WO2015025513A1

WO2015025513A1 - Vinyl agricultural house

Info

Publication number: WO2015025513A1
Application number: PCT/JP2014/004226
Authority: WO
Inventors: 中村　新; 昌司石田; 佐吉秦
Original assignee: 株式会社オーガニックｎｉｃｏ; 株式会社玉山工業
Priority date: 2013-08-19
Filing date: 2014-08-19
Publication date: 2015-02-26

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a vinyl agricultural house that has a double film structure and does not require ventilation or high-height work on the roof. [Solution] This vinyl agricultural house is characterized in being configured so that panel members (10), in which an air insulation layer is formed by stretching a transparent film (11) on both surfaces of a rectangular frame (13) that has a given thickness, can be attached to or detached from a vinyl house structural member (20) in units of a panel member (10).

Description

Agricultural greenhouse

The present invention relates to an agricultural vinyl house provided with a dual film covering structure used to enhance heat retention.

Agricultural vinyl greenhouses keep solar heat inside and keep the interior of the greenhouse warm by expanding a transparent vinyl film on a frame made of metal or the like. By keeping the inside of the vinyl house warm, the growth of the crop is promoted or the harvest time is shifted, and the high price trade of the crop is realized. However, in the case of a single film, the heat conduction of the film reduces the temperature inside the vinyl house at night to almost the same as the outside temperature. Therefore, by stretching two films and forming an air layer between the two films, this air layer is used as a heat insulating layer to enhance heat retention. The specific prior art is described below.
As in Patent Document 1, there is a method of installing an air mat between double films.
Moreover, like patent document 2, in order to stretch a double film, there exists a method of providing a film fastening member doubly, stretching a film on each, and forming a heat insulation layer.
Moreover, like patent document 3, there exists a method of forming a heat insulation layer by ventilating with a motor-driven fan between double films.
In addition, as in Patent Document 4, there is a method of expanding a double film having an air layer in a vinyl house having a conventional structure.
Further, as in Non-Patent Document 1, there is a flat type house in which a steel pipe for scaffolding having an outer diameter of 48.6 mm is used as a main structural member.
By the way, heat has three paths: conduction heat, convective heat, and radiant heat. The convective heat can be shut off by sealing the entire vinyl house with a film, and the conductive heat can be shut off by using a double film as in Patent Documents 1 to 3.
There are some which comprise the coating material of a vinyl house by the member which interrupts | blocks near-infrared rays like patent document 5. FIG.
Also, as in Non-Patent Document 2, there is a vinyl house called a sunlight greenhouse. This emphasizes thermal insulation in winter, and by providing futon materials that can be deployed and stored outside the roof surface of the vinyl house, it has an effect of blocking conduction heat and radiant heat at night in the winter to display winter heat. Improve heat retention.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-58355 JP, 2008-5798, A JP 2012-75405 JP, 2006-29608, A Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2006-68964

According to the method of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to form the air mat over the entire film surface, and there is a problem that the cost of the entire covering material is increased. In addition, since the light beam reaches the inside of the vinyl house after passing through the inner vinyl, the upper and lower surfaces of the heat retention air mat, and the outer vinyl and a total of four vinyl films, the light transmittance decreases and the growth of the crop deteriorates. There was also a problem with that.
According to the method of Patent Document 2, the film fastening member needs a thick member, and the cost of the structure member becomes high, and this structure itself can be applied to the door portion, but with other structural members There is a problem that it can not be applied to the roof surface because of the interference of
According to the method of Patent Document 3, it is necessary to always turn the fan, it is necessary to secure the power source, and if the film has holes, the air flow loss will increase, and the air flow loss will increase due to the air flow loss. There is a problem in that it is necessary to increase the cost of equipment and operation.
According to the method of Patent Document 4, since the air thermal insulation layer is as narrow as 100 μm to 3 mm, the conduction heat is easily transmitted, and particularly when used for agricultural vinyl house, the thermal insulation effect is significantly reduced at the portion where the film is in close contact There was a problem.
In addition, in the method of fixing the double film simultaneously to one film fastening member, there is a problem that the worker needs to go up to the roof of the vinyl house and work in high places with high degree of risk and difficulty in order to stretch the film. There is a problem that the construction work of the vinyl house is likely to be delayed due to the weather because the construction period is long and the film expansion work in strong wind or rainy weather is difficult. The fact that the construction period is long has raised the construction cost of workers, and the period during which crops can not be planted is also problematic for agricultural management.
According to the method of Non-Patent Document 1, when the outside air temperature is low, such as in winter, moisture condensed on the film room flows down along the slope of the roof and is blocked by the main pipe in parallel with the ridge existing on the room side of the film. Drops of water drops from the lower end of the purlin pipe, and there is a problem that the crop grown in the vinyl house is easily infected with bacteria.
According to the method of Patent Document 3, although the temperature rise in summer can be suppressed, the temperature rise in the vinyl house is similarly suppressed in winter, so there is a problem that a sufficient temperature in the vinyl house can not be secured in winter. The
According to the method of Non-Patent Document 2, there is a problem that no effect is exerted against the temperature rise in summer.
The problems of the present invention include the problems of various costs in the above-mentioned prior art, the problem that it can not be applied to the roof surface of a vinyl house, the problem that it is necessary to secure a separate power supply, and the problem that the construction period is long. In addition, the problem is that the work is at a high place which is dangerous and susceptible to the weather, and the problem that the moisture condensed on the inside of the film chamber falls as a water drop is solved.
Further, the problem of the present invention is the problem that the heat retaining effect in winter is not sufficiently obtained in the above-mentioned prior art, the problem due to the temperature rise in summer, and the winter in the case of suppressing the temperature rise in summer. It is to solve the problem that the temperature can not be secured.
Here, a portion contributing to photosynthesis among the energy contained in sunlight and a portion that is ultimately converted to heat energy without contributing to photosynthesis will be considered. As shown in FIG. 19, sunlight falling on the surface is widely distributed from an ultraviolet region around a wavelength of 350 nm to a near infrared region around a wavelength of 3000 nm. On the other hand, although the wavelength band contributing to the photosynthesis of plants varies depending on the plants to some extent, it substantially matches the ultraviolet light region from about 350 nm to 750 nm to the visible light region. That is, solar energy in the infrared region of 750 nm or more is a region that is ultimately converted to heat. The problem is to suppress the rise in the temperature inside the vinyl house by not taking in this area in summer and to raise the temperature inside the greenhouse by actively taking in this area in winter.
On the other hand, when the temperature of the object is 25 ° C., the black body radiation due to the temperature possessed by soil in the vinyl house or the structural member of the vinyl house or the crop is mainly distributed from 4000 nm to 12000 nm or more as shown in FIG. The infrared radiation region cools the interior temperature of the greenhouse by radiation cooling by actively releasing the energy of these blackbody radiation to space outside the greenhouse in the summer nighttime, and these blackbodies in the winter nighttime. The challenge is to keep the radiant energy warm without releasing it out of the greenhouse.

Therefore, in the present invention, a transparent film is stretched on both sides of a rectangular frame having a certain thickness, and a panel in which an air layer of about several cm to about 10 cm is secured between these two films is used as the indoor side of a vinyl house. By fixing it to the frame, it is possible to provide an agricultural greenhouse having a double film structure without the need for blowing air and the need for working at heights on the roof. This structure is applicable to any surface whether it is a roof surface or a side surface or a door.
In the present invention, another film which can be expanded and stored on the roof surface is attached separately from the transparent film fixedly expanded on the roof surface, and the optical characteristic of the film is the sun Among the energy contained in the light, it mainly transmits light in the visible light region that contributes to photosynthesis, and blocks far infrared energy due to black body radiation from the surface of soil and frame members in vinyl greenhouses and near infrared rays that do not contribute to photosynthesis It is assumed that it has the following characteristics. And by expanding and storing the film according to the season and day and night, the temperature in the vinyl house in winter can be maintained high, and the temperature in the vinyl house in summer can be maintained low. Do.

By constructing an agricultural vinyl house of double film structure with excellent thermal insulation in a short time without dangerous work at high places, labor cost can be suppressed or the period when the farmland can not be used is shortened, and the vinyl is damaged. There is no need to replace the entire vinyl even in the event of an accident, and because the optical performance or mechanical strength of the vinyl house can be set independently for each panel, a high-performance and expensive film is required only in the necessary parts. By limiting, it is possible to provide a high-performance vinyl house with reduced production cost, and it is possible to reduce energy consumption, increase crop production, and ship at different times.
In addition, since the double film spread panel itself has strength, it is possible to omit the structural material parallel to the ridge of the vinyl house, and when the condensed water inside the vinyl house flows along the roof, Since it is blocked by parallel structural members and does not drop as water droplets in the room, it is possible to reduce the damage caused by diseases and water droplets of the grown crops.
Since the temperature in the vinyl house in summer can be kept low while maintaining the temperature in the vinyl house in winter high, air conditioning by heavy oil or electricity is not necessary at all, or it is sufficient to operate the small air conditioning device for a short time It is possible to provide a high-performance agricultural vinyl house with reduced production costs and running costs, enabling increased crop production and timely shipping.

The figure which applied the agricultural vinyl house double film panel structure according to the embodiment of the present invention to the ceiling part of a flat house The perspective view of the panel member of the ceiling part in FIG. 1 Principal part sectional view of A part in FIG. 1 Principal part sectional view of panel member according to another embodiment of the present invention Principal part sectional view of panel member according to still another embodiment of the present invention Principal part sectional view of panel member according to still another embodiment of the present invention Principal part sectional view of panel member according to still another embodiment of the present invention Agricultural vinyl house according to still another embodiment of the present invention Agricultural vinyl house according to still another embodiment of the present invention The film winding-up apparatus and the perspective view which installed the 1st film and the 2nd film on the roof surface of flat flat type house which is an agricultural vinyl house of other embodiment of the present invention Side view from the end of the same agricultural plastic house Side view of an agricultural vinyl house according to still another embodiment of the present invention Main part side view seen from the wife side of the same plastic greenhouse Side view from the end face of an agricultural vinyl house according to still another embodiment of the present invention A perspective view and a side view of an agricultural vinyl house according to still another embodiment of the present invention The principal part side view of the agricultural vinyl house of other embodiment of this invention A perspective view of an agricultural vinyl house according to still another embodiment of the present invention Side view from the end face of an agricultural vinyl house according to still another embodiment of the present invention Diagram showing the spectrum of sunlight and the spectrum contributing to light synthesis Diagram of the spectrum of black body radiation emitted from an object at a temperature of 25 ° C The figure which shows the panel member used for the agricultural vinyl house of further another embodiment of this invention. Schematic of the same agricultural vinyl house An enlarged view of part A in FIG. 22 The enlarged view of the part B in FIG. An enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. The YY line arrow line view in FIG. 22

FIG. 1 shows a type of plastic house called a flat type house, in which a film is spread flatly on a metal frame. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the panel member, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of a portion A of FIG.

A plurality of panel members 10 are juxtaposed on the roof surface of the vinyl house.
The panel member 10 has a rectangular frame 13 forming an outer frame. Inside the frame 13, a crosspiece 12 as a reinforcing member is provided as needed.
A transparent film 11 is stretched on both sides of the frame 13, and one end 11 a of the film 11 and the other end 11 b of the film 11 are heat-welded on the outside of the frame 13 to form the film 11. It is in close contact with the frame 13.

The heat-welding location B is shown in FIG. A vinyl house structural member 20 for fixing the panel member 10 is provided on the roof surface of the vinyl house, and a plurality of panel members 10 are fixed to the vinyl house structural member 20 by screw members 17 in units of panel members. ing. The screw member 17 is removably attached from the room of the vinyl house. The frame 13 is provided with a nut 16 for fastening the screw member 17. The screw member 17 is inserted from the lower surface of the vinyl house structural member 20, penetrates the lower surface of the frame 13, and is coupled to the nut 16. Between the film 11 stretched on one side of the frame 13 and the film 11 stretched on the other side of the frame 13, an air layer of several cm to several tens cm is formed depending on the thickness of the frame 13. . This air layer can be kept constant throughout the vinyl house, and the heat insulation property of the entire vinyl house is remarkably improved by having high-performance heat insulation. Since light only passes through the film 11 stretched on one side of the frame 13 and the film 11 stretched on the other side of the frame 13, an air mat is installed between the double films. The reduction in light transmittance can be minimized as compared to conventional methods.

In the present embodiment, one end 11 a and the other end 11 b of the film 11 stretched on both sides of the panel member 10 are thermally welded. Since the film 11 is stretched, the film 11 is fixed to the frame 13 because a tension acts on the frame 13. The method of fixing the film 11 to the frame 13 is not limited to this, and two films 11 are disposed on one side and the other side of the frame 13 respectively, and the films 11 are mutually or 13 can also be fixed by heat welding, adhesion, or adhesion.

4 to 9 show another embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same member and description is abbreviate | omitted.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the grooved portion 13A is formed on the outer peripheral end face of the frame 13, and one end 11a and the other end 11b of the film 11 are sandwiched in the grooved portion 13A. It is mechanically fixed using. The grooved portion 13A shown in FIG. 4 has a bottom groove width wider than the inlet groove width.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the grooved portion 13B is formed on the outer peripheral end face of the frame 13, and one end 11a and the other end 11b of the film 11 are sandwiched between the grooved portions 13B. It is fixed mechanically using. The grooved portion 13B shown in FIG. 5 has the bottom groove width and the inlet groove width formed to be the same width.
The material of the frame 13 and the crosspieces 12 is not limited to metal or resin. Since the frame 13 and the crosspieces 12 are covered with the film 11, even a material that is vulnerable to water, such as wood or paper, can be used as the panel member 10.

The method of fixing the panel member 10 to the vinyl house structural member 20 is also not limited to the fastening by the screw member 17 described in the above embodiment.
For example, it is possible to use a removable bush 14 as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 or to fix using a spring member 15 as in the embodiment shown in FIG. Further, in these fixing methods, when fixing the panel member 10 to the vinyl house structural member 20 with the bush 14 or the spring member 15, the fixing operation becomes easy if the jig 21 is used so that the panel member 10 does not float.

The case where the panel member 10X which stretched the film 11X which differs in an optical property in FIG. 8 on a part of roof of a vinyl house is shown. The panel member 10X extends a film 11X having a light blocking ratio higher than that of the film 11 of the panel member 10, and is installed on a part of the south surface of the roof of the vinyl house. As described above, it is also effective to use different films 1111X having different optical properties between the south surface and the north surface of the roof of the vinyl house.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, a panel member 10Y having a film 11Y of high strength stretched on the surface (for example, the north surface) exposed to strong winds seasonally, the film 11 of normal strength on the other surface (for example, the south surface) A stretched panel member 10 can also be used.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the roof surface of a type of vinyl house in which a flat film is spread on a metal frame, which is referred to as a flat type house.
A transparent film 11 is fixedly spread on the roof surface. It is preferable that the panel member 10 already demonstrated by FIGS. 1-9 is arrange | positioned by the roof surface of a vinyl house.
The film 11 uses a material having light blocking characteristics with good transmittance in the visible light region, near infrared light region and far infrared light region. Here, the reason why the transmittance in the visible light region is good is to make the photosynthesis of the crops in the vinyl house better, and the reason that the transmittance in the near infrared region is good is the temperature inside the greenhouse in winter In order to take in the near-infrared area | region contained in sunlight in order to keep high, the reason the transmittance | permeability of a far-infrared area | region is favorable is for performing the radiation cooling of summer effectively.

A film take-up device 30, which is generally commercially available for ventilating a vinyl house, is installed on the roof surface of the vinyl house, and the film take-up device 30 transmits a visible light region and has a near infrared region and A second film 32 having the property of blocking the far infrared region is attached. In FIG. 10, the state in the middle of expansion is shown. The state which looked at this state from the vinyl house wife side is shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the second film 32 whose one end is fixed to the top (ridge) of the roof can be wound up and stored by the film winding device 30, or can be spread over the entire roof surface. In addition, as an example of the commercially available film winding-up apparatus 30, New Tokyo kit (manual type) manufactured by Toto Kogyo Co., Ltd. or a DC motor (electric type) for winding manufactured by NI System Co., Ltd. can be used.

As an example of the second film 32 having the property of transmitting the visible light region and blocking the near infrared region and the far infrared region, a polyvinyl chloride having absorption characteristics in the far infrared region is used for the film substrate, It is possible to use one coated with a resin having near infrared region blocking properties as described in JP-A-2002-370319. As another embodiment, it is possible to use, as a film substrate, polyvinyl chloride having absorption characteristics in the far infrared region and laminating and fixing the near infrared blocking member of Patent Document 3 as a film base. In addition, even if the near infrared region blocking member has a structure in which it is kneaded into the film substrate itself, the same effect as that coated on the surface can be obtained.

Here, the movement of the second film 32 will be described. During the winter daytime, the second film 32 is rolled up and stored to capture all the energy contained in sunlight into the vinyl house, and during the winter nighttime, it is developed and black body radiation emitted from soil and crops in the vinyl house Prevents the temperature decrease in the vinyl house due to radiation cooling by blocking the far infrared rays. In the summer daytime, the second film 32 is deployed to prevent the solar energy unnecessary for photosynthesis from entering the vinyl house by expanding the second film 32, and it is emitted from the soil and crops in the vinyl house by winding and storing it in the summer nighttime. It radiates and cools the far infrared radiation from black body radiation to space.

In still another embodiment according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 12, the film winding device 30 is used to spread on the roof surface separately from the film 11 or the panel member 10 stretched in a fixed manner on the roof surface. Attach a third film 33 using a storable material that transmits the visible light region and the far infrared region and blocks the near infrared region, and deploys using a separate film winding device 30 inside the roof surface Attach a fourth film 34 using a storable material that transmits the visible light region and the near infrared region and blocks the far infrared region. FIG. 13 (a) shows a state in which the third film 33 is developed approximately half from the state in FIG. 12, and FIG. 13 (b) shows a state in which the fourth film 34 is substantially expanded from the state in FIG. ing.

As the third film 33 having the property of transmitting the visible light region and blocking the near infrared region, a polyolefin resin having a low absorptivity in the far infrared region is used as the film substrate, and the third film 33 is disclosed in JP-A-2002-370319. It is possible to use one coated with a resin having near infrared region blocking properties as shown in the patent publication, or one obtained by laminating and fixing the near infrared blocking member of Patent Document 3 using a polyolefin resin as the film substrate as well. .
Vinyl chloride can be used as the fourth film 34 that transmits the visible light region and the near infrared region and blocks the far infrared region.

Here, the movement of the third film 33 and the fourth film 34 will be described.
During the winter daytime, as shown in FIG. 13 (a), the third film 33 is wound up and stored, and the fourth film 34 is expanded, whereby the energy contained in sunlight (ultraviolet, visible light, near-infrared light In addition, the fourth film 34 blocks heat radiation from black radiation emitted from the surface of the soil and the surface of the member in the vinyl house and secures heat retention.
At nighttime in winter, as shown in FIG. 13 (b), the third film 33 and the fourth film 34 are developed together to block far-infrared rays from black body radiation emitted from soil and crops in the vinyl house. By preventing the temperature decrease in the vinyl house due to the cooling and increasing the number of films, the heat conduction is also reduced, and the heat retention is further enhanced.
During the summer daytime, as shown in FIG. 13C, the third film 33 is expanded, and the fourth film 34 is wound and stored, whereby only the ultraviolet region and the visible light region of sunlight are taken into the vinyl house Because far-infrared rays from blackbody radiation emitted from the surface of soil and members in the vinyl house are not absorbed by the fixed and stretched film 11 and the third film 33, they have a radiation cooling effect in the daytime but in directions other than the sun It can be put out.
During the summer nighttime, as shown in FIG. 13D, the third film 33 and the fourth film 34 can be wound and stored together to enhance the radiation cooling effect.

The infrared blocking principle has reflection and absorption, but the second film 32, the third film 33, and the fourth film 34 use a coating mainly made of reflection.
When infrared rays are reflected, there is no temperature rise of the film itself, so the effect of suppressing the temperature rise in summer daytime is high, and if it is reflection also about the radiant heat confinement effect of winter nighttime, the temperature of soil and structural members in the vinyl house Because the black body radiation due to is returned to the vinyl house as it is, the heat retention effect is high.
On the other hand, when infrared rays are absorbed, the temperatures of the second film 32, the third film 33, and the fourth film 34 themselves rise. As a result, thermal energy flows into the vinyl house from the second film 32 and the third film 33 outside the roof of the vinyl house due to the conduction heat to some extent. Therefore, the temperature rise suppression effect in summer daytime is slightly reduced compared to reflection. In addition, the temperature of the second film 32 and the third film 33 is almost the same as the outside air temperature, and much higher than near the absolute zero temperature of the space for the radiation heat confinement effect in winter and night Because the temperature is a little lower than the temperature of the soil and components, the heat retention effect at winter also decreases slightly compared to the reflection.
Actually, when it is attempted to manufacture the second film 32, the third film 33, and the fourth film 34, absorption and reflection of infrared rays occur simultaneously, and it is difficult to configure strictly by reflection only, but this embodiment In the above, the main effects of reflection are to obtain higher effects.

As still another embodiment according to the present invention, a film which transmits visible light and blocks infrared light and has a characteristic of shielding ultraviolet light is used as the second film 32 which can be expanded and stored. is there. By blocking the ultraviolet region, it is possible to obtain an alleviation effect of ultraviolet rays on diseases and diseases. Furthermore, by coating a member blocking the ultraviolet region on the outside of the base film, it is possible to prevent the ultraviolet deterioration of the film base and to obtain the effect of prolonging the life. Photosynthesis uses light in the ultraviolet region to some extent, so the photosynthesis ability is slightly reduced, but further effects can be expected in pest damage and film life.

In still another embodiment according to the present invention, a film is used as the third film 33 which transmits a visible light region and a far infrared region, blocks a near infrared region and blocks an ultraviolet region. By blocking the ultraviolet region, it is possible to obtain an alleviation effect of ultraviolet rays on diseases and diseases. Furthermore, by coating a member blocking the ultraviolet region on the outside of the base film, it is possible to prevent the ultraviolet deterioration of the film base and to obtain the effect of prolonging the life. Photosynthesis uses light in the ultraviolet region to some extent, so the photosynthesis ability is slightly reduced, but further effects can be expected in pest damage and film life.

As another embodiment according to the present invention, the second film 32, the third film 33, and the fourth film 34 of the roof surface are automatically controlled. Specifically, it can also be controlled uniquely according to the season and time by the yearly timer, install sensors inside and outside the vinyl house, and perform more appropriate control according to the indoor air temperature and the amount of solar radiation inside and outside You can also. For example, if the wintertime daytime has a solar radiation amount of a certain level or more and the air temperature inside the vinyl house is high, the second film 32, the third film 33, and the fourth film 34 are expanded. When the air temperature is low, the second film 32, the third film 33, and the fourth film 34 on the roof surface are wound and stored. In this case, an electric type is used as the film winding device 30.

As another embodiment according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 14, a second film 32 which can be deployed and stored is installed inside a roof surface of a greenhouse. In the present embodiment, a lining film is installed on a ceiling portion in a vinyl house, and the material of the second film 32 has a characteristic of transmitting the visible light region and blocking the near infrared region and the far infrared region. Use film. In the present embodiment, when the temperature of the second film 32 itself rises, the heat leads to an increase in the temperature in the vinyl house. Therefore, in order to suppress the temperature rise in summer daytime, reflection rather than absorption is taken as the infrared blocking principle. Is by far the best. On the other hand, the function of suppressing the radiation cooling in winter and night is that the heat effectively remains in the vinyl house even if the temperature of the second film 32 itself is increased. You can get the effect. In addition, as a structure of opening and closing of the 2nd film 32, the above-mentioned film winding-up apparatus 30 may be used, and a wire-type lining curtain unfolding apparatus may be used.

Still another embodiment according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b). In this embodiment, the same optical characteristics as those of the second film 32 having the characteristics of transmitting the visible light region and shielding the near infrared region and the far infrared region not only on the roof surface of the vinyl house but also on the side surface of the vinyl house Use the film 36 that you have. In an ordinary vinyl house, a net for insect control and a film take-up device 30 for ensuring ventilation are installed on the side, and when the temperature inside the vinyl house is high, the film is taken up and the net is taken. In this embodiment, the normal winding film itself has a light blocking property, and the film for the ventilation property adjustment is also used. .

Yet another embodiment according to the present invention is shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the film 36 having the same optical characteristics as the second film 32 is applied not only to the roof surface of the vinyl house but also to the side, and the film winding device 30 of the side film 37 which usually spreads to the side of the vinyl house. Separately, a film winding device 30 is separately installed outside the film 36, and the film 36 having the same optical characteristics as the second film 32 is developed. The third film 33 and the fourth film 34 can also be applied to each of the two film winding devices 30 attached to the side.

Yet another embodiment according to the present invention is shown in FIG. The present embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to the roof surface of a semicylindrical vinyl greenhouse called an arch pipe type. As described above, the present invention can be applied regardless of the shape of the flat type or arch pipe type vinyl house main body.

Yet another embodiment according to the present invention is shown in FIG. The present embodiment is applied to the roof surface of a flat house having a fixed panel member 10 to block both heat radiation due to conduction heat and heat radiation due to radiation heat, and the film developed on the roof surface in summer daytime Even when the temperature of 11 increases due to the absorption of infrared light, its conduction heat is less likely to be transmitted into the vinyl house. In addition, the central top portion of the roof surface, that is, the so-called ridge portion has a stepped structure, from which the heat accumulated in the upper part of the inside of the vinyl house can be released outside the vinyl house by natural convection. With these structures, it is possible to maintain the winter vinyl house temperature high and the summer vinyl house temperature low.

Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same member and description is abbreviate | omitted.
21 shows a panel member used in the present embodiment, and FIG. 21 (a) is a plan view, FIG. 21 (b) is a perspective view, and FIG. 21 (c) is XX in FIG. 21 (a). FIG.
As shown in FIG. 21, in the panel member 10, the transparent film 11 is spread on both sides of the frame 13, and one end 11 a of the film 11 and the other end 11 b of the film 11 are the frame 13. The film 11 is brought into close contact with the frame 13 by heat welding on the outside of the frame 11.
One end 11a of the film 11 and the other end 11b of the film 11 extend from the frame 13 to form

film extending pieces

11c, 11d and 11e.
The film extending pieces 11 c are formed along the long sides of the frame 13, and the

film extending pieces

11 d and 11 e are formed along the short sides of the frame 13.
The panel member 10 in the present embodiment has one film 11 folded into two, and one long side of the frame 13 is brought into contact with the folded portion 11 f of the film 11, and one side of the frame 13 and the other side , And the

film extending pieces

11c, 11d and 11e extending from the frame 13 are thermally welded.

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of an agricultural vinyl house according to the present embodiment.
The roof surface of the vinyl house is formed of a first inclined roof surface 41, and a first inclined roof surface 41 and a second inclined roof surface 42 having different inclination angles.
FIG. 22 shows two pairs of roof surfaces formed by the first inclined roof surface 41 and the second inclined roof surface 42 with the first inclined roof surfaces 41 adjacent to each other.
The first inclined roof surface 41 and the second inclined roof surface 42 are formed by providing the panel members 10 side by side.
Between the first ridge 41H and the second ridge 42H by making the height of the first ridge 41H by the first inclined roof 41 different from the height of the second ridge 42H by the second inclined roof 42 A ventilation unit 43 is formed.

The height of the first eaves portion 41L by the first inclined roof surface 41 and the height of the second eaves portion 42L by the second inclined roof surface 42 are the same height. Further, the length W from the first ridge 41H to the first eaves part 41L by the first inclined roof surface 41 and the length W from the second ridge 42H to the second eaves part 42L by the second inclined roof surface 42 Is a length W of one panel member 10.
According to the agricultural vinyl house according to the present embodiment, the height of the first ridge portion 41H and the height of the second ridge portion 42H due to the second inclined roof surface 42 are made different, and the ventilation portion 43 is configured as a ridge structure. Since it is formed, it is possible to discharge the heat accumulated in the upper part of the inside of the vinyl house from the ventilation unit 43 to the outside of the vinyl house by natural convection. Therefore, the vinyl temperature in summer can be maintained low.
Further, according to the agricultural vinyl house according to the present embodiment, the height of the first eaves portion 41L by the first inclined roof surface 41 and the height of the second eaves portion 42L by the second inclined roof surface 42 are the same height, The length W from the first ridge portion 41H to the first eaves portion 41L by the first inclined roof surface 41 and the length W from the second ridge portion 42H to the second eaves portion 42L by the second inclined roof surface 42 are By setting the length W of one panel member 10 to one, a single-sized panel member 10 can be used, and since the panel member 10 is not loaded in the height direction, a short time without work at a high place It can be built on

FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG.
The panel member 10 is placed on the rafter 22. A film fixing member 26 a is provided on the column 25 connecting the truss member 23 and the beam 24. The rafter 22 is placed on the base material pipe 27.
Here, the rafter 22, the truss member 23, the beam 24, the pillar 25, and the film fixing member 26a constitute a vinyl house structural member 20.
The film extension piece 11d of the panel member 10 is fixed to the film fixing member 26a.
Thus, according to the agricultural vinyl house according to the present embodiment, the eaves of the panel member 10 (FIG. 23 by fixing the film extension pieces 11 d to the film fixing member 26 a which is the vinyl house structural member 20) The gap formed below the second eaves portion 42L) can be closed without using a dedicated closing member, and the airtightness in the vinyl house can be secured.

FIG. 24 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG.
The beam 24 is provided with a film fixing member 26b.
Here, the film fixing member 26 b constitutes the vinyl house structural member 20.
The film extension piece 11d of the panel member 10 is fixed to the film fixing member 26b.
Thus, according to the agricultural vinyl house according to the present embodiment, the eaves of the panel member 10 (FIG. 24 by fixing the film extension piece 11 d to the film fixing member 26 b which is the vinyl house structural member 20) A gap formed below the first eaves portion 41L) can be closed without using a dedicated closing member, and sealing in the vinyl house can be secured.

FIG. 25 is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG.
A film fixing member 26 c is provided at the upper end of the rafter 22 forming the second inclined roof surface 42. The pillar 25 is provided with a film fixing member 26d.
Here, the

film fixing members

26 c and 26 d constitute the vinyl house structural member 20.
The film extending piece 11e of the panel member 10 forming the second inclined roof surface 42 is fixed to the film fixing member 26c, and the film extending piece 11e of the panel member 10 forming the first inclined roof surface 41 is the film fixing member 26d It is fixed to
As described above, according to the agricultural vinyl house according to the present embodiment, the ridges 11 of the panel member 10 are fixed by fixing the film extension pieces 11 e to the

film fixing members

26 c and 26 d which are the vinyl house structural members 20. At 25, the gaps formed below the first ridge 41H and the second ridge 42H) can be closed without using a dedicated closing member, and the airtightness in the vinyl house can be secured.

26 (a) is a view taken along the line YY in FIG. 22, FIG. 26 (b) is an enlarged view of a portion D in FIG. 26 (a), and FIG. 26 (c) is an E in FIG. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 26 (b), a film fixing member 26e is provided on the outer end face of the rafter 22 disposed at the end of the vinyl house. The film fixing member 26 e constitutes the vinyl house structural member 20.
The film extending piece 11c of the panel member 10 disposed at the end of the roof surface of the vinyl house is fixed to the film fixing member 26e.
In FIG. 26 (b), an elastic member 28 having a plate shape and low thermal conductivity is sandwiched and fixed between the panel member 10 and the rafter 22.
Further, as shown in FIG. 26C, the film extending piece 11c formed on one panel member 10 is sandwiched and fixed between the other adjacent panel member 10 and the rafter 22. A plate-like elastic body 28 is sandwiched and fixed between the film extending piece 11 c and the rafter 22. The elastic body 28 is also sandwiched and fixed between one panel member 10 and the rafter 22. Thus, waterproofness, airtightness, and heat insulation can be improved by providing the elastic body 28 with low thermal conductivity between the panel member 10 and the rafter 22. That is, it is possible to eliminate the leakage of rain water from between the one panel member 10 and the other panel member 10 into the vinyl house and the movement of air into and out of the vinyl house. Further, the heat from the frame of the panel member 10 can be prevented from being transmitted to the rafter 22 which is the vinyl house structural member 20. By improving the air tightness and heat insulation, it is possible to further improve the heat insulation of summer and the heat insulation of winter.
The elastic body 28 has at least one length W of the panel member 10.
Thus, according to the agricultural vinyl house according to the present embodiment, by fixing the film extension piece 11c to the film fixing member 26e which is the vinyl house structural member 20, the roof surface of the vinyl house can be made lateral. The gap can be closed without using a dedicated closing member, and the airtightness in the vinyl house can be secured.
Further, according to the agricultural vinyl house according to the present embodiment, the gap between the adjacent panel members 10 can be closed without using a dedicated closing member, and the airtightness in the vinyl house can be secured.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an agricultural vinyl house having a double film structure which does not require air blowing and does not need to work at a high place on a roof, and can be applied to vinyl houses other than agricultural ones.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 panel member 11

film

11c, 11d, 11e film extending piece 13 frame 14 bush 15 spring member 16 nut 17 screw member 18 metal spring 19 rubber elastic body 20 vinyl house structural member 21

jig

26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e Film fixing member 30 film take-up device 32 second film 33 third film 34 fourth film 36 film 37 side film 41 first inclined roof surface 41H first ridge portion 41L first eaves portion 42 second inclined roof surface 42H second Building 42L second eaves part 43 ventilation department

Claims

A panel member in which a transparent film is spread on both sides of a rectangular frame having a predetermined thickness to form an air thermal insulation layer can be detached from the vinyl house structural member in the unit of the panel member. For greenhouses.
The agricultural greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the films or the film and the frame are fixed by heat fusion.
The agricultural greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the films or the film and the frame are fixed by adhesion or adhesion.
The grooved portion is formed on the outer peripheral end face of the frame, and the film is sandwiched and fixed to the grooved portion by a metal spring or a rubber elastic body, according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Agricultural vinyl house.
The agricultural vinyl greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the panel member can be fixed to the vinyl greenhouse structural member from the inside of a vinyl greenhouse.
A material having high transmittance in the visible light region, near infrared region and far infrared region is used as the film, and a second film which can be spread and stored on the roof surface is provided separately from the film, and the second film is used The agricultural greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a material which transmits the visible light region and blocks the near infrared region and the far infrared region is used.
A material having high transmittance in the visible light region, near infrared region and far infrared region is used as the film, and the visible light region and the far infrared region are transmitted separately from the film and the near infrared region is A third film using a blocking material, and a fourth film using a material transmitting the visible light region and the near infrared region and blocking the far infrared region, and the third film and the third film The agricultural vinyl house according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the four films are provided on the roof surface so as to be able to be expanded and stored.
7. The agricultural vinyl house according to claim 6, wherein the infrared ray blocking material of the second film mainly comprises a blocking method based on the principle of reflection.
8. The agricultural vinyl house according to claim 7, wherein the infrared ray blocking material of the third film and the fourth film mainly comprises a blocking method based on the principle of reflection.
The agricultural vinyl house according to claim 6 or 8, wherein the second film uses a material which blocks an ultraviolet region in addition to the infrared region.
The agricultural vinyl house according to claim 7 or 9, wherein a material that blocks an ultraviolet region in addition to the near infrared region is used as the third film.
The agricultural vinyl house according to claim 6, 8 or 10, wherein the second film is automatically expanded and stored according to a temperature condition and a condition of sunlight.
12. The agricultural product according to claim 7, wherein the third film and the fourth film are automatically expanded and stored according to a temperature condition and a condition of sunlight. vinyl house.
13. The agricultural vinyl according to claim 6, wherein the second film is used not only on the roof surface but also on the side surface of the agricultural vinyl house. House.
The third film and the fourth film are used not only on the roof surface but also on the side surface of the agricultural vinyl house, according to claim 7, claim 9, claim 11 or claim 13 Agricultural vinyl house listed.
The film is extended from the frame to form a film extension piece, the film extension piece is fixed to a vinyl house structural member, or the film extension piece formed on one of the panel members is adjacent to one another. The agricultural vinyl house according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the agricultural vinyl house is fixed between the other panel member and the vinyl house structural member.
The roof surface is formed of a first inclined roof surface and a second inclined roof surface different in inclination angle from the first inclined roof surface,
The first inclined roof surface and the second inclined roof surface are formed by arranging the panel members,
Ventilation section between the first ridge portion and the second ridge portion by making the height of the first ridge portion by the first inclined roof surface different from the height of the second ridge portion by the second inclined roof surface Form
The height of the first eaves according to the first inclined roof surface and the height of the second eaves according to the second inclined roof surface are the same height,
The length from the first ridge to the first eaves by the first inclined roof and the length from the second ridge to the second eaves from the second inclined roof are one sheet. The agricultural greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the panel member has a length of one piece.
The agricultural vinyl house according to claim 16, wherein a plate-like elastic body is sandwiched between the film extension piece and the vinyl house structural member.