 的抑制效果。 处理 48h后, 莱菔素对 MCF-7细胞生长的半数抑制浓度( IC50 ) 为: 14.3 μΜ; 莱菔硫烷对 MCF-7人乳腺癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著的抑制效 果。处理 48h后,莱菔硫烷对 MCF-7细胞生长的半数抑制浓度( IC50)为: 19.46 μΜ。 实施例 5:
一、 材料和方法
1.实验细胞系和相关化学试剂: 人肝癌细胞系 HepG2购买自美国 ATCC细胞 库, 培养在含 10%胎牛血清的 RPMI-1640 (HyClone)培养基中, 用 0.25%胰蛋 白酶及 0.02% EDTA常规消化后传代。 本实验相关化学试剂皆购自 Sigma公司。
2.莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 HepG2 细胞的体外抑制实验: 取对数生长期的 HepG2 细胞消化成单个细胞后, 接种于 96孔板中, 每孔 3000个细胞, 在含 5% C02的 37 °C培养箱培养。 将莱菔素和莱菔^ £烷用无菌去离子水溶解后, 过 0.22 μηι 滤膜除菌,用含血清培养液稀释,使莱菔素和莱菔硫烷最终浓度分别为 10μ Μ、 20 μΜ、 30 μΜ、 40 μΜ和 50 μΜ, 在 HepG2细胞接种培养 24小时后, 换成含 莱菔素和莱菔硫烷相应浓度的培养液培养细胞, 阴性对照组培养基中加入等体 积的无菌去离子水培养细胞。 再分别培养 48小时后, 每孔加入 20 μΐ ΜΤΤ, 在含 5%C02的 37°C培养箱继续孵育 3h后,吸净每孔中的溶液,分别加入 150 μ L DMSO, 摇床振荡 lOmin后, 测定每孔 490 nm 波长下的吸光度。 以 0小时的阴 性对照组存活细胞数为基准, 计算细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50), 实验结果 数据见图 5。
二、 实验结果
图 5显示, 莱菔素对 HepG2人肝癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著的抑制效果。处 理 48小时后,莱菔素对 HepG2细胞生长的半数抑制浓度( IC50)为: 59.0 μΜ; 莱菔硫烷对 HepG2人肝癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著的抑制效果。处理 48小时后, 莱菔硫烷对 HepG2细胞生长的半数抑制浓度( IC50 ) 为: 47.33 μΜ。 实施例 6:
一、 材料和方法
1.实验细胞系和相关化学试剂:人宫颈癌细胞系 HeLa购买自美国 ATCC细胞 库, 培养在含 10%胎牛血清的 RPMI-1640 (HyClone)培养基中, 用 0.25%胰蛋 白酶及 0.02% EDTA常规消化后传代。 本实验相关化学试剂皆购自 Sigma公司。
2.莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 HeLa细胞的体外抑制实验:取对数生长期的 HeLa细胞 消化成单个细胞后, 接种于 96孔板中, 每孔 3000个细胞, 在含 5%C02的 37 °C 培养箱培养。 将莱菔素和莱菔^ £烷用无菌去离子水溶解后, 过 0.22 μηι滤膜除 菌,用含血清培养液稀释,使莱菔素和莱菔硫烷最终浓度分别为 10 μΜ、 20 μ Μ、 30 μΜ、 40 μΜ和 50 μΜ, 在 HeLa细胞接种培养 24小时后, 换成含莱菔素 和莱菔硫烷相应浓度的培养液培养细胞, 阴性对照组培养基中加入等体积的无 菌去离子水培养细胞。再分别培养 48小时后,每孔加入 20 μ L ΜΤΤ,在含 5% C02 的 37 ° 培养箱继续孵育 3h后, 吸净每孔中的溶液, 分别加入 150 μΐ DMS0, 摇床振荡 10 min后, 测定每孔 490 nm 波长下的吸光度。 以 0小时的阴性对照 组存活细胞数为基准, 计算细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50), 实验结果数据见 图 6。
二、 实验结果
图 6显示, 莱菔素对 HeLa人宫颈癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著的抑制效果。 处理 48h后, 莱菔素对 HeLa细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50) 为: 24.1 μΜ; 莱菔硫烷对 HeLa人宫颈癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著的抑制效果。 处理 48h后, 莱菔硫烷对 HeLa细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50) 为: 25.8 μΜ。 实施例 7:
一、 材料和方法
1.实验细胞系和相关化学试剂: 人恶性黑色素癌细胞系 Α375 购买自美国 ATCC细胞库,培养在含 10%胎牛血清的 RPMI_1640( HyClone )培养基中,用 0.25% 胰蛋白酶及 0.02% EDTA 常规消化后传代。 本实验相关化学试剂皆购自 Sigma 公司。
2.莱菔素和莱菔硫烷对 A375细胞的体外抑制实验: 取对数生长期的 A375细 胞消化成单个细胞后,接种于 96孔板中,每孔 3000个细胞,在含 5% C02的 37°C 培养箱培养。 将莱菔素和莱菔^ £烷用无菌去离子水溶解后, 过 0.22 μηι滤膜除 菌,用含血清培养液稀释,使莱菔素和莱菔硫烷最终浓度分别为 10 μΜ、 20 μ Μ、 30 μΜ、 40 μΜ和 50 μΜ, 在 Α375细胞接种培养 24小时后, 换成含莱菔素 和莱菔硫烷相应浓度的培养液培养细胞, 阴性对照组培养基中加入等体积的无 菌去离子水培养细胞。再分别培养 48小时后,每孔加入 20 μ L ΜΤΤ,在含 5% C02 的 37°C培养箱继续孵育 3 h后, 吸净每孔中的溶液, 分别加入 150 μΐ DMS0, 摇床振荡 10 min后, 测定每孔 490 nm波长下的吸光度。 以 0小时的阴性对照组 存活细胞数为基准, 实验结果数据见图 7。
二、 实验结果
图 7显示, 莱菔素对 A375人恶性黑色素癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著的抑制 效果。 处理 48小时后, 莱菔素对 A375细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50) 为:
7. 8 μ Μ; 莱菔硫烷对 A375人恶性黑色素癌细胞的生长增殖具有显著的抑制效 果。 处理 48小时后, 莱菔硫烷对 Α375细胞生长的半数抑制浓度(IC50 ) 为: 9. 11 μ Μ。 实施例 8:
一、 材料和方法
厄洛替尼、 吉西他滨、 紫杉醇或 5-FU四种药物是肺癌和乳腺癌化疗的有效 治疗药物。 其中, 作为一种靶向治疗药物, 厄洛替尼可试用于两个或两个以上 化疗方案失败的局部晚期或转移的非小细胞肺癌的三线治疗。 吉西他滨目前作 为晚期非小细胞肺癌和转移性乳腺癌的一线治疗药物在临床使用。 紫杉醇主要 适用于乳腺癌, 对肺癌也有一定疗效。 5-FU对乳腺癌和消化系统癌 (食管癌、 胃癌、 肠癌、 胰腺癌、 肝癌) 疗效较好。 因此, 本实施例选用上述四种药物为 对照化疗药物, 研究莱菔素与其抑癌效果的差异。 1.实验细胞系和相关化学试 剂: 人肺腺癌细胞系 Α549、 人肺鳞癌细胞系 Η460和人乳腺癌细胞系 MCF-7的来 源及培养条件如前所述。本实验相关化学试剂皆购自 S i gma公司。 2.莱菔素与其 他化疗药物比较对 A549、 H460和 MCF-7细胞的体外抑制实验: 取对数生长期的 A549、 H460和 MCF-7细胞消化成单个细胞后, 接种于 96孔板中, 每孔 3000个 细胞, 在含 5% C02的 37 °C培养箱培养。 以 10 μ Μ莱菔素和 10 μ Μ其他化疗药 物(厄洛替尼、 吉西他滨、 紫杉醇或 5-FU )处理细胞, 阴性对照组培养基中加 入等体积的无菌去离子水培养细胞。 ΜΤΤ法测定上述药物的抑癌效果。 以 0小时 的阴性对照组存活细胞数为基准, 计算抑癌效果。 上述药物对肿瘤细胞的抑制 率详见表 1。
二、 实验结果
如表 1 所示, 较之厄洛替尼、 吉西他滨和紫杉醇, 莱菔素对 Α549和 Η460 细胞生长增殖具有更为显著的抑制效果。 在 MCF-7中, 莱菔素的抑癌效果虽不 及相同浓度的紫杉醇, 却显著高于吉西他滨和 5-FU。
从以上的结果可以看出, 对于大多数癌细胞, 莱菔素具有与莱菔硫烷和其 它几种一线化疗或者靶向药物, 包括但不限于厄洛替尼、 吉西他滨和紫杉醇相 当或者更优的抑制作用, 因而, 莱菔素对于以下癌症的生长具有显著的效果, 这里提到的癌症包括, 并不限于人肺腺癌、 人肺鳞癌、 人胰腺癌, 人肝癌、 人 乳腺癌、 人宫颈癌和人恶性黑色素瘤。
I I.抑制动物体内癌细胞的生长的实验
实施例 9:
1 肿瘤细胞腋下接种:
1. 1动物的准备: 采用 30只棵鼠, 雌雄各半, 在实验室中正常喂养 3到 5
天。
1. 2、 H460细胞的准备: 取正常培养好的 H460肿瘤细胞, 利用 PBS稀释配制 成细胞浓度为 7. 5 X 106个 /毫升的肿瘤细胞悬液。
1. 3、 肿瘤细胞的接种: 利用 1毫升的无菌注射器, 吸取已经充分摇匀的肿 瘤细胞悬液 0. 2毫升, 通过皮下注射, 将肿瘤细胞接种至棵鼠的腋下。 正常喂 养约 2-3天, 待肿瘤组织长至长径约 3毫米, 短径约 2毫米时, 将全部均长有 肿瘤组织的棵鼠随机分成 3组并投入后期给药实验中。
2 实验组设计: 灌胃药的水溶液的浓度为 35. 37 X 10— 3mol - L_1 2. 对照组: 长好肿瘤组织的雌雄棵鼠各五只, 每周灌胃超纯水三次(周一、 周三和周五下 午), 每次灌胃体积为 0. 3毫升。 2. 2、 实验组 1 : 长好肿瘤组织的雌雄棵鼠各 五只, 每周灌胃 75mg/kg的莱菔素药液三次(周一、 周三和周五下午), 每次灌 胃体积为 0. 3毫升。 2. 3、 实验组 2: 长好肿瘤组织的雌雄棵鼠各五只, 每周灌 胃 75mg/kg的莱菔硫烷药液三次(周一、周三和周五下午),每次灌胃体积为 0. 3 毫升。
3、 实验数据采集方法:
3. 1、 棵鼠体重数据的采集: 每周采集棵鼠体重数据三次, 分别在周一、 周 三和周五下午进行。 利用电子天平, 体重数据记录到 0. 01克。
3. 2、棵鼠肿瘤组织大小数据的采集: 每周采集棵鼠肿瘤组织大小数据三次, 分别在周一、 周三和周五下午进行。 利用电子游标卡尺, 肿瘤组织长径和短径 数据记录到 0. 01毫米。
3. 3、 其他数据与现象的观察: 密切观察棵鼠的存活情况, 如有死亡发生, 应及时记录死亡的时间、 棵鼠编号及对应的组别。 如观察到棵鼠有异常情况发 生, 应及时记录情况发生的时间和症状。
3. 4、实验结束时间:当对照组中棵鼠肿瘤组织大小平均长至 1000毫立方(体 积=长径 X短径 2 X 0. 5236 )时, 应该在处理棵鼠之前, 称量棵鼠体重及棵鼠肿 瘤组织的大小并记录数据; 停止实验并及时处理棵鼠。
3. 5、 实验结束时棵鼠的处理方式: 将棵鼠逐个处死, 将所有棵鼠按照不同 组别排列后照相, 同时挑选每组六只具有代表性的棵鼠进行照相; 然后逐个剥 离肿瘤组织称重, 放置在对应的位置, 照相)。 动物实验结果如下:
每周灌胃三次(每次 75mg/kg)用本发明的莱菔素药液, 或者用对照组药液。 从以上的结果, 可以不难地看出本发明的优点: 莱菔素对于体内癌细胞的生长 具有显著抑制的效果(图 8 ), 而且, 其抑制作用要优于莱菔硫烷(图 9 )。
III.人外周血单个核细胞毒性实验
一般操作步骤: 正常人外周血细胞经 Ficoll 分离, 获得单个核细胞, 经 PBS清洗三次后, IMDM+10%FBS悬浮, 加入 10 μΜ、 30 μΜ和 50 μΜ的莱菔素 或莱菔硫烷及其他 4种化疗药物处理,按每孔 2.5万个细胞 /lOOuL培养基接种 96孔板, 37°C培养过夜。
处理: 由于外周血单个核细胞体外培养增殖有限, 而且较快地进入衰亡期, 因而,选择在 24小时后以 MTT方法检测细胞活性。分别选取具有不同作用机制 的 4种药物: 顺铂、 5-氟尿嘧啶( 5- FU)、 紫杉醇和阿霉素。 以 10 μΜ的药物 浓度处理白细胞。 实验共分为 11组, 分别为: 10 μΜ、 30 μΜ和 50 μΜ的莱 菔素处理组、 10 μΜ、 30 μΜ和 50 μΜ的莱菔石充烷处理组、 顺铂处理组、 紫 杉醇处理组、 阿霉素处理组、 5-Fu处理组和阴性对照组, 具体数据见表 2。 阴 性对照: 选择经无菌去离子水处理的外周血单个核细胞组作为阴性对照组。 实施例 10:
一、 材料和方法
1. 实验细胞: 正常人外周血细胞经 Ficoll分离,获得单个核细胞,经 PBS 清洗三次后, IMDM+10%FBS悬浮培养。 0.25%胰蛋白酶及 0.02%EDTA常规消化后 传代。
2. 莱菔素及对照化疗药物对人外周血单个核细胞的体外抑制实验:取人外 周血单个核细胞消化成单个细胞后, 接种于 96孔板中, 每孔 3000个细胞, 在 含 5% C02的 37 °C培养箱培养。 将莱菔素用无菌去离子水溶解后, 过 0.22 μηι 滤膜除菌, 用含血清培养液稀释, 使莱菔素最终浓度分别为 10 μΜ、 30 μΜ和 50 μΜ。 莱菔^ £烷的配制方法同上书莱菔素配置方法。 对照化疗药物的配置浓 度分布为: 顺铂: 50 μΜ; 5-FU: 60 μΜ; 紫杉醇: 20 μΜ; 阿霉素: 5 μΜ。 在人 外周血单个核细胞接种培养 12小时后,换成含相应浓度的莱菔素或化疗药物培 养液培养细胞, 阴性对照组培养基中加入等体积的无菌去离子水培养细胞。 再 分别培养 24小时后, 每孔加入 20 L MTT, 在含 5% C02的 37 °C培养箱继续孵 育 3 h后, 吸净每孔中的溶液, 分别加入 150 μ ΐ DMS0, 摇床振荡 10 min后, 测定每孔 490 nm 波长下的吸光度。 实验结果数据见表 2。
二、 实验结果
表 2显示, 莱菔素对外周血单个核细胞毒性显著低于相同剂量莱菔硫烷及
选择的其它化疗药物处理组。 对照化疗药物对人外周血单个核细胞的生长增殖 具有显著的抑制效果, 莱菔^ £烷对上述细胞增殖有一定的影响, 然而, 莱菔素 对上述细胞增殖未见显著影响。
IV.大鼠心肌细胞毒性实验
一般操作步骤: 选择 1-2天的新生 SD大鼠, 雌雄不限, 无菌条件下分离原 代心肌细胞。 细胞培养 3天后, 加入 10 μ Μ、 30 μ Μ和 50 μ Μ的莱菔素或莱 菔^ £烷及 10 μ Μ阿霉素处理 24小时。 利用 ΑΤΡ/总蛋白比值表征上述药物的心 月几毒性。 实验共分为 8组, 分别为: 10 μ Μ、 30 μ Μ和 50 μ Μ的莱菔素处理 组、 10 μ Μ、 30 μ Μ和 50 μ Μ的莱菔疏烷处理组、 阿霉素处理组和阴性对照 组, 具体数据见表 2。 阴性对照: 选择经无菌去离子水处理的大鼠心肌细胞组 作为阴性对照组。 实施例 11:
一、 材料和方法
1. 实验细胞: 选择 1-2天的新生 SD大鼠, 雌雄不限, 消毒后直接减去心室 肌肉, 用胰蛋白酶消化, 制成心肌细胞悬液。 在 37 °C、 5%C02培养箱中, 利用差 速贴壁法培养原代心肌细胞。 利用台盼蓝染色法鉴定心肌细胞活性平均为 98. 2%; 并进而利用免疫荧光法鉴定心肌细胞纯度为 98. 7%。
2. 莱菔素及对照药物对大鼠原代心肌细胞的体外抑制实验:取大鼠原代心 肌细胞消化成单个细胞后, 接种于 24孔板中, 在含 5% C02的 37 °C培养箱培养。 莱菔素、 莱菔硫烷和阿霉素的配制方法同上。 在大鼠原代心肌细胞接种培养 12 小时后, 换成含相应浓度的莱菔素、 莱菔硫烷或阿霉素培养液培养细胞, 阴性 对照组培养基中加入等体积的无菌去离子水培养细胞。 再分别培养 6 小时后, 将所有试验孔中换成无药物正常细胞培养基。 在含 5%C02的 37 °C培养箱继续孵 育 42小时后, 吸净每孔中的溶液, 磷酸盐緩沖液沖洗 3次后, 胰酶消化收集细 胞, 并分为两份。 其中一份细胞利用报告基因试验测定 ATP水平。 另一份细胞利 用 BCA法测定细胞蛋白质总浓度。计算 ATP (ng)和蛋白质浓度(μ §)的比值,各个 实验组与阴性对照组相除得到相对 ΑΤΡ/总蛋白比值。 实验结果数据见表 3。
二、 实验结果
表 3显示, 莱菔素的心肌细胞毒性显著低于相同剂量莱菔硫烷处理组, 对 照阿霉素对心肌细胞具有明显毒性。 结论: 本发明的系统研究表明, 莱菔素对于大多数癌细胞具有与莱菔硫烷 和其它几种一线化疗或者靶向药物, 包括, 但不限于厄洛替尼、 吉西他滨和紫 杉醇相当或者更优的抑制作用, 同时, 意料之外的是, 本品的安全性不但显著
优于顺铂、 5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU )、 紫杉醇和阿霉素, 而且显著优于莱菔硫烷, 是 本发明中提及唯一对正常组织无显著毒性的化合物, 因而其在多种癌症上有应 用价值, 所述多种癌症包括, 但不限于人肺腺癌、 人肺鳞癌、 人胰腺癌, 人肝 癌、 人乳腺癌、 人宫颈癌和人恶性黑色素瘤。
表 1. 10 μΜ莱菔素和对照化疗药物的抑癌率(%)
细胞系 莱菔素 厄洛替尼 吉西他滨 紫杉醇 5-FU
Α549 46.8 30.3 6.9 28.8
Η460 34.2 33.1 4.3 17.3
MCF-7 41.9 NA 40.1 89.6 15.8 表 2 莱菔素、 莱菔^ £烷和对照化疗 物对外周血单个核细胞的毒性试验结果
o
紫 杉
ΙΟμΜ来;!艮素 30μΜ来;!艮素 50μΜ来;!艮素 素阿 霉 顺箱 5- mFUl 对阴照性
1 0.782 0.718 0.702 0.470 0.493 0.81
2 0.833 0.706 0.518 0.484 0.809
3 0.824 0.713 0.530 0.525 0.786
4 0.763 0.671 0.482 0.461 0.790 均值 0.827 0.718 0.500 0.491 0.799
00
计算出的细胞活力 ¾ 103.5 89.9 85.7 82.4 77.6 78.4 87.2 62.3 62.6 61.4 100 表 3 莱菔素、 莱菔硫烷和阿霉素对大鼠心肌细胞的毒性试验结果(与阴性对照的比值, %)
ATP/总蛋白量 ΙΟμΜ莱菔素 30μΜ莱菔素 50μΜ莱菔素 10 μ Μ莱菔; ¾烷 30μΜ莱菔; ¾烷 50μΜ莱菔; ¾烷 阿霉素
1 98.2 94.1 91.0 90.0 85.1 77.5 47.3
2 99.4 95.5 92.3 88.2 83.3 76.7 43.1
3 95.9 93.2 88.7 91.4 81.6 73.9 50.5 均值 ( % ) 97.83 94.27 90.67 o 89.87 83.33 76.03 46.97 ο
ο
o o
Claims
1、 1- (烷基亚磺酰基) -2-异硫氰基烷基 -1-烯烃(结构式 I)在制备用于治疗 或预防人类或哺乳动物癌症与肿瘤的药物组合物、 保健品或食品添加剂上的应 用:
结构式 I
其中 R2和 R3独立地指取代的或未取代的烷基、 烯烃、 炔基、 芳基、 烷氧 基、环氧基,环氮基和芳氧基; R4指取代的或未取代的亚烷基, _CH2-0-CH2-和 烷 氧芳基; n的数值在 1-10之间。
2、 权利要求 1所述的应用, 其中 ^是甲基。
3、 权利要求 1所述的应用, R2和 R3都为氢原子。
4、 权利要求 1所述的应用, R4是亚甲基, 且 n=2。
5、 权利要求 1所述的应用, 其中结构式 I的化合物是 4-异硫氰基 -1- (甲 基亚磺酰基) -1-丁烯(莱菔素)。
6、权利要求 5所述的应用, 其中所述莱菔素是从萝卜种子, 萝卜苗或萝卜 中提取。
7、权利要求 1或 5任一项所述的应用, 其中所述药物组合物、保健品或食 品添加剂中含有药用载体、 添加剂和药用赋形剂。
8、权利要求 1或 5任一项所述的应用,其中所述人类或哺乳动物的癌症与 肿瘤选自: 肺癌、 胃癌、 结肠癌、 直肠癌、 卵巢癌、 乳腺癌、 甲状腺癌、 胰腺 癌、 食管癌、 肺癌、 头颈肿瘤、 宫颈癌、 子宫内膜癌、 恶性黑色素肿瘤和膀胱 癌。
9、 一种治疗或预防人类或哺乳动物的癌症与肿瘤的方法,所述方法包括给 予有需要的受试者治疗有效剂量的 1- (烷基亚磺酰基) -2-异硫氰基烷基 -1-烯 烃(结构式 I)化合物:
20
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