WO2015003576A1 - 高承重快拆装式建筑模块及其制造方法和建筑构建方法 - Google Patents

高承重快拆装式建筑模块及其制造方法和建筑构建方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015003576A1
WO2015003576A1 PCT/CN2014/081607 CN2014081607W WO2015003576A1 WO 2015003576 A1 WO2015003576 A1 WO 2015003576A1 CN 2014081607 W CN2014081607 W CN 2014081607W WO 2015003576 A1 WO2015003576 A1 WO 2015003576A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
building
high load
structural member
wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/081607
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
庄献忠
Original Assignee
普帝龙绿色建筑研发（重庆）有限公司
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201310286068.6A external-priority patent/CN103334535B/zh
Priority claimed from CN 201320405823 external-priority patent/CN203361445U/zh
Application filed by 普帝龙绿色建筑研发（重庆）有限公司 filed Critical 普帝龙绿色建筑研发（重庆）有限公司
Publication of WO2015003576A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015003576A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B1/3211—Structures with a vertical rotation axis or the like, e.g. semi-spherical structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/12—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
    • E04B1/5825—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section
    • E04B1/5831—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section of substantially rectangular form
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
    • E04B1/5825—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section
    • E04B1/5837—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section of substantially circular form
    • E04B1/585—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section of substantially circular form with separate connection devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3235—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures having a grid frame
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3235—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures having a grid frame
    • E04B2001/3241—Frame connection details
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3235—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures having a grid frame
    • E04B2001/3241—Frame connection details
    • E04B2001/3247—Nodes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3235—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures having a grid frame
    • E04B2001/3252—Covering details
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/327—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures comprised of a number of panels or blocs connected together forming a self-supporting structure
    • E04B2001/3276—Panel connection details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building block and a manufacturing method thereof, and at the same time designs a building construction method; specifically, an improvement of load bearing property, improvement of waterproof property, improvement of construction precision, improvement of construction progress, reduction of energy consumption and reduction of construction cost High load-bearing quick-disconnecting building module, its manufacturing method and building construction method. Background technique
  • modular buildings have appeared in parts of Korea, Japan, and the like throughout the world.
  • the modular building is assembled in a modular fashion to form a complete building envelope.
  • the main material of the building is made of expandable polystyrene as the main raw material through a series of processing techniques such as pre-expansion, mold injection molding and maturation. Orderly assembly at the site according to the design, through the mutual bite between the modules, glue, foaming agent filling, and then form a complete shell building.
  • the dome-type structure disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 200780048278. 4 is a modular assembled building structure, which effectively realizes rapid assembly and decomposition, uniform load distribution, and changes internal structure size. When the structure is assembled, it is assembled in order according to the design at the site, and the entire building shell is formed by the mutual engagement, glueing and foaming agent filling between the modules.
  • connection between the modules is made by splicing the concave and convex grooves between the modules, forming a closed structure to achieve the overall connection function, and bonding and sealing with an adhesive or a foaming filler to form a complete
  • the casing There is no guiding and positioning function in the connection process. In order to ensure the smooth installation of the module, the installation clearance of adjacent modules is large. Without an accurate connection reference, it is difficult to accurately position the modules.
  • a series of installation aids (such as tightening straps, support columns, etc.) are required to complete the basic structural installation, especially in size calibration. The steps waste more time. That is, the construction period is invisibly extended and the construction cost is increased.
  • the foamable polystyrene material belongs to the foam, its mechanical properties are relatively poor, and the module installation gap is large. After the installation is completed, the module will be relatively displaced or deformed due to the external action. It is difficult to repair. Therefore, after calibration, we must try our best to ensure the overall stability and take necessary protection, so that the human and material resources are wasted to some extent. Even after disassembly, it cannot be used again due to deformation, so the energy consumption is relatively large.
  • the building modules (ie, blocks) in the prior art modular building have low load carrying capacity, poor water resistance, low construction precision, slow construction progress, high energy consumption, and high construction cost.
  • a high load-bearing quick-disconnecting building module comprising a module, wherein: the module is a molded product of an EPS foam material and a reinforcing structural member.
  • the inner and outer surfaces of the module are flat or/and curved.
  • the module of the present invention is produced in the factory according to the design size scale, and the reinforcing structural member having the bearing capacity in the module is provided, so that the building load-resisting capacity assembled by the module is greatly improved, and the loading and unloading is not Causes deformation, reduces energy consumption, and reduces construction costs.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a high load-bearing quick-disconnect building module that improves load bearing property, improves water resistance, improves construction accuracy, improves construction progress, reduces energy consumption, and reduces construction costs.
  • the EPS pellet raw material is directly pre-expanded by steam heating to a ratio of 25 to 40 times the diameter of the EPS pellet raw material;
  • the pre-expanded EPS particles are aged, and the aging time is 24 to 72 hours;
  • the pre-embedded structural member is embedded in the molding die, and the matured EPS is introduced into the molding die at a steam pressure of 0. 5 ⁇ 0. 6Mpa, so that the EPS and the reinforcing structural member are integrated into one to form a molded module;
  • the module formed above is taken out from the molding die for inspection.
  • the above method enables the module to be produced in the factory according to the design size scale, and the reinforcing structural member with improved bearing capacity in the module, the building anti-loading capability assembled by the module is greatly improved, and the loading and unloading does not cause deformation. Reduced energy consumption and reduced construction costs.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a building construction method for a high load-bearing quick-disconnecting building module that improves load bearing property, improves water resistance, improves construction accuracy, improves construction progress, reduces energy consumption, and reduces construction cost. Among them: including the following steps:
  • the building body integrally comprises a wall body and a roof located at the top of the wall body; according to the design, the building body is totally decomposed into a plurality of modules having specific positions or non-specific corresponding positions and satisfying actual sizes, according to the module Designed to produce modules in the factory into modules of the desired shape and size;
  • the module with the strengthened structural member is transported to the construction site, and the module is assembled into the wall and the roof on the pouring foundation of the construction site, and the bottom of the wall is fixed with the pouring foundation; the ferrule is passed between the modules.
  • the rigid connection is integrated into a formed building body;
  • the water and electric pipeline is pre-buried into the reinforcing structural member to realize simultaneous construction and simultaneous completion of the water and electric pipeline and the building body;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure in which the inner surface or the outer surface of the module of the present invention is projected into a quadrangular shape.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure in which the inner surface or the outer surface of the module of the present invention is projected into a triangle shape.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a two-way ferrule according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the four-way ferrule in the module of the present invention after being connected with the reinforcing structural member.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the module of the present invention connected between the reinforcing structural members in the module by two-way ferrules.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the module of the present invention after longitudinal connection between the modules.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a pipe joint of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a pipe joint of the present invention connecting reinforcing structural members between modules.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a drainage groove provided at a longitudinal outer surface of a stage of the module of the present invention, that is, an enlarged structure view of A in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a side of a module in a masonry above a wall above the wall having a drainage groove, that is, an enlarged schematic view of a portion B in FIG.
  • a high load-bearing quick-disconnecting building module includes a module 1, wherein: the module 1 is a molded composite of an EPS foamed material and a reinforcing structural member 2, and an inner surface of the module 1 And the outer surface is flat or / and curved.
  • the module 1 has a reinforcing structural member 2 inside, so that any planar or curved module 1 is enhanced in strength, and the load bearing property is improved. Since the module 1 is completed in the factory, only the module is required at the construction site. Assembling each other, it is like assembling a building with a building block toy, which increases the construction speed, while reducing energy consumption and reducing construction costs.
  • the reinforcing structural member 2 is a pipe body or a profile channel steel, and the pipe bodies or the profile channel steel are arranged in a crisscross manner inside the module 1.
  • the reinforcing structural member 2 is a tubular body
  • the joints between the tubular bodies are connected to each other through a pipe joint.
  • the reinforcing structural member 2 is a profile channel steel
  • the joints between the profile channel steels are connected to each other through the ferrule 3 to form an integral body.
  • the pipe joint or ferrule 3 in this embodiment can adjust the size and connection of the structural member accordingly according to the load bearing design requirements of the building.
  • the ferrule 3 is in the shape of a box, and at least one set of opposite side walls of the ferrule 3 is provided with a profile channel.
  • the square hole is provided with a ferrule ridge 6 on the inner bottom wall or/and the top wall of the ferrule 3, and a ferrule groove 7 matching the ferrule ridge 6 is provided at the end of the profile channel.
  • the inner or outer surface plane projection shape of the module 1 is a quadrangle or/and a triangle
  • a guide boss is disposed on an adjacent side of the module 1 having a quadrangular shape projected on the inner surface or the outer surface 4, on the other adjacent side of the module 1 is provided with a guiding groove 5 matching the guiding boss 4;
  • a further guiding groove 5 is disposed on the bottom edge of the module 1 having a triangular shape projected on the inner surface or the outer surface, and a further guiding boss 4 and a further guiding concave are disposed on both sides of the module 1 Slot 5.
  • the guiding boss 4 on the module 1 has a slight draft angle, which is convenient for the module 1 Installation connection between.
  • the bottom edge of the module 1 is provided with three steps, which are sequentially from the inner surface to the outer surface of the module 1. Decrease, and each step has a certain inclination to face outward, so as to ensure that the module 1 is assembled into a wall, and the rain-facing surface of the wall guides the rainwater at the longitudinal joint of the module and does not reverse;
  • At least one side of the module 1 in the masonry of the wall has a sunken platform laterally, the sinking platform projects the outer surface of the module 1 to be smaller than the inner surface projection, and at least one drainage groove is disposed on the longitudinal outer surface of the sinking table, the module There is a certain gap between the 1st in the lateral joint to avoid the rainwater absorbing the rainwater at the joint of the module, so as to ensure that the module 1 is assembled into a wall, and the rain-facing surface of the wall guides the rainwater at the lateral joint of the module and is not reversed.
  • the material of the module 1 itself has a certain bearing performance, and a unique lateral direction is made in the layout of the joint position of the module and the module, and the longitudinal and longitudinal side surfaces are cross-positioned and interlocked, and waterproofed.
  • the inner surface or the outer surface of the module 1 has a plane projection shape of a quadrilateral or/and a triangle;
  • the side of the module 1 has a guiding boss 4 and a guiding groove 5, which is matched with the guiding groove 5.
  • a method for manufacturing a high load-bearing quick-disconnecting building module wherein: the steps included are as follows:
  • the EPS pellet raw material is directly pre-expanded by steam heating to a ratio of 25 to 40 times the diameter of the EPS pellet raw material;
  • the pre-expanded EPS particles are aged, and the aging time is 24 to 72 hours;
  • the composite structural member 2 is pre-embedded into the molding die, and the above-mentioned cured EPS is introduced into the molding die at a steam pressure of 0. 5 ⁇ 0. 6Mpa, so that the EPS and the reinforcing structural member 2 are integrated into one to form a molded module. 1;
  • the module 1 formed above is taken out from the molding die for inspection.
  • the steam heating device used in this embodiment, the foaming container, and the flow guiding device all employ existing foaming equipment.
  • the diameter of the EPS particle material is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
  • the module 1 that has passed the inspection is subjected to the treatment of the decorative material of the outer surface and the inner surface, and then The fireproof and impact resistant as well as the aging and aesthetic processing are processed, and then the water and electric pipeline is pre-buried in the reinforcing structural member 2, so that the module 1 becomes the finished module 1.
  • the contact between the reinforcing structural member 2 and the molding die in the molding die has a function of preventing leakage of the EPS material and ensuring smooth product release. A cushion that extends the life of the forming mold.
  • a building construction method for a high load-bearing quick-disconnecting building module comprising: the following steps:
  • the building body integrally comprises a wall body and a roof located at the top of the wall body; according to the design, the building body is totally decomposed into a plurality of modules 1 having a specific position or a non-specific corresponding position and satisfying the actual size, according to the Mode Block 1 is designed to produce module 1 into a module of the desired shape and size in the factory;
  • the module 1 having the reinforced structural member 2 is transported to the construction site, and the module 1 is assembled into a wall and a roof on the pouring foundation of the construction site, and the bottom of the wall is fixed integrally with the pouring foundation; Forming the building body by rigidly connecting the ferrules 3;
  • the module 1 When the module 1 is assembled into a wall and a roof in step 2, the water and electric pipeline is pre-buried into the reinforcing structural member 2 to realize simultaneous construction and simultaneous completion of the water and electric pipeline and the building body;
  • the surface treatment of the exterior wall of the building can be achieved by the surface treatment of the module 1 in the factory, so that the surface treatment can be omitted to improve the construction progress.
  • the entire wall of the building body has a floor surface, so that the building body as a whole forms a multi-story building; according to the floor design, it is decomposed into A plurality of modules 1 having a specific position or a non-specific corresponding position and satisfying the actual size, according to the module 1 design, the module 1 is produced into a module of a desired shape and size in a factory; and then each module is passed through the ferrule 3 at the construction site.
  • the rigid connection forms a floor surface, and the water electric line is pre-buried into the reinforcing structural member 2 in the module 1 while assembling the module 1; finally, the floor surface is beautified.
  • the modules 1 are misaligned with each other, so that the assembled body of the module 1 forms a force-receiving net.
  • the modules 1 are integrally connected by a ferrule 3 or a pipe joint.
  • the pipe joint comprises two connecting heads 8, both of which are connected to the outer wall of the reinforcing structural member 2 and After the end faces of the pipe body are in close contact with each other, the fastening screws 9 are fixedly integrated to realize a fixed connection between the modules 1 having the reinforcing structural members 2 inside.
  • the joint 8 and the tubular body of the reinforcing structural member 2 are fastened by screws.
  • the present invention improves load bearing capacity, improves water resistance, improves construction accuracy, improves construction progress, reduces energy consumption, and reduces construction costs.

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种建筑模块及其制造方法，其中，该建筑模块包括模块（1），该模块（1）为EPS发泡材料与加强结构件（2）的复合体，模块（1）的内表面和/或外表面呈平面和/或曲面，多个加强结构件（2）通过管接头或卡套（3）连接成一体。该建筑模块的制造方法为，通过将EPS颗粒蒸汽加热预发泡、熟化以及与加强结构件（2）加压复合成型。还提供一种建筑构建方法，其是将建筑整体模块化预制再通过连接组装的方式建造建筑。该建筑模块承载力强，拆装方便。

Description

高承重快拆装式建筑模块及其制造方法和建筑构建方法 技术领域
[0001 ] 本发明涉及建筑砌块及其制造方法，同时设计一种建筑构建方法；具体是一种提 高承载性、提高防水性、提高施工精度、提高施工进度、降低能耗和降低建筑成本的高承重 快拆装式建筑模块及其制造方法和建筑构建方法。 背景技术
[0002] 目前建筑大多以钢筋混凝土或钢结构现场施工为主要建造方式，其建设周期相当 长，人力成本以及资金成本运行较高。 人们的居住理念及居住思维方式已经被这种模式而 牢牢束缚。 住宅产业化是未来建筑的发展方向。
[0003] 为解决上述问题，在全世界范围内，韩国、日本等部分地区出现了模块式建筑。 该 模块式建筑以模块形式进行有序组装从而形成一个完整的建筑壳体。该建筑的主体材料以 可发泡性聚苯乙烯为主要原料通过预发泡、模具注塑、熟化等一系列的加工工艺生产制作。 在现场按设计进行有序组装，通过模块之间的相互咬合、打胶、发泡剂填充，进而形成一个 完整的壳体建筑。
[0004] 中国专利 200780048278. 4公布的穹顶式结构就是一种模块组装式建筑结构，该 结构有效实现了快速组装和分解，载荷分布均匀，改变内部结构尺寸。 该结构组装时，是在 现场按设计进行有序组装，通过模块之间的相互咬合、打胶、发泡剂填充，进而形成一个完 整的建筑壳体。
[0005] 但是，在使用过程中，该穹顶式结构和现有技术的模块式建筑中使用的模块（即砌 块）存在以下问题：
1、模块之间的连接是通过模块之间的咬合凹凸槽搭接而成，形成一个封闭的结构才能 起到整体连接作用，利用粘接剂或发泡填充剂进行粘接密封，形成一个完整的壳体。在连接 过程中没有导向定位功能，为保证模块能顺利安装，其相邻模块的安装间隙较大。 如果没 有一个精确的连接基准是很难做到模块之间的准确定位，目前施工需要利用一系列安装辅 助工具 (如：收紧带、支撑柱等）才能完成基本结构安装，尤其是在尺寸校准步骤浪费较多时 间。 即无形中延长了施工周期和增加了建筑成本。
[0006] 2、因为可发泡型聚苯乙烯材料属于泡沫材料自身力学性能等相对较差，模块安装 间隙较大，在安装完成后由于受到外界的作用，模块会发生相对移位或变形，导致修复起来 难度较大。 所以校准后必须尽力保证整体的稳定性采取必要的防护，从而一定程度上产生 人力物力的浪费。 即使拆卸之后，由于形变也无法再次使用，因此能耗相对较大。
[0007] 3、上述结构和现有技术的模块式建筑的竖向墙面都是 3个模块一组，顺序分层依 次相连形成一个建筑壳体。 这种连接形式在经过多次的验算和试验表明在雪载情况下，模 块之间的结合处是应力较为集中的部位，而这种形式的连接在完成后，结合部位都是在等 高圆周上。该处部位只是利用模块自身咬合凹凸槽以及粘接剂、发泡填充剂的粘连在一起。 其刚性较差不具备传统建筑的抗雪载能力的优越性。 即抗剪切力差，抗载能力低。
[0008] 4、现有技术方案或实施产品不具备功能性防水，其防水功能是砂浆涂层起作用。 如果在砂浆开裂或破损的情况下，其模块组合不具备防水功能，壳体空间内会造成大量积 水，不满足现代房屋建筑规范和国家标准。 即防水性能差。
[0009] 综上所述，现有技术的模块式建筑中的建筑模块（即砌块）承载性低、防水性差、施 工精度低、施工进度慢、能耗大和建筑成本高。 发明内容
[0010] 本发明的一个目的是提供一种提高承载性、提高防水性、提高施工精度、提高施工 进度、降低能耗和降低建筑成本的高承重快拆装式建筑模块。
[001 1 ] 为实现本发明上述目的而采用的技术方案是：一种高承重快拆装式建筑模块，包 括模块，其中：所述模块为 EPS发泡材料与加强结构件的型模复合体，该模块的内表面和外 表面呈平面或 /和曲面。
[0012] 由于上述结构，本发明的模块在工厂中根据设计尺寸规模生产，并且模块中具有 提高承载力的加强结构件，使得由模块组装成的建筑抗载能力大幅度提升，装卸也不会造 成形变，降低了能耗，降低了建筑成本。
[0013] 本发明的又一目的是提供一种提高承载性、提高防水性、提高施工精度、提高施工 进度、降低能耗和降低建筑成本的高承重快拆装式建筑模块的制造方法。
[0014] 为实现本发明上述目的而采用的技术方案是：包括的步骤如下：
I、将 EPS颗粒原料直接通过蒸汽加热预发泡至 EPS颗粒原料直径的 25〜 40倍率；
II、将上述预发泡后的 EPS颗粒进行熟化，熟化的时间为 24〜 72小时；
III、将加强结构件预埋入成型模具中，将上述熟化 EPS在蒸汽压力为 0. 5〜 0. 6Mpa之 间导入成型模具中，使得 EPS与加强结构件复合为一体形成成型的模块；
IV、将上述成型的模块从成型模具中取出送检。
[0015] 由于上述方法使得模块在工厂中根据设计尺寸规模生产，并且模块中具有提高承 载力的加强结构件，使得由模块组装成的建筑抗载能力大幅度提升，装卸也不会造成形变， 降低了能耗，降低了建筑成本。
[0016] 本发明的再一目的是提供一种提高承载性、提高防水性、提高施工精度、提高施工 进度、降低能耗和降低建筑成本的高承重快拆装式建筑模块的建筑构建方法，其中：包括如 下步骤：
①、设计建筑体整体，该建筑体整体包括墙体和位于墙体顶部的屋顶；根据该设计建筑 体整体分解为由若干具有特定位置或非特定对应位置且满足实际尺寸的模块，根据该模块 设计在工厂中将模块生产成所需形状、尺寸的模块；
②、将生产成型的具有加强结构件的模块运至施工工地，在施工工地的浇注地基上将 模块组装成墙体和屋顶，该墙体底部与浇注地基固定为一体；模块之间通过卡套刚性连接 为一体形成成型的建筑体；
③、在步骤②中将模块组装成墙体和屋顶时，将水电气管线预埋入所述加强结构件中， 实现水电气管线与建筑体同步施工和同步完工；
④、在成型的建筑体内表面和外表面进行涂层处理，然后进行美化处理。
[001 7] 由于上述方法使得现有建筑模式改变，同时该方法建筑中的模块在工厂中根据设 计尺寸规模生产，并且模块中具有提高承载力的加强结构件，使得由模块组装成的建筑抗 载能力大幅度提升，装卸也不会造成形变，降低了能耗，降低了建筑成本。 附图说明
[001 8] 本发明可以通过附图给出的非限定性实施例进一步说明。
[001 9] 图 1为本发明模块内表面或外表面投影为四边形的结构示意图。
[0020] 图 2为本发明模块内表面或外表面投影为三角形的结构示意图。
[0021 ] 图 3为本发明两向卡套的结构示意图。
[0022] 图 4为本发明模块内四向卡套与加强结构件连接后的结构示意图。
[0023] 图 5为本发明模块之间通过两向卡套将模块内加强结构件连接后的结构示意图。
[0024] 图 6为本发明模块之间纵向连接后的结构示意图。
[0025] 图 7为本发明管接头的结构示意图。
[0026] 图 8为本发明管接头将模块之间的加强结构件连接的结构示意图。
[0027] 图 9为本发明模块的沉台纵向外表面设置的排水槽处的结构示意图，即图 1中 A 处放大结构示意图。
[0028] 图 10为本发明墙体上方屋顶的砌体中模块的侧边具有排水槽处的结构示意图， 即图 2中 B处放大结构示意图。
[0029] 图中：1、模块；2、加强结构件；3、卡套；4、导向凸台；5、导向凹槽；6、卡套凸条；7、 卡套凹槽；8、连接头；9、紧固螺钉。 具体实施方式
[0030] 下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
参见附图 1至 10，一种高承重快拆装式建筑模块，包括模块 1，其中：所述模块 1为 EPS 发泡材料与加强结构件 2的型模复合体，该模块 1的内表面和外表面呈平面或 /和曲面。在 该实施例中，模块 1内部具有加强结构件 2，使得任一的平面或曲面模块 1受力性增强，提高 了承载性，由于该模块 1在工厂中完成，在施工地点只需将模块相互组装，犹如搭接积木玩 具般组装建筑，提高了施工速度，同时降低了能耗和降低了建筑成本。
[0031 ] 为提高模块的受力性，上述实施例中，优选地：所述加强结构件 2为管体或型材槽 钢， 管体之间或型材槽钢之间纵横交错设置在模块 1内部。
[0032] 为提高便受力可靠性和安装便捷性，上述实施例中，优选地：所述加强结构件 2为 管体时，管体之间的接点处通过管接头将各管体相互连接成一体；
所述加强结构件 2为型材槽钢时，型材槽钢之间的接点处通过卡套 3将各型材槽钢相 互连接成一体。 在该实施例中的管接头或卡套 3可根据建筑物的承载设计要求，相应调整 结构件的尺寸和连接方式。
[0033] 为实现模块 1之间的快速连接，上述实施例中，优选地：所述卡套 3为盒状，在卡套 3的至少一组相对的侧壁上设置有供型材槽钢穿入的方孔，在卡套 3的内底壁或 /和顶壁设 置有卡套凸条 6，在型材槽钢的端头设置有与卡套凸条 6匹配的卡套凹槽 7。
[0034] 为实现模块 1之间的快速连接和连接后的稳固性，上述实施例中，优选地：所述模 块 1的内表面或外表面平面投影外形为四边形或 /和三角形；
在内表面或外表面平面投影外形为四边形的模块 1的一相邻侧边上设置有导向凸台 4，在该模块 1的另一相邻侧边上设置有与导向凸台 4匹配的导向凹槽 5；
在内表面或外表面平面投影外形为三角形的模块 1的底边上设置有又一导向凹槽 5， 在该模块 1的两侧边上均设置有又一导向凸台 4和再一导向凹槽 5。
[0035] 为便于模块之间的快速连接和拆卸，提高施工精度和进度，上述实施例中，优选 地：所述模块 1上的导向凸台 4上具有微小的拔模斜度，便于模块 1间的安装连接。
[0036] 为提高模块之间组装后的建筑的防水性，上述实施例中，优选地：所述模块 1的底 边设置有三个台阶，该三个台阶由模块 1的内表面至外表面依次降低，且每一个台阶面向 外都具有一定的斜度，以此保证模块 1组装成墙体后墙体迎雨面在模块纵向结合处对雨水 进行引导且不反窜；
所述墙体上砌体中模块 1的至少一侧边横向上具有沉台，该沉台使模块 1的外表面投 影小于内表面投影，在沉台纵向外表面设置有至少一条排水槽，模块 1之间在横向结合处 具有一定间隙，避免雨水在模块结合处吸附造成雨水反窜，以此保证模块 1组装成墙体后 墙体迎雨面在模块横向结合处对雨水进行引导且不反窜。 在该实施例中，模块 1材料本身 已具备一定的承载性能，在模块与模块的接缝位置布局方面进行了独特的横向，纵向和接 缝侧立面的交叉定位和相互咬合，并且防水于一体。
[0037] 为实现模块之间的快速连接和连接后的稳固性，上述实施例中，优选地：所述模块 1的内表面或外表面平面投影外形为四边形或 /和三角形；
该模块 1侧边具有导向凸台 4和导向凹槽 5，所述导向凸台 4与导向凹槽 5匹配。
[0038] 上述所有实施例中的模块 1，均在工厂中直接完成，实现了产品工厂化，也就实现 了住宅产业化。
[0039] 一种高承重快拆装式建筑模块的制造方法，其中：包括的步骤如下：
I、将 EPS颗粒原料直接通过蒸汽加热预发泡至 EPS颗粒原料直径的 25〜 40倍率；
II、将上述预发泡后的 EPS颗粒进行熟化，熟化的时间为 24〜 72小时；
III、将加强结构件 2预埋入成型模具中，将上述熟化 EPS在蒸汽压力为 0. 5〜 0. 6Mpa 之间导入成型模具中，使得 EPS与加强结构件 2复合为一体形成成型的模块 1；
IV、将上述成型的模块 1从成型模具中取出送检。该实施例中所用蒸汽加热装置、与发 泡容器以及导流装置均采用现有发泡设备。
[0040] 为保证模块的强度和均匀的密度，上述实施例中，优选地：所述 EPS颗粒原料直径 小于或等于 0. 5毫米。
[0041 ] 为提高模块的整体性能，提高组装建筑时施工速度，降低施工成本，上述实施例 中，优选地：对送检合格的模块 1进行增加外表面和内表面的装饰材料处理，再进行防火防 冲击以及耐老化和美观性加工处理，然后再将水电气管线预埋在加强结构件 2中，使模块 1 成为成品模块 1。
[0042] 为进一步降低生产成本，延长磨具的使用寿命，上述实施例中，优选地：所述成型 模具中加强结构件 2与成型模具接触处具有防止 EPS材料泄露、保证产品出模畅顺和延长 成型模具使用寿命的缓冲垫。
[0043] 一种高承重快拆装式建筑模块的建筑构建方法，其中：包括如下步骤：
①、设计建筑体整体，该建筑体整体包括墙体和位于墙体顶部的屋顶；根据该设计建筑 体整体分解为由若干具有特定位置或非特定对应位置且满足实际尺寸的模块 1，根据该模 块 1设计在工厂中将模块 1生产成所需形状、尺寸的模块；
②、将生产成型的具有加强结构件 2的模块 1运至施工工地，在施工工地的浇注地基上 将模块 1组装成墙体和屋顶，该墙体底部与浇注地基固定为一体；模块 1之间通过卡套 3刚 性连接为一体形成成型的建筑体；
③、在步骤②中将模块 1组装成墙体和屋顶时，将水电气管线预埋入所述加强结构件 2 中，实现水电气管线与建筑体同步施工和同步完工；
④、在成型的建筑体内表面和外表面进行涂层处理，然后进行美化处理。 在该实施例 中，若为内部空间较小的建筑，通过模块 1在工厂中的表面处理就能达到建筑外墙的表面 处理，因此可以不进行表面处理，以提高施工进度。
[0044] 为使得建筑内部实用性增强，上述实施例中，优选地：所述建筑体整体的墙体中具 有楼面，使建筑体整体形成多层建筑；根据楼面设计将其分解为由若干具有特定位置或非 特定对应位置且满足实际尺寸的模块 1，根据该模块 1设计在工厂中将模块 1生产成所需 形状、尺寸的模块；然后在施工工地通过卡套 3将各模块 1刚性连接形成楼面，在组装模块 1的同时将水电气管线预埋入模块 1中的加强结构件 2中；最后对楼面进行美化处理。
[0045] 为使建筑受力均匀，上述实施例中，优选地：所述模块 1之间相互错位连接，使模 块 1组装后的建筑体形成受力网。
[0046] 为提高施工速度，上述实施例中，优选地：所述模块 1之间通过卡套 3或管接头连 接为一体。
[0047] 为提高模块之间连接处的稳固性，上述实施例中，优选地：所述管接头包括两块连 接头 8，该两块连接头 8均与加强结构件 2的管体外壁和管体端面紧贴后由紧固螺钉 9固接 为一体，实现对内部具有加强结构件 2的模块 1之间的固定连接。
[0048] 为进一步提高模块之间连接处的稳固性，上述实施例中，优选地：所述连接头 8与 加强结构件 2的管体之间通过螺钉紧固。
[0049] 显然，上述描述的所有实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基 于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它 实施例，都属于本发明保护的范畴。
[0050] 综上所述，本发明提高了承载性、提高了防水性、提高了施工精度、提高了施工进 度、降低了能耗和降低了建筑成本。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种高承重快拆装式建筑模块，包括模块（1)，其特征在于：所述模块（1 )为 EPS发 泡材料与加强结构件（2)的型模复合体，该模块（1 )的内表面和外表面呈平面或 /和曲面。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块，其特征在于：所述加强结构件（2) 为管体或型材槽钢， 管体之间或型材槽钢之间纵横交错设置在模块（1 )内部。
3.根据权利要求 2所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块，其特征在于：所述加强结构件（ 2 ) 为管体时，管体之间的接点处通过管接头将各管体相互连接成一体；
所述加强结构件（2 )为型材槽钢时，型材槽钢之间的接点处通过卡套（3)将各型材槽 钢相互连接成一体。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块，其特征在于：所述卡套（3 )为盒 状，在卡套（3)的至少一组相对的侧壁上设置有供型材槽钢穿入的方孔，在卡套〔3)的内底 壁或 /和顶壁设置有卡套凸条（6),在型材槽钢的端头设置有与卡套凸条（6 )匹配的卡套凹 槽（7〕。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块，其特征在于：所述模块（1 )的 内表面或外表面平面投影外形为四边形或 /和三角形；
在内表面或外表面平面投影外形为四边形的模块（ 1 )的一相邻侧边上设置有导向凸台
(4)，在该模块（1 )的另一相邻侧边上设置有与导向凸台（4)匹配的导向凹槽（5 )；
在内表面或外表面平面投影外形为三角形的模块（1 )的底边上设置有又一导向凹槽
( 5 )，在该模块（ 1 )的两侧边上均设置有又一导向凸台（ 4)和再一导向凹槽（ 5)。
6.根据权利要求 5所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块，其特征在于：所述模块 α )上的导 向凸台（ 4)上具有微小的拔模斜度，便于模块（ 1 )间的安装连接。
7. 根据权利要求 1、2、6之一所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块，其特征在于：所述模块 ( 1 )的底边设置有三个台阶，该三个台阶由模块（1 )的内表面至外表面依次降低，且每一个 台阶面向外都具有一定的斜度，以此保证模块（1 )组装成墙体后墙体迎雨面在模块纵向结 合处对雨水进行引导且不反窜；
所述墙体上砌体中模块（1 )的至少一侧边横向上具有沉台，该沉台使模块（1 )的外表 面投影小于内表面投影，在沉台纵向外表面设置有至少一条排水槽，模块（ 1 )之间在横向结 合处具有一定间隙，避免雨水在模块结合处吸附造成雨水反窜，以此保证模块（ 1 )组装成墙 体后墙体迎雨面在模块横向结合处对雨水进行引导且不反窜。
8. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块，其特征在于：所述模块（1 )的 内表面或外表面平面投影外形为四边形或 /和三角形；
该模块（1 )侧边具有导向凸台（4)和导向凹槽（5)，所述导向凸台（4)与导向凹槽（5) 匹配。
9. 一种高承重快拆装式建筑模块的制造方法，其特征在于：包括的步骤如下：
I、将 EPS颗粒原料直接通过蒸汽加热预发泡至 EPS颗粒原料直径的 25〜 40倍率；
II、将上述预发泡后的 EPS颗粒进行熟化，熟化的时间为 24〜 72小时；
III、将加强结构件（2 )预埋入成型模具中，将上述熟化 EPS在蒸汽压力为 0. 5〜 0. 6MPa 之间导入成型模具中，使得 EPS与加强结构件（2)复合为一体形成成型的模块（ 1 ) ;
IV、将上述成型的模块（1 )从成型模具中取出送检。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块的制造方法,其特征在于：所述 EPS颗粒原料直径小于或等于 0. 5毫米。
11.根据权利要求 9所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块的制造方法，其特征在于：对送检 合格的模块（ 1 )进行增加外表面和内表面的装饰材料处理，再进行防火防冲击以及耐老化 和美观性加工处理，然后再将水电气管线预埋在加强结构件（2)中，使模块（1 )成为成品模 块（1 )。
12.根据权利要求 9所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块的制造方法，其特征在于：所述成 型模具中加强结构件（2)与成型模具接触处具有防止 EPS材料泄露、保证产品出模畅顺和 延长成型模具使用寿命的缓冲垫。
13. 一种高承重快拆装式建筑模块的建筑构建方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
①、设计建筑体整体，该建筑体整体包括墙体和位于墙体顶部的屋顶；根据该设计建筑 体整体分解为由若干具有特定位置或非特定对应位置且满足实际尺寸的模块（ 1 )，根据该 模块（1 )设计在工厂中将模块（1 )生产成所需形状、尺寸的模块；
②、将生产成型的具有加强结构件（2)的模块（1 )运至施工工地，在施工工地的浇注地 基上将模块（ 1 )组装成墙体和屋顶，该墙体底部与浇注地基固定为一体；模块（ 1 )之间通过 卡套（3)刚性连接为一体形成成型的建筑体；
③、在步骤②中将模块（ 1 )组装成墙体和屋顶时，将水电气管线预埋入所述加强结构件 ( 2)中，实现水电气管线与建筑体同步施工和同步完工；
④、在成型的建筑体内表面和外表面进行涂层处理，然后进行美化处理。
14. 根据权利要求 13所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块的建筑构建方法，其特征在于： 所述建筑体整体的墙体中具有楼面，使建筑体整体形成多层建筑；根据楼面设计将其分解 为由若干具有特定位置或非特定对应位置且满足实际尺寸的模块（1 )，根据该模块（1 )设 计在工厂中将模块（1 )生产成所需形状、尺寸的模块；然后在施工工地通过卡套（3)将各模 块（ 1 )刚性连接形成楼面，在组装模块（ 1 )的同时将水电气管线预埋入模块（ 1 )中的加强结 构件（2)中；最后对楼面进行美化处理。
15.根据权利要求 13或 14所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块的建筑构建方法，其特征在 于：所述模块（ 1 )之间相互错位连接，使模块（ 1 )组装后的建筑体形成受力网。
16. 根据权利要求 15所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块的建筑构建方法，其特征在于： 所述模块（ 1 )之间通过卡套（ 3 )或管接头连接为一体。
17. 根据权利要求 16所述的高承重快拆装式建筑模块的建筑构建方法，其特征在于： 所述管接头包括两块连接头（8)，该两块连接头（8)均与加强结构件（2)的管体外壁和管体 端面紧贴后由紧固螺钉（9)固接为一体，实现对内部具有加强结构件（2)的模块（1 )之间的 固定连接。
18. 根据权利要求 17所述的可工厂化生产的高承载性可快拆装的模块式建筑，其特征 在于：所述连接头（8)与加强结构件（2)的管体之间通过螺钉紧固。
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