WO2015027361A1 - 数控矫圆机的矫圆工艺 - Google Patents

数控矫圆机的矫圆工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015027361A1
WO2015027361A1 PCT/CN2013/001075 CN2013001075W WO2015027361A1 WO 2015027361 A1 WO2015027361 A1 WO 2015027361A1 CN 2013001075 W CN2013001075 W CN 2013001075W WO 2015027361 A1 WO2015027361 A1 WO 2015027361A1
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Prior art keywords
upper roller
rounding
workpiece
roller
plc controller
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PCT/CN2013/001075
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵非平
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南通超力卷板机制造有限公司
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Application filed by 南通超力卷板机制造有限公司 filed Critical 南通超力卷板机制造有限公司
Priority to AU2013399019A priority Critical patent/AU2013399019A1/en
Publication of WO2015027361A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015027361A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/14Recontouring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of rounding of a coiling machine, in particular to a rounding process of a numerically controlled rounding machine.
  • the rounding machine is generally composed of two lower rolls of equal diameter and parallel to each other and an upper roll which is movable between the lower rolls and parallel to the lower rolls, and is driven by the upper roll and the lower rolls.
  • the rounding of the non-positive cylindrical workpiece is achieved.
  • the distance between the upper roller and the center line of the two lower rollers is adjusted, and the upper roller is pressed down to adapt to the rounding of the cylinder workpieces of various specifications.
  • the parameter data and process methods of the upper and lower roller movements are determined only by the experience of the technician. For different diameters, different materials, different cylinder wall thicknesses and different roundness requirements, the traditional three-roll bending machine and process method are used for rounding, which cannot guarantee product quality requirements, production efficiency requirements and automated assembly requirements. .
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a rounding process for a numerically controlled rounding machine, in which a high-precision sensor is mounted on the numerically controlled rounding machine for accurately measuring the position of the upper roller of the rounding machine, and the sensor is connected to the PLC controller.
  • the upper roller lifting and lowering mechanism can adopt the ball screw pair. If hydraulic transmission is adopted, the system should have automatic leveling function; the PLC controller built-in program to calculate each rounding parameter, feedback In the running state, each process action command is transmitted, and the numerical control method is adopted to perform high-precision rounding of the cylindrical workpiece. It is easy to operate.
  • the program can accurately calculate and control the various steps of the rounding machine in real time. Thereby ensuring accurate rounding, improving work efficiency, reducing labor intensity, improving product qualification rate, and reducing cost.
  • the rounding process steps of the numerical control rounding machine are as follows - First: The total rolling amount of the upper roller is set and divided into n intervals, each interval is called Rounding passes, n passes in n intervals;
  • the amount of depression for each pass is set to X.
  • the X can be set to equal value as needed, or it can be unequal. If the value is not equal, the amount of depression X in each interval is set separately.
  • Each pass sets the number of times the lower roller drives forward and reverse, and the lower roller rotates forward and reverse once for one cycle, which is beneficial to the rounding forming, eliminating the deformation stress and improving the correction accuracy; "When, it means that the lower roller is driven to rotate in one direction. During the rounding process, the number of cycles of the last pass should be greater than 1;
  • the PLC controller commands the non-positive cylindrical workpiece according to the n-pass, the X-pressing amount and the cycle number of the lower roller drive, and the upper roller pressing and the lower roller driving rotation;
  • the pass n can be set to 1, that is, the upper roll is pressed or the upper roll is raised to steplessly progressive. And at a constant speed, the correction of the workpiece is performed;
  • the PLC controller instructs the variable frequency motor to accelerate, and drives the upper roller to rise rapidly to the upper position of the upper roller/z. Position, open the inside of the rounding machine
  • the overturning device which exits the cylindrical workpiece, realizes high-precision NC automatic rounding of non-positive cylindrical workpieces.
  • the built-in program of the PLC controller will calculate the relevant data of each action command according to the known parameters, so as to finally determine the maximum reduction of the correction, and realize the scientific and reasonable correction of the cylindrical workpiece. circle.
  • the PLC controller's built-in program calculates the relevant data calculation methods as follows:
  • the correction maximum reduction is the value of the reduction of the upper roll from the upper position of the upper position, the deformation of the cylinder, and the curvature after the rebound is equal to the reduction of the curvature of the perfect circle. Correcting the maximum reduction is a very important and critical value. If the value is too small, the correction will not be in place. If the value is too large, it will be overcorrected. Both cases will affect the accuracy of the rounding.
  • the invention adopts a PLC controller, and the built-in program of the PLC controller calculates each rounding parameter, feeds back the running state, and transmits each process action command to achieve high-precision rounding of the cylindrical workpiece by the numerical control mode. It has easy operation.
  • the program can accurately calculate the correction amount in real time, generate relevant data, and control the various steps of the rounding machine to ensure accurate rounding. , improve work efficiency, reduce labor intensity, improve product qualification rate, and reduce the cost of production.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the rounding principle of the present invention
  • the amount of depression for each pass is set to x.
  • the X can be set to equal value as needed, or it can be unequal. If the value is not equal, the amount of depression X in each interval is set separately.
  • Each pass sets the number of times the lower roller 2 drives the forward rotation and the reverse rotation, and the lower roller 2 rotates forward and reverse once for one cycle, which is beneficial to the rounding forming, eliminates the deformation stress, and improves the correction accuracy;
  • "Space” means that the lower roller 2 is driven to rotate in one direction.
  • the number of cycles of the last pass should be greater than 1;
  • the PLC controller corrects the non-positive cylindrical workpiece 3 according to the n-pass, the X-pressing amount and the number of cycles of the lower roller 2 driving.
  • the upper roller 1 is pressed down and the lower roller 2 is driven to rotate;
  • the PLC controller issues a program transmission command, the upper roller 1 is no longer pressed, and the upper roller 1 will be set to the original n times. In the opposite direction, the rounding is performed while the applied pressure is unloaded.
  • the pass n can be set to 1, that is, the upper roller 1 is pressed down or the upper roller 1 rises to stepless gradual and uniform speed, and the correction of the cylindrical workpiece 3 is carried out; seventh: after the upper roller rises to the non-correction interval, the PLC controller instructs the variable frequency motor to accelerate, and drives the upper roller to rise rapidly to the upper position of the upper roller. Position, open the overturning device in the rounding machine, exit the cylindrical workpiece, and realize the high-precision NC automatic rounding of the non-positive cylindrical workpiece.
  • the built-in program of the PLC controller will calculate the relevant data of each action command according to the known parameters, so as to finally determine the maximum reduction of the correction, and realize the scientific and reasonable correction of the cylindrical workpiece. circle.
  • the PLC controller's built-in program calculates the relevant data calculation methods as follows: (b), known parameter settings:
  • the correction maximum reduction refers to the value of the reduction of the upper roller from the upper position, the deformation of the cylinder, and the curvature after rebound is equal to the reduction of the curvature of the perfect circle. Correcting the maximum reduction is a very important and critical value. If the value is too small, the correction will not be in place. If the value is too large, it will be overcorrected. Both cases will affect the accuracy of the rounding.
  • the invention provides a high-precision sensor on the rounding machine, the sensor is connected with a PLC controller, and the high-precision sensor is used to accurately measure the position of the upper roller of the rounding machine, and the measured data is transmitted to the PLC controller in real time.
  • the upper roller lifting and lowering mechanism set on the rounding machine can adopt the ball screw. If hydraulic transmission is adopted, the system should have the automatic leveling function; then it is built in by the PLC controller.
  • the program calculates the rounding parameters through the above calculation method, feedbacks the running state, transmits each process action command, and achieves high-precision rounding of the cylindrical workpiece by the numerical control method.
  • the invention adopts a PLC controller, and the built-in program of the PLC controller calculates each The rounding parameters, the feedback operating state, and the transmission of each process action command, achieve high-precision rounding of the cylindrical workpiece by the numerical control method. It has easy operation.
  • the program can accurately calculate the correction amount in real time, generate relevant data, and control the various steps of the rounding machine to ensure accurate rounding. , improve work efficiency, reduce labor intensity, improve product qualification rate, and reduce the cost of production.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

一种数控矫圆机的矫圆工艺,在数控矫圆机上安装一个传感器,传感器与PLC控制器相连接。由PLC控制器内置程序来计算各矫圆参数,反馈运行状态,传输各工艺动作指令,以数控方式进行筒体工件(3)的矫圆。该工艺操作简便,能实时计算矫正量,生成相关数据,控制矫圆机的各个动作步骤,保证矫圆精确,提高工作效率以及产品合格率。

Description

数控矫圆机的矫圆工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及卷板机的矫圆技术领域, 具体涉及数控矫圆机的矫圆 工艺。
矫圆机一般是由两个直径相等且相互平行的下辊与一个位于两 下辊之间且与下辊平行的可上下移动的上辊所构成,通过上辊下压和 两下辊转动来实现对非正圆筒体工件的矫圆。在操作控制上、下辊对 非正圆筒体工件进行矫圆时, 通过调整上辊与两下辊中心线的距离, 上辊下压, 适应各种不同规格筒体工件的矫圆。 其上、 下辊动作的有 关参数数据、 工艺方法等, 仅仅是凭技术人员的经验来确定。 针对不 同直径、 不同材料、 不同筒体壁厚和不同圆度要求等情况, 利用传统 的三辊卷板机和工艺方法来进行矫圆, 已不能保证产品质量要求,生 产效率要求和自动化装配要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种数控矫圆机的矫圆工艺,在数控矫圆机 上安装一个高精度传感器, 用以精确测量矫圆机的上辊的位置, 传感 器与 PLC控制器相连接。为达到上辊上下移动的高精密控制, 上辊升 降传动机构可采用滚珠丝杆副, 如采用液压传动, 系统应具备自动调 平功能; 由 PLC控制器内置程序来计算各矫圆参数, 反馈运行状态, 传输各工艺动作指令, 达到数控方式进行筒体工件的高精度矫圆。它 具有操作简便, 通过输入筒体工件数据、数控矫圆机基本参数和材料 基本性能参数, 程序能够实时精确计算并控制矫圆机各个动作步骤, 从而保证矫圆精确, 提高了工作效率, 降低劳动强度, 提高产品的合 格率, 降低了生成本。
为了解决背景技术所存在的问题, 本发明是采用以下技术方案: 数控矫圆机矫圆工艺步骤如下- 第一: 将上辊总下压量设置并分为 n个区间, 每个区间称为矫圆 的道次, n个区间则有 n个道次;
第二:每个道次的下压量设为 X,该 X根据需要可以设定为等值, 也可以不等值, 不等值时各区间下压量 X则分别设定;
第三: 每个道次设置下辊驱动正转与反转的次数, 下辊正转与反 转一次为一个周期, 这样有利于矫圆成形, 消除形变应力, 提高矫正 精度; 周期为 "空格 "时, 表示下辊驱动时单向转动, 在矫圆过程中, 最后一个道次的周期数应大于 1 ;
第四: PLC控制器按 n个道次、 X下压量和下辊驱动的周期数程 序指令, 上辊下压和下辊驱动旋转对非正圆筒体工件进行矫正;
第五: 当上辊下压矫正达到 "矫正最大压下量" 时, PLC控制器 发出程序传输指令, 上辊不再下压, 上辊将按原来设定好的 n个道次 反向上升, 上升中在矫圆的同时并对施加的压力进行卸载;
第六: 矫圆机上辊升降速度相对较慢、板材厚度相对较薄和矫圆 精度要求不高等情况下, 道次 n可设定为 1, 即上辊下压或上辊上升 为无级渐进且匀速, 实施对工件的矫正;
第七: 当上辊上升到非矫正区间后, PLC控制器指令变频电机加 速运转, 驱动上辊快速上升到上辊上位始点/ z。位置, 打开矫圆机内的 翻倒装置, 退出矫圆筒体工件, 实现了对非正圆筒体工件高精度数控 全自动矫圆。
为有效实现矫圆机数控、 智能自动化, PLC控制器内置程序会根 据已知参数, 运算出各动作指令的相关数据, 从而最终确定矫正最大 压下量, 实现对筒体工件科学合理最佳矫圆。
PLC控制器的内置程序计算各相关数据计算方法如下:
(一) 、 已知参数设定:
( 1 ) 矫圆机基本参数: 上辊直径 ^, 下辊直径 D2,两下辊中心距 a, 上辊上位始点 h0 ;
(2) 矫正筒体工件基本参数: 板厚 t, 筒体内径 D (半径 R)。
(3 ) 板材性能基本参数: 板材屈服强度 , 材料硬化系数 K。, 以及 材料弹性模量 Ε等;
(二)、由 PLC控制器内置的运行程序来确定上辊下压各状态矫正 工作行程:
以两下辊中心连线为基准线, 以上辊轴心为基准点, 在两下辊 与上辊, 三辊与工件相切状态下:
( 1 ) 理论正圆工件状态下, 工件圆心到两下辊基准线的距离为 H:
Figure imgf000005_0001
(2 ) 理论正圆工件状态下, 上辊轴心到两下辊基准线的距离 h: h = H - R + ^- 2
(3)最大压下量状态下, 虚拟工件圆心到两下辊基准线的距离为 ;
Figure imgf000005_0002
( 4 ) 最大压下量状态下, 上辊轴心到两下辊基准线线的距离 /π : 根据弹塑性力学原理,最大压下量状态 (工件回弹前)下的理论曲 率半径 再按下列公式计算/ π :
Figure imgf000006_0001
(三)、 计算矫正最大压下量 (矫正量) h' :
h'二 — ho
矫正最大压下量是指上辊从上位始点 ^位置下压, 筒体产生形 变, 回弹后的曲率等于正圆曲率时的压下量的数值。矫正最大压下量 是一个很重要且关键的数值, 数值偏小矫正不到位; 数值偏大, 将会 矫正过度, 二种情况均会影响矫圆精度。 本发明采用设置一 PLC控制器,由 PLC控制器内置程序来计算各 矫圆参数, 反馈运行状态, 传输各工艺动作指令, 达到数控方式对筒 体工件的高精度矫圆。 它具有操作简便, 通过输入筒体工件数据、数 控矫圆机基本参数和材料基本性能参数,程序能够实时精确计算矫正 量,生成相关数据,并控制矫圆机各个动作步骤,从而保证矫圆精确, 提高了工作效率, 降低劳动强度, 提高产品的合格率, 同时也降低了 生成本。
附图说明
图 1是本发明矫圆原理示意图;
附图标记如下:
1一上辊; 2—下辊; 3—筒体工件; R-工件半径;
R1--最大压下量时工件内弯区间曲率半径; a—两下辊中心距; t一板厚; D1--上辊直径; D2-下辊直径; H- 理论正圆工件状态下, 工件圆心到两下辊基准线的距离; HI 最大压下量状态下, 虚拟工件圆心到两下辊基准线的距离; h 理论正圆工件状态下, 上辊轴心到两下辊基准线的距离; hi --最大压下量状态下, 上辊轴心到两下辊基准线线的距离; 具体实施方式
参看图 1, 本具体实施方式是采用以下技术方案: 数控矫圆机矫 圆工艺步骤如下:
第一: 将上辊 1总下压量设置并分为 n个区间, 每个区间称为矫 圆的道次, n个区间则有 n个道次;
第二:每个道次的下压量设为 x,该 X根据需要可以设定为等值, 也可以不等值, 不等值时各区间下压量 X则分别设定;
第三: 每个道次设置下辊 2驱动正转与反转的次数, 下辊 2正转 与反转一次为一个周期, 这样有利于矫圆成形, 消除形变应力, 提高 矫正精度; 周期为 "空格 "时, 表示下辊 2驱动时单向转动, 在矫圆 过程中, 最后一个道次的周期数应大于 1 ;
第四: PLC控制器按 n个道次、 X下压量和下辊 2驱动的周期数 程序指令,上辊 1下压和下辊 2驱动旋转对非正圆筒体工件 3进行矫 正;
第五: 当上辊 1下压矫正达到 "矫正最大压下量"时, PLC控制 器发出程序传输指令, 上辊 1不再下压, 上辊 1将按原来设定好的 n 个道次反向上升, 上升中在矫圆的同时并对施加的压力进行卸载; 第六: 矫圆机上辊 1升降速度相对较慢、板材厚度相对较薄和矫 圆精度要求不高等情况下, 道次 n可设定为 1, 即上辊 1下压或上辊 1上升为无级渐进且匀速, 实施对筒体工件 3的矫正; 第七: 当上辊上升到非矫正区间后, PLC控制器指令变频电机加 速运转, 驱动上辊快速上升到上辊上位始点 位置, 打开矫圆机内的 翻倒装置, 退出矫圆筒体工件, 实现了对非正圆筒体工件高精度数控 全自动矫圆。
为有效实现矫圆机数控、 智能自动化, PLC控制器内置程序会根 据已知参数, 运算出各动作指令的相关数据, 从而最终确定矫正最大 压下量, 实现对筒体工件科学合理最佳矫圆。
进一步, PLC控制器的内置程序计算各相关数据计算方法如下: (二) 、 已知参数设定:
(1) 矫圆机基本参数: 上辊直径 D,, 下辊直径 D2,两下辊中心距 a, 上辊上位始点 h0 ;
(2) 矫正筒体工件基本参数: 板厚 t, 筒体内径 D (半径 R)。
(3) 板材性能基本参数: 板材屈服强度 ^, 材料硬化系数 K。, 以及 材料弹性模量 Ε等;
(二)、由 PLC控制器内置的运行程序来确定上辊下压各状态矫正 工作行程:
以两下辊中心连线为基准线, 以上辊轴心为基准点, 在两下辊 与上辊, 三辊与工件相切状态下:
(1) 理论正圆工件状态下, 工件圆心到两下辊基准线的距离为 H:
H=^( +警 + t)2_( )2
(2) 理论正圆工件状态下, 上辊轴心到两下辊基准线的距离 h: h = H - R +
2
(3)最大压下量状态下, 虚拟工件圆心到两下辊基准线的距离为 Hi;
H, = J( ? 1 +警 + t)2— ( )2
(4 ) 最大压下量状态下, 上辊轴心到两下辊基准线线的距离 /π :
根据弹塑性力学原理,最大压下量状态 (工件回弹前)下的理论曲 率半径 R', 再按下列公式计算
h = H - Rx +— =、 (J + ^ + tf - (-)2 +—
2 2 2 2
(三)、 计算矫正最大压下量 (矫正量) h' :
h'二 fn— ho
矫正最大压下量是指上辊从上位始点 位置下压, 筒体产生形 变, 回弹后的曲率等于正圆曲率时的压下量的数值。矫正最大压下量 是一个很重要且关键的数值, 数值偏小矫正不到位; 数值偏大, 将会 矫正过度, 二种情况均会影响矫圆精度。
本发明在矫圆机上设置一高精度传感器,该传感器与一 PLC控制 器相连, 通过该高精度传感器来精确测量矫圆机的上辊的位置, 同时 将测得的数据实时传送给 PLC控制器;为达到对上辊上下移动的高精 密控制, 设置在矫圆机上的上辊升降传动机构可采用滚珠丝杆, 如采 用液压传动, 系统应具备自动调平功能; 然后由 PLC控制器的内置程 序来通过上述的计算方法来计算各矫圆参数, 反馈运行状态, 传输各 工艺动作指令, 达到数控方式进行筒体工件的高精度矫圆。
本发明采用设置一 PLC控制器,由 PLC控制器内置程序来计算各 矫圆参数, 反馈运行状态, 传输各工艺动作指令, 达到数控方式对筒 体工件的高精度矫圆。 它具有操作简便, 通过输入筒体工件数据、数 控矫圆机基本参数和材料基本性能参数,程序能够实时精确计算矫正 量,生成相关数据,并控制矫圆机各个动作步骤,从而保证矫圆精确, 提高了工作效率, 降低劳动强度, 提高产品的合格率, 同时也降低了 生成本。
以上所述仅是本发明的较佳实施方式,故凡依本发明专利申请范 围所述的构造、特征及原理所做的等效变化或修饰, 均包括于本发明 申请范围内。

Claims

权利要求
1、 数控矫圆机的矫圆工艺, 其特征在于: 其矫圆工艺步骤如下: 第一: 将上辊总下压量设置并分为 n个区间, 每个区间称为矫圆 的道次, n个区间则有 n个道次;
第二:每个道次的下压量设为 X,该 X根据需要可以设定为等值, 也可以不等值, 不等值时各区间下压量 X则分别设定; 第三: 每个道次设置下辊驱动正转与反转的次数, 下辊正转与反 转一次为一个周期, 这样有利于矫圆成形, 消除形变应力, 提高矫正 精度; 周期为 "空格 "时, 表示下辊驱动时单向转动, 在矫圆过程中, 最后一个道次的周期数应大于 1 ;
第四: PLC控制器按 n个道次、 X下压量和下辊驱动的周期数程 序指令, 上辊下压和下辊驱动旋转对非正圆筒体工件进行矫正;
第五: 当上辊下压矫正达到矫正最大压下量时, PLC控制器发出 程序传输指令, 上辊不再下压, 上辊将按原来设定好的 n个道次反向 上升, 上升中在矫圆的同时并对施加的压力进行卸载; 第六: 矫圆机上辊升降速度相对较慢、板材厚度相对较薄和矫圆 精度要求不高等情况下, 道次 n可设定为 1, 即上辊下压或上辊上升 为无级渐进且匀速, 实施对工件的矫正;
第七: 当上辊上升到非矫正区间后, PLC控制器指令变频电机加 速运转, 驱动上辊快速上升到上辊上位始点 /。位置, 打开矫圆机内的 翻倒装置, 退出矫圆筒体工件, 实现了对非正圆筒体工件高精度数控 全自动矫圆; PLC控制器内置程序根据已知参数, 运算出各动作指令的相关数 据, 从而最终确定矫正最大压下量, 实现对筒体工件最佳矫圆。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的数控矫圆机的矫圆工艺, 其特征在于: PLC控制器的内置程序计算各相关数据计算方法如下:
(一)、 已知参数设定:
( 1 ) 矫圆机基本参数: 上辊直径 D,, 下辊直径 D2,两下辊中心距 a, 上辊上位始点 h0 ;
(2) 矫正筒体工件基本参数: 板厚 t, 筒体内径 D (半径 R)。
(3 ) 板材性能基本参数: 板材屈服强度 , 材料硬化系数 K。, 以及 材料弹性模量 Ε等;
(二)、由 PLC控制器内置的运行程序来确定上辊下压各状态矫正 工作行程:
以两下辊中心连线为基准线, 以上辊轴心为基准点, 在两下辊 与上辊, 三辊与工件相切状态下:
( 1 )理论正圆工件状态下,工件圆心到两下辊基准线的距离为 H:
2 ' 、2
( 2) 理论正圆工件状态下, 上辊轴心到两下辊基准线的距离 h: h = H - R +—
2
(3)最大压下量状态下,虚拟工件圆心到两下辊基准线的距离为
Figure imgf000012_0001
(4)最大压下量状态下,上辊轴心到两下辊基准线线的距离 : 根据弹塑性力学原理,最大压下量状态(工件回弹前)下的理论曲 率半 R!, 再按下列公式计算 /n:
Figure imgf000013_0001
(三)、 计算矫正最大压下量 (矫正量) h' :
PCT/CN2013/001075 2013-08-26 2013-09-16 数控矫圆机的矫圆工艺 WO2015027361A1 (zh)

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CN116652616A (zh) * 2023-07-31 2023-08-29 冰轮环境技术股份有限公司 一种多功能管材加工装置

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