WO2015030620A1 - Способ получения микродисперсного органического удобрения из торфа - Google Patents
Способ получения микродисперсного органического удобрения из торфа Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015030620A1 WO2015030620A1 PCT/RU2013/000742 RU2013000742W WO2015030620A1 WO 2015030620 A1 WO2015030620 A1 WO 2015030620A1 RU 2013000742 W RU2013000742 W RU 2013000742W WO 2015030620 A1 WO2015030620 A1 WO 2015030620A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- peat
- alkali
- grinding
- particle size
- suspension
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
Definitions
- the invention can be used in agriculture to improve the structure and composition of the soil, increase the yield of vegetables, grain crops and perennial grasses and relates to the technology of peat processing in order to obtain microdispersed organic fertilizer from peat (MOUT).
- humic acids The main carriers of biological activity in peat are humic acids.
- Humic acids a complex mixture of high molecular weight natural organic compounds formed during the decomposition of dead plants and their subsequent so-called.
- humification biochemical conversion of decomposition products of organic residues into humus with the participation of microorganisms, water and oxygen). When dry, it is a non-melting amorphous dark brown powdery product, insoluble in water.
- Humic acids are part of the organic mass of peat, coals, some soils, and lignosulfonate (a by-product of wood processing) from where they are extracted by treatment with weak aqueous solutions of alkalis.
- a known method of producing an organomineral humic product including grinding a humate-containing substance (peat, brown coal, sapropel or other organic substances), treating it with an alkaline agent (an aqueous solution of KOH and / or NaOH, and / or NHUOH, and / or soda), followed by isolation suspended liquid or porridge-like medium, treatment of the obtained fraction with nitrogen-containing salts and evaporation of excess moisture (RF patent N ° 2007376, publ. 02.15.94).
- the disadvantages include, first of all, the multi-stage process and too high energy costs associated with the allocation of the humic fraction by the process of evaporation of the final product, as a result of which the final product loses many valuable natural components of peat.
- a known method of producing water-soluble humic acids by processing pre-ground peat with an aqueous solution of mixtures of potassium hydroxide or sodium and potassium carbonate or sodium.
- the concentration of hydroxides is maintained at 0.5-4.0% in May, and the concentration of carbonates is 3.0-8.0% in May.
- the remainder of the peat is separated by filtration, and the filtrate is treated with acid to a pH of 2-4.
- the resulting pulp is centrifuged, and the thickened product is treated with potassium hydroxide to a pH of 7-8 (RF patent JST221 18632, publ. 09/10/98).
- the disadvantage of this method is the multi-stage process, the considerable duration of the process, and the fact that, as a result of filtering, the composition of the final product does not contain valuable natural components of peat, such as water-insoluble humine, hematomelanic acids (according to GOST 27593-88 (2005), and also microparticles of cellulose and lignin, which perform the functions of soil structuring.
- peat such as water-insoluble humine, hematomelanic acids (according to GOST 27593-88 (2005), and also microparticles of cellulose and lignin, which perform the functions of soil structuring.
- a known method of producing water-soluble humic acids from peat including exposure to peat with potassium or sodium hydroxide concentration of 2.0-4.0 wt.%, Separation of the liquid phase, treatment with acid followed by separation of the centrifugal forces in the field and separation of the heavy phase, treatment of the obtained heavy phase with alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide to obtain the finished product, by grinding in a mill mill with a solution of potassium or sodium hydroxide to obtain particles of size 5-250 microns in an amount of not less than 90 wt.%.
- the disadvantages of this method are: the need for preliminary grinding of raw materials up to 1-10 mm; multi-stage process: abrasion in millstones - precipitation of the intermediate and its separation from the liquid part in the decanter - re-grinding; a significant dispersion of particles in the fractional composition from 5 to 250 ⁇ m, moreover, the fractional composition of particles of 100 ⁇ m and more than 250 ⁇ m contains more than 35%, which makes it impossible and inefficient to use fertilizer for spraying and drip irrigation due to the different mechanism of interaction of the reagent and raw materials, how, on large particles, alkaline treatment occurs mainly on their surface, leaving a significant portion of the raw material unchanged; large losses (waste) of raw materials: the solid part is not part of the final product, which leads to the loss of valuable natural components of peat.
- the closest is a method for producing an organomineral humic product (RF patent N ° 2209230, publ. 07.27.2003), including preliminary grinding of peat to a particle size of 4 mm, mechanochemical hydrolysis by grinding peat to a particle size of not more than 5 microns in aqueous, aqueous-alkaline, or an aqueous-acidic or aqueous-ammonia medium with a total hydraulic module of 1: 3 at a temperature of at least 90 ° C by means of a super-cavitation pump until a dispersed colloidal system is obtained, and subsequent homogenization of the resulting product for at least 24 hours
- the disadvantages of this method include: multi-stage method: pre-grinding - processing the dispersion in the reactor with the circulation of the reaction mass using a super-cavitation pump - homogenization in a vibro-settler; the use of a super cavitation pump as a grinder, which determines the need for a preliminary stage — crushing of the feedstock in the dispersant to particle sizes that allow them to enter the pump’s working body (up to 4 mm).
- the process temperature should not be lower than 90 ° C, and at such temperatures many substances lose their biological activity.
- the problems to which the invention is directed are to create a method for producing microdispersed fertilizer from peat with a maximally simplified production technology, with a reduced process time, and thereby reduce the cost of the final product, as well as to create a microdispersed organic fertilizer from peat suitable for use by spraying and drip irrigation, in which all substances of the original natural raw materials are stored.
- EFFECT creation of a method for producing microdispersed organic fertilizer from peat, providing waste-free, i.e. preservation of all valuable substances of natural raw materials; simplification of technology by conducting the process in one technological tank - the reactor; shortening the duration, and, as a result, reducing the cost of the final product; obtaining the final product with an average particle size of 10-30 microns, which allows the use of fertilizer for spraying and drip irrigation, while the yield of the product with a particle size of 10-30 microns is at least 90%.
- the feedstock does not require preliminary grinding, and any commercial peat fractions, as well as lump peat, can be used.
- the whole process from loading to receiving the finished product is carried out in one technological tank, in one stage, without circulation of the reaction mass between the reactor and the grinding device.
- Optimally selected technological equipment namely, at the beginning of the process, a disk mill, and subsequently the joint use of a disk mill and a submersible bead mill, provide a finished product with an average dispersion of 10-30 microns, while the fraction with a maximum particle size of 80-100 microns is not more 0.2%, which is especially effective when spraying and drip irrigation of plants for better absorption of all nutrients of the fertilizer by plants.
- final grinding is carried out by a submersible bead mill with a working mill.
- Processing the suspension with alkali is carried out simultaneously with grinding.
- the dispersion composition of the finished product (quantitative particle size distribution): a maximum in the range of 10-30 microns - at least 90%, the largest particle size of 80-100 microns - no more than 0.2%. This parameter may vary depending on the area of further application of the batch of MOWT.
- the dispersed composition is controlled by any method that allows you to determine the particle size distribution in the range of 1 - 1000 microns (for example, by a laser particle counter).
- Alkali - potassium or sodium hydroxide in dry form or in the form of a solution.
- surfactants Surface-active nonionic substances (surfactants) - dispersants, emulsifiers and stabilizers.
- the method is as follows: determine the moisture content of the original peat (moisture meter for peat or according to GOST 11305-83) and determine the mass content of dry matter per unit mass of raw material. Weigh out the required amount of alkali.
- Option 1 The alkali is dissolved in a separate tank in a certain part of the total volume of water intended for the production of a given batch of MOWT product, and added to the technological tank.
- the alkali in dry form is added to a peat suspension previously ground in an aqueous solution.
- water or an alkali solution is poured into the reactor with a water jacket and surfactants are added. substances (surfactants).
- a rotating disk cutter is lowered into the tank.
- the source peat is loaded into the technological tank with a working disk mill. When the disk mill rotates, peat is crushed to an average particle size of about 80-120 microns, which are determined by a grinder. In the grinding process, an alkali solution is gradually added or the alkali is dosed dry.
- the predetermined temperature of the method is provided by supplying a coolant to the tank jacket (reactor). After reaching a particle size of 80-120 microns with a rotating mill on one shaft, a working submersible bead mill is lowered into the tank and the process is continued until the desired dispersion composition is obtained.
- N ° l with a volume of 1 cubic meter a meter equipped with a jacket is poured into 240 liters of water and 4 kg of Orotan surfactant and 4 kg of Neonol surfactant are added.
- the temperature of the coolant in the jacket is maintained at 50 ° C.
- a rotating disk mill is lowered into the tank and 320 kg of peat with a humidity of 50% mass are gradually loaded.
- Ns2 tank a solution of 80 kg of potassium hydroxide in 400 liters of water is prepared and this solution is poured into a tank of ⁇ ° 1 with the mill operating.
- the control of the average particle size is carried out by sampling and measurement on a grinder.
- a submersible bead mill Upon reaching an average particle size of 80 - 120 microns, a submersible bead mill is lowered into the tank with the milling cutter operating and the process is carried out until the end of the cycle, i.e. to achieve a dispersed composition of 10-30 microns.
- Example 2 Upon reaching an average particle size of 80 - 120 microns, a submersible bead mill is lowered into the tank with the milling cutter operating and the process is carried out until the end of the cycle, i.e. to achieve a dispersed composition of 10-30 microns.
- a meter equipped with a jacket is poured 240 liters of water and add 0.016 kg of Orotan surfactant and 0.016 kg of Neonol surfactant.
- the temperature of the coolant in the jacket is maintained at 20 ° C.
- a rotating disk mill is lowered into the tank and 400 kg of peat with a moisture content of 20% of the mass are gradually loaded.
- 0.32 kg of potassium hydroxide is gradually poured into the tank.
- the control of the average particle size is carried out by sampling and measurement on a grinder. Upon reaching an average particle size of 80-120 microns, a submersible bead mill is lowered into the tank while the mill is operating and the process is carried out until the end of the cycle.
- the control of the average particle size is carried out by sampling and measurement on a grinder. Upon reaching an average particle size of 80-120 microns, a submersible bead mill is lowered into the tank while the mill is operating and the process is carried out until the end of the cycle.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU2013/000742 WO2015030620A1 (ru) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Способ получения микродисперсного органического удобрения из торфа |
RU2015120253/13A RU2600700C1 (ru) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Способ получения микродисперсного органического удобрения из торфа |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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PCT/RU2013/000742 WO2015030620A1 (ru) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Способ получения микродисперсного органического удобрения из торфа |
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WO2015030620A1 true WO2015030620A1 (ru) | 2015-03-05 |
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PCT/RU2013/000742 WO2015030620A1 (ru) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Способ получения микродисперсного органического удобрения из торфа |
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RU (1) | RU2600700C1 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2015030620A1 (ru) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU431140A1 (ru) * | 1971-07-20 | 1974-06-05 | Институт химии Узбекской ССР | Способ получения двойного гранулированногосуперфосфата |
RU2209230C2 (ru) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-07-27 | Телицин Иван Игоревич | Способ получения органоминерального гуминового продукта |
RU2310634C1 (ru) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-11-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Акрон" | Композиция для кондиционирования минеральных удобрений и способ кондиционирования |
RU71116U1 (ru) * | 2007-07-06 | 2008-02-27 | ФГОУ ВПО "Мичуринский государственный аграрный университет" | Установка для компостирования |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2114806C1 (ru) * | 1993-01-21 | 1998-07-10 | Промышленно-коммерческое акционерное общество "Эколоджи" | Торфяное удобрение и способ его получения |
US8641797B2 (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2014-02-04 | Black Dirt Organics Patent Management | Method for producing fulvic acid |
RU2469994C1 (ru) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-12-20 | Владимир Ильич Кормилицын | Гранулированное удобрение на основе торфа |
-
2013
- 2013-08-27 WO PCT/RU2013/000742 patent/WO2015030620A1/ru active Application Filing
- 2013-08-27 RU RU2015120253/13A patent/RU2600700C1/ru active IP Right Revival
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU431140A1 (ru) * | 1971-07-20 | 1974-06-05 | Институт химии Узбекской ССР | Способ получения двойного гранулированногосуперфосфата |
RU2209230C2 (ru) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-07-27 | Телицин Иван Игоревич | Способ получения органоминерального гуминового продукта |
RU2310634C1 (ru) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-11-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Акрон" | Композиция для кондиционирования минеральных удобрений и способ кондиционирования |
RU71116U1 (ru) * | 2007-07-06 | 2008-02-27 | ФГОУ ВПО "Мичуринский государственный аграрный университет" | Установка для компостирования |
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RU2600700C1 (ru) | 2016-10-27 |
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