WO2015021669A1 - 基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统及方法 - Google Patents

基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015021669A1
WO2015021669A1 PCT/CN2013/082304 CN2013082304W WO2015021669A1 WO 2015021669 A1 WO2015021669 A1 WO 2015021669A1 CN 2013082304 W CN2013082304 W CN 2013082304W WO 2015021669 A1 WO2015021669 A1 WO 2015021669A1
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Prior art keywords
water
quality
monitoring
management
sewage treatment
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PCT/CN2013/082304
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林万泉
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深圳市兰德玛水环境工程科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2015021669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015021669A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03FSEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/12Emergency outlets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/006Water distributors either inside a treatment tank or directing the water to several treatment tanks; Water treatment plants incorporating these distributors, with or without chemical or biological tanks
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/008Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C02F2209/006Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC] comprising a software program or a logic diagram
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C02F2209/008Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC] comprising telecommunication features, e.g. modems or antennas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of water pollution control, and more particularly to a water pollution prevention system and method based on quality discharge and quality treatment for realizing flood control of rivers, reservoirs and lakes. Background technique
  • the surface water is an effective means to prevent sewage from polluting urban rivers, reservoirs and lakes.
  • the water quality of the pipe network meets the management and functional standards of urban rivers, reservoirs and lakes, it is discharged into rivers, reservoirs or lakes, otherwise it is discharged into the sewage treatment plant.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water pollution prevention system and method based on the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and based on the above-mentioned defects.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is: constructing a water pollution prevention and control system based on the separation and separation treatment, including a quality discharge system disposed in the water area of the jurisdiction, and a quality processing system downstream of the mass separation system, and a management system respectively connected to the quality separation system and the quality processing system;
  • the quality discharge system is used for on-line hierarchical monitoring of the water bodies in the waters of the jurisdiction, comparing the monitoring data of the online hierarchical monitoring with the preset management targets, and performing the quality discharge of the waters in the waters of the jurisdiction according to the comparison result;
  • the quality separation processing system is configured to perform water quality treatment on the water body according to the water quality of the water body discharged from the quality discharge system that does not meet the preset management target, and discharge the water body after the quality treatment according to the preset management target To the protected waters downstream;
  • the management system is for monitoring an exhaust process of the mass exhaust system and monitoring a process of the mass separation system.
  • the quality processing system comprises: a sewage storage tank, a degradation pool and a sewage treatment module; the sewage treatment module comprises one or several general sewage treatment devices and special sewage connected in series and/or in parallel. Processing device composition;
  • the sewage storage tank, the degradation pool, the general sewage treatment device and the special sewage treatment device are all provided with an inlet door and a sewage door, and the degradation pool, the general sewage treatment device and the special sewage treatment device Also provided are drainage doors; the drainage doors are used to discharge water bodies whose water quality meets the preset management target into the downstream protected waters;
  • the water body discharged by the quality discharge system flows into the sewage storage tank through the inlet door of the sewage storage tank to store the water body; the water body stored in the sewage storage tank passes through the sewage storage tank
  • the sewage gate and the inlet gate of the degradation pool are discharged to the degradation pool to degrade the water body; the degraded water body is discharged to the downstream protected water through the drainage door of the degradation pool, or through the degradation pool
  • the sewage door and the inlet door of the general sewage treatment device are discharged to the general sewage treatment device for treatment; the treated water body is discharged to the downstream through the drainage gate of the general sewage treatment device Protecting the water area, or discharging through the sewage door of the general sewage treatment device and the inlet door of the special sewage treatment device to the special sewage treatment device for treatment; the treated water body passes the The drainage door of the special sewage treatment device is discharged to the downstream protected water area;
  • the general sewage treatment device is used for comprehensively referring to a living pollution project of a water body and a water body.
  • the target is reduced to meet the preset management objectives;
  • the living pollution items include: PH, transparency, conductivity, concentration of chlorophyll A, concentration of ammonia nitrogen, concentration of pity, concentration of COD, concentration of total nitrogen, concentration of total pity, and BOD ;
  • the special sewage treatment device is used for reducing the heavy metal content of the water body to meet the preset management target;
  • the comprehensive indicators of the water body include the eutrophication index and the water quality comprehensive pollution index.
  • the quality processing system further includes: a first management control module;
  • the first management control module includes: a first monitoring data acquiring device, a first comparing device, a first control device, a driving device, and a first storage a device and a first data transmission device;
  • the first monitoring data acquiring device is configured to acquire monitoring data of the monitoring device according to a set frequency;
  • the monitoring device includes a first water quality monitoring instrument group disposed at the outlet of the degradation pool, and is disposed in the general sewage treatment a second water quality monitoring instrument group at the outlet of the device and a third water quality monitoring instrument group disposed at the outlet of the special sewage treatment device;
  • the monitoring data includes the first water quality monitoring instrument group and the second water quality monitoring instrument group respectively And the first monitoring data, the second monitoring data and the third monitoring data obtained by the third water quality monitoring instrument group;
  • a first comparing device configured to compare the first monitoring data, the second monitoring data, and the third monitoring data with a preset management target to obtain a first comparison result, a second comparison result, and a third comparison result, respectively ;
  • a first control device configured to output, according to the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result, a first control instruction, a second control instruction, and a third control instruction, respectively;
  • a driving device configured to control an opening and closing state of the sewage gate of the degradation pool and the inlet gate of the general sewage treatment device or to control an opening and closing state of the drainage gate of the degradation pool according to the first control instruction, Controlling the opening and closing state of the sewage door of the general sewage treatment device and the inlet door of the special sewage treatment device or controlling the opening of the drainage gate of the general sewage treatment device according to the second control instruction a closed state, controlling an opening and closing state of the drainage gate of the special sewage treatment device according to the third control instruction;
  • the first data transmission device is configured to send the monitoring data and the open/close state of the gate to the management system.
  • the first data transmission device is further configured to receive a remote command of the management system and transmit the remote command to the first control module;
  • the first control module is further configured to output a fourth control instruction according to the remote command;
  • the driving device is further configured to control the sewage storage tank, the degradation pool, the general sewage treatment device, and the special according to the fourth control instruction The opening and closing state of the door of the sewage treatment device.
  • the first data transmission device is further configured to receive information sent by the quality separation system and transmit the information to the first control module;
  • the first control module is further configured to output a fifth control instruction according to the information and the monitoring data;
  • the driving device is further configured to control an opening and closing state of the door of the sewage storage tank, the degradation pool, the general sewage treatment device and the special sewage treatment device according to the fifth control instruction;
  • the information sent by the quality discharge system includes: an emission and processing strategy for the next time period of the quality discharge system.
  • the quality discharge system comprises a monitoring module, a water flow control execution module and a second management control module;
  • the monitoring module includes an online hierarchical water quality monitoring instrument group for monitoring water quality data, a hydrological monitoring instrument group for monitoring hydrological data, a working environment monitoring instrument group for monitoring working environment information, and a water body flow rate for monitoring water body flow rate.
  • Monitoring instrument cluster for monitoring water quality data, a hydrological monitoring instrument group for monitoring hydrological data, a working environment monitoring instrument group for monitoring working environment information, and a water body flow rate for monitoring water body flow rate.
  • the water flow control execution module includes a control cabinet for receiving and processing signals and issuing a control signal, a drain gate for discharging water bodies whose water quality meets a preset management target, and a drain gate for discharging water quality that does not meet a preset management target. And a drive motor for driving the drain gate and the drain gate according to a control signal of the control cabinet;
  • the second management control module includes: a second monitoring data acquiring device, a second comparing device, a second storing device, a water flow discharging driving device, a second data transmitting device, an emission and processing strategy computing device, a threshold computing device, and a second Control device
  • the second monitoring data acquiring device is configured to acquire the monitoring from the monitoring module at a preset frequency. Measuring data
  • the second comparing device is configured to compare the monitoring data with a preset management target
  • the emission and processing strategy computing device is configured to predict an emissions and processing strategy for a next time period based on the monitored data, and compare the predicted emissions and processing strategy to current emissions and processing strategies;
  • the threshold computing device is configured to calculate a eutrophication index and a comprehensive pollution index of the water body according to the monitoring data, and reset a threshold value of each item in the preset management target according to the calculated eutrophication index and the comprehensive pollution index of the water body;
  • the second control device is configured to generate a driving control command according to the comparison result of the second comparing device, and generate an emission and processing policy adjustment request according to the comparison result of the discharging and processing strategy computing device, according to the threshold computing device
  • the calculation result generates a threshold adjustment request
  • the water flow discharge driving device is configured to control the water flow control execution module gate opening and closing state according to the driving control instruction
  • the second data transmission device is configured to send at least one information of the following information to the management system: the monitoring data, an open/close state of the gate, the predicted next time period emission and processing strategy, The threshold, the emission and processing policy adjustment request and the threshold adjustment request of the items; the second storage device is configured to store the monitoring data, the comparison result, the opening and closing state of the gate, and the next period of the prediction Emissions and treatment strategies and thresholds for the items described.
  • the second data transmission device is further configured to receive a remote command of the management system and transmit the remote command to the second control module;
  • the second control module is further configured to generate an instruction according to the remote command to control the monitoring module to adjust a monitoring item, a threshold of each monitoring item, a monitoring frequency, or adjust an emission and processing strategy; the adjusting the emission and processing strategy is
  • the water discharge driving device is configured to drive the water flow control execution module to open and close according to the instruction of the second control module;
  • the second data transmission device is further configured to send the predicted next time period emission and processing policy to the quality processing system.
  • the management system includes a host computer and a server;
  • the server and the second management control module and the parting in the quality exhaust system respectively a first management control module communication connection in the processing system;
  • the server is in communication with the upper computer;
  • the server is configured to acquire information sent by the first data transmission device and the second data transmission device, and send the information Giving the upper computer;
  • the upper computer generates a remote command according to the information or third party information from a third party information platform and sends the first data transmission device and/or the second data transmission device to the first data transmission device and the second data transmission device through the server;
  • the remote command includes: an instruction to adjust an emission and processing strategy of the mass-distributing system, an instruction to adjust a threshold of each item of the mass-distributing system and the mass-processing system, a monitoring frequency, or an instruction to monitor the item;
  • the upper computer is further configured to process, display and store the information.
  • the third-party information platform is configured to send third-party information to the upper-level computer;
  • the third-party information includes at least one of the following information: the upper computer receives the first information sent by the server, including the first The frequency of the information transmitted by the data transmission device and the second data transmission device, the preset threshold of each item in the preset management target, the preset emission and processing strategy, the conditions for allowing the quality emission system to adjust the emission and processing strategy, and the allowable points The conditions for adjusting the threshold of each item by the mass emission system and/or the mass separation processing system, and the conditions for allowing the upper computer to remotely operate the quality separation system and/or the mass separation processing system;
  • the upper computer performs corresponding setting according to the third party information and generates the remote command; the upper computer remotely operates the quality discharge system when the condition for allowing the remote operation of the quality discharge system is satisfied ;
  • the remotely operating the quality exhaust system includes the upper computer performing an operation performed by the second management control module;
  • the remote operation quality processing system includes the upper computer executing an operation performed by the first management control module.
  • a water pollution prevention and control method based on quality discharge and quality treatment includes the following steps: so: setting a target monitoring point in the jurisdictional water area, setting a mass separation system at the target monitoring point, and setting a quality separation process downstream of the mass separation system System; two-way connection between the quality discharge system and the management system, and the two-way connection between the quality processing system and the management system; 51.
  • the quality discharge system acquires online hierarchical monitoring data of the current water body of the target monitoring point at a preset fixed frequency;
  • the quality discharge system compares the obtained monitoring data of the current water body with the preset management target, and performs the mass discharge of the water body in the waters of the jurisdiction according to the comparison result;
  • the quality processing system accepts and processes water bodies discharged by the quality discharge system that do not meet the preset management objectives.
  • the monitoring data includes: water quality monitoring data of the current water body, hydrological monitoring data, working environment monitoring data, and water body flow rate monitoring data.
  • the step S2 further includes:
  • the quality discharge system reads the water quality data and the hydrological data of the preset point upstream of the target monitoring point at a preset fixed frequency, and predicts the water quality and the amount of water after the specified time period according to the water quality data and the hydrological data of the upstream preset point. And determining whether the next period of the specified time period adjusts the emission and processing strategy; if the emission and processing strategy needs to be adjusted, issuing a request to the management system;
  • the emission and processing strategy is switched, and the emission and processing policy adjustment information is sent to the first management control module of the quality processing system.
  • the step S2 further includes: the mass-distributing system acquires the monitoring data of the target monitoring point at a preset fixed frequency, calculates the eutrophication index and the comprehensive pollution index of the current water body according to the monitoring data, and determines whether the preset of the monitoring item needs to be adjusted. Thresholding and determining the adjusted threshold, and sending a threshold adjustment request to the management system and adjusting or maintaining the threshold according to a remote command of the management system;
  • the emission and treatment strategy includes: performing emission by water quality identification result, performing emission by water quantity identification result; performing emission by water quantity identification result when water quantity predicted value reaches a set threshold value; and water quality if water quantity prediction value is less than a predetermined threshold value Identify the results to perform emissions;
  • Emissions and treatment strategies that implement emissions by water quality identification include general pollution discharge and treatment strategies, specific pollution emissions and treatment strategies; general pollution discharge and treatment strategies include normal pollution discharge and treatment strategies, sudden heavy pollution emissions, and Processing strategy.
  • the step S2 further includes: the quality exhaust system has at least one of the following information Information is sent to the management system: the monitoring data, the opening and closing state of the gate, the predicted next period of emission and processing strategy, the threshold of the items, the emission and processing policy adjustment request, and the threshold adjustment request;
  • the step S2 further includes: the quality discharge system sets a monitoring item, a threshold value of each monitoring item, a monitoring frequency, or an adjustment emission and processing strategy according to the received remote command sent by the management system.
  • the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
  • the first management control module controls the degradation pool to discharge the current water body to the general sewage treatment device;
  • the first management control module periodically acquires water quality monitoring data of the treated water body monitored by the water quality monitoring instrument group set at the exit of the general sewage treatment device, and if the preset management target is met, step S3-13 is performed. Otherwise continue to be treated in a general sewage treatment plant;
  • the first management control module periodically determines whether the comprehensive index of the water body meets the preset management target, and if yes, opens the special sewage treatment device S3-15, otherwise, performs step S3-14;
  • step S3-14 the first management control module according to the preset plan, prolonging the water treatment time of the general sewage treatment device and/or improving the influence parameter of the water quality state, and performing step S3-13;
  • the first management control module periodically acquires monitoring data of the water quality monitoring instrument group at the exit of the special sewage treatment device. If the specific pollution item has been degraded to meet the preset management target after processing, execute S3-16, otherwise continue in Treatment in a special sewage treatment plant;
  • the first management control module controls the special sewage treatment device to directly drain the water body to the protected water area;
  • the influence parameters of the water quality state include: water quantity, water depth, water temperature or area; the comprehensive index of the water body includes an eutrophication index and a water quality comprehensive pollution index; and the specific pollution item includes a heavy metal content.
  • the step S3 further includes the following steps:
  • the first management control module determines the emission and treatment strategy of the quality emission system, and if it is the normal pollution emission strategy, step S3 is performed. -22, if it is a sudden heavy pollution emission strategy, perform step S3-32; S3-22, the first management control module periodically acquires and identifies the monitoring data of the water quality monitoring instrument group set at the outlet of the degradation pool, and if the recognition result is that the water quality meets the preset management target, a driving instruction is issued to directly discharge the water body to the downstream protected waters. Otherwise, the instruction to open the inlet gate of the general sewage treatment device will discharge the current water body to the general sewage treatment device, and perform step S3-23;
  • the first management control module acquires the water quality monitoring instrument group set in the outlet of the general sewage treatment device to monitor the water quality data.
  • step S3-24 is performed. ;
  • the first management control module determines whether the comprehensive index of the water body meets the preset management target. If yes, step S3-26 is performed; otherwise, step S3-25 is performed;
  • the first management control module extends the water treatment time of the general sewage treatment device and/or the influence parameter of the water quality state according to the preset plan, and performs step S3-24;
  • the first management control module controls the general sewage treatment device to directly discharge the water body to the protected water area downstream;
  • the first management control module periodically acquires and identifies the monitoring data of the water quality monitoring instrument group disposed at the outlet of the degradation pool. If the recognition result is that the water body is heavily polluted, one or more general sewage is started according to the total pollution instruction. Processing the device; and controlling the degradation pool to discharge the current water body to one or more general sewage treatment devices that are opened, and separately obtaining monitoring data of the water quality monitoring instrument group disposed at the exit of each general sewage treatment device, when the living body of the water body is polluted When the project is degraded to meet the preset management target, step S3-33 is performed;
  • the first management control module determines whether the comprehensive index of the water body processed by the one or more general sewage treatment devices meets the preset management target, and if yes, performs step S3-35; otherwise, performs step S3. -34;
  • the first management control module extends the water treatment time of the general sewage treatment device and/or the influence parameter of the water quality state according to the preset plan, and performs step S3-33;
  • the first management control module controls one or more general sewage treatment devices to directly discharge the water body to the protected waters downstream.
  • the comprehensive indicators of the water body include an eutrophication index and a water quality comprehensive pollution index; the influence parameters of the water quality state include: water quantity, water depth, water temperature or area;
  • the living pollution items include pH, transparency, conductivity, concentration of chlorophyll A, concentration of ammonia nitrogen, concentration of pity, COD, concentration of total nitrogen, concentration of total pity, and BOD.
  • the step S3 further includes the following steps:
  • the first management control module controls the sewage storage tank to receive and store the water body conveyed by the quality discharge system, and control the degradation pool.
  • the doors of the general sewage treatment device and the special sewage treatment device are opened to allow the water body to be quickly discharged to the downstream waters.
  • the water pollution prevention system and method based on the separation and separation treatment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: It can realize the water body quality discharge and quality treatment of the waters in the jurisdiction waters that do not meet the management objectives; And identify water quality and quantity of water, and can automatically diagnose and self-process according to the monitoring and identification results of water quality and quantity, carry out quality treatment, implement quality treatment; and adjust the quality and distribution according to the monitoring and identification results of water quality and water quantity.
  • Quality management strategy can automatically perform quality discharge and quality treatment according to the determined strategy; Form a controlled, online and real-time intelligent water pollution prevention and control system.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a water pollution prevention and control system based on a mass discharge and a separation treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural view of a mass discharge system of a water pollution prevention and control system based on a mass discharge and a mass separation process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a mass separation processing system of a water pollution prevention and control system based on a mass discharge and a separation treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a management system of a water pollution prevention and control system based on a quality discharge and a separation treatment according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a water pollution prevention and control method based on a mass discharge and a mass separation process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a step S3 of the water pollution prevention and control method based on the mass discharge and the separation treatment shown in Figure 5 Detailed flow chart;
  • Fig. 7 is a detailed flow chart of the step S3 in the water pollution prevention and control method based on the mass discharge and the separation treatment shown in Fig. 5. detailed description
  • a water pollution prevention and control system includes: a quality discharge system 1 disposed in a water area of a jurisdiction; a quality treatment system 2 disposed in a water area downstream of the quality discharge system 1; and a separation and discharge system respectively 1 and the management system 3 in which the quality processing system 2 is bidirectionally connected.
  • the quality discharge system 1 is used for on-line grading monitoring of the current water body in the waters of the jurisdiction, and hierarchically identifying the grading monitoring results (for example, obtaining and processing monitoring result data), and monitoring data and presets for online grading monitoring
  • the management objectives are compared, and the water bodies in the waters of the jurisdiction are discharged according to the comparison results, and the water quantity and water quality change of the water body in the next time period of the jurisdiction waters are predicted, and the quality of the next time period is determined according to the prediction result. Emission strategy.
  • the mass separation system 1 is further configured to determine a threshold value of each monitoring item in the preset management target according to the current eutrophication index of the water body and the comprehensive water pollution index, and to transmit information (for example, monitoring data of the hierarchical monitoring, the prediction)
  • the result, the emission policy, the threshold, the emission policy adjustment request, the threshold adjustment request, etc. are given to the management system and the quality processing system.
  • the mass-discharge system 1 is also used to receive remote commands from the management system to update the grading monitoring items, thresholds for corresponding monitoring items, monitoring frequencies, or adjusting emission strategies.
  • the mass separation processing system 2 is configured to perform water quality treatment on the water body according to the water quality of the water body discharged from the quality discharge system 1 that does not meet the preset management target, and discharge the water body after the treated water quality meets the preset management target, and is used for sending Information (eg, water quality monitoring data for the quality of the processing process) is given to the management system and the remote commands of the receiving management system to adjust the quality of the processing.
  • Information eg, water quality monitoring data for the quality of the processing process
  • the management system 3 is configured to control the monitoring item of the hierarchical monitoring of the quality discharge system, the threshold value of the corresponding monitoring item, the monitoring frequency or the emission strategy according to the information sent by the quality discharge system 1 or the third information from the third party information platform, And according to the information or the third information sent by the quality processing system 2 Control the quality of the processing system.
  • the third-party information platform can be a monitoring platform that is located upstream of the jurisdictional waters or elsewhere.
  • the third-party information platform can obtain sudden situations in the waters (for example, sudden floods, sudden pollution in the waters, etc.) and send the emergency information to the management system.
  • the management system 3 in the water pollution prevention and control system based on the quality discharge and the separation treatment of the embodiment of the present invention can monitor the water quality, the water quantity and the like in real time by acquiring the monitoring data of the quality discharge system 1 and the quality processing system 2,
  • the emission or treatment strategy can be selected according to the monitoring data to perform the separation and quality treatment according to the determined strategy; and the management system 3 can set the management thresholds of different management objectives, for example, according to the eutrophication index or water quality
  • the critical value of the pollution comprehensive index requires setting a corresponding strategy, feedback and adjusting the quality processing identification threshold of the quality processing system 2 to meet the requirements of the eutrophication index or the water quality pollution comprehensive index of the protected waters.
  • the quality discharge system 1 performs online hierarchical monitoring on the one hand, and performs real-time quality discharge, and is bidirectionally connected with the management system 3, transmits monitoring data to the management system 3, and is ready to receive and execute from the time.
  • the Separation Emissions System 1 can predict the amount of water and water quality for the next period to obtain forecast data, and can derive a quality emission strategy based on the forecast data.
  • the forecast data is predicted by the quality discharge system 1 based on the historical data obtained by the monitoring.
  • the quality discharge system 1 can establish rules based on historical data and predict the amount of water and water quality for the next period based on established rules.
  • the forecast data can be obtained by other means.
  • the monitoring data can be obtained immediately according to the first-level monitoring, and the chart can be established based on the real-time monitoring data, and the forecast data can be obtained by judging the trend of the chart.
  • the quality of the treatment system 2 is based on the degree of pollution, water volume and pollution of the water discharged from the quality discharge system 1 to treat the water body.
  • the mass separation processing system 2 receives the water body delivered by the quality discharge system 1 and simultaneously connects with the management system 3, transmits the monitoring data to the management system 3, and receives and executes the commands from the management system 3 at any time.
  • the preset management target is preset according to the actual situation of the water area of the jurisdiction and the processing target of the water body.
  • the default management objective may be to achieve a Class III standard for the water quality of the jurisdictional waters.
  • the preset management target can be preset by the management system through the management system 3 or preset or modified according to actual conditions.
  • the management system 3 sends the set management targets to the partitions separately.
  • the system 1 and the mass separation processing system 2 are placed.
  • the sub-discharge system 1 stores the criteria of each item in the management target in the second storage device 113.
  • the quality processing system 2 stores the criteria of each item in the management target in the first storage device 223.
  • Domestic pollution items in different management objectives eg, pH, transparency, conductivity, concentration of chlorophyll A, concentration of ammonia nitrogen, concentration of pity, COD (chemical oxygen demand), concentration of total nitrogen, concentration of total pity, and BOD Preset criteria for (bio-oxygen demand), etc.
  • preset criteria for specific pollution items eg, heavy metal content, etc.
  • preset criteria for comprehensive indicators of water bodies are not the same.
  • each monitoring item in the preset management target includes: PH, transparency, electrical conductivity, concentration of chlorophyll A, concentration of ammonia nitrogen, concentration of pity, concentration of COD, concentration of total nitrogen, concentration of total pity , BOD, heavy metal content, comprehensive indicators of water bodies, etc.
  • the thresholds of each monitoring item are corresponding to the management criteria of each item in the management objectives.
  • the threshold of COD content in the water quality monitoring project is less than or equal to 20mg/L
  • the threshold value of the ammonia nitrogen content is less than or equal to 1.0 mg/L
  • the threshold value of the pity content is less than or equal to 0.005 mg/L.
  • the management target can also be preset by the third-party information platform, and the third information platform sends the preset management system 3 to the management system 3.
  • the comprehensive indicators of the water body in the preset management target include the eutrophication index and the water quality comprehensive pollution index.
  • the eutrophication index can be calculated according to the comprehensive nutritional status index method.
  • the mass separation system 1 of the embodiment of the present invention includes a monitoring module 10, a second management control module 11, and a water flow control execution module 12.
  • the monitoring module 10 is used to monitor the water quality of the waters under the jurisdiction, Water volume, water flow rate, and ambient temperature and humidity are used to obtain monitoring data.
  • the second management control module 11 is configured to send the monitoring data and receive remote commands.
  • the monitoring module 10 is provided with an online hierarchical water quality monitoring instrument group 101, a hydrological monitoring instrument group 102, a working environment monitoring instrument group 103 and a water body flow rate.
  • the instrument cluster 104 is monitored.
  • the water quality monitoring project is divided into multiple levels with priority from high to low, and corresponding to online grading water quality.
  • the monitoring instrument group 101 is provided with a corresponding first-class water quality monitoring instrument group with a priority from high to low, a secondary water quality monitoring instrument group, and a N-level water quality monitoring instrument group, so that the monitoring efficiency and monitoring speed are increased and the cost is reduced.
  • the water quality data monitored by the online grading water quality monitoring instrument group 101 includes PH, transparency, conductivity, chlorophyll A concentration (or content), ammonia nitrogen concentration (or content), pity concentration (or content), COD, total nitrogen concentration.
  • PH transparency, conductivity and chlorophyll A were obtained by monitoring the first-grade water quality monitoring instrument group.
  • Ammonia nitrogen, total pity and COD were obtained by monitoring the secondary water quality monitoring instrument group, and the heavy metal content was monitored by the third-level water quality monitoring instrument group.
  • the quality discharge system 1 performs hierarchical monitoring and hierarchical identification. And because the primary water quality monitoring instrument group in the quality discharge system 1 is monitored once in 10 seconds or less to obtain monitoring data of the primary water quality monitoring project (PH, transparency, conductivity, chlorophyll A), Therefore, the quality discharge system 1 can issue an instruction to perform the interception 10 seconds or less after the occurrence of the contamination exceeding the standard.
  • PH primary water quality monitoring project
  • chlorophyll A chlorophyll A
  • Hydrological monitoring instrument group 102 Select one or more hydrological monitors according to the specific conditions of different monitoring points, including water level meter, water temperature meter, flow meter, flow meter, sediment monitor, precipitation monitor, evaporator and other equipment.
  • the working environment monitoring instrument group 103 is used to monitor the working environment of all instruments and the working state of the instrument, including but not limited to the temperature, humidity, instrument power consumption, electromagnetic radiation amount, level and instrument working stability of the working environment.
  • the water flow rate monitoring instrument group 104 is used to monitor multiple points near each discharge gate and drain gate The water flow rate.
  • the second management control module 11 includes a second monitoring data acquiring device 111, a second comparing device 112, a second storage device 113, an emission and processing strategy computing device 114, a second control device 115, a second data transmitting device 116, and a water discharge
  • the second monitoring data acquiring means 111 is for acquiring monitoring data from the monitoring module at a preset frequency.
  • the second comparing means 112 is for comparing the monitoring data with a preset management target.
  • the emissions and processing strategy computing device 114 is configured to predict emissions and processing strategies for the next time period based on the monitored data and compare the predicted emissions and processing strategies to current emissions and processing strategies.
  • the threshold operation device 119 is configured to calculate the eutrophication index and the comprehensive pollution index of the water body based on the monitoring data, and reset the thresholds of the items in the preset management target according to the calculated eutrophication index and the comprehensive pollution index of the water body.
  • the second control device 115 is configured to generate a driving control instruction according to the comparison result of the second comparing device, generate an emission and processing policy adjustment request according to the comparison result of the emission and processing strategy computing device, and calculate according to the threshold computing device
  • the result is a threshold adjustment request.
  • the water discharge driving device 117 is configured to control the water flow control execution module gate opening and closing state according to the drive control command.
  • the second data transmission device 116 is configured to send at least one information of the following information to the management system: the monitoring data, the opening and closing state of the gate, the predicted next time period emission and processing strategy, Thresholds, emissions and processing policy adjustment requests and threshold adjustment requests for each item.
  • the second storage device 113 is configured to store the monitoring data, the comparison result, the open/close state of the gate, the predicted next period of discharge and processing strategy, and the threshold of the items.
  • the preset corresponding threshold is stored in the second storage device 113.
  • the second storage device 113 is further configured to store topographical data of the jurisdictional waters, and the topographical data may provide a further basis for the second management control module 11 to determine the emission policy and the threshold of the monitoring item.
  • the second control device 115 activates the next step of the online classified water quality monitoring instrument group 101.
  • Level water quality monitoring instrument group performs monitoring; if it does not meet the requirements
  • the water flow discharge driving device 117 is driven by the second control device 115 to control the water flow control execution module 12 to open the drain gate and close the discharge gate.
  • the water flow discharge driving device 117 is driven by the second control device 115 to control the water flow control execution module 12 to turn off the sewage discharge. Gate, open the discharge gate.
  • the threshold operation device 119 determines the threshold of the monitoring item based on the eutrophication index of the water body and the comprehensive pollution index. Wherein determining the threshold of the monitoring item includes determining whether it is necessary to correct the preset threshold of the monitoring item and the correction value of the threshold.
  • the threshold correction request is sent to the management system 3, and according to the feedback of the management system 3, the threshold is adjusted or the original preset threshold is maintained.
  • Emission strategies include: Execution of emissions with water quality identification results and emission of emissions with water identification results. When the predicted value of the water reaches the set threshold, the discharge is based on the water identification result. When the predicted amount of water is less than the set threshold, the emissions are based on the water quality identification results.
  • emission strategies based on water quality identification results include: general pollution emission strategies and specific pollution emission strategies.
  • General pollution emission strategies include normal pollution emission strategies and sudden heavy pollution emission strategies. Thresholds for the amount of water and water quality defining various strategies are stored in the storage module 113.
  • the water flow control execution module 12 includes a control cabinet for performing signal reception and processing and issuing a control signal, a drain gate for discharging a water body conforming to a preset management target, a drain gate for discharging a non-compliant management target, and The drive motor of the drain gate and the drain gate is driven according to the control signal of the control cabinet.
  • the sewage water discharged from the sewage gate of the water flow control execution module 12 enters the mass separation processing system 2, and is processed by the quality processing system 2.
  • the quality processing system 2 performs adaptive quality processing according to the pollution level, water quantity and pollution items of the water discharged from the quality discharge system 1.
  • the second data transmission device 116 is further configured to receive the remote command of the management system 3 and transmit the same to the second control module 115.
  • the second control module 115 is further configured to generate an instruction according to the remote command to control the
  • the monitoring module adjusts the monitoring item, the threshold of each monitoring item, the monitoring frequency, or adjusts the emission and processing strategy; the adjusting the discharging and processing strategy is to drive the flow control execution module 12 gate according to the instruction of the second control module 115 by the water discharge driving device. Open and closed state is achieved.
  • the second control module 115 transmits information for adjusting the emissions and processing strategy to the first data transmission device 227 of the quality processing system 2 via the second data transmission device 116.
  • the mass separation processing system 2 of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a sewage storage tank 20, a sewage treatment module 21, a first management control module 22, and a degradation pool 23.
  • the sewage treatment module 21 is comprised of one or several general sewage treatment units 212 and a special sewage treatment unit 211 connected in series and/or in parallel.
  • the sewage storage tank 20, the degradation tank 23, the general sewage treatment device 212 and the special sewage treatment device 211 are all provided with an inlet door and a sewage door, and the degradation tank 23, the general sewage treatment device 212 and the special sewage
  • the processing device 211 is also provided with a drain gate. Drainage gates are used to discharge water bodies that meet the pre-established management objectives to downstream protected waters.
  • the water discharged from the mass discharge system 1 flows into the sewage storage tank 20 through the inlet door of the sewage storage tank 20 to store the water body; the water body stored in the sewage storage tank 20 passes through the sewage gate of the sewage storage tank 20 and degrades
  • the inlet gate of the pool 23 is discharged to the degradation tank 23 to degrade the water body; the degraded water body is discharged to the downstream protected water area through the drainage door of the degradation tank 23, or through the sewage gate of the degradation tank 23 and the general sewage treatment device.
  • the inlet door of 212 is discharged to the general sewage treatment device 212 for treatment; the treated water body is discharged to the downstream protected water through the drainage door of the general sewage treatment device 212, or through the general sewage treatment device 212.
  • the sewage door of the sewage door and the special sewage treatment device 211 is discharged to the special sewage treatment device 211 for treatment; the treated water body is discharged to the downstream protected water through the drainage door of the special sewage treatment device 211.
  • the sewage storage tank 20 is connected to the degradation tank 23 through a gate and a gravel bed.
  • the sewage storage tank 20 is used for directly receiving and storing the water body delivered by the quality discharge system 1 and discharging it to the degradation tank 23 according to different water quantity standards stipulated by different treatment strategies.
  • the degradation tank 23 degrades the water body and performs split discharge according to different water quantity standards stipulated by different treatment strategies. If the water body meets the preset management target after self-degradation, it is directly discharged to the downstream water area through the drainage door; Set the management target, then the water body according to the processing strategy requirements and self-decrease The extent of the solution is discharged to the corresponding sewage treatment module 21 through the drain gate.
  • the first management control module 22 includes: a first monitoring data acquisition device 222, a first comparison device 224, a first control device 228, a drive device 226, a first storage device 223, and a first data transmission device 227.
  • the first monitoring data acquiring device 222 is configured to acquire monitoring data of the monitoring device according to the set frequency.
  • the monitoring device includes a first water quality monitoring instrument group disposed at the exit of the degradation pool 23, and is set in a general state. a second water quality monitoring instrument group at the outlet of the sewage treatment device 212 and a third water quality monitoring instrument group disposed at the exit of the special sewage treatment device 211; the monitoring data includes monitoring from the first water quality monitoring instrument group and the second water quality monitoring device respectively The first monitoring data, the second monitoring data and the third monitoring data acquired by the instrument group and the third water quality monitoring instrument group.
  • the first comparing device 224 is configured to compare the first monitoring data, the second monitoring data, and the third monitoring data with a preset management target to obtain a first comparison result, a second comparison result, and a third comparison, respectively. result.
  • the first control device 228 is configured to output the first control command, the second control command, and the third control command according to the first comparison result, the second comparison result, and the third comparison result, respectively.
  • the driving device 226 is configured to control the opening and closing state of the sewage gate of the degradation pool 23 and the water inlet gate of the general sewage treatment device 212 or control the opening and closing state of the drainage gate of the degradation pool 23 according to the first control command, according to the
  • the second control command controls the opening and closing state of the intake gate of the sewage gate of the general sewage treatment device 212 and the special sewage treatment device 211 or controls the opening and closing state of the drainage gate of the general sewage treatment device 212, according to the
  • the third control command controls the opening and closing state of the drain gate of the special sewage treatment device 211.
  • the first storage device 223 is configured to store monitoring data, comparison results, and opening and closing states of all gates including a sewage storage tank, a degradation tank, a general sewage treatment device, and a special sewage treatment device.
  • the first data transmission device 227 is configured to transmit the monitoring data and the open/close state of the gate to the management system.
  • the first data transmission device 227 is further configured to receive the remote command of the management system 3 and transmit the remote command to the first control module 228;
  • the first control module 228 is further configured to output the fourth control command according to the remote command;
  • the device 226 is further configured to control according to the fourth control instruction The opening and closing state of the gates of the sewage storage tank 20, the degradation tank 23, the general sewage treatment device 212, and the special sewage treatment device 211.
  • the fourth control command is a control command generated by the management system 3 based on the received monitoring data and the opening and closing state of the gate, and third party information or the like.
  • the control instructions may include adjusting a processing strategy, adjusting a management target, and the like. If the fourth control instruction includes an instruction to adjust the management target, the first control module 228 is to adjust and store the thresholds of the items in the new management target to the first storage device 223. When the first comparing means 224 performs the comparison, the preset management target adopted is the updated management target.
  • the first data transmission device 227 is further configured to receive the information sent by the mass-discharge system 1 and transmit the information to the first control module 228; the first control module 228 is further configured to output the information according to the information and the monitoring data.
  • the fifth control command is used to control the opening and closing state of the gates of the sewage storage tank 20, the degradation tank 23, the general sewage treatment device 212, and the special sewage treatment device 211 according to the fifth control command.
  • the information sent by the quality discharge system 1 includes: the emission and treatment strategies of the next time period of the quality discharge system.
  • the driving device 226 controls the sewage storage tank 20 according to the fifth control instruction, and degrades. All the gates of the pool 23, the general sewage treatment device 212 and the special sewage treatment device 211 are opened to rapidly discharge the water body to the downstream waters.
  • the drive unit 226 controls the opening of the gates of the sewage storage tank 20, the degradation tank 23, and the general sewage treatment device 212 according to the fifth control command.
  • the opening and closing state of the specific gate is performed in conjunction with the first control command and the second control command.
  • the drive device 226 controls the sewage storage tank 20, the degradation tank 23, the general sewage treatment device 212, and the special sewage treatment according to the fifth control instruction.
  • the shutter opening and closing state of the device 211 is specifically performed in conjunction with the first control command, the second control command, and the third control command.
  • the goal of the general sewage treatment device 212 is to make the water body's pH, transparency, electrical conductivity, chlorophyll A concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, pity concentration, COD, total nitrogen concentration, total pity. Concentrations, BOD, and comprehensive indicators of water bodies are reduced to meet the pre-set management objectives.
  • Special sewage treatment devices are degrading the above items (PH, transparency, conductivity, leaves) Specific water quality items other than the concentration of chlorophyll A, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, the concentration of pour, the concentration of COD, the concentration of total nitrogen, the concentration of total pity, and the comprehensive index of BOD and water, so that the water body meets the requirements of the preset management objectives.
  • the specific water quality item refers to heavy metal content such as lead, mercury, chromium, arsenic, and the like.
  • the discharge of the general sewage treatment device 212 is controlled by the first management control module 22, and when the monitoring items of the water body treated by the general sewage treatment device 212 and the comprehensive indicators of the water body meet the prescribed preset management objectives, the first The management control module 223 issues an instruction to control the water body to be discharged to the special sewage treatment device 211 or to the protected downstream water; otherwise, the water body is controlled to return to the general sewage treatment device 212 again for processing until the comprehensiveness of each monitoring item and water body.
  • the indicator meets the preset management objectives.
  • the data for each monitoring project was monitored by a monitoring instrument for the degradation of the domestic pollution project set at the exit of the general sewage treatment facility 212.
  • the monitoring items of the life pollution project degradation process monitor include: PH, transparency, conductivity, concentration of chlorophyll A, concentration of ammonia nitrogen, concentration of pity, concentration of COD, concentration of total nitrogen, concentration of total pity, BOD, and the like.
  • the preset management targets of these monitoring items can be set, stored and sent to the quality processing system 2 by the management system through the management system 3 for storage to the first storage device 223.
  • the life pollution project can also be changed according to the settings.
  • the plurality of general sewage treatment devices 212 and the special sewage treatment devices 211 of the sewage treatment module 21 may be operated in parallel, or may be predicted by the first management control module 22 according to the predicted amount of water quantity and water quality and the current status of each sewage treatment module 21.
  • the processing capability controls the sewage treatment module 21 to operate in an optimized mode of the corresponding strategy.
  • the optimized mode of the corresponding strategy refers to the parallel or series relationship of the general sewage treatment device 212 and the special sewage treatment device 211. For example, according to the predicted amount of water and water quality, and the current processing capacity of the sewage treatment module 21, five general sewage treatment devices and five special sewage treatment devices are connected in parallel, and other general sewage treatment devices and special sewage treatment devices. In series.
  • the predicted amount of water quantity and water quality is predicted by the discharge and processing strategy computing device 114 of the mass separation system 1 and sent by the second data transmission device 116 to the mass separation processing system 2.
  • the series or parallel connection of the general sewage treatment device 212 and the special sewage treatment device 211 can be achieved by controlling the inlet gate and/or the drainage gate of the general sewage treatment device 212 and the special sewage treatment device 211.
  • the second water quality monitoring instrument group at the outlet of the general sewage treatment device 212 is fixed at a fixed frequency
  • the first monitoring data acquiring means 222 of the first management control module 22 acquires the monitoring data and transmits the monitoring data to the management system 3 through the first data transmitting means 227 for processing and storage by the management system 3.
  • the third water quality monitoring instrument group set in the outlet of the special sewage treatment device periodically monitors the processed water quality item, and the first monitoring data acquiring device 222 of the first management control module 22 acquires the monitoring data and passes the monitoring data through the first data transmission device.
  • the 227 is sent to the management system 3 for processing and storage by the management system 3.
  • the first comparing device 224 determines whether the water quality and the comprehensive index of the water body meet the preset management target according to the monitoring data, and if yes, the special sewage treatment device 211 is controlled by the driving device 226 to discharge the water body to the protected water area downstream, otherwise The special sewage treatment device 211 is controlled to reprocess the water body. Further, in order to remind the manager that the first control device 228 controls the second alarm device 229 to issue an alarm when the special sewage treatment device 211 is required to be reprocessed.
  • the first management control module 22 opens the intake gate of the sufficient sewage treatment module 21 according to the water quantity on-demand instruction; in an abnormal state, the management system 3 can issue the remote command to the first A management control module 22, the first management control module 22 can control all the water inlet gates and the water outlet gates of the sewage treatment module 21 to open, so that the water body is quickly discharged to the downstream waters.
  • the abnormal state in the abnormal state, it refers to a state in which an emergency such as an extreme flood discharge request is sudden.
  • the third party information platform can transmit information such as extreme flood discharge to the management system 3.
  • the management system 3 issues a remote command to the quality processing system 2 to enable all of them to be opened before the flood arrives.
  • the gate is flooded.
  • the quality discharge system 1 performs the mass discharge, so that the water body that does not meet the preset management target is discharged to the quality processing system 2 .
  • the quality processing system 2 controls the parameters such as water quantity, degradation time, water depth and area according to the water quality data of the water body.
  • the mass separation processing system 2 controls the parameters such as water quantity, degradation time, water depth and area by controlling the opening time of the degrading tank 23, the sewage inlet module 21, and the opening time and opening size of the discharge gate.
  • the threshold of the corresponding single factor in the first management control module 22 determines whether the eutrophication index of the water body and the comprehensive pollution index of the water body conform to the standard based on the monitoring data. If the standard is met, the treated water body is discharged to the protected water area, and if it does not meet the standard, the water body is processed. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first management control module 22 sets the strategy, feedback, and adjusts the identification threshold of the quality processing according to the critical value requirement of the comprehensive index of the water body to satisfy the eutrophication index of the protected water area. And water quality comprehensive pollution index requirements.
  • the management system 3 includes a host computer 30, a central computer 32, and a server 31 that implements interaction between the host computer 30 and the central computer 32.
  • the server 31 is communicatively coupled to the host computer 30, and the server 31 is communicatively coupled to the central computer 32.
  • the server 31 is communicably connected with the second management control module 11 of the quality discharge system 1 and the first management control module 22 of the quality separation processing system 2 to obtain uploaded information of the quality discharge system 1 and the quality processing system 2. .
  • the server 31 transmits the acquired information to the host computer 30 or the central computer 32.
  • the central computer 32 and the host computer 30 are configured to generate a remote command according to the information transmitted by the server 31, the third party information from the third party information platform or a preset threshold, and send the remote command to the server 31, and the server 31 sends the remote command to the server.
  • the remote command includes: whether to adjust the emission and treatment strategy of the quality system, whether to adjust the threshold of each item of the mass emission system and the quality processing system, the frequency of monitoring or the instructions for monitoring the project.
  • the host computer 30 is also used to process, display and store the information.
  • the third-party information platform is configured to send third-party information to the upper computer.
  • the third party information includes at least one of the following information:
  • the host computer 30 receives the frequency of the information sent by the server 31 (the information is transmitted by the first data transmission device and the second data transmission device), and the respective items in the preset management target.
  • the host computer 30 remotely operates the conditions of the mass separation system 1 and/or the mass separation processing system 2.
  • the upper computer 30 performs corresponding setting according to the third party information and generates a remote command; the upper computer 30 remotely operates the mass separation system 1 when the conditions for allowing the remote operation of the mass discharge system 1 and/or the mass separation system 2 are satisfied. And / or quality discharge system 2.
  • the remote operation quality discharge system 1 is executed by the upper machine 30
  • the second management control module 11 performs the operations.
  • the remote operation quality processing system 2 is an operation performed by the host computer 30 to execute the first management control module 22.
  • the central computer 32 can be operated by the host computer 30.
  • a plurality of upper machines 30 control a plurality of the mass discharge systems 1 and the mass separation processing system 2
  • one of the plurality of upper machines 30 can be used as the central computer 32 to simultaneously manage the plurality of upper machines 30,
  • the host computer 30 communicates with the central computer 32.
  • the central computer 32 can be controlled by the upper management department, and the upper computer 30 is controlled by the lower management department.
  • the central computer 32 can be used to view the operational data of the entire system and to form the required management strategy; in the extreme case, the quality discharge system 1 and the quality processing system 2 can also be directly operated by the server 31.
  • the central computer 5 can directly control the quality discharge system 1 and the quality treatment.
  • System 2 It should be understood that information about the special circumstances of the current waters or adjacent waters may be sent to the management system 3 through a third party information platform.
  • the management system 3 acquires information through the third-party information platform to control the mass-discharge system 1 and the mass separation processing system 2 in an abnormal state (a special situation in the current water area or adjacent waters, etc.), so that the water pollution treatment of the embodiment of the present invention
  • the system can adaptively adjust the quality of the discharge and the quality of the treatment according to the change of the state of the water.
  • the third-party information platform can be controlled by the top management to send information to the management system 3.
  • the server 31 obtains the water quality, hydrology, working environment, gate state, water quality of the next time period, predicted value of the hydrology, emission policy of the next time period, and threshold data of the monitoring item from the quality discharge system 1 and processes the quality from the quality System 2 acquires monitoring data of the first water quality monitoring instrument group, the second water quality monitoring instrument group, and the third water quality monitoring instrument group.
  • the server 31 transmits the data acquired from the quality discharge system 1 and the quality processing system 2 to the host computer 30.
  • the host computer 30 confirms whether or not to adjust the emission policy based on the data, whether to correct the threshold value, and generates a remote command by the confirmation result and transmits it to the quality discharge system 1 through the server 31, and generates a process for the quality separation processing system 2 based on the data.
  • the remote control command of the process is sent to the quality processing system 2 through the server 31.
  • the quality discharge system 1 when the quality discharge system 1 needs to adjust the emission policy of the next time period or adjust the threshold of the monitoring item, it is necessary to send an adjustment request to the management system 3, if the management system 3 does not make feedback or issue an instruction to allow adjustment. , the mass emission system 1 adjusts the emission strategy or adjustment of the next period The threshold of the entire monitoring project.
  • the host computer 30 includes: a communication module 301 that interacts with the server 31, a data receiving module 302 for receiving data transmitted by the server 31, and a remote command management control module 303 for generating a remote command based on the received data.
  • the server 31 transmits the monitoring data uploaded by the mass discharge system 1 and the quality processing system 2 to the central computer 32 and the host computer 30, and the instructions of the central computer 32 are respectively transmitted to the mass separation system 1 and the mass separation processing system 2, respectively.
  • the instruction execution status is fed back to the central computer 5, and the processing and operation strategy of the quality processing system 2 and the flow process of the water body in the mass separation processing system 2 are adjusted according to the determined emission and processing strategies, so that the quality processing system 2 has its own Diagnostics, self-processing, and adaptive features.
  • the server 31 In addition to the two-way transmission of data for the quality discharge system 1, the separation processing system 2 and the upper computer 30, the server 31 also transmits a specific movement of the upper machine 30 and the user terminal when the quality discharge system 1 transmits a request for adjusting the emission and processing strategy.
  • the communication device and central computer 32 issue corresponding alerts.
  • FIG. 5 it is a flowchart of a water pollution prevention and control method based on a mass discharge and a mass separation process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mass-discharge system 1 can operate in an automatic operating state or a remote manual operating state depending on the settings.
  • the relevant management departments need to intervene.
  • the quality discharge system 1 is switched to the remote manual operation state by the management system 1, and the management system 1 performs the operation of the corresponding quality discharge.
  • the water pollution prevention and control method based on the mass discharge and the separation treatment includes the following steps:
  • different quality discharge systems 1 have respective identification IDs, and the management system 3 is provided with and stores related monitoring items, monitoring frequencies, and corresponding monitoring items corresponding to each of the quality discharge systems 1.
  • the default management target threshold is provided.
  • the quality discharge system acquires online hierarchical monitoring data of the current water body of the target monitoring point at a preset fixed frequency.
  • the monitoring data includes primary water quality monitoring data monitored by the primary water quality monitoring instrument group of the online classified water quality monitoring instrument group 101, hydrological monitoring data monitored by the hydrological monitoring instrument group 102, and the working environment monitoring instrument group 103.
  • the quality discharge system compares the current monitoring data of the obtained water body with the preset management target, and performs the quality discharge of the water body in the waters of the jurisdiction according to the comparison result.
  • the quality processing system accepts and processes water bodies discharged by the quality discharge system that do not meet the preset management objectives.
  • the quality discharge system 1 manages the secondary and tertiary levels of the online grading water quality monitoring instrument group 101 according to the principle of grading monitoring and grading identification and performs the grading discharge; and simultaneously transmits the monitoring data to the server of the management system 1.
  • the step S2 further includes:
  • the quality discharge system reads the water quality data and the hydrological data of the preset point upstream of the target monitoring point at a preset fixed frequency, and predicts the water quality and the amount of water after the specified time period according to the water quality data and the hydrological data of the upstream preset point. And determining whether the next period of the specified time period adjusts the emission and processing strategy; if the emission and processing strategy needs to be adjusted, issuing a request to the management system;
  • the first management control module After making a request to the management system, if the feedback from the management system is not received after the preset time has elapsed, the emission and processing strategies are switched, and the adjusted emission and treatment strategies are used to perform the discharge and the quality of the system.
  • the first management control module sends emission and processing policy adjustment information
  • the step S2 further includes:
  • the S2-mass emission system acquires the monitoring data of the target monitoring point at a preset fixed frequency, calculates the eutrophication index and the comprehensive pollution index of the current water body based on the monitoring data, and determines whether the preset threshold of the monitoring item needs to be adjusted and determines the adjustment. Threshold, and send a threshold adjustment request to the management system and adjust or maintain the threshold according to a remote command of the management system;
  • the emission and treatment strategy includes: performing emission by water quality identification result, performing emission by water quantity identification result; performing emission by water quantity identification result when water quantity predicted value reaches a set threshold; if water quantity prediction value is less than specified At the threshold, the discharge is performed with the water quality identification result;
  • Emissions and treatment strategies that implement emissions by water quality identification results include general pollution emissions and treatment Strategies, specific pollution emissions and treatment strategies; general pollution discharge and treatment strategies include normal pollution discharge and treatment strategies, sudden heavy pollution emissions and treatment strategies.
  • the step S2 further includes: S2-3.
  • the quality discharge system sends at least one of the following information to the management system: opening and closing of the monitoring data and the door (the gate of the water flow control execution module 12) The status, the predicted next time period emissions and processing strategy, the thresholds for the items, the emissions and processing policy adjustment request, and the threshold adjustment request.
  • the step S2 further includes: the quality discharge system setting a monitoring item, a threshold of each monitoring item, a monitoring frequency, or adjusting an emission and processing strategy according to the received remote command sent by the management system.
  • the method further includes: designating a target point in the upstream water area of the target monitoring point as a preset point, and setting a hydrological monitoring instrument group and a water quality monitoring instrument group at the preset point to monitor hydrology upstream of the target monitoring point Data and water quality data.
  • the second monitoring data acquiring device 111 of the second management control module 11 of the mass separation system 1 is further configured to acquire monitoring data of the hydrological monitoring instrument group and the water quality monitoring instrument group of the upstream preset point.
  • the emission strategy in step S2-1 includes: performing emission by the water quality identification result, and performing emission by the water quantity identification result.
  • the discharge should be prioritized by the water quantity.
  • the water quality identification result is preferred.
  • general pollution discharge strategies include normal pollution emission strategies and sudden heavy pollution emission strategies. Thresholds defining the amount of water and water quality of various strategies are stored in the second storage means 113 of the second management control module 11 of the quality discharge system 1.
  • the quality discharge system 1 performs the discharge discharge by discharging the sewage through the discharge gate to the mass separation treatment system 2, and discharging the water meeting the preset management target to the protected water area through the discharge door.
  • step S3 in the water pollution prevention and control method based on the mass discharge and the separation treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. If the emissions and treatment strategy of the quality discharge system 1 is to perform emissions in a specific pollution emission strategy, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
  • the first management control module controls the degradation pool to discharge the current water body to the general sewage treatment Device
  • the first management control module periodically acquires water quality monitoring data of the treated water body monitored by the water quality monitoring instrument group set at the exit of the general sewage treatment device, and if the preset management target is met, step S3-13 is performed. Otherwise continue to be treated in a general sewage treatment plant;
  • the first management control module periodically determines whether the comprehensive index of the water body meets the preset management target, and if yes, executes S3-15; otherwise, performs step S3-14;
  • step S3-14 the first management control module according to the preset plan, prolonging the water treatment time of the general sewage treatment device and/or improving the influence parameter of the water quality state, and performing step S3-13;
  • the first management control module controls the general sewage treatment device to discharge the water body to the special sewage treatment device, and regularly obtains the monitoring data of the water quality monitoring instrument group at the exit of the special sewage treatment device, if the specific pollution item has been processed Degradation to meet the preset management objectives, then perform S3-16, otherwise continue to be treated in the special sewage treatment device;
  • the first management control module controls the special sewage treatment device to directly drain the water body to the protected water area;
  • the influence parameters of the water quality state include: water quantity, water depth, water temperature or area; the comprehensive index of the water body includes an eutrophication index and a water quality comprehensive pollution index; and the specific pollution item includes a heavy metal content.
  • step S3 in the water pollution prevention and control method based on the mass discharge and the separation treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. If the emissions and treatment strategy of the quality discharge system 1 is to perform emissions in accordance with a general pollution discharge strategy, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
  • the first management control module determines the emission and treatment strategy of the quality discharge system, if it is a normal pollution emission strategy, step S3-22 is performed, and if it is a sudden heavy pollution emission strategy, step S3-32 is performed;
  • the first management control module periodically acquires and identifies the monitoring data of the water quality monitoring instrument group set at the outlet of the degradation pool, and if the recognition result is that the water quality meets the preset management target, a driving instruction is issued to directly discharge the water body to the downstream protected waters. Otherwise, the instruction to open the inlet gate of the general sewage treatment device will discharge the current water body to the general sewage treatment device, and perform step S3-23;
  • the first management control module obtains the water quality monitoring set at the exit of the general sewage treatment device.
  • the instrument group monitors the water quality data, and when the life pollution item in the water quality data degrades to meet the preset management target, step S3-24 is performed;
  • the first management control module determines whether the comprehensive index of the water body meets the preset management target. If yes, step S3-26 is performed; otherwise, step S3-25 is performed;
  • the first management control module extends the water treatment time of the general sewage treatment device and/or the influence parameter of the water quality state according to the preset plan, and performs step S3-24;
  • the first management control module controls the general sewage treatment device to directly discharge the water body to the protected water area downstream;
  • the first management control module periodically acquires and identifies the monitoring data of the water quality monitoring instrument group set at the outlet of the degradation pool. If the recognition result is that the water body is heavily polluted, one or more general sewage is started according to the total pollution instruction. Processing the device; and controlling the degradation pool to discharge the current water body to one or more general sewage treatment devices that are opened, and separately obtaining monitoring data of the water quality monitoring instrument group disposed at the exit of each general sewage treatment device, when the living body of the water body is polluted When the project is degraded to meet the preset management target, step S3-33 is performed;
  • the first management control module determines whether the comprehensive index of the water body processed by the one or more general sewage treatment devices meets the preset management target, and if yes, performs step S3-35; otherwise, performs step S3. -34;
  • the first management control module extends the water treatment time of the general sewage treatment device and/or the influence parameter of the water quality state according to the preset plan, and performs steps S3-33;
  • the first management control module controls one or more general sewage treatment devices to directly discharge the water body to the protected waters downstream.
  • the comprehensive indicators of the water body include an eutrophication index and a water quality comprehensive pollution index;
  • the influence parameters of the water quality state include: water quantity, water depth, water temperature or area;
  • the living pollution items include pH, transparency, electrical conductivity, concentration of chlorophyll A, concentration of ammonia nitrogen, concentration of pity, COD, concentration of total nitrogen, concentration of total pity, BOD, and the like.
  • the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
  • the first management control module controls the sewage storage tank to receive and store the mass separation system and lose The water body is sent, and the various gates of the degradation tank, the general sewage treatment device and the special sewage treatment device are controlled to open the water body to the downstream waters.
  • a single water quality factor of the water body may have met the water quality standard, but is affected by changes in other physical quantities and biological factors, such as temperature and transparency. , chlorophyll A and other comprehensive indicators of water bodies do not meet the standard. Therefore, judging whether the comprehensive index of the water body meets the standard enables the water body treated by the quality processing system 2 to be completely discharged into the protected water area in accordance with the preset management target.
  • the server 31 in the management system 3 uploads the monitoring data sent by the quality discharge system 1 to the upper computer 30 to form a required management document, and will adjust the policy of receiving the quality discharge system 1.
  • the request also uploads an alarm message to a designated terminal device (for example, a mobile phone terminal). If the manager approves the request, no operation is required, and the quality discharge system 1 does not receive the feedback information of the management system 3 after waiting for a preset period of time, and the policy adjustment is automatically started; if the manager does not approve the request, The cancellation command is sent to the quality discharge system 1 by the host computer 30 to remotely cancel the request.
  • the server 31 determines the opening time and opening of the outlet gate of the sewage storage tank 20 and the degradation pool 23 in the mass separation processing system 2 based on the predicted data uploaded by the quality discharge system 1. The size, and the number of open sewage treatment modules 21 are determined.
  • the monitoring data of each monitoring instrument group disposed in each of the degradation pool 23, the general sewage treatment device, and the special sewage treatment device in the mass separation processing system 2 is periodically uploaded to the server 31 by the first management control module 22, and the server 31 passes the calculation, After identification, it is transmitted to the host computer 30.
  • the upper computer 30 issues corresponding execution instructions to the respective doors of the general sewage treatment device and the special sewage treatment device, and stores the state data of each door after the execution of the instruction.
  • the operating frequency of each monitoring instrument group can be adjusted according to different emission strategies.
  • the first management control module 22 and the second management control module 11 may be served by hardware entities having functions of data processing, communication functions, data storage, and the like (for example)
  • it can be a computer, a host computer, etc.
  • the first comparing means, the first controlling means, and the driving means may be operated by a processor of a hardware entity such as a computer to perform a corresponding function.
  • the second comparing means, the discharging and processing strategy computing means, the second controlling means and the water discharging driving means may be acted upon by a processor of a hardware entity such as a computer to perform a corresponding function.
  • Both the first storage device and the second storage device may be operated by a memory chip or the like.
  • the first alarm device and the second alarm device may be operated by a speaker or the like.
  • the first monitoring data acquiring device and the second monitoring data acquiring device may each be operated by a hardware entity such as a data acquisition chip or a data acquisition card.
  • the data transmission manners of the first data transmission device 227 and the second data transmission device 116 may be transmitted through a computer communication network, a wireless communication network (GSM, 3G, 4G, etc.), etc., which may be performed by a wireless data transmission chip and a communication interface circuit. Waiting to act.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • the water pollution prevention and control method based on the decentralized emission and quality treatment in the embodiment of the invention can realize the water body quality discharge and quality treatment of the waters in the jurisdiction water zone that do not meet the preset management objectives; and can automatically monitor and identify the water quality in real time online
  • the amount of water can be automatically diagnosed and self-treated according to the monitoring and identification results of water quality and quantity, and then distributed and processed, and the quality of the water quality and quantity can be adjusted according to the monitoring and identification results of water quality and quantity.

Abstract

一种基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统,包括设置在管辖区水域内的分质排放系统(1);设置在分质排放系统(1)下游水域的分质处理系统(2);分别与分质排放系统(1)和分质处理系统(2)双向连接的管理系统(3)。还公开了一种基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法。该系统能在线实时自动监测和识别水质和水量,并能依据水质和水量的监测和识别结果进行自动诊断和自行处理后进行分质排放,实施分质处理。

Description

基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及水污染治理领域, 更具体地说, 涉及一种实现对河流、 水库、 湖泊雨污混流管网兼顾防洪的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统及 方法。 背景技术
目前,对地表水,尤其是对雨污混流管网水流进行分质排放是一种防止污 水污染城市河流、 水库、 湖泊的有效手段。 当管网水流水质符合城市河流、 水 库、 湖泊的管理和功能标准时, 将其排放入河流、 水库或湖泊, 否则将其排放 入污水处理工厂。
现有技术中虽然实现了对管网水流的在线分级监测、识别, 并可依据在线 的监测数据快速自动的执行分质排放,以及实现管理部门对相关的水流控制执 行装置的远程控制。
但是, 现有技术还存在如下缺陷:
( 1 ) 不能实现对污染物的分质处理;
(2 ) 不能根据水质和水文监测结果进行自动诊断和自行处理后进行分质 排放;
( 3 ) 不能根据水量和水质变化自适应调整排放和处理策略;
(4 ) 没有形成受控、 在线和实时的智能型水污染治理系统。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于,针对现有技术的上述缺陷, 提供一种基于 分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统及方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:构造一种基于分质排放和分 质处理的水污染防治系统, 包括设置在管辖区水域内的分质排放系统、设置在 分质排放系统下游的分质处理系统、以及分别与所述分质排放系统和分质处理 系统双向连接的管理系统;
所述分质排放系统用于对管辖区水域水体进行在线分级监测,将在线分级 监测的监测数据和预设管理目标进行比较,并根据比较结果对管辖区水域的水 体进行分质排放;
所述分质处理系统用于根据所述分质排放系统排放的不符合预设管理目 标的水体的水质对水体进行分质处理,并将经分质处理后水质符合预设管理目 标的水体排放到下游被保护水域;
所述管理系统用于监控所述分质排放系统的排放过程和监控所述分质处 理系统的处理过程。
优选的, 所述分质处理系统包括: 污水调蓄池、 降解池和污水处理模块; 所述污水处理模块由一个或若干个串联和 /或并联在一起的一般性污水处 理装置和特殊性污水处理装置组成;
所述污水调蓄池、降解池、一般性污水处理装置和特殊性污水处理装置均 设置有进水间门和排污间门,且所述降解池、一般性污水处理装置和特殊性污 水处理装置还均设置有排水间门;所述排水间门用于将水质符合预设管理目标 的水体排放到下游被保护水域;
所述分质排放系统排放的水体通过所述污水调蓄池的进水间门流入所述 污水调蓄池以对水体进行存储;所述污水调蓄池存储的水体通过所述污水调蓄 池的排污闸门和所述降解池的进水闸门排放到所述降解池以对水体进行降解; 降解后的水体通过所述降解池的排水间门排放到下游被保护水域,或通过所述 降解池的排污间门和所述一般性污水处理装置的进水间门排放到所述一般性 污水处理装置以进行处理;经处理后的水体通过所述一般性污水处理装置的排 水闸门排放到下游被保护水域,或通过所述一般性污水处理装置的排污间门和 所述特殊性污水处理装置的进水间门排放到所述特殊性污水处理装置以进行 处理;经处理后的水体通过所述特殊性污水处理装置的排水间门排放到下游被 保护水域;
所述一般性污水处理装置用于使水体的生活污染项目和水体的综合性指 标降低到符合预设管理目标; 所述生活污染项目包括: PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A的浓度、 氨氮的浓度、 憐的浓度、 COD、 总氮的浓度、 总憐的浓度 禾口 BOD;
所述特殊性污水处理装置用于将水体的重金属含量降低到符合预设管理 目标;
所述水体的综合性指标包括富营养化指数、 水质综合污染指数。
优选的, 所述分质处理系统还包括: 第一管理控制模块; 所述第一管理控 制模块包括: 第一监测数据获取装置、 第一比较装置、 第一控制装置、 驱动装 置、 第一存储装置和第一数据传输装置;
所述第一监测数据获取装置, 用于按设定频率获取监测设备的监测数据; 所述监测设备包括设置在所述降解池出口的第一水质监测仪器群、设置在所述 一般性污水处理装置出口的第二水质监测仪器群和设置在所述特殊性污水处 理装置出口的第三水质监测仪器群;所述监测数据包括分别从所述第一水质监 测仪器群、 第二水质监测仪器群和第三水质监测仪器群获取的第一监测数据、 第二监测数据和第三监测数据;
第一比较装置, 用于分别将所述第一监测数据、第二监测数据和第三监测 数据和预设管理目标进行比较, 以分别获得第一比较结果、第二比较结果和第 三比较结果;
第一控制装置, 用于分别根据所述第一比较结果、第二比较结果和第三比 较结果输出第一控制指令、 第二控制指令和第三控制指令;
驱动装置,用于根据所述第一控制指令控制所述降解池的排污闸门及所述 一般性污水处理装置的进水闸门的开闭状态或控制所述降解池的排水闸门的 开闭状态,根据所述第二控制指令控制所述一般性污水处理装置的排污间门及 所述特殊性污水处理装置的进水间门的开闭状态或控制所述一般性污水处理 装置的排水闸门的开闭状态,根据所述第三控制指令控制所述特殊性污水处理 装置的排水闸门的开闭状态;
第一存储装置, 用于存储所述监测数据、所述比较结果和所述闸门的开闭 状态; 第一数据传输装置, 用于将所述监测数据、所述闸门的开闭状态发送给所 述管理系统。
优选的,所述第一数据传输装置还用于接收管理系统的远程指令并将所述 远程指令传输给所述第一控制模块;
所述第一控制模块还用于根据所述远程指令输出第四控制指令; 驱动装置还用于根据所述第四控制指令控制所述污水调蓄池、降解池、一 般性污水处理装置和特殊性污水处理装置的间门的开闭状态。
优选的,所述第一数据传输装置还用于接收所述分质排放系统发送的信息 并将所述信息传输给所述第一控制模块;
所述第一控制模块还用于根据所述信息和所述监测数据输出第五控制指 令;
所述驱动装置还用于根据所述第五控制指令控制所述污水调蓄池、 降解 池、 一般性污水处理装置和特殊性污水处理装置的间门的开闭状态;
所述分质排放系统发送的信息包括:所述分质排放系统下一时段的排放和 处理策略。
优选的,所述分质排放系统包括监测模块、水流控制执行模块和第二管理 控制模块;
所述监测模块包括用于监测水质数据的在线分级水质监测仪器群、用于监 测水文数据的水文监测仪器群、用于监测工作环境信息的工作环境监测仪器群 以及用于监测水体流速的水体流速监测仪器群;
所述水流控制执行模块包括用于进行信号接收和处理并发出控制信号的 控制柜、用于排放水质符合预设管理目标的水体的排水闸门、用于排放水质不 符合预设管理目标的排污闸门以及用于根据控制柜的控制信号驱动排水闸门 和排污闸门的驱动电机;
所述第二管理控制模块包括: 第二监测数据获取装置、第二比较装置、第 二存储装置、 水流排放驱动装置、第二数据传输装置、排放和处理策略运算装 置、 阈值运算装置和第二控制装置;
其中,所述第二监测数据获取装置用于以预设频率从所述监测模块获取监 测数据;
所述第二比较装置用于将监测数据与预设管理目标进行比较;
所述排放和处理策略运算装置用于根据监测数据预测下一时段的排放和 处理策略, 并将所述预测的排放和处理策略和当前的排放和处理策略进行比 较;
所述阈值运算装置用于根据监测数据计算水体的富营养化指数和综合污 染指数,并根据计算出的水体的富营养化指数和综合污染指数重新设定预设管 理目标中各项目的阈值;
所述第二控制装置用于根据所述第二比较装置的比较结果产生驱动控制 指令,根据所述排放和处理策略运算装置的比较结果产生排放和处理策略调整 请求, 根据所述阈值运算装置的计算结果产生阈值调整请求;
所述水流排放驱动装置用于根据所述驱动控制指令控制所述水流控制执 行模块闸门开闭状态;
所述第二数据传输装置用于将以下信息的至少一种信息发送给所述管理 系统: 所述监测数据、所述闸门的开闭状态、所述预测的下一时段的排放和处 理策略、 所述各项目的阈值、 排放和处理策略调整请求和阈值调整请求; 第二存储装置用于存储所述监测数据、所述比较结果、所述闸门的开闭状 态、 所述预测的下一时段的排放和处理策略和所述各项目的阈值。
优选的,所述第二数据传输装置还用于接收所述管理系统的远程指令并传 送给所述第二控制模块;
所述第二控制模块还用于根据所述远程指令产生指令以控制所述监测模 块调整监测项目、 各监测项目的阈值、 监测频率或调整排放和处理策略; 所述调整排放和处理策略是通过水流排放驱动装置根据第二控制模块的 指令驱动水流控制执行模块闸门的开闭状态实现的;
所述第二数据传输装置还用于将所述预测的下一时段的排放和处理策略 发送给所述分质处理系统。
优选的, 所述管理系统包括上位机和服务器;
所述服务器分别与所述分质排放系统中的第二管理控制模块和所述分质 处理系统中的第一管理控制模块通信连接; 所述服务器与上位机通信连接; 所述服务器用于获取所述第一数据传输装置和第二数据传输装置发送的 信息, 并将所述信息发送给所述上位机;
所述上位机根据所述信息或来自第三方信息平台的第三方信息产生远程 指令并通过所述服务器发送给所述第一数据传输装置和 /或第二数据传输装 置;
所述远程指令包括: 是否调整分质排放系统的排放和处理策略的指令、是 否调整分质排放系统和分质处理系统的各项目的阈值的指令、监测频率或监测 项目的指令;
所述上位机还用于将所述信息进行处理、 显示和存储。
优选的, 所述第三方信息平台用于发送第三方信息给所述上位机; 所述第三方信息包括以下信息中的至少一种:所述上位机接收所述服务器 发送的包括所述第一数据传输装置和第二数据传输装置发送的信息的频率、预 设管理目标中各个项目的预设阈值、预设的排放和处理策略、允许分质排放系 统调整排放和处理策略的条件、 允许分质排放系统和 /或分质处理系统调整各 项目的阈值的条件、 允许所述上位机远程操作所述分质排放系统和 /或分质处 理系统的条件;
所述上位机根据所述第三方信息进行相应的设置以及产生所述远程指令; 所述上位机在所述允许远程操作所述分质排放系统的条件满足时,远程操 作所述分质排放系统;
所述远程操作所述分质排放系统包括所述上位机执行所述第二管理控制 模块执行的操作;
远程操作分质处理系统包括所述上位机执行第一管理控制模块执行的操 作。
一种基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法, 包括以下步骤: so、 在管辖水域设置目标监控点, 在目标监控点设置分质排放系统, 在 分质排放系统下游设置分质处理系统; 将分质排放系统与管理系统双向连接, 将分质处理系统与管理系统双向连接; 51、 分质排放系统以预设的固定频率获取所述目标监控点的当前水体的 在线分级监测数据;
52、 分质排放系统将获取的当前水体的监测数据和预设管理目标进行比 较, 并根据比较结果对管辖区水域的水体进行分质排放;
53、 分质处理系统接纳并处理由分质排放系统排放的不符合预设管理目 标的水体。
优选的, 所述步骤 S1中, 所述监测数据包括: 当前水体的水质监测数据、 水文监测数据、 工作环境监测数据和水体流速监测数据。
优选的, 所述步骤 S2还包括:
分质排放系统以预设的固定频率读取目标监控点上游预设点的水质数据 和水文数据, 并根据所述上游预设点的水质数据和水文数据, 预测指定时段后 的水质和水量, 并判断所述指定时段的下一时段是否调整排放和处理策略; 若 需要调整排放和处理策略, 则向管理系统发出请求;
向管理系统发出请求后, 若在预设时间到后, 没有接到来自管理系统的反 馈, 则切换排放和处理策略, 并向分质处理系统的第一管理控制模块发送排放 和处理策略调整信息;
所述步骤 S2还包括: 分质排放系统以预设的固定频率获取目标监控点的 监测数据,根据监测数据计算当前水体的富营养化指数和综合污染指数并确定 是否需要调整监测项目的预设阈值并确定调整后的阈值,并向管理系统发送阈 值调整请求以及根据管理系统的远程指令对阈值进行调整或保持所述预设阈 值;
所述排放和处理策略包括: 以水质识别结果执行排放、 以水量识别结果执 行排放; 当水量的预测值达到设定阈值时以水量识别结果执行排放; 若水量预 测值小于规定的阈值时以水质识别结果执行排放;
以水质识别结果执行排放的排放和处理策略包括一般性污染排放和处理 策略、特定污染排放和处理策略;一般性污染排放和处理策略包括正常污染排 放和处理策略、 突发性的重度污染排放和处理策略。
优选的, 所述步骤 S2还包括: 所述分质排放系统将以下信息的至少一种 信息发送给所述管理系统: 所述监测数据、 闸门的开闭状态、所述预测的下一 时段的排放和处理策略、所述各项目的阈值、排放和处理策略调整请求和阈值 调整请求;
所述步骤 S2还包括: 所述分质排放系统根据接收的所述管理系统发送的 远程指令设定监测项目、各监测项目的阈值、监测频率或调整排放和处理策略。
优选的, 所述步骤 S3具体包括以下步骤:
S3-ll、 若分质排放系统的排放和处理策略是以特定污染排放策略执行排 放, 则第一管理控制模块控制降解池将当前水体排放到一般性污水处理装置;
S3-12、 第一管理控制模块定时获取设置在一般性污水处理装置出口的水 质监测仪器群监测到的经处理后的水体的水质监测数据,若符合预设管理目标 则执行步骤 S3-13 , 否则继续在一般性污水处理装置内处理;
S3-13、 第一管理控制模块定时判断水体的综合性指标是否符合预设管理 目标, 若符合, 则开启特殊性污水处理装置 S3-15, 否则, 执行步骤 S3-14;
S3-14、 第一管理控制模块按照预设的预案, 延长一般性污水处理装置的 水体处理时间和 /或改善水质状态的影响参数, 并执行步骤 S3-13;
S3-15、 第一管理控制模块定时获取特殊性污水处理装置出口的水质监测 仪器群的监测数据, 若特定污染项目经处理已降解到符合预设管理目标, 则执 行 S3-16, 否则继续在特殊性污水处理装置内处理;
S3-16、 第一管理控制模块控制该特殊性污水处理装置将水体直接排向下 游的被保护水域;
所述水质状态的影响参数包括: 水量、 水深、 水温或面积; 所述水体的综 合性指标包括富营养化指数、水质综合污染指数; 所述特定污染项目包括重金 属含量。
优选的, 所述步骤 S3还包括以下步骤:
S3-21、 若分质排放系统的排放和处理策略是以一般性污染排放策略执行 排放, 则第一管理控制模块判断分质排放系统的排放和处理策略,若是正常污 染排放策略则执行步骤 S3-22, 若是突发性的重度污染排放策略则执行步骤 S3-32; S3-22、 第一管理控制模块定时获取并识别设置在降解池出口的水质监测 仪器群的监测数据,若识别结果为水质符合预设管理目标则发出驱动指令将水 体直接排向下游被保护水域,否则指令开启一般污水处理装置的进口闸门将当 前水体排放到一般性污水处理装置, 并执行步骤 S3-23 ;
S3-23、 第一管理控制模块获取设置在一般性污水处理装置出口的水质监 测仪器群监测到水质数据,当水质数据中的生活污染项目降解到符合预设管理 目标时, 执行步骤 S3-24;
S3-24、第一管理控制模块判断水体的综合性指标是否符合预设管理目标, 若符合, 则执行步骤 S3-26, 否则, 执行步骤 S3-25 ;
S3-25、 第一管理控制模块按照预设的预案, 延长一般性污水处理装置的 水体处理时间和 /或改善水质状态的影响参数, 并执行步骤 S3-24;
S3-26、 第一管理控制模块控制一般性污水处理装置将水体直接排向下游 的被保护水域;
S3-32、 第一管理控制模块定时获取并识别设置在降解池出口的水质监测 仪器群的监测数据, 若识别结果为水体为重度污染时, 按照污染总量指令开启 一个或多个一般性污水处理装置;并控制降解池将当前水体排放到开启的一个 或多个一般性污水处理装置,并分别获取设置在各个一般性污水处理装置出口 的水质监测仪器群的监测数据,当水体的生活污染项目降解到符合预设管理目 标时, 执行步骤 S3-33 ;
S3-33、 第一管理控制模块分别判断一个或多个一般性污水处理装置处理 后的水体的综合性指标是否符合预设管理目标, 若符合, 则执行步骤 S3-35 , 否则, 执行步骤 S3-34;
S3-34、 第一管理控制模块按照预设的预案, 延长一般性污水处理装置的 水体处理时间和 /或改善水质状态的影响参数, 并执行步骤 S3-33 ;
S3-35、 第一管理控制模块控制一个或多个一般性污水处理装置将水体直 接排向下游的被保护水域。
所述水体的综合性指标包括富营养化指数、 水质综合污染指数; 所述水质状态的影响参数包括: 水量、 水深、 水温或面积; 所述生活污染项目包括 PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A的浓度、 氨氮的 浓度、 憐的浓度、 COD、 总氮的浓度、 总憐的浓度和 BOD 。
优选的, 所述步骤 S3还包括以下步骤:
S3-4、若分质排放系统采取的排放策略是以水量识别结果执行排放, 则第 一管理控制模块控制污水调蓄池接纳并储存所述分质排放系统输送来的水体, 并控制降解池、一般性污水处理装置以及特殊性污水处理装置的各个间门开启 以使水体迅速排向下游水域。
实施本发明的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统及方法,具有以 下有益效果: 能实现对管辖区水域不符合管理目标的水体分质排放和分质处 理; 能在线实时自动监测和识别水质和水量, 并能依据水质和水量的监测和识 别结果进行自动诊断和自行处理后进行分质排放, 实施分质处理; 以及根据水 质和水量的监测和识别结果调整分质排放和分质处理策略;能按照确定的策略 自动执行分质排放和分质处理; 形成受控、在线和实时的智能型水污染防治系 统。 附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明, 附图中:
图 1 是本发明实施例的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统的结 构图;
图 2 是本发明实施例的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统的分 质排放系统的结构图;
图 3 是本发明实施例的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统的分 质处理系统的结构图;
图 4 本发明实施例的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统的管理 系统的结构图;
图 5 本发明实施例的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法的流程 图;
图 6是图 5所示的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法的步骤 S3 的详细流程图;
图 7是图 5所示的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法中步骤 S3 的详细流程图。 具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、 目的和效果有更加清楚的理解,现对照附图详 细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
参见图 1, 本发明实施例的水污染防治系统包括: 设置在管辖区水域内的 分质排放系统 1 ; 设置在分质排放系统 1下游水域的分质处理系统 2; 分别与 分质排放系统 1和分质处理系统 2双向连接的管理系统 3。
分质排放系统 1用于对管辖区水域当前水体进行在线分级监测,并对分级 监测结果进行分级识别 (例如, 对监测结果数据的获取和处理), 并将在线分 级监测的监测数据和预设管理目标进行比较,根据比较结果对管辖区水域的水 体进行分质排放,以及用于对管辖区水域下一时段的水体的水量和水质变化进 行预测, 并根据预测结果确定下一时段的分质排放策略。
分质排放系统 1 还用于根据当前水体的富营养化指数和水体综合污染指 数确定预设管理目标中各监测项目的阈值, 以及用于发送信息(例如, 分级监 测的监测数据、所述预测结果、所述排放策略、所述阈值、排放策略调整请求、 阈值调整请求等)给管理系统和分质处理系统。分质排放系统 1还用于接收管 理系统的远程指令以更新分级监测项目、对应监测项目的阈值、监测频率或调 整排放策略。
分质处理系统 2用于根据分质排放系统 1排放的不符合预设管理目标的水 体的水质对水体进行分质处理, 并排放经处理后水质符合预设管理目标的水 体, 以及用于发送信息(例如, 分质处理过程的水质监测数据)给管理系统和 接收管理系统的远程指令以调整分质处理过程。
管理系统 3用于根据所述分质排放系统 1发送的信息或来自第三方信息平 台的第三信息控制分质排放系统的分级监测的监测项目、 对应监测项目的阈 值、监测频率或排放策略, 并根据所述分质处理系统 2发送的信息或第三信息 控制分质处理系统的分质处理过程。
第三方信息平台可为设置在管辖水域上游或其他位置的监控平台。第三方 信息平台可获取到水域的突发情况(例如,突发洪水、水域发生突发性污染等) 并将突发情况信息发送给管理系统 3。
本发明实施例的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统中的管理系 统 3通过获取分质排放系统 1和分质处理系统 2的监测数据,能在线实时监测 水质、 水量等信息, 并能依据监测数据选择排放或处理策略, 以按照确定的策 略执行分质排放和分质处理;且通过管理系统 3可设置不同的管理目标的管理 阈值,例如,可根据富营养化指数或水质污染综合指数的临界值要求设定相应 的策略, 反馈并调整分质处理系统 2的分质处理识别阈值, 以满足被保护水域 的富营养化指数或水质污染综合指数要求。
在本发明的实施例中,分质排放系统 1一方面进行在线分级监测,并执行 实时分质排放, 同时与管理系统 3双向连接, 向管理系统 3传输监测数据, 并 随时准备接收和执行来自管理系统 3的各项指令。此外,分质排放系统 1还能 对下一时段的水量和水质进行预测以获得预测数据,并能根据预测数据得出分 质排放策略。其中,预测数据是分质排放系统 1根据监测获得的历史数据预测 得到。例如, 分质排放系统 1可根据历史数据建立规则, 并根据建立的规则预 测下一时段的水量和水质。此外, 预测数据还可通过其他方式获得, 例如根据 一级监测可立即获得监测数据, 并根据实时的监测数据建立图表,通过判断图 表的走势, 得到预测数据。
分质处理系统 2根据分质排放系统 1排放的水体的污染程度、水量和污染 项目以对水体进行分质处理。 分质处理系统 2 —方面接收由分质排放系统 1 输送来的水体, 同时与管理系统 3双向连接, 向管理系统 3传输监测数据并随 时接收和执行来自管理系统 3的各项指令。
在本发明的实施例中,预设管理目标是根据的管辖区水域的实际情况和水 体的处理目标进行预先设置的。例如, 预设管理目标可为使管辖区水域的水质 达到 III类标准。预设的管理目标可由管理人员通过管理系统 3进行预设或根据 实际情况进行预设或修改。管理系统 3将设定好的管理目标分别发送给分质排 放系统 1和分质处理系统 2。分排放系统 1将管理目标中各项目的标准存储在 第二存储装置 113中。分质处理系统 2将管理目标中各项目的标准存储在第一 存储装置 223。不同的管理目标中生活污染项目 (例如, PH、透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A的浓度、氨氮的浓度、憐的浓度、 COD (化学需氧量)、 总氮的浓度、 总憐的浓度和 BOD (生物需氧量) 等) 的预设标准、 特定污染项目 (例如, 重金属含量等) 的预设标准以及水体的综合性指标的预设标准不相同。
在本发明的实施例中, 预设管理目标中的各监测项目包括: PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A的浓度、 氨氮的浓度、 憐的浓度、 COD、 总氮的浓度、 总 憐的浓度、 BOD、 重金属含量、 水体的综合性指标等。 各监测项目的阈值是 与管理目标中各项目的管理标准相对应的。 例如, 若预设管理目标中设定: COD<20mg/L, 氨氮≤1.0mg/L, 憐≤0.0051^/1^, 则水质监测项目中的 COD含 量的阈值为小于或等于 20mg/L,氨氮含量的阈值为小于或等于 1.0mg/L,憐的 含量的阈值为小于或等于 0.005mg/L。
此外, 管理目标也可由第三方信息平台预设, 第三信息平台将预设的管理 系统 3发送给管理系统 3。
本发明的实施例中,预设管理目标中的水体的综合性指标包括富营养化指 数、 水质综合污染指数。
富营养化指数可按照综合营养状态指数法进行计算以获得。 水质综合污染指数可按以下公式进行计算: ρ = ^· ^, 其中, Ρ为水质 综合污染指数, G为污染物实测浓度平均值, &为污染物评价标准值(即预设 管理目标中的设定的值), n 为选取的污染物种类。 例如, 可选取总氮、 总憐 和 BOD (生物需氧量) 作为水质综合污染指数的评定项目, 则 n为 3。 并分 别获取这三者的实测浓度平均值和评价标准值后可通过上式计算得出水质综 合污染指数。 计算得到的水质综合污染指数需满足预设管理目标。
参见图 2,本发明实施例的分质排放系统 1包括监测模块 10、第二管理控 制模块 11和水流控制执行模块 12。 监测模块 10用于监测管辖水域的水质、 水量、 水体流速以及环境温度和湿度等以获得监测数据。 水流控制执行模块
12包括排放闸门和排污闸门, 用于截流、 分流或排放。 第二管理控制模块 11 用于发送所述监测数据和接收远程指令。
为了实时监测水质监测项目、水文监测项目、工作环境监测项目和水体流 速监测项目, 监测模块 10对应设有在线分级水质监测仪器群 101、 水文监测 仪器群 102、 工作环境监测仪器群 103和水体流速监测仪器群 104。
根据不同的水质监测项目对应的仪器的成本、监测时间、监测效率和是否 会造成二次污染等因素,将水质监测项目分为优先级从高到低的多个等级, 并 对应在在线分级水质监测仪器群 101 中设有相应的优先级从高到低的一级水 质监测仪器群、 二级水质监测仪器群直至 N级水质监测仪器群, 使得监测的 效率和监测的速度提高并降低成本。在线分级水质监测仪器群 101监测的水质 数据包括 PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A的浓度(或含量)、 氨氮的浓度(或 含量)、 憐的浓度 (或含量)、 COD、 总氮的浓度 (或含量)、 总憐的浓度 (或 含量)、 BOD和重金属含量等。 其中, PH、 透明度、 电导率和叶绿素 A由一 级水质监测仪器群监测获得, 氨氮、 总憐和 COD由二级水质监测仪器群监测 获得, 重金属含量由三级水质监测仪器群监测获得。
在本发明的实施例中,分质排放系统 1实行分级监测和分级识别。且由于 分质排放系统 1中的一级水质监测仪器群 10秒钟或更短的时间即进行一次监 测, 以获得一级水质监测项目 (PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A) 的监测数 据, 因此, 分质排放系统 1可实现在发现超标的污染后 10秒钟或更短的时间 内发出执行截流的指令。
水文监测仪器群 102 根据不同监测点的具体情况选择一种或多种水文监 测仪, 包括水位仪、 水温计、 流量计、 流速仪、 泥沙监测仪、 降水监测仪、 蒸 发仪等设备。
工作环境监测仪器群 103用于监测所有仪器的工作环境和仪器工作状态, 包括但不限于工作环境的温度、 湿度、 仪器耗电量、 电磁辐射量、 电平和仪器 工作稳定性。
水体流速监测仪器群 104 用于监测各个排放闸门和排污闸门附近多个点 的水体流速。
第二管理控制模块 11包括第二监测数据获取装置 111、第二比较装置 112、 第二存储装置 113、 排放和处理策略运算装置 114、 第二控制装置 115、 第二 数据传输装置 116、 水流排放驱动装置 117、 第一报警装置 118、 阈值运算装 置 119。
第二监测数据获取装置 111 用于以预设频率从所述监测模块获取监测数 据。第二比较装置 112用于将监测数据与预设管理目标进行比较。排放和处理 策略运算装置 114用于根据监测数据预测下一时段的排放和处理策略,并将所 述预测的排放和处理策略和当前的排放和处理策略进行比较。
阈值运算装置 119 用于根据监测数据计算水体的富营养化指数和综合污 染指数,并根据计算出的水体的富营养化指数和综合污染指数重新设定预设管 理目标中各项目的阈值。
第二控制装置 115 用于根据所述第二比较装置的比较结果产生驱动控制 指令,根据所述排放和处理策略运算装置的比较结果产生排放和处理策略调整 请求, 根据所述阈值运算装置的计算结果产生阈值调整请求。
水流排放驱动装置 117 用于根据所述驱动控制指令控制所述水流控制执 行模块闸门开闭状态。
第二数据传输装置 116 用于将以下信息的至少一种信息发送给所述管理 系统: 所述监测数据、所述闸门的开闭状态、所述预测的下一时段的排放和处 理策略、 所述各项目的阈值、 排放和处理策略调整请求和阈值调整请求。
第二存储装置 113用于存储所述监测数据、所述比较结果、所述闸门的开 闭状态、 所述预测的下一时段的排放和处理策略和所述各项目的阈值。
其中, 预设的对应阈值是存储在第二存储装置 113 中的。 第二存储装置 113还用于存储管辖水域的地形地貌数据, 该地形地貌数据可为第二管理控制 模块 11确定排放策略及监测项目的阈值提供进一步的依据。
当第二比较装置 112将在线分级水质监测仪器群 101的监测结果与对应的 设定阈值比较, 得到满足要求的比较结果时, 由第二控制装置 115启动在线分 级水质监测仪器群 101的下一级水质监测仪器群执行监测;若得不到满足要求 的比较结果时, 由第二控制装置 115驱动水流排放驱动装置 117以控制水流控 制执行模块 12打开排污闸门、关闭排放闸门。当在线分级水质监测仪器群 101 的所有监测结果与对应的设定阈值相比较, 均得到满足要求的结果时, 由第二 控制装置 115驱动水流排放驱动装置 117以控制水流控制执行模块 12关闭排 污闸门、 打开排放闸门。
阈值运算装置 119 根据水体的富营养化指数和综合污染指数确定监测项 目的阈值。其中,确定监测项目的阈值包括确定是否需要修正监测项目的预设 阈值和阈值的修正值。 并将阈值修正的请求发送到管理系统 3, 并根据管理系 统 3的反馈, 调整阈值或保持原有的预设阈值。
若第二控制装置 115的判断结果为需要调整排放和处理策略,则通过第二 数据传输装置 116向管理系统 3发出请求。当向管理系统 3发出排放策略调整 请求时, 第一报警装置 118发出报警。 向管理系统 3发出请求后, 若在预设时 间到后, 没有接到来自管理系统 3的反馈, 则切换排放策略, 以调整后的排放 策略进行分质排放。排放策略包括: 以水质识别结果执行排放、 以水量识别结 果执行排放。 当水量的预测值达到设定阈值时, 排放以水量识别结果为依据。 当水量的预测值小于设定阈值时, 排放以水质识别结果为依据。其中, 以水质 识别结果为依据的排放策略包括: 一般性污染排放策略和特定污染排放策略。 一般性污染排放策略包括正常污染排放策略和突发性的重度污染排放策略。在 存储模块 113中存储了界定各种策略的水量和水质的阈值。
水流控制执行模块 12包括用于进行信号接收和处理并发出控制信号的控 制柜、用于排放符合预设管理目标的水体的排水闸门、用于排放不符合预设管 理目标的排污闸门和用于根据控制柜的控制信号驱动排水闸门和排污闸门的 驱动电机。
从水流控制执行模块 12的排污闸门排出的污水水体进入分质处理系统 2, 由分质处理系统 2进行处理。分质处理系统 2根据分质排放系统 1排放的水体 的污染程度、 水量和污染项目进行自适应的分质处理。
第二数据传输装置 116还用于接收管理系统 3的远程指令并传送给第二控 制模块 115 ; 第二控制模块 115还用于根据所述远程指令产生指令以控制所述 监测模块调整监测项目、各监测项目的阈值、监测频率或调整排放和处理策略; 所述调整排放和处理策略是通过水流排放驱动装置根据第二控制模块 115 的 指令驱动水流控制执行模块 12闸门的开闭状态实现的。 当分质排放系统调整 排放和处理策略时,第二控制模块 115通过第二数据传输装置 116向分质处理 系统 2的第一数据传输装置 227传输调整排放和处理策略的信息。
参见图 3, 本发明实施例的分质处理系统 2包括: 污水调蓄池 20、污水处 理模块 21、 第一管理控制模块 22和降解池 23。
污水处理模块 21由一个或若干个串联和 /或并联在一起的一般性污水处理 装置 212和特殊性污水处理装置 211组成。
污水调蓄池 20、 降解池 23、 一般性污水处理装置 212和特殊性污水处理 装置 211均设置有进水间门和排污间门, 且降解池 23、 一般性污水处理装置 212和特殊性污水处理装置 211还均设置有排水闸门。 排水闸门用于将符合预 设管理目标的水体排放到下游被保护水域。
分质排放系统 1排放的水体通过污水调蓄池 20的进水间门流入污水调蓄 池 20以对水体进行存储; 污水调蓄池 20存储的水体通过污水调蓄池 20的排 污闸门和降解池 23的进水闸门排放到降解池 23以对水体进行降解;降解后的 水体通过降解池 23的排水间门排放到下游被保护水域,或通过降解池 23的排 污闸门和一般性污水处理装置 212的进水间门排放到一般性污水处理装置 212 以进行处理;经处理后的水体通过一般性污水处理装置 212的排水间门排放到 下游被保护水域,或通过一般性污水处理装置 212的排污间门和特殊性污水处 理装置 211的进水间门排放到特殊性污水处理装置 211以进行处理;经处理后 的水体通过特殊性污水处理装置 211的排水间门排放到下游被保护水域。
污水调蓄池 20通过闸门和砾石床与降解池 23相连。 污水调蓄池 20用于 直接接纳并储存分质排放系统 1输送来的水体,并按照不同的处理策略规定的 不同水量标准向降解池 23排放。
降解池 23对水体进行降解并按照不同的处理策略规定的不同水量标准执 行分流排放, 若经过自降解后, 水体符合预设管理目标, 则通过排水间门直接 排放至下游水域; 若不符合预设管理目标, 则把的水体按处理策略要求和自降 解的程度通过排污闸门排放到相应的污水处理模块 21。
第一管理控制模块 22包括: 第一监测数据获取装置 222、 第一比较装置 224、第一控制装置 228、驱动装置 226、 第一存储装置 223和第一数据传输装 置 227。
第一监测数据获取装置 222, 用于按设定频率获取监测设备的监测数据; 在本发明的实施例中, 监测设备包括设置在降解池 23出口的第一水质监测仪 器群、设置在一般性污水处理装置 212出口的第二水质监测仪器群和设置在特 殊性污水处理装置 211出口的第三水质监测仪器群;所述监测数据包括分别从 所述第一水质监测仪器群、第二水质监测仪器群和第三水质监测仪器群获取的 第一监测数据、 第二监测数据和第三监测数据。
第一比较装置 224, 用于分别将所述第一监测数据、 第二监测数据和第三 监测数据和预设管理目标进行比较, 以分别获得第一比较结果、第二比较结果 和第三比较结果。
第一控制装置 228, 用于分别根据所述第一比较结果、 第二比较结果和第 三比较结果输出第一控制指令、 第二控制指令和第三控制指令。
驱动装置 226, 用于根据所述第一控制指令控制降解池 23的排污闸门及 一般性污水处理装置 212的进水闸门的开闭状态或控制降解池 23的排水闸门 的开闭状态,根据所述第二控制指令控制一般性污水处理装置 212的排污闸门 及特殊性污水处理装置 211 的进水间门的开闭状态或控制一般性污水处理装 置 212的排水闸门的开闭状态,根据所述第三控制指令控制特殊性污水处理装 置 211的排水闸门的开闭状态。
第一存储装置 223, 用于存储监测数据、 比较结果和所有闸门 (包括污水 调蓄池、 降解池、 一般性污水处理装置和特殊性污水处理装置的闸门) 的开闭 状态。
第一数据传输装置 227, 用于将所述监测数据、 所述闸门的开闭状态发送 给所述管理系统。第一数据传输装置 227还用于接收管理系统 3的远程指令并 将所述远程指令传输给第一控制模块 228; 第一控制模块 228还用于根据所述 远程指令输出第四控制指令;驱动装置 226还用于根据所述第四控制指令控制 污水调蓄池 20、 降解池 23、 一般性污水处理装置 212和特殊性污水处理装置 211的闸门的开闭状态。 在本发明的实施例中第四控制指令是管理系统 3根据 接收的监测数据和闸门的开闭状态, 以及第三方信息等产生的控制指令。该控 制指令可包括调整处理策略、调整管理目标等。若第四控制指令包括调整管理 目标的指令,则第一控制模块 228要将新的管理目标中各项目的阈值进行调整 并存储到第一存储装置 223。 当第一比较装置 224进行比较时, 采用的预设管 理目标为更新后的管理目标。
此外,第一数据传输装置 227还用于接收分质排放系统 1发送的信息并将 所述信息传输给第一控制模块 228; 第一控制模块 228还用于根据所述信息和 监测数据输出第五控制指令;驱动装置 226还用于根据所述第五控制指令控制 污水调蓄池 20、 降解池 23、 一般性污水处理装置 212和特殊性污水处理装置 211的闸门的开闭状态。
分质排放系统 1发送的信息包括:分质排放系统 1下一时段的排放和处理 策略。当分质排放系统 1的排放和处理策略是以水量识别结果执行排放 (例如, 极端泄洪情况下, 采用此排放和处理策略)时, 驱动装置 226根据第五控制指 令控制污水调蓄池 20、 降解池 23、 一般性污水处理装置 212和特殊性污水处 理装置 211的所有的闸门打开, 以将水体快速排向下游水域。当分质排放系统 1的排放和处理策略是以一般性污染排放策略执行排放, 则驱动装置 226根据 第五控制指令控制污水调蓄池 20、 降解池 23和一般性污水处理装置 212的闸 门的开闭状态,其具体的闸门的开闭状态要结合第一控制指令和第二控制指令 执行。 当分质排放系统 1的排放和处理策略是以特定污染排放策略执行排放, 则驱动装置 226根据第五控制指令控制污水调蓄池 20、 降解池 23、 一般性污 水处理装置 212和特殊性污水处理装置 211的闸门开闭状态,其具体的开闭状 态要结合第一控制指令、 第二控制指令和第三控制指令执行。
在本发明的实施例中, 一般性污水处理装置 212的目标是使水体的 PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A的浓度、 氨氮的浓度、 憐的浓度、 COD、 总氮的 浓度、 总憐的浓度、 BOD 以及水体的综合性指标等降低到符合预设管理目标 的要求。 特殊性污水处理装置是降解上述诸项目 (PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶 绿素 A的浓度、 氨氮的浓度、 憐的浓度、 COD、 总氮的浓度、 总憐的浓度、 BOD 和水体的综合性指标) 以外的特定水质项目以使水体符合预设管理目标 的要求。在本发明的实施例中, 特定水质项目指重金属含量, 例如铅、汞、铬、 砷等。
一般性污水处理装置 212的排放受控于第一管理控制模块 22, 当一般性 污水处理装置 212 处理后的水体的各监测项目以及水体的综合性指标符合规 定的预设管理目标时,第一管理控制模块 223发出指令控制水体排向特殊性污 水处理装置 211或排向受保护的下游水域;否则就控制水体再次返回一般性污 水处理装置 212, 以进行处理直到各监测项目以及水体的综合性指标符合预设 管理目标。各监测项目的数据是由设置在一般性污水处理装置 212出口的生活 污染项目降解进程监测仪监测获得的。生活污染项目降解进程监测仪的监测项 目包括: PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A的浓度、 氨氮的浓度、 憐的浓度、 COD、 总氮的浓度、 总憐的浓度、 BOD等。 而这些监测项目的预设管理目标, 可由管理人员通过管理系统 3进行设置、存储并发送给分质处理系统 2以存储 到第一存储装置 223。 此外, 生活污染项目也可根据设置而改变。
污水处理模块 21的若干个一般性污水处理装置 212和特殊性污水处理装 置 211可以并联在一起工作, 也可以由第一管理控制模块 22根据水量与水质 的预测值以及各污水处理模块 21的当前处理能力,控制污水处理模块 21在相 应策略的优化模式下运行。相应策略的优化模式是指一般性污水处理装置 212 和特殊性污水处理装置 211的并联或串联关系。例如, 根据水量与水质的预测 值、 污水处理模块 21的当前处理能力将 5个一般性污水处理装置和 5个特殊 性污水处理装置并联,而其他的一般性污水处理装置和特殊性污水处理装置串 联。水量与水质的预测值是分质排放系统 1的排放和处理策略运算装置 114预 测并由第二数据传输装置 116发送给分质处理系统 2的。
应理解,一般性污水处理装置 212和特殊性污水处理装置 211的串联或并 联可通过控制一般性污水处理装置 212和特殊性污水处理装置 211的进水闸门 和 /或排水闸门实现。
一般性污水处理装置 212 的出口设的第二水质监测仪器群以固定频率工 作; 第一管理控制模块 22的第一监测数据获取装置 222获取监测数据并将监 测数据通过第一数据传输装置 227发送给管理系统 3由管理系统 3进行处理和 存储。特殊性污水处理装置出口设置的第三水质监测仪器群定时监测经过处理 后的水质项目, 第一管理控制模块 22的第一监测数据获取装置 222获取监测 数据并将监测数据通过第一数据传输装置 227发送给管理系统 3由管理系统 3 进行处理和存储。此外, 第一比较装置 224根据监测数据判断水质以及水体的 综合性指标是否符合预设管理目标,若符合则通过驱动装置 226控制特殊性污 水处理装置 211将水体排向下游的被保护水域,否则控制特殊性污水处理装置 211对水体进行再处理。 此外, 为了提醒管理人员, 当需要特殊性污水处理装 置 211再处理时, 第一控制装置 228控制第二报警装置 229发出警报。在以水 量识别结果执行排放的策略下, 由第一管理控制模块 22依据水量按需指令开 启足够的污水处理模块 21的进水闸门; 在非常状态下, 则管理系统 3可发出 远程指令给第一管理控制模块 22, 第一管理控制模块 22可控制污水处理模块 21的全部进水闸门和出水闸门打开, 以使水体迅速排到下游水域。
在本发明的实施例中, 在非常状态下是指在极端泄洪要求等突发的状态。 应理解, 第三方信息平台可将极端泄洪等信息发送给管理系统 3。 例如, 当某 一水域发生决堤, 则第三方信息平台可将决堤的信息发送给管理系统 3, 管理 系统 3发出远程指令到分质处理系统 2使其能在洪水到来之前提前打开所有的 闸门以泄洪。
在本发明的实施例中为了形成受控、 在线和实时的智能型水污染治理系 统, 分质排放系统 1进行分质排放, 使不符合预设管理目标的水体被排放到分 质处理系统 2。 且分质处理系统 2根据水体的水质数据控制分质处理的水量、 降解时间、 水深和面积等参数。 分质处理系统 2控制水量、 降解时间、 水深和 面积等参数, 是通过控制降解池 23、 污水处理模块 21的相应进水闸门、 排放 闸门的开启时间和开口大小来实现的。 此外, 也可以通过向分质处理系统 2 输入一定的氧气提高含氧量、提高透明度、降低入流口闸门的流量等方式来实 现水量、 降解时间、 水深和面积等参数的调节。
若经过分质处理系统 2的处理,水体水质的单个因子都符合预设管理目标 中相应的单个因子的阈值, 则第一管理控制模块 22根据监测数据判断水体的 富营养化指数和水体综合污染指数是否符合标准。若符合标准则将处理后的水 体排放到保护水域, 若不符合标准则继续对水体进行处理。在本发明的实施例 中, 第一管理控制模块 22根据水体的综合性指标的临界值要求, 通过设定策 略、反馈并调整分质处理的识别阈值, 以满足被保护水域的富营养化指数和水 质综合污染指数要求。
参见图 4, 为本发明实施例的管理系统的结构图。 本发明的实施例中, 管 理系统 3包括上位机 30、 中央计算机 32以及实现上位机 30与中央计算机 32 交互的服务器 31。 服务器 31与上位机 30通信连接, 服务器 31与中央计算机 32通信连接。 其中, 服务器 31与分质排放系统 1的第二管理控制模块 11和 分质处理系统 2的第一管理控制模块 22通信连接, 以获取分质排放系统 1和 分质处理系统 2的上传的信息。 服务器 31将获取到的信息发送给上位机 30 或中央计算机 32。中央计算机 32和上位机 30用于根据服务器 31传送的信息、 来自第三方信息平台的第三方信息或预先设置的阈值产生远程指令,并发送给 服务器 31,服务器 31再将远程指令发送给分质排放系统 1或分质处理系统 2。 远程指令包括: 是否调整分质排放系统的排放和处理策略的指令、是否调整分 质排放系统和分质处理系统的各项目的阈值的指令、监测频率或监测项目的指 令等。
上位机 30还用于将所述信息进行处理、 显示和存储。
第三方信息平台用于发送第三方信息给所述上位机。第三方信息包括以下 信息中的至少一种: 上位机 30接收服务器 31发送的信息(该信息是由第一数 据传输装置和第二数据传输装置发送的)的频率、预设管理目标中各个项目的 预设阈值、预设的排放和处理策略、允许分质排放系统 1调整排放和处理策略 的条件、允许分质排放系统 1和 /或分质处理系统 2调整各项目的阈值的条件、 允许上位机 30远程操作分质排放系统 1和 /或分质处理系统 2的条件。上位机 30根据第三方信息进行相应的设置以及产生远程指令; 上位机 30在所述允许 远程操作分质排放系统 1和 /或分质排放系统 2的条件满足时, 远程操作分质 排放系统 1和 /或分质排放系统 2。 远程操作分质排放系统 1是上位机 30执行 第二管理控制模块 11执行的操作。远程操作分质处理系统 2是上位机 30执行 第一管理控制模块 22执行的操作。
在本发明的实施例中, 中央计算机 32可由上位机 30充当。当有多个上位 机 30对若干个分质排放系统 1和分质处理系统 2进行控制时, 可将多个上位 机 30中的一个作为中央计算机 32, 以同时管理多个上位机 30, 此时, 上位机 30与中央计算机 32之间进行通信交互。 在实际运用中, 中央计算机 32可由 高层管理部门控制, 而上位机 30由低层管理部门控制。中央计算机 32可用于 浏览整个系统的运行数据和形成所需的管理策略;在非常情况下还可通过服务 器 31直接操作分质排放系统 1和分质处理系统 2。 例如, 当前水域或相邻水 域发生特殊情况 (相邻水域遭遇特大洪水需要本水域分流等), 相关的管理部 门需要进行干预,则可直接通过中央计算机 5控制分质排放系统 1和分质处理 系统 2。 应理解, 可通过第三方信息平台将当前水域或相邻水域发生特殊情况 的信息发送给管理系统 3。 管理系统 3通过第三方信息平台获取信息, 以在非 常状态(当前水域或相邻水域发生特殊情况等)下控制分质排放系统 1和分质 处理系统 2, 使得本发明实施例的水污染处理系统能够根据水域状态的变化自 适应的调整分质排放和分质处理。第三方信息平台可由高层管理部门进行控制 以发送信息给管理系统 3。
服务器 31从分质排放系统 1获取当前水体的水质、 水文、 工作环境、 闸 门状态、 下一时段的水质、水文的预测值、 下一时段排放策略和监测项目的阈 值数据, 并从分质处理系统 2获取第一水质监测仪器群、第二水质监测仪器群 和第三水质监测仪器群的监测数据。 服务器 31将从分质排放系统 1和分质处 理系统 2获取的数据发送给上位机 30。上位机 30根据所述数据确认是否调整 排放策略、 是否修正阈值, 并将确认结果生成远程指令并通过服务器 31发送 给分质排放系统 1, 以及根据所述数据产生对分质处理系统 2的处理过程的远 程控制指令并通过服务器 31发送给分质处理系统 2。
在本发明的实施例中,当分质排放系统 1需要调整下一时段的排放策略或 调整监测项目的阈值时需向管理系统 3发送调整请求,若管理系统 3没有作出 反馈或发出允许调整的指令,则分质排放系统 1调整下一时段的排放策略或调 整监测项目的阈值。
参见图 4, 上位机 30包括: 与服务器 31交互的通信模块 301、 用于接收 服务器 31发送数据的数据接收模块 302和用于根据接收到的数据产生远程指 令的远程指令管理控制模块 303。
服务器 31除了向中央计算机 32和上位机 30传输分质排放系统 1和分质 处理系统 2上传的监测数据, 以及分别向分质排放系统 1 和分质处理系统 2 下传中央计算机 32的指令并向中央计算机 5反馈指令执行状况, 还根据确定 的排放和处理策略, 调整分质处理系统 2的处理、运行策略以及水体在分质处 理系统 2内的流动进程,使分质处理系统 2具有自诊断、自处理和自适应功能。
服务器 31除了为分质排放系统 1、分质处理系统 2与上位机 30双向传输 数据外, 在分质排放系统 1 发送调整排放和处理策略的请求时, 还向上位机 30和用户端的特定移动通讯装置以及中央计算机 32发出相应的警报。参见图 5, 为本发明实施例的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法的流程图。
在本发明的实施例中,分质排放系统 1可根据设置而工作在自动操作状态 或远程手动操作状态。当管辖水域或管辖水域的相邻水域发生特殊情况(例如 相邻水域遭遇特大洪水需要本水域分流等突发情况或预设管理目标被重新调 整等), 相关的管理部门需要进行干预, 则可通过管理系统 1将分质排放系统 1切换至远程手动操作状态, 由管理系统 1进行相应分质排放的操作。
参见图 5, 本发明实施例的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法包 括以下步骤:
SO: 首先根据需要在管辖水域设置目标监控点, 在目标监控点设置分质 排放系统 1, 在分质排放系统 1下游设置分质处理系统 2。 分质排放系统 1与 管理系统 3双向连接, 分质处理系统 2与管理系统 3双向连接。
在管理系统 3中, 不同的分质排放系统 1具有各自的识别 ID, 且管理系 统 3中设置并存储有与每个分质排放系统 1对应的有关的监测项目、监测频率 以及对应监测项目的预设管理目标阈值。
S1 : 分质排放系统以预设的固定频率获取所述目标监控点的当前水体的 在线分级监测数据。 在步骤 SI中, 监测数据包括由在线分级水质监测仪器群 101的一级水质 监测仪器群监测的一级水质监测数据、由水文监测仪器群 102监测的水文监测 数据、 由工作环境监测仪器群 103 监测的环境数据、 由水体流速监测仪器群 104监测的闸门口水流流速数据。
52、 分质排放系统将获取的当前水体的监测数据和预设管理目标进行比 较, 并根据比较结果对管辖区水域的水体进行分质排放。
53、 分质处理系统接纳并处理由分质排放系统排放的不符合预设管理目 标的水体。
分质排放系统 1 根据分级监测和分级识别原则管理在线分级水质监测仪 器群 101的二级、三级等各级监测并进行分质排放; 同时将监测数据远程传输 至管理系统 1的服务器。
所述步骤 S2还包括:
分质排放系统以预设的固定频率读取目标监控点上游预设点的水质数据 和水文数据, 并根据所述上游预设点的水质数据和水文数据, 预测指定时段后 的水质和水量, 并判断所述指定时段的下一时段是否调整排放和处理策略; 若 需要调整排放和处理策略, 则向管理系统发出请求;
向管理系统发出请求后,若在预设时间到后,没有接到来自管理系统的反 馈, 则切换排放和处理策略, 以调整后的排放和处理策略进行分质排放并向分 质处理系统的第一管理控制模块发送排放和处理策略调整信息;
所述步骤 S2还进一步包括:
S2- 分质排放系统以预设的固定频率获取目标监控点的监测数据, 根据 监测数据计算当前水体的富营养化指数和综合污染指数并确定是否需要调整 监测项目的预设阈值并确定调整后的阈值,并向管理系统发送阈值调整请求以 及根据管理系统的远程指令对阈值进行调整或保持所述预设阈值;
S2-2、 所述排放和处理策略包括: 以水质识别结果执行排放、 以水量识别 结果执行排放; 当水量的预测值达到设定阈值时以水量识别结果执行排放; 若 水量预测值小于规定的阈值时以水质识别结果执行排放;
以水质识别结果执行排放的排放和处理策略包括一般性污染排放和处理 策略、特定污染排放和处理策略;一般性污染排放和处理策略包括正常污染排 放和处理策略、 突发性的重度污染排放和处理策略。
所述步骤 S2还包括: S2-3所述分质排放系统将以下信息的至少一种信息 发送给所述管理系统: 所述监测数据、 间门 (水流控制执行模块 12的闸门) 的开闭状态、所述预测的下一时段的排放和处理策略、所述各项目的阈值、 排 放和处理策略调整请求和阈值调整请求。 所述步骤 S2还包括: 所述分质排放 系统根据接收的所述管理系统发送的远程指令设定监测项目、各监测项目的阈 值、 监测频率或调整排放和处理策略。
应理解, 不应将上述步骤 S2-l、 S2-2和 S2-3的执行顺序进行限制。 在步骤 S2-1之前还包括: 在目标监控点的上游水域的指定一目标点作为 预设点,并在该预设点设置水文监测仪器群和水质监测仪器群以监测目标监控 点上游的水文数据和水质数据。 分质排放系统 1的第二管理控制模块 11中的 第二监测数据获取装置 111 还用于获取上游预设点的水文监测仪器群和水质 监测仪器群的监测数据。
在本发明的实施例中, 步骤 S2-1 中的排放策略包括: 以水质识别结果执 行排放、 以水量识别结果执行排放。当水量的预测值达到设定阈值时排放应以 水量识别优先, 反之, 在水量预测值小于规定的阈值时, 取以水质识别结果优 先的策略。在以水质识别结果优先情况下又根据管辖水域的特点分为一般性污 染排放策略和特定污染排放策略。一般性污染排放策略包括正常污染排放策略 和突发性的重度污染排放策略。 在分质排放系统 1的第二管理控制模块 11的 第二存储装置 113中存储了界定各种策略的水量和水质的阈值。
在步骤 S2和 S2-2中,分质排放系统 1进行分质排放是将污水通过排污闸 门排放到分质处理系统 2, 将符合预设管理目标的水通过排放间门排放到被保 护水域。
参见图 6 为本发明实施例的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法 中步骤 S3的详细流程图。 若分质排放系统 1的排放和处理策略是以特定污染 排放策略执行排放, 则步骤 S3具体包括以下步骤:
S3-ll、 第一管理控制模块控制降解池将当前水体排放到一般性污水处理 装置;
S3-12、 第一管理控制模块定时获取设置在一般性污水处理装置出口的水 质监测仪器群监测到的经处理后的水体的水质监测数据,若符合预设管理目标 则执行步骤 S3-13 , 否则继续在一般性污水处理装置内处理;
S3-13、 第一管理控制模块定时判断水体的综合性指标是否符合预设管理 目标, 若符合, 则执行 S3-15 , 否则, 执行步骤 S3-14;
S3-14、 第一管理控制模块按照预设的预案, 延长一般性污水处理装置的 水体处理时间和 /或改善水质状态的影响参数, 并执行步骤 S3-13;
S3-15、 第一管理控制模块控制一般性污水处理装置将水体排向特殊性污 水处理装置,并定时获取特殊性污水处理装置出口的水质监测仪器群的监测数 据, 若特定污染项目经处理已降解到符合预设管理目标, 则执行 S3-16, 否则 继续在特殊性污水处理装置内处理;
S3-16、 第一管理控制模块控制该特殊性污水处理装置将水体直接排向下 游的被保护水域;
所述水质状态的影响参数包括: 水量、 水深、 水温或面积; 所述水体的综 合性指标包括富营养化指数、水质综合污染指数; 所述特定污染项目包括重金 属含量。
参见图 7 为本发明实施例的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法 中步骤 S3的详细流程图。 若分质排放系统 1的排放和处理策略是以一般性污 染排放策略执行排放, 则步骤 S3具体包括以下步骤:
S3-21、 第一管理控制模块判断分质排放系统的排放和处理策略, 若是正 常污染排放策略则执行步骤 S3-22, 若是突发性的重度污染排放策略则执行步 骤 S3-32;
S3-22、 第一管理控制模块定时获取并识别设置在降解池出口的水质监测 仪器群的监测数据,若识别结果为水质符合预设管理目标则发出驱动指令将水 体直接排向下游被保护水域,否则指令开启一般污水处理装置的进口闸门将当 前水体排放到一般性污水处理装置, 并执行步骤 S3-23 ;
S3-23、 第一管理控制模块获取设置在一般性污水处理装置出口的水质监 测仪器群监测到水质数据,当水质数据中的生活污染项目降解到符合预设管理 目标时, 执行步骤 S3-24;
S3-24、第一管理控制模块判断水体的综合性指标是否符合预设管理目标, 若符合, 则执行步骤 S3-26, 否则, 执行步骤 S3-25 ;
S3-25、 第一管理控制模块按照预设的预案, 延长一般性污水处理装置的 水体处理时间和 /或改善水质状态的影响参数, 并执行步骤 S3-24;
S3-26、 第一管理控制模块控制一般性污水处理装置将水体直接排向下游 的被保护水域;
S3-32、第一管理控制模块定时获取并识别设置在降解池出口的水质监测 仪器群的监测数据, 若识别结果为水体为重度污染时, 按照污染总量指令开启 一个或多个一般性污水处理装置;并控制降解池将当前水体排放到开启的一个 或多个一般性污水处理装置,并分别获取设置在各个一般性污水处理装置出口 的水质监测仪器群的监测数据,当水体的生活污染项目降解到符合预设管理目 标时, 执行步骤 S3-33;
S3-33、 第一管理控制模块分别判断一个或多个一般性污水处理装置处理 后的水体的综合性指标是否符合预设管理目标, 若符合, 则执行步骤 S3-35 , 否则, 执行步骤 S3-34;
S3-34、 第一管理控制模块按照预设的预案, 延长一般性污水处理装置的 水体处理时间和 /或改善水质状态的影响参数, 并执行步骤 S3-33;
S3-35、 第一管理控制模块控制一个或多个一般性污水处理装置将水体直 接排向下游的被保护水域。
所述水体的综合性指标包括富营养化指数、 水质综合污染指数; 所述水质状态的影响参数包括: 水量、 水深、 水温或面积;
所述生活污染项目包括 PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A的浓度、 氨氮的 浓度、 憐的浓度、 COD、 总氮的浓度、 总憐的浓度、 BOD等。
在本发明的实施例中,若分质排放系统 1采取的排放策略是以水量识别结 果执行排放, 则步骤 S3具体以下步骤:
S3-4、第一管理控制模块控制污水调蓄池接纳并储存所述分质排放系统输 送来的水体, 并控制降解池、一般性污水处理装置以及特殊性污水处理装置的 各个闸门开启以使水体迅速排向下游水域。
在本发明的实施例中,经过一般性污水处理装置和特定污水处理装置的处 理后, 水体的单个水质因子可能已经满足水质标准, 但由于受到其它物理量、 生物因子变化的影响, 例如温度、 透明度、 叶绿素 A等导致水体的综合性指 标不符合标准。 因此, 判断水体的综合性指标是否符合标准, 能够使经分质处 理系统 2处理后的水体完全符合预设管理目标而被排放到被保护水域。
应理解本发明的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法中,分质排放 系统 1、 分质处理系统 2和管理系统 3和上述基于分质排放和分质处理的水污 染防治装置的实施例中描述的结构和功能相同。
在本发明的实施例中, 管理系统 3中的服务器 31将分质排放系统 1发送 的监测数据上传至上位机 30以形成所需的管理文档, 并将接收到分质排放系 统 1的策略调整请求除了上传至上位机 31外, 还向指定的终端设备 (例如手 机终端)上传报警信息。 若管理人员认可此请求, 则不需要作任何操作, 分质 排放系统 1等待一预设时长后未接收到管理系统 3的反馈信息,会自动启动策 略调整; 若管理人员不认可此请求, 则通过上位机 30发送撤销指令给分质排 放系统 1以远程撤销该请求。
此外, 在管理人员认可策略调整请求的情况下, 服务器 31根据分质排放 系统 1上传的预测数据确定分质处理系统 2中的污水调蓄池 20和降解池 23 的出口闸门的开启时间和开口大小, 以及确定开启污水处理模块 21的数量。
分质处理系统 2中设置在各个降解池 23、 一般性污水处理装置和特殊性 污水处理装置的各个监测仪器群的监测数据被第一管理控制模块 22定时上传 至服务器 31, 服务器 31通过运算、 识别后传输给上位机 30。 上位机 30向一 般性污水处理装置和特殊性污水处理装置的各个间门发出相应的执行指令,并 将指令执行后各间门的状态数据进行存储。各个监测仪器群的工作频率可根据 不同的排放策略进行调整。
应理解在本实用新型的实施例中, 第一管理控制模块 22和第二管理控制 模块 11可由具有数据处理、通信功能、数据存储等功能的硬件实体来充当(例 如, 可为计算机、 上位机等)。 第一比较装置、 第一控制装置、 驱动装置可由 计算机等硬件实体的处理器来充当以执行相应的功能。第二比较装置、排放和 处理策略运算装置、第二控制装置和水流排放驱动装置可由计算机等硬件实体 的处理器来充当以执行相应的功能。
第一存储装置和第二存储装置均可由存储器芯片等充当。第一报警装置和 第二报警装置可由扬声器等充当。
第一监测数据获取装置和第二监测数据获取装置均可由数据采集芯片或 数据采集卡等硬件实体充当。
第一数据传输装置 227和第二数据传输装置 116的数据传输方式可为通过 计算机通信网络、 无线通信网络 (GSM、 3G、 4G等) 等进行传输, 其均可由 无线数据传输芯片、 通信接口电路等充当。
本发明实施例的基于分质排放分质处理的水污染防治及方法,能实现对管 辖区水域不符合预设管理目标的水体分质排放和分质处理;能在线实时自动监 测和识别水质和水量,并能依据水质和水量的监测和识别结果进行自动诊断和 自行处理后进行分质排放, 实施分质处理; 并能根据水质和水量的监测和识别 结果调整分质排放和分质处理策略;能按照确定的策略自动执行分质排放和分 质处理; 形成受控、在线和实时的智能型水污染防治系统。且在线实时自动监 测和识别以及实时排放都是在分级监测、 分级识别为原则的控制下进行的。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述,但是本发明并不局限于上述 的具体实施方式, 上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的, 而不是限制性的, 本 领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保 护的范围情况下, 还可做出很多形式, 这些均属于本发明的保护之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统, 其特征在于, 包括 设置在管辖区水域内的分质排放系统、设置在分质排放系统下游的分质处理系 统、 以及分别与所述分质排放系统和分质处理系统双向连接的管理系统; 所述分质排放系统用于对管辖区水域水体进行在线分级监测,将在线分级 监测的监测数据和预设管理目标进行比较,并根据比较结果对管辖区水域的水 体进行分质排放;
所述分质处理系统用于根据所述分质排放系统排放的不符合预设管理目 标的水体的水质对水体进行分质处理,并将经分质处理后水质符合预设管理目 标的水体排放到下游被保护水域;
所述管理系统用于监控所述分质排放系统的排放过程和监控所述分质处 理系统的处理过程。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统, 其特征在于, 所述分质处理系统包括: 污水调蓄池、 降解池和污水处理模块; 所述污水处理模块由一个或若干个串联和 /或并联在一起的一般性污水处 理装置和特殊性污水处理装置组成;
所述污水调蓄池、降解池、一般性污水处理装置和特殊性污水处理装置均 设置有进水间门和排污间门,且所述降解池、一般性污水处理装置和特殊性污 水处理装置还均设置有排水间门;所述排水间门用于将水质符合预设管理目标 的水体排放到下游被保护水域;
所述分质排放系统排放的水体通过所述污水调蓄池的进水间门流入所述 污水调蓄池以对水体进行存储;所述污水调蓄池存储的水体通过所述污水调蓄 池的排污闸门和所述降解池的进水闸门排放到所述降解池以对水体进行降解; 降解后的水体通过所述降解池的排水间门排放到下游被保护水域,或通过所述 降解池的排污间门和所述一般性污水处理装置的进水间门排放到所述一般性 污水处理装置以进行处理;经处理后的水体通过所述一般性污水处理装置的排 水闸门排放到下游被保护水域,或通过所述一般性污水处理装置的排污间门和 所述特殊性污水处理装置的进水间门排放到所述特殊性污水处理装置以进行 处理;经处理后的水体通过所述特殊性污水处理装置的排水间门排放到下游被 保护水域;
所述一般性污水处理装置用于使水体的生活污染项目和水体的综合性指 标降低到符合预设管理目标; 所述生活污染项目包括: PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A的浓度、 氨氮的浓度、 憐的浓度、 COD、 总氮的浓度、 总憐的浓度 禾口 BOD;
所述特殊性污水处理装置用于将水体的重金属含量降低到符合预设管理 目标;
所述水体的综合性指标包括富营养化指数、 水质综合污染指数。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统, 其特征在于, 所述分质处理系统还包括: 第一管理控制模块; 所述第一管理控 制模块包括: 第一监测数据获取装置、 第一比较装置、 第一控制装置、 驱动装 置、 第一存储装置和第一数据传输装置;
所述第一监测数据获取装置, 用于按设定频率获取监测设备的监测数据; 所述监测设备包括设置在所述降解池出口的第一水质监测仪器群、设置在所述 一般性污水处理装置出口的第二水质监测仪器群和设置在所述特殊性污水处 理装置出口的第三水质监测仪器群;所述监测数据包括分别从所述第一水质监 测仪器群、 第二水质监测仪器群和第三水质监测仪器群获取的第一监测数据、 第二监测数据和第三监测数据;
第一比较装置, 用于分别将所述第一监测数据、第二监测数据和第三监测 数据和预设管理目标进行比较, 以分别获得第一比较结果、第二比较结果和第 三比较结果;
第一控制装置, 用于分别根据所述第一比较结果、第二比较结果和第三比 较结果输出第一控制指令、 第二控制指令和第三控制指令;
驱动装置,用于根据所述第一控制指令控制所述降解池的排污闸门及所述 一般性污水处理装置的进水闸门的开闭状态或控制所述降解池的排水闸门的 开闭状态,根据所述第二控制指令控制所述一般性污水处理装置的排污间门及 所述特殊性污水处理装置的进水间门的开闭状态或控制所述一般性污水处理 装置的排水闸门的开闭状态,根据所述第三控制指令控制所述特殊性污水处理 装置的排水闸门的开闭状态;
第一存储装置, 用于存储所述监测数据、所述比较结果和所述闸门的开闭 状态;
第一数据传输装置, 用于将所述监测数据、所述闸门的开闭状态发送给所 述管理系统。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统, 其特征在于,所述第一数据传输装置还用于接收管理系统的远程指令并将所述 远程指令传输给所述第一控制模块;
所述第一控制模块还用于根据所述远程指令输出第四控制指令; 驱动装置还用于根据所述第四控制指令控制所述污水调蓄池、降解池、一 般性污水处理装置和特殊性污水处理装置的间门的开闭状态。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统, 其特征在于,所述第一数据传输装置还用于接收所述分质排放系统发送的信息 并将所述信息传输给所述第一控制模块;
所述第一控制模块还用于根据所述信息和所述监测数据输出第五控制指 令;
所述驱动装置还用于根据所述第五控制指令控制所述污水调蓄池、 降解 池、 一般性污水处理装置和特殊性污水处理装置的间门的开闭状态;
所述分质排放系统发送的信息包括:所述分质排放系统下一时段的排放和 处理策略。
6、 根据权利要求 3所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统, 其特征在于,所述分质排放系统包括监测模块、水流控制执行模块和第二管理 控制模块;
所述监测模块包括用于监测水质数据的在线分级水质监测仪器群、用于监 测水文数据的水文监测仪器群、用于监测工作环境信息的工作环境监测仪器群 以及用于监测水体流速的水体流速监测仪器群; 所述水流控制执行模块包括用于进行信号接收和处理并发出控制信号的 控制柜、用于排放水质符合预设管理目标的水体的排水闸门、用于排放水质不 符合预设管理目标的排污闸门以及用于根据控制柜的控制信号驱动排水闸门 和排污闸门的驱动电机;
所述第二管理控制模块包括: 第二监测数据获取装置、第二比较装置、第 二存储装置、 水流排放驱动装置、第二数据传输装置、排放和处理策略运算装 置、 阈值运算装置和第二控制装置;
其中,所述第二监测数据获取装置用于以预设频率从所述监测模块获取监 测数据;
所述第二比较装置用于将监测数据与预设管理目标进行比较;
所述排放和处理策略运算装置用于根据监测数据预测下一时段的排放和 处理策略, 并将所述预测的排放和处理策略和当前的排放和处理策略进行比 较;
所述阈值运算装置用于根据监测数据计算水体的富营养化指数和综合污 染指数,并根据计算出的水体的富营养化指数和综合污染指数重新设定预设管 理目标中各项目的阈值;
所述第二控制装置用于根据所述第二比较装置的比较结果产生驱动控制 指令,根据所述排放和处理策略运算装置的比较结果产生排放和处理策略调整 请求, 根据所述阈值运算装置的计算结果产生阈值调整请求;
所述水流排放驱动装置用于根据所述驱动控制指令控制所述水流控制执 行模块闸门开闭状态;
所述第二数据传输装置用于将以下信息的至少一种信息发送给所述管理 系统: 所述监测数据、所述闸门的开闭状态、所述预测的下一时段的排放和处 理策略、 所述各项目的阈值、 排放和处理策略调整请求和阈值调整请求; 第二存储装置用于存储所述监测数据、所述比较结果、所述闸门的开闭状 态、 所述预测的下一时段的排放和处理策略和所述各项目的阈值。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统, 其特征在于,所述第二数据传输装置还用于接收所述管理系统的远程指令并传 送给所述第二控制模块;
所述第二控制模块还用于根据所述远程指令产生指令以控制所述监测模 块调整监测项目、 各监测项目的阈值、 监测频率或调整排放和处理策略; 所述调整排放和处理策略是通过水流排放驱动装置根据第二控制模块的 指令驱动水流控制执行模块闸门的开闭状态实现的;
所述第二数据传输装置还用于将所述预测的下一时段的排放和处理策略 发送给所述分质处理系统。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统, 其特征在于, 所述管理系统包括上位机和服务器;
所述服务器分别与所述分质排放系统中的第二管理控制模块和所述分质 处理系统中的第一管理控制模块通信连接; 所述服务器与上位机通信连接; 所述服务器用于获取所述第一数据传输装置和第二数据传输装置发送的 信息, 并将所述信息发送给所述上位机;
所述上位机根据所述信息或来自第三方信息平台的第三方信息产生远程 指令并通过所述服务器发送给所述第一数据传输装置和 /或第二数据传输装 置;
所述远程指令包括: 是否调整分质排放系统的排放和处理策略的指令、是 否调整分质排放系统和分质处理系统的各项目的阈值的指令、监测频率或监测 项目的指令;
所述上位机还用于将所述信息进行处理、 显示和存储。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治系统, 其特征在于, 所述第三方信息平台用于发送第三方信息给所述上位机;
所述第三方信息包括以下信息中的至少一种:所述上位机接收所述服务器 发送的包括所述第一数据传输装置和第二数据传输装置发送的信息的频率、预 设管理目标中各个项目的预设阈值、预设的排放和处理策略、允许分质排放系 统调整排放和处理策略的条件、 允许分质排放系统和 /或分质处理系统调整各 项目的阈值的条件、 允许所述上位机远程操作所述分质排放系统和 /或分质处 理系统的条件; 所述上位机根据所述第三方信息进行相应的设置以及产生所述远程指令; 所述上位机在所述允许远程操作所述分质排放系统的条件满足时,远程操 作所述分质排放系统;
所述远程操作所述分质排放系统包括所述上位机执行所述第二管理控制 模块执行的操作;
远程操作分质处理系统包括所述上位机执行第一管理控制模块执行的操 作。
10、一种基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法, 其特征在于, 包括 以下步骤:
so、 在管辖水域设置目标监控点, 在目标监控点设置分质排放系统, 在 分质排放系统下游设置分质处理系统; 将分质排放系统与管理系统双向连接, 将分质处理系统与管理系统双向连接;
51、 分质排放系统以预设的固定频率获取所述目标监控点的当前水体的 在线分级监测数据;
52、 分质排放系统将获取的当前水体的监测数据和预设管理目标进行比 较, 并根据比较结果对管辖区水域的水体进行分质排放;
53、 分质处理系统接纳并处理由分质排放系统排放的不符合预设管理目 标的水体。
11、根据权利要求 10所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 S1中, 所述监测数据包括: 当前水体的水质监测数据、 水文监测数据、 工作环境监测数据和水体流速监测数据。
12、根据权利要求 10所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 S2还包括:
分质排放系统以预设的固定频率读取目标监控点上游预设点的水质数据 和水文数据, 并根据所述上游预设点的水质数据和水文数据, 预测指定时段后 的水质和水量, 并判断所述指定时段的下一时段是否调整排放和处理策略; 若 需要调整排放和处理策略, 则向管理系统发出请求;
向管理系统发出请求后, 若在预设时间到后, 没有接到来自管理系统的反 馈, 则切换排放和处理策略, 并向分质处理系统的第一管理控制模块发送排放 和处理策略调整信息;
所述步骤 S2还包括: 分质排放系统以预设的固定频率获取目标监控点的 监测数据,根据监测数据计算当前水体的富营养化指数和综合污染指数并确定 是否需要调整监测项目的预设阈值并确定调整后的阈值,并向管理系统发送阈 值调整请求以及根据管理系统的远程指令对阈值进行调整或保持所述预设阈 值;
所述排放和处理策略包括: 以水质识别结果执行排放、 以水量识别结果执 行排放; 当水量的预测值达到设定阈值时以水量识别结果执行排放; 若水量预 测值小于规定的阈值时以水质识别结果执行排放;
以水质识别结果执行排放的排放和处理策略包括一般性污染排放和处理 策略、特定污染排放和处理策略;一般性污染排放和处理策略包括正常污染排 放和处理策略、 突发性的重度污染排放和处理策略。
13、根据权利要求 12所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 S2还包括: 所述分质排放系统将以下信息的至少一种 信息发送给所述管理系统: 所述监测数据、 闸门的开闭状态、所述预测的下一 时段的排放和处理策略、所述各项目的阈值、排放和处理策略调整请求和阈值 调整请求;
所述步骤 S2还包括: 所述分质排放系统根据接收的所述管理系统发送的 远程指令设定监测项目、各监测项目的阈值、监测频率或调整排放和处理策略。
14、根据权利要求 12所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 S3具体包括以下步骤:
S3-ll、 若分质排放系统的排放和处理策略是以特定污染排放策略执行排 放, 则第一管理控制模块控制降解池将当前水体排放到一般性污水处理装置;
S3-12、 第一管理控制模块定时获取设置在一般性污水处理装置出口的水 质监测仪器群监测到的经处理后的水体的水质监测数据,若符合预设管理目标 则执行步骤 S3-13 , 否则继续在一般性污水处理装置内处理;
S3-13、 第一管理控制模块定时判断水体的综合性指标是否符合预设管理 目标, 若符合, 则开启特殊性污水处理装置 S3-15 , 否则, 执行步骤 S3-14;
S3-14、 第一管理控制模块按照预设的预案, 延长一般性污水处理装置的 水体处理时间和 /或改善水质状态的影响参数, 并执行步骤 S3-13;
S3-15、 第一管理控制模块定时获取特殊性污水处理装置出口的水质监测 仪器群的监测数据, 若特定污染项目经处理已降解到符合预设管理目标, 则执 行 S3-16, 否则继续在特殊性污水处理装置内处理;
S3-16、 第一管理控制模块控制该特殊性污水处理装置将水体直接排向下 游的被保护水域;
所述水质状态的影响参数包括: 水量、 水深、 水温或面积; 所述水体的综 合性指标包括富营养化指数、水质综合污染指数; 所述特定污染项目包括重金 属含量。
15、根据权利要求 14所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 S3还包括以下步骤:
S3-21、 若分质排放系统的排放和处理策略是以一般性污染排放策略执行 排放, 则第一管理控制模块判断分质排放系统的排放和处理策略,若是正常污 染排放策略则执行步骤 S3-22, 若是突发性的重度污染排放策略则执行步骤 S3-32;
S3-22、 第一管理控制模块定时获取并识别设置在降解池出口的水质监测 仪器群的监测数据,若识别结果为水质符合预设管理目标则发出驱动指令将水 体直接排向下游被保护水域,否则指令开启一般污水处理装置的进口闸门将当 前水体排放到一般性污水处理装置, 并执行步骤 S3-23 ;
S3-23、 第一管理控制模块获取设置在一般性污水处理装置出口的水质监 测仪器群监测到水质数据,当水质数据中的生活污染项目降解到符合预设管理 目标时, 执行步骤 S3-24;
S3-24、第一管理控制模块判断水体的综合性指标是否符合预设管理目标, 若符合, 则执行步骤 S3-26, 否则, 执行步骤 S3-25 ;
S3-25、 第一管理控制模块按照预设的预案, 延长一般性污水处理装置的 水体处理时间和 /或改善水质状态的影响参数, 并执行步骤 S3-24; S3-26、 第一管理控制模块控制一般性污水处理装置将水体直接排向下游 的被保护水域;
S3-32、第一管理控制模块定时获取并识别设置在降解池出口的水质监测 仪器群的监测数据, 若识别结果为水体为重度污染时, 按照污染总量指令开启 一个或多个一般性污水处理装置;并控制降解池将当前水体排放到开启的一个 或多个一般性污水处理装置,并分别获取设置在各个一般性污水处理装置出口 的水质监测仪器群的监测数据,当水体的生活污染项目降解到符合预设管理目 标时, 执行步骤 S3-33;
S3-33、 第一管理控制模块分别判断一个或多个一般性污水处理装置处理 后的水体的综合性指标是否符合预设管理目标, 若符合, 则执行步骤 S3-35 , 否则, 执行步骤 S3-34;
S3-34、 第一管理控制模块按照预设的预案, 延长一般性污水处理装置的 水体处理时间和 /或改善水质状态的影响参数, 并执行步骤 S3-33;
S3-35、 第一管理控制模块控制一个或多个一般性污水处理装置将水体直 接排向下游的被保护水域。
所述水体的综合性指标包括富营养化指数、 水质综合污染指数; 所述水质状态的影响参数包括: 水量、 水深、 水温或面积;
所述生活污染项目包括 PH、 透明度、 电导率、 叶绿素 A的浓度、 氨氮的 浓度、 憐的浓度、 COD、 总氮的浓度、 总憐的浓度和 BOD。
16、根据权利要求 15所述的基于分质排放和分质处理的水污染防治方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 S3还包括以下步骤:
S3-4、若分质排放系统采取的排放策略是以水量识别结果执行排放, 则第 一管理控制模块控制污水调蓄池接纳并储存所述分质排放系统输送来的水体, 并控制降解池、一般性污水处理装置以及特殊性污水处理装置的各个间门开启 以使水体迅速排向下游水域。
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