WO2015004893A1 - 電力管理装置、電力管理システム、サーバ、電力管理方法、プログラム - Google Patents
電力管理装置、電力管理システム、サーバ、電力管理方法、プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015004893A1 WO2015004893A1 PCT/JP2014/003572 JP2014003572W WO2015004893A1 WO 2015004893 A1 WO2015004893 A1 WO 2015004893A1 JP 2014003572 W JP2014003572 W JP 2014003572W WO 2015004893 A1 WO2015004893 A1 WO 2015004893A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
- G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00028—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocols
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
- Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/123—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/14—Energy storage units
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/12—Energy storage units, uninterruptible power supply [UPS] systems or standby or emergency generators, e.g. in the last power distribution stages
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/221—General power management systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power management apparatus, a power management system, a server, a power management method, and a program, and in particular, when there are a plurality of consumers each of which owns a power storage facility, control details of charging and discharging of the power storage facility
- the present invention relates to a power management apparatus, a power management system, a server, a power management method, and a program determined according to individual consumers.
- the technology described in Document 2 can optimize the balance of power for consumers, but if it is intended to determine the charging / discharging schedule for each consumer, it is an embedded device with a microcomputer. Then, since the processing capacity is insufficient, an expensive computer is required.
- a power management apparatus capable of reducing the amount of calculation of the power management system, a power management system using the power management apparatus, a server including the power management apparatus, a power management method used in the power management apparatus, The object is to provide a program for causing a computer to function as the power management apparatus.
- the power management apparatus provides the power of the storage facility provided in each of a plurality of buildings of a plurality of consumers that receive power from the power system and the power received from the power system for each of the plurality of buildings.
- a power management device for instructing the charge and discharge control contents of the power storage equipment for each building when supplying the electrical load through the electrical wiring laid on the power line, and monitoring the power of interest in each of the plurality of buildings
- a storage unit that stores a change in the monitoring power over time for each building, and a change in a predetermined unit period for the monitoring power stored in the storage unit for each building is classified into a plurality of types of power patterns.
- a plurality of types of power patterns classified by the classification unit and the classification unit, and receiving power from the power system for each pattern type A planning unit for determining charging and discharging control contents of the power storage facility under a condition of minimizing either the amount of electric power and the value for the amount of electric power received from the electric power system or the amount of carbon dioxide emission; and the planning unit And an instruction unit for instructing the power storage equipment of a building to which each pattern type conforms to the control content for each pattern type defined by.
- a power management system is provided in each of the plurality of buildings of the plurality of consumers that receive power from the power management apparatus and the power system described above, and is laid in each of the plurality of buildings.
- the power storage facility that supplies power to the electrical load together with the power received from the power system through the electrical wiring, and controls the charging and discharging of the power storage facility according to the control content instructed by the power management device And a control device.
- the server according to the present invention includes the power management device described above and a control device that controls charging and discharging of the power storage facility provided in each of the plurality of buildings according to the control content instructed from the power management device. And a communication interface unit that communicates with each other.
- the power of the power storage equipment provided in each of a plurality of buildings of a plurality of consumers that receive power from the power system and the power received from the power system are each of the plurality of buildings.
- a power management method for instructing the charge and discharge control contents of the power storage equipment for each building when supplying the electrical load through the electrical wiring laid on the power, and monitoring the power of interest in each of the plurality of buildings As described above, the storage unit stores a change with time of the monitoring power for each building, and the classification unit has a plurality of types of power with respect to the monitoring power for each building stored in the storage unit in a predetermined unit period.
- the plurality of types of power patterns classified into patterns and classified by the classification unit as two or more pattern types, and power received from the power system for each pattern type The planning unit determines the charge and discharge control contents of the power storage equipment under the condition of minimizing either the amount and the consideration for the amount of power received from the power system or the amount of carbon dioxide emission.
- An instruction unit instructs the control content for each defined pattern type to the power storage facility of a building to which each pattern type is suitable.
- the program according to the present invention causes a computer to function as the above-described power management apparatus.
- the present invention is not limited to a program, and may be a computer-readable storage medium storing the program.
- the present invention classifies changes in monitoring power in a unit period for each building of a consumer into pattern types, and defines the control contents of charging and discharging of power storage equipment for each pattern type. Changes in monitoring power in a large number of buildings are aggregated into a small number of pattern types. Therefore, when determining the control details of charging and discharging of power storage facilities in individual buildings, it is only necessary to determine the control details of charging and discharging power storage facilities for a small number of pattern types. As compared with the case of calculating, the amount of calculation can be reduced. That is, there is an advantage that the processing load of the computer is reduced even when the control contents of charging and discharging of the power storage equipment in each of a plurality of buildings of a plurality of consumers are centrally determined by the computer.
- FIG. 2A to 2D are diagrams illustrating examples of changes in monitoring power in the embodiment.
- 3A to 3C are diagrams illustrating examples of classifying monitoring power (generated power) in the embodiment.
- 4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating examples of classifying monitoring power (demand power) in the embodiment.
- 5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating examples of power patterns (power generation patterns) in the embodiment.
- 6A and 6B are diagrams showing examples of power patterns (demand patterns) in the embodiment.
- 7A to 7D are diagrams showing an example in which the pattern type is applied in the embodiment.
- the power of the power storage equipment 20 provided in each of a plurality of buildings 40 of a plurality of consumers that receive power from the power system 30 and the power received from the power system 30 are It is supplied to the electric load 42 through the electric wiring 41 laid in each.
- the power management apparatus 10 instructs the control details of charging and discharging of the power storage facility 20 for each building 40.
- the power management apparatus 10 includes a storage unit 11, a classification unit 12, a planning unit 13, and an instruction unit 14.
- the storage unit 11 stores, for each building 40, changes with time of the monitoring power, with the power of interest in each of the plurality of buildings 40 being the monitoring power.
- the classification unit 12 classifies changes in a predetermined unit period with respect to the monitoring power for each building 40 stored in the storage unit 11 into a plurality of types of power patterns.
- the planning unit 13 defines the control contents of charging and discharging of the power storage equipment 20 for each pattern type by using the plurality of types of power patterns classified by the classification unit 12 as two or more pattern types.
- the control content is determined under the condition that either the amount of power received from the power system 30, the consideration for the amount of power received from the power system 30, or the discharge amount of carbon dioxide is minimized.
- the instructing unit 14 instructs the power storage equipment 20 of the building 40 that matches each pattern type to the control content for each pattern type determined by the planning unit 13.
- the monitored power includes demand power that is the power consumed by the electrical load 42 for each building 40 and the remaining capacity in the power storage equipment 20 for each building 40.
- storage part 11 memorize
- the power pattern includes a demand pattern that classifies changes in demand power in the unit period and a remaining pattern that classifies the remaining capacity at the start of the unit period.
- the classification unit 12 classifies the plurality of demand powers respectively corresponding to the plurality of buildings 40 stored in the storage unit 11 into two or more types of demand patterns and stores the plurality of demand power stored in the storage unit 11.
- a plurality of remaining capacities corresponding to the buildings 40 are classified into two or more remaining amount patterns.
- each of the two or more pattern types desirably includes a combination of a demand pattern and a remaining amount pattern.
- the monitoring power is generated by the power generation equipment 21 for each building 40. It is desirable to further include generated electric power that is electric power generated by.
- the storage unit 11 stores the transition of the generated power with the passage of time for each building 40.
- the power pattern further includes a power generation pattern in which changes in generated power in the unit period are classified.
- the classification unit 12 classifies the plurality of generated powers respectively corresponding to the plurality of buildings 40 stored in the storage unit 11 into two or more types of power generation patterns.
- each of the two or more pattern types desirably includes a combination of a demand pattern, a remaining amount pattern, and a power generation pattern.
- the classification unit 12 desirably uses an area where the power generation equipment 21 is installed as a classification condition in addition to a change in generated power when classifying two or more types of power generation patterns.
- the classification unit 12 desirably uses the rated power of the power generation equipment 21 as a classification condition in addition to the change in the generated power when classifying two or more types of power generation patterns.
- the classification unit 12 preferably includes a cluster generation unit 121 and a pattern generation unit 122.
- the cluster generation unit 121 divides a plurality of monitoring power changes corresponding to the plurality of buildings 40 in the unit period into two or more clusters.
- the pattern generation unit 122 determines one representative pattern of one or more changes in the monitoring power as a power pattern for each of two or more clusters divided by the cluster generation unit 121.
- the planning unit 13 compares the two or more representative patterns respectively corresponding to the two or more clusters determined by the pattern generation unit 122 and the monitoring power of the building 40 of interest stored in the storage unit 11.
- the monitoring power stored in the storage unit 11 is at least one of a past value in a past unit period and a predicted value in a future unit period.
- a power management system is constituted by the power management device 10, the power storage facility 20, and the control device 22.
- the power storage facility 20 is provided in each of a plurality of buildings 40 of a plurality of consumers that receive power from the power system 30, and the power received from the power system 30 through the electrical wiring 41 laid in each of the plurality of buildings 40.
- power is supplied to the electric load 42.
- Control device 22 controls charging and discharging of power storage facility 20 in accordance with the control content instructed from power management device 10.
- the power management apparatus 10 employs the following power management method. That is, this power management method supplies power from the power storage facility 20 provided in each of the plurality of buildings 40 of a plurality of consumers and power received from the power system 30 to the electrical load 42 through the electrical wiring 41. The control contents of charging and discharging of the power storage equipment 20 are instructed for each building 40.
- storage part 11 memorize
- the classification unit 12 classifies changes in a predetermined unit period with respect to the monitoring power for each building 40 stored in the storage unit 11 into a plurality of types of power patterns.
- a plurality of types of power patterns classified by the classification unit 12 are set as two or more pattern types, and the planning unit 13 determines the charge and discharge control contents of the power storage equipment 20 for each pattern type under a predetermined condition.
- the predetermined condition is a condition of minimizing either the amount of power received from the power system 30, the consideration for the amount of power received from the power system 30, or the amount of carbon dioxide emission.
- the instructing unit 14 instructs the power storage equipment 20 of the building 40 to which each pattern type matches the control content for each pattern type determined by the planning unit 13.
- each customer building 40 includes a photovoltaic power generation facility as the power generation facility 21, but the power generation facility 21 can be omitted. That is, the technology described in the following embodiment can be applied even to a building 40 including only the power storage facility 20.
- the power management apparatus 10 described below includes a computer including a processor that operates according to a program as a main hardware element. This type of computer includes a microcomputer having a memory integrated with a processor, or a processor that requires a separate memory. The program is written in a ROM (Read Only Memory) implemented as hardware together with the processor. Alternatively, the program may be acquired through an electric communication line such as the Internet or read from a computer-readable recording medium.
- the power storage facility 20 and the power generation facility 21 share a power conditioner 23. That is, the power storage facility 20 includes a storage battery 201 and a power conditioner 23.
- the power conditioner 23 is bidirectional between direct current power and alternating current power so that the storage battery 201 can be charged and discharged. Power conversion.
- the power generation facility 21 includes a solar cell 211 and a power conditioner 23, and the power conditioner 23 converts DC power output from the solar cell 211 into AC power.
- the power conditioner 23 includes a configuration that individually converts power to the storage battery 201 and the solar battery 211.
- the power conditioner 23 can also operate using the power generated by the solar cell 211 to charge the storage battery 201.
- the operation of the power conditioner 23 is controlled by the control device 22. The operation of the control device 22 will be described later.
- the building 40 includes a distribution board 43 that receives power from the power system 30, and the power conditioner 23 is connected to the electrical wiring 41 via the distribution board 43. That is, the distribution board 43 supplies the electric power received from the electric power system 30 and the electric power stored in the storage battery 201 or the electric power generated by the solar battery 211 to the electric load 42 through the electric wiring 41 laid in the building 40. .
- a solid line indicates power wiring
- a broken line indicates a signal or information path.
- the control device 22 charges and discharges the power storage facility 20 using the power received by the building 40 from the power grid 30, the power output from the power conditioner 23, and the power consumed by the electrical load 42 as main input information. Control.
- the power output from the power conditioner 23 means the power output from the power generation facility 21.
- the control device 22 also manages the remaining capacity of the storage battery 201 provided in the power storage facility 20.
- the power received from the power system 30 is referred to as “received power”
- the power consumed by the electrical load 42 is referred to as “demand power”
- the power generated by the power generation facility 21 is referred to as “generated power”.
- the control device 22 collects received power, demand power, remaining capacity, and generated power, and controls charging and discharging of the power storage facility 20 in accordance with the control content instructed from the power management device 10.
- the power management apparatus 10 is provided in a server 50 connected to a telecommunication line NT such as the Internet.
- the power management apparatus 10 is provided in the server 50 because it is convenient to collect information from a plurality of buildings 40 and generate control contents to be given to the control apparatus 22 based on the collected information.
- a configuration for performing distributed processing may be employed.
- the server 50 described below includes a power management apparatus 10 and a communication interface unit 51.
- the communication interface unit 51 communicates with the control device 22 that controls charging and discharging of the power storage equipment 20 provided in the building 40 in accordance with the control content instructed from the power management device 10.
- the power management apparatus 10 includes a storage unit 11 that stores, for each building 40, changes with time in demand power, remaining capacity, and generated power for a plurality of buildings 40.
- the storage unit 11 stores the demand power, the remaining capacity, and the generated power for a period longer than a predetermined unit period.
- Demand power, remaining capacity, and generated power are acquired by the control device 22 every predetermined time (for example, selected from 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, etc.), and the power management device 10 is transmitted through the telecommunication line NT. Receive.
- the unit period is usually preferably 1 day from 0:00 to 24:00, but may be set to 2 days, 1 week, etc. Further, the day is divided into a plurality of periods, and morning (6: 00-12: 00), daytime (12: 00-18: 00), nighttime (for example, 18:00 to 6:00 the next day) It may be a unit period. Alternatively, it is possible to set only the daytime period of the day as the unit period. In this case, the daytime period changes according to the season or region, so it depends on the season or region. It is also possible to change the unit period.
- the information stored in the storage unit 11 is a past actual value or a predicted value in the future, and it is not necessary to notify the power management apparatus 10 when the information is generated.
- the predicted value is calculated by adding other information (date, season, region, weather forecast, etc.) to the actual value. Therefore, the predicted value may be calculated by the server 50 in addition to being calculated by the control device 22.
- the remaining capacity of the power storage facility 20 is necessary. However, in the processing of the power management device 10, demand power, remaining capacity, and generated power are handled in the same manner. Therefore, the remaining capacity may be processed similarly to the demand power and generated power.
- FIGS. 2A to 2D the building 40a corresponds to FIG. 2A
- the building 40b corresponds to FIG. 2B
- the building 40c corresponds to FIG. 2C
- the building 40d corresponds to FIG. 2D
- the solid line represents demand power
- the broken line represents generated power.
- reference numerals 40a to 40d correspond to the buildings 40a to 40d in FIGS. 2A to 2D, respectively.
- FIGS. 2A to 2D in the change of the plurality of generated power corresponding to the buildings 40a to 40d, the power pattern shown in FIG. 3B (form of change in generated power) and the power shown in FIG. Two types of patterns are found.
- FIG. 4B the form of change in demand power
- FIG. Two types are found.
- FIGS. 2A to 2D is an example, and if more buildings 40 are targeted, the number of power patterns related to changes in demand power and generated power increases. The rate of increase is expected to be small. Moreover, when the buildings 40 in the same region are targeted, it is expected that the number of power patterns will be saturated when the number of buildings 40 increases.
- the power pattern in which the demand power, the remaining capacity, and the generated power change also varies depending on the scale of the equipment (electric load 42, power storage equipment 20, power generation equipment 21) in the building 40.
- the demand power, the remaining capacity, and the generated power are not corrected according to the scale of the facility, and are divided into power patterns based only on the absolute values of the demand power, the remaining capacity, and the generated power.
- the classification unit 12 includes a cluster generation unit 121 that divides a change in generated power into clusters as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C and divides a change in demand power into clusters as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C. Furthermore, the classification unit 12 classifies each power pattern with respect to a change in demand power and a change in generated power.
- the cluster generation unit 121 uses, for example, a clustering method such as a k-means method in order to classify a change in demand power and a change in generated power. Since the k-average method generates clusters randomly, it is desirable that the number of clusters is set in advance. If the number of clusters is set, the number of generated cluster combinations is limited, and the process of dividing the power pattern can be completed in a relatively short time. In addition, since the number of clusters is determined, the amount of processing to be divided into clusters is determined before starting the processing. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility that a failure such as processing delay occurs.
- a clustering method such as a k-means method in order to classify a change in demand power and a change in generated power. Since the k-average method generates randomly, it is desirable that the number of clusters is set in advance. If the number of clusters is set, the number of generated cluster combinations is limited, and the process of dividing the power pattern can be completed in a relatively short time
- the cluster generation unit 121 may divide the change in demand power and the change in generated power into clusters by other methods.
- the classification unit 12 includes a pattern generation unit 122 that determines a representative pattern for each of two or more clusters divided by the cluster generation unit 121.
- the pattern generator 122 generates the power generation patterns (representative patterns) shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B from the generated power clusters as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, and from the demand power clusters as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C.
- the demand pattern (representative pattern) shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is generated.
- the cluster representative pattern may be, for example, a power pattern having an average value of demand power or generated power in the cluster at each time.
- the classification unit 12 adds identification information to each of the demand pattern and the power generation pattern and outputs the information. That is, the classification unit 12 classifies changes in demand power and changes in generated power into power patterns.
- the upper stage is referred to as G1
- the lower stage is referred to as G2.
- the upper stage is called D1
- the lower stage is called D2.
- the demand pattern and the power generation pattern classified by the classification unit 12 are given to the planning unit 13, and the planning unit 13 charges and discharges the power storage equipment 20 in each building 40 for each pattern type that combines the demand pattern and the power generation pattern. Define the control content.
- the planning unit 13 includes a pattern determining unit 131 that applies a demand pattern and a power generation pattern to each building 40 in order to determine the charge and discharge control contents of the power storage equipment 20 for each building 40.
- the pattern determination unit 131 includes two or more demand patterns (representative patterns) respectively corresponding to the two or more clusters determined by the pattern generation unit 122, and the demand of the building 40 of interest stored in the storage unit 11. A change in electric power is compared and evaluated, and the demand pattern having the highest similarity is applied to the building 40 of interest.
- the pattern determination unit 131 includes two or more power generation patterns (representative patterns) respectively corresponding to two or more clusters determined by the pattern generation unit 122 and a certain building 40 that is stored in the storage unit 11. Are compared with each other, and the power generation pattern having the highest similarity is applied to the building 40 of interest. That is, for each building 40, the demand pattern and the power generation pattern are applied.
- the building 40a in FIG. 2A has the demand pattern D1 and the power generation pattern G1. Therefore, if the building 40a is represented as [D1, G1], the building 40b in FIG. 2B is represented as [D2, G1], the building 40c in FIG. 2C is represented as [D1, G2], and FIG. The building 40d is represented as [D2, G2]. Therefore, combinations of demand patterns and power generation patterns of the buildings 40a to 40d are as shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D.
- the extracted power pattern is applied to the building 40.
- the pattern determination unit 131 evaluates the degree of similarity between the change in demand power extracted from the building 40 and the determined demand pattern.
- the demand pattern with the highest degree of similarity is applied to the building 40.
- the pattern determining unit 131 evaluates the similarity between the change in the generated power extracted from the building 40 and the determined power generation pattern, and applies the power generation pattern having the highest similarity to the building 40.
- the pattern determination unit 131 evaluates the similarity using an evaluation value such as the Euclidean distance, and if the evaluation value is out of the allowable range, the existing power pattern is applied to the building 40. First, a new power pattern is obtained.
- the planning unit 13 obtains a demand pattern and a power generation pattern for each building 40, and then generates control contents regarding charging and discharging of the power storage facility 20 under predetermined conditions.
- the condition for generating the control content is to minimize any one of the amount of power received from the power system 30, the consideration for the amount of power received from the power system 30, and the emission amount of carbon dioxide. This condition is set in common for all buildings 40. However, the conditions may be determined for each building 40 according to the requirements of the building 40.
- the planning unit 13 can determine the control content with good accuracy by generating the control content under the constraint of the condition, for example, by treating it as a mixed integer programming problem. Is possible.
- the planning unit 13 generates control content for each combination of the demand pattern and the power generation pattern.
- four types of combinations are obtained for the four buildings 40a to 40d, and the number of buildings 40 and the total number of pattern types are equal.
- the number of buildings 40 and the total number of pattern types are not proportional to each other, and it is easily guessed that the type (number) of pattern types gradually saturates as the number of buildings 40 increases.
- the demand pattern and the power generation pattern are each aggregated to about 5 types at most.
- the power pattern combinations there are 25 power pattern combinations. Therefore, it is only necessary to generate 25 types of control content for 500 buildings 40 at the maximum, and the processing load for generating the control content is the control content for each combination of change in demand power and change in generated power. It is greatly reduced compared with the case of generating.
- control contents are generated for every 500 buildings 40. Processing load is reduced. Even if there are 10,000 buildings 40, the type of pattern type does not increase significantly, so the processing load does not increase 20 times the processing load when there are 500 buildings 40. The load is estimated to increase only 4-5 times at most.
- Table 1 shows an example in which demand patterns, power generation patterns, and remaining capacity patterns are assigned to N buildings 40 (No. 1 to No. N).
- the example in Table 1 assumes a case where there are three types of demand patterns (D1 to D3), five types of power generation patterns (G1 to G5), and three types of remaining amount patterns (R1 to R3).
- the control content for each pattern type determined by the planning unit 13 is input to the instruction unit 14.
- the instruction unit 14 notifies the control device 22 of the building 40 that matches the pattern type through the communication interface unit (hereinafter referred to as “communication I / F unit”) 51 of the control contents. That is, the instruction unit 14 notifies the control device 22 of the control content through the telecommunication line NT.
- the control device 22 accesses the server 50 at the time of power-on or at an appropriate timing to control it. It is desirable to receive the content.
- the control device 22 Upon receiving the control content, the control device 22 collects the received power, the demand power, the remaining capacity, and the generated power as described above, and charges the power storage facility 20 based on the control content given from the instruction unit 14. And discharge control. The above-described operation is repeated at regular time intervals or at appropriate timings, and the power storage facility 20 operates according to the control content determined according to the pattern type that combines the demand pattern and the power generation pattern (with the remaining amount pattern) for each building 40. Charging and discharging are controlled.
- the remaining capacity As for the remaining capacity, the form of change in power over time as in the demand pattern and the power generation pattern is not used as the remaining amount pattern, but the value at the start of the unit period is used as the remaining amount pattern. Accordingly, the remaining amount patterns are classified into, for example, three types of remaining capacity of 0%, 50%, and 100%, or 6 types in increments of 20%, and 11 types in increments of 10%.
- the change in demand power for each building 40, the change in remaining capacity, and the change in generated power are categorized into power patterns, and the control content for each building 40 is determined by a pattern type that combines power patterns.
- the processing load for determining the control content is reduced. That is, the processing load of the server 50 provided with the power management apparatus 10 is reduced, and the cost required for operation management of the server 50 is reduced.
- the processing load for determining the control content is reduced, it is possible to update the control content in a short time interval, and before the influence of the control content error caused by the prediction error becomes large, the control content Can be corrected. As a result, the charging and discharging control of the power storage equipment 20 is accurately performed in the building 40, and the condition (purpose) set when determining the control content is easily achieved.
- the cluster generation unit 121 uses only power.
- the power generation facility 21 is a solar power generation facility including the solar battery 211
- the generated power varies depending on the weather conditions of solar radiation and temperature. The weather conditions are affected by the area where the solar cell 211 is installed. Therefore, when using the solar power generation facility, it is desirable to include the actual value of the power generated by the solar power generation facility and the area where the building 40 exists.
- the rated capacity of the solar cell 211 is set as an initial condition.
- the number of elements can be reduced when the generated power is divided into clusters, and the clusters can be easily converged.
- the remaining capacity of the power storage facility 20 is divided into clusters, and the maximum capacity of the power storage facility 20 may be used as the initial condition.
- the power storage facility 20 includes the storage battery 201 and the power conditioner 23.
- a storage battery for traveling mounted on an electric vehicle is used.
- the electric vehicle is selected from an electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, an electric motorcycle, and the like.
- a device that replaces the power conditioner 23 is a power conversion device that charges and discharges the storage battery.
- the change in the remaining capacity of the storage battery mounted on the electric vehicle depends on how the electric vehicle is used, it is predicted that the power pattern can be classified for each building 40. Therefore, the above-described technique is applicable.
- the remaining capacity of the storage battery can be handled in the same manner as the storage battery 201 of the power storage facility 20 described above.
- the predicted value of the remaining capacity is predicted based on the travel schedule of the electric vehicle. Since the amount of power that can be discharged from the plug-in hybrid vehicle cannot be predicted by the remaining capacity of the storage battery mounted on the electric vehicle, the travelable distance is obtained from the electric vehicle, and the distance obtained by subtracting the travel schedule of the electric vehicle is It is desirable to convert the amount of power that can be discharged.
- the electric vehicle is a fuel cell vehicle, it does not contribute to charging, but the above-described technique may be applied focusing only on discharging.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
- 電力系統から電力を受電する複数の需要家の複数の建物の各々に設けられた蓄電設備の電力および前記電力系統から受電した電力を、前記複数の建物の各々に敷設された電気配線を通して電気負荷に供給するにあたり、建物ごとに前記蓄電設備の充電および放電の制御内容を指示する電力管理装置であって、
前記複数の建物の各々において着目する電力を監視電力として、前記監視電力の時間経過に伴う変化を建物ごとに記憶する記憶部と、
前記記憶部が記憶している建物ごとの前記監視電力について所定の単位期間における変化を複数種類の電力パターンに類別する分類部と、
前記分類部が類別した前記複数種類の電力パターンを2つ以上のパターン型として、パターン型ごとに、前記電力系統から受電する電力量と前記電力系統から受電する電力量に対する対価と二酸化炭素の排出量とのいずれかを最小化するという条件で、前記蓄電設備の充電および放電の制御内容を定める計画部と、
前記計画部が定めたパターン型ごとの前記制御内容を、各パターン型が適合する建物の前記蓄電設備に指示する指示部とを備える
電力管理装置。 - 前記監視電力は、建物ごとの前記電気負荷が消費する電力である需要電力と、建物ごとの前記蓄電設備における残容量とを含み、
前記記憶部は、前記需要電力の時間経過に伴う変化と、前記残容量の時間経過に伴う変化とを、建物ごとに記憶し、
前記電力パターンは、前記単位期間における前記需要電力の変化を類別した需要パターンと、前記単位期間の開始時点における前記残容量を類別した残量パターンとを含み、
前記分類部は、前記記憶部が記憶している前記複数の建物にそれぞれ対応する複数の需要電力を2種類以上の需要パターンに類別し、かつ前記記憶部が記憶している前記複数の建物にそれぞれ対応する複数の残容量を2種類以上の残量パターンに類別し、
前記2つ以上のパターン型の各々は、前記需要パターンと前記残量パターンとの組み合わせを含む
請求項1記載の電力管理装置。 - 自然エネルギーを用いて発電し、発電した電力を前記電気配線を通して前記電気負荷に供給する発電設備が前記複数の建物の各々に設けられている場合、
前記監視電力は、建物ごとの前記発電設備が発電する電力である発電電力をさらに含み、
前記記憶部は、前記発電電力の時間経過に伴う推移を建物ごとに記憶し、
前記電力パターンは、前記単位期間における前記発電電力の変化を類別した発電パターンをさらに含み、
前記分類部は、前記記憶部が記憶している前記複数の建物にそれぞれ対応する複数の発電電力を2種類以上の発電パターンに類別し、
前記2つ以上のパターン型の各々は、前記需要パターンと前記残量パターンと前記発電パターンとの組み合わせを含む
請求項2記載の電力管理装置。 - 前記分類部は、
前記2種類以上の発電パターンの類別に際して、前記発電電力の変化に加えて、前記発電設備が設置されている地域を類別の条件に用いる
請求項3記載の電力管理装置。 - 前記分類部は、
前記2種類以上の発電パターンの類別に際して、前記発電電力の変化に加えて、前記発電設備の定格電力を類別の条件に用いる
請求項3記載の電力管理装置。 - 前記分類部は、
前記単位期間における前記複数の建物にそれぞれ対応する複数の監視電力の変化を2つ以上のクラスタに分けるクラスタ生成部と、
前記クラスタ生成部に分けられた前記2つ以上のクラスタの各々について、1ないし複数の監視電力の変化の1の代表パターンを定めるパターン生成部とを備え、
前記計画部は、
前記パターン生成部によって定められた前記2つ以上のクラスタにそれぞれ対応する2つ以上の代表パターンと、前記記憶部に記憶されているある着目する建物の前記監視電力の変化と、を比較し、類似度がもっとも高い代表パターンを、当該着目する建物に対する前記電力パターンとするパターン決定部を備える
請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の電力管理装置。 - 前記クラスタ生成部は、前記複数の監視電力の変化を分ける前記2つ以上のクラスタの個数があらかじめ設定されている請求項6記載の電力管理装置。
- 前記記憶部に記憶される前記監視電力は、過去の単位期間における実績値と、将来の単位期間における予測値との少なくとも一方である請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の電力管理装置。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の電力管理装置と、
前記電力系統から電力を受電する前記複数の需要家の前記複数の建物の各々に設けられ、前記複数の建物の各々に敷設された前記電気配線を通して、前記電力系統から受電した電力と併せて前記電気負荷に電力を供給する前記蓄電設備と、
前記電力管理装置から指示された前記制御内容に従って前記蓄電設備の充電および放電を制御する制御装置とを備える
電力管理システム。 - 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の電力管理装置と、
前記複数の建物の各々に設けられた前記蓄電設備の充電および放電を、前記電力管理装置から指示した前記制御内容に従って制御する制御装置との間で通信する通信インターフェイス部とを備える
サーバ。 - 電力系統から電力を受電する複数の需要家の複数の建物の各々に設けられた蓄電設備の電力および前記電力系統から受電した電力を、前記複数の建物の各々に敷設された電気配線を通して電気負荷に供給するにあたり、建物ごとに前記蓄電設備の充電および放電の制御内容を指示する電力管理方法であって、
前記複数の建物の各々において着目する電力を監視電力として、前記監視電力の時間経過に伴う変化を建物ごとに記憶部が記憶し、
前記記憶部が記憶している建物ごとの前記監視電力について所定の単位期間における変化を分類部が複数種類の電力パターンに類別し、
前記分類部が類別した前記複数種類の電力パターンを2つ以上のパターン型として、パターン型ごとに、前記電力系統から受電する電力量と前記電力系統から受電する電力量に対する対価と二酸化炭素の排出量とのいずれかを最小化するという条件で、計画部が前記蓄電設備の充電および放電の制御内容を定め、
前記計画部が定めたパターン型ごとの前記制御内容を、各パターン型が適合する建物の前記蓄電設備に指示部が指示する
電力管理方法。 - コンピュータを、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の電力管理装置として機能させるプログラム。
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Also Published As
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US10483761B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
JPWO2015004893A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
US20160156188A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
EP3021445A1 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
EP3021445B1 (en) | 2018-09-19 |
JP6298465B2 (ja) | 2018-03-20 |
EP3021445A4 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
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