JP2008043899A - Dehumidifying and humidifying rotor, dehumidifying and humidifying device and its operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dehumidifying/humidifying rotor and a dehumidifying/dehumidifying device, and an operation method of the dehumidifying/humidifying device, capable of efficiently adsorbing moisture and increasing adsorbing amount by using the dehumidifying/humidifying device which has the dehumidifying/humidifying rotor built in it, and capable of efficiently desorbing moisture and increasing desorbing amount. <P>SOLUTION: The dehumidifying/humidifying rotor is equipped with a latent heat treating region 31 which concentrically carries an adsorbing material and a sensitive heat exchanging region 32 which carries no adsorbing material; the dehumidifying/humidifying device has the dehumidifying/humidifying rotor built in it; and the operation method of the dehumidifying/humidifying device is characterized in that the temperature of air supplied to the sensitive heat exchanging region 32 of an adsorbing zone A of the dehumidifying/humidifying device is at a temperature of or lower than that of the air supplied to the latent heat treating region 31, and the temperature of air supplied to the sensitive heat exchanging region 32 of a desorbing zone B is at a temperature of or higher than that of the air supplied to the latent heat treating region 31. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor, a dehumidifying / humidifying device, and an operation method thereof, and more specifically, a latent heat treatment region in which an adsorbent is applied to a base material and a sensible heat exchange region in which the adsorbent is not applied to a base material And a dehumidifying / humidifying device using the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor, and an operation method of the dehumidifying / humidifying device.

  The dehumidifying / humidifying device is a system that adjusts humidity using the adsorption and desorption functions of an adsorbent, such as a cogeneration system, an electric heat pump, an electric heat (electric) heater, a micro gas turbine, a gas engine, a fuel cell, It is applied to various humidity control devices that use low-temperature exhaust heat such as solar heat, geothermal heat, combustion heat, factory exhaust heat, and engine exhaust heat. A device using a dehumidifying / humidifying device is useful for constructing a comfortable space in that it can be adjusted to a desired humidity by appropriately performing dehumidification or humidification for the level of humidity.

  As an adsorbing element used in a conventional dehumidifying / humidifying device, a rotor-type element configured in a honeycomb structure is proposed by supporting zeolite on a fibrous sheet and forming the fibrous sheet with a honeycomb molding machine. ing.

The adsorbing element of the honeycomb structure has a feature that it has a large surface area relative to the entire volume and has an excellent adsorbing ability. However, the processing material is passed through the rotor-type adsorbing element of the honeycomb structure so that the adsorbent is moistened in the air. When the minute is adsorbed, heat of adsorption is generated, and as the processing air advances downstream, the temperature of the air increases and the relative humidity decreases. Further, as the moisture in the air is adsorbed, the relative humidity is also reduced by the decrease in the absolute humidity in the air. For this reason, the problem that the moisture contained in the air becomes difficult to be adsorbed by the adsorbent occurs. Similarly, in the regeneration process, the regeneration air heated by exhaust heat or a heater is passed through the dehumidification / humidification rotor, but the desorption heat is taken away when the adsorbent releases water vapor, and the regeneration air moves in the downstream direction. Air temperature decreases and relative humidity increases. On the other hand, as the desorption of moisture proceeds, the relative humidity also increases due to the increase in absolute humidity in the air. This causes a problem that moisture is less likely to be desorbed into the air than the adsorbent. In other words, there arises a problem that the regeneration of the adsorbent does not proceed.
JP 2003-014252 A JP 2002-095964 A Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Society of Chemical Engineers Autumn Meeting, O115 (September 15-17, 2005)

  By the way, in the dehumidifying / humidifying apparatus as described above, there is a demand for a dehumidifying rotor that exhibits a higher dehumidifying / humidifying capability, for example, when the dehumidifying / humidifying performance is further improved, especially when the dehumidifying is performed efficiently by exhaust heat from the electric heat pump. In order to solve this problem, a hygroscopic material that can be regenerated at a low temperature and an adsorbent having a large adsorption amount have been developed. However, the conventional rotor-type adsorbing element having a honeycomb structure is difficult to be adsorbed because the temperature of the processing air rises in the downstream direction of the processing air due to the heat of adsorption in the adsorption process, and the relative humidity decreases, and the air is regenerated by the heat of desorption in the desorption process. There is a structural problem in that the temperature of the water decreases, the relative humidity increases, and it becomes difficult to desorb.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object thereof is to release the heat of adsorption generated in the latent heat treatment part at the adsorption part in the sensible heat treatment part, thereby suppressing the temperature of the latent heat treatment part and facilitating adsorption. Let In the desorption portion, the desorption heat taken away in the latent heat treatment portion is replenished by heat transfer from the sensible heat treatment portion, and the temperature decrease in the latent heat treatment portion is suppressed to facilitate the regeneration. There is an advantage that the adsorbent is simply applied in the radial direction, the manufacture is simple, and the apparatus is simple and does not become large.

  That is, the gist of the present invention resides in a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor characterized in that a latent heat treatment region in which an adsorbent is supported concentrically and a sensible heat exchange region in which no adsorbent is supported are provided in a radial direction.

  Further, another gist of the present invention is characterized in that a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor provided with a latent heat treatment region in which an adsorbent is supported concentrically and a sensible heat exchange region in which no adsorbent is supported is used in a radial direction. It exists in the dehumidifying / humidifying device.

  Further, another gist of the present invention is a dehumidifying / humidifying device using a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor provided with a latent heat treatment region in which an adsorbent is supported concentrically in a radial direction and a sensible heat exchange region in which the adsorbent is not supported. In the operation method of the dehumidifying / humidifying device, wherein the temperature of the air supplied to the sensible heat exchange region of the adsorption zone is equal to or lower than the temperature of the air supplied to the latent heat treatment region of the adsorption zone, and in the radial direction, The temperature of the air supplied to the sensible heat exchange region of the desorption zone in a dehumidification / humidification device using a dehumidification / humidification rotor provided with a latent heat treatment region in which the adsorbent is supported concentrically and a sensible heat exchange region in which the adsorbent is not supported Lies in the operating method of the dehumidifying / humidifying device, characterized in that it is equal to or higher than the temperature of the air supplied to the latent heat treatment region of the desorption zone.

  The present invention employs a dehumidifying / humidifying apparatus incorporating the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor as described above, and adopts the operating method as defined above, so that the adsorption heat generated in the latent heat treatment region is absorbed in the sensible heat treatment section. It is possible to suppress the temperature of the latent heat treatment region and efficiently adsorb and increase the adsorption amount. In addition, in the desorption zone, desorption heat deprived in the latent heat treatment region can be replenished by heat transfer from the sensible heat treatment region to suppress the temperature drop in the latent heat treatment region, and can be efficiently desorbed and the amount of desorption can be increased. .

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor, a dehumidifying / humidifying device, and a method of operating a dehumidifying / humidifying device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a left side sectional view of a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, the upper half is an adsorption zone A and the lower half is an attachment / detachment zone B, which is rotated counterclockwise as shown in the drawing at a rotation speed of about 30 rph. It can be installed at any position diagonally left and right, and can also be rotated clockwise. Incidentally, the sectional area ratio of the adsorption zone A and the desorption zone B is also simply set to 1: 1 in FIG. 1, but is not limited to this.

  A feature of the present invention is that a latent heat treatment region 31 in which an adsorbent is supported concentrically in the radial direction of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor and a sensible heat treatment region 32 in which the adsorbent is not supported are provided. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor in which the inner ring portion close to the axial center is a latent heat treatment region 31 in which an adsorbent is supported and the outer ring portion is a sensible heat exchange region 32 in which no adsorbent is supported.

  FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor according to the present invention and an air flow diagram. Although the present invention is shown as an example of operating a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor for the purpose of dehumidification, it is for explaining the operation and effect of the present invention, and can be used for the purpose of humidification.

  The adsorption zone A supplies the processing air 1 to the latent heat treatment region 31 in order to dehumidify the processing air (cold air) 1 that has flowed in the outside air through the evaporator 41, and the moisture contained in the processing air passes through the latent heat treatment region 31. It is adsorbed in contact with the adsorbing material and heat of adsorption is generated. On the other hand, the same processing air 1 is supplied to the sensible heat treatment region 32, but the sensible heat treatment region 32 does not carry an adsorbent and no heat of adsorption is generated. Therefore, the temperature of the latent heat treatment region 31 is higher than that of the sensible heat treatment region 32, and due to the temperature difference, heat moves from the latent heat treatment region 31 to the sensible heat treatment region 32 as indicated by the arrows. It is suppressed.

  As a result, the temperature rise of the processing air 1 flowing through the latent heat treatment region 31 is suppressed, so that the relative humidity of the processing air 1 does not decrease and the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent increases and the dehumidification amount increases. The dehumidified air is supplied to the room or the like as intake air 3. The exhaust 4 may be exhausted to the outside as it is, but when the process air 1 is cooled by an evaporator 41 such as a refrigerator, the evaporator is connected via a duct 43 in order to reduce the load of the refrigerator for precooling. It is also possible to return to 41 before use.

  Considering the simplicity of the dehumidifying / humidifying device, the same processing air 1 is usually supplied to the latent heat treatment region 31 and the sensible heat treatment region 32 in the adsorption zone A. It is also possible to flow air having a temperature lower than that of the latent heat treatment region 31 through the heat treatment region 32.

  On the other hand, in the desorption zone B as well, the regenerated air that has flowed outside air through the heat exchanger 42 (the adsorbent in the latent heat treatment region 31 is heated by the heated air 2 and is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the adsorption zone A by this heated air. The moisture and vapor are desorbed, but the latent heat (so-called desorption heat) due to the moisture and evaporation lowers the temperature of the latent heat treatment region 31. At the same time, the regeneration air 2 is supplied to the sensible heat treatment region 32. The temperature of the region 32 is higher than that of the latent heat treatment region 31, and heat is transferred from the sensible heat treatment region 32 to the latent heat treatment region 31 as indicated by the arrow due to the temperature difference, thereby suppressing the temperature drop of the latent heat treatment region 31.

  As a result, since the temperature drop of the processing air 2 flowing through the latent heat treatment region 31 is suppressed, the relative humidity of the processing air 1 does not increase, and the adsorption of the adsorbent becomes easy to be desorbed, and the desorption amount increases. The exhaust 5 may be exhausted to the outside, and the exhaust 6 may be exhausted to the outside as it is. However, when the regeneration air is heated by the heat exchanger 42 or the like, it is returned to the front of the heat exchanger 42 for the purpose of reducing heating energy. It can also be used in a circulating manner.

  Considering the simplicity of the dehumidifying / humidifying device, the same regeneration air 2 is usually supplied to the latent heat treatment region 31 and the sensible heat treatment region 32. However, in order to further improve the desorption capability, the sensible heat treatment region 32 in the desorption zone B It is also possible to flow air having a temperature higher than that of the latent heat treatment region 31. In the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor, the sensible heat treatment region 32 is formed as an outer ring portion in the radial direction, so that the circulation paths 43 and 44 can be easily installed when the exhaust 4 and the exhaust 6 are circulated.

FIG. 3 is a left side sectional view of another embodiment of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor according to the present invention, in which a sensible heat treatment region 32 is provided in the inner ring portion near the axis and a latent heat treatment region 31 is provided in the outer ring portion. In the embodiment, even when the inflow air inlet area ratio of the latent heat treatment region 31 and the sensible heat treatment region 32 is 1: 1 at the maximum, the outer ring portion is changed to the latent heat treatment region 31 so that the radial direction of the latent heat treatment region 31 is increased. The length R ₁ is shorter than the radial length R ₂ of the sensible heat treatment region 32, and there is an effect that heat transfer at the switching portion between the adsorption zone and the desorption zone is suppressed in the latent heat treatment region 31.

  FIG. 4 is a left side sectional view of two other embodiments of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor according to the present invention, in which a sensible heat treatment region 32 is provided in the inner ring portion close to the axial center, a latent heat treatment region 31 is provided in the intermediate ring portion, and In the embodiment in which the sensible heat treatment region 32 is provided in the outer ring portion, the apparatus is somewhat complicated. However, by sandwiching the latent heat treatment region 31 between the sensible heat treatment regions 32, heating and heat conduction can be efficiently performed.

  FIG. 5 is a left side cross-sectional view of the other three embodiments of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor according to the present invention, in which the rotor is divided into arbitrary blocks, and divided members 33 having a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / mK radially from the central axis thereof. In this example, heat can be prevented from moving in the rotational direction. Note that the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor can be configured by inserting the dividing member 33 into the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor of the embodiment of FIGS.

  In addition, the dehumidifying / humidifying device includes a desiccant cooling device for cooling a warehouse or the like, a large desiccant air conditioner installed as a building facility, a small dehumidifier or humidifier installed indoors. It is configured as a humidity control air conditioner such as a dehumidifying air conditioner or a humidifying air conditioner that contains moisture and removes moisture from the indoor air to be humidity-adjusted or the air supplied to the room using the adsorption / desorption action of the adsorbent. This is a system that discharges this to the outdoors, or absorbs moisture from the outdoor air or the air that is discharged to the outside and supplies it to the indoor air or the room where the humidity should be adjusted. Adjustments can be made.

  The dehumidifying / humidifying rotor as shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 needs to perform heat transfer in the latent heat treatment region 31 and the sensible heat treatment region 32, and the thermal conductivity of the rotor base material on which the adsorbent is supported. Is preferably 10 W / mK or more, 50 W / mK or more, and more preferably 100 W / mK or more. If the thermal conductivity of the latent heat treatment region 31 is less than 10 W / mK, the heat transfer from the latent heat treatment region 31 to the sensible heat treatment region 32 will not be successful, and the effect of the present invention will not be obtained.

  In FIGS. 1-5, the cross-sectional area ratio of the inflow air inlet of the latent heat treatment area | region 31 and the sensible heat treatment area | region 32 which comprises a dehumidification / humidification rotor is a thing of the value of 1: 1-4: 1. That is, when the latent heat treatment region 31 is smaller than the value, the same amount of air is processed, but when the sensible heat treatment region 32 is included, the apparatus becomes significantly larger than the conventional type. On the other hand, when the sensible heat treatment region 32 is smaller than the value, the amount of sensible heat treatment in the sensible heat treatment region 32 is small, so the performance is not inferior to that of the conventional type.

  The constituent materials of the base material of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor as shown in the examples of FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 include metals, ceramics, carbon materials, etc., but usually rigidity, thermal conductivity and production From the viewpoint of cost, the base material of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor is selected from aluminum, copper, carbon steel, stainless steel, carbon fiber, brass, iron, chromium nickel, and alloys thereof. Among these, aluminum or aluminum alloy, copper or copper alloy is preferable.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the thickness of the said base material, From the relationship of the thickness of the adsorbent layer of the adsorbent apply | coated to this surface, and the load amount, it is normally set to 50-300 micrometers, Preferably it is set to 100-200 micrometers. Further, the surface of the base material may be previously coated with a thin resin film such as an epoxy resin, a phenoxy resin, or a fluorine resin in order to prevent corrosion and to easily carry the adsorbent.

  In order to support the adsorbent on the substrate of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor, the rotor is heated and dried after the aqueous dispersion in which the adsorbent is dispersed is applied to the rotor by flowing or applied. Thereby, the adsorbent is supported on the rotor base material in a laminated state by the binder. In the present invention, when the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor is manufactured, in order to increase the adhesive force between the adsorbents and the adhesive force between the adsorbent and the rotor base material, As the dispersion, an aqueous dispersion in which an adsorbent and a binder as described below are dispersed in water is used. As the binder, an inorganic binder such as silica sol can be used, but vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, olefin resin, styrene resin, silicon resin, and the like can be used in consideration of adhesiveness as the rotor base material.

  The above organic binder can be used by dissolving in an organic solvent. However, when dissolved in an organic solvent, the binder covers the surface of the adsorbent, and the adsorption rate decreases, and the organic medium volatilizes. There is a problem of causing environmental pollution. Therefore, in the present invention, it is also used as an emulsion from the viewpoint of securing the adsorption performance of the adsorbent and the adhesion to the substrate of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor. The blending ratio of the binder is preferably 5 to 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the adsorbent. When the binder is less than 5 parts by weight, the adsorbents are not sufficiently fixed to each other and the base material of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor. When the binder is more than 40 parts by weight, the amount of the adsorbent that can be held in the adsorption layer This is disadvantageous because the adsorption capacity is reduced, and the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor is enlarged.

  Further, in the above aqueous dispersion liquid, an organic thickener such as a superabsorbent polymer, carrageenan, xanthan gum arabic gum or the like may be added in order to increase the stability and adjust the viscosity. In order to improve thermal conductivity, metal fibers with good thermal conductivity, fibrous materials such as carbon fibers, metal powders such as aluminum, copper, silver, or graphite, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, aluminum nitride, boron nitride Etc. may be added. Furthermore, even if kaolin, acicular calcium silicate, acicular zinc oxide, sepiolite, acicular calcium carbonate, calcium titanate, aluminum borate, acicular basic magnesium sulfate, etc. are added to improve the strength of the coating film. good. The above-described function-imparting additive may be selected as appropriate depending on the target article, since it may sometimes achieve a plurality of effects such as viscosity adjustment, thermal conductivity improvement, and coating film strength improvement depending on one type. .

  As the adsorbent used in the present invention, porous materials such as silica gel, activated carbon, alumina and aluminosilicate, aluminophosphate, silicoaluminophosphate, iron aluminophosphate, mesoporous silica, integrated metal complex, etc. Can be mentioned. Among these, zeolite that can adsorb adsorbate vapor and water vapor easily and can be easily desorbed is preferable. In particular, from the viewpoint of easy control of the structure and adsorption characteristics, crystalline aluminophosphates (ALPO-based zeolite) containing at least Al and P in the skeleton structure are preferable. Typically, SAPO-34, FAPO- 5, ALPO-5. The adsorbents as described above can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The ALPO-type zeolite can be produced by using a known synthesis method described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 01-05741, 2003-183020, and 2004-136269.

The particle size of the adsorbent is from the viewpoint of enhancing the adsorption / desorption capability by promoting the diffusion of adsorbate vapor and water vapor in the individual particles of the adsorbent, and the adsorbent carried on the substrate of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor From the standpoint of improving the adhesive strength of the carrier containing N, it is desirable to make it as small as possible, and the average particle size is usually 0.1 to 300 microns, preferably 0.5 to 250 microns. More preferably, it is 1 to 200 microns, and most preferably 2 to 20 microns. And in order to provide sufficient adsorption | suction and desorption capability to a dehumidification / humidification rotor, the fabric weight of an adsorbent is 5-400 g / m < ² >.

It is preferable that the adsorption heat of the adsorbent is 50 kJ / mol or more (H ₂ O, 298 K). This is because the latent heat of condensation of water is 43.9 kJ / mol, and not only the physical adsorption heat due to normal water evaporation, but also the calorific difference of chemical adsorption.

  The heat of adsorption refers to the amount of heat of adsorption per mole of adsorbent when water vapor is adsorbed at 298K. The adsorption heat is obtained as, for example, differential adsorption heat obtained by measurement with various measuring devices. Specifically, it is calculated | required from the measurement by the combination of "Thermal measurement method surface-analysis apparatus CSA-25G and multi micro calorimeter MMC-5113" by Tokyo Riko Co., Ltd., for example.

The left side sectional view of the dehumidification / humidification rotor concerning the present invention. The front sectional view of the dehumidification humidification rotor concerning the present invention, and the flow figure of air. The other left side sectional view of the dehumidification humidification rotor concerning the present invention. The other 2 left side surface sectional views of the dehumidification humidification rotor concerning the present invention. The other 3 left side surface sectional views of the dehumidification / humidification rotor concerning the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

31 latent heat treatment region 32 sensible heat treatment region 33 divided material 41 evaporator 42 heat exchanger A adsorption zone B desorption zone

Claims (13)

  A dehumidifying / humidifying rotor comprising a latent heat treatment region (31) in which an adsorbent is supported concentrically and a sensible heat exchange region (32) in which no adsorbent is supported in a radial direction.   A dehumidifying / humidifying rotor characterized in that an inner ring portion close to an axis is a latent heat treatment region (31) carrying an adsorbent and an outer ring portion is a sensible heat exchange region (32) not carrying an adsorbent.   A dehumidifying / humidifying rotor characterized in that an inner ring portion close to an axial center is a sensible heat exchange region (32) in which no adsorbent is supported, and an outer ring portion is a latent heat treatment region (31) in which an adsorbent is supported.   The inner ring portion close to the axial center is the sensible heat exchange region (32) in which the adsorbent is not supported, the outer middle ring portion is the latent heat treatment region (31) in which the adsorbent is supported, and the outer ring is further outside. A dehumidifying / humidifying rotor characterized in that the portion is a sensible heat exchange region (32) in which no adsorbent is supported.   5. The dehumidifying / humidifying rotor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor base material carrying the adsorbent has a thermal conductivity of 10 W / mK or more.   6. The latent heat treatment region (31) is formed by applying an adsorbent to a substrate surface selected from aluminum, copper, carbon steel, stainless steel, and carbon fiber. Dehumidifying and humidifying rotor.   The adsorbent contains at least one selected from silica gel, activated carbon, alumina and aluminosilicate, aluminophosphate, silicoaluminophosphate, iron aluminophosphate, mesoporous silica, and an integrated metal complex. The dehumidifying / humidifying rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The dehumidifying / humidifying rotor according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption heat of the adsorbent is 50 kJ / mol or more (H ₂ O, 298 K).   9. The structure according to claim 1, wherein a dividing member (33) having a thermal conductivity of less than 10 W / mK is inserted radially from the axis to prevent heat from moving in the rotational direction of the dehumidifying / humidifying rotor. The dehumidifying / humidifying rotor according to any one of the above.   10. The removal according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the inlet air inlet of the latent heat treatment region (31) and the sensible heat exchange region (32) is 1: 1 to 4: 1. Humidification rotor.   A dehumidifying / humidifying device using a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor provided with a latent heat treatment region (31) in which an adsorbent is supported concentrically and a sensible heat exchange region (32) in which no adsorbent is supported in a radial direction. .   In a dehumidifying / humidifying apparatus using a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor provided with a latent heat treatment region (31) in which an adsorbent is supported concentrically and a sensible heat exchange region (32) in which no adsorbent is supported in a radial direction, Operation of the dehumidifying / humidifying device characterized in that the temperature of the air supplied to the sensible heat exchange region (32) of A) is equal to or lower than the temperature of the air supplied to the latent heat treatment region (31) of the adsorption zone (A). Method.   In a dehumidifying / humidifying device using a dehumidifying / humidifying rotor provided with a latent heat treatment region (31) in which an adsorbent is supported concentrically and a sensible heat exchange region (32) in which no adsorbent is supported in a radial direction, The operation of the dehumidifying / humidifying device is characterized in that the temperature of the air supplied to the sensible heat exchange region (32) of B) is equal to or higher than the temperature of the air supplied to the latent heat treatment region (31) of the desorption zone (B). Method.