WO2015050502A1 - Panneau mural préfabriqué et ensemble de panneaux muraux préfabriqués - Google Patents

Panneau mural préfabriqué et ensemble de panneaux muraux préfabriqués Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015050502A1
WO2015050502A1 PCT/SG2014/000465 SG2014000465W WO2015050502A1 WO 2015050502 A1 WO2015050502 A1 WO 2015050502A1 SG 2014000465 W SG2014000465 W SG 2014000465W WO 2015050502 A1 WO2015050502 A1 WO 2015050502A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
wall panels
wall panel
wall
rib
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SG2014/000465
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hwee Doong William LING
Original Assignee
Sembcorp Eosm Pte. Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sembcorp Eosm Pte. Ltd. filed Critical Sembcorp Eosm Pte. Ltd.
Priority to SG11201601942QA priority Critical patent/SG11201601942QA/en
Publication of WO2015050502A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015050502A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/382—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of concrete or other stone-like substance
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/165—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with elongated load-supporting parts, cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/30—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts being composed of two or more materials; Composite steel and concrete constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/142—Means in or on the elements for connecting same to handling apparatus
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/167—Tools or apparatus specially adapted for working-up plates, panels or slab shaped building elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the invention relate to prefabricated wall panels and particularly to wall panels which comprise engineered cementitious composite (ECC) and autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) materials to provide lightweight structural components with advantageous properties including but not limited to fire resistance, flexural strength and compressive strength.
  • ECC engineered cementitious composite
  • AAC autoclaved aerated concrete
  • a prefabricated wall panel comprises: a first layer which includes an engineered cementitious composite; a second layer which includes an autoclaved aerated concrete, the second layer being fixedly attached to the first layer; and at least one rib which traverses the second layer and is bonded to the first layer, wherein the at least one rib includes the engineered cementitious composite.
  • the wall panel may further comprise a third layer which includes the engineered cementitious composite, wherein the third layer and the first layer are arranged to fixedly interpose the second layer therebetween, and wherein the at least one rib is bonded to the third layer and the first layer.
  • an assembly comprises: at least two adjoining prefabricated wall panels according to any embodiments of the invention; and a formwork arranged in combination with at least the first layer of each of the wall panels to provide a cavity for fabricating a column therein.
  • a prefabricated modular unit comprises: a plurality of wall panels and corner wall panels, both according to any embodiments of the invention, wherein the plurality of wall panels and corner wall panels are fixedly connected to one another to provide at least one box-like enclosure, wherein at least one of the plurality of wall panels is provided with at least one opening for access; and a beam secured to the plurality of wall panels and corner wall panels.
  • a prefabricated modular unit comprises: a frame; and a plurality of wall panels according to any embodiments of the invention, wherein the plurality of wall panels are fixedly connected to the frame to provide at least one box-like enclosure, wherein at least one of the plurality of wall panels is provided with at least one opening for access.
  • a method of fabricating a wall panel comprises: casting a first layer on a mold, the first layer including an engineered cementitious composite; overlaying a second layer on the first layer, the second layer includes an autoclaved aerated concrete and is arranged to provide at least one cavity; and dispensing a material into the at least one cavity to form a rib which traverses the second layer and is bonded to the first layer, wherein the material includes the engineered cementitious composite.
  • the method may further comprise dispensing the material onto the second layer to form a third layer overlaying the second layer, wherein the at least one rib is bonded to the first layer and the third layer.
  • the method may further comprise: arranging a rigid member at an end of the wall panel; and dispensing the material onto the second layer to form a third layer overlaying the second layer, wherein the at least one rib is bonded to the first layer and the third layer, and interposed therebetween.
  • a method for fabricating an assembly of adjoining wall panels comprises: arranging a plurality of wall panels juxtaposed to each other; arranging a formwork in combination with at least the first layer of each of the juxtaposed wall panels to provide a cavity; fabricating a column in the cavity; and removing the formwork.
  • a method for fabricating a modular unit comprises: providing a frame; providing a plurality of wall panels according to any embodiments of the invention; and fixedly connecting the wall panels to the frame to provide a box-like enclosure wherein at least one of the wall panels is provided with at least one opening for access.
  • FIG. 1A is a front view of a prefabricated wall panel according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 B is a cross-sectional view of the prefabricated wall panel taken along line A-A of FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 1C is a side view of the prefabricated wall panel of FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 2A is a front view an assembly of prefabricated wall panels according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the assembly taken along line B-B of FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 2C is a side view of the assembly of FIG. 2A;
  • FIGs. 3A to 3F illustrate an example sequence of assembling a module enclosure using prefabricated wall panels and corner panels;
  • FIG. 4A is a top cross-sectional view of an enclosure module assembled from wall and corner panels according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4B is a perspective view of the corner panel of FIG. 4A;
  • FIG. 4C is a side view of the corner panel of FIG. 4B;
  • FIG. 4D is a top view of the corner panel of FIG. 4B;
  • FIG. 4E illustrates a floor panel being connected to the corner panel of FIG. 4A
  • FIG. 5A illustrates a formwork according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 5B is a side view of FIG. 5A
  • FIG. 5C is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5A;
  • FIG. 5D is a perspective view of FIG. 5A
  • FIG. 5E is a partial close-up view of FIG. 5C
  • FIG. 5F is a partial close-up view of FIG. 5C
  • FIG. 5G is a partial close-up view of FIG. 5D;
  • FIG. 6A illustrates a formwork according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 6B is a side view of FIG. 6A;
  • FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 6A;
  • FIG. 6D is a partial close-up view of FIG. 6B;
  • FIG. 6E is a partial close-up view of FIG. 6B;
  • FIG. 7A is a front view of a wall panel or formwork which is provided with suitable lifting means
  • FIG. 7B is a side view of FIG. 7A
  • FIG. 7C is a perspective view of FIG. 7A
  • FIG. 8A illustrates two wall panel permanent forms which are employed in combination with an aluminum formwork for casting an in-situ column
  • FIG. 8B is a partial close-up view of FIG. 8A;
  • FIG. 8C is a partial close-up view of FIG. 8A
  • FIG. 9A illustrates two wall panel permanent form which are employed in combination with an aluminum formwork for casting an in-situ beam
  • FIG. 9B is a partial close-up view of FIG. 9A;
  • FIG. 10A illustrates a frame
  • FIG. 10B illustrates the frame of FIG. 10 being connected with wall panels
  • FIG. T0C illustrates an assembly of room modules
  • FIG. 11A illustrates a room module that may be prefabricated from the frame of FIG. 10A;
  • FIG. 11B is a partial close-up view of FIG. 11A;
  • FIG. 11C is a partial close-up view of FIG. 11A;
  • FIG. 11 D illustrates the assembled steel framework of the room module of FIG. 11 A and with the wall panels omitted for illustrative clarity;
  • FIG. 12A illustrates modular units of different dimensions being stacked together horizontally and vertically during building assembly
  • FIG. 12 B illustrates an assembled form of the modular units of FIG. 12A
  • FIG. 13A illustrates a compressive strength performance of a wall panel according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 13B illustrates a flexural strength performance of a wall panel according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Embodiments of the invention relate to multi-functional prefabricated or precast wall panels (MPP), particularly to precast concrete sandwich panels.
  • MPP multi-functional prefabricated or precast wall panels
  • the prefabricated wall panels are embedded with insulation and energy systems, interior and exterior finishes in a single prefabricated wall panel.
  • the invention offers improvements in several of the target areas including, but not limited to, disaster resistance and safety, durability, energy efficiency and environmental impact, and life cycle affordability of buildings.
  • buildings can be constructed using offsite manufactured technologies in which structures, finishes, insulation, and energy systems are integrated into the prefabricated wall panels which may be used as load-bearing wall, curtain wall, corner wall panel, floor, ceiling panel and roof panel.
  • prefabricated wall panels are designed to facilitate quick assembly at the construction site, thus reducing construction time and labor costs.
  • the prefabricated wall panels may be employed in combination with steel frames, columns and/or beams in constructing an enclosure or building.
  • the prefabricated wall panels of the invention together with the inherent properties of concrete yield a building system with an extremely long life that is resistant to natural disasters, virtually maintenance-free, extremely comfortable, highly energy efficient, and that has an initial cost that is comparable to conventional homes.
  • the prefabricated wall panels include an engineered cementitious composite (ECC).
  • ECC engineered cementitious composite
  • the pre-blend ECC mix may include, but not limited to, cement, sand, fly ash, admixtures and reinforcing fibers which provide the ECC with high flexural strength.
  • the high flexural strength allows the masonry to be reinforced into a prefabricated wall system.
  • ECC is regarded as highly versatile construction materials possessing unique properties of strength and serviceability.
  • FIGs. 13A and 13B illustrate, respectively, the compressive strength performance and flexural strength performance of a prefabricated wall panel according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • One of the remarkable properties of the prefabricated wall panels of the invention is its fire resistance capability i.e. voiding differential rate of expansion, cracking and disintegration. It also neither spalls due to fire and nor requires the plastering to achieve good fire resistance.
  • the good fire resisting property of aerated concrete is due to its closed pore structure, as heat transfer through radiation is an inverse function of the number of air-solid interfaces traversed.
  • a fire resistance test conducted on a specimen wall panel measuring 3000 mm (height) x 3000 mm (width) x 105 mm (thickness) yielded the following results. There was no loss of integrity throughout the heating period of 260 minutes.
  • FIG. 1A is a front view of a prefabricated wall panel 10 according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 B is a cross-sectional view of the prefabricated wall panel 10 taken along line A-A of FIG. 1A
  • FIG. 1C is a side view of the prefabricated wall panel of FIG. 1A.
  • the prefabricated wall panel 10 of FIGs. 1A and 1C comprises two spaced-apart layers 11 , 13 (hereinafter "a first layer 11" and "a third layer 13"), a centre or second layer 12 which is fixedly interposed between the spaced-apart layers 11 , 13, and at least one rib 14 which traverses the second layer 12 and is bonded to the third layer 13 and the first layer 11.
  • the first layer 11 and the third layer 13 include an engineered cementitious composite (ECC) which includes but is not limited to a product marketed under the trademark "ecc crete".
  • ECC engineered cementitious composite
  • the ECC is a highly ductile cementitious material which may be made by mixing a pre-blend mix of cement-based composite material with superplasticiser or water
  • the second layer 12 includes an autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) which may be made from an aerated mix of cement, flyash, aluminum powder, admixtures.
  • AAC autoclaved aerated concrete
  • the use of ECC and AAC in wall panels according to the invention provides a structurally efficient combination for lightweight structural components.
  • the prefabricated walls comprising of AAC and ECC composites have great excellent absorbing capabilities under impact force.
  • the potential advantages of panelized construction using AAC core as building material include lightweight, energy efficient, easy to use, fire resistant, environmentally friendly, weather resistant, pest resistant, durable, and acoustically efficient.
  • the rib(s) 14 traverse the second layer 12 and are fixedly connected between the first layer 1 1 and the third layer 13.
  • the rib(s) 14 are to transmit forces between the first 1 1 and the third layer 13.
  • the rib(s) 14 are integrally formed with the first layer 1 1 and the third layer 13 such that the rib(s) 14, the first and the third layers 1 1 , 13 which are all formed of ECC fully encase the second layer 12.
  • the rib(s), the first layer and the third layer may partially enclose the second layer such that the unenclosed parts of the second layer may be visible.
  • the first layer 1 1 and the third layer 13 are thinner relative to the second layer 12 and the rib(s) 14.
  • the thinner first 1 1 and third layer 13 may be readily penetrated with drills and/or saws to facilitate plumbing, mechanical and electrical works.
  • the first layer 1 1 and the third layer 13 may also contain a denser and higher strength material relative to the second layer 12.
  • the wall panel includes the first layer, the second layer and at least one rib which traverses the second layer and is bonded to the first layer.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates an assembly 20 of prefabricated wall panels 10 of FIG. 1A.
  • the wall panels 10 may be assembled by applying suitable grouting to bond the side ribs of the wall panels 10 and/or providing bolts through adjacent side ribs to secure the wall panels 10 together, or other suitable means.
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the assembly taken along line B- B of FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 2C is a side view of the assembly of FIG. 2A.
  • a method of fabricating a wall panel is described as follows.
  • a first layer which comprises an ECC is casted on a flat mold.
  • a second layer which comprises an AAC overlays the first layer.
  • the second layer may be provided as a plurality of AAC panels such that cavities are provided between adjacent AAC panels.
  • the ECC material is then dispensed into the cavities to form the rib(s).
  • the ECC material is further dispensed onto the second layer to form the third layer.
  • a steel mesh may be laid upon the second layer before forming the ribs and third layer.
  • the fabricated wall panel may be provided with bores or openings for various bolt connections and other purposes.
  • Interior and/or exterior finishes jncluding imprint may be incorporated during the above- described fabrication process.
  • the variety of finishes that homeowners have come to expect may be provided through careful control of mixture composition and curing and through the use of rubber molds, dyes, and additives.
  • a rigid member e.g. steel hollow section
  • An ECC material is then dispensed onto the second layer to form a third layer overlaying the second layer, wherein the at least one rib is bonded to the third layer and the first layer, and wherein the first layer and the third layer interpose the rigid member therebetween.
  • Prefabricated corner panels (e.g. L-shaped panels) which provide a similar two-layer or three-layer arrangement as described above may also be provided to connect wall panels for modular construction of an enclosure, pod or room.
  • the corner panel may include bolt. holes at peripheral or side ribs for facilitating the corner panel to be secured to an adjacent wall panel.
  • Providing corner panels addresses a problem of overlapping adjacent walls due to incompatibility in dimensions of wall panels with on-site conditions.
  • FIGs. 3A to 3F illustrate an example sequence of assembling a module enclosure using prefabricated wall panels and corner panels. Particularly, FIG. 3A illustrates an assembly of two wall panels and a corner panel; FIG. 3B illustrates another wall panel secured to the assembly of FIG. 3A; FIG.
  • FIG. 3C illustrates other wall panels secured to the assembly of FIG. 3B along both sides of the corner panel;
  • FIG. 3D illustrates yet other wall and corner panels secured to the assembly of FIG. 3C to complete the enclosure module;
  • FIG. 3E illustrates inbuilt or insitu column 35 or beam 36 or structural frame secured to the enclosure of FIG. 3D;
  • FIG. 3F illustrates a slab 37 with structural topping or a roof truss with roofing secured to the enclosure module of FIG. 3E.
  • the various wall panels and corner panels may be secured to adjacent panels by bolting through the side ribs or other suitable means.
  • FIG. 4A is a top cross-sectional view of an enclosure assembled from wall and corner panels according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the prefabricated wall panel 40 in FIG. 4A comprises a first layer 41 which includes an ECC and a second layer 42 which includes an AAC which is fixedly attached to the first layer 41 , and at least one rib 44 which traverses the second layer 42 and is bonded to the first layer 41.
  • a corner panel 46 (see FIGs. 4B to 4D) has a similar two-layer arrangement as described in the present paragraph. Particularly, corner panel 46 has a first layer 41 which includes an ECC and a second layer 42 which includes an AAC which is fixedly attached to the first layer 41 , and an area 45 where the first layer 41 and rib 44 is integrated.
  • the corner panel 46 may include a steel rod 47 traversing the panel height and configured to be received into a floor panel 48 to secure both panels together (see FIG. 4E).
  • This embodiment may be useful in applications, e.g. pods, where tile works (not shown) may be installed in the interior of the assembled enclosure module.
  • the prefabricated wall panels of the invention may provide a modular system of permanent forms for construction of columns and beams, construction of reinforced concrete and steel reinforced concrete, or encasement of steel reinforced concrete.
  • Employing the prefabricated wall panels for as permanent forms are particularly advantages as the relative thinness of the ECC material coupled with its strength allows for the formation of a very strong and lightweight precast permanent forms. Due to the high density of ECC material, permanent forms made with the typical thickness are impervious.
  • FIGs. 5A to 5G illustrate a wall panel 50 which comprises a first layer 51 and a third layer 53, both of which include an ECC, and a second layer 52 which is fixedly interposed between the first and the third layer 51 , 53, and at least one rib 54 which traverses the second layer 52 and is bonded to the third layer 53 and the first layer 51.
  • FIG. 5B is a side view of FIG. 5A, which illustrates the arrangement and extended dimensions of the first layer 51 relative to the third layer 53.
  • FIG. 5C is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5A which illustrates the extended dimensions of the first layer 51 relative to the third layer 53 to provide for recessed areas (see FIGs.
  • FIG. 9A illustrates two wall panels 80 (for example, but not limited to the wall panels 50 illustrated in FIGs. 5A to 5G, or wall panels 60 illustrated in FIGs. 6A to 6E) which are employed in combination with an aluminum formwork 95 for casting an in-situ beam.
  • the wall panels 80 may be juxtaposed along their sides; the aluminum formwork 95 may be arranged with the ECC layer 81 of the adjoining wall panels 80 to provide a formwork for the in-situ beam. Concrete may then be dispensed into the aluminum formwork 95. After the concrete is suitably cured, the aluminum formwork 95 may be removed to expose the concrete beam 98 which is now bonded with the wall panels 80.
  • FIG. 9B is a partial close-up view of FIG. 9A and illustrates a recessed area provided by the aluminum formwork 95 and the wall panels 80 and a vertical steel hollow section 92. This method of providing formwork for casting in-situ beam eliminates the need for erecting conventional scaffolding for outside formwork.
  • FIG. 6A illustrates a wall panel 60 which comprises a first layer 61 and a third layer 63, both of which include an ECC, and a second layer 62 which is fixedly interposed between the first and the third layer 61 , 63, and at least one rib 64 which traverses the second layer 62 and is bonded to the third layer 63 and the first layer 61.
  • FIG. 6B is a sectional view taken along line A- A of FIG. 6A
  • FIG. 6C is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 6A.
  • FIG. 6D is a partial close-up view of FIG.
  • FIG. 6B illustrates interlocking drip joints between a steel hollow section 67 disposed at one end of the wall panel 60 and a structure beam 68, which provides for water-tight connection.
  • FIG. 6E is a partial close-up view of FIG. 6B and illustrates interlocking drip joints 65 which provide for water-tight connection between the wall panel 60 and a slab 69.
  • FIG. 8A illustrates two wall panels 80 (for example, but not limited to the wall panel illustrated in FIGs. 5A to 5G, or wall panel 60 illustrated in FIGs. 6A to 6E) which are employed in combination with an aluminum formwork 85 for casting an in-situ column.
  • the wall panels 80 may be juxtaposed along their sides; the aluminum formwork 85 may be arranged with the ECC layer 81 of the adjoining wall panels 80 to provide a formwork for the in-situ column.
  • An I-beam (not shown) may be disposed within the aluminum formwork, and concrete may then be dispensed into the aluminum formwork 85. After the concrete is suitably cured, the aluminum formwork 85 may be removed to expose the concrete column which is now bonded with the wall panels 80.
  • FIG. 8B is a partial close-up view of FIG. 8A, which illustrates a recessed area provided by the aluminum formwork 85 and the wall panels 80.
  • FIG. 8C is a partial close-up view of FIG. 8A and illustrates a side steel hollow section 87 of the wall panel 80 which is connected, by welding, to a steel I-beam of a reinforced concrete column.
  • FIGs. 7A to 7C illustrates a wall panel e.g. as illustrated in FIGs. 6A and 7A which is provided with suitable means, e.g. removable eyebolts 75, such that cables 76 or ropes can attach the removable eyebolts to a lifting jig 77 which in turn is lifted by hoisting systems or cranes for transferring the panel.
  • suitable means e.g. removable eyebolts 75, such that cables 76 or ropes can attach the removable eyebolts to a lifting jig 77 which in turn is lifted by hoisting systems or cranes for transferring the panel.
  • the prefabricated wall panels of the invention may be integrated into a prefabricated modular unit or pre-engineered volumetric unit.
  • the modular unit may employ steel as structural materials, e.g. open framed steel modules that are substantially designed or customized to specific requirements.
  • the modular units may be prefabricated in the factory in a variety of lengths or dimensions such that the modular units may be assembled into different configurations on site. Such modular units may be provided with internal fixtures and fittings as required.
  • the modular units may be transported to a building site and assembled into a building. This method of assembling modular units at a building site is particularly advantageous in reducing construction time and yet providing desirable compressive and flexural strength due to the use of wall panels in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 10A illustrates a prefabricated structural steel frame which is connected with wall panels of the invention (see FIG. 10B) in a configuration as desired.
  • the wall panels casted with embedded steel hollow sections are fixedly connected or welded to the frame which may be made of steel.
  • the embedded top hollow sections of the different wall panels may be spliced together to form the top frame of the modular unit thereby closing up the module into a box-like enclosure.
  • the box shape is designed to withstand the locally high force that exists at lifting positions; these top adjacent members and their connection may be strengthened to resist these forces.
  • Diagonal braces may also be embedded into the wall panels.
  • FIG. 10C illustrates an assembly of room modules.
  • FIG. 11A illustrates a room module that may be prefabricated from the frame of FIG. 10A.
  • Various wall panels with opening(s) for access e.g. inbuilt doors and windows, are connected to the frame of FIG. 10A by suitable means, e.g. welding, bolt connections.
  • FIG. 1 1 B is a partial close-up view of FIG. 11A and illustrates wall panels being connected to an I-beam of the frame by welding the steel hollow sections thereto.
  • FIG. 1 1 C is a partial close-up view of FIG. 11 A and illustrates steel hollow sections of adjacent wall panels being connected by welding. The adjacent wall panels may be further provided with bolt or screw connections.
  • FIG. 1 1 D illustrates the assembled steel framework of the room module of FIG. 1 1A and with the wall panels omitted for illustrative clarity.
  • FIG. 12A illustrates modular units of different dimensions being stacked together horizontally and vertically during building assembly. Each modular unit is provided with side wall panels and concrete slab floor. In certain modular units, depending on the dimensions, the concrete slab floor may be provided with embedded steel beams.
  • FIG. 12B illustrates an assembled form of the modular units of FIG. 12A.
  • the modular unit has a top or side portion which is uncovered.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un panneau mural préfabriqué comprenant une première et une troisième couche constituées de matériau composite à base de ciment (ECC), une deuxième couche constituée de béton cellulaire autoclavé (AAC) et interposée à demeure entre les première et troisième couches, et au moins une nervure traversant la deuxième couche et reliant à demeure la troisième couche à la première couche. La présente invention concerne également des variations des panneaux muraux susmentionnés comprenant une première couche d'EEC, une seconde couche d'AAC et au moins une nervure traversant la seconde couche et reliée à la première couche. La présente invention concerne en outre l'application des panneaux muraux préfabriqués dans des applications de coffrage.
PCT/SG2014/000465 2013-10-03 2014-10-03 Panneau mural préfabriqué et ensemble de panneaux muraux préfabriqués WO2015050502A1 (fr)

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Cited By (20)

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US20170022699A1 (en) * 2014-04-07 2017-01-26 Nxt Enterprise Pty Ltd Building system
CN107217783A (zh) * 2017-04-22 2017-09-29 施晓微 一种装配式整体外墙板
CN107938835A (zh) * 2017-06-12 2018-04-20 重庆大学 一种采用型钢混凝土柱和钢梁组合的预制装配式框架
WO2019030768A2 (fr) 2017-08-11 2019-02-14 Hil Limited (Formely Hyderabad Industries Limited) Panneaux préfabriqués en sandwich sans amiante dotés d'une résistance à l'état mouillé et d'une isolation phonique améliorées et leur procédé de fabrication
RU188129U1 (ru) * 2017-11-14 2019-03-29 Юрий Александрович Пантелеев Трехслойная наружная стеновая панель
WO2019085176A1 (fr) * 2017-11-06 2019-05-09 史世英 Panneau mural et panneau de plancher préfabriqués à base de blocs aérés et porteurs de charge
CN110258870A (zh) * 2019-04-18 2019-09-20 西京学院 一种泡沫体再生纤维混凝土非承重保温墙的制作方法
US10487493B2 (en) * 2017-05-12 2019-11-26 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Building design and construction using prefabricated components
US10508442B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2019-12-17 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Floor and ceiling panel for slab-free floor system of a building
US10676923B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2020-06-09 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Waterproofing assemblies and prefabricated wall panels including the same
US10724228B2 (en) 2017-05-12 2020-07-28 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Building assemblies and methods for constructing a building using pre-assembled floor-ceiling panels and walls
US10900224B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2021-01-26 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Prefabricated demising wall with external conduit engagement features
US10961710B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2021-03-30 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Pre-assembled wall panel for utility installation
CN112647619A (zh) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-13 西南科技大学 一种装配式大跨度内隔墙施工方法
US10975590B2 (en) 2014-08-30 2021-04-13 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Diaphragm to lateral support coupling in a structure
US11054148B2 (en) 2014-08-30 2021-07-06 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Heated floor and ceiling panel with a corrugated layer for modular use in buildings
US11060286B2 (en) 2014-08-30 2021-07-13 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Prefabricated wall panel for utility installation
US11098475B2 (en) 2017-05-12 2021-08-24 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Building system with a diaphragm provided by pre-fabricated floor panels
WO2021184072A1 (fr) * 2020-03-17 2021-09-23 Robert William Czerkas Procédé et agencement pour installer des panneaux de construction
WO2022045911A1 (fr) 2020-08-28 2022-03-03 Revodomo, Lda Panneaux structuraux auto-porteurs et système respectif de panneaux structuraux auto-porteurs

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JP2005255425A (ja) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-22 Kurabo Ind Ltd 高靭性セメント硬化体
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JPS62164936A (ja) * 1986-01-14 1987-07-21 住友金属工業株式会社 建築用壁材
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US11739521B2 (en) * 2014-04-07 2023-08-29 Nxt Building System Pty Ltd Building system
US20170022699A1 (en) * 2014-04-07 2017-01-26 Nxt Enterprise Pty Ltd Building system
US11060286B2 (en) 2014-08-30 2021-07-13 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Prefabricated wall panel for utility installation
US11054148B2 (en) 2014-08-30 2021-07-06 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Heated floor and ceiling panel with a corrugated layer for modular use in buildings
US10975590B2 (en) 2014-08-30 2021-04-13 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Diaphragm to lateral support coupling in a structure
US10900224B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2021-01-26 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Prefabricated demising wall with external conduit engagement features
US10961710B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2021-03-30 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Pre-assembled wall panel for utility installation
US10508442B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2019-12-17 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Floor and ceiling panel for slab-free floor system of a building
US10676923B2 (en) 2016-03-07 2020-06-09 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Waterproofing assemblies and prefabricated wall panels including the same
CN107217783A (zh) * 2017-04-22 2017-09-29 施晓微 一种装配式整体外墙板
CN107217783B (zh) * 2017-04-22 2024-02-20 浙江优匠建筑科技有限公司 一种装配式整体外墙板
US10724228B2 (en) 2017-05-12 2020-07-28 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Building assemblies and methods for constructing a building using pre-assembled floor-ceiling panels and walls
US10487493B2 (en) * 2017-05-12 2019-11-26 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Building design and construction using prefabricated components
US11098475B2 (en) 2017-05-12 2021-08-24 Innovative Building Technologies, Llc Building system with a diaphragm provided by pre-fabricated floor panels
CN107938835A (zh) * 2017-06-12 2018-04-20 重庆大学 一种采用型钢混凝土柱和钢梁组合的预制装配式框架
WO2019030768A2 (fr) 2017-08-11 2019-02-14 Hil Limited (Formely Hyderabad Industries Limited) Panneaux préfabriqués en sandwich sans amiante dotés d'une résistance à l'état mouillé et d'une isolation phonique améliorées et leur procédé de fabrication
WO2019085176A1 (fr) * 2017-11-06 2019-05-09 史世英 Panneau mural et panneau de plancher préfabriqués à base de blocs aérés et porteurs de charge
RU188129U1 (ru) * 2017-11-14 2019-03-29 Юрий Александрович Пантелеев Трехслойная наружная стеновая панель
CN110258870A (zh) * 2019-04-18 2019-09-20 西京学院 一种泡沫体再生纤维混凝土非承重保温墙的制作方法
WO2021184072A1 (fr) * 2020-03-17 2021-09-23 Robert William Czerkas Procédé et agencement pour installer des panneaux de construction
WO2022045911A1 (fr) 2020-08-28 2022-03-03 Revodomo, Lda Panneaux structuraux auto-porteurs et système respectif de panneaux structuraux auto-porteurs
CN112647619A (zh) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-13 西南科技大学 一种装配式大跨度内隔墙施工方法

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