WO2015035480A1 - USOS DE PELO MENOS UM miRNA, KIT, MÉTODOS DE DIAGNÓSTICO DE CÂNCER DE MAMA E MÉTODOS PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE RISCO DE METÁSTASE - Google Patents
USOS DE PELO MENOS UM miRNA, KIT, MÉTODOS DE DIAGNÓSTICO DE CÂNCER DE MAMA E MÉTODOS PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE RISCO DE METÁSTASE Download PDFInfo
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- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/178—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use miRNA, siRNA or ncRNA
Definitions
- the present invention relates to novel uses of at least one microRNA (miRNA) as breast cancer biomarkers and as biomarkers of metastatic potential in breast cancer.
- miRNA microRNA
- kits comprising at least one of said biomarkers and methods for diagnosing breast cancer and for assessing the risk of metastasis in breast cancer.
- breast cancer The second most common type in the world, breast cancer is the most common among women, accounting for 22% of new cases each year. Breast cancer develops from genetic-molecular changes in breast tissue cells and is not considered a single disease, given its high standard of clinical and molecular heterogeneity.
- angiogenesis is an important mechanism in tumor development, being responsible for the nutritional contribution to neoplastic cells in proliferation, and establishing favorable conditions for metastatic dissemination.
- lymphangiogenesis a process referred to as lymphangiogenesis.
- lymphangiogenesis process that is, growth and production of new lymphatic vessels, under various physiological and pathological aspects, has gained greater interest in recent years.
- lymphatic dissemination is through the development of intratumoral or peritumoral vessels.
- the elucidation of the mechanisms that govern the lymphangiogenesis process is essential to understand how lymphatic vessels develop, as well as to find specific markers for them.
- the metastasis process in turn is a crucial step for the spread of cancer, accounting for over 90% of cancer-related deaths. Considering that the majority of cancer patients die due to the presence of metastases and not because of the primary tumor, it is therefore essential that studies advance the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of this event in order to find therapeutic targets and prevent the spread. of cancer.
- miRNAs have emerged as important regulators of gene expression and thus would be associated with the establishment and progression of various diseases including tumorigenesis (see Sassen S, Miska EA, Caldas C. MicroRNA — implications for cancer. Virchows Arch January 2008; 452 (1): 1-10).
- cancer pathogenesis involves, among other macromolecules, miRNAs, whose expression profiles are associated with prognosis and therapeutic outcomes in various human cancers.
- MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs (19 to 24 nucleotides) from proteins derived from staple precursor RNAs of about 60 to 10 nucleotides involved in post-transcriptional regulation of coding genes (see Calin GA, Croce CM. MicroRNA signatures in human cancers, Nat. Rev. Cancer, November 2006; 6 (11): 857-66).
- Post-transcriptional regulation exerted by miRNAs occurs by interaction (base pairing) in the 3 'untranslated mRNA region (3'UTR) and depends on the degree of complementarity with the target mRNA. The result of this interaction may lead to inhibition of translation or degradation of mRNA.
- miRNAs are small sequences and act without the need for complete pairing means that a single miRNA can regulate many target mRNAs, as well as cooperating in the control of a single mRNA (see Sevignani C, Calin GA, Syracuse LD, Croce CM).
- Mammalian microRNAs a small world for fine-tuning gene expression (Mamm. Genome March 2006; 17 (3): 189-202).
- the current bioinformatics tools used to study miRNAs still undergo constant updates and improvements given the fact that new molecular functions and mechanisms of action continue to emerge from these small molecules.
- breast carcinoma is widely studied worldwide, much remains to be investigated. In this sense, it is necessary to point out the importance of these research for public health, since the Figures show high rates of women with this disease, and high mortality rates directly or indirectly from breast cancer.
- the present invention aims to contribute to the expansion of knowledge towards this problem, having as its main objective the identification of miRNAs and their application as biomarkers in breast cancer and particularly the metastatic potential in breast cancer.
- the present invention relates to the use of at least one miRNA, selected from the group consisting of miRNA-183, miRNA-494 and miRNA-21, as a breast cancer biomarker and as a biomarker for metastatic potential. in breast cancer.
- the present invention relates to a kit comprising at least one of said biomarkers and instructions for use.
- the present invention relates to an in vitro diagnostic method of breast cancer, wherein said method comprises the steps of: (a) contacting at least one miRNA selected from the group consisting of miRNA- 183, miRNA-494 and miRNA-21, with a target sample; and (b) assess miRNA recognition by the target sample.
- the present invention relates to an in vitro method for breast cancer metastasis risk assessment, wherein said method comprises the steps of: (a) contacting at least one miRNA selected from the group consisting of miRNA -183, miRNA-494 and miRNA-21, with a target sample; and (b) assess miRNA recognition by the target sample.
- Another embodiment of the present invention relates to an in vitro diagnostic method of breast cancer, and to an in vitro method for metastasis risk assessment, wherein said methods utilize the kit of the present invention.
- Figure 1 represents a typical image of an electropherogram obtained from the integrity analysis of one of the total RNA samples of this project.
- Figure 2 represents an expression matrix of 12 differentially expressed microRNAs in the tumor tissue of non-metastatic breast cancer patients with ECI metastasis.
- the upper horizontal dendrogram shows the grouping of the samples and the vertical the grouping of the genes. Red indicates induction of expression, green repression, and black without modulation.
- Figure 3 represents an expression matrix of 43 differentially expressed microRNAs in the tumor tissue of non-metastatic breast cancer patients with ECU metastasis.
- the upper horizontal dendrogram shows the grouping of the samples and the vertical the grouping of the genes. Red indicates induction of expression, green repression, and black without modulation.
- Figure 4 represents an expression matrix of 67 differentially expressed microRNAs in the tumor tissue of non-metastatic breast cancer patients with ECIII metastasis.
- the upper horizontal dendrogram shows the grouping of the samples and the vertical the grouping of the genes. Red indicates induction of expression, green repression, and black without modulation.
- Figure 5 represents a Venn Diagram showing the overlap of miRNAs pointed to as differentially expressed in microarray analyzes. We can identify the 7 miRNAs common to the three stages and the others represent the stage-specific miRNAs common to more than one stage (p ⁇ 0.05).
- Figure 6 represents a comparison of the expression profiles of three miRNAs identified as potential biomarkers for the tumor metastasis process in patients with clinical stage I breast cancer (P ⁇ 0.05).
- Figure 7 represents a comparison of the expression profiles of six miRNAs identified as potential biomarkers for the tumor metastasis process in patients with breast cancer clinical stage II (p ⁇ 0.05).
- Figure 8 represents a comparison of the expression profiles of twelve miRNAs identified as potential biomarkers for the tumor metastasis process in patients with clinical stage III breast cancer (p ⁇ 0.05).
- Figure 9 represents a confirmation of miR-183 and miR-494 overexpression in the metastatic (M) versus non-metastatic (NM) breast tumor samples at clinical stage II and I, respectively (A and B).
- Figure 10 represents the ROC curves obtained from miR-21, miR-183 and miR-494 miRNA expression data differentially expressed in metastatic tumor samples from breast cancer patients in clinical stage II.
- Figure 11 represents the ROC curve obtained from the combination of miR-21, miR-183 and miR-494 miRNA expression data differentially expressed in metastatic tumor samples from breast cancer patients in clinical stage II.
- the present invention relates to the use of at least one miRNA, selected from the group consisting of miRNA-183, miRNA-494 and miRNA-21, as a breast cancer biomarker and as a biomarker for potential metastatic in breast cancer.
- the present invention utilizes a combination of miRNAs selected from miRNA-183, miRNA-494 and miRNA-21. Particularly, the present invention utilizes the three miRNAs together.
- the present invention relates to a kit comprising:
- the kit of the present invention may be used for the diagnosis or prognosis of breast cancer. Particularly, the kit of the present invention is applied in the prognosis or diagnosis of breast cancer metastasis.
- the kit of the present invention comprises a combination of the biomarkers selected from miRNA- 183, miRNA-494 and miRNA-21. Particularly, the kit of the present invention comprises the three miRNAs together.
- the present invention relates to an in vitro diagnostic method of breast cancer and an in vitro method for metastasis risk assessment, comprising the steps of: (a) contacting at least one miRNA selected from the group consisting of mi 'RNA 183, miRNA- 494 and miRNA-21 to a target sample; and (b) assess miRNA recognition by the target sample.
- the level of recognition or expression level of miRNAs by the target sample should be analyzed. High expression or recognition is associated with worse disease prognosis.
- the methods of the present invention employ a combination of miRNAs selected from miRNA-83, miRNA-494 and miRNA-21. More particularly, the three miRNAs are used together.
- the present invention further relates to an in vitro diagnostic method of breast cancer and an in vitro method for metastasis risk assessment using the kit of the present invention.
- metalastatic potential In accordance with the present invention, the terms “metastatic potential”, “metastatic prognosis” and “metastatic risk assessment” are used interchangeably.
- the metastatic potential or metastasis diagnosis of the present invention relates to any type of metastasis.
- the metastasis of the invention relates to distant metastasis or lymph node metastasis.
- the present invention relates to distant metastasis.
- a "target sample" includes any sample to be evaluated by the method of the present invention.
- the target sample of the present invention includes a sample of tumor tissue or cell lines.
- the tumor tissue is breast cancer tissue.
- the miRNAs of the present invention are commercially available miRNAs identified below:
- the overall sample corresponds to a retrospective cohort of 956 women who had not undergone previous breast cancer, treated between 1998 and 2001 at the Department of Mastology, Barretos Cancer Hospital. From this population, patients were excluded at clinical stages (CE) 0 and IV, and the patients were evaluated from a database with information regarding the treatment, recurrence and death of these patients. In this period the median follow-up was 86.5 months (range 1 to 141 months), with follow-up loss rates of 3.7%. At the end of the period, 32.7% died from cancer, 6.4% died from another cause, 8.8% were alive with cancer, and 51% were alive without evidence of cancer. Of the 832 patients with stage 0 to III, the recurrence rate was 31.6%. The recurrence rate is shown in Table TABLE 1
- Patients were selected based on the known outcome, ie, patients with distant metastasis, who were compared with patients who did not develop distant metastasis at the same clinical stage. Thirty patients were initially predicted in each staging subgroup, selected from the database and paired with the TNM stage, subclassified by the global EC, EC-T and EC-N, separating them into two groups, that is, patients with metastatic recurrence and no metastatic recurrence. The cases were sequentially selected according to the hospital registry using the seventh edition TNM (61). In the absence of a metastatic correspondent, the case was evaluated with the staging that has the closest characteristics, and the sequential choice of the database.
- the medical records were evaluated, obtaining information regarding the anatomopathological number.
- the patient was included.
- the patient was excluded. when possible, a new case in the database, also chosen sequentially.
- microRNA global expression analysis 9 patients in EC I, 13 patients in EC II and 13 patients in ECIII who did not develop metastatic disease and 4 patients from EC I, 10 from ECU and 15 from ECIII who metastasized to distance, corresponding to 13 patients in Stage I, 23 patients in Stage II and 28 patients in Stage III.
- the microRNAs that were differentially expressed in the initial screening stage had their differential expression confirmed by Real Time PCR in this same screening cohort.
- the clinical and anatomopathological variables related to TNM clinical staging and treatment and follow-up were obtained from the survey of medical records using a standardized form and are in the form of a database using SPSS statistics 19 for Windows. ®. This database also contains data related to metastasis, follow-up, death and survival.
- the sections were analyzed under an optical microscope, with 40X magnification of the slides, applying the semi-quantitative method.
- the semi-quantitative analysis was made regarding the positivity or negativity of the marker.
- RE and RP were considered positive when there was nuclear labeling in more than 1% of tumor cells.
- 5/6 cytokeratins were considered positive when cytoplasmic labeling (weak or strong) was observed in tumor cells.
- Ki-67 was considered as a percentage of labeled cells. For statistical analysis, a cutoff point of 14% was considered.
- HER2 For membrane markers such as HER2 (Herceptest), they were evaluated with a semi-quantitative score and defined as negative 0 - 1 + (zero to one cross), and as positive, moderate 2+ (two crosses). and intense marking 3+ (three crosses). HER2 was evaluated by IHQ and the cases were confirmed with DISH, being the probe kit for analysis of Ventana's HER2.
- Dako 1 600 Amygdala
- tumor fragments were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde. All material was previously evaluated by the responsible pathologist and collaborator in this project Dr. Ligia Maria Kerr, who evaluated the histological sections from paraffin blocks available at the Department of Pathology of Barretos Cancer Hospital, stained with Hematoxylin / Eosina. This procedure was used as a selection criterion for blocks with more representative tumor areas for RNA extraction, thus avoiding contamination by excess non-tumor cells and necrosis.
- RNA extraction was performed from 40 ⁇ (4 slides with 10 ⁇ each) following the Recover AH Total Nucleic Acid Isolation Kit protocol (Ambion by Life Technologies, Austin, TX, USA). This protocol is initiated by dipping the xylol sections for paraffin removal, followed by a 3 minute incubation in a thermoblock at 50 ° C, and then centrifuging at 10,000 rpm for 2 minutes to pellet cells. Then, the xylol was removed leaving the pellet at the bottom of the tube. Two washes with 1 ml absolute ethanol were then performed at room temperature to remove all residual xylol, followed by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 2 minutes at room temperature, leaving the pellet and removing the supernatant.
- the resulting cell pellet was dried in a Savant ISS110 Speedvac Concentrator vacuum centrifuge (Thermo Scientific, Asheville, NC, USA) for 15 minutes at standard speed and 45 ° C. Then 4pL of protease was added followed by 100 ⁇ of digestion buffer provided by the kit and the samples were then incubated for 3 hours at 50 ° C to allow complete tissue lysis and RNA release. A protease inactivation step was then performed by heating at 80 ° C for 15 minutes. After this time, 275 ⁇ _ of absolute alcohol and 120 ⁇ _ of Isolation additive reagent (supplied by the kit) were added to each sample, adding a total of 395 ⁇ _ per sample to assist in the separation of nucleic acids from the rest of the cellular components.
- the material was then purified on silica filter columns provided by the kit that retains the total RNA and the filtered material is discarded. Following, two wash steps were performed, namely: 700pL of Wash 1 solution (supplied by the kit) was initially added and then the samples were centrifuged for 30 seconds at 10,000 rpm and room temperature. The filtrate was discarded in the same purification column and 500 ⁇ of Wash 2 solution (also provided by the kit) was added. The samples were then centrifuged again for 30 seconds at 10,000 rpm at room temperature.
- RNAse free water was added to the center of the filter. After 1 minute incubation at room temperature the samples were again centrifuged for 1 minute at 13,400 rpm at room temperature to obtain total RNA eluted in RNAse free water. The total RNA obtained was then stored in a freezer at -80 ° C until use.
- RNA samples The quality of the total RNA samples was determined by microfluidic electrophoresis (On-Chip electrophoresis) using the Agilent Bioanalyzer 2 ⁇ 00 apparatus (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and with the Small Chips RNA (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara). , CA, USA) ( Figure 5). This chip was chosen because it allows the quantification of small RNAs such as microRNAs in samples obtained from paraffin material.
- RNA Small gel was added to a filter column provided by the kit itself and centrifuged for 10,000 g for 15 minutes at room temperature. At room temperature, the gel was aliquoted into 0.2mL tubes with 45pL each and stored at -30 ° C until time of use. In a 45 ⁇ _ aliquot into a 0.2 ⁇ _ nuclease-free tube, 2 ⁇ _ RNA 6000 Small Dye was added, vortexed for 10 seconds and then centrifuged at 13,000g for 10 minutes at room temperature.
- RNA 6000 Small chip was prepared and placed on the priming station with the correct RNA readings.
- 9 ⁇ _ of the gel / dye mixture was added to the G region indicated on the chip and with the aid of a syringe attached to the priming station the gel was distributed throughout the chip.
- 9 ⁇ _ of the mixture was added at the other points indicated with the letter G.
- 9 ⁇ _ of the Small RNA conditioning solution was added at the position marked as CS and 1 ⁇ _ of marker at the indicated position as ladder and 5 ⁇ _ of RNA Small Marker. on each of the 11 samples as well as the marker position.
- the samples were denatured at 70 ° C for 2 minutes to avoid formation of secondary structures and 1 ⁇ _ of each sample was added to the respective wells marked 1 to 1 1.
- the chip was shaken horizontally at 2,200 rpm for 1 minute and then the chip was placed in the bioanalyzer.
- the result (electropherogram and gel densitometry) was obtained within 30 minutes of electrophoretic running.
- microarray slides (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) each containing four regions with 15,000 oligos (60 mer) representing 723 human miRNAs and 76 internal controls prepared by the SurePrint (printing system) process, called 8x15k oligo-a / rays format.
- This in situ synthesis process enables 40-60-mer long base-to-base deposition of oligonucleotides (which includes the microRNA sequence and an extra tail), with extreme precision resulting in high purity and high fidelity of the probes. of microRNAs.
- Labeling of samples was performed using the complete Labeling and Hyb Kit miRNA (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) from 100ng total RNA.
- the first step involved dilution of total RNA to 50ng / pL in nuclease free water. Subsequently, 2 ⁇ _ (100ng) of this dilution was added to a 0.6mL tube and kept on ice while preparing the CIP (Calf Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase) Master Mix, which was made without Spike-in labeling.
- CIP Calf Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase
- the CIP Master Mix sample reaction contained: 0.4 ⁇ _ of 10X Calf Intestinal Phosphatase Buffer, 1.1 pL of nuclease-free water and 0.5 ⁇ _ of Calf Intestinal Phosphatase, with the final volume in each sample being 4pL.
- the next step involved dephosphorylation of the samples. All tubes were placed at 37 ° C in a thermoblock for 30 minutes. Then, the samples were denatured by adding 2.8 ⁇ 2,8_ of 100% DMSO in a thermoblock for 8 minutes. After this time, the tubes were immediately placed in a cold bath made of a mixture of water and ice.
- the ligation process was started by preparing the Ligation Master Mix. This mix consisted of a sample: 1 ⁇ _ of 10X T4 RNA Ligase Buffer (previously heated to 37 ° C to dissolve the precipitate); 3 ⁇ _ Cyanine3-pCp and 0.5 ⁇ _ T4 RNA Ligase (kept at room temperature during reaction preparation). After addition of the mix, it was gently mixed, resulting in a final volume of 11.3 ⁇ , and rapid low centrifugation was performed before the tubes were incubated at 16 ° C in a thermocycler for 2 hours.
- the samples were resuspended at 18 ⁇ . of nuclease-free water and then pipetted with 4.5 ⁇ _ of 10X Blocking Agent (prepared by adding 125 ⁇ 1_ of nuclease-free water and heated at 37 ° C for 4 minutes) and 22.5 ⁇ _ of 2X Hi-RPM Hybridization Buffer, resulting in a volume of 45 ⁇ _. After being gently mixed, the samples were incubated at 100 ° C for 5 minutes and immediately transferred to ice for 5 minutes.
- 10X Blocking Agent prepared by adding 125 ⁇ 1_ of nuclease-free water and heated at 37 ° C for 4 minutes
- 22.5 ⁇ _ of 2X Hi-RPM Hybridization Buffer resulting in a volume of 45 ⁇ _.
- the hybridization chambers containing Agilent slides were prepared to receive the samples. Everything must occur within a maximum of 15 minutes.
- the hybridization process with the microarray took place in an oven at 55 ° C at 20rpm for 20 hours.
- MICROARRAY DATA ANALYSIS QUANTIFICATION AND PREPROCESS BETWEEN MIRNAS MICROARRAY DATA
- the background adjustment was made by subtracting the background values from each microRNA (gBGMedianSigna ⁇ ) by the expression values (gMedianSignal), and transformed into logarithmic scale. (log2). Finally, all distributions were normalized by the quantile method, using the Aroma light package (63). The median value of all miRNA sequences deposited on the microarray slide was also calculated.
- Rank Products is a nonparametric statistical method that provides a ranked list by folding in which the false positive rate is calculated. In a recent study comparing various microarray analysis methods, this test was considered to be one of the most robust, even with low sample sizes (65).
- Real-time quantitative PCR was used to confirm microarray data for four miRNAs, which were differentially expressed between the metastatic and non-metastatic breast carcinoma patient samples. non-metastatic at different clinical stages. For clinical staging I, miR-2 was selected; for stage II miRNA miR-183; already for stage III the miR-140-3p. We also selected miR-494 that was differentially expressed in patients with metastatic tumors regardless of clinical staging. For normalization of data we used the RNU 48 as endogenous miRNA (whose expression remains with the same pattern in all biological samples) (Table 6).
- the qRT-PCR reaction was performed using the Taqman microRNA Assays kit (Life Technologies, Foster City, CA, USA) as directed by the manufacturer. Quantitation of the expression of differentially expressed microRNAs follows a simple two-step protocol that requires reverse transcription with a specific microRNA primer followed by real-time PCR with TaqMan probes. Reverse transcription reactions were performed with 10ng total RNA, 0.15 ⁇ _ dNTP; 1 ⁇ 1_ of Multiscribe enzyme; 1, 5 ⁇ _ from 10x RT buffer, 0.19 ⁇ _ from Rnase inhibitor, 3 ⁇ _ from the microRNA primer of interest; 4, 16 L RNAse free water according to manufacturer's instructions.
- the samples remained at 16 ° C for 30 minutes (1 cycle), then at 42 ° C (1 cycle) for a further 30 minutes and then at 85 ° C for 5 minutes (1 cycle). Reactions were performed on the MasterCycle-Eppendorf thermocycler. After this step, the samples were immediately placed on ice and stored at -20 ° C.
- the second step is the cDNA amplification reaction. To this end, 5 ⁇ 1_ sample of master mix RT was added to each sample; 2.5pL RNAse free water; and 0.5 ⁇ _ of the probe of the same microRNA as the primer used in the step 1 reverse transcription process.
- the amount of the mix is determined by multiplying by the number of samples, usually a 96-well plate; 8 ⁇ L of the mix is added to each well; and 2 ⁇ _ of the cDNA of each sample.
- the qPCR reactions were performed with the aid of the 7900 HT Fast Real-time PCR System (Applied Biosystems USA).
- the reaction has a final volume of 10 ⁇ 1_, and each sample was made in triplicate, amplified on the 7900HT Fast Real-time PCR System (Applied Biosystems USA) in a run of about 2 hours and 30 minutes with the following cycles: Stage 1, 10 minutes at 95 ° C; Stage 2, 40 repetitions of 15 seconds at 95 ° C and 1 minute at 60 ° C.
- hsa-miRNA-494 002365 UGAAACAUACACGGGAAACCUC hsa-miRNA-140-3p 002234 U ACCACAG GGU AG
- AAC C AC GG hsa-miRNA-21 000397 UAGCUUAUCAGUGUGUUGA
- each microRNA was calculated by comparing analysis of the target gene with that of the internal control (RNU 48 Control miRNA Assay, Applied Biosystems, USA) using the ⁇ comparative method using the R program to determine their relative quantifications.
- RNU 48 Control miRNA Assay As normalizer, we used the minimum expression value of the nonmetastatic group in relation to the metastatic group of each clinical staging.
- the statistical difference in miRNAs between patient groups was calculated using the nonparametric Mean-Whitney-U-test. We use the cutoff value p ⁇ 0.05. Then, these miRNAs were subjected to a ROC curve analysis that established a cutoff value based on differential expression to identify suppressed and induced miRNAs.
- RNA extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples we evaluated them for protein (260/280 ratio) and phenol / reagent (260/230) contamination, in which all samples were ratios between 1, 8 and 2.0, thus indicating no contamination.
- RNA samples were subjected to integrity analysis by microfluidic electrophoresis using the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer apparatus.
- integrity of the samples evidencing the preservation of miRNAs can be observed by densitometry, in which we can check the percentage of miRNAs in the total RNA population.
- RNA samples 100 ng were labeled using the miRNA complete labeling and Hyb Kit (Agilent Technologies) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- MicroRNAs were considered as differentially expressed at each clinical stage, comparing the primary tumor expression profile of patients who over time developed or did not develop distant metastasis according to the p-value and pfp (percentage of false positives) parameters. ), both below 0.05. Thus, they were We performed paired analyzes between ECI (without metastasis) and ECIM (with metastasis), ECU (without metastasis) and ECIIM (with metastasis) and ECIII (without metastasis) and ECIIIM (with metastasis).
- Figures 2, 3 and 4 show the expression matrix with the dendrogram of microRNAs and samples obtained in the comparison between ECI x ECIM, ECU x ECIIM and ECIII x ECIIIM, respectively.
- microRNA P.value pfp modulation hsa-let-7a 0.00001 0.0045 up hsa-let-7b 0.00001 0.0011 up hsa-let-7c 0.00001 0.0212 up hsa-miR-1225-3p 1.00E-04 0.0496 up hsa-miR-1231 0.00001 0.005 up hsa-miR-1308 0.00001 0.0133 down hsa-miR-914 0.00001 0.00001 up hsa-miR-21 0.00001 0.0174 up hsa-miR-328 0.00001 0.0233 up hsa-miR-494 5.00E-05 0.0274 up hsa-miR-553 1.00E-04 0.033
- OOE-04 0.0122 up hsa-miR-1260 0.00001 0.00195 down hsa-miR-1268 0.00001 8.00E-04 up hsa-miR-1274a 0.00001 0.0059 down hsa-miR-1274b 0.00001 0.00001 down hsa-miR-1288 1.
- microRNA P.value pfp modulation hsa-miR-23a 0.00001 0.0043 up hsa-miR-27a 1.00E-04 0.0123 up hsa-miR-29c 1.00E-04 0.0121 down hsa-miR-301a 2.00E-04 0.0419 down hsa-miR -424 1.00E-04 0.0155 up hsa-miR-494 0.00001 0.0103 down hsa-miR-572 3.00E-04 0.03065 up hsa-miR-575 3.00E-04 0.0308 up hsa-miR-630 5.00E-04 0.0425 up hsa -miR-638 0.00001 0.0054 up hsa-miR-663 2.00E-04 0.02005 up hsa-miR-720 0.00001 0.00001 down 0.00001 down 0.00001 down 0.00001 down 0.00001 down 0.00001 down 0.00001 down
- ebv-miR-BART12 0.00001 0.0058 up ebv-miR-BART13 2.00E-04 0.02065 down ebv-miR-BART19-3p 4.00E-04 0.0297 down hsa-let-7a 0.00001 0.0017 down hsa-let-7b 0.00001 0.00375 up hsa- let-7c 0.00015 0.025 up hsa-let-7f 1.00E-04 0.0148 down hsa-let-7g * 6.00E-04 0.0438 down hsa-miR-103 3.00E-04 0.0245 down hsa-miR-106b 4.00E-04 0.0317 down hsa-miR-107 3.00E-04 0.0233 down hsa-miR-1202 2.00E-04 0.0291 up hsa-miR-1207-5p 0.00001 0.00435 up hsa-miR-1225-5p 4.00E-04 0.03915 down
- hsa-let7a hsa-let7b
- hsa-let7c hsa-miR-1308
- hsa-miR-21 hsa-miR494, hsa-miR-923 V12.0.
- hsa-let-7a hsa-let-7a
- hsa-let-7b hsa-let-7c
- miR-21 miRNAs that are already known to be related to the metastasis process, because they target some tumor suppressors (PTEN) and proto-oncogenes (Ras genes), which validates our results with other previously analyzed studies.
- PTEN tumor suppressors
- Ras genes proto-oncogenes
- miRNAs we selected miR-21 (already known to be involved in carcinogenesis) and miR-494 (since there are no concrete evidence of its role in the process of metastasis in breast cancer) for confirmation of real-time PCR data.
- FIGS 12, 13 and 14 illustrate the expression profiles of microRNAs identified as candidates for metastasis biomarkers identified in the samples of patients in clinical stages I, II and III who metastasized (ECIM, ECIIM and ECIIIM) in relation to patients who did not. metastasized respectively (ECI, ECU, ECIM).
- Figure 6 shows us three miRNAs whose expression patterns are more sensitive and specific to the metastasis process for tumors classified in clinical stage I. They are: miR-21, miR1914 and miR-553.
- miR-21 the first miRNA described in mammals
- PTEN and Bcl2 tumor suppressors
- Changes in miR-21 expression (overexpression) have been associated with the development of several types of human tumors, including breast cancer (72).
- Figure 7 shows six miRNAs whose expression patterns are more sensitive and specific to the metastasis process for breast cancer patients at this stage. They are: jcv-miR-J1-3p, miR27a, miR183, miR-301a, miR-186 and miR-16.
- miR-183 which is overexpressed in the tumor of most patients with metastatic ECU breast cancer.
- This miRNA presents as main validated targets matrix metalloproteinases and plays an important role in the regulation of tumor suppressors such as EGR1 and PTEN.
- the expression of this miRNA is directly related to breast tumors expressing the Her2 / neu antigen (73).
- Figure 8 shows us twelve miRNAs, whose expression patterns are more sensitive and specific to the metastasis process for tumors classified in clinical stage III. They are: miR-30b, miR-107, miR-93, miR-106b, miR-16, miR15b, miR-140-3p, miR-513b, miR-512-5p, ebv-miR-BART 12, miR- 590-3p and miR-559.
- MiR-15b and miR-16 belong to a cluster of miRNAs that appear to exert tumor suppressor function, negatively regulating the expression of transcription factor E2F, which is a key molecule in both proliferation and death induction. cell phone (74).
- qPCR quantitative real-time PCR
- miR-183 expression was confirmed only in stage II samples by Real-Time PCR, we initially decided to evaluate whether there was correlation of miR-183 expression with the clinical data of patients at this stage.
- Our results showed that miR-183 overexpression has an area under the curve of 0.769, ie this miRNA seems to be a good marker with high specificity and sensitivity for the metastasis process in patients with breast cancer in clinical stage II ( Figure 10).
- this miRNA as a biomarker for the metastasis process in breast tumors of patients in clinical stage II
- the values resulting from this logistic regression were submitted to ROC curve analysis to determine the cutoff point, which characterizes the value predicted by the regression for the up or down expression of these miRNAs in each patient.
- Table 10 shows that overexpression of miRNAs miR-21, miR-183 and miR-494 was associated with a worse prognosis presenting a relative risk for the development of metastasis with statistical significance (p ⁇ 0.05) and confidence interval of 95%, regardless of the clinical and pathological variables evaluated.
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WO2023170659A1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones Cientificas Y Tecnicas (Conicet) | Breast cancer diagnostic and treatment |
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WO2007016548A2 (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2007-02-08 | The Ohio State University Research Foundation | Micro-rna-based methods and compositions for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of breast cancer |
EP2280078A1 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2011-02-02 | Kuroda, Masahiko | Marker for determination of breast cancer, test method, and test kit |
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EP2280078A1 (en) * | 2008-03-27 | 2011-02-02 | Kuroda, Masahiko | Marker for determination of breast cancer, test method, and test kit |
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CN110184351A (zh) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-30 | 南通普惠精准医疗科技有限公司 | 检测试剂盒的应用 |
WO2023170659A1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones Cientificas Y Tecnicas (Conicet) | Breast cancer diagnostic and treatment |
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