Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D01F6/04—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyolefins
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
  • E04C5/073—Discrete reinforcing elements, e.g. fibres
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
  • C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
  • C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
  • C04B16/0616—Macromolecular compounds fibrous from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C04B16/0625—Polyalkenes, e.g. polyethylene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
  • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
  • C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C04B24/2611—Polyalkenes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
  • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
  • D01D5/16—Stretch-spinning methods using rollers, or like mechanical devices, e.g. snubbing pins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
  • D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
  • D01F11/06—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
  • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
  • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
  • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
  • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
  • D02J1/224—Selection or control of the temperature during stretching
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
  • D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/20—Industrial for civil engineering, e.g. geotextiles

Definitions

• the invention refers to a manufacturing process of structural synthetic fibers for concrete and mortar, and to the synthetic fiber obtained, which contributes, to the function to which it is intended, several advantages and novelty features that will be described in detail below and that represent an improved alternative to the systems currently known for the same purpose.
• the object of the invention focuses on a new process for the manufacture, by extrusion, of synthetic fibers intended to be added in concrete and mortar, whose purpose is to increase the modulus of elasticity thereof, which has been improved with respect to the industrial extrusion processes so far used, in particular the process of applying multiple stretches recommended in patent ES2396639A1, owned by the same applicant, incorporating new stages of stretching, which act synergistically in the process, with the aim of increasing the modulus of elasticity of the final product.
• the field of application of the present invention is part of the construction sector, specifically covering the field of industry dedicated to the manufacture of concrete and mortar, especially those that have a hydraulic binder in its formulation (cement, lime, plaster or its combinations) and which, mainly, are prepared and prefabricated concrete and civil works.
• Fibers can provide different properties to concrete, such as reducing cracking, improving passive resistance against fire, etc., although the fundamental differentiation is their structural capacity, that is, if the fibers have a structural character when it comes to providing mechanical performance to concrete / mortar.
• the fundamental differentiation is their structural capacity, that is, if the fibers have a structural character when it comes to providing mechanical performance to concrete / mortar.
• metal fibers advances in polymers have allowed some types of synthetic fibers to be considered as structural fibers, and taken into account in calculations to that effect.
• the regulations in force (EHE-08) refer to this differentiation, distinguishing with the terms macro - fibers and micro - fibers their structural character.
• the manufacturing process of structural synthetic fibers for concrete and mortar, and the synthetic fiber obtained that the present invention proposes are configured as a remarkable novelty within its field of application, since according to its implementation and in a taxable way it is satisfactorily achieve the aforementioned objectives, the characterizing details that make it possible, conveniently set out in the final claims that accompany the present specification thereof.
• what the present invention advocates is a new industrial process, or modification of the current one, developed with the aim of increasing the elastic modulus of the resulting final fiber, so that an Elasticity Module is always obtained above of 20 GPa.
• the polyolefin mixture, the additions and the corresponding additives are melted and homogenized in a mixing tank designed for this purpose.
• Said mixture passes through special nozzles that shape the threads, subsequently going through a dip in a water-based solution to reduce their temperature and provide the fiber threads with a greater stretching capacity.
• the threads thus formed enter a system, or roller trains, where a stretching process is carried out whose ratios can range between 1: 10 and up to 1: 20.
• the threads are subjected to an alternative series of heating-cooling for a certain time, about Very controlled temperatures and stabilization periods previously tested.
• the continuous threads in coils are collected for stabilization.
• the coils thus collected are maintained for a period that can last between two days and a week, depending on the humidity and temperature conditions to which they are subjected in this phase, so that the polymerization process is completed as much as possible. fiber crosslinking.
• the bobbins are collected and the wires are again subjected to heating-cooling cycles for a certain time, at very controlled temperatures and with stabilization periods previously tested in such a way that they are within the suitable softening range to perform another stretch without breakage or matrix deterioration (around 80 to 120 ° C).
• the preferred heating process is by immersion in a bath at the appropriate temperature, although any other system may be feasible, such as the passage of the wire between heating plates in a special atmosphere.
• the process of the present invention seeks to increase the modulus of elasticity of synthetic polyolefin-based fibers, manufactured by extrusion, to be added to concrete and mortar, modifying industrial processes with new stages of stretching, which act synergistically in the process increasing the modulus of elasticity of the final product.
• Said final product is a synthetic fiber based on polyolefin, for use in concrete and mortars with a hydraulic binder as a cementitious base, which has been obtained through an extrusion and multiple stretching process, in order to increase the modulus of elasticity to which It could not be reached by a simple extrusion / stretching process (in one step).
• a multiple stretching procedure however, an improvement in performance is achieved in terms of increasing its modulus of elasticity and / or increasing its tensile strength and / or decreasing the elongation at break, being able to achieve an Elasticity Module above 15 GPa. More specifically, the recommended procedure allows obtaining a fiber with a
• Elasticity Module greater than 20 GPa. thanks to which it allows to obtain a slope in the stress / strain curve, similar to the cementing compound to which it is linked, so that the joint behavior in deformation is similar until breakage of the compound (mortar, concrete or gunite), obtaining better values both in the energy absorption tests and in the residual resistance tests.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Families Citing this family (4)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 2013
  • 2013-07-23 ES ES201331123A patent/ES2539734B2/es active Active
• 2014
  • 2014-07-21 UY UY35673A patent/UY35673A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2014-07-22 AR ARP140102722A patent/AR097018A1/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2014-07-23 MX MX2016000812A patent/MX353358B/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2014-07-23 PE PE2016000081A patent/PE20160292A1/es unknown
  • 2014-07-23 US US14/907,205 patent/US9587330B2/en active Active
  • 2014-07-23 BR BR112016001546-0A patent/BR112016001546B1/pt active IP Right Grant
  • 2014-07-23 WO PCT/ES2014/070589 patent/WO2015011324A1/es active Application Filing
  • 2014-07-23 EP EP14829863.1A patent/EP3026031A4/en active Pending
  • 2014-07-23 CA CA2919310A patent/CA2919310C/en active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-01-22 CL CL2016000172A patent/CL2016000172A1/es unknown

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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