WO2015024310A1 - 船载桁架组合式原位测试平台 - Google Patents

船载桁架组合式原位测试平台 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015024310A1
WO2015024310A1 PCT/CN2013/087102 CN2013087102W WO2015024310A1 WO 2015024310 A1 WO2015024310 A1 WO 2015024310A1 CN 2013087102 W CN2013087102 W CN 2013087102W WO 2015024310 A1 WO2015024310 A1 WO 2015024310A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
truss
platform
situ test
conduit
shoe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/087102
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡建平
钮建定
程泽坤
成利民
蔡洪波
张�成
王年喜
唐忠清
徐威
Original Assignee
中交第三航务工程勘察设计院有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201320517534.2U external-priority patent/CN203440805U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310371266.2A external-priority patent/CN103422486B/zh
Application filed by 中交第三航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 filed Critical 中交第三航务工程勘察设计院有限公司
Priority to EP13892027.7A priority Critical patent/EP2933379B1/en
Publication of WO2015024310A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015024310A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B15/00Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
    • E21B15/02Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for underwater drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/12Underwater drilling
    • E21B7/122Underwater drilling with submersible vertically movable guide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nearshore geotechnical engineering survey operation platform, which can ensure the normal in-situ test project such as hydrostatic penetration test and cross plate shear test, and is specifically a basic platform for field test of water and soil performance. Background technique
  • the in-situ test of rock and soil body refers to the geotechnical investigation site, using the in-situ tester to test the geotechnical field to obtain the geotechnical parameters such as the strength index of the shallow foundation soil, compared with the current traditional drilling, sampling,
  • the indoor test mode is safer, more economical and reliable, and has important significance and wide application value in water transport engineering.
  • Some major water transport projects such as revetments, flood barriers, land formations, etc., especially offshore projects, rely more and more on site in situ testing projects to obtain in-situ consolidation, permeability, modulus, sensitivity, shear strength of foundation soil.
  • the geotechnical parameters are divided, the soil layer is divided, the soil properties are discriminated, and the bearing capacity and design parameters of the foundation soil of the building are determined. Since in-situ testing is fast, intuitive, and continuous, and does not require on-site exploration sampling, the measured indicators are more representative and reliable. Therefore, in-situ testing has become an indispensable exploration tool in engineering surveys.
  • the Chinese utility model patent with the patent number 20042002020.4 discloses a "water in-situ test bottom suction platform".
  • the platform is pre-installed as a whole, and is lifted by a mother ship crane to make the platform erect in the water. , close to the land static platform effect.
  • it is difficult to solve conventional measures such as clear hole cleaning and casing cut-off.
  • the applicant has disclosed a platform system in the Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN101643110A.
  • the invention provides a simple and low-cost ship-borne exploration platform system, which has three rig lifting capacity, 4 ⁇ 6 anchor cross-distribution mooring, is used for underwater geotechnical engineering exploration drilling and sampling, so that under various environmental conditions The exploration work was carried out normally.
  • the ship-borne survey platform is swaying up and down and left and right, making it difficult to carry out the original test project that must be in the static working platform.
  • the technology to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ship-borne truss combined in-situ test platform to form a static working platform that is separated from the dynamic shipborne exploration platform, thereby expanding the mature in-situ testing technology of the land area to the nearshore waters.
  • a shipborne truss combined in-situ test platform comprising the following parts: a truss load-bearing frame, which is formed by connecting a plurality of truss modules in series; the working platform is fixed in the The upper end of the truss load-bearing frame, the work platform is provided with a frame base for installing the in-situ test device; the pile shoe is fixed at the lower end of the truss load-bearing frame, and the bottom of the pile shoe is provided with a shoe tooth; the pipe is arranged in the up and down direction Through the working platform, the truss load-bearing frame and the pile shoe; the centralizing device comprises a plurality of soft ropes, one end of which is connected with the upper end of the truss load-bearing frame or the working platform.
  • a plurality of pulley shafts are vertically fixed on a bottom surface of the work platform, and a pulley is disposed on the pulley shaft, and one end of the flexible cord is connected to the pulley.
  • a pulley ring is disposed on the pulley, and one end of the flexible cord is provided with a quick hook, and the quick hook is hooked on the pulley ring.
  • a shipboard exploration platform is further included, the work platform is higher than a top surface of the shipboard exploration platform, and the shipboard exploration platform is fixed with a plurality of anchor piles, and the other ends of the plurality of soft ropes are respectively wound On the anchor pile.
  • the shipborne exploration platform is provided with exploration equipment including a drilling rig and a rig.
  • the truss module is a rectangular parallelepiped frame structure welded by a beam, a vertical beam, an upper shelf and a lower shelf, and the truss module is further welded with a lifting lug.
  • the vertical beam is a hollow column
  • the lower frame is provided with a positioning hole corresponding to the lower end of the vertical beam
  • the upper frame is welded with a positioning pin at a position corresponding to the upper end of the vertical beam.
  • the conduit is formed by a plurality of conduit segments sealed by a coupling, and the lowermost conduit segment is an in-situ conduit, the inlet conduit is welded to the pile shoe, and the lower end of the inlet conduit is provided with conduit teeth, each A conduit section is welded to the truss module.
  • the truss module and the work platform, the truss module and the pile shoe, and the adjacent two truss modules are detachably connected by bolts.
  • the pile shoe comprises a bearing plate and a rack bar, the shoe rack extending downward from a bottom surface of the bearing plate, the shoe being located at a lower end of the shoe rack.
  • the invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the in-situ test platform of the present invention is erected on one side of the onboard exploration platform and is disengaged from the onboard exploration platform, and can be connected to the onboard exploration platform through a soft rope, and is not subject to shipboard during in situ testing.
  • the impact of the sway of the exploration platform and the dynamic and static double platform operation mode with the shipborne exploration platform have greatly reduced the cost of water exploration.
  • the in-situ test platform of the present invention is provided with a conduit to form a protective layer between the static working platform and the mud surface of the sea (river) bed, thereby avoiding bending of the drill pipe by the impact of the water torrent during the in-situ test, ensuring in-situ testing The accuracy of the data.
  • the in-situ test platform of the invention adopts a modular structure, has low cost, is convenient for storage and transportation, and each module is assembled on site, and the disassembly is simple, and no auxiliary equipment such as boat mooring and floating crane is needed.
  • the invention realizes the sharing of various exploration resources of the dual platform; enables limited static working platform space, and can carry out various in-situ testing projects; ensure that the in-situ testing under normal water depth, test depth and complex working conditions is normal.
  • the truss load-bearing frame and pile shoes in the in-situ test platform of the present invention provide the reaction force and torsion force required for the static penetration test and the cross-plate shear test, and satisfy the complex hole and deep hole in-situ test of various types of strata of the water transport project. demand.
  • the present invention fully demonstrates a novel design scheme for in-situ testing of nearshore waters by a shipborne static platform.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a ship-borne truss combined in-situ test platform according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection between the work platform and the centralizer according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of the truss module of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of the catheter of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pile shoe portion in the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the loading and unloading of the truss load-bearing frame in the present invention.
  • a shipborne truss combined in-situ test platform can be erected on one side of the shipborne exploration platform 100, and the shipborne exploration platform 100 can be provided with exploration equipment such as a drilling rig and a rig, which can be used for Underwater exploration of rock and soil core, sampling.
  • the test platform includes a truss load-bearing frame 400.
  • the truss load-bearing frame 400 is formed by connecting a plurality of truss modules 410 in series.
  • the upper end of the truss load-bearing frame 400 is fixed with a working platform 200 for mounting the in-situ test device 201.
  • the work platform 200 is slightly higher than the top surface of the shipborne exploration platform 100, and a pile shoe 500 is fixed at the lower end of the truss load-bearing frame 400, which can be inserted into the mud surface of the sea (river) bed;
  • the working platform 200, the truss load-bearing frame 400 and the pile shoe 500 are sequentially penetrated in the up-and-down direction, and the drill pipe 210 and the detecting device 220 of the in-situ testing device 201 can be inserted into the rock below the sea (river) bed through the conduit 600 for in situ test.
  • the present invention also provides a centralization device 300 comprising a plurality of soft cords, one end of the cord and the upper end of the truss load-bearing frame 400 or the operation The platforms 200 are connected.
  • the work platform 200 is provided with a frame base 204, and the frame base 204 is connected with the frame connection hole 203 on the work platform 200, so that the in-situ test device 201 is fixed on the work platform 200, and the work platform
  • the perimeter of the 200 can be surrounded by 1 to 4 railings 202 to ensure the safety of the workers.
  • the rack connecting holes 203 are arranged on the working platform for mounting various types of in-situ testing devices, such as a static probe, a cross-plate, etc., and the rack connecting holes 203 are according to the above-mentioned common in-situ testing device.
  • the rack size is designed, and different rack bases 204 correspond to rack connection holes 203 at different positions.
  • the centralization device 300 includes an anchor post 301, a cord 302, a pulley ring 303, a pulley 304, and a pulley shaft 305, which are vertically fixed to the work platform 200, respectively.
  • the bottoms are respectively located in the front, rear, left and right directions, and correspondingly, the four anchor piles 301 are also fixed on the shipborne exploration platform 100 in four directions.
  • the pulley 304 is rotatably mounted on the pulley shaft 305.
  • the pulley 304 is provided with a pulley ring 303.
  • One end of the four flexible cords 302 is provided with a quick hook.
  • the quick hook is hooked on the pulley ring 303, and the other end of the flexible cord 302 is respectively Winding on the anchor pile 301.
  • the cord 302 refers to a cord having a certain flexibility and capable of withstanding tensile force, and may be made of a fibrous material or a metallic material.
  • the truss module 410 has a standard size of uniform size, and each truss module 410 is a rectangular parallelepiped frame structure welded by a beam 407, a vertical beam 405, an upper shelf 402, and a lower shelf 408, on the truss module.
  • a lifting eye 404 is also welded.
  • the vertical beam 405 is a hollow column, and the lower frame 408 is provided with four positioning holes 406 corresponding to the lower end of the vertical beam 405.
  • the upper frame 402 is welded with four positioning pins 403 corresponding to the upper end of the vertical beam 405.
  • the positioning pin 403 When assembled between adjacent truss modules, the positioning pin 403 penetrates into the positioning hole 406 of the other truss module to position and align the adjacent two truss modules, and then passes through the upper frame 402 and the lower frame 408 by bolts 409.
  • the upper connecting hole 401 connects the two adjacent truss modules together.
  • the truss module and the work platform, and the truss module and the pile shoe are also detachably connected by bolts.
  • the conduit is sealed and connected by a plurality of conduit segments 601 through a coupling 602.
  • Each of the truss modules 410 is welded with a conduit segment 601, and the coupling 602 is provided with a groove 604.
  • a sealing ring 603 is disposed in the groove 604 to seal the adjacent two conduit segments 601.
  • the lowermost section of the conduit forming the conduit is the inlet conduit 605, the inlet conduit 605 is welded to the pile shoe 500, and the lower end of the inlet conduit 605 is provided with conduit teeth 606.
  • the conduit section 601 and the inlet conduit 605 are interconnected to form a long conduit 600.
  • the entire conduit 600 extends from the work platform to the mud surface of the sea (water) bed, thereby avoiding the in-situ test drill pipe 210 passing through the conduit 600. Bending due to the impact of the turbulent flow, affecting the test data. For complex terrain, such as sand and gravel, mud clearing walls are required. Due to the tightness of the conduit 600, mud circulation is ensured.
  • the pile shoe 500 includes a bearing plate 501 and a shoe rack 502.
  • the shoe rack 502 extends downward from the bottom surface of the bearing plate 501, and the lower end of the shoe rack 502 is provided with a shoe 503.
  • the bearing plate 501 is used for contacting the mud surface of the sea (river) bed to provide support for the in-situ test platform.
  • the four shoe racks 502 at the bottom of the bearing plate 501 are rectangular, which can provide anti-torsion for the cross-plate shear test. .
  • the truss module connected to the pile shoe 500 can adopt the weighted truss module, and the weighted truss module adopts a thickened upper frame, a lower frame and a beam, which can provide appropriate reaction force for complex soil layer and deep hole in-situ static penetration. .
  • the connection between the pile shoe 500 and the truss module 410 is started, and then the ship is hoisted.
  • the truss module 410 is assembled one by one according to the water depth on one side of the exploration platform 100.
  • the sling 418 hooks the lifting lug 404, hoists a truss module 410, aligns with the positioning pin 403 on the lower truss module 410, and then lowers the bolt 409 through the connecting holes of the upper and lower shelves, and The nut is screwed tightly.
  • a plurality of truss modules 410 that have been connected together are lifted, the supporting movable beam 415 is removed, the truss module 410 is lowered, and then the supporting movable beam 415 is reinserted, and the process is repeated until the in-situ test platform is installed.
  • the in-situ test platform is erected to the sea (river) bed mud surface and must be kept in a vertical state. When tilting occurs, adjustment is required.
  • the in-situ test platform is adjusted by retracting each cord 302 to make it vertical. status.
  • the cord 302 is relaxed, and the other end of the cord 302 is wound around the four anchor piles 301 of the onboard survey platform 100, thereby disengaging the in-situ test platform from the ship.
  • the exploration platform 100 is loaded with static and the entire in situ test platform is in a controlled state.
  • the in-situ test platform should consider the reaction force design, that is, the platform's own weight and buoyancy and wave effects in the water. If necessary, several pieces of weighted truss modules can be added to form the in-situ test platform.
  • the invention adopts modular design, low cost, convenient installation, easy storage and transportation, and can be recycled. According to the depth of the site, the number of truss modules required for the in-situ test platform is determined. Combined installation at the job site can quickly form a truss combined in-situ test platform. Basically, one loading and unloading can be completed, and several in-situ test holes can be completed.
  • the invention forms a dynamic and static double platform operation mode together with the shipborne exploration platform, realizes the sharing of various exploration resources, thereby greatly reducing the exploration cost; ensuring the normal operation of various in-situ tests under different water depths, test depths and complicated working conditions .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

一种船载桁架组合式原位测试平台,包括:桁架承重架(400),由多个桁架模块(410)上下串联而成;作业平台(200),固定在桁架承重架(400)的上端,作业平台(200)上设有用于安装原位测试装置(201)的机架座(204);桩靴(500),固定在桁架承重架(400)的下端,桩靴(500)的底部设有靴齿(503);导管(600),沿上下方向依次贯穿作业平台(200)、桁架承重架(400)和桩靴(500);扶正装置(300),包括多根软绳(302),软绳(302)的一端与桁架承重架(400)的上端或作业平台(200)相连接。

Description

船载桁架组合式原位测试平台
技术领域
本发明涉及一种近岸岩土工程勘察作业平台, 能确保水上静力触探、十字板剪切试验等常 规原位测试项目正常进行, 具体说属于水域岩土性能现场测试基础平台。 背景技术
岩土体原位测试是指在岩土工程勘察现场, 采用原位测试仪对岩土层现场进行测试, 以获 得浅部地基土层强度指标等岩土参数, 比目前传统的钻探、 取样、 室内试验模式更安全、 经 济、 可靠, 在水运工程中具有重要的意义和广泛的应用价值。 一些重大水运工程如驳岸、 防 汛堤、 陆域形成等, 尤其是境外工程, 越来越多的依靠现场原位测试项目获取地基土的原位 固结、 渗透、 模量、 灵敏度、 抗剪强度等岩土参数, 划分土层, 判别土性, 确定建筑物地基 土承载力和设计参数等。 由于原位测试快捷、 直观、 连续, 且无需现场勘探取样, 测得的指 标更具代表性和可靠性, 因此, 原位测试在工程勘察中已成为不可缺少的一种勘探手段。
工程上最常用的原位测试有静力触探试验、 十字板剪切试验等。 目前, 用于陆上的原位测 试技术已非常成熟, 但在海 (水) 上进行原位测试必须要有一个安全、 静态平台, 现有技术 采用桩基、 升降式平台实施原位测试, 受到高昂的成本制约, 使得近岸工程水域原位测试技 术无法广泛的推广与应用。
现有技术中存在着一种解决方案, 专利号为 20042002020.4的中国实用新型专利公开了一 种"水域原位测试底吸式平台",平台整体事先安装好,通过母船起重机吊装,使平台竖立水中, 接近陆域静态平台效果。 但受制于作业水深、 平台空间及载荷影响, 尤其复杂土层清孔、 下 套管隔断等常规措施难以解决。
本申请人在中国发明专利申请公开说明书 CN101643110A已公开了一种平台系统。该发明 提供了一种简易、低成本船载式勘探平台系统, 具有三钻机起吊能力, 4〜6锚交叉分布泊定, 用于水下岩土工程勘探钻探、 取样, 使得各类环境条件下, 勘探工作得以正常进行。 但受风、 浪、 涌、 涨落潮等影响, 船载勘察平台呈上下及左右晃动, 使得必须处于静态作业平台的原 位测试项目难以进行。
随着近海及沿岸水工建筑物、 桥梁、 码头、 隧道等工程规模的不断扩大, 岩土工程勘察中 越来越多的依赖原位测试所提供的岩土参数, 因此, 迫切需要一种低成本、 高安全、 方便安 装、 快速移动, 且能抵御风、 浪、 潮、 涌的作业平台, 保证水上原位测试项目正常进行。 在这种测试平台上可以安装各类陆域中使用的原位测试装置, 以便进行海(水)上原位测 试,现有技术中的这种原位测试装置有多种,比如中国实用新型专利 CN201738295U公开了 "一 种静力触探探头"; 而 CN201622217U公开了一种"深海稀软底质剪切强度原位测试仪"。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术是提供一种船载桁架组合式原位测试平台,形成一个与动态船载勘探 平台脱离的静态作业平台, 从而使陆域成熟的原位测试技术扩展到近岸水域。
为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明采用以下技术方案: 一种船载桁架组合式原位测试平台, 包括以下部分: 桁架承重架, 由多个桁架模块上下串联而成; 作业平台, 固定在所述桁架承 重架的上端, 作业平台上设有用于安装原位测试装置的机架座; 桩靴, 固定在所述桁架承重 架的下端, 桩靴的底部设有靴齿; 导管, 沿上下方向依次贯穿所述作业平台、 桁架承重架和 桩靴; 扶正装置, 包括多根软绳, 软绳的一端与所述桁架承重架的上端或作业平台相连接。
优选地, 所述作业平台的底面上垂直固定多根滑轮轴, 滑轮轴上设有滑轮, 所述软绳的一 端与所述滑轮相连接。
进一步地, 所述滑轮上设有滑轮环, 所述软绳的一端设有快速钩, 所述快速钩挂接在滑轮 环上。
优选地, 还包括一船载勘探平台, 所述作业平台高于船载勘探平台的顶面, 所述船载勘探 平台上固定有多个锚桩, 所述多根软绳的另一端分别缠绕在所述锚桩上。
进一步地, 所述船载勘探平台上设有包括钻机和钻塔在内的勘探设备。
优选地, 所述桁架模块是由横梁、 竖梁、 上架板和下架板焊接而成的长方体框架结构, 所 述桁架模块上还焊接有吊耳。
进一步地, 所述竖梁为空心柱, 所述下架板对应于竖梁下端的位置开有定位孔, 所述上架 板对应于竖梁上端的位置上焊有定位销。
进一步地, 所述导管由多个导管段通过接箍密封连接而成, 最下面的一个导管段为入土导 管, 所述入土导管焊接在桩靴上, 入土导管的下端设有导管齿, 每个桁架模块内都焊接有一 个导管段。
进一步地, 所述桁架模块与作业平台之间、桁架模块与桩靴之间、 以及相邻两个桁架模块 之间均通过螺栓可拆卸连接。
优选地, 所述桩靴包括承压板和靴齿条, 所述靴齿条从承压板的底面向下延伸, 所述靴齿 位于靴齿条的下端。 本发明具有以下有益效果:
( 1 )本发明原位测试平台竖于船载勘探平台单侧, 并与船载勘探平台脱开, 可通过软绳与船 载勘探平台连接, 在进行原位测试时, 也可不受船载勘探平台晃动的影响, 与船载勘探平台 形成动、 静双平台作业方式, 大幅降低了水上勘探的成本。
(2) 本发明原位测试平台内设有导管, 使静态作业平台至海 (河)床泥面间形成保护层, 避 免原位测试时因钻杆受水中激流冲击而弯曲, 确保原位测试数据的准确性。
(3) 本发明原位测试平台采用模块化结构, 成本低, 便于贮存及运输, 且各模块现场组装, 拆卸简便, 无需其他船泊、 浮吊等辅助设备支持。
(4)本发明实现了双平台各类勘探资源共享; 使有限的静态作业平台空间, 可开展各类原位 测试项目; 确保不同水深、 试验深度、 复杂工况下原位测试正常进行。
(5)本发明原位测试平台中桁架承重架及桩靴提供了静力触探、 十字板剪切试验所需的反力 及扭力, 满足水运工程各类地层复杂孔、 深孔原位试验需求。
(6) 本发明充分展现了一种船载静态平台实现近岸水域原位测试的新颖设计方案。 附图说明
图 1为本发明一种船载桁架组合式原位测试平台的整体结构示意图。
图 2为本发明中作业平台与扶正装置的连接示意图。
图 3为本发明中桁架模块的结构分解示意图。
图 4为本发明中导管的结构分解示意图。
图 5为本发明中桩靴部分的结构示意图。
图 6为本发明中桁架承重架装、 卸示意图。
: 100船载勘探移动平台; 200作业平台; 201原位测试装置;
202栏杆; 203机架连接孔; 204机架座;
210钻杆; 220探测装置; 300扶正装置;
301锚桩; 302软绳; 303滑轮环;
304滑轮; 305滑轮轴; 400桁架承重架; 401连接孔; 402上架板; 403定位销;
404吊耳; 405竖梁; 406定位孔;
407横梁; 408下架板; 409螺栓;
410桁架模块; 415活动梁; 418吊绳; 500桩靴 501承压板; 502靴齿条;
503靴齿 600导管; 601导管段;
603密封环; 604凹槽;
605入土导管 606导管齿 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明,本领域技术人员由此可以更清 楚地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
需要说明的是, 说明书附图所绘示的结构、 比例、 大小等, 仅用以配合具体实施方式, 供 本领域技术人员更清楚地了解本发明的构思, 并非用以限制本发明的保护范围。 任何结构的 修饰、 比例关系的改变或大小的调整, 在不影响本发明的功效及目的达成的情况下, 均应仍 落在本发明的保护范围之内。
如图 1所示,本发明一种船载桁架组合式原位测试平台可以竖立于船载勘探平台 100的单 侧, 船载勘探平台 100上可以设有钻机和钻塔等勘探设备, 可用于水下勘探岩土取芯、 取样。 该测试平台包括一桁架承重架 400, 桁架承重架 400由多个桁架模块 410上下串联而成; 在桁 架承重架 400的上端固定一个作业平台 200, 用于安装原位测试装置 201, 可开展各类原位测 试; 作业平台 200略高于船载勘探平台 100的顶面, 在桁架承重架 400的下端固定一个桩靴 500, 可插入海 (河) 床的泥面表层; 一根导管 600沿上下方向依次贯穿上述作业平台 200、 桁架承重架 400和桩靴 500, 原位测试装置 201的钻杆 210和探测装置 220可以通过导管 600 插入海 (河) 床以下的岩土中, 进行原位测试。 为了确保桁架承重架 400和导管 600能够与 海(河)床面垂直, 本发明还设置了扶正装置 300, 扶正装置 300包括多根软绳, 软绳的一端 与桁架承重架 400的上端或作业平台 200相连接。
如图 2所示, 作业平台 200上设有机架座 204, 机架座 204与作业平台 200上的机架连接 孔 203连接, 从而使原位测试装置 201固定在作业平台 200上, 作业平台 200的四周可以围 上 1〜4面栏杆 202, 确保作业人员的安全。 机架连接孔 203分布排列在作业平台上, 用以安 装各种类型的原位测试装置, 如静力触探仪、 十字板仪等, 机架连接孔 203按上述常用原位 测试装置的机架座尺寸设计, 不同的机架座 204对应不同位置的机架连接孔 203。
继续参照图 2, 在本发明的优选实施例中, 扶正装置 300包括锚桩 301、 软绳 302、 滑轮 环 303、 滑轮 304和滑轮轴 305, 四个滑轮轴 305分别垂直固定在作业平台 200的底部, 并分 别位于前后左右四个方向, 相应地, 四个锚桩 301也按四个方向固定在船载勘探平台 100上, 滑轮 304可转动地安装在滑轮轴 305上, 滑轮 304上设有滑轮环 303, 四根软绳 302的一端设 有快速钩, 快速钩挂接在滑轮环 303上, 软绳 302的另一端分别缠绕在所述锚桩 301上。 软 绳 302是指具有一定柔性并能承受拉力的绳索, 可以由纤维材料或金属材料制成。
如图 3所示,桁架模块 410具有统一大小的标准尺寸,每个桁架模块 410都是由横梁 407、 竖梁 405、 上架板 402和下架板 408焊接而成的长方体框架结构, 桁架模块上还焊接有吊耳 404。 其中竖梁 405为空心柱, 下架板 408对应于竖梁 405下端的位置开有四个定位孔 406, 上架板 402对应于竖梁 405上端的位置上焊有四个定位销 403,上下两个相邻的桁架模块之间 组装时, 定位销 403穿入另一个桁架模块的定位孔 406内, 使相邻两个桁架模块定位对齐, 然后由螺栓 409穿过上架板 402和下架板 408上的连接孔 401,使相邻两个桁架模块连接在一 起。 桁架模块与作业平台之间、 以及桁架模块与桩靴之间也通过螺栓可拆卸连接。
如图 3、 图 4所示, 所述导管由多个导管段 601通过接箍 602密封连接而成, 每个桁架模 块 410内都焊接有一个导管段 601, 接箍 602内设有凹槽 604, 凹槽 604内设有密封环 603, 可以使相邻的两个导管段 601密封连接。
如图 1、 图 5所示, 构成导管的最下面一段导管段为入土导管 605, 入土导管 605焊接在 桩靴 500上,入土导管 605的下端设有导管齿 606。上述导管段 601和入土导管 605相互连接, 形成一根长导管 600, 整个导管 600从作业平台一直延伸至海(水)床泥面, 可以避免穿设在 导管 600内的原位测试钻杆 210受激流冲击而弯曲, 影响试验数据。 对复杂地形, 如砂、 砾 层需采用泥浆清孔护壁, 由于导管 600密闭, 确保了泥浆循环。
如图 5所示, 桩靴 500包括承压板 501和靴齿条 502, 所述靴齿条 502从承压板 501的底 面向下延伸, 靴齿条 502的下端设有靴齿 503。 承压板 501用于与海 (河)床泥面接触, 为原 位测试平台提供支撑, 承压板 501底部的四根靴齿条 502围成矩形, 可以为十字板剪切试验 提供抗扭力。 与桩靴 500相连接的桁架模块可以采用加重桁架模块, 加重桁架模块采用加厚 的上架板、 下架板和横梁, 可以为复杂土层、 深孔原位静力触探提供适当的反力。
下面说明本发明船载桁架组合式原位测试平台的安装使用方法。
如图 1、 图 6所示, 勘探作业船在现场锚定后, 根据原位测试项目及入土深度, 在船载勘 探平台 100上, 开始桩靴 500与桁架模块 410的连接固定, 然后吊入船载勘探平台 100单侧, 根据水深逐个组装桁架模块 410。组装过程中,吊绳 418挂钩吊耳 404,吊起一个桁架模块 410, 对准下方桁架模块 410上的定位销 403然后放下, 把螺栓 409穿过上架板和下架板上的连接 孔, 与螺帽旋紧连接。 吊起若干个已连接成一体的桁架模块 410, 移去支撑活动梁 415, 放下 桁架模块 410,然后重新插上支撑活动梁 415, 再重复这一过程, 直至原位测试平台安装完毕。 在安装过程中, 原位测试平台竖立到海(河)床泥面, 必须保持垂直状态, 当发生倾斜时 需调整, 通过收放各根软绳 302调整原位测试平台, 使之处于竖直状态。 原位测试平台安装 到位后, 在进行原位测试时, 放松软绳 302, 并使软绳 302另一端缠绕在船载勘探平台 100的 四个锚桩 301上, 从而使原位测试平台脱离船载勘探平台 100而处于静态, 并使整个原位测 试平台处于受控状态。
当进行静力触探试验时, 原位测试平台需考虑反力设计, 即平台自重及水中浮力及波浪影 响, 根据需要可增加若干块加重桁架模块组成原位测试平台。
本发明采用模块化设计、 成本低、 安装便利、 易贮存及运输, 能循环使用。 根据现场水 深, 确定原位测试平台所需桁架模块的数量, 在作业现场组合安装, 可快速形成桁架组合式 原位测试平台。 基本达到一次装卸, 可完成若干个原位测试孔。 本发明与船载勘探平台一起 形成动、 静双平台作业方式, 实现各类勘探资源共享, 从而大幅降低了勘探成本; 确保不同 水深、 试验深度、 复杂工况下各类原位测试的正常进行。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种船载桁架组合式原位测试平台, 其特征是, 包括以下部分:
桁架承重架 (400), 由多个桁架模块 (410) 上下串联而成;
作业平台 (200), 固定在所述桁架承重架 (400) 的上端, 作业平台 (200) 上设有用于 安装原位测试装置 (201 ) 的机架座 (204);
桩靴 (500 ), 固定在所述桁架承重架 (400 ) 的下端, 桩靴 (500 ) 的底部设有靴齿 (503);
导管 (600 ), 沿上下方向依次贯穿所述作业平台 (200 )、 桁架承重架 (400 ) 和桩靴 (500);
扶正装置 (300), 包括多根软绳 (302), 软绳 (302) 的一端与所述桁架承重架 (400) 的上端或作业平台 (200) 相连接。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的原位测试平台, 其特征是, 所述作业平台 (200) 的底面上垂直 固定多根滑轮轴 (305 ), 滑轮轴 (305 ) 上设有滑轮 (304), 所述软绳 (302) 的一端与 所述滑轮 (304) 相连接。
3. 根据权利要求 2 所述的原位测试平台, 其特征是, 所述滑轮 (304 ) 上设有滑轮环
(303), 所述软绳 (302) 的一端设有快速钩, 所述快速钩挂接在滑轮环 (303) 上。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的原位测试平台, 其特征是, 还包括一船载勘探平台 (100), 所述 作业平台 (200) 高于船载勘探平台 (100) 的顶面, 所述船载勘探平台 (100) 上固定 有多个锚桩 (301 ), 所述多根软绳 (302) 的另一端分别缠绕在所述锚桩 (301 ) 上。
5. 根据权利要求 4 所述的原位测试平台, 其特征是, 所述船载勘探平台 (100) 上设有包 括钻机和钻塔在内的勘探设备。
6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的原位测试平台, 其特征是, 所述桁架模块 (410 ) 是由横梁
(407)、 竖梁 (405)、 上架板 (402) 和下架板 (408) 焊接而成的长方体框架结构, 所 述桁架模块 (410) 上还焊接有吊耳 (404)。
7. 根据权利要求 6 所述的原位测试平台, 其特征是, 所述竖梁 (405 ) 为空心柱, 所述下 架板 (408 ) 对应于竖梁 (405 ) 下端的位置开有定位孔 (406 ), 所述上架板 (402) 对 应于竖梁 (405) 上端的位置上焊有定位销 (403)。
8. 根据权利要求 6 所述的原位测试平台, 其特征是, 所述导管 (600 ) 由多个导管段
( 601 ) 通过接箍 (602) 密封连接而成, 最下面的一个导管段为入土导管 (605), 所述 入土导管 (605 ) 焊接在桩靴 (500) 上, 入土导管 (605 ) 的下端设有导管齿 (606 ), 每个桁架模块 (410) 内都焊接有一个导管段 (601)。
根据权利要求 6 所述的原位测试平台, 其特征是, 所述桁架模块 (410) 与作业平台 (200) 之间、 桁架模块 (410) 与桩靴 (500) 之间、 以及相邻两个桁架模块 (410) 之 间均通过螺栓 (409) 可拆卸连接。
根据权利要求 1 所述的原位测试平台, 其特征是, 所述桩靴 (500) 包括承压板 (501) 和靴齿条 (502), 所述靴齿条 (502) 从承压板 (501) 的底面向下延伸, 所述靴齿 (503) 位于靴齿条 (502) 的下端。
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CN111985020B (zh) * 2020-04-17 2023-10-27 中建三局第一建设工程有限责任公司 一种汽车式起重机行走及起重荷载计算系统及计算方法
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