WO2015014975A1 - Mechanism for the two-way conversion between a rotational movement and a reciprocating translational movement, mechanical system and vehicle - Google Patents

Mechanism for the two-way conversion between a rotational movement and a reciprocating translational movement, mechanical system and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015014975A1
WO2015014975A1 PCT/EP2014/066571 EP2014066571W WO2015014975A1 WO 2015014975 A1 WO2015014975 A1 WO 2015014975A1 EP 2014066571 W EP2014066571 W EP 2014066571W WO 2015014975 A1 WO2015014975 A1 WO 2015014975A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axis
rotation
translation
toothed
integral
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/066571
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Vincent Lacour
Original Assignee
Vincent Lacour
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vincent Lacour filed Critical Vincent Lacour
Publication of WO2015014975A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015014975A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H21/00—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides
    • F16H21/10—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane
    • F16H21/16—Gearings comprising primarily only links or levers, with or without slides all movement being in, or parallel to, a single plane for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
    • F16H21/18—Crank gearings; Eccentric gearings
    • F16H21/36—Crank gearings; Eccentric gearings without swinging connecting-rod, e.g. with epicyclic parallel motion, slot-and-crank motion
    • F16H21/365—Crank gearings; Eccentric gearings without swinging connecting-rod, e.g. with epicyclic parallel motion, slot-and-crank motion with planetary gearing having a ratio of 2:1 between sun gear and planet gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B7/00—Machines or engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders
    • F01B7/02—Machines or engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders with oppositely reciprocating pistons
    • F01B7/04—Machines or engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders with oppositely reciprocating pistons acting on same main shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/32—Engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding main groups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B9/00—Engines characterised by other types of ignition
    • F02B9/02—Engines characterised by other types of ignition with compression ignition
    • F02B9/04—Methods of operating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reciprocal conversion mechanism between a rotational movement and a reciprocating translation movement.
  • the invention also relates to a mechanical system comprising at least one such mechanism, for example a combustion engine, a machine, a tool, a pump or a compressor.
  • the invention also relates to a motor vehicle equipped with at least one such mechanical system.
  • Such a mechanism comprises a pivoting device movable in rotation about an axis of rotation and a sliding device movable in translation along a translation axis.
  • the axis of rotation and the axis of translation are orthogonal, generally perpendicular.
  • One of the devices is driving, while the other device is driven.
  • the pivoting device is driving, the mechanism transforms the rotational movement produced by the pivoting device in a single direction of rotation into an alternating translational movement of the sliding device, that is to say alternating between two opposite translation directions.
  • the sliding device is driving, the mechanism transforms the reciprocating translation movement into rotational movement.
  • the mechanism may be reversible, with a possible reversal between the driving device and the driven device.
  • such a mechanism may be of the crank-handle type.
  • the mechanism then corresponds to the movable hitch comprising a connecting rod, a piston and a portion of the crankshaft, and a block comprising mainly bearings supporting the crankshaft, and shirts, guiding the pistons.
  • the rotating and sliding cam type or of the inclined plate type and sliding pad.
  • US-A-2003 183 026 describes an example of a mechanism comprising a pivoting device which includes two large gears, a sliding device which includes a rod integral with two pistons, two pairs of crank arms supporting two small gears, and two toothed belts meshing each with a small and one large gear wheel.
  • Each pair of crank arm comprises an arm articulated on the rod, an arm integral with the rotary device, the two arms being hinged together at the small gear.
  • the mechanism is bulky and includes a large number of component parts, which is not satisfactory.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved motion conversion mechanism.
  • the subject of the invention is a mechanism for reciprocal conversion between rotational movement and reciprocating translation movement, the mechanism comprising:
  • a second device movable in translation along an axis of translation orthogonal to the main axis of rotation
  • a gear comprising a first integral toothed assembly of the first device and a second integral toothed assembly of the second device, the first toothed assembly being centered on the first axis and having a first base diameter equal to twice the center distance, the second set toothed being centered on the second axis and having a second base diameter equal to twice the first base diameter.
  • the invention makes it possible to improve the compactness, the reliability and / or the energy efficiency of the mechanism, with a satisfactory compromise.
  • the sliding device, the connecting rod and the gear can be housed in a housing of small dimensions.
  • the connecting rod and gear are complementary and have respective structures and arrangements that are particularly advantageous, particularly in terms of space and distribution of mechanical stresses.
  • the second device has a maximum stroke equal to four times the center distance, between a top dead center and a bottom dead center of the mechanism.
  • the connecting rod comprises at least one pad provided with a sliding surface in a bore integral with the second device.
  • the connecting rod comprises at least one roller rolling in a bore integral with the second device.
  • the rod has openings facilitating the passage of gas contained in the volume of the second device, mainly in a direction parallel to the translation axis, and in a direction parallel to the main axis of rotation.
  • the rod When the first device performs a rotational movement of 360 degrees around the main axis of rotation, the rod performs a rotational movement of 360 degrees about the second axis in the opposite direction of the first device and with the same angular velocity.
  • the gear is symmetrical with respect to a plane including the axis of translation and perpendicular to the main axis of rotation.
  • the gear is located only on one side of a plane including the translation axis and perpendicular to the main axis of rotation.
  • the first toothed assembly is formed on a crank portion belonging to the first device, the first toothed assembly preferably being discontinuous about the first axis.
  • the second toothed assembly is formed by two jaws symmetrical with respect to a plane including the main axis of rotation and the translation axis, the second toothed assembly being preferably discontinuous about the second axis.
  • Each jaw has two toothed portions located on either side of a plane including the translation axis and perpendicular to the main axis of rotation.
  • the invention also has for mechanical system, for example a combustion engine, a pump or a compressor, comprising at least one mechanism as mentioned above.
  • the mechanical system comprises several mechanisms as mentioned above. These mechanisms can be arranged side by side, either in the same plane or in planes forming angles between them.
  • the mechanisms may comprise several pivoting devices interconnected by any suitable means.
  • the invention also relates to a motor vehicle equipped with at least one such mechanical system. According to a particular embodiment, several independent mechanical systems are embedded on the same vehicle.
  • Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of a mechanical system according to the invention, equipped with a motion conversion mechanism also according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a view along the arrow II in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view similar to Figure 1, on a larger scale, showing the partially torn mechanism
  • Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the mechanism
  • Figures 5 and 6 are sections on a larger scale, respectively along the line V-V and along the line VI-VI in Figure 2, showing a first configuration of the mechanism during its movement cycle;
  • Figures 7 and 8 are sections similar respectively to Figures 5 and 6, showing a second configuration of the mechanism during its cycle of movement;
  • Figures 9 and 10 are sections similar respectively to Figures 5 and 6, showing a third configuration of the mechanism during its cycle of movement.
  • Figures 1 to 10 is shown a mechanism 10 for reciprocal conversion between a rotational movement and an alternating translational movement of the movable coupling type.
  • the mechanism 10 equips a mechanical system 1, of the combustion engine type, partially shown for the sake of simplification.
  • the mechanism 10 comprises a casing 12, a pivoting device 20 and a sliding device 30.
  • the mechanism 10 comprises both a rod 40 and a gear 50.
  • the device 20 is rotatable R1 about an axis of rotation X20.
  • the device 30 is movable in translation, alternately in a movement T1 or T2, along a translation axis Y30 perpendicular to the axis of rotation X20.
  • the rotational movement R1 is represented by an arrow wound around the axis X20, while the translational movements T1 and T2 are represented by arrows in opposite directions parallel to the axis Y30.
  • the plane P1 includes the axes X20 and Y30
  • the plane P2 includes the axis X20 and is perpendicular to the axis Y30
  • the plane P3 includes the axis Y30 and is perpendicular to the axis X20.
  • the plane P3 forms a plane of symmetry for the entire mechanism 10. It also defines an axis X30 which is integral with the device 30, parallel to the axis of rotation X20 and perpendicular to the translation axis Y30.
  • An axis X40 is also defined which is integral with the device 20 and parallel to the axis X20.
  • the X30 axis is movable with the device 30, while the axis X40 is movable with the device 20.
  • a same center distance E40 is defined, on the one hand, between the axis X40 and the axis X20 and, on the other hand, between the X40 axis and the X30 axis.
  • the mechanism 10 passes through two mid-stroke configurations and two end-of-travel configurations, the latter also being classified as top dead center and bottom dead center.
  • the sliding device 30 has a maximum stroke C30 equal to four times the center distance E40, between the top dead center and the bottom dead center.
  • the device 20 rotates 360 degrees about the axis X20 and the device 30 sweeps twice the stroke C30.
  • the mechanism 10 is shown in a mid-race configuration in FIGS.
  • the mechanism 10 is shown in an intermediate configuration between mid-stroke and end of stroke in FIGS. 7 and 8, with the axis X30 which has moved in translation T1, while the axis X40 has rotated 45 degrees around the axis X20, with respect to the mid-stroke configuration of FIGS. 1 to 6.
  • the mechanism 10 is shown in an end-of-stroke configuration in FIGS. 9 and 10, with the axis X30 which has moved in translation. T1 along a stroke half C30, while the X40 axis rotated 90 degrees about the X20 axis, compared to the mid-stroke configuration of Figures 1 to 6.
  • the housing 12 comprises a housing block 14 and a tubular liner 16.
  • the block 14 comprises two parts 141 and 142 similar, assembled on both sides of the joint plane P2.
  • the block 14 comprises two cylindrical bearings 143 and 144, centered on the axis X20, arranged in symmetry with respect to the plane P3.
  • the bearings 143 and 144 are inserts in the parts 141 and 142, for example lubricated bearings, needle bearings, bronze rings or other self-lubricating material.
  • the bearings 143 and 144 are formed directly in the parts 141 and 142.
  • the liner 16 comprises two tubular portions 161 and 162 similar, respectively fixed to the portion 141 and the portion 142 of the block 14, arranged in symmetry with respect to each other.
  • Each portion 161 and 162 comprises two protuberances 163 provided for sliding of the sliding device 30 when it is close to the top and bottom dead spots.
  • the liner 16 delimits a cylindrical housing 164 centered on the axis Y30 and designed to receive the sliding device 30.
  • the casing 12 also comprises lubricant discharging means and gas passage vents, not shown for purposes of simplification. .
  • the swivel device 20 comprises a crankshaft portion 22, which belongs to the engine 1 and is partially shown for simplification purposes.
  • the unrepresented portions of the crankshaft 22 may mechanically cooperate with other movable hitch type mechanisms similar to the mechanism 10, arranged next to this mechanism 10 in the engine 1.
  • the crankshaft 22 protrudes out of the housing 12 along the axis X20, while the connecting rod 40 and the sliding device 30 are entirely housed in the housing 12.
  • the crankshaft 22 comprises two cylindrical shafts 23 and 24 centered on the axis X20, a cylindrical shaft 26 centered on the eccentric axis X40 and two radial portions 27 and 28.
  • the shafts 23 and 24 are trunnions, while the shaft 26 is a crankpin.
  • the shafts 23 and 24 are intended to be housed in the bearings 143 and 144. In the example of the figures, the shafts 23 and 24 protrude outside the block 14, while the shaft 26 and the parts 27 and 28 are entirely housed. in the housing 12.
  • the axis X40 is parallel to the axis X20, with the constant spacing E40 defined between them.
  • the portion 27 connects the shafts 23 and 26, while the portion 28 connects the shafts 24 and 26.
  • the portion 27 is provided with a toothed portion 61, while the portion 28 is provided with a toothed portion 62.
  • the parts 27 and 28 each comprise an enlarged portion 29 forming a counterweight disposed opposite the portions 61 and 62 relative to the axis X20, in order to balance the crankshaft 22 in rotation around the axis X20.
  • the portions 27 and 28 are symmetrical with respect to the plane P3, as are the shafts 23 and 24 and the shaft 26.
  • the toothed portions 61 and 62 form a first toothed assembly 60 integral with the pivoting device 20.
  • the sliding device 30 comprises two piston heads 31 and 32, a central piece 34, a toothed structure 36 comprising two jaws 37 and 38, and four assembly screws 39.
  • the device 30 is guided by the casing 12 in translation according to the Y30 axis. More precisely, the pistons 31 and 32 are guided in translation in the cylindrical housing 164 delimited by the jacket 16.
  • the pistons 31 and 32 each comprise a disc 31 1 and two projections 312, which extend from the disc 31 1 generally parallel to the axis Y30, towards the block 14 and P2 plane.
  • the projections 312 form the skirts of each of the pistons 31 and 32, that is to say the portion ensuring its guidance in the housing 164.
  • Each projection 312 has a convex outer surface 313 formed in a centered cylinder portion on the axis Y30, designed to slide in the housing 164.
  • Each projection 312 also defines a concave inner housing 314, adapted to receive the toothed structure 36.
  • the disc 31 1 has a face 316 facing outwardly of the mechanism 10.
  • the disc 31 1 also has annular grooves 317 provided to receive annular seals called segments, not shown for simplification purposes, for sealing between the device 30 and the housing 164.
  • the central piece 34 comprises a body 341 of generally annular shape and four tabs 344.
  • the body 341 has a cylindrical internal bore 342 and an outer surface 343.
  • the bore 342 is centered on the axis X30, which belongs to a plane of symmetry of the sliding device 30.
  • the tabs 344 extend from the surface 343 and each comprise an orifice 345 for receiving an assembly screw 39.
  • the structure 36 is mounted between the pistons 31 and 32 and the piece 34.
  • the two jaws 37 and 38 comprise an elongated body with a central portion 371 provided with a cavity 372, as well as two end tabs 374 each traversed by a orifice 375 for receiving an assembly screw 39.
  • Each tab 374 is received in one of the housings 314 of the piston 31 and 32 and receives one of the tabs 344.
  • the screws 39 pass through the orifices 315 and 375, then are screwed into the openings 345.
  • the structure 36 has lateral openings 362 making it possible to leave space available for the crankshaft 22.
  • Each jaw 37 and 38 has two toothed portions disposed on either side of the cavity 372 and the plane P3, respectively two toothed portions 73 and 75 for the jaw 37 and two toothed portions 74 and 76 for the jaw 38.
  • toothed portions 73 and 74 form a toothed crown portion 71 intended to cooperate with the toothed portion 61
  • the two toothed portions 75 and 76 form a toothed crown portion 72 intended to cooperate with the gear portion 62.
  • the crown portions 71 and 72 are located symmetrically on either side of the plane P3.
  • the crown portions 71 and 72 extend partially around the axis X30, ie they are discontinuous around the axis X30, due to the presence of the openings 362.
  • the toothed portions 73, 74, 75 and 76 form a second toothed assembly 70 integral with the sliding device 30, designed to cooperate with the first toothed assembly 60 secured to the pivoting device 20.
  • the rod 40 comprises a shoe 41 provided with a sliding surface 42 shaped as a cylinder portion, which is centered on the axis X30 when the rod 40 is disposed in the part 34.
  • the pad 41 and its surface 42 form a bearing hydrodynamic, preferably lubricated by an oil mist, received in the bore 342 of the piece 34.
  • the rod 40 is traversed by a cylindrical bore 43 which is centered on the axis X40 and receives the shaft 26 of the crankshaft 22
  • the same spacing E40 is defined, on the one hand, between the axis X40 and the axis X20 and, on the other hand, between the axis X40. and the X30 axis.
  • the rod 40 further comprises a hollow portion 44 integral with the pad 41.
  • the hollow portion 44 includes a cavity 45 formed between tabs 46, in this case four pairs of tabs 46 in the example of the figures, which deviate from the axis X30.
  • Each pair of legs 46 supports a roller 47 disposed on a shaft 48 parallel to the axis X30.
  • the outer surface of each roller 47 tangents the same cylinder portion defined by the sliding surface 42.
  • the rod 40 has openings 49 which are formed between the pad 41 and the tabs 46.
  • the cavity 45 and the openings 49 allow the passage gas through the P2 and P3 planes.
  • the openings 49 also reduce the weight of the rod 40 and save material.
  • the rod 40 performs a complete revolution around the axis X30 at each complete revolution of the crankshaft 22 around the axis X20.
  • the crankshaft 22 rotates in the direction of rotation R1 about the axis X20, while the rod 40 rotates in a direction of rotation R2 opposite the direction of rotation R1 about the axis X30, with the same angular velocity.
  • the rod 40 is rotatable about the eccentric axis X40 and is movable in translation T1 or T2 along the axis Y30 with the sliding device 30.
  • the rod 40 passes through a position 180 degrees from an earlier position. Between two half-way positions, the device 30 slides alternately following the translation movements T1 and T2. Between two end-of-travel positions, the device 30 is movable in translation T1 or translation T2.
  • the center distance E40 of the rod 40 is defined between the shaft 26 and the bore 342.
  • the surface 42 of the pad 41 slides in the bore 342 formed in the piece 34, while the rollers 47 roll in this bore 342.
  • the connecting rod 40 thus transmits forces between the shaft 26 and the bore 342, that is to say between the crankshaft 22 and the piece 34, in other words between the device pivoting 20 and the sliding device 30.
  • the pad 41 of the connecting rod 40 takes up the majority of the forces in comparison with the rollers 47.
  • the gear 50 comprises the first toothed assembly 60 integral with the pivoting device 20 and the second toothed assembly 70 integral with the sliding device 30.
  • the first toothed assembly 60 defines a base circle C60 centered on the eccentric axis X40 and having a diameter of base D60 equal to twice the center distance E40.
  • the base circle C60 is tangent to the two axes X20 and X30.
  • the second toothed assembly 70 defines a base circle C70 centered on the axis X30 and having a base diameter D70 equal to twice the base diameter D60, that is to say equal to four times the center distance E40.
  • the rod 40 is interposed between the portions 61 and 62 and between the portions 71 and 72 in a direction parallel to the axis X20, which improves the compactness of the mechanism 10.
  • the gear 50 is adapted to transmitting forces between the assemblies 60 and 70, that is to say between the crankshaft 22 and the structure 36, in other words between the pivoting device 20 and the sliding device 30.
  • the mechanism 10 is configured to operate both in the presence of the link 40 and the gear 50.
  • These two subsystems 40 and 50 are functionally complementary.
  • the gearing 50 no longer provides its motion transmission function because the toothed assemblies 60 and 70 no longer mesh.
  • the connecting rod 40 and the gear 50 have respective structures and arrangements that are particularly advantageous in terms of reducing the bulk and the mechanical stress concentrations.
  • the mechanism 10 is particularly compact.
  • the device 30, the rod 40 and the gear 50 are entirely housed in the housing 12, more precisely in the housing 164.
  • the crank arms, the toothed wheels and the toothed belt are too bulky to be housed in the cylinders receiving the pistons.
  • the ratio between the displacement and the mandolin is equal to 2/1, whereas in a conventional combustion engine, this ratio is generally of the order of 1 / 4.
  • the displacement is the volume swept by the device 30 in the housing 164, while the mandolin is the volume swept by the rod 40 in the housing 164, during a cycle of movement.
  • a more compact mechanism 10 makes it possible to make a motor 1 that is more compact and therefore more flexible in terms of implantation in a vehicle.
  • the saving of material leads to a gain in weight and a reduced cost.
  • the power of the friction forces is reduced.
  • each of the components of the mechanism 10 has a symmetry with respect to at least one of the planes P1, P2 or P3.
  • the housing 12 is generally symmetrical with respect to each of the planes P1, P2 and P3.
  • the pivoting device 20, the rod 40 and the gear 50 are each symmetrical with respect to the plane P3.
  • the sliding device 30 is symmetrical with respect to the planes P1 and P3. This facilitates the manufacture of the mechanism 10 and improves its balancing in service.
  • the mechanism 10 can equip any mechanical system 1 requiring a function of reciprocal conversion of movement between a rotational movement and a translational movement.
  • a mechanical system 1 can be a motor, a machine, a tool, a pump, a compressor, a motor-compressor or a generator.
  • the translation axis Y30 is orthogonal to the axis of rotation X20, but these axes are not intersecting.
  • the crankshaft 22 does not protrude out of the housing 10.
  • the system 1 is a motor-compressor for producing only compressed air, rather than driving an auxiliary device by the
  • the system 1 is a generator where an electromechanical portion is disposed on the sliding device 30.
  • the rod 40 does not have tabs 46 and rollers 47.
  • the rod 40 called “full” is only traversed by the cylindrical bore 43 and the sliding surface 42 extends all around of the axis X30, on the whole of the connecting rod 40.
  • the link 40 comprises two pads 41 formed on either side of the axis X30, with two sliding surfaces 42 opposite side and side. other of the X30 axis.
  • the rod 40 can be shifted out of the plane P3.
  • the gear 50 is not symmetrical with respect to the plane P3.
  • the gear 50 has toothed portions 61 and 71, but no tooth portions 62 and 72.
  • the jaws 37 and 38 are closed on the sides, in other words the toothed structure 36 is in one piece.
  • the toothed assembly 70 can be continuous around the axis X30, and not interrupted at the openings 362.
  • the sliding device 30 may comprise a single piston.
  • the constituent elements of the sliding device 30 can be fixed to each other differently.
  • the device 30 may be monobloc, in particular cut into the mass.
  • its components can be assembled by any combination of screws, nuts, bolts, pins, circlips ...
  • system 1 and the mechanism 10 can be adapted in terms of cost, functionality and performance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanism (10) for the two-way conversion between a rotational movement and a reciprocating translational movement. The mechanism (10) comprises a device (20) pivoting about a main axis (X20) and a device (30) sliding along an axis of translation (Y30) orthogonal to the main axis. The mechanism (10) comprises at once: a connecting rod (40) pivoting, on the one hand, about a first axis (X40) parallel to the main axis and secured to the pivoting device (20) with a constant distance-between-centres (E40) between this first axis (X40) and the main axis and, on the other hand, about a second axis parallel to the main axis and secured to the sliding device (30), with the same distance-between-centres (E40) that is constant between the first axis and the second axis; and a gearing (50) comprising two toothed assemblies (60, 70). The first toothed assembly (60) is secured to the pivoting device (20), centred on the first axis and has a first base diameter equal to twice the distance-between-centres. The second toothed assembly (70) is secured to the sliding device (30), centred on the second axis and has a second base diameter equal to twice the first base diameter. The invention also relates to a mechanical system and to a vehicle.

Description

MECANISME DE CONVERSION RECIPROQUE ENTRE UN MOUVEMENT DE ROTATION ET UN MOUVEMENT ALTERNATIF DE TRANSLATION, SYSTEME  RECIPROCAL CONVERSION MECHANISM BETWEEN A ROTATION MOVEMENT AND AN ALTERNATIVE MOTION OF TRANSLATION, SYSTEM
MECANIQUE ET VEHICULE La présente invention concerne un mécanisme de conversion réciproque entre un mouvement de rotation et un mouvement alternatif de translation. L'invention concerne également un système mécanique comprenant au moins un tel mécanisme, par exemple un moteur à combustion, une machine, un outil, une pompe ou un compresseur. L'invention concerne également un véhicule automobile équipé d'au moins un tel système mécanique.  The present invention relates to a reciprocal conversion mechanism between a rotational movement and a reciprocating translation movement. The invention also relates to a mechanical system comprising at least one such mechanism, for example a combustion engine, a machine, a tool, a pump or a compressor. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle equipped with at least one such mechanical system.
Un tel mécanisme comprend un dispositif pivotant mobile en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation et un dispositif coulissant mobile en translation suivant un axe de translation. L'axe de rotation et l'axe de translation sont orthogonaux, généralement perpendiculaires. L'un des dispositifs est menant, tandis que l'autre dispositif est mené. Si le dispositif pivotant est menant, le mécanisme transforme le mouvement de rotation réalisé par ce dispositif pivotant dans un unique sens de rotation en un mouvement de translation alternatif du dispositif coulissant, c'est-à-dire alternant entre deux sens de translation opposés. A l'inverse, si le dispositif coulissant est menant, le mécanisme transforme le mouvement alternatif de translation en mouvement de rotation. Dans certains cas, le mécanisme peut être réversible, avec une inversion possible entre dispositif menant et dispositif mené.  Such a mechanism comprises a pivoting device movable in rotation about an axis of rotation and a sliding device movable in translation along a translation axis. The axis of rotation and the axis of translation are orthogonal, generally perpendicular. One of the devices is driving, while the other device is driven. If the pivoting device is driving, the mechanism transforms the rotational movement produced by the pivoting device in a single direction of rotation into an alternating translational movement of the sliding device, that is to say alternating between two opposite translation directions. Conversely, if the sliding device is driving, the mechanism transforms the reciprocating translation movement into rotational movement. In some cases, the mechanism may be reversible, with a possible reversal between the driving device and the driven device.
En pratique, un tel mécanisme doit assurer une fonction de conversion de mouvement avec une grande fiabilité, malgré une exposition à des efforts cycliques importants. Son rendement énergétique doit être élevé, avec des frottements aussi réduits que possible entre ses pièces constitutives. Sa construction doit être simple, avec un nombre de pièces constitutives, un encombrement et un poids aussi réduits que possible.  In practice, such a mechanism must provide a motion conversion function with high reliability, despite exposure to significant cyclic efforts. Its energy efficiency must be high, with as little friction as possible between its component parts. Its construction must be simple, with a number of components, a footprint and a weight as small as possible.
De manière classique, un tel mécanisme peut être du type bielle-manivelle. Dans un moteur, le mécanisme correspond alors à l'attelage mobile comprenant une bielle, un piston et une partie du vilebrequin, ainsi qu'un bloc comprenant principalement des paliers supportant le vilebrequin, et des chemises, guidant les pistons. Il existe d'autres mécanismes moins répandus, par exemple du type came tournante et glissière, ou du type plateau incliné et patin glissant.  Conventionally, such a mechanism may be of the crank-handle type. In a motor, the mechanism then corresponds to the movable hitch comprising a connecting rod, a piston and a portion of the crankshaft, and a block comprising mainly bearings supporting the crankshaft, and shirts, guiding the pistons. There are other less common mechanisms, for example of the rotating and sliding cam type, or of the inclined plate type and sliding pad.
US-A-2003 183 026 décrit un exemple de mécanisme comprenant un dispositif pivotant qui inclut deux grandes roues dentées, un dispositif coulissant qui inclut une tige solidaire de deux pistons, deux paires de bras de manivelle supportant deux petites roues dentées, ainsi que deux courroies crantées engrenant chacune avec une petite et une grande roue dentée. Chaque paire de bras de manivelle comporte un bras articulé sur la tige, un bras solidaire du dispositif rotatif, les deux bras étant articulés entre eux au niveau de la petite roue dentée. Le mécanisme est encombrant et comprend un nombre important de pièces constitutives, ce qui n'est pas satisfaisant. US-A-2003 183 026 describes an example of a mechanism comprising a pivoting device which includes two large gears, a sliding device which includes a rod integral with two pistons, two pairs of crank arms supporting two small gears, and two toothed belts meshing each with a small and one large gear wheel. Each pair of crank arm comprises an arm articulated on the rod, an arm integral with the rotary device, the two arms being hinged together at the small gear. The mechanism is bulky and includes a large number of component parts, which is not satisfactory.
Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un mécanisme de conversion de mouvement amélioré.  The object of the present invention is to provide an improved motion conversion mechanism.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un mécanisme.de conversion réciproque entre un mouvement de rotation et un mouvement alternatif de translation, le mécanisme comprenant :  For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a mechanism for reciprocal conversion between rotational movement and reciprocating translation movement, the mechanism comprising:
- un premier dispositif mobile en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation principal ; et a first device movable in rotation around a main axis of rotation; and
- un deuxième dispositif mobile en translation suivant un axe de translation orthogonal à l'axe de rotation principal ; a second device movable in translation along an axis of translation orthogonal to the main axis of rotation;
caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme comprend à la fois : characterized in that the mechanism comprises both:
une bielle mobile en rotation, d'une part, autour d'un premier axe parallèle à l'axe de rotation principal et solidaire du premier dispositif, avec un entraxe constant défini entre ce premier axe et l'axe de rotation principal et, d'autre part, autour d'un deuxième axe parallèle à l'axe de rotation principal et solidaire du deuxième dispositif, avec le même entraxe constant défini entre le premier axe et le deuxième axe ; et  a rod movable in rotation, on the one hand, about a first axis parallel to the main axis of rotation and integral with the first device, with a constant spacing defined between this first axis and the main axis of rotation and, d on the other hand, around a second axis parallel to the main axis of rotation and integral with the second device, with the same constant spacing defined between the first axis and the second axis; and
- un engrenage comprenant un premier ensemble denté solidaire du premier dispositif et un deuxième ensemble denté solidaire du deuxième dispositif, le premier ensemble denté étant centré sur le premier axe et présentant un premier diamètre de base égal au double de l'entraxe, le deuxième ensemble denté étant centré sur le deuxième axe et présentant un deuxième diamètre de base égal au double du premier diamètre de base.  a gear comprising a first integral toothed assembly of the first device and a second integral toothed assembly of the second device, the first toothed assembly being centered on the first axis and having a first base diameter equal to twice the center distance, the second set toothed being centered on the second axis and having a second base diameter equal to twice the first base diameter.
Ainsi, l'invention permet d'améliorer la compacité, la fiabilité et/ou le rendement énergétique du mécanisme, avec un compromis satisfaisant. Le dispositif coulissant, la bielle et l'engrenage peuvent être logés dans un carter de dimensions réduites. La bielle et l'engrenage sont complémentaires et présentent des structures et agencements respectifs particulièrement avantageux, notamment en termes d'encombrement et de répartition des contraintes mécaniques.  Thus, the invention makes it possible to improve the compactness, the reliability and / or the energy efficiency of the mechanism, with a satisfactory compromise. The sliding device, the connecting rod and the gear can be housed in a housing of small dimensions. The connecting rod and gear are complementary and have respective structures and arrangements that are particularly advantageous, particularly in terms of space and distribution of mechanical stresses.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention, prises isolément ou en combinaison :  According to other advantageous features of the invention, taken separately or in combination:
- Le deuxième dispositif présente une course maximale égale à quatre fois l'entraxe, entre un point mort haut et un point mort bas du mécanisme. - La bielle comporte au moins un patin muni d'une surface de glissement dans un alésage solidaire du deuxième dispositif. - The second device has a maximum stroke equal to four times the center distance, between a top dead center and a bottom dead center of the mechanism. - The connecting rod comprises at least one pad provided with a sliding surface in a bore integral with the second device.
- La bielle comporte au moins un galet roulant dans un alésage solidaire du deuxième dispositif.  - The connecting rod comprises at least one roller rolling in a bore integral with the second device.
- La bielle comporte des ouvertures facilitant le passage des gaz contenus dans le volume du deuxième dispositif, principalement suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe de translation, ainsi que suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe de rotation principal.  - The rod has openings facilitating the passage of gas contained in the volume of the second device, mainly in a direction parallel to the translation axis, and in a direction parallel to the main axis of rotation.
- Lorsque le premier dispositif réalise un mouvement de rotation de 360 degrés autour de l'axe de rotation principal, la bielle réalise un mouvement de rotation de 360 degrés autour du deuxième axe en sens inverse du premier dispositif et avec une même vitesse angulaire.  - When the first device performs a rotational movement of 360 degrees around the main axis of rotation, the rod performs a rotational movement of 360 degrees about the second axis in the opposite direction of the first device and with the same angular velocity.
- L'engrenage est symétrique par rapport à un plan incluant l'axe de translation et perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation principal.  - The gear is symmetrical with respect to a plane including the axis of translation and perpendicular to the main axis of rotation.
- L'engrenage est situé uniquement sur un côté d'un plan incluant l'axe de translation et perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation principal.  - The gear is located only on one side of a plane including the translation axis and perpendicular to the main axis of rotation.
- Le premier ensemble denté est formé sur une partie de vilebrequin appartenant au premier dispositif, le premier ensemble denté étant de préférence discontinu autour du premier axe.  - The first toothed assembly is formed on a crank portion belonging to the first device, the first toothed assembly preferably being discontinuous about the first axis.
- Le deuxième ensemble denté est formé par deux mâchoires symétriques par rapport à un plan incluant l'axe de rotation principal et l'axe de translation, le deuxième ensemble denté étant de préférence discontinu autour du deuxième axe.  - The second toothed assembly is formed by two jaws symmetrical with respect to a plane including the main axis of rotation and the translation axis, the second toothed assembly being preferably discontinuous about the second axis.
- Chaque mâchoire comporte deux portions dentées situées de part et d'autre d'un plan incluant l'axe de translation et perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation principal.  - Each jaw has two toothed portions located on either side of a plane including the translation axis and perpendicular to the main axis of rotation.
L'invention a également pour système mécanique, par exemple un moteur à combustion, une pompe ou un compresseur, comprenant au moins un mécanisme tel que mentionné ci-dessus. Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le système mécanique comprend plusieurs mécanismes tels que mentionné ci-dessus. Ces mécanismes peuvent être disposés côte à côté, soit dans un même plan, soit dans des plans formant des angles entre eux. Les mécanismes peuvent comprendre plusieurs dispositifs pivotants reliés entre eux par tout moyen adapté.  The invention also has for mechanical system, for example a combustion engine, a pump or a compressor, comprising at least one mechanism as mentioned above. According to a particular embodiment, the mechanical system comprises several mechanisms as mentioned above. These mechanisms can be arranged side by side, either in the same plane or in planes forming angles between them. The mechanisms may comprise several pivoting devices interconnected by any suitable means.
L'invention concerne également un véhicule automobile équipé d'au moins un tel système mécanique. Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, plusieurs systèmes mécaniques indépendants sont embarqués sur le même véhicule.  The invention also relates to a motor vehicle equipped with at least one such mechanical system. According to a particular embodiment, several independent mechanical systems are embedded on the same vehicle.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif et faite en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels : la figure 1 est vue en perspective partielle d'un système mécanique conforme à l'invention, équipé d'un mécanisme de conversion de mouvement également conforme à l'invention ; The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which: Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of a mechanical system according to the invention, equipped with a motion conversion mechanism also according to the invention;
la figure 2 est une vue selon la flèche II à la figure 1 ;  Figure 2 is a view along the arrow II in Figure 1;
- la figure 3 est une vue en perspective analogue à la figure 1 , à plus grande échelle, montrant le mécanisme partiellement en arraché ;  - Figure 3 is a perspective view similar to Figure 1, on a larger scale, showing the partially torn mechanism;
la figure 4 est une vue en perspective éclatée du mécanisme ;  Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the mechanism;
les figures 5 et 6 sont des coupes à plus grande échelle, respectivement selon la ligne V-V et selon la ligne VI-VI à la figure 2, montrant une première configuration du mécanisme au cours de son cycle de mouvement ;  Figures 5 and 6 are sections on a larger scale, respectively along the line V-V and along the line VI-VI in Figure 2, showing a first configuration of the mechanism during its movement cycle;
les figures 7 et 8 sont des coupes analogues respectivement aux figures 5 et 6, montrant une deuxième configuration du mécanisme au cours de son cycle de mouvement ; et  Figures 7 and 8 are sections similar respectively to Figures 5 and 6, showing a second configuration of the mechanism during its cycle of movement; and
les figures 9 et 10 sont des coupes analogues respectivement aux figures 5 et 6, montrant une troisième configuration du mécanisme au cours de son cycle de mouvement.  Figures 9 and 10 are sections similar respectively to Figures 5 and 6, showing a third configuration of the mechanism during its cycle of movement.
Sur les figures 1 à 10 est représenté un mécanisme 10 de conversion réciproque entre un mouvement de rotation et un mouvement de translation alternatif, du type attelage mobile.  In Figures 1 to 10 is shown a mechanism 10 for reciprocal conversion between a rotational movement and an alternating translational movement of the movable coupling type.
Le mécanisme 10 équipe un système mécanique 1 , du type moteur à combustion, partiellement représenté dans un but de simplification. Le mécanisme 10 comprend un carter 12, un dispositif pivotant 20 et un dispositif coulissant 30. En outre, dans le cadre de l'invention, le mécanisme 10 comprend à la fois une bielle 40 et un engrenage 50.  The mechanism 10 equips a mechanical system 1, of the combustion engine type, partially shown for the sake of simplification. The mechanism 10 comprises a casing 12, a pivoting device 20 and a sliding device 30. In addition, in the context of the invention, the mechanism 10 comprises both a rod 40 and a gear 50.
Le dispositif 20 est mobile en rotation R1 autour d'un axe de rotation X20. Le dispositif 30 est mobile en translation, en alternance selon un mouvement T1 ou T2, suivant un axe de translation Y30 perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation X20. Le mouvement de rotation R1 est représentée par une flèche enroulée autour de l'axe X20, tandis que les mouvements de translation T1 et T2 sont représentés par des flèches de sens opposés parallèles à l'axe Y30.  The device 20 is rotatable R1 about an axis of rotation X20. The device 30 is movable in translation, alternately in a movement T1 or T2, along a translation axis Y30 perpendicular to the axis of rotation X20. The rotational movement R1 is represented by an arrow wound around the axis X20, while the translational movements T1 and T2 are represented by arrows in opposite directions parallel to the axis Y30.
Pour faciliter le repérage du mécanisme 10 dans l'espace, on définit trois plans orthogonaux P1 , P2 et P3 : le plan P1 inclut les axes X20 et Y30, le plan P2 inclut l'axe X20 et est perpendiculaire à l'axe Y30, tandis que le plan P3 inclut l'axe Y30 et est perpendiculaire à l'axe X20. Le plan P3 forme un plan de symétrie pour l'ensemble du mécanisme 10. On définit également un axe X30 qui est solidaire du dispositif 30, parallèle à l'axe de rotation X20 et perpendiculaire à l'axe de translation Y30. On définit également un axe X40 qui est solidaire du dispositif 20 et parallèle à l'axe X20. L'axe X30 est mobile avec le dispositif 30, tandis que l'axe X40 est mobile avec le dispositif 20. Un même entraxe E40 est défini, d'une part, entre l'axe X40 et l'axe X20 et, d'autre part, entre l'axe X40 et l'axe X30. To facilitate the identification of the mechanism 10 in space, three orthogonal planes P1, P2 and P3 are defined: the plane P1 includes the axes X20 and Y30, the plane P2 includes the axis X20 and is perpendicular to the axis Y30, while the plane P3 includes the axis Y30 and is perpendicular to the axis X20. The plane P3 forms a plane of symmetry for the entire mechanism 10. It also defines an axis X30 which is integral with the device 30, parallel to the axis of rotation X20 and perpendicular to the translation axis Y30. An axis X40 is also defined which is integral with the device 20 and parallel to the axis X20. The X30 axis is movable with the device 30, while the axis X40 is movable with the device 20. A same center distance E40 is defined, on the one hand, between the axis X40 and the axis X20 and, on the other hand, between the X40 axis and the X30 axis.
Au cours d'un cycle de mouvement, le mécanisme 10 passe par deux configurations de mi-course et deux configurations de fin de course, ces dernières étant également qualifiées de point mort haut et point mort bas. Le dispositif coulissant 30 présente une course maximale C30 égale à quatre fois l'entraxe E40, entre le point mort haut et le point mort bas. Au cours d'un cycle, le dispositif 20 pivote de 360 degré autour de l'axe X20 et le dispositif 30 balaie deux fois la course C30.  During a movement cycle, the mechanism 10 passes through two mid-stroke configurations and two end-of-travel configurations, the latter also being classified as top dead center and bottom dead center. The sliding device 30 has a maximum stroke C30 equal to four times the center distance E40, between the top dead center and the bottom dead center. During a cycle, the device 20 rotates 360 degrees about the axis X20 and the device 30 sweeps twice the stroke C30.
Le mécanisme 10 est montré dans une configuration de mi-course aux figures 1 à The mechanism 10 is shown in a mid-race configuration in FIGS.
6, avec l'axe X30 qui est confondu avec l'axe X20 et l'axe X40 qui est situé dans le plan P2. Le mécanisme 10 est montré dans une configuration intermédiaire entre mi-course et fin de course aux figures 7 et 8, avec l'axe X30 qui s'est déplacé en translation T1 , tandis que l'axe X40 a pivoté de 45 degrés autour de l'axe X20, par rapport à la configuration de mi-course des figures 1 à 6. Le mécanisme 10 est montré dans une configuration de fin de course aux figures 9 et 10, avec l'axe X30 qui s'est déplacé en translation T1 selon une moitié de course C30, tandis que l'axe X40 a pivoté de 90 degrés autour de l'axe X20, par rapport à la configuration de mi-course des figures 1 à 6. 6, with the axis X30 which coincides with the axis X20 and the axis X40 which is located in the plane P2. The mechanism 10 is shown in an intermediate configuration between mid-stroke and end of stroke in FIGS. 7 and 8, with the axis X30 which has moved in translation T1, while the axis X40 has rotated 45 degrees around the axis X20, with respect to the mid-stroke configuration of FIGS. 1 to 6. The mechanism 10 is shown in an end-of-stroke configuration in FIGS. 9 and 10, with the axis X30 which has moved in translation. T1 along a stroke half C30, while the X40 axis rotated 90 degrees about the X20 axis, compared to the mid-stroke configuration of Figures 1 to 6.
Le carter 12 comprend un bloc carter 14 et une chemise tubulaire 16. Le bloc 14 comprend deux parties 141 et 142 similaires, assemblées de part et d'autre du plan de joint P2. Le bloc 14 comporte deux paliers cylindriques 143 et 144, centrés sur l'axe X20, disposées en symétrie par rapport au plan P3. De préférence, les paliers 143 et 144 sont des pièces rapportées dans les parties 141 et 142, par exemple des coussinets lubrifiés, des roulements à aiguilles, des bagues en bronze ou autre matériau autolubrifiant. En alternative, les paliers 143 et 144 sont formés directement dans les parties 141 et 142. La chemise 16 comprend deux parties tubulaires 161 et 162 similaires, fixées respectivement à la partie 141 et à la partie 142 du bloc 14, disposées en symétrie par rapport au plan P2. Chaque partie 161 et 162 comprend deux protubérances 163 prévues pour le glissement du dispositif coulissant 30 lorsqu'il est proche des points morts haut et bas. La chemise 16 délimite un logement cylindrique 164 centré sur l'axe Y30 et prévu pour recevoir le dispositif coulissant 30. Le carter 12 comporte également des moyens d'évacuation de lubrifiant et des évents de passage de gaz, non représentés dans un but de simplification.  The housing 12 comprises a housing block 14 and a tubular liner 16. The block 14 comprises two parts 141 and 142 similar, assembled on both sides of the joint plane P2. The block 14 comprises two cylindrical bearings 143 and 144, centered on the axis X20, arranged in symmetry with respect to the plane P3. Preferably, the bearings 143 and 144 are inserts in the parts 141 and 142, for example lubricated bearings, needle bearings, bronze rings or other self-lubricating material. Alternatively, the bearings 143 and 144 are formed directly in the parts 141 and 142. The liner 16 comprises two tubular portions 161 and 162 similar, respectively fixed to the portion 141 and the portion 142 of the block 14, arranged in symmetry with respect to each other. in the P2 plan. Each portion 161 and 162 comprises two protuberances 163 provided for sliding of the sliding device 30 when it is close to the top and bottom dead spots. The liner 16 delimits a cylindrical housing 164 centered on the axis Y30 and designed to receive the sliding device 30. The casing 12 also comprises lubricant discharging means and gas passage vents, not shown for purposes of simplification. .
Le dispositif pivotant 20 comprend une partie de vilebrequin 22, lequel appartient au moteur 1 et est montré partiellement dans un but de simplification. En fonction de la configuration du moteur 1 , les parties non représentées du vilebrequin 22 peuvent coopérer mécaniquement avec d'autres mécanismes de type attelage mobile similaires au mécanisme 10, disposés à côté de ce mécanisme 10 dans le moteur 1 . Quelle que soit la configuration du mécanisme 10 au cours d'un cycle de mouvement, le vilebrequin 22 dépasse hors du carter 12 suivant l'axe X20, tandis que la bielle 40 et le dispositif coulissant 30 sont entièrement logés dans le carter 12. The swivel device 20 comprises a crankshaft portion 22, which belongs to the engine 1 and is partially shown for simplification purposes. Depending on the configuration of the engine 1, the unrepresented portions of the crankshaft 22 may mechanically cooperate with other movable hitch type mechanisms similar to the mechanism 10, arranged next to this mechanism 10 in the engine 1. Whatever the configuration of the mechanism 10 during a movement cycle, the crankshaft 22 protrudes out of the housing 12 along the axis X20, while the connecting rod 40 and the sliding device 30 are entirely housed in the housing 12.
Le vilebrequin 22 comprend deux arbres cylindriques 23 et 24 centrés sur l'axe X20, un arbre cylindrique 26 centré l'axe excentrique X40 et deux parties radiales 27 et 28. Les arbres 23 et 24 sont des tourillons, tandis que l'arbre 26 est un maneton. Les arbres 23 et 24 sont prévus pour être logés dans les paliers 143 et 144. Sur l'exemple des figures, les arbres 23 et 24 dépassent hors du bloc 14, tandis que l'arbre 26 et les parties 27 et 28 sont entièrement logés dans le carter 12. L'axe X40 est parallèle à l'axe X20, avec l'entraxe constant E40 défini entre eux. La partie 27 relie les arbres 23 et 26, tandis que la partie 28 relie les arbres 24 et 26. La partie 27 est munie d'une portion dentée 61 , tandis que la partie 28 est munie d'une portion dentée 62. Les parties 27 et 28 comportent chacune une portion élargie 29 formant une masselotte disposée à l'opposé des portions 61 et 62 par rapport à l'axe X20, afin d'équilibrer le vilebrequin 22 en rotation autour de l'axe X20. Les parties 27 et 28 sont symétriques par rapport au plan P3, de même que les arbres 23 et 24 et que l'arbre 26. Les portions dentées 61 et 62 forment un premier ensemble denté 60 solidaire du dispositif pivotant 20.  The crankshaft 22 comprises two cylindrical shafts 23 and 24 centered on the axis X20, a cylindrical shaft 26 centered on the eccentric axis X40 and two radial portions 27 and 28. The shafts 23 and 24 are trunnions, while the shaft 26 is a crankpin. The shafts 23 and 24 are intended to be housed in the bearings 143 and 144. In the example of the figures, the shafts 23 and 24 protrude outside the block 14, while the shaft 26 and the parts 27 and 28 are entirely housed. in the housing 12. The axis X40 is parallel to the axis X20, with the constant spacing E40 defined between them. The portion 27 connects the shafts 23 and 26, while the portion 28 connects the shafts 24 and 26. The portion 27 is provided with a toothed portion 61, while the portion 28 is provided with a toothed portion 62. The parts 27 and 28 each comprise an enlarged portion 29 forming a counterweight disposed opposite the portions 61 and 62 relative to the axis X20, in order to balance the crankshaft 22 in rotation around the axis X20. The portions 27 and 28 are symmetrical with respect to the plane P3, as are the shafts 23 and 24 and the shaft 26. The toothed portions 61 and 62 form a first toothed assembly 60 integral with the pivoting device 20.
Le dispositif coulissant 30 comprend deux têtes de piston 31 et 32, une pièce centrale 34, une structure dentée 36 comprenant deux mâchoires 37 et 38, ainsi que quatre vis d'assemblage 39. Le dispositif 30 est guidé par le carter 12 en translation selon l'axe Y30. Plus précisément, les pistons 31 et 32 sont guidés en translation dans le logement cylindrique 164 délimité par la chemise 16.  The sliding device 30 comprises two piston heads 31 and 32, a central piece 34, a toothed structure 36 comprising two jaws 37 and 38, and four assembly screws 39. The device 30 is guided by the casing 12 in translation according to the Y30 axis. More precisely, the pistons 31 and 32 are guided in translation in the cylindrical housing 164 delimited by the jacket 16.
Les pistons 31 et 32 comportent chacun un disque 31 1 et deux saillies 312, qui s'étendent depuis le disque 31 1 globalement parallèlement à l'axe Y30, en direction du bloc 14 et du plan P2. En périphérie, les saillies 312 forment les jupes de chacun des pistons 31 et 32, c'est-à-dire la partie assurant son guidage dans le logement 164. Chaque saillie 312 comporte une surface externe convexe 313, formée en portion de cylindre centrée sur l'axe Y30, prévue pour coulisser dans le logement 164. Chaque saillie 312 délimite également un logement intérieur concave 314, prévu pour recevoir la structure dentée 36. Chaque saillie 312 est traversée en diagonale par un orifice 315 de réception d'une vis d'assemblage 39. Le disque 31 1 comporte une face 316 orientée vers l'extérieur du mécanisme 10. Le disque 31 1 comporte également des rainures annulaires 317 prévues pour recevoir des joints annulaires appelés segments, non représentés dans un but de simplification, pour réaliser l'étanchéité entre le dispositif 30 et le logement 164. La pièce centrale 34 comporte un corps 341 de forme globalement annulaire et quatre pattes 344. Le corps 341 comporte un alésage intérieur cylindrique 342 et une surface externe 343. L'alésage 342 est centré sur l'axe X30, qui appartient à un plan de symétrie du dispositif coulissant 30. Les pattes 344 s'étendent depuis la surface 343 et comportent chacune un orifice 345 de réception d'une vis d'assemblage 39. The pistons 31 and 32 each comprise a disc 31 1 and two projections 312, which extend from the disc 31 1 generally parallel to the axis Y30, towards the block 14 and P2 plane. At the periphery, the projections 312 form the skirts of each of the pistons 31 and 32, that is to say the portion ensuring its guidance in the housing 164. Each projection 312 has a convex outer surface 313 formed in a centered cylinder portion on the axis Y30, designed to slide in the housing 164. Each projection 312 also defines a concave inner housing 314, adapted to receive the toothed structure 36. Each projection 312 is traversed diagonally by a hole 315 for receiving a screw The disc 31 1 has a face 316 facing outwardly of the mechanism 10. The disc 31 1 also has annular grooves 317 provided to receive annular seals called segments, not shown for simplification purposes, for sealing between the device 30 and the housing 164. The central piece 34 comprises a body 341 of generally annular shape and four tabs 344. The body 341 has a cylindrical internal bore 342 and an outer surface 343. The bore 342 is centered on the axis X30, which belongs to a plane of symmetry of the sliding device 30. The tabs 344 extend from the surface 343 and each comprise an orifice 345 for receiving an assembly screw 39.
La structure 36 est montée entre les pistons 31 et 32 et la pièce 34. Les deux mâchoires 37 et 38 comportent un corps allongé avec une partie centrale 371 munie d'une cavité 372, ainsi que deux pattes d'extrémité 374 traversées chacune par un orifice 375 de réception d'une vis d'assemblage 39. Chaque patte 374 est reçue dans l'un des logements 314 du piston 31 et 32 et reçoit l'une des pattes 344. Les vis 39 traversent les orifices 315 et 375, puis sont vissées dans les orifices 345. Entre les pattes 374 des mâchoires 37 et 38, la structure 36 présente des ouvertures latérales 362 permettant de laisser de l'espace disponible pour le vilebrequin 22.  The structure 36 is mounted between the pistons 31 and 32 and the piece 34. The two jaws 37 and 38 comprise an elongated body with a central portion 371 provided with a cavity 372, as well as two end tabs 374 each traversed by a orifice 375 for receiving an assembly screw 39. Each tab 374 is received in one of the housings 314 of the piston 31 and 32 and receives one of the tabs 344. The screws 39 pass through the orifices 315 and 375, then are screwed into the openings 345. Between the tabs 374 of the jaws 37 and 38, the structure 36 has lateral openings 362 making it possible to leave space available for the crankshaft 22.
Chaque mâchoire 37 et 38 comporte deux portions dentées disposées de part et d'autre de la cavité 372 et du plan P3, respectivement deux portions dentées 73 et 75 pour la mâchoire 37 et deux portions dentées 74 et 76 pour la mâchoire 38. Les deux portions dentées 73 et 74 forment une portion de couronne dentée 71 prévue pour coopérer avec la portion de roue dentée 61 , tandis que les deux portions dentées 75 et 76 forment une portion de couronne dentée 72 prévue pour coopérer avec la portion de roue dentée 62. Les portions de couronne 71 et 72 sont situées en symétrie de part et d'autre du plan P3. Les portions de couronnes 71 et 72 s'étendent partiellement autour de l'axe X30, autrement dit sont discontinues autour de l'axe X30, en raison de la présence des ouvertures 362. Les portions dentées 73, 74, 75 et 76 forment un deuxième ensemble denté 70 solidaire du dispositif coulissant 30, prévu pour coopérer avec le premier ensemble denté 60 solidaire du dispositif pivotant 20.  Each jaw 37 and 38 has two toothed portions disposed on either side of the cavity 372 and the plane P3, respectively two toothed portions 73 and 75 for the jaw 37 and two toothed portions 74 and 76 for the jaw 38. toothed portions 73 and 74 form a toothed crown portion 71 intended to cooperate with the toothed portion 61, while the two toothed portions 75 and 76 form a toothed crown portion 72 intended to cooperate with the gear portion 62. The crown portions 71 and 72 are located symmetrically on either side of the plane P3. The crown portions 71 and 72 extend partially around the axis X30, ie they are discontinuous around the axis X30, due to the presence of the openings 362. The toothed portions 73, 74, 75 and 76 form a second toothed assembly 70 integral with the sliding device 30, designed to cooperate with the first toothed assembly 60 secured to the pivoting device 20.
La bielle 40 comporte un patin 41 muni d'une surface de glissement 42 conformée en portion de cylindre, qui est centrée sur l'axe X30 lorsque la bielle 40 est disposée dans la pièce 34. Le patin 41 et sa surface 42 forment un palier hydrodynamique, de préférence lubrifié par un brouillard d'huile, reçu dans l'alésage 342 de la pièce 34. La bielle 40 est traversée par un alésage cylindrique 43 qui est centré sur l'axe X40 et reçoit l'arbre 26 du vilebrequin 22. Lorsque la bielle 40 est assemblée avec le vilebrequin 22 et la pièce 34, le même entraxe E40 est défini, d'une part, entre l'axe X40 et l'axe X20 et, d'autre part, entre l'axe X40 et l'axe X30.  The rod 40 comprises a shoe 41 provided with a sliding surface 42 shaped as a cylinder portion, which is centered on the axis X30 when the rod 40 is disposed in the part 34. The pad 41 and its surface 42 form a bearing hydrodynamic, preferably lubricated by an oil mist, received in the bore 342 of the piece 34. The rod 40 is traversed by a cylindrical bore 43 which is centered on the axis X40 and receives the shaft 26 of the crankshaft 22 When the link 40 is assembled with the crankshaft 22 and the workpiece 34, the same spacing E40 is defined, on the one hand, between the axis X40 and the axis X20 and, on the other hand, between the axis X40. and the X30 axis.
La bielle 40 comporte en outre une partie creuse 44 solidaire du patin 41 . La partie creuse 44 inclut une cavité 45 formée entre des pattes 46, en l'espèce quatre paires de pattes 46 sur l'exemple des figures, qui s'écartent de l'axe X30. Chaque paire de pattes 46 supporte un rouleau 47 disposé sur un arbre 48 parallèle à l'axe X30. La surface externe de chaque rouleau 47 tangente la même portion de cylindre définie par la surface de glissement 42. La bielle 40 comporte des ouvertures 49 qui sont formées entre le patin 41 et les pattes 46. La cavité 45 et les ouvertures 49 permettent le passage de gaz à travers les plans P2 et P3. Les ouvertures 49 permettent également de réduire le poids de la bielle 40 et de réaliser des économies de matière. The rod 40 further comprises a hollow portion 44 integral with the pad 41. The hollow portion 44 includes a cavity 45 formed between tabs 46, in this case four pairs of tabs 46 in the example of the figures, which deviate from the axis X30. Each pair of legs 46 supports a roller 47 disposed on a shaft 48 parallel to the axis X30. The outer surface of each roller 47 tangents the same cylinder portion defined by the sliding surface 42. The rod 40 has openings 49 which are formed between the pad 41 and the tabs 46. The cavity 45 and the openings 49 allow the passage gas through the P2 and P3 planes. The openings 49 also reduce the weight of the rod 40 and save material.
En pratique, la bielle 40 réalise un tour complet autour de l'axe X30 à chaque tour complet du vilebrequin 22 autour de l'axe X20. Le vilebrequin 22 tourne dans le sens de rotation R1 autour de l'axe X20, tandis que la bielle 40 tourne dans un sens de rotation R2 inverse du sens de rotation R1 autour de l'axe X30, avec la même vitesse angulaire. Dans le même temps, la bielle 40 est mobile en rotation autour de l'axe excentrique X40 et est mobile en translation T1 ou T2 suivant l'axe Y30 avec le dispositif coulissant 30. Au cours d'un tour, la bielle 40 passe par une position à 180 degrés par rapport à une position antérieure. Entre deux positions de mi-course, le dispositif 30 coulisse en alternance suivant les mouvements de translation T1 et T2. Entre deux positions de fin de course, le dispositif 30 est mobile en translation T1 ou en translation T2.  In practice, the rod 40 performs a complete revolution around the axis X30 at each complete revolution of the crankshaft 22 around the axis X20. The crankshaft 22 rotates in the direction of rotation R1 about the axis X20, while the rod 40 rotates in a direction of rotation R2 opposite the direction of rotation R1 about the axis X30, with the same angular velocity. At the same time, the rod 40 is rotatable about the eccentric axis X40 and is movable in translation T1 or T2 along the axis Y30 with the sliding device 30. During a revolution, the rod 40 passes through a position 180 degrees from an earlier position. Between two half-way positions, the device 30 slides alternately following the translation movements T1 and T2. Between two end-of-travel positions, the device 30 is movable in translation T1 or translation T2.
Au lieu de présenter un entraxe classique entre deux arbres, l'entraxe E40 de la bielle 40 est définit entre l'arbre 26 et l'alésage 342. La surface 42 du patin 41 glisse dans l'alésage 342 formé dans la pièce 34, tandis que les rouleaux 47 roulent dans cet alésage 342. La bielle 40 transmet ainsi des efforts entre l'arbre 26 et l'alésage 342, c'est-à-dire entre le vilebrequin 22 et la pièce 34, autrement dit entre le dispositif pivotant 20 et le dispositif coulissant 30. Le patin 41 de la bielle 40 encaisse la majorité des efforts en comparaison avec les rouleaux 47.  Instead of having a conventional distance between two shafts, the center distance E40 of the rod 40 is defined between the shaft 26 and the bore 342. The surface 42 of the pad 41 slides in the bore 342 formed in the piece 34, while the rollers 47 roll in this bore 342. The connecting rod 40 thus transmits forces between the shaft 26 and the bore 342, that is to say between the crankshaft 22 and the piece 34, in other words between the device pivoting 20 and the sliding device 30. The pad 41 of the connecting rod 40 takes up the majority of the forces in comparison with the rollers 47.
L'engrenage 50 comprend le premier ensemble denté 60 solidaire du dispositif pivotant 20 et le deuxième ensemble denté 70 solidaire du dispositif coulissant 30. Le premier ensemble denté 60 définit un cercle de base C60 centré sur l'axe excentrique X40 et présentant un diamètre de base D60 égal au double de l'entraxe E40. Le cercle de base C60 est tangent aux deux axes X20 et X30. Le deuxième ensemble denté 70 définit un cercle de base C70 centré sur l'axe X30 et présentant un diamètre de base D70 égal au double du diamètre de base D60, c'est-à-dire égal à quatre fois l'entraxe E40. La bielle 40 est intercalée entre les portions 61 et 62 et entre les portions 71 et 72 suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe X20, ce qui permet d'améliorer la compacité du mécanisme 10. En pratique, l'engrenage 50 est adapté pour transmettre des efforts entre les ensembles 60 et 70, c'est-à-dire entre le vilebrequin 22 et la structure 36, autrement dit entre le dispositif pivotant 20 et le dispositif coulissant 30. Le mécanisme 10 est configuré pour fonctionner à la fois en présence de la bielle 40 et de l'engrenage 50. Ces deux sous-systèmes 40 et 50 sont fonctionnellement complémentaires. A mi-course, comme aux figures 5 et 6, la bielle 40 n'assure plus sa fonction de transmission de mouvement à l'interface avec la pièce 34. En fin de course, comme aux figures 9 et 10, l'engrenage 50 n'assure plus sa fonction de transmission de mouvement car les ensembles dentés 60 et 70 n'engrènent plus. Néanmoins, la bielle 40 et l'engrenage 50 présentent des structures et agencements respectifs particulièrement avantageux en termes de réduction de l'encombrement et des concentrations de contraintes mécaniques. The gear 50 comprises the first toothed assembly 60 integral with the pivoting device 20 and the second toothed assembly 70 integral with the sliding device 30. The first toothed assembly 60 defines a base circle C60 centered on the eccentric axis X40 and having a diameter of base D60 equal to twice the center distance E40. The base circle C60 is tangent to the two axes X20 and X30. The second toothed assembly 70 defines a base circle C70 centered on the axis X30 and having a base diameter D70 equal to twice the base diameter D60, that is to say equal to four times the center distance E40. The rod 40 is interposed between the portions 61 and 62 and between the portions 71 and 72 in a direction parallel to the axis X20, which improves the compactness of the mechanism 10. In practice, the gear 50 is adapted to transmitting forces between the assemblies 60 and 70, that is to say between the crankshaft 22 and the structure 36, in other words between the pivoting device 20 and the sliding device 30. The mechanism 10 is configured to operate both in the presence of the link 40 and the gear 50. These two subsystems 40 and 50 are functionally complementary. Halfway, as in FIGS. 5 and 6, the connecting rod 40 no longer provides its function of transmitting motion at the interface with the piece 34. At the end of the stroke, as in FIGS. 9 and 10, the gearing 50 no longer provides its motion transmission function because the toothed assemblies 60 and 70 no longer mesh. Nevertheless, the connecting rod 40 and the gear 50 have respective structures and arrangements that are particularly advantageous in terms of reducing the bulk and the mechanical stress concentrations.
Dans le cadre de l'invention, le mécanisme 10 est particulièrement compact. Le dispositif 30, la bielle 40 et l'engrenage 50 sont entièrement logés dans le carter 12, plus précisément dans le logement 164. Par comparaison, dans le document US-A-2003 183 026, les bras de manivelles, les roues dentées et la courroie crantée sont trop encombrants pour être logés dans les cylindres recevant les pistons. Selon l'invention, le rapport entre la cylindrée et la mandoline est égal à 2 / 1 , alors que dans un moteur à combustion classique, ce rapport est généralement de l'ordre de 1 / 4. La cylindrée est le volume balayé par le dispositif 30 dans le logement 164, tandis que la mandoline est le volume balayé par la bielle 40 dans le logement 164, au cours d'un cycle de mouvement. Un mécanisme 10 plus compact permet de réaliser un moteur 1 plus compact, donc plus flexible en termes d'implantation dans un véhicule. Le gain de matière entraîne un gain de poids et un coût réduit. Globalement, par rapport à un système classique bielle-manivelle, la puissance des efforts de frottement est réduite.  In the context of the invention, the mechanism 10 is particularly compact. The device 30, the rod 40 and the gear 50 are entirely housed in the housing 12, more precisely in the housing 164. By comparison, in the document US-A-2003 183 026, the crank arms, the toothed wheels and the toothed belt are too bulky to be housed in the cylinders receiving the pistons. According to the invention, the ratio between the displacement and the mandolin is equal to 2/1, whereas in a conventional combustion engine, this ratio is generally of the order of 1 / 4. The displacement is the volume swept by the device 30 in the housing 164, while the mandolin is the volume swept by the rod 40 in the housing 164, during a cycle of movement. A more compact mechanism 10 makes it possible to make a motor 1 that is more compact and therefore more flexible in terms of implantation in a vehicle. The saving of material leads to a gain in weight and a reduced cost. Overall, compared to a conventional crank-handle system, the power of the friction forces is reduced.
Sur l'exemple des figures 1 à 10, chacun des éléments constitutifs du mécanisme 10 présente une symétrie par rapport à au moins l'un des plans P1 , P2 ou P3. Le carter 12 est globalement symétrique par rapport à chacun des plans P1 , P2 et P3. Le dispositif pivotant 20, la bielle 40 et l'engrenage 50 sont chacun symétriques par rapport au plan P3. Le dispositif coulissant 30 est symétrique par rapport aux plans P1 et P3. Cela facilite la fabrication du mécanisme 10 et améliore son équilibrage en service.  In the example of Figures 1 to 10, each of the components of the mechanism 10 has a symmetry with respect to at least one of the planes P1, P2 or P3. The housing 12 is generally symmetrical with respect to each of the planes P1, P2 and P3. The pivoting device 20, the rod 40 and the gear 50 are each symmetrical with respect to the plane P3. The sliding device 30 is symmetrical with respect to the planes P1 and P3. This facilitates the manufacture of the mechanism 10 and improves its balancing in service.
Par ailleurs, le système mécanique 1 et/ou le mécanisme 10 peuvent être conformés différemment des figures 1 à 10 sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.  Furthermore, the mechanical system 1 and / or the mechanism 10 may be shaped differently from Figures 1 to 10 without departing from the scope of the invention.
En variante non représentée, le mécanisme 10 peut équiper tout système mécanique 1 nécessitant une fonction de conversion réciproque de mouvement entre un mouvement de rotation et un mouvement de translation. A titre d'exemples non limitatifs, un tel système mécanique 1 peut être un moteur, une machine, un outil, une pompe, un compresseur, un moteur-compresseur ou un groupe électrogène. Selon une autre variante non représentée, l'axe de translation Y30 est orthogonal à l'axe de rotation X20, mais ces axes ne sont pas sécants. In a variant not shown, the mechanism 10 can equip any mechanical system 1 requiring a function of reciprocal conversion of movement between a rotational movement and a translational movement. By way of nonlimiting examples, such a mechanical system 1 can be a motor, a machine, a tool, a pump, a compressor, a motor-compressor or a generator. According to another variant not shown, the translation axis Y30 is orthogonal to the axis of rotation X20, but these axes are not intersecting.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, le vilebrequin 22 ne dépasse pas hors du carter 10. Par exemple, le système 1 est un moteur-compresseur servant à produire uniquement de l'air comprimé, plutôt que d'entraîner un dispositif annexe par l'intermédiaire du vilebrequin 22. Selon un autre exemple, le système 1 est un groupe électrogène où une partie électromécanique est disposée sur le dispositif coulissant 30.  According to another variant not shown, the crankshaft 22 does not protrude out of the housing 10. For example, the system 1 is a motor-compressor for producing only compressed air, rather than driving an auxiliary device by the In another example, the system 1 is a generator where an electromechanical portion is disposed on the sliding device 30.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, la bielle 40 ne comporte pas de pattes 46 et rouleaux 47. Par exemple, la bielle 40 dite « pleine » est seulement traversée par l'alésage cylindrique 43 et la surface de glissement 42 s'étend tout autour de l'axe X30, sur l'ensemble de la bielle 40. Selon un autre exemple, la bielle 40 comporte deux patins 41 formés de part et d'autre l'axe X30, avec deux surfaces de glissement 42 opposées de part et d'autre de l'axe X30.  According to another variant not shown, the rod 40 does not have tabs 46 and rollers 47. For example, the rod 40 called "full" is only traversed by the cylindrical bore 43 and the sliding surface 42 extends all around of the axis X30, on the whole of the connecting rod 40. In another example, the link 40 comprises two pads 41 formed on either side of the axis X30, with two sliding surfaces 42 opposite side and side. other of the X30 axis.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, la bielle 40 peut être décalée hors du plan P3.  According to another variant not shown, the rod 40 can be shifted out of the plane P3.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, l'engrenage 50 n'est pas symétrique par rapport au plan P3. Par exemple, l'engrenage 50 comporte des portions dentées 61 et 71 , mais pas de portions dentées 62 et 72.  According to another variant not shown, the gear 50 is not symmetrical with respect to the plane P3. For example, the gear 50 has toothed portions 61 and 71, but no tooth portions 62 and 72.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, les mâchoires 37 et 38 sont fermées sur les côtés, autrement dit la structure dentée 36 est monobloc. Dans ce cas, l'ensemble denté 70 peut être continu autour de l'axe X30, et non interrompu au niveau des ouvertures 362.  According to another variant not shown, the jaws 37 and 38 are closed on the sides, in other words the toothed structure 36 is in one piece. In this case, the toothed assembly 70 can be continuous around the axis X30, and not interrupted at the openings 362.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, le dispositif coulissant 30 peut comporter un unique piston.  According to another variant not shown, the sliding device 30 may comprise a single piston.
Selon une autre variante non représentée, les éléments constitutifs du dispositif coulissant 30 peuvent être fixés les uns aux autres de manière différente. Par exemple, le dispositif 30 peut être monobloc, notamment taillé dans la masse. En alternative, ses éléments constitutifs peuvent être assemblés par toute combinaison de vis, écrous, boulons, goupilles, circlips...  According to another variant not shown, the constituent elements of the sliding device 30 can be fixed to each other differently. For example, the device 30 may be monobloc, in particular cut into the mass. Alternatively, its components can be assembled by any combination of screws, nuts, bolts, pins, circlips ...
En outre, les caractéristiques techniques des différents modes de réalisation et variantes mentionnées ci-dessus peuvent être, en totalité ou pour certaines d'entre elles, combinées entre elles. Ainsi, le système 1 et le mécanisme 10 peuvent être adaptés en termes de coût, de fonctionnalité et de performance.  In addition, the technical characteristics of the various embodiments and variants mentioned above may be all or some of them combined with each other. Thus, the system 1 and the mechanism 10 can be adapted in terms of cost, functionality and performance.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
Mécanisme (10) de conversion réciproque entre un mouvement de rotation (R1 ) et un mouvement alternatif de translation (T1 ; T2), le mécanisme (10) comprenant : Mechanism (10) for reciprocal conversion between rotational movement (R1) and reciprocating translation movement (T1; T2), the mechanism (10) comprising:
un premier dispositif (20) mobile en rotation (R1 ) autour d'un axe de rotation principal (X20) ; et  a first device (20) rotatable (R1) about a main axis of rotation (X20); and
un deuxième dispositif (30) mobile en translation (T1 ; T2) suivant un axe de translation (Y30) orthogonal à l'axe de rotation principal (X20) ;  a second device (30) movable in translation (T1; T2) along a translation axis (Y30) orthogonal to the main axis of rotation (X20);
caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme (10) comprend à la fois : characterized in that the mechanism (10) comprises at one and the same time:
une bielle (40) mobile en rotation, d'une part, autour d'un premier axe (X40) parallèle à l'axe de rotation principal (X20) et solidaire du premier dispositif (20), avec un entraxe (E40) constant défini entre ce premier axe (X40) et l'axe de rotation principal (X20) et, d'autre part, autour d'un deuxième axe (X30) parallèle à l'axe de rotation principal (X20) et solidaire du deuxième dispositif (30), avec le même entraxe (E40) constant défini entre le premier axe (X40) et le deuxième axe (X30) ; et  a rod (40) movable in rotation, on the one hand, about a first axis (X40) parallel to the main axis of rotation (X20) and integral with the first device (20), with a constant center distance (E40) defined between this first axis (X40) and the main axis of rotation (X20) and, secondly, about a second axis (X30) parallel to the main axis of rotation (X20) and integral with the second device (30), with the same constant center distance (E40) defined between the first axis (X40) and the second axis (X30); and
un engrenage (50) comprenant un premier ensemble denté (60) solidaire du premier dispositif (20) et un deuxième ensemble denté (70) solidaire du deuxième dispositif (30), le premier ensemble denté (60) étant centré sur le premier axe (X40) et présentant un premier diamètre de base (D60) égal au double de l'entraxe (E40), le deuxième ensemble denté (70) étant centré sur le deuxième axe (X30) et présentant un deuxième diamètre de base (D70) égal au double du premier diamètre de base (D60).  a gear (50) comprising a first toothed assembly (60) integral with the first device (20) and a second toothed assembly (70) integral with the second device (30), the first toothed assembly (60) being centered on the first axis ( X40) and having a first base diameter (D60) equal to twice the center distance (E40), the second gear set (70) being centered on the second axis (X30) and having a second base diameter (D70) equal twice the first base diameter (D60).
Mécanisme (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième dispositif (30) présente une course maximale (C30) égale à quatre fois l'entraxe (E40), entre un point mort haut et un point mort bas du mécanisme (10). Mechanism (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the second device (30) has a maximum stroke (C30) equal to four times the center distance (E40), between a top dead center and a bottom dead center of the mechanism ( 10).
Mécanisme (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bielle (40) comporte au moins un patin (41 ) muni d'une surface (42) de glissement dans un alésage (343) solidaire du deuxième dispositif (30). Mechanism (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rod (40) comprises at least one pad (41) provided with a sliding surface (42) in a bore (343) integral with the second device ( 30).
Mécanisme (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bielle (40) comporte au moins un galet (47) roulant dans un alésage (343) solidaire du deuxième dispositif (30). Mechanism (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting rod (40) comprises at least one roller (47) rolling in a bore (343) integral with the second device (30).
5. Mécanisme (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bielle (40) comporte des ouvertures (45, 49) facilitant le passage des gaz contenus dans le volume du deuxième dispositif (30), principalement suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe de translation (Y30), ainsi que suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe de rotation principal (X20). 5. Mechanism (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rod (40) has openings (45, 49) facilitating the passage of the gas contained in the volume of the second device (30), mainly in a manner. direction parallel to the translation axis (Y30), as well as in a direction parallel to the main axis of rotation (X20).
6. Mécanisme (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lorsque le premier dispositif (20) réalise un mouvement de rotation (R1 ) de 360 degrés autour de l'axe de rotation principal (X20), la bielle (40) réalise un mouvement de rotation (R2) de 360 degrés autour du deuxième axe (X30) en sens inverse du premier dispositif (20) et avec une même vitesse angulaire. 6. Mechanism (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the first device (20) performs a rotational movement (R1) of 360 degrees around the main axis of rotation (X20), the connecting rod (40) rotates (R2) 360 degrees about the second axis (X30) in the opposite direction of the first device (20) and with the same angular velocity.
7. Mécanisme (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier ensemble denté (60) est formé sur une partie de vilebrequin (22) appartenant au premier dispositif (20), le premier ensemble denté (60) étant de préférence discontinu autour du premier axe (X40). 7. Mechanism (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first toothed assembly (60) is formed on a crankshaft portion (22) belonging to the first device (20), the first toothed assembly (60) preferably being discontinuous around the first axis (X40).
8. Mécanisme (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième ensemble denté (70) est formé par deux mâchoires (37 ; 38) symétriques par rapport à un plan (P2) incluant l'axe de rotation principal (X20) et l'axe de translation (Y30), le deuxième ensemble denté (70) étant de préférence discontinu autour du deuxième axe (X30). 8. Mechanism (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second toothed assembly (70) is formed by two jaws (37; 38) symmetrical with respect to a plane (P2) including the axis of rotation main (X20) and the translation axis (Y30), the second toothed assembly (70) being preferably discontinuous about the second axis (X30).
9. Système mécanique (1 ), par exemple moteur à combustion, pompe ou compresseur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un mécanisme (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8. 9. Mechanical system (1), for example combustion engine, pump or compressor, characterized in that it comprises at least one mechanism (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Véhicule automobile, caractérisé en ce qu'il est équipé d'au moins un système mécanique (1 ) selon la revendication 9. 10. Motor vehicle, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one mechanical system (1) according to claim 9.
PCT/EP2014/066571 2013-08-02 2014-08-01 Mechanism for the two-way conversion between a rotational movement and a reciprocating translational movement, mechanical system and vehicle WO2015014975A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1357731A FR3009361B1 (en) 2013-08-02 2013-08-02 RECIPROCAL CONVERSION MECHANISM BETWEEN A ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT AND AN ALTERNATIVE MOTION OF TRANSLATION, MECHANICAL SYSTEM AND VEHICLE
FR1357731 2013-08-02

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995030846A1 (en) * 1994-05-06 1995-11-16 Iraj Yadegar An apparatus for conversion of reciprocating motion to rotary motion and vice versa
WO2002025141A1 (en) * 2000-09-21 2002-03-28 Antoine Fuster Movement transforming device
US20030183026A1 (en) * 2002-03-29 2003-10-02 Korniyenko Alexsandr Y. Apparatus for converting rotary to reciprocating motion and vice versa
US20100031916A1 (en) * 2005-03-21 2010-02-11 Randall Wiseman Hypocycloid Engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995030846A1 (en) * 1994-05-06 1995-11-16 Iraj Yadegar An apparatus for conversion of reciprocating motion to rotary motion and vice versa
WO2002025141A1 (en) * 2000-09-21 2002-03-28 Antoine Fuster Movement transforming device
US20030183026A1 (en) * 2002-03-29 2003-10-02 Korniyenko Alexsandr Y. Apparatus for converting rotary to reciprocating motion and vice versa
US20100031916A1 (en) * 2005-03-21 2010-02-11 Randall Wiseman Hypocycloid Engine

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FR3009361B1 (en) 2015-09-18

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