WO2015012398A1 - Device provided with moisture-absorbing/releasing membrane, water vapor separator provided with device having moisture-absorbing/releasing membrane, and heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

　 [Problem] To provide a technique for high-efficiency exchange of water vapor and heat (ventilation) without any incidence of air admixing in a highly sealed/heat-insulated residence, office, factory, etc., liable to cause adverse effects on health, as in sick house syndrome, etc. [Solution] Heat is exchanged using a device (10) provided with a moisture-absorbing/releasing membrane in which is formed a membrane portion (13) that includes a water-vapor permselective moisture absorbing/releasing agent (14) in the openings (12) of a plate member (11) used as a carrier. Using this structure, heat exchange is performed allowing the movement of moisture between air from inside and air from outside even while toxic substances such as carbon dioxide or ammonia are blocked.

Description

Device with hygroscopic membrane and water vapor separator and heat exchanger with device with hygroscopic membrane

The present invention relates to a technology for performing heat exchange, and mainly relates to a device having a hygroscopic membrane for performing both sensible heat and latent heat exchange, and a steam separator having a device having the hygroscopic membrane. And a heat exchanger.

In recent years, global warming, rising prices of fossil fuels, blackouts caused by accidents at nuclear power plants, and the like have become problems, and high-efficiency use of energy and energy-saving activities are being promoted as countermeasures.
On the other hand, the number of installations and frequency of use of air-conditioning equipment in the consumer sector (household and business) is increasing, and the amount of energy used is expanding. Therefore, improvement in the efficiency of air-conditioning equipment and systems for the reduction is urgent. It is a problem.

For example, in indoor dehumidification air conditioning with an air conditioner, after the air is cooled and dehumidified below the dew point and the water vapor is separated, the low-temperature air is heated again and the relative humidity is adjusted, for example. Yes.

As part of high-efficiency use of energy, the living space has been made highly airtight. Therefore, it is required to keep indoor spaces such as residences, offices, commercial facilities, gymnasiums, event venues, factories, and automobiles in a sanitary air environment while achieving high airtightness. However, if the ventilation of the living environment is sparse due to high airtightness, sick house syndrome due to air quality deterioration may be induced. For this reason, continuous ventilation for 24 hours is desirable under conditions where a person is present indoors or in a vehicle.

However, if ventilation is strengthened, deterioration of air quality can be prevented, but indoor air conditioning load due to ventilation is increased, and in particular, latent heat load such as dehumidification and humidification is increased. Therefore, there is an adverse effect that the energy required for air conditioning increases against the purpose of energy saving.

In order to eliminate the above adverse effects, air from the room is circulated and exhausted through one of the two flow passages in contact with each other through a heat exchange structure having a water-permeable thin film such as Japanese paper. In addition, a ventilator that circulates air from the outside and introduces it into the room in the other flow passage is commercially available as a total heat exchanger.

In this ventilation device, heat exchange and moisture transfer are performed between indoor air and outdoor air via Japanese paper or the like provided in the structure. For example, in winter, indoor air is hot and high humidity, and outside air is low and low humidity. By exchanging heat with the ventilator, the air from the room is warmed by the air from the room, and the water vapor contained in the room moves to the air outside the room through the Japanese paper, which also moves the moisture. . Accordingly, the outside air is heated and humidified by the air from the room and is introduced into the room.
In summer, conversely, heat exchange and moisture transfer are performed between the low-temperature and low-humidity air from the room and the high-temperature and high-humidity air from the outside, and the air from the outside becomes relatively low-temperature and low-humidity. Will be introduced into the room.

However, in such a heat exchange structure used in the prior art, Japanese paper or the like, which is a film that transmits water vapor, does not have airtightness, and carbon dioxide or ammonia gas passes through the Japanese paper or the like. As a result, in the heat exchanger using this structure, there is a problem that contaminated components such as carbon dioxide and ammonia gas moved from the indoor air are mixed with fresh air from the outside. In order to prevent mixing problems in the heat exchanger, that is, contamination, it is possible to increase the thickness and number of Japanese paper, but in this case, if the sensible heat exchange performance and latent heat exchange (water vapor exchange) performance are reduced There are also difficulties.

Moreover, although it is not essential to perform heat exchange, it may be desired to move moisture from one gas to the other.
For example, a technique is known in which NO _x in exhaust gas is reduced by re-supplying exhaust gas in which oxygen from an automobile is diluted to the engine again. In this technique, it is strongly desired to reduce the humidity of the exhaust gas while keeping the oxygen concentration low. Therefore, it is desirable to move the water vapor of the exhaust gas to the outside air between the exhaust gas and the outside air, and not to move the oxygen contained in the outside air to the exhaust gas.
Therefore, a device including a moisture absorbing / releasing film for selectively allowing water vapor to permeate while maintaining a certain level of airtightness is also desired.

In order to solve these problems, for example, in Patent Document 1 below, a moisture absorbent is supported on the surface of a plate material and the like, and is brought into contact with air having a high relative humidity to adsorb water vapor. A desiccant ventilation system has been proposed in which water vapor is transferred to air to be humidified by bringing a plate material carrying an agent into contact therewith.

Japanese Patent No. 4341924

In the desiccant ventilation system described in Patent Document 1, after the hygroscopic agent absorbs water vapor on the flow passage side through which the air with high relative humidity flows, the drive for moving the hygroscopic agent to the flow passage through which the air with low relative humidity flows. A device is required.
Moreover, since it is necessary to provide a drive device, the device configuration of the desiccant ventilation system is complicated, and there is a problem that the cost increases, the device configuration becomes large, and the like.

Therefore, there is a need for a device having a moisture absorbing / releasing film that prevents the movement of gas components while improving the airtightness while allowing the movement of moisture, and also requires heat exchange using this device. It has been. Furthermore, there is a need for a water vapor separator that separates water vapor using these devices, and a heat exchanger that can perform sensible heat exchange and / or latent heat exchange.

In order to solve the above-described problem, in one embodiment of the present invention, a film including a carrier, an opening formed in the carrier, and an absorption / release agent formed in the opening to absorb and release moisture. A device comprising a hygroscopic film having a portion is provided.
Preferably, the film part has airtightness.
The device provided with the moisture absorbing / releasing film is preferably configured to have airtightness.

Fig.1 (a) is a perspective view of the device provided with the moisture absorption / release film | membrane which used the board | plate material as a support body based on Example 1, FIG.1 (b) is the sectional drawing. FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a device including a hygroscopic film using a mesh material as a carrier according to Example 2, and FIG. 2B is a partially enlarged view thereof. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a shell and tube heat exchanger according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. 4A and 4B are explanatory views of a device having a mesh-like hygroscopic film used in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, where FIG. 4A is an overall explanatory view, and FIG. 4B is an enlarged view of the film portion. (C) is explanatory drawing of a movement of a water | moisture content, (d) is explanatory drawing of the state of the moisture absorption / release agent and binder in an opening part. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a plate fin type total heat exchanger according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of humidity and temperature changes in outdoor air and indoor air that pass through a plate fin-type total heat exchanger according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 7 (a) is a perspective view of a device provided with a hygroscopic film according to Example 5 of the present invention, FIG. 7 (b) is a partial cross-sectional view thereof, and FIG. 7 (c) is for fixing the device. It is sectional drawing of a rivet. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a partially transparent perspective view of the heat exchanger according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10A is a partially transparent view of the heat exchanger according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention viewed from the front side, FIG. 10B is a plan view of the front side, and FIG. FIG. 10 (d) is a right side view thereof. FIG. 11 is a graph showing the moisture absorption rate relative to the relative humidity in an example of the moisture absorbing / releasing agent. FIG. 12 is a graph showing the correlation between the average particle diameter of the moisture-absorbing / releasing agent and the moisture permeability. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a comparative test result of moisture permeability and air permeability of the moisture permeable agent sheet.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as a device having a moisture absorbing / releasing film, a carrier, a plurality of openings formed in the carrier, and an absorption / release that absorbs and releases moisture provided in the openings. A moisture-absorbing / releasing structure having a film portion containing a wetting agent is formed. The hygroscopic structure itself does not necessarily have to be completely airtight. However, substantial airtightness may be required for the moisture absorbing / releasing structure, such as when the moisture absorbing / releasing structure is applied to a heat exchanger. Moreover, although it is not necessary for the hygroscopic structure itself to be completely airtight, a certain degree of airtightness may be required.
Therefore, depending on how much airtightness is required for the moisture absorbing / releasing structure, the carrier and the film part are substantially airtight or satisfy the required airtightness. One having airtightness can be selected.

In addition, as long as the moisture absorbing / releasing agent contained in the film part can absorb moisture under high humidity and release moisture under low humidity, any one may be used depending on the application. Can do.

In the following embodiments, the sorbent or moisture-absorbing polymer described in JP-A-2009-74098 is used as the moisture-absorbing / releasing moisture-absorbing agent. It is not limited. For example, in applications where moisture transfer through the membrane part from one side of the membrane part to the other side, such as a total heat exchanger, is necessary,
1) Water vapor is absorbed as moisture by a moisture absorbent on the surface of the membrane portion on the side in contact with the high humidity gas, and
2) Dissipates moisture from the moisture absorbent as water vapor on the surface of the membrane part in contact with the low humidity gas.
Anything can be used. Usually, a water vapor permeable film is formed by mixing fine particles of a moisture absorbing / releasing agent with an adhesive liquid binder, and carrying the mixture on a carrier and drying it.

Various names are given to substances that absorb moisture under high humidity and release moisture under low humidity. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-107070 describes “absorption and desorption agent”, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-11320. No. “Hygroscopic polymer”, “Porous hygroscopic polymer”, “Organic polymer sorbent”, and “Porous hygroscopic polymer” in JP-A-2000-17101. Yes.
Regardless of their names, these substances can be used for forming a water vapor selective permeable membrane as long as they absorb moisture under high humidity and release moisture under low humidity. In this specification, these substances are described as “moisture absorbing / releasing agents”.

For example, the sorbent described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-74098 has a performance suitable as a moisture absorbing / releasing agent. A graph showing the moisture absorption rate (% weight) with respect to the relative humidity of this sorbent is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 11, the sorbent described in JP-A-2009-74098 absorbs water vapor in air having a high relative humidity. At this time, heat of moisture absorption is generated. In addition, moisture is released as water vapor in the air having a low relative humidity, and the surrounding heat is taken away at this time. This operation does not depend on temperature but depends only on relative humidity. However, since the relative humidity changes with the temperature change of the air, this operation is apparently affected by the temperature.
As shown in the figure, the sorbent described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-74098 has a moisture absorption rate when the relative humidity is higher than other moisture absorbents, that is, silica gel A, silica gel B and active carbon. Very expensive.
When the relative humidity is lowered, the moisture absorption rate is also lowered, so that moisture that has been absorbed by then is released. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the difference between the moisture absorption rate when the relative humidity is high and the moisture absorption rate when the relative humidity is low is large. Therefore, it absorbs a large amount of moisture from a high-humidity gas, and releases a large amount of moisture to a low-humidity gas. Suitable for membrane.

In addition, this sorbent has high moisture permeability and low air permeability, and has excellent properties as a water vapor selective permeable membrane.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the results of measuring the moisture permeability and air permeability of a commercially available moisture permeable waterproof sheet on the basis of the moisture permeability and permeability of the sorbent in a tabular form.
As shown in this figure, the moisture permeability of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet manufactured by Company A is 0.5, and the permeability of Company B is transparent. The moisture permeability of the moisture and waterproof sheet is 0.8. Therefore, it is shown that the moisture permeable waterproof sheet manufactured by Company A and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet manufactured by Company B are less likely to move water vapor than the sheet coated with the sorbent. Regarding the air permeability, the air permeability of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet manufactured by Company A is 6 and the air permeability of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet manufactured by Company B is 15, where the air permeability of the sheet coated with the sorbent is 1.
Therefore, the moisture permeable waterproof sheet manufactured by Company A and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet manufactured by Company B are both more breathable than the sheet coated with the sorbent. Both moisture-permeable and waterproof sheets are more likely to mix air containing unpleasant components between gases that perform selective permeation of water vapor and heat exchange than sheets coated with a sorbent. Indicated. From the above, for water vapor separation and heat exchange, it is possible to select a water vapor separation membrane or a heat exchange membrane as appropriate, but the sorbent described in JP2009-74098A is particularly suitable. Is shown.

Water vapor can be moved between these gases by bringing the gases into contact with each other through the device having the hygroscopic film according to the embodiment of the present invention. At this time, heat exchange can also be performed through this device. In particular, the device provided with the hygroscopic film is a total heat exchanger for exchanging sensible heat and latent heat, for example, a total heat exchanger for exchanging heat and transferring moisture between indoor air and outdoor air. Suitable for
The present invention is not limited to air but can be generally used for water vapor movement and heat exchange between gases. The air from the room and the air from the outside are circulated through the first flow path and the second flow path formed through the moisture absorbing / releasing structure, respectively. Between, the moisture is transferred through the water vapor selective permeable membrane. Further, heat transfer is performed between the air from the room and the air from the outside through the moisture absorbing / releasing structure. Therefore, it is possible to introduce the air from the outside into the room after adjusting its temperature and humidity to match the air from the room.

In particular, indoor air has a high concentration of carbon dioxide due to human respiration, and contains harmful and unpleasant components such as ammonia and odorous components generated from humans and indoor materials. There is also. However, since the moisture absorbing / releasing structure has airtightness as described above, it is possible to prevent such undesirable gas components contained in the indoor air from moving to the outdoor air. Accordingly, the fresh air from the outside is adjusted so that the temperature and humidity thereof are close to the room air, and an undesirable gas component contained in the room air is not mixed into the room fresh air. It becomes possible to introduce to.

Thus, ventilation can be performed while preventing an increase in indoor air conditioning load and suppressing energy loss by performing heat (sensible heat) exchange and water vapor (latent heat) exchange.
Further, in such a moisture absorbing / releasing structure, it may be important to maintain airtightness. In this case, in addition to the carrier itself needing to have airtightness, the film portion formed on the carrier must be airtight and the airtightness must be maintained.

In addition, when a crack that penetrates the film portion of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure occurs or when the carrier of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure is not completely airtight, the moisture absorbing / releasing structure is not completely airtight. Don't be. However, depending on the application, the moisture-absorbing / releasing structure may not need to be completely airtight.
For example, when a hygroscopic structure is used for the total heat exchanger, air leakage occurs if the hygroscopic structure itself is not completely airtight. However, if the amount of leakage is less than the allowable amount, even if the hygroscopic structure is not completely airtight, the hygroscopic structure can be used for the total heat exchanger. The allowable amount in this case can be arbitrarily determined. When total heat exchange is performed between air containing odor components from the room and fresh outside air introduced into the room, the amount of leakage that does not cause odor in the outside air that is introduced into the room must be allowed for the amount of air leakage. Can be a value.

In order to ensure the airtightness of the membrane part itself, a binder can be mixed with a material constituting the membrane part that transmits water vapor, preferably a water vapor selective permeable material. For example, when the film part is formed at the opening of the carrier only with a material that transmits water vapor, the formed film part is brittle and cracked even if the film part is porous or the film part itself is airtight. There is a possibility that airtightness may be insufficient due to a tendency to occur. In this case, a sufficient airtightness can be obtained by forming a film portion by disposing a mixture of a material that transmits water vapor and a binder in the opening of the carrier and drying the mixture.

In addition, when forming a film portion using a granular moisture absorbent as a material that transmits water vapor, a binder is mixed as an adhesive with the granular moisture absorbent, and the mixture is placed in the opening and then dried. By performing the above, it is possible to form a film portion having airtightness.
In this case, it is required that the moisture absorbing / releasing agent is strongly bonded to the binder to such an extent that no cracks or the like occur in the formed film portion. Furthermore, it is required to allow the movement of moisture through the moisture absorbing / releasing agent. This is because when the binder does not transmit moisture and the binder completely covers the moisture absorbing / releasing agent, moisture cannot be transferred through the moisture absorbing / releasing agent.
Since moisture moves in a liquid phase in the moisture absorbent / release agent, the binder is preferably permeable to water in the liquid phase.

Further, the film portion may be formed by disposing a material that transmits water vapor only in the opening, but it may be configured so as to cover not only the opening but also the support. Since the sensible heat exchange is mainly performed in the carrier part of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure, a material that transmits water vapor may be arranged in the carrier part if this sensible heat exchange is allowed. is there.
In this case, the moisture can move from one side of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure to the other side by moving the moisture through the membrane formed on the carrier to the membrane formed in the opening. Become. Further, a film made of a material that transmits water vapor formed on the support can firmly fix the film formed on the opening of the support. In particular, when the moisture absorbing / releasing agent is bonded to the surface of the carrier with a binder, the moisture absorbing / releasing agent in the opening can be more firmly fixed.

On the other hand, even if the film itself is airtight, there is a possibility that the film may be cracked, cracked, etc., and the airtightness cannot be maintained. When such a crack occurs, the gases separated by the moisture absorbing / releasing structure pass through the crack and mix. For example, when total heat exchange is performed between indoor air and outdoor air via a water vapor selective permeable structure, carbon dioxide contained in the indoor air or uncomfortable through cracks in the water vapor selective permeable membrane. Gas components including substances are mixed in fresh air from the outside. Even in applications where a certain amount of air leakage is allowed, it is desirable to suppress as much as possible the occurrence of cracks and the like that cause leakage.

The main causes of such cracks include the strength of the film part and the stress associated with the film part. In particular, when the area of the film portion increases, the stress on the film portion also increases, and cracks and cracks penetrating the film are likely to occur.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the opening formed in the carrier is sized so as not to cause cracks or cracks, and the area of the opening is relatively small. For example, if the equivalent hydraulic diameter is 5 mm or less, and preferably the equivalent hydraulic diameter is 2 mm, even if cracks or cracks do not occur or cracks or cracks occur on the surface of the film, cracks or cracks that penetrate the film To prevent the occurrence of airtightness. In addition, when perfect airtightness is not required, the equivalent hydraulic diameter can be set to, for example, 7 mm or less and 10 mm or less to further increase the area of the opening.

In addition, it is desirable that the shape of the opening is a shape that prevents the occurrence of cracks and cracks due to stress concentration, but by reducing the area of the opening as described above, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks and cracks. If possible, the opening may be a hexagon or a rectangle. Preferably, the stress concentration in the corner portion can be prevented by rounding the corner portion of the hexagon or the rectangle. Moreover, you may make it avoid stress concentration by making an opening part circular.

In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, a plate material or a tube material was used as the carrier, a number of openings were provided, and the hydraulic equivalent diameter of each opening was 2 mm or less. Each opening was coated with a moisture-absorbing / releasing agent that absorbs water vapor and an adhesive binder, preferably a mixture of fine fibers such as cellulose, and then dried to form a water vapor selective permeable membrane. . As the moisture absorbing / releasing agent, for example, a sorbent described in JP 2009-74098A by Nippon Exlan Industry Co., Ltd. can be used.

As a result, the moisture absorbing / releasing agent is fixed to the opening in the form of a film through an adhesive binder. In this state, even if a fine crack is generated in the film part after drying, the crack is small and does not penetrate the entire film part, so that airtightness is maintained. As described above, if the opening is enlarged, cracks and the like are likely to occur. However, if the amount of air leakage due to the generated cracks is within the allowable range, the opening is made larger. It is also possible.

On the other hand, the hygroscopic agent film formed on the film part formed at the opening of the hygroscopic structure and exposed to the air surface absorbs water vapor from air with high relative humidity and binds in the form of water molecules. Take in water as a moisture absorber. At this time, since water undergoes a phase transition from the gas phase to the liquid phase, heat of condensation is generated. Water molecules taken into the moisture absorbent as a liquid phase move in the moisture absorbent, and from the exposed surface of the moisture absorbent that contacts the air side having a low relative humidity, into the air as water vapor. Dissipated. At this time, since water undergoes a phase transition from the liquid phase to the gas phase, it takes heat of vaporization from the surroundings.

Thus, the vapor phase water vapor in the air with high relative humidity flowing through one flow passage moves as liquid phase water in the adsorbent, and further, the relative humidity through the other flow passage is low. It moves in the air as vapor in the vapor phase. Also, since the membrane itself is relatively thin, the heat of condensation generated when water transitions from the gas phase to the liquid phase on one side of the membrane is required during the phase transition from the liquid phase to the gas phase on the opposite side of the membrane. It is consumed as a heat source for vaporization heat. Therefore, the generated heat of condensation can be utilized for the heat of vaporization, and the heat energy is not wasted.

In this way, the water vapor contained in the air with high relative humidity appears to move directly to the air side with low relative humidity. When there is a temperature difference between fluids flowing through the water vapor selective permeable membrane, heat can be transferred from the high temperature side to the low temperature side through the water vapor selective permeable membrane and the support.

Therefore, heat and water vapor move through the moisture absorbing / releasing structure, but gas components such as carbon dioxide and ammonia gas hardly pass through the moisture absorbing / releasing structure. It is possible to prevent contamination from occurring due to contamination of fresh air from outside by the contaminated components.

In addition, the plate material, tube material, mesh material, etc. that form the water vapor selective permeable membrane having such characteristics need only have a strength that can reinforce the water vapor selective permeable membrane formed in the opening. And design flexibility is high. Therefore, it is possible to easily manufacture a total heat exchanger such as a shell and tube type or a plate fin type by selecting an appropriate material as the plate material.
In order to promote the movement of water vapor, it is desirable that the total area (opening ratio) of the opening is large, but the shape of the water vapor selectively permeable membrane formed in the opening is prevented in order to prevent the generation of through holes. , Size is limited. Therefore, the opening does not have to have a certain shape or size. It may be preferable that the size and shape of the opening of the carrier are not uniform.
Moreover, the water vapor permeability of the water vapor selective permeable membrane is determined by the average particle diameter of the moisture absorbing / releasing agent.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relative change in moisture permeability when the average particle size of the moisture absorbent / release agent is changed. In this figure, the vertical axis represents moisture permeability, and the horizontal axis represents the average particle size (unit: 0.01 [μm]). Further, in this figure, the moisture permeability value “1” corresponds to 17 [g / m ² hr]. The air permeability due to the particle size was almost negligible up to a differential pressure of 5 [kPa]. FIG. 13 shows the correlation between moisture permeability and average particle diameter at a differential pressure of 5 [kPa].
As shown in this figure, when the average particle size is small, the distance between the moisture-absorbing / releasing agents is small, so the moisture permeability is also small. When the average particle size is increased to some extent, the moisture permeability rapidly increases, and the average particle size becomes about 0.2 [μm] and the moisture permeability reaches a maximum value of about 2.75.
Moisture absorbing / releasing agent has an average particle size of 0.15 to 0.3 [μm] and moisture permeability of 2.5 or more, average particle size of 0.1 to 0.45 [μm] and moisture permeability of 2 or more Therefore, the average particle diameter of the moisture absorbent / release agent is preferably 0.1 to 0.45 [μm], more preferably 0.15 to 0.3 [μm].

[Example 1]
FIG. 1A shows a perspective view of a hygroscopic structure 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional view thereof.
As shown in these figures, the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 10 uses a plate 11 as a carrier, and a polymer moisture absorbing / releasing moisture as a moisture absorbing / releasing agent having a water vapor selective permeability in the opening 12 of the plate 11. A film portion 13 containing the agent 14 is formed. This membrane part 13 becomes a water vapor selective permeable membrane. The plate material 11 is made of aluminum, copper, plastic or the like, and the thickness is preferably 1 mm or less and preferably 0.2 to 0.3 mm. As the polymer adsorbent, for example, a hygroscopic polymer described in JP-A-2009-74098 can be used.

Also, an adhesive resin was used as a binder. In the first embodiment, the plate material 11 has a planar shape, but the plate material 11 may have a tube shape or a curved surface shape. Further, in this moisture-absorbing / releasing structure, the opening ratio is preferably 50%, particularly 70% or more. In Example 1, the opening 12 has a different shape and size, and the opening ratio is 70%. The hydraulic diameter was 5 mm or less.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, in the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a film portion is formed on the opening 12 of the plate 11 serving as a carrier and the surface of the surrounding plate. 13 is formed. In this example, high-temperature and high-humidity air was brought into contact with the upper surface side of the hygroscopic structure 10, and low-temperature and low-humidity air was brought into contact with the lower surface side of the hygroscopic structure 10. As a result, it was confirmed that the heat and water vapor in the high-temperature / high-humidity air were respectively transmitted to the low-temperature / low-humidity air on the lower surface side of the hygroscopic structure 10. The water vapor transmission rate at that time was 20 g / m ² · h with respect to the effective area of the plate material including the opening.

Explaining the sensible heat exchange, heat is transferred by conduction through the plate member 11 and the film part 13 formed in the opening 12. Therefore, the average thermal conductivity through the hygroscopic structure 10 is affected by the thermal conductivity and thickness of the plate material 11 and the thermal conductivity and thickness of the film portion 13. The membrane portion 13 is a water vapor selective permeable membrane formed by mixing a polymer moisture absorbent / release agent 14 to be used and a binder that forms the membrane portion together with the polymer moisture absorber / release agent 14. FIG. 1 shows a state after the film part 13 is dried. The binder is interposed between the polymer moisture absorbent 14 and adheres thereto. Therefore, the thermal conductivity in the film part 13 is determined by the thermal conductivity of the polymer moisture absorbent 14 and the binder. Regarding the plate material 11, the average thermal conductivity can be improved by selecting a material having high thermal conductivity after satisfying conditions such as required strength and adhesion with the film part 13.

In this embodiment, after the mixture of the polymer moisture-absorbing / releasing agent 14 and the adhesive binder is disposed on the surface of the plate and the opening 12, the mixture is dried to open the opening of the plate 11 as the carrier. A film part was formed on the substrate. However, the film part 13 can also be formed by placing this mixture only in the opening part 12 and drying it. Furthermore, you may include at least one of a vegetable fiber and glass fiber in this mixture.

On the other hand, for latent heat exchange, vapor phase water vapor contained in the high-temperature, high-humidity air on the upper surface side of the moisture-absorbing / releasing structure 10 is absorbed by the polymer moisture-absorbing / desorbing agent 14 inside the film portion 13 in the opening 12. It absorbs moisture and releases heat of condensation to form a liquid phase. Thereafter, the water molecules in the liquid phase move in the film part 13 to the lower surface side of the film part 13 according to the moisture concentration, and are exposed to the low temperature and low humidity air on the lower surface side of the film part 13. Thereafter, the liquid phase water is vaporized by taking the heat of vaporization from the surroundings and becomes vapor in the vapor phase and moves into the low-temperature and low-humidity air.

At this time, the air to which the water vapor moves is at a low temperature, but heat is supplied to the film part 13 from the high-temperature air on the upper surface side of the hygroscopic structure 10 by heat conduction, and the upper surface of the film part 13 Condensation heat generated on the side also moves to the lower surface side of the film part 13 by heat conduction. Accordingly, these serve as a supply source of the heat of vaporization, and the liquid water molecules can take the heat of vaporization and vaporize.

Further, in this moisture absorbing / releasing structure, no cracks or cracks were observed in the film part 13. Even when the heat exchange was continuously performed for 5 hours, the phenomenon that the air components on the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 10 and other gas components contained in the air mixed with each other through the film part 13 was not recognized. .

Furthermore, mixing of water-soluble gas components such as ammonia through the membrane part 13 was not recognized. This is because in the film part 13, water molecules are absorbed and released by the polymer moisture absorbent, while ammonia is not absorbed and released by the polymer moisture absorbent and does not permeate the film part 13. Therefore, in this moisture absorbing / releasing structure, even when the gas component is water-soluble, it is prevented that the gas component is mixed with moisture.

Furthermore, a moisture absorbing / releasing structure having the same structure as the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 10 with an aperture ratio of 50% and an equivalent hydraulic diameter of 3.5 mm and 2 mm, respectively, is manufactured and heat exchange is performed as described above. As a result, it was confirmed that sensible heat exchange and latent heat exchange were performed in any of the moisture absorbing / releasing structures, no cracks or cracks were generated, and no gas mixing occurred.

On the other hand, as a result of manufacturing a moisture absorbing / releasing structure having an equivalent hydraulic diameter of 5 mm and an opening ratio of 60% and 70% and performing heat exchange as described above, any moisture absorbing / releasing structure was obtained. It was also confirmed that sensible heat exchange and latent heat exchange were performed, and that no cracks or cracks occurred and no gas mixing occurred.
It has been confirmed that by setting the equivalent hydraulic diameter to 5 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or less, it is possible to prevent gas mixture due to generation of cracks and cracks and to perform total heat exchange.

The magnitude | size of a film part should just be a magnitude | size which prevents generation | occurrence | production of the crack and crack in a film part. Since the ease of occurrence of cracks and cracks depends on the strength and flexibility of the carrier, the size of the film part or the equivalent hydraulic diameter can be adjusted depending on the material of the carrier.
Note that the aperture ratio is preferably 50% or more, particularly 70% or more so that latent heat exchange can be sufficiently performed. However, if the latent heat exchange is necessary and sufficient, the aperture ratio can be 50% or less.

Furthermore, the thickness of the carrier 11 and the film part 13 is thick enough to obtain the strength required for the film part 13 and the carrier, and thin enough to sufficiently exchange sensible heat and latent heat. Is preferred. In this example, the thickness of the carrier is 0.5 to 1 mm, but in the moisture absorbing / releasing structure in which the thickness of the film portion is 1 mm or more for the purpose of supporting the polymer moisture absorbing / releasing agent at a high density, The strength required for the film part 13 could be obtained, and sufficient heat exchange could be performed. Preferably, in order to fix and support the film part 13 and prevent the occurrence of cracks and the like, the material of the carrier is preferably formed of a material higher than the rigidity of the film part.

As described above, in Example 1, it was confirmed that the total heat exchange was performed using the planar moisture absorbing / releasing structure 10 using the plate 11 as the carrier. In addition, the board | plate material can use the arbitrary materials which have sufficient heat conductivity and heat | fever required to carry | support the film | membrane part 13 so that heat exchange is possible.

[Example 2]
FIG. 2A shows a perspective view of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 20 according to Example 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 2B shows a partially enlarged view thereof.

As shown in these drawings, the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 20 uses a mesh material 21 as a carrier, and the opening 22 of the mesh material 21 includes a polymer moisture absorbing / releasing agent 24 having water vapor selectivity. A film portion 23 is formed. As the material of the mesh material 21, general-purpose materials such as aluminum, copper, stainless steel, and iron can be used. The thickness of the mesh material is preferably 1 mm or less. As the polymer adsorbent, a hygroscopic polymer described in JP2009-74098A was used. Further, as the binder, an adhesive binder that has been conventionally used for carrying a mixture with a polymer moisture absorbent is used.
The moisture absorption / release structure has an opening ratio of 85% and an equivalent hydraulic diameter of about 3 mm.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, in the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the film portion 23 is formed in the opening 22 of the mesh material 21 that is the carrier. Yes. In Example 2, as in Example 1, high-temperature / high-humidity air is brought into contact with the upper surface side of the hygroscopic structure 20, and low-temperature / low-humidity air is applied to the lower surface side of the hygroscopic structure 20. Made contact. As a result, it was confirmed that the heat and water vapor in the high-temperature / high-humidity air were respectively transmitted to the low-temperature / low-humidity air on the lower surface side of the hygroscopic structure 20.

Explaining the sensible heat exchange, heat is transferred by conduction through the mesh material 21 and the film part 23 formed in the opening 22. Therefore, the thermal conductivity through the hygroscopic structure 20 is affected by the thermal conductivity of the mesh material 21, the thermal conductivity of the film part 23, and the film thickness. However, the area of the mesh material 21 itself in Example 2 is smaller than the area of the plate material 11 in Example 1. Therefore, in principle, the thermal conductivity in the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 20 is more influenced by the thermal conductivity in the film portion 23 than in the first embodiment.

Regarding the film part 23, the polymer moisture absorbent 24 used and a binder suitable for forming a film part together with the polymer moisture absorbent 24 (the film part 23 includes a binder, a polymer moisture absorbent and a The thermal conductivity in the film portion 23 is determined by the respective thermal conductivity of the film portion 23). Regarding the mesh material 21, it is possible to improve the thermal conductivity by selecting a material having a high thermal conductivity after satisfying conditions such as required strength and adhesiveness with the film part 23.

On the other hand, for latent heat exchange, vapor in the vapor phase contained in the high relative humidity air on the upper surface side of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 20 is transferred to the polymer moisture absorbing / releasing agent 24 inside the film portion 23 in the opening 22. It absorbs moisture and releases heat of condensation to form a liquid phase. Thereafter, the water molecules in the liquid phase move in the film part 23 to the lower surface side of the film part 23 according to the moisture concentration, and are exposed to the low relative humidity air on the lower surface side of the film part 23. Thereafter, the liquid-phase water is vaporized by taking the heat of vaporization from the surroundings and becomes vapor-phase water vapor and moves into the air having a low relative humidity.

At this time, the condensation heat generated on the upper surface side of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 20 moves to the lower surface side of the film portion 23 in the film portion 23 by heat conduction. Therefore, this becomes a supply source of the heat of vaporization, and the water molecules in the liquid phase can take the heat of vaporization and vaporize.

Further, in this moisture absorbing / releasing structure, no cracks or cracks were observed in the film part 23. Even when the heat exchange is performed for about 5 hours, the phenomenon that the air components on the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 20 and other gas components contained in the air are mixed with each other through the film part 23 was not recognized.

Furthermore, mixing of water-soluble gas components such as ammonia through the membrane part 23 was not recognized. This is because in the film part 23, water molecules are absorbed and released by the polymer moisture absorbent, while ammonia is not absorbed and released by the polymer moisture absorbent and does not pass through the film part 23. Therefore, in this moisture absorbing / releasing structure, even when the gas component is water-soluble, it is prevented that the gas component is mixed with moisture.

Furthermore, a hygroscopic structure having the same structure as the hygroscopic structure 20 with an aperture ratio of 85% and equivalent hydraulic diameters of 2 mm and 1 mm, respectively, is manufactured and heat exchange is performed as described above. As a result, it was confirmed that sensible heat exchange and latent heat exchange were performed in any of the moisture absorbing / releasing structures, no cracks or cracks were generated, and no gas mixing occurred.

On the other hand, as a result of producing a moisture-absorbing / releasing structure having an equivalent hydraulic diameter of 3 mm and an aperture ratio of 70% and 80% and performing heat exchange as described above, any moisture-absorbing / releasing structure was obtained. It was also confirmed that sensible heat exchange and latent heat exchange were performed, and that no cracks or cracks occurred and no gas mixing occurred.

Therefore, it has been found that by setting the equivalent hydraulic diameter to 3 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or less, it is possible to prevent gas mixture due to generation of cracks and cracks and to perform total heat exchange.

The size of the film portion may be any size that prevents the occurrence of cracks and cracks in the film portion. Since the ease of occurrence of cracks and cracks depends on the strength and flexibility of the carrier, the size of the film part or the equivalent hydraulic diameter can be adjusted depending on the material of the carrier.

Note that the aperture ratio is preferably 50% or more, particularly 70% or more so that latent heat exchange can be sufficiently performed. However, if the latent heat exchange is necessary and sufficient, the aperture ratio can be 50% or less.

Furthermore, the thickness of the carrier 20 and the film part 23 is thick enough to obtain the strength required for the film part 23 and the carrier, and thin enough to sufficiently exchange sensible heat and latent heat. Is preferred. In this embodiment, the thickness of the carrier and the film part is 1 mm. However, even in the moisture absorbing / releasing structure having a film part thickness of 1 mm or less, the strength required for the film part 23 can be obtained and sufficient. Heat exchange was possible. As described above, in Example 2, it was confirmed that the total heat exchange was performed using the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 20 using the mesh material 21 as the carrier. As the mesh material, any material having sufficient heat conductivity to enable heat exchange and strength necessary for supporting the film portion 23 can be used.

In any of Examples 1 and 2, the polymer moisture-absorbing / releasing agent and the binder were mixed, and this mixture was applied to the opening and then dried to form a film part. Not only this method, but also a polymer moisture absorbing / releasing agent so that a viscosity suitable for application to the opening can be obtained, and the required strength and cracks and cracks are less likely to occur in the film formed after drying. On the other hand, the film part can be formed by appropriately selecting and mixing one or more of cellulose fibers (for example, fine cellulose fibers and vegetable fibers) and glass fibers.

The thickness of the film part was almost the same as the thickness of the carrier, and the thickness of the plate material in Example 1 and the thickness of the mesh material in Example 2. However, if the strength of the film part can be maintained, the thickness of the film part may be adjusted as appropriate to make it thicker than the thickness of the carrier, or may be made thinner.

As the binder, an adhesive resin or the like can be used as long as it can form an airtight film containing a polymeric moisture absorbent. However, the binder is required to have a property that does not inhibit the contact of water vapor in the air with the polymer moisture absorbent in the contact surface with the air after drying. Moreover, in Examples 1 and 2, although the mixture which mixed the polymeric moisture absorption / release agent, the binder, etc. was apply | coated to the opening part, it can replace with application | coating instead of application | coating according to the viscosity of a mixture.

The polymer moisture absorbing / releasing agent carried in the opening is firmly fixed to the base material (plate material, tube material, mesh material, etc.) by the binder and fine cellulose fibers, so that the film part is cracked during the drying process. Hateful. Moreover, even if a crack occurred on the surface of the film part, the crack was very shallow and did not penetrate the film part. Therefore, since the flow of air from one side of the air to the other side is not permitted, it is possible to carry the polymer moisture absorbing / releasing agent in an air tight state. As a result, the water vapor absorbed by the polymer moisture absorbent from the air side with high relative humidity passes through the inside of the polymer moisture absorbent as the liquid phase, The phenomenon of being diffused into the air as water vapor becomes possible.

Next, a heat exchanger using the above moisture absorbing / releasing structure will be described. A heat exchanger will not be specifically limited if it is the structure which performs total heat exchange between the gases which contact | connect through this moisture absorption / release structure. In the following Examples, total heat exchange was performed by employing the above-described moisture absorbing / releasing structure in a shell and tube heat exchanger.

[Example 3]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, an air supply duct for supplying outdoor air to the room and an exhaust duct for discharging indoor air to the outside are formed independently, and the air supply duct and the exhaust duct are formed in a shell and tube type. The total heat exchanger was connected to the shell side (tube outer side) and the tube side (tube inner side). In contrast to this configuration, the air supply duct and the exhaust duct may be connected to the tube side and the shell side of the shell-and-tube type total heat exchanger, respectively.

Moreover, in order to improve the sensible heat exchange efficiency and the latent heat exchange efficiency, the flow direction of the air on the shell side and the flow direction of the air flowing on the tube side are so-called counter flow types in which these directions are opposite to each other. I did it.
In principle, a parallel flow type can be used, but a counter flow type is preferable in order to improve sensible heat exchange efficiency and latent heat exchange efficiency.

The heat exchange tube in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger having such a flow path configuration was manufactured by forming the plate-like moisture absorbing / releasing structure in Example 1 into a tube shape as shown in FIG. Air from the outside flows through the air supply duct on the shell side, and air from the room flows through the exhaust duct on the tube side. Between the air from the outside and the air from the room, sensible heat exchange is performed according to the relative temperature difference through the tube carrier and the polymer moisture-absorbing / releasing agent film, and the polymer adsorption / release on the tube surface is performed. Through the wet film, latent heat exchange is performed according to the relative humidity difference, and moisture moves.

As shown in Example 1, the polymer moisture-absorbing / releasing agent film supported on the tube surface is a thin film having a thickness of 1 mm or less, so that heat transfer due to temperature difference easily occurs. On the other hand, with respect to air and gases mixed in the air, such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, odor components, and the like, the carrier and the film portion have airtightness, and thus cannot move between the tube side and the shell side.

However, water vapor is taken into the polymer moisture absorbent from the air on the high relative humidity side, and moves in the form of water in the polymer moisture absorbent. In this heat exchanger, it has been confirmed that moisture moves from air on the high humidity side to air on the relatively low humidity side and is released into the air as water vapor.

As a result, heat and water vapor are transferred between the shell-side air and the tube-side air due to temperature differences and relative humidity differences in the shell-and-tube total heat exchanger. .

FIG. 3 shows a shell-and-tube type total heat exchanger 50 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in this figure, the total heat exchanger 50 includes a left header cover 53L, a shell 54, and a right header cover 53R, and the left header cover 53L is airtightly provided to the shell via the left header 57L. ing. The right header cover 53R is airtightly provided to the shell via the right header 57R.
A plurality of tubes 51 are fixed to the left header 57L and the right header 57R in a tight state without air leakage. Further, a rectifying plate 52 for adjusting the air flow path is provided in the shell.

In this example, the tube 51 used was a tube-shaped hygroscopic structure 10 using a mesh material as a carrier shown in Example 2.
The shell 54 is provided with an inflow port 55a and a discharge port 55b. A duct 41 for taking in air from the outside (indicated by B in the figure) is introduced into the inflow port 55a, and heat-exchanged air is introduced into the room (indicated as A in the figure) at the outlet 55b. Ducts 42 are connected to each other.

The left header cover 53L is provided with an inflow port 56a, and the right header cover 53R is provided with a discharge port 56b. A duct 31 for taking in air from the room is connected to the inflow port 56a, and a duct 32 for discharging the air after heat exchange to the outside is connected to the discharge port 56b.
In addition, a ventilation fan, an air filter, etc. (not shown) can also be provided in each duct.

In the total heat exchanger 50, air from the room flows into the space formed by the left header cover 53L and the left header 57L of the total heat exchanger 50 from the duct 31 through the inlet 56a. Thereafter, the air from the room flows into the space formed by the right header 57R and the right header cover 53R after exchanging heat with the air from the outside flowing through the inside of each tube 51 and flowing through the shell 54. Discharged. Thereafter, the air from the room is discharged from the discharge port 56b to the outside through the discharge duct 32.

On the other hand, air from the outside flows from the duct 41 through the inflow port 55a into a space formed between the shell 54 and the right header 57R and the left header 57L provided airtight at both ends thereof. Thereafter, the air from the outside exchanges heat with the air from the room flowing through the tubes 51 in this space of the shell 54 and then is introduced into the room through the duct 42 from the discharge port 55b.
Thus, in the shell 54, heat exchange is performed between the air from the room flowing inside the tube and the air from the room flowing outside the tube.

In this Example 3, each tube 51 is formed from a moisture absorbing / releasing structure that has a tube shape. In addition, water vapor is transferred between the air flowing inside and outside the tube through a film portion formed of a polymer moisture absorbent and binder and supported on the mesh surface. Therefore, latent heat exchange is performed, and the air moves from the air on the high humidity side to the air on the low humidity side. Further, sensible heat exchange is also performed through the entire tube including the mesh surface and the membrane portion. Therefore, since total heat exchange is continuously performed between the air from the room and the air from the room, it is possible to supply humidity-conditioned and temperature-controlled outside air to the room.

Next, the detailed configuration of the shell and tube type total heat exchanger according to the present invention shown in Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
4A is a diagram showing a tube 51 using a mesh material as a carrier used in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger shown in FIG. 3 and a film part 51a formed in the opening. 4 (b) is an enlarged view thereof. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the polymer moisture absorbent 51c is bonded and supported on the opening 51b of each tube 51 by a binder 51d. Thereby, the film | membrane part 51a is formed in the opening part 51b of the mesh material 51e.

In FIG. 4, only a part of the film part 51 a is shown, but actually, the film part 51 a is formed over the entire cylindrical side surface of the tube 51.
As indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4C, the vapor phase water vapor H ₂ O (V) in the air on one side of the film part 51a contacts the film part 51a. Thereafter, the water vapor absorbed by the polymer moisture-absorbing / releasing material 51c becomes liquid-phase water H ₂ O (L) and moves in the film part 51a. The water vapor becomes H ₂ O (V) and moves to the air on the other side of the film part 51a.
Since the film thickness of the film part 51a is set to 1 mm or less, high heat exchange property was obtained. In addition, apparently high water vapor permeability is ensured. Furthermore, as in Example 1, no mixing of ammonia, carbon dioxide, gaseous unpleasant substances, etc. was observed. This is because, as shown in FIG. 4 (d), the polymer moisture-absorbing / releasing agent 51c is tightly filled and supported in the mesh opening 51b together with the binder 51d as an adhesive. For the sake of explanation, FIG. 4D shows an enlarged view of the polymer moisture absorbent 51c.

Therefore, vapor in the gas phase is absorbed by a hygroscopic resin such as a polymeric moisture absorbent having hygroscopicity on the high humidity side, and is taken into the resin as liquid phase water. The taken-in water moves to the low humidity side in the resin and evaporates as vapor in the vapor phase into the air on the low humidity side.

Since it is a thin film having such a water vapor movement mechanism, it appears that only water vapor passes and other gases cannot pass through, so the occurrence of contamination is less than that of films using conventional Japanese paper. In addition to being greatly suppressed, it has good heat exchange properties.

[Example 4]
In Example 4, the moisture-absorbing / releasing structure 10 shown in Example 1 shown in FIG. 5 is formed into a shape having a step by forming a cross-sectional L shape and an inverted L shape and connecting them alternately. The plate fin heat exchanger 6 formed by the sheet-like moisture absorbing / releasing structure 80, the end plate 61, and the side plates 62, 63, 64 formed as described above generates heat between air from the room and air from the room. Exchange and moisture transfer were performed. The side plates 62, 63, 64 are provided with gaps 71, 72, 73 and 74.
The moisture absorbing / releasing structure 80 is formed by bending the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 10 shown in Example 1 into a U-shape, and these U-shaped moisture absorbing / releasing structures as shown in FIG. It is also possible to form the body 10 by adhering it via the connecting plate 81 on the side surface.

The air from the outside is introduced into the odd-numbered stages of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 80 through the gap 71 as indicated by an arrow, flows through the stages, and is introduced into the room through the gap 72. In the figure, as an example of odd-numbered stages, the ninth stage is shown as S9.
On the other hand, the air from the room is introduced into the even-numbered stages of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 80 through the gap 73 as indicated by an arrow, flows through the stages, and is exhausted to the outside through the gap 74. In the drawing, the second stage is shown as S2 as an example of even stages. As described above, the odd-numbered stages and the even-numbered stages of the plate fin type heat exchanger 6 of FIG. 5 are separated by the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 80 to form a counter flow type flow path. As a result, total heat exchange is performed between the odd-numbered stages and the air flowing through the even-numbered stages through the hygroscopic structure 80 as described in the first and second embodiments.

FIG. 6 shows a wet air diagram for explaining heat exchange between indoor air and outdoor air in the shell-and-tube total heat exchanger according to the present invention.
For example, in the case of summer operation, as shown in the wet air diagram of FIG. 6, both air passing through the total heat exchanger are indicated by point A in outside air (point A) and room air (point B) (high (Temperature, high humidity) and point B (low temperature, low humidity) move inside the rectangle surrounded by (low temperature, low humidity) to reach each outlet state (exit C point of passing outside air, outlet D point of passing indoor air) . Since the flow rate of outside air and room air that pass through is basically the same, the enthalpy difference between points A and C and the enthalpy difference between points B and D are equal, and the enthalpy difference between points A and B relative to these values. Is the total heat exchange rate.

[Example 5]
FIG. 7A shows a perspective view of a plate-like hygroscopic structure 90 which is a device provided with the hygroscopic film according to Example 5, and a partial cross-sectional view thereof is shown in FIG. Shown in Further, FIG. 7C shows a cross-sectional view of a rivet that is a fixing member of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90.
As shown in FIG. 7A, the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 includes a thin plate-like moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91, a plate-like first carrier 92 and a second carrier each having a plurality of openings 94 formed therein. The body 93 is sandwiched and fixed. Although the fixing means is not particularly limited, in this embodiment, the thin plate-like moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91, the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93 are shown in FIG. It is fixed to be

As shown in FIG. 7 (c), the rivet portion 95 is coupled to the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91, the penetrating portion 96 penetrating the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93, and coupled to the penetrating portion 96. The first head portion 97 that protrudes from the first carrier 92 and the second head portion 98 that is coupled to the penetrating portion and protrudes from the second carrier 93 are configured. The first head portion 97 and the second head portion 98 each have a larger diameter than the penetrating portion 96, and the moisture absorption / release portion 91 and the like are sandwiched and fixed by these head portions 97 and 98.

The openings 94 of the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93 are arranged in such a manner that at least part of the two openings 94 overlap each other with the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 sandwiched therebetween. Has been.
Therefore, it is possible to perform the movement of moisture and the total heat exchange through the exposed portion of the moisture absorption / release portion 91 in the opening 94. The moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 exposed at the opening of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 in this way becomes a film portion containing the moisture absorbing / releasing agent formed at the opening of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90. When the opening 94 of the first carrier and the second carrier 94 do not coincide with each other, the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is exposed on one carrier, but is not exposed because it is covered with the other carrier. It becomes a state. In this portion, even if moisture is absorbed on the exposed side of the absorption / release portion, the other side of the absorption / release portion is not exposed, so that it is difficult to release the absorbed moisture. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the two openings 94 of the first carrier and the second carrier overlap with each other with the moisture absorption / release part 91 interposed therebetween, and the moisture absorption / release part is the first carrier, The openings of the respective carriers were formed so as to be exposed in both the second carriers.

The moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is formed by supporting a polymer moisture absorbing / releasing agent on a sheet-like supporting member formed of paper or glass fiber. In this example, the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is formed by supporting the polymer moisture absorbing / releasing agent and the binder on the paper by immersing the paper in a mixture of the polymer moisture absorbing / releasing agent and the liquid binder and drying it. did. In this example, paper having a thickness of about 0.05 [mm] was used as the supporting member. However, the material of the supporting member can support a polymer moisture absorbent and has water permeability. If there is no particular limitation. Moreover, the thing of the same material as Example 1 was used for the polymer moisture absorption / release agent and the binder.
If the moisture absorbing / releasing part formed in this way has sufficient strength, it can be used as it is as a moisture absorbing / releasing structure. In this embodiment, paper is used as the supporting member, and there is a risk that the strength is insufficient to use it as a moisture absorbing / releasing structure as it is. Therefore, in order to increase the strength of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure, the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is sandwiched and fixed between the first carrier 92 having an opening and the second carrier 93 having an opening. Each of the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93 serves as a reinforcing member for the moisture absorbing / releasing portion.

In Example 5, the first and second carriers were both made of aluminum having a thickness of 0.1 [mm] and a plurality of openings 94 formed therein. It is also possible to use copper or plastic instead of aluminum. Further, the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 may be deformable by using a flexible material.
Accordingly, the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 formed by supporting the binder and the moisture absorbing / releasing agent on paper is sandwiched between the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93, so that the strength is improved. In addition, the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is exposed in the opening 94 formed in these reinforcing members. Therefore, like the film part 13 in Example 1, total heat exchange can be performed through the moisture absorption / release part 91 exposed at the opening 94.

In this embodiment, the rivet portion 95 is used as a fixing means for the thin moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91, the first carrier 92, and the second carrier 93 in the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90. It is not limited to rivets, and fixing means other than rivets, such as an adhesive, can also be used. Further, as described above, since the thickness of the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is 0.05 [mm], and the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93 are each 0.1 [mm], the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 The thickness of this is 0.25 [mm].
As shown in FIG. 7B, which is a partial cross-sectional view of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90, the rivet portion 95 protrudes from the surface of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90. The protruding height of the rivet portion 95 can be arbitrarily changed as desired, and is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, about 1 [mm] to 5 [mm]. In this example, the rivet portion 95 protrudes 3 [mm] from the surface of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure.

In this hygroscopic structure 90 as well, as in Example 1, the aperture ratio is preferably 50%, particularly 70% or more. Other conditions such as the shape and size of the opening 94 can be the same as the shape and size in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Since it is necessary to make the opening part with the 2 support body 93 correspond, all the opening parts were made into the same shape and substantially circular. Thereby, manufacture of each reinforcement member is easy and it becomes easy to make an opening part correspond.
The openings 94 may all have the same shape, but at least some of them may be different. In this example, the aperture ratio was 70% and the equivalent hydraulic diameter was 5 mm or less. Further, it was confirmed that the hygroscopic structure 90 also performs total heat exchange in the same manner as the hygroscopic structure 10 of Example 1.

In this embodiment, a plate having an opening 94 is used as the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93, but the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 can be sandwiched between members having other shapes. For example, the reinforcing member may have a wire mesh or mesh shape. In this case, a mesh material as shown in FIG. 2A in Example 2 can be used as the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93. Moreover, the aperture ratio of the moisture absorption / release structure using a mesh material can be made the same as the aperture ratio shown in Example 2 using a mesh material.

Further, in Example 5, the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is sandwiched between the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93, but sufficient adhesion between the first carrier 92 and the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 can be obtained. If strength can be obtained, the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 is formed with a simple configuration in which the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is fixed to the first carrier 92 by joining or bonding without using the second carrier 93. May be. By making it the structure which does not use the 2nd support body 93, the manufacturing cost of the moisture absorption / release structure 90 can be held down, and it becomes economically advantageous. Also in this case, the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 can be fixed to the first carrier 92 with the rivet portion 95 as a fixing member.

[Example 6]
In Example 6, a plurality of moisture absorbing / releasing structures 90 formed in Example 5 were arranged in a stacked manner, thereby forming a plurality of gaps between the moisture absorbing / releasing structures 90 using the rivet portion 95 as a spacer. By circulating two kinds of gases through the gap, total heat exchange can be performed between the gases in contact with each other through the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90. A cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger 100 formed in this way is shown in FIG.
In this embodiment, a plurality of moisture absorbing / releasing structures 90 are arranged in the casing 103 having airtightness so that the rivet portions 95 do not overlap each other. Then, the exhaust gas from the automobile and the outside air were circulated counter-currently through the first gap portion 101 and the second gap portion 102 formed between the hygroscopic structures 90, and heat exchange was performed. In addition, although the general round head rivet was used in the example of FIG. 7, you may employ | adopt a flat head rivet in order to improve stability when a hygroscopic structure is piled up. Similarly to Example 5, the thickness of the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is 0.05 [mm], the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93 are each 0.1 [mm], and the moisture absorbing / releasing structure is as follows. The thickness of the body 90 was 0.25 [mm].

The height at which the rivet portion 95 protrudes from the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 can be arbitrarily changed as desired, and is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, about 1 [mm] to 5 [mm]. As in Example 5, the rivet protruded 3 [mm] from the surface of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure.
In the example of FIG. 8, the hygroscopic structures 90 are stacked so that the rivet portions protruding 3 [mm] from the hygroscopic structures 90 do not coincide with each other, and the distance between the hygroscopic structures 90 is 3 [mm]. ]become. In this case, preferably, two types of moisture-absorbing / releasing structures are prepared with the rivet portions being shifted from each other. By alternately stacking these two types of moisture absorbing / releasing structures 90, the moisture absorbing / releasing structures 90 can be arranged in a state where the rivets are displaced as shown in FIG.
Moreover, you may make it shift the arrangement | positioning position of a rivet in the one side of the hygroscopic structure 90, and the other side opposite to this. On the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 configured in this manner, the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 similarly configured is rotated 180 degrees and disposed. As a result, the other side and one side of the upper hygroscopic structure 90 are respectively overlapped with one side and the other side of the lower hygroscopic structure 90, as shown in FIG. Arrangement where rivets do not overlap is possible.

In the rivet portion 95 shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the first head portion 97 and the second head portion 98 are hemispherical. However, in the case where the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 is stacked with the rivet portions being matched, a flat head rivet is preferably used. In this case, since the heads of the first head portion 97 and the second head portion 98 are flat, the stability when the hygroscopic structures 90 are stacked is improved. In this case, the distance between the moisture absorbing / releasing structures 90 is 6 [mm]. Of course, the size of the gap can be appropriately selected according to the application.

Thus, since the heat exchanger 100 in Example 6 is relatively small in size, it is suitable for applications that require a reduction in size, and is particularly suitable for a heat exchanger of an automobile. Therefore, moisture was exchanged between the exhaust gas of the automobile and the outside air by the heat exchanger 100 according to Example 6 using the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 as a water vapor separation membrane.
The exhaust gas of automobiles is highly humid and rich in carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Currently, by supplying again the engine carbon dioxide and nitrogen content higher oxygen content low exhaust gas, it is known a technique for reducing NO _x in the exhaust gas. In this technique, since it is desirable to remove some amount of moisture in the exhaust gas, in this embodiment, the exhaust gas is circulated through the first gap portion 101 of the heat exchanger 100 shown in FIG. Outside air was circulated through the gap 102. Thereby, the moisture in the exhaust gas was moved to the outside air, and the humidity of the exhaust gas was lowered.

In general, the temperature of the exhaust gas is 200 ° C. or higher, and in some cases reaches 1000 ° C. Therefore, the exhaust gas is cooled to the usable temperature of the hygroscopic structure 100 in advance, here about 100 ° C. It was distributed to the moisture-releasing structure. As a result, the absolute humidity of the exhaust gas is 200 g / m ³ or more when it flows into the hygroscopic structure 100, but it becomes 100 g / m ³ or less when it flows out of the hygroscopic structure 100. It was confirmed that moisture was transferred from the exhaust gas to the outside air.

[Example 7]
The moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 can be made flexible by forming the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91, the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93 flexibly. In particular, in Examples 5 and 6, since the thickness of the paper is 0.05 [mm] and the aluminum reinforcing member is 0.1 [mm], it has flexibility and can be bent. Is possible.
Therefore, the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 shown in FIG. 7A can be the cylindrical structure shown in FIG. In this case, the possible range of the curvature of the cylindrical hygroscopic structure 90 depends on the flexibility of the hygroscopic structure 90. When the flexibility of the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91, the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93 is small, and as a result, the flexibility of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 is small, the cylindrical diameter is increased, that is, It is necessary to make the moisture-releasing structure relatively large.

On the other hand, when the moisture absorption / release portion 91, the first carrier 91, and the second carrier 92 have high flexibility, and as a result, the moisture absorption / release structure 90 has high flexibility, the diameter of the cylindrical shape should be reduced. Can do. Therefore, in this case, the hygroscopic structure 90 can be relatively downsized as compared with the case where the hygroscopic structure 90 has low flexibility.
In Example 5, the first carrier 92 and the second carrier 93 sandwich the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91. However, sufficient adhesion between the first carrier 92 and the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 can be obtained. If the strength can be obtained, the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 can be formed with a simple configuration in which the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is bonded or bonded to the first carrier 92 without using the second carrier 93. Good. By making it the structure which does not use the 2nd support body 93, the manufacturing cost of the moisture absorption / release structure 90 can be held down, and it becomes economically advantageous.

In particular, when the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 has a cylindrical shape, the first carrier 92 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 shown in FIG. It can also be arranged in a shape. In this case, the exposed outer surface side of the cylinder is protected by the first carrier so that the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is not damaged by contact with other objects. On the other hand, since the inner surface side of the cylinder is less likely to come into contact with other objects, the arrangement of the second carrier 93 can be omitted.
Further, while the first carrier 92 is formed in a cylindrical shape, the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is formed in a flat plate shape, and the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is rounded and arranged in the first carrier 92. Is possible. In this case, by making the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 flexible, a restoring force that allows the rolled moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 to return to a flat plate shape is obtained. Due to this restoring force, the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 is in close contact with the first carrier 92, and the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 can be fixed to the reinforcing member 92 by friction between them.

[Example 8]
In Example 8, in the heat exchanger 6 shown in FIG. 5 of Example 4 using the flat moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B of Example 5. FIG. A moisture absorbing / releasing structure having the same shape as the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 80 was formed.
In Example 8, a hygroscopic structure similar to the multistage hygroscopic structure 80 shown in FIG. 5 was manufactured by repeatedly bending a single flat hygroscopic structure 90. Thereby, the moisture absorption / release structure 80 was able to be manufactured easily. The characteristics of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure, such as the aperture ratio, were the same as in Example 4. In addition, the opening 94 is not formed in the bent portion, thereby preventing the moisture absorbing / releasing portion 91 exposed to the opening at the bent portion from being broken and impairing the airtightness.

The moisture absorbing / releasing structure 90 shown in Example 5 is bent into an L shape, and the L absorbing / releasing structure 10 is overlapped in an L shape and an inverted L shape. A hygroscopic structure similar to the multistage hygroscopic structure 80 shown in FIG. 5 can also be manufactured.
When the hygroscopic structure produced in this way was used as the hygroscopic structure 80 in the heat exchanger 6 shown in FIG. 5, total heat exchange could be performed in the same manner as in Example 4.

[Example 9]
In Example 9, for example, a heat exchanger casing in which a moisture absorption / release structure as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 7 is set is created in advance, and the moisture absorption / release structure is set in the created casing. Thus, a heat exchanger was obtained.
Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to manufacture the water vapor exchanger easily and inexpensively by simply setting the moisture absorbing / releasing structure to a case that has been created in advance.
FIG. 9 shows a partially transparent perspective view of the heat exchanger according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention in a state where the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 113 is disposed in the housing 110. In this figure, for the sake of explanation, the wall surface of the housing 110 is transparent so that the inside can be seen through.

The casing 110 is provided with baffle plates 111A, 111B, and 111C that serve as rectifying plates for the heat exchanger. The housing 110 is provided with a front intake port 112FS and a front right exhaust port 112FD. Although not visible in the drawing, a rear left intake port and a rear right exhaust port are provided on the rear surface of the housing.
The plurality of moisture absorbing / releasing structures 113 are supported in the casing 10 as shown in the figure by support portions 121A and 121B provided in the casing 110. These support portions 121A and 121B will be described later with reference to FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (d).

At the time of manufacture, the housing 110 is formed with a part thereof opened, and the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 113 is inserted into the housing 110. Thereafter, the open portion of the housing 110 is hermetically closed with a wall surface, thereby completing the heat exchanger.
Specifically, the housing 110 does not form the left wall surface, and thus is formed with the left side surface being an open surface. The hygroscopic structure 113 is inserted from the left side as shown by S in FIG. 9 and supported by the support portions 121A and 121B. A gap is formed between the supported moisture absorbing / releasing structures 113. In FIG. 9, the first-stage gap is indicated by X, and the eighth-stage gap is indicated by Y. Thereafter, a separately formed left wall surface is hermetically bonded to the left side surface of the housing 110.
The baffle plate 111A divides the front surface of the housing 110 into a left region where the front intake port 112FS is provided and a right region where the front exhaust port 112FD is provided. The baffle plate 111B is disposed in this left region so as to close the odd-numbered gaps of the hygroscopic structure 113. Further, the baffle plate 11C is disposed so as to close the even-numbered gaps of the hygroscopic structure 113 in the right region.
Although not shown, baffle plates 111A, B, and C are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the center of the casing on the back side of the casing 110. Accordingly, a left region and a right region are also formed on the back side of the housing 110, and these regions are separated by the baffle plate 111A.
With a plurality of hygroscopic structures 113 arranged in the housing 110, heat exchange can be performed between the two gases. In this example, total heat exchange was performed between indoor air and outdoor air.

At the time of heat exchange, air from the room flows into the housing 110 through the front left intake port 112FS as indicated by Iin in FIG. The inflowed air enters the left region on the front side of the housing 110, but does not flow into the right region delimited by the baffle plate 111A.
Further, since the odd-numbered gaps in the left region are closed by the baffle plate 111B, the air from the room flows into the even-numbered gaps. On the other hand, since the baffle plates 111A, B, and C are arranged point-symmetrically as described above on the back side of the housing 110, the even number of steps in the gap in the left region on the back side of the housing 110 are baffles. It is blocked by a plate. However, the even-numbered step of the gap in the right region on the back side of the housing 110 is not blocked by the baffle plate.
Accordingly, the indoor air that has flowed in flows into the right region on the back surface of the casing 110 through the even-numbered gaps, and is discharged to the outside of the casing 110 through a back exhaust port (not shown) as indicated by Iout in the figure. The

On the other hand, air from the outside flows into the housing 110 from the back side of the housing 110 through the back left air inlet (not shown) as indicated by Oin in the drawing. The inflowing air enters the left region on the back side of the housing 110, but does not flow into the right region delimited by the baffle plate.
In addition, since the gaps in the even-numbered steps in the left side area on the back side are closed by the baffle plates arranged symmetrically as described above, the air from the outside flows into the even-numbered stages in the gaps in the left side area in the back side. Inflow. On the other hand, on the front side of the housing 110, odd-numbered steps in the left region on the front side of the housing 110 are closed with a baffle plate. However, the odd-numbered steps in the gap in the right region on the front side of the housing 110 are not blocked by the baffle plate.
Therefore, the air from the outside flows to the left region on the front surface of the housing 110 through the odd-numbered steps of the gap, and is discharged to the outside of the housing 110 through the front exhaust port 112FD as indicated by Oout in the drawing.

FIG. 10A is a partially transparent view seen from the front side of the heat exchanger formed of the casing 110 and the moisture absorbing / releasing structure 113, and FIG. 10B is a plan view thereof. A front view is shown in FIG. 10 (b), and a front view thereof is shown in FIG. 10 (d).
In FIG. 10A, for the sake of explanation, the wall surface on the front side of the housing 110 is assumed to be transparent. As shown in FIG. 10 (a), the gap formed between the moisture absorbing / releasing structures 113 is blocked by the baffle plate 111B in the left region, and the baffle plate 111C is even in the right region. The steps are blocked. Further, as shown in FIG. 10B, air from the room flows into the housing 110 through the front air inlet 112FS, while air from the outside is discharged to the outside of the housing 110 through the front air outlet 112FD. Is done.

As shown in FIG. 10B, a support part 121A is provided on the left and right side surfaces of the housing 110, and a support part 121B is provided on the front side. Although not shown, a support part 121B is also provided on the back side of the housing 110, and the hygroscopic structure 113 is supported by the support parts 121A and 121B.
These support portions 121A and 121B have a slide rail shape as shown in FIG. 10 (c), and the U-shaped gap portions formed in the respective support portions of these slide rail shapes absorb and release moisture. The structure 113 is inserted and supported in a sliding manner. FIG. 10C shows a state in which the left side wall is bonded, and an example in which a support portion 121A is also provided on the left side wall. However, if airtightness and strength can be ensured, the left side wall is not provided with the support part 121A, the support part 121B provided on the front side and the back side, and the support part 121A provided on the right side wall. Thus, the hygroscopic structure 113 may be supported in three directions.

In addition, it is preferable that the housing 110 is formed without the left wall surface as in this embodiment, and the left side surface is formed after the hygroscopic structure 113 is inserted. At this time, the method for forming the housing 110 is not particularly limited, and may be formed by a known method. Preferably, the housing 110 is formed by a three-dimensional printer. Accordingly, the casing 110 having a complicated shape including the support portions 121A and 121B, the baffle plates 111A to 111C, and the like can be easily formed from the resin or the like.

As described above, the moisture-absorbing / releasing structure according to the present invention has, for example, a plate material, a tube material, a mesh material or the like as a carrier, and has a film portion containing a polymer moisture-absorbing / absorbing agent firmly in its opening, And it becomes possible to make it airtight. As a result, when gas comes into contact with the moisture absorbing / releasing structure, only water vapor apparently moves through the moisture absorbing / releasing structure. Moreover, it is preferable to make the film part and the carrier thin as long as airtightness can be ensured. This is because a thinner film is advantageous for heat exchange.

Also, since the moisture absorbing / releasing structure has airtightness, other gas components can be prevented from moving through the moisture absorbing / releasing structure. Therefore, for example, by exchanging heat between indoor air and outdoor air using this moisture absorbing / releasing structure, ammonia, carbon dioxide, odor components, etc. contained in the indoor air are undesirable. It is possible to prevent gaseous components from being mixed into fresh air and to exchange water vapor and sensible heat with high efficiency. Furthermore, a high heat exchange characteristic can be expected by using a thin material having good thermal conductivity as a support for the moisture absorbing / releasing structure.

Furthermore, in Examples 3 and 4, the sensible heat (air conditioning load for heating or cooling) and the latent heat (for humidification or dehumidification) held by the room air when the room air is introduced into the room and the room air is discharged outside the room. A shell-and-tube type and plate fin type total heat exchanger that passes the air conditioning load) to the outside air with high efficiency is provided. In these heat exchangers, the moisture absorption and regeneration processes performed by the moisture absorbent can be generated simultaneously and in the same part (front and back of the moisture absorbent film). It can be omitted.

In the above-described embodiment, total heat exchange is performed through the moisture absorbing / releasing structure. However, it is not essential to perform heat exchange. For example, by interposing a moisture absorbing / releasing structure between gases having different relative humidity, even if there is no temperature difference between the two gases, the gas from one gas to the other is passed through the moisture absorbing / releasing structure. Moisture transfer can be performed. At this time, as in each of the above-described embodiments, it is possible to move moisture while maintaining airtightness or securing an allowable airtightness. Therefore, in any of the embodiments, water vapor separation and water vapor transfer can be performed using the moisture absorbing / releasing structure.

For example, even when there is no temperature difference between the room and the outside air, moisture can be transferred by using the moisture absorbing / releasing structure described in each example. As an example, there is a case where moisture is moved from room air between room air containing unpleasant components and the like and having high humidity and fresh outside air having low humidity, and then fresh outside air is taken into the room.
In any of the embodiments, the aperture ratio or the like is an example, and the value of the aperture ratio or the like may be changed depending on the application. For example, the aperture ratio is preferably 50% or more. However, when the hygroscopic structure is required to have high strength, the aperture ratio may be 50% or less.

Claims (19)

1. A device comprising a hygroscopic film,
   A carrier having an opening;
   It has a film part that is formed in the opening part and absorbs and releases moisture,
   The device comprising a moisture absorbing / releasing film, wherein the film part includes a moisture absorbing / releasing agent, and movement of moisture taken into the moisture absorbing / releasing agent by moisture absorption is allowed in the moisture absorbing / releasing agent.
2. The moisture-absorbing / releasing membrane according to claim 1, wherein moisture absorbed by the moisture-absorbing / releasing agent by the moisture-absorbing / releasing material becomes a liquid phase and is allowed to move in the film containing the moisture-releasing / releasing agent. Device provided.
3. 3. A device comprising the hygroscopic film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the openings are formed to have a size that prevents cracks in the film part.
4. The moisture-releasing property according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carrier is formed of a material having rigidity higher than that of the film part so as to fix and support the film part formed in the opening. A device with a membrane.
5. The device having the moisture absorbing / releasing film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the opening has an opening ratio of 50% or more in the carrier and an equivalent hydraulic diameter of 5 mm or less.
6. 6. A device comprising a hygroscopic film according to claim 1, wherein the opening has an equivalent hydraulic diameter of 2 mm or less.
7. The device provided with the moisture absorbing / releasing film according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the carrier has a flat plate shape or a tube shape with a thickness of 1 mm or less.
8. The film portion is formed in the opening of the carrier by drying the mixture after the mixture of the moisture absorbing / releasing agent and the adhesive binder is disposed in the opening. A device comprising the hygroscopic film according to any one of the above.
9. The device having a moisture absorbing / releasing film according to claim 8, wherein the mixture further contains at least one of a vegetable fiber and a glass fiber.
10. 10. The device having a moisture absorbing / releasing film according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is a net-like body having a thickness of 1 mm or less and a vertical and horizontal fine wire pitch of 2 mm or less.
11. The device having a moisture absorbing / releasing film according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the carrier is formed of a conductive metal material or a non-conductive plastic material.
12. The device provided with the hygroscopic film according to claim 3, wherein each of the plurality of openings has different dimensions and shapes.
13. A method for manufacturing a device provided with a hygroscopic film,
    A moisture absorbing / releasing agent is supported on a sheet-like supporting member, and the moisture absorbing / releasing agent allows movement of moisture taken into the moisture absorbing / releasing agent by moisture absorption within the moisture absorbing / releasing agent. ,
    The first carrier having an opening and the carrier member carrying the moisture absorbing / releasing agent are overlapped and fixed so that the carrier member is exposed in the opening, whereby the above-described exposed portion of the opening is exposed. A method in which the supporting member becomes a moisture absorbing / releasing film.
14. Between the second carrier having an opening and the first carrier, the carrier member carrying the moisture absorbing / releasing agent is sandwiched and fixed,
    The opening of the second carrier is formed such that, in the fixed state, the opening of the first carrier and the opening of the second carrier overlap at least partially. 14. The method according to 13.
15. The carrying member, the first carrying body, and the second carrying body are coupled to the penetrating portion penetrating them, the first head portion that is coupled to the penetrating portion and protrudes from the first carrier, and the penetrating portion. And a fixing member provided with a second head part protruding from the second carrier.
16. A device provided with a moisture absorbing / releasing film having a carrier having an opening formed therein, and a film portion including a moisture absorbing / releasing agent that absorbs and releases moisture formed in the opening;
    A first flow path and a second flow path through which a gas is circulated, and in contact with each other via a device having the moisture absorbing / releasing film;
    A steam separator comprising:
    At the time of water vapor separation, moisture in the gas flowing in one flow path between the gas flowing in the first flow path and the gas flowing in the second flow path is absorbed by the moisture absorbing / releasing agent on one surface of the membrane portion. The water vapor separator is moved to the gas flowing through the other flow path by being absorbed in the water and then moving to the other surface of the film part and vaporizing by moving to the other surface of the film part.
17. The device having the hygroscopic membrane is tube-shaped, and the shell and tube type steam exchanger is configured such that the flow passage formed in the tube is the first flow passage and the outside of the tube is the second flow passage. The water vapor separator according to claim 16, comprising:
18. The device is formed by fixing the carrier and a carrier member carrying the moisture absorbing / releasing agent with a fixture having a protruding portion protruding from the device surface,
    The steam separator according to claim 16, wherein the first flow path and the second flow path are formed by a gap formed between the devices by the protrusion when the devices are stacked.
19. A device provided with a moisture absorbing / releasing film having a carrier having an opening formed therein, and a film portion including a moisture absorbing / releasing agent that absorbs and releases moisture formed in the opening;
    A first flow path and a second flow path through which a gas is circulated, and in contact with each other via a device having the moisture absorbing / releasing film;
    A method for producing a steam separator having
    Forming a housing including a support portion that supports the plurality of devices separately from each other, and an open portion;
    The device is inserted into the casing from the open portion so that the devices are supported in a state of being separated from each other by the support portion, and the first flow is formed by a gap between the devices formed thereby. A path and a second flow path are formed,
    Closing the opening with a cover member;
    At the time of water vapor separation, the moisture of the gas flowing in one of the flow paths between the gas flowing in one of the flow paths and the gas flowing in the second flow path is A method for producing a water vapor separator, which is absorbed by a moisture absorbing / releasing agent and then moves to the gas flowing through the other flow path by moving through the membrane and moving to the other surface of the membrane and evaporating. .

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