WO2015035546A1 - 一种压力感应式触摸屏和触摸显示屏及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种压力感应式触摸屏和触摸显示屏及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015035546A1
WO2015035546A1 PCT/CN2013/083183 CN2013083183W WO2015035546A1 WO 2015035546 A1 WO2015035546 A1 WO 2015035546A1 CN 2013083183 W CN2013083183 W CN 2013083183W WO 2015035546 A1 WO2015035546 A1 WO 2015035546A1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
substrate
touch
strain sensor
touch screen
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PCT/CN2013/083183
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2015035546A9 (zh
Inventor
李灏
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深圳纽迪瑞科技开发有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳纽迪瑞科技开发有限公司 filed Critical 深圳纽迪瑞科技开发有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2013/083183 priority Critical patent/WO2015035546A1/zh
Priority to CN201380057619.XA priority patent/CN104823138B/zh
Publication of WO2015035546A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015035546A1/zh
Priority to US14/724,521 priority patent/US9864449B2/en
Publication of WO2015035546A9 publication Critical patent/WO2015035546A9/zh
Priority to US15/711,588 priority patent/US9965079B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0414—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using force sensing means to determine a position
    • G06F3/04142—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using force sensing means to determine a position the force sensing means being located peripherally, e.g. disposed at the corners or at the side of a touch sensing plate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/047—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using sets of wires, e.g. crossed wires
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0484—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
    • G06F3/0485—Scrolling or panning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G06F3/04886—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures by partitioning the display area of the touch-screen or the surface of the digitising tablet into independently controllable areas, e.g. virtual keyboards or menus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04101—2.5D-digitiser, i.e. digitiser detecting the X/Y position of the input means, finger or stylus, also when it does not touch, but is proximate to the digitiser's interaction surface and also measures the distance of the input means within a short range in the Z direction, possibly with a separate measurement setup
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04105—Pressure sensors for measuring the pressure or force exerted on the touch surface without providing the touch position
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/048—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/04803—Split screen, i.e. subdividing the display area or the window area into separate subareas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a touch screen, and more particularly to a pressure sensing type touch screen and a touch display screen and an electronic device.
  • touch screens can display digital information for computers or other data processing devices while also providing intuitive input.
  • Touch screens are also widely used in a variety of electronic products, through the touch screen to achieve data input, operation, control and other functions to achieve "human-machine dialogue.” This brings a lot of convenience to production and life, overcoming the problem that input devices such as keyboards and mice are not easy to carry.
  • touch screens there are many types of touch screens in the industry today, such as capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic waves. These touch screens detect the positional information of the touch by detecting the contact resistance/capacitance/blocking infrared or acoustic wave change after the finger is applied. This type of touch screen can only obtain the user's touch operation position information, but cannot detect the pressure value when the touch is made. In practical applications, when it is necessary to detect the magnitude of the touch pressure, it becomes unpredictable and limits the application of the product. In actual use, the accuracy of various touch screens at the detection position is achieved by using the electrical principle of itself. This leads to the problem of low reliability: the resistive screen uses a resistive film as part of the electrode.
  • the soft film is susceptible to scratching and damage, and the reliability is greatly reduced; the capacitive screen is used to detect small capacitance.
  • the principle is that when there is liquid splashing onto the surface or at low temperature/high temperature, the capacitance detection error will occur frequently, and even the screen failure and system crash will occur; similar problems will occur in other forms of touch screen. These problems directly lead to low reliability of the touch screen.
  • the existing touch screen is also limited by the input method, such as requiring direct contact with a finger, no gloves or a stylus, etc., thus causing a lot of inconvenience to the user.
  • a pressure-sensitive touch panel comprising: a substrate having elastic deformation properties and being operated by a user, and strain sensing for detecting lateral deformation of the substrate and being fixed at a periphery of a lower surface of the substrate Device.
  • each of the strain sensors is connected in series with a reference strain sensor having the same specification parameter, and each of the reference strain sensors is adjacent to the corresponding strain sensor and disposed outside the edge of the substrate.
  • the pressure-sensitive touch screen further includes a bearing plate, the bearing plate is fixed on an upper surface of the substrate, and a side of the bearing plate is projected on the strain sensor at a position The intermediate position of the strain sensor.
  • the pressure-sensitive touch screen further includes a pressure receiving plate fixed on an upper surface of the substrate, and a side of the bearing plate is projected on the reference strain sensor. In the middle position of the reference strain sensor.
  • strain sensors are evenly distributed along a peripheral direction of the substrate.
  • strain sensor is disposed at four corners of the substrate.
  • the present invention also provides a touch display screen comprising a pressure-sensitive touch screen comprising a substrate having elastic deformation properties and being operated by a user, and for detecting lateral deformation of the substrate and being fixed on a strain sensor at a periphery of a lower surface of the substrate; an upper surface of the substrate in the pressure-sensitive touch screen is provided with a display screen having rigidity and integrally formed with the pressure-sensitive touch screen.
  • a pressure-sensitive touch screen includes a substrate having elastic deformation properties and being operable by a user, and a strain for detecting lateral deformation of the substrate and being fixed at a periphery of a lower surface of the substrate
  • each of the strain sensors is connected in series with a reference strain sensor having the same specification parameter, and each of the reference strain sensors is adjacent to the corresponding strain sensor and disposed outside the edge of the substrate, the display The screen is fixed on the upper surface of the substrate, and the position of the side of the display screen projected on the strain sensor is at an intermediate position of the reference strain sensor.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising the pressure-sensitive touch screen of any of the above, or the touch display screen of any of the above.
  • the present invention provides a pressure sensing type touch screen, a touch display screen and an electronic device.
  • the strain sensor By arranging the strain sensor at the periphery of the substrate, the elastic shape variable for detecting the horizontal direction of the substrate identifies the touch position and the touch pressure, providing an additional dimension for the touch input, enriching the pressure sensing operation function.
  • the user touch operation is not limited by the touch method.
  • the pressure sensing type touch screen can simultaneously detect the pressure magnitude and position of the user during operation, enrich the pressure sensing operation of the touch screen, and improve the convenience of operation of the touch display screen and the electronic device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic rear view of a pressure-sensitive touch screen according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a pressure-sensitive touch panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a pressure-sensitive touch panel according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG 4 is another partial cross-sectional view of the pressure-sensitive touch panel in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is a strain sensor
  • 4 is a substrate
  • 5 is a first metal wire
  • 6 is a second metal wire
  • 7 is a reference strain sensor
  • 8 is a third metal wire.
  • the present invention provides a pressure-sensitive touch screen.
  • the pressure-sensitive touch screen includes a substrate 4 and a strain sensor 1; and the substrate 4 has a high-sensitivity elastic deformation.
  • the performance is user-operable, and the strain sensor 1 is fixed at the periphery of the lower surface of the substrate 4.
  • the substrate 4 is caused to be laterally deformed in the surface direction thereof, that is, the substrate 4 is deformed in the longitudinal direction and the width direction thereof.
  • the strain sensor 1 can determine the position and pressure of the user's touch by detecting the amount of lateral deformation and performing calculation.
  • each of the strain sensors 1 is connected in series with a reference strain sensor 7.
  • each reference strain sensor 7 has the same specification parameter as its corresponding strain sensor 1. In this way, it is convenient for design and installation, and it is easy to realize mass production.
  • Each of the reference strain sensors 7 is adjacent to the respective corresponding strain sensor 1 and disposed outside the edge of the substrate 4.
  • One end of each strain sensor 1 is connected in series with a reference strain sensor 7 through a second metal line 6 which is a signal measurement line for measuring a signal; the other end of the strain sensor 1 passes through a third metal line 8
  • the voltage supply is connected, and the other end of the reference strain sensor 7 is grounded through the first metal wire 5.
  • the strain sensor 1 and the reference strain sensor 7 are located in close proximity and the specifications are the same, the surrounding environment has the same interference to the two inductors.
  • the substrate 4 is elastically deformed. Specifically, the portion of the strain sensor 1 contacting the substrate 4 is pulled and deformed, and the resistance Rm of the portion of the strain sensor 1 contacting the substrate 4 is increased, and the reference strain sensing is performed. The portion of the device 7 that is in contact with the substrate 4 is compressed and deformed, and the resistance R of the portion of the reference strain sensor 7 that contacts the substrate 4 becomes small.
  • the total resistance change detected by the strain sensor 1 is the sum of the resistance ⁇ Rm and the interference resistance Ri generated by the tensile strain
  • the total resistance change detected by the strain sensor 7 is the resistance ⁇ R and the interference resistance Ri generated by the compressive strain. with.
  • the difference between these two signals, ( ⁇ Rm+Ri)-( ⁇ R+Ri) ⁇ Rm + ⁇ R
  • the interference resistance Ri can be cancelled, and the signal strength is increased, and the absolute value becomes ⁇ Rm + ⁇ R.
  • the interference of the environmental factors such as temperature and stress on the inductor can be eliminated.
  • the differential detection method can be used to reduce or eliminate the influence of the external environment, because the environment is elastic to the substrate 4. Both the positive change segment and the negative change segment produced by the deformation have the same influence.
  • the measurement of the signal through the second metal line 6 minimizes environmental interference.
  • the pressure type touch screen provided by the present invention recognizes the magnitude and position of the touch pressure on the one hand, and on the other hand, is less affected by environmental interference during the touch operation and is not restricted by the touch mode, thereby improving the convenience of the touch screen. And reliability, while improving the accuracy of detecting touch pressure.
  • the present embodiment can perform scanning recording on the strain sensor at a predetermined frequency, for example, selecting the frequency as 60 Hz, and detecting the touch position and force in each scan.
  • a predetermined frequency for example, selecting the frequency as 60 Hz
  • the touch point with respect to time can be determined, thereby determining the gesture of the touch, ie the mode of operation of the user, with a predetermined algorithm.
  • the touch pressure information can be used to further define the meaning of the touch action. For example, when the page is turned over with a force exceeding the standard setting, one touch can be made and multiple pages can be turned. In this way, the operation mode of the user on the touch screen is further enriched, and the user is better able to implement “human-machine exchange” with the touch screen.
  • the pressure-sensitive touch panel further includes a pressure receiving plate 2 fixed on the upper surface of the substrate, and the user can touch the bearing plate. 2, the substrate 4 can be operated. In this way, the user can be prevented from directly contacting the substrate, thereby reducing wear and pollution of the substrate and improving the service life.
  • the position of the side of the bearing plate 2 projected on the strain sensor 1 is in the strain sensor 1 middle place.
  • the position of the side of the pressure receiving plate 2 projected on the reference strain sensor 7 is at an intermediate position of the reference strain sensor 7.
  • the touch pressure generated by the user during operation is reasonably distributed to the periphery of the substrate 4, and once the substrate 4 produces a slight lateral deformation, the peripheral deformation of the substrate 4 will be affected, and the strain sensor is 1
  • the lateral deformation amount of the substrate 4 can be detected immediately, and the detection sensitivity of the pressure type touch screen is improved.
  • the strain sensors 1 are evenly distributed along the peripheral direction of the substrate 4.
  • the strain sensors are disposed at four corners of the substrate 4.
  • the pressure receiving plate 2 is fixed on the upper surface of the substrate 4 by bonding, and the user can touch the operation input information.
  • the strain sensor 1 is placed on the periphery of the substrate 4 such that the intermediate portion of the substrate 4 is not blocked.
  • the number of strain sensors 1 on one side of the substrate 4 can be made larger than the number of strain sensors 1 on the adjacent side edges.
  • the number of strain sensors 1 used can be increased or decreased, and the number and position of the strain sensors 1 can be determined according to different touch screen designs.
  • the bearing plate 2 is made of a transparent material such as glass, acrylic, and PC board.
  • the substrate 4 may be made of a transparent material or a metal material such as an opaque aluminum plate or a stainless steel plate.
  • the middle portion of the substrate 4 is made of a transparent material, and the peripheral portion is made of an opaque material, and the contents of the display screen below the substrate 4 can be observed through the intermediate window portion of the substrate 4.
  • the strain sensor 1 is an electronic component made of a metal thin wire, a polycrystalline or amorphous semiconductor, a carbon nanotube, or a conductor insulator composite.
  • each of the strain sensors 1 is connected to a detecting circuit through first metal wires 5 and third metal wires 8 respectively located at both ends thereof.
  • the user's touch pressure and the lateral elastic deformation of the substrate 4 satisfy the Hooke's law, that is, the linear relationship is satisfied, and the elastic deformation of the substrate 4 correspondingly generates a resistance change amount, and the detection circuit can know the substrate 4 by detecting the resistance change amount.
  • the amount of elastic deformation thereby obtaining the touch position and the touch pressure value when the user touches.
  • the strain sensors 1 are disposed in pairs in the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction of the horizontal plane on the substrate 4, that is, a pair of strain sensors 1 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the substrate 4, To form a transverse channel and a longitudinal channel.
  • the substrate 4 is elastically deformed correspondingly, and a resistance change amount is generated in the lateral passage and the longitudinal passage, and the detecting circuit can determine the lateral direction of the touch position by calculating the resistance change amount generated by the substrate 4. Coordinates and longitudinal coordinates and touch pressure.
  • the detection circuit collects and calculates these resistance changes, and the precise touch position and touch pressure can be obtained.
  • the substrate 4 is elastically reset to its original position.
  • the touch position and the pressure level can also be obtained by detecting the resistance change value generated by the elastic shape variable of the substrate 4, and thus, a multi-touch operation can be realized.
  • the pressure-sensitive touch panel further includes a support plate 3 disposed on a lower surface of the substrate 4 and located outside the periphery of the substrate 4 and disposed between the strain sensors 1 .
  • the support plate 3 is fixed to the outer edge of the lower surface of the substrate 4 with a distance from the strain sensor 1.
  • the support plate 3 is usually fixed to the periphery of the lower surface of the substrate 4 by bonding. By setting this spacing, the strain sensor 1 has a space that can be moved. A space is reserved for the elastic deformation of the substrate 4, and when the substrate 4 is deformed, it is not interfered by other elements located below it, and does not interfere with the support plate 3 in the vicinity thereof.
  • the present invention also provides a touch display screen comprising the above-described pressure-sensitive touch screen, the pressure-sensitive touch screen comprising a substrate 4 and a strain sensor 1; the upper surface of the substrate 4 is provided with a display screen
  • the display screen has rigidity, is not easily deformed, and is integrally formed with the pressure-sensitive touch screen. In this way, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the production cost can be reduced.
  • the touch screen may also be fixed under the support plate 3, and the lower end portion of the support plate 3 is pressed against the periphery of the display screen.
  • the invention also provides another touch display screen,
  • the invention comprises a pressure-sensitive touch screen comprising a substrate 4 and a strain sensor 1 fixed at a periphery of a lower surface of the substrate 4 and a display screen having a rigid structure, the display The screen is fixed on the upper surface of the substrate 4, and the side of the display screen is projected at an intermediate position of the strain sensor 1 or with reference to an intermediate position of the strain sensor 7.
  • the bearing plate 2 in the touch screen is replaced with a display having a certain rigidity.
  • a display screen as the bearing plate 2 can reduce the thickness and cost of the entire touch display.
  • the pressure receiving plate 2 is provided as a resistive touch screen, a capacitive touch screen or a surface acoustic wave touch screen.
  • the touch display can provide position information and only the strain sensor can provide touch pressure information. In this way, a single set of strain sensors can be used, which simplifies the circuit design.
  • the display screen may be embedded in the pressure receiving plate 2 or the display screen may be integrally formed with the pressure receiving plate 2. That is, the pressure receiving plate 2 has a display function at the same time.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising the pressure sensitive touch screen or touch display screen of any of the above. Since the pressure-sensitive touch screen described above is adopted, the pressure magnitude and position of the user during operation can be simultaneously detected, the pressure sensing operation of the touch screen is enriched, and the convenience of operation of the electronic device is improved.

Abstract

本发明涉及一种触摸屏，尤其涉及一种压力感应式触摸屏及电子设备。本触摸屏包括，具有弹性形变性能并供用户操作的基板和用于检测所述基板横向变形且固设于所述基板的下表面周边处的应变感应器，还包括一承压板，所述承压板固设于所述基板的上表面，所述承压板的侧边投影于所述应变感应器上的位置处于所述应变感应器的中间位置。本发明还提供了一种包含上述压力感应式触摸屏的电子设备。本发明通过检测基板的横向变形量，从而识别触摸位置和触摸压力值，为用户提供压感操作功能，并能适应不同的输入方法，不受触摸方式的限制。

Description

一种压力感应式触摸屏和触摸显示屏及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种触摸屏，尤其涉及一种压力感应式触摸屏和触摸显示屏及电子设备。
 背景技术
目前，触摸屏可以为计算机或其他数据处理设备显示数字信息，同时还提供直观的输入。触摸屏也被广泛应用于各种各样的电子产品中，通过触摸屏幕实现数据输入、操作、控制等功能，实现“人机对话”。这给生产生活带来了许多便利，克服了如键盘和鼠标等输入设备不容易携带的问题。
当今业界，已经存在多种类型的触摸屏，如电容型，电阻型，红外线型和表面声波型。这些触摸屏是通过检测手指施加后的接触电阻/电容/阻挡的红外线或声波的变化，来检测触摸的位置信息的。该类触摸屏仅能获得用户的触摸操作位置信息，但不能检测触摸时的压力值。实际应用中，当需要检测触摸压力大小时，就变得举手无措，局限了产品的应用。在实际使用中，各种触摸屏在检测位置上的精确度是利用本身的电性原理来实现的。这就产生了可靠性低的问题：电阻屏因为使用电阻膜材作为电极的一部分，在使用中软性膜材易受到刮花、破损的影响，可靠性将大大降低；电容屏因使用检测微小电容的原理，在有液体飞溅到表面或在低温/高温情况下，电容检测错误将会频繁出现，甚至出现屏幕失效、系统死机的现象；其他形式的触摸屏亦会出现类似的问题。这些问题直接导致触摸屏的可靠性低。
另外，现有的触摸屏还受到输入方法的限制，如需要手指直接接触，不能带手套或需要配置手写笔等，如此，给用户造成了诸多的不便。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种压力感应式触摸屏及电子设备，旨在解决现有技术中触摸屏不能检测触摸压力值，用户不能使用压感操作功能，以及操作可靠性低的问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明是这样实现的，一种压力感应式触摸屏，包括：具有弹性形变性能并供用户操作的基板和用于检测所述基板横向变形且固设于所述基板的下表面周边处的应变感应器。
进一步地，各所述应变传感器均串联一个规格参数与之相同的参照应变感应器，各所述参照应变感应器邻近各自对应的所述应变传感器并设置于所述基板的边缘外侧。
进一步地，所述压力感应式触摸屏还包括一承压板，所述承压板固设于所述基板的上表面，所述承压板的侧边投影于所述应变感应器上的位置处于所述应变感应器的中间位置。
进一步地，所述压力感应式触摸屏还包括一承压板，所述承压板固设于所述基板的上表面，所述承压板的侧边投影于所述参照应变感应器上的位置处于所述参照应变感应器的中间位置。
进一步地，所述应变感应器沿所述基板的周边方向均匀分布。
进一步地，所述应变传感器分设于所述基板的四个角落处。
本发明还提供了一种触摸显示屏，其包含有一种压力感应式触摸屏，所述压力感应式触摸屏包括具有弹性形变性能并供用户操作的基板和用于检测所述基板横向变形且固设于所述基板的下表面周边处的应变感应器；所述压力感应式触摸屏中的基板的上表面设有具有刚性并与所述压力感应式触摸屏一体成型的显示屏。
本发明还提供了另一种触摸显示屏， 其包含有一种压力感应式触摸屏，所述压力感应式触摸屏包括具有弹性形变性能并可供用户操作的基板和用于检测所述基板横向变形且固设于所述基板的下表面周边处的应变感应器以及一具有刚性结构的显示屏，所述显示屏固设于所述基板的上表面，所述显示屏的侧边投影于所述应变感应器上的位置处于所述应变感应器的中间位置。
进一步地，各所述应变传感器均串联一个规格参数与之相同的参照应变感应器，各所述参照应变感应器邻近各自对应的所述应变传感器并设置于所述基板的边缘外侧，所述显示屏固设于所述基板的上表面，所述显示屏的侧边投影于所述应变感应器上的位置处于所述参照应变感应器的中间位置。
本发明还提供了一种电子设备，其包括上述任一项所述的一种压力感应式触摸屏或包括上述任一项所述的触摸显示屏。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的一种压力感应式触摸屏、触摸显示屏及电子设备。通过将应变感应器设置于所述基板的周边处，用于检测基板水平方向上的弹性形变量识别触摸位置和触摸压力大小，为触摸输入提供了一个额外维度，丰富了压感操作功能，可适应不同的输入方法，由于该触摸屏的操作是通过检测触摸压力对基板产生的应变来实现的，用户触摸操作时不受触摸方式的限制。同时，毋须检测各应变感应器的形变，对各应变感应器与所述基板的安装连接要求低，如此，提高了压力感应式触摸屏使用的可靠性和灵敏度。上述压力感应式触摸屏，可同时检测用户操作时的压力大小和位置，丰富了触摸屏的压感操作，提高了触摸显示屏和电子设备操作的便捷性。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一中压力感应式触摸屏的背面示意图；
图2是本发明实施例一中压力感应式触摸屏的局部剖视示意图；
图3是本发明实施例二中压力感应式触摸屏的局部剖视示意图；
图4是本发明实施例三中压力感应式触摸屏的另一局部剖视示意图。
标记说明：
1为应变感应器，2承压板，3支撑板，4为基板，5为第一金属线，6为第二金属线、7为参照应变感应器和8为第三金属线。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
以下结合具体附图对本发明的实现进行详细的描述。
如图1和图2所示，本发明提供一种压力感应式触摸屏，本实施例中，所述压力感应式触摸屏，其包括基板4和应变感应器1；基板4具有高敏感度的弹性形变性能，可供用户操作，应变感应器1固设于所述基板4的下表面的周边处。当用户触碰所述基板4时，使得所述基板4沿其表面方向产生横向变形，也就是使所述基板4沿其长度方向和宽度方向发生变形。所述应变感应器1通过检测该横向变形量，进行计算便可获知用户触碰的位置和压力大小。
为用户触摸操作提供了一个额外的操作维度，为用户提供了压感操作的功能，由于该触摸屏的操作是通过检测触摸压力对基板4产生的应变来实现的，因此，不受触摸方式的限制，非导电物体（例如笔，手套等）和导电体（如手指）均可以产生触摸作用，能适应不同的输入方法，且毋须检测各应变感应器1的形变，如此，对各应变感应器1与基板4的安装连接要求低，还提高了压力感应式触摸屏使用的可靠性。
参见图3和图4所示，各所述应变传感器1均串联一个参照应变感应器7，本实施例中，各参照应变感应器7与其对应的应变传感器1的规格参数相同。如此，利于设计安装，易于实现批量生产。各参照应变感应器7邻近各自对应的应变传感器1并设置于所述基板4的边缘外侧。各应变感应器1的一端通过第二金属线6与参照应变感应器7串联，所述第二金属线6为信号测量线用于测量信号；应变感应器1的另一端通过第三金属线8连接电压供应，所述参照应变感应器7的另一端通过第一金属线5接地。由于应变感应器1与参照应变感应器7位置很接近且规格参数相同，周围环境对两感应器的干扰相同。当用户触摸操作基板4时，基板4发生弹性形变，具体地，应变感应器1接触基板4的部分发生拉升形变，应变感应器1接触基板4的部分的电阻Rm变大，而参照应变感应器7接触基板4的部分压缩变形，参照应变感应器7接触基板4的部分的电阻R变小。应变感应器1检测到的总电阻变化量为拉伸应变产生的电阻ΔRm和干扰电阻Ri之和，参照应变感应器7检测到的总电阻变化量为压缩应变产生的电阻ΔR和干扰电阻Ri之和。这样两个信号的差分，（ΔRm+Ri）-(ΔR+Ri) =ΔRm +ΔR， 即可抵消干扰电阻Ri，同时增大信号强度，其绝对值变为ΔRm +ΔR。如此，可消除温度、应力等环境因素对感应器的干扰。当然，并非一定需要一个应变传感器为正，一个为负，只要两个应变传感器的测量范围有足够大的差值，即可通过差分检测方法减少或消除外界环境的影响，因为环境对基板4弹性形变产生的正向变化段与负向变化段都会产生同向影响。通过第二金属线6的信号测量，会将环境干扰降到最低。这样，本发明提供的压力式的触摸屏一方面识别触摸压力的大小和位置，另一方面触摸操作时受环境的干扰影响小并不受触摸方式的限制，提高了所述触摸屏的触摸的便捷性和可靠性，同时提高了检测触摸压力的精度。
进一步地，本实施例可对所述应变传感器以预定的频率进行扫描记录，例如，将频率选为60赫兹，并检测出每一次扫描中的触摸位置和力量。用这种方式可以确定触摸点相对于时间的移动，从而以预定的算法判断触摸的手势，即用户的操作方式。例如，当触摸位置随时间由右至左的动作时，很明显这是一个翻页的动作。此外，触摸压力信息可以用来进一步定义触摸动作的含义，例如，以超过标准设定的力量翻页时，可实现一次触摸，翻页多张。如此，更加丰富了用户对触摸屏的操作方式，有利于用户更好的与所述触摸屏实现“人机交换”。
再见图2、图3和图4所示，所述压力感应式触摸屏还包括一承压板2，所述承压板2固设于所述基板的上表面，用户可通过触碰承压板2便可操作基板4。如此，可避免用户直接接触所述基板，从而减少所述基板的磨损和污染，提高了使用寿命。其中，图2所示的实施例一和图3所示的实施例二中，所述承压板2的侧边投影于所述应变感应器1上的位置均处于所述应变感应器1的中间位置。其中，在图4所示的实施例三中，所述承压板2的侧边投影于所述参照应变感应器7上的位置处于所述参照应变感应器7的中间位置。如此设计，通过该承压板2将用户操作时产生的触摸压力合理的分布到基板4的周边上，一旦所述基板4产生细微的横向变形，将会牵动基板4的周边形变，应变感应器1便可立即检测到基板4的横向变形量，提高了压力式触摸屏的检测灵敏度。优选地，所述应变感应器1沿所述基板4的周边方向均匀分布。或者，将所述应变传感器分设于所述基板4的四个角落处。
具体地，所述承压板2通过粘结固设于所述基板4的上表面，可供用户触摸操作输入信息。
如图1所示，将应变感应器1设置于基板4的周边上，使得基板4的中间部分没有被遮挡。
当然，也可使所述基板4一侧边上的应变感应器1的数量大于相邻两侧边上应变感应器1的数量。具体应用中，可以增减应变感应器1的使用数量，应变感应器1的数量和位置的可根据不同的触摸屏设计来确定。
实际制造中，承压板2由透明材料，如玻璃，亚克力，和PC板等制作而成。基板4可由透明材料或不透明的铝板，不锈钢板等金属材料制作而成。具体地，所述基板4的中间部分由透明材料制作而成，周边部分采用不透明的材料制作而成，透过基板4的中间视窗部分便可观察其下方的显示屏内容。
具体地，所述应变传感器1为金属细线、多晶或非晶半导体、碳纳米管、或导体绝缘体复合材料制成的电子元件。
如图2所示，各所述应变感应器1通过分别位于其两端的第一金属线5和第三金属线8连接于一检测电路中。用户触摸压力与基板4的横向弹性形变满足胡克定律，即符合线性关系，基板4的弹性形变量相应地产生一个电阻变化量，所述检测电路通过检测该电阻变化量就可获知基板4的弹性变形量，进而获得用户触摸时的触摸位置和触摸压力值。实际应用中，于所述基板4上水平面的横向和纵向上，所述应变感应器1均成对设置，即所述基板4上相对的两侧边上分别对应设有一对应变感应器1，以构成横向通道和纵向通道。当用户触摸不同位置时，所述基板4相应地发生弹性变形，于横向通道和纵向通道中产生一个电阻变化量，所述检测电路通过计算基板4产生的电阻变化量即可确定触摸位置的横向坐标和纵向坐标和触摸压力。具体地，当触摸同一位置时，触摸压力越大，所述基板4的横向变形越大，电阻变化量越大；触摸压力越小，所述基板4的横向变形越小，则电阻变化量就越小，不同的电阻变化量对应不同的触摸压力，检测电路收集并计算这些电阻变化量，即可获知精确的触摸位置和触摸压力。当不触摸该触摸屏时，基板4将弹性复位至其原始位置。
当同时触摸所述基板4上两个或两个以上位置时，也可通过检测基板4的弹性形变量产生的电阻变化值获得触摸位置和压力大小，如此，可实现多点触控操作。
进一步地，所述压力感应式触摸屏还包括设置于所述基板4下表面且位于所述基板4周边的外侧并与所述应变感应器1相间设置的支撑板3。支撑板3固设于所述基板4的下表面的外边缘上，与应变感应器1之间具有一个间距。通常将支撑板3通过粘结固设于所述基板4下表面的周边上。通过设置该间距，使得应变感应器1具有一个可向移动的空间。为所述基板4的弹性变形预留出空间，当所述基板4发生形变时不被位于其下方的其他元件的干涉，也不会干涉其附近的支撑板3。
本发明还提供了一种触摸显示屏，其包含有上述一种压力感应式触摸屏，所述压力感应式触摸屏包括基板4和应变感应器1；所述基板4的上表面设有显示屏，所述显示屏具有刚性，不易变形，并与所述压力感应式触摸屏一体成型。如此，可将简化制作工艺，降低制作成本。
也可将所述触摸屏固设于所述支撑板3的下方，所述支撑板3的下端部抵压于所述显示屏的周边上。
本发明还提供了另一种触摸显示屏， 其包含有上述一种压力感应式触摸屏，所述压力感应式触摸屏包括基板4和固设于所述基板4的下表面周边处的应变感应器1以及一具有刚性结构的显示屏，所述显示屏固设于所述基板4的上表面，所述显示屏的侧边投影于所述应变感应器1的中间位置或参照应变感应器7的中间位置。 实际上，就是将触摸屏中的承压板2替换为具有一定刚性的显示屏。如OLED显示屏或液晶显示屏等。采用显示屏作为承压板2可以减少整个触摸显示屏的厚度及成本。
另外，当所述承压板2设置为电阻触摸屏、电容触摸屏或表面声波触摸屏时。此时触摸显示屏可以提供位置信息而只需应变传感器提供触摸压力信息即可。这样，可以只用一组应变传感器即可，简化了电路设计。
另外，也可将所述显示屏内嵌于所述承压板2中或所述显示屏与所述承压板2一体成型。即，所述承压板2同时具有显示功能。
本发明还提供了一种电子设备，其包括上述任一项所述的一种压力感应式触摸屏或触摸显示屏。由于采用上述的压力感应式触摸屏，如此，可同时检测用户操作时的压力大小和位置，丰富了触摸屏的压感操作，提高了电子设备操作的便捷性。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种压力感应式触摸屏，其特征在于，包括：
    具有弹性形变性能并供用户操作的基板和用于检测所述基板横向变形且固设于所述基板的下表面周边处的应变感应器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种压力感应式触摸屏，其特征在于：各所述应变传感器均串联一个规格参数与之相同的参照应变感应器，各所述参照应变感应器邻近各自对应的所述应变传感器并设置于所述基板的边缘外侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种压力感应式触摸屏，其特征在于：所述压力感应式触摸屏还包括一承压板，所述承压板固设于所述基板的上表面，所述承压板的侧边投影于所述应变感应器上的位置处于所述应变感应器的中间位置。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种压力感应式触摸屏，其特征在于：所述压力感应式触摸屏还包括一承压板，所述承压板固设于所述基板的上表面，所述承压板的侧边投影于所述参照应变感应器上的位置处于所述参照应变感应器的中间位置。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种压力感应式触摸屏，其特征在于：所述应变感应器沿所述基板的周边方向均匀分布。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种压力感应式触摸屏，其特征在于：所述应变传感器分设于所述基板的四个角落处。
  7. 一种触摸显示屏，包含有包括权利要求1或2或5-6中所述的一种压力感应式触摸屏，其特征在于：还包括一设于所述压力感应式触摸屏中基板的上表面且具有刚性并与所述压力感应式触摸屏一体成型的显示屏。
  8. 一种触摸显示屏，包含有包括权利要求3或4中任一项所述的一种压力感应式触摸屏，其特征在于：所述压力感应式触摸屏中承压板为具有刚性结构的显示屏。
  9. 一种电子设备，其特征在于：包括权利要求1-6中任一项所述的一种压力感应式触摸屏或包括权利要求7或8所述的一种触摸显示屏。
PCT/CN2013/083183 2013-09-10 2013-09-10 一种压力感应式触摸屏和触摸显示屏及电子设备 WO2015035546A1 (zh)

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