WO2015037164A1 - 水耕栽培装置 - Google Patents
水耕栽培装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015037164A1 WO2015037164A1 PCT/JP2014/001137 JP2014001137W WO2015037164A1 WO 2015037164 A1 WO2015037164 A1 WO 2015037164A1 JP 2014001137 W JP2014001137 W JP 2014001137W WO 2015037164 A1 WO2015037164 A1 WO 2015037164A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- nutrient solution
- plant body
- hydroponic cultivation
- flow path
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G2031/006—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics with means for recycling the nutritive solution
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for growing a plant body.
- the power source of main functions such as water circulation and lighting is mainly electric power. Therefore, even if it is a power failure for a short time, the influence which it has on a plant body is large, and has become a subject in hydroponics.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 are known as techniques relating to such hydroponics.
- Patent Document 1 describes a hydroponics bed provided with a cultivation liquid reservoir.
- Patent Document 2 describes an oxygen aeration apparatus that supplies oxygen to a cultivation solution when water circulation stops.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are only considered for irrigating a part of a plant body in which a liquid is constantly immersed in water. For example, in hydroponics where water is irrigated by a mist, no consideration is given to the case where power supply is stopped. Therefore, when the mist stops, there is a possibility of affecting the growth of the plant body.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a hydroponic cultivation apparatus that can maintain irrigation of a plant even when power supply is stopped.
- JP-A-8-336337 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-85063
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is a hydroponic cultivation apparatus that irrigates a plant body supported by a cultivation tank, and first irrigation means that irrigates the plant body using electric power. And second irrigation means for irrigating the plant body using water pressure, and power supply detection means for detecting a state of power supply necessary for irrigating the plant body by the first irrigation means.
- Control means for controlling the second irrigation means, wherein the second irrigation means is supplied by the water pressure and is provided in a first flow path for irrigating the plant body.
- a path opening / closing section and a second channel opening / closing section provided in a second channel for discharging water perfused by the plant body to the outside, wherein the control means is detected by the power supply detection means. If it is determined that the power supply is stopped based on the state of the supplied power, the first Switching the flow path switching unit and the second flow path opening and closing unit from the closed state to the open state, and performing irrigation on the plant by the second irrigation means.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the first aspect, and is provided in a third flow path for supplying a nutrient solution to the first flow path.
- a flow path opening / closing section and when the control means determines that the power supply is stopped based on the power supply state detected by the power supply detection means, the third flow path opening / closing section is It switches to an open state, The water containing a nutrient solution is irrigated by the said 2nd irrigation means.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the second aspect, wherein the first flow path opening / closing part, the second flow path opening / closing part, and the third flow path. At least one of the opening / closing parts is configured to be integrated with the power supply detection means.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus is the hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein the first flow path opening / closing part, the second flow path opening / closing part, and the third flow path.
- At least one of the open / close sections includes a timer unit that operates with a built-in battery, and restricts the water or the nutrient solution supplied by the tap water pressure based on the time information measured by the timer unit. .
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 to which the present invention is applied is configured, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 performs hydroponic cultivation without using soil for growing the plant body 100.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 cultivates the plant body 100 by supplying liquid to the main root 101 and the side root 102 of the plant body 100.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 shown as this embodiment demonstrates the plant which grows the plant which accumulate
- the root crop include ginseng (Kinseng, Ginseng) as the plant body 100 shown in FIG.
- ginseng Korean, Ginseng
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a cultivation tank 30 that stores a nutrient solution 110.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 has a support portion 11 that supports a main root 101 of a plant body 100 in a cultivation tank 30.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 irrigates the main root 101 and the side roots 102 of the plant body 100 in a state where the plant body 100 is supported.
- the support part 11 has the cover part 11a and the penetration part 11b. This support part 11 supports the main root 101 of the plant body 100 from the side part.
- a columnar sponge having a penetrating portion 11 b at the center position of the lid portion 11 a can be used as the support portion 11. Thereby, the support part 11 supports the plant body 100 with the frictional force of sponge and the plant body 100.
- the lid portion 11a may be provided with a plurality of through portions 11b.
- the plant body 100 supported by the support part 11 has the upper end of the main root 101 exposed from the lid part 11a. From the upper end of the main root 101, stems and leaves 103 of the plant body 100 extend upward.
- An illumination unit 2 is provided above the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1. This illumination part 2 consists of several LED, for example.
- the stem and leaf 103 can perform photosynthesis by receiving the light L emitted from the illumination unit 2.
- the side roots 102 of the plant body 100 are immersed in the nutrient solution 110 stored in the bottom of the cultivation tank 30. Thereby, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 irrigates the side root 102.
- the cultivation tank 30 is provided with a pipe 32 having an opening at a predetermined height in the cultivation tank 30.
- the nutrient solution 110 is discharged from the pipe 32 to the storage tank 31 when the amount of water reaches a predetermined height.
- the nutrient solution 111 stored in the reservoir 31 is taken out by the nutrient solution supply pump 41.
- the nutrient solution supply pump 41 is driven by consuming electric power supplied from the power supply 61.
- the nutrient solution supply pump 41 is driven to draw the nutrient solution 111 of the storage tank 31 through the pipe 42.
- the nutrient solution supply pump 41 discharges the nutrient solution 111 to the first spray unit 13A side through the pipe 43 at a predetermined pressure.
- the first spray unit 13A irrigates the main root 101 of the plant body 100. Specifically, the first spray unit 13A sprays the nutrient solution 13a from the nozzle unit in the form of a mist (mist) of the nutrient solution 111 supplied from the pipe 43. In addition, 13 A of 1st spraying parts may dripping a nutrient solution with respect to the main root 101.
- FIG. 1st spraying parts may dripping a nutrient solution with respect to the main root 101.
- the first spray unit 13A is single in FIG. 1, but may be plural.
- the structure which sprays the nutrient solution 13a toward the center from the four directions end of the cultivation tank 30 may be sufficient as 13 A of 1st spraying parts.
- the 1st spraying part 13A should just be provided in the arbitrary height positions in the cultivation tank 30, if the nutrient solution 13a can be supplied to the main root 101.
- Examples of the spraying method of the first spraying part 13A include a spraying type using high-pressure gas, an ultrasonic mist, and the like. Further, a two-fluid type mist is desirable, but a one-fluid type mist may also be used. Furthermore, other thin film hydroponics (NFT) and submerged hydroponics (DFT) may be used. That is, the cultivation method which performs irrigation is not limited to this.
- Such a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 irrigates the main root 101 and the side root 102 of the plant body 100 using the power of the power supply 61 during normal cultivation where the power supply from the power supply 61 is not interrupted.
- the nutrient solution 13a sprayed in the form of a mist from the first spray unit 13A is sprayed on the main root 101, and the excess nutrient solution 13a falls to the bottom of the cultivation tank 30.
- the nutrient solution 110 stored in the cultivation tank 30 is accumulated in the storage tank 31 via the pipe 32.
- the accumulated nutrient solution 111 is supplied again to the first spray unit 13A by the nutrient solution supply pump 41.
- the tap water open / close valve 72 is in a closed state.
- the 2nd spraying part 13B as emergency irrigation means does not operate
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 has a detection unit 52 as power supply detection means.
- the detection unit 52 detects the state of power supply necessary for irrigating the plant body 100 by the first spray unit 13A (first irrigation means). Specifically, the detection unit 52 detects a voltage value or a current value corresponding to the power supplied from the power supply 61 to the nutrient solution supply pump 41 or the like. The state of power supply detected by the detection unit 52 is read by the control unit 51.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 has a configuration for irrigating the plant body 100 in an emergency when the power supply from the power source 61 is cut off.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 is provided with the 2nd spraying part 13B, the water tap 71, the on-off valve 72 for tap water, and piping 73,74.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 includes a drain on-off valve 81, a pipe 82, and a pipe 83.
- the second spraying section 13B is connected to a water tap 71, a tap water on-off valve 72, a pipe 73, and a pipe 74.
- the pipe 73 is applied with tap water pressure from the tap 71.
- the tap water open / close valve 72 is closed. Thereby, the tap water 13b is not sprayed from the 2nd spraying part 13B at the time of normal cultivation.
- the tap water on-off valve 72 is switched from the closed state to the open state. Thereby, the tap water is supplied from the tap tap 71 to the second spray section 13 ⁇ / b> B via the pipe 73, the tap water opening / closing valve 72, and the pipe 74.
- the second spray section 13B irrigates the main root 101 of the plant body 100 with tap water supplied from the pipe 74.
- the 2nd spraying part 13B makes the tap water supplied from the piping 74 mist form (mist shape), and injects the tap water 13b from a nozzle part.
- the 2nd spraying part 13B should just be the irrigation which can be implemented only with a tap pressure.
- the mist method, the point-appropriate method, or any other irrigation method may be used.
- the tap water 13b sprayed from the second spray unit 13B is accumulated at the bottom of the cultivation tank 30.
- the drainage on-off valve 81 is switched to the open state.
- the stored liquid can be discharged through the pipe 82, the drainage on-off valve 81, and the pipe 83 from the upper end opening of the pipe 82.
- control unit 51 controls the second irrigation means (second spray unit 13B) that irrigates the plant body 100 using the water pressure.
- the control unit 51 determines whether or not the power supply is cut off depending on the power supply state detected by the detection unit 52.
- the control unit 51 determines that the power supply is cut off when the power supplied from the power supply 61 to each unit decreases.
- the control unit 51 opens the tap water on-off valve 72 and the drain on-off valve 81. Thereby, the tap water 13b from the 2nd spraying part 13B is injected, and a part of nutrient solution 110 stored in the bottom of the cultivation tank 30 is discharged
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 irrigates the plant body 100 supported by the cultivation tank 30.
- This hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 has the 1st irrigation means (1st spraying part 13A) which waters the plant body 100 using electric power.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 has the 2nd irrigation means (2nd spraying part 13B) which waters the plant body 100 using a water pressure.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 has power supply detection means (detection unit 52) for detecting the state of power supply necessary for irrigating the plant body 100 with the first irrigation means. Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 has a control unit (control unit 51) that controls the second irrigation unit.
- the second irrigation means is a first flow path opening / closing section provided in a first flow path (pipe 73, pipe 74) that is supplied by water pressure and irrigates the plant body 100. (Tap water on-off valve 72). Further, the second irrigation means includes a second flow path opening / closing section (drainage open / close valve 81) provided in the second flow path (pipe 82, pipe 83) that discharges water irrigated by the plant body 100 to the outside. Have.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 when the control unit determines that the power supply is stopped based on the state of the power supply detected by the power supply detection unit, the first channel opening / closing unit and the second channel opening / closing unit The part is switched from the closed state to the open state. Thereby, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 irrigates the plant body 100 by the second irrigation means.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 it is possible to maintain irrigation of the plant body 100 even when the power supply is stopped. For example, when the power supply is interrupted due to a power failure or the like, the nutrient solution supply, the lighting unit 2 and the like are stopped, which adversely affects cultivation.
- supply of moisture can be maintained and cultivation failure can be suppressed.
- blocking can be suppressed with a simple structure.
- water that is irrigated when the power supply is cut off is normal tap water.
- the tap water does not contain liquid fertilizer and is not optimal for the plant body 100. Therefore, it is desirable that the hydroponics apparatus 1 described above is configured to supply a nutrient solution to the pipe 74 as shown in FIG.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 includes a nutrient solution storage unit 91, a nutrient solution on-off valve 92, and a pipe 93 in addition to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1. Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 includes a nutrient solution storage unit 94, a nutrient solution on-off valve 95, and a pipe 96.
- the nutrient solution storage unit 91 and the nutrient solution storage unit 94 store a predetermined amount of nutrient solution in advance.
- This hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 switches the nutrient solution on-off valve 92 and the nutrient solution on-off valve 95 from the closed state to the open state when the power supply is interrupted. Then, the nutrient solution accumulated in the nutrient solution storage unit 91 and the nutrient solution storage unit 94 flows into the pipe 74. Thereby, the nutrient solution which flowed into the piping 74 is mixed with tap water, and is supplied to the 2nd spraying part 13B.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 has the third channel opening / closing unit (for nutrient solution) provided in the third channel (pipe 93, pipe 96) for supplying the nutrient solution to the first channel (pipe 74).
- control unit 51 opens the third flow path opening / closing unit from the closed state when it is determined that the power supply is stopped based on the power supply state detected by the power supply detection unit (detection unit 52). Switch to state. Thereby, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 irrigates the water containing a nutrient solution with a 2nd watering means (2nd spraying part 13B).
- tap water containing a nutrient solution can be supplied to the plant body 100 even when the power supply is interrupted. Thereby, according to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1, cultivation failure can further be suppressed.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 described above includes a first channel opening / closing part (tap water opening / closing valve 72), a second channel opening / closing part (drainage opening / closing valve 81), and a third channel opening / closing part (for nutrient solution). At least one of the on-off valve 92 and the nutrient solution on-off valve 95) may be integrated with the detection unit 52.
- the tap water on / off valve 72, the drainage on / off valve 81, the nutrient solution on / off valve 92, and the nutrient solution on / off valve 95 are supplied with electric power supplied from the power supply 61.
- the tap water opening / closing valve 72, the drainage opening / closing valve 81, the nutrient solution opening / closing valve 92, and the nutrient solution opening / closing valve 95 consume the supplied power and generate power by the actuator to open / close the valves.
- the detection unit 52 provided in at least one of the tap water on-off valve 72, the drain on-off valve 81, the nutrient solution on-off valve 92, and the nutrient solution on-off valve 95 supplies power supplied from the power source 61 to the actuator. Monitor the status of When the power supply state is monitored by the detection unit 52 and it is determined that the power supply is cut off, the control unit 51 opens the tap water open / close valve 72, the drainage open / close valve 81, and the nutrient solution open / close valve 92. Further, the nutrient solution on-off valve 95 is controlled to be opened.
- this hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 integrates at least one of the tap water on / off valve 72, the drain on / off valve 81, the nutrient solution on / off valve 92, and the nutrient solution on / off valve 95 with the detection unit 52. To do. Thereby, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 can maintain each irrigation to a plant body by controlling each valve to an open state when electric power supply interrupts
- At least one of the tap water opening / closing valve 72, the drainage opening / closing valve 81, the nutrient solution opening / closing valve 92, and the nutrient solution opening / closing valve 95 includes a timer means (53). Is desirable. This timer means is operated by a built-in battery.
- the hydroponic cultivation device 1 restricts the water or nutrient solution supplied by the water pressure based on the time information timed by the timer means (53) when the power supply is cut off. Specifically, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 sets desired irrigation implementation time and non-implementation time in advance by the timer means (53).
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 can provide irrigation implementation time and non-implementation time even when the power supply is interrupted. Therefore, according to this hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1, desired irrigation can be performed and it can suppress that the amount of irrigation becomes excessive.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 may provide the timer means (53) only in the tap water opening / closing valve 72. Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 may provide timer means in the nutrient solution on-off valve 92 and the nutrient solution on-off valve 95 in addition to the tap water on-off valve 72. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 can set the time and interval at which the nutrient solution on-off valve 92 and the nutrient solution on-off valve 95 are opened to desired values. Thereby, not only tap water but the density
- the tap water opening / closing valve 72, the drainage opening / closing valve 81, the nutrient solution opening / closing valve 92, and the nutrient solution opening / closing valve 95 are configured by, for example, normally open type electromagnetic valves. Also good. That is, each of the valves 72, 81, 92, and 95 maintains an “open” state when not energized and closes when energized (energized). Thereby, the control part 51 controls each valve 72, 81, 92, 95 to a closed state at the time of normal cultivation. On the other hand, when the power supply is cut off, the valves 72, 81, 92, and 95 are switched to the open state.
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Abstract
Description
3 制御部
13A 第1噴霧部
13B 第2噴霧部
30 栽培槽
31 貯留漕
41 養液供給ポンプ
51 制御部
52 検知部
71 水道栓
72 水道水用開閉弁
81 排水用開閉弁
91、94 養液貯留部
92、95 養液用開閉弁
96 配管
Claims (4)
- 栽培槽に支持した植物体に潅水を行う水耕栽培装置であって、
電力を利用して前記植物体に潅水を行う第1潅水手段と、
水道圧を利用して前記植物体に潅水を行う第2潅水手段と、
前記第1潅水手段によって前記植物体に潅水を行うために必要な電力供給の状態を検知する電力供給検知手段と、
前記第2潅水手段を制御する制御手段とを有し、
前記第2潅水手段は、前記水道圧によって供給されて前記植物体に潅水を行うための第1流路に設けられた第1流路開閉部と、前記植物体に潅水された水を外部に排出する第2流路に設けられた第2流路開閉部とを有し、
前記制御手段は、前記電力供給検知手段により検知された電力供給の状態に基づいて電力供給が停止すると判断した場合に、前記第1流路開閉部及び前記第2流路開閉部を閉状態から開状態に切り替え、前記第2潅水手段により前記植物体に潅水を行うことを特徴とする水耕栽培装置。 - 前記第1流路に養液を供給する第3流路に設けられた第3流路開閉部を有し、
前記制御手段は、前記電力供給検知手段により検知された電力供給の状態に基づいて電力供給が停止すると判断した場合に、前記第3流路開閉部を閉状態から開状態に切り替え、前記第2潅水手段により養液を含む水を潅水させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水耕栽培装置。 - 前記第1流路開閉部、前記第2流路開閉部、前記第3流路開閉部の少なくとも一つが、前記電力供給検知手段と一体化されて構成されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の水耕栽培装置。
- 前記第1流路開閉部、前記第2流路開閉部、前記第3流路開閉部の少なくとも一つが、内蔵型バッテリにより動作するタイマ手段を備え、前記タイマ手段により計時している時刻情報に基づいて前記水道圧によって供給する水又は前記養液を制限することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の水耕栽培装置。
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US14/912,503 US9992940B2 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-03-03 | Hydroponic cultivation device |
EP14844951.5A EP3045036B1 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-03-03 | Hydroponic cultivation device |
KR1020167003844A KR101746358B1 (ko) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-03-03 | 수경 재배 장치 |
CN201480045777.8A CN105472976B (zh) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-03-03 | 水耕栽培装置 |
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JP2013189513A JP5608799B1 (ja) | 2013-09-12 | 2013-09-12 | 水耕栽培装置 |
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EP (1) | EP3045036B1 (ja) |
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JPH08336337A (ja) | 1995-06-12 | 1996-12-24 | Mikado Ikushiyu Nojo:Kk | 水耕栽培用ベッド |
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2014
- 2014-03-03 WO PCT/JP2014/001137 patent/WO2015037164A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPS6385063U (ja) | 1986-11-19 | 1988-06-03 | ||
JPH05292846A (ja) * | 1992-04-16 | 1993-11-09 | Matsuoka Sangyo Kk | 植物の自動育成制御装置 |
JPH06303866A (ja) * | 1993-04-23 | 1994-11-01 | Okabe Lock:Kk | 溶液栽培の噴霧耕方法およびその装置 |
JPH08336337A (ja) | 1995-06-12 | 1996-12-24 | Mikado Ikushiyu Nojo:Kk | 水耕栽培用ベッド |
Also Published As
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EP3045036A1 (en) | 2016-07-20 |
EP3045036A4 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
KR20160031013A (ko) | 2016-03-21 |
JP5608799B1 (ja) | 2014-10-15 |
CN105472976B (zh) | 2018-09-11 |
KR101746358B1 (ko) | 2017-06-12 |
US9992940B2 (en) | 2018-06-12 |
CN105472976A (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
JP2015053905A (ja) | 2015-03-23 |
EP3045036B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
US20160198652A1 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
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