WO2015001163A2 - Nanopartículas lipídicas para la cicatrización de heridas - Google Patents
Nanopartículas lipídicas para la cicatrización de heridas Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015001163A2 WO2015001163A2 PCT/ES2014/070541 ES2014070541W WO2015001163A2 WO 2015001163 A2 WO2015001163 A2 WO 2015001163A2 ES 2014070541 W ES2014070541 W ES 2014070541W WO 2015001163 A2 WO2015001163 A2 WO 2015001163A2
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- rhegf
- lipid
- nlc
- growth factor
- lipid nanoparticle
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- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/44—Oils, fats or waxes according to two or more groups of A61K47/02-A61K47/42; Natural or modified natural oils, fats or waxes, e.g. castor oil, polyethoxylated castor oil, montan wax, lignite, shellac, rosin, beeswax or lanolin
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- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/51—Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles
- A61K9/5107—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
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- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/51—Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles
- A61K9/5192—Processes
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
Definitions
- the invention relates to lipid nanoparticles and their use as pharmaceutical compositions for wound healing, in particular as a suspension of nanoparticles, dressings or gels for topical application.
- Epidermal growth factor plays an important role in tissue regeneration and repair by stimulating cell migration, differentiation and proliferation, as well as promoting the formation of granulation tissue. From a clinical point of view, EGF has been used to improve healing, especially in diabetic foot ulcers. In clinical trials, evidence has been shown of the beneficial effects of topical application of EGF in neuropathic low-grade ulcers; however, the effect of the topical formulation of EGF can be diminished, especially in high-grade wounds, because an increase in the activity of proteases in this type of wounds has been identified.
- Rengen-D 150 TM is a gel containing 150 ⁇ g / g of Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor (rhEGF), which is manufactured in India to the treatment of grade I and II diabetic ulcers. It requires an administration of twice a day, for an average treatment period of 6 weeks.
- Heberprot® a lyophilized formulation containing 75 rhEGF, is administered three times per week by intralesional injection. It is marketed in Norway, Argentina, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic and Venezuela. A pilot study carried out in 20 diabetic patients showed that Heberprot® is a feasible and safe treatment to promote healing in chronic wounds of patients with full thickness ulcers.
- EP 1 987 817 B1 claims the production process of polymer microspheres containing rhEGF for intralesional administration in the lower extremities of diabetic patients to prevent amputation of lower extremities.
- Developed microspheres with a rhEGF content of 1.6-2.4% showed a controlled release of rhEGF from 5 to 10 ⁇ g per day for 14 days and a better ability to heal the lesion in humans compared to equivalent amounts of non-encapsulated rhEGF.
- lipid nanoparticles comprising epidermal growth factor with high encapsulation efficiencies, which applied in a topical formulation applied twice by Week improves healing.
- the invention relates to a lipid nanoparticle (lipid nanoparticle of the invention) comprising at least one solid lipid at room temperature, at least one non-ionic surfactant, and a growth factor.
- the invention relates to a method for the preparation of lipid nanoparticle of the invention characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- the application refers to a pharmaceutical composition (pharmaceutical composition of the invention) comprising the lipid nanoparticle of the invention and a pharmaceutical vehicle.
- the application refers to the lipid nanoparticle of the invention and the pharmaceutical composition comprising it, for use as a medicine, and for use in promoting wound healing.
- FIGURES Figure 1 shows the graphic representation of the in vitro effect of lipid nanoparticles loaded with rhEGF on cell proliferation.
- Figure 2 shows the photographs of the cellular uptake of the SLN-NileRed and NLC-NileRed formulations.
- Figure 3 shows the graphic representation of the in vivo effect of (A) SLNs loaded with rhEGF and (B) NLCs loaded with rhEGF at wound closure and (C) photographs of wounds in untreated control rats and rats treated with white SLN, white NLC, rhEGF-MS, empty MS control, free rhEGF, rhEGF-SLN
- Figure 4 shows the graphic representation of the in vitro effect of lipid nanoparticles loaded with rhEGF in the assessment of inflammation (A, C) and re-epithelialization score (B, D). Data shown as means ⁇ standard deviation.
- * Significantly greater than the untreated control (* p ⁇ 0.05, ** p ⁇ 0.01 and *** p ⁇ 0.001);'Significantly greater than the empty MS control ("p ⁇ 0.05,” p ⁇ 0.01 and'”pO.001);'Significantly greater than white SLN ( * p ⁇ 0.05,” p ⁇ 0.01 and ••• p ⁇ 0.001) ; v Significantly greater than white NLC ( v p ⁇ 0.05, vv p ⁇ 0.01 and vvv p ⁇ 0.001); ° Significantly greater than free rhEGF (° p ⁇ 0.05, oo p ⁇ 0.01 and ooo p ⁇ 0.001); * Significantly greater than rh
- Figure 5 shows micrographs (A) and a graphical representation (B) of the cutaneous uptake of SLN-NileRed and NLC-NileRed and paraffin-NileRed (arbitrary values of Pixel brightness (ABU) corrected for the fluorescent background in the stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis).
- ABU Pixel brightness
- Figure 6 shows the graphic representation of the in vitro effect of lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL-37 on cell proliferation.
- Figure 7 shows the graphic representation of the in vitro effect of the combination of rhEGF and LL-37 on cell proliferation.
- Figure 8 shows (A) the graphic representation of the in vivo effect of empty NLC, free rhEGF and rhEGF-NLC 20 ⁇ g in wound closure in pigs at 15, 25, 36 and 43 days and (B) photographs of wounds of pigs treated with empty NLC, free rhEGF and rhEGF-NLC 20 ig.
- Figure 9 shows (A) the graphic representation of epithelial length in the different groups studied (empty NLC, free rhEGF and rhEGF-NLC 20 ⁇ g) at 15, 25 and 43 days and (B) histological images of wounds at 15, 25 and 43 days. Data shown as means ⁇ standard deviation (D.E). *** Significantly greater than empty NLC and free rhEGF (p ⁇ 0.001).
- Figure 10 shows the graphic representation of the extent (mm) of healing at 15 days (A), at 25 days (B) and at 43 days (C). The results are shown as mean ⁇ D.E. *** p ⁇ 0.001 compared to the empty NLC and free rhEGF groups.
- the first aspect of the present invention relates to a lipid nanoparticle characterized in that it comprises at least one solid lipid at room temperature, at least one non-ionic surfactant, and a growth factor.
- lipid nanoparticles refer to particles in the nanometric range that possess a solid matrix.
- the matrix is composed of lipids that are solid at room temperature, but also at body temperature.
- solid lipid nanoparticles the matrix consists only of a solid lipid.
- nanostructured lipid carriers NLC
- the matrix consists of a mixture of solid lipids with liquid lipids (oils), but this mixture being solid at room temperature and also at body temperature (Muller et al. 2002, Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) in cosmetic and dermatological! preparations.
- the term "loaded with growth factor” refers to the growth factor embedded or encapsulated in the nanoparticle matrix.
- the lipid nanoparticles are SLN and in another particular embodiment, the lipid nanoparticles are NLC.
- the lipid nanoparticles are
- the growth factor is selected from a group consisting of a growth factor that belongs to the epidermal growth factor family (EGF), family of the transforming growth factor beta
- TGF-beta family of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), colony stimulating factor of macrophages and granulocytes (GM-CSF, from English granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) factor), family of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), family of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) insulin-like growth factor).
- the growth factor belongs to the family of epidermal growth factor (EGF), and more preferably the growth factor is epidermal growth factor.
- the lipid nanoparticles are loaded with EGF (also referred to hereinafter as EGF-SLN) and / or NLC charged with EGF (also referred to herein as forward as EGF-NLC).
- EGF also referred to hereinafter as EGF-SLN
- EGF-NLC EGF-NLC
- the epidermal growth factor is the recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF).
- rhEGF can be obtained commercially (Peprotech, Promega, Pharmchem, etc.) or be produced by recombinant DNA technology, as described for example in Marioka-Fujimoto et al. (Modified enterotoxin signal sequences increase secretion level of the recombinant human epidermal growth factor in Escherichia coli.
- the lipid nanoparticle of the invention has a proportion of growth factor, in particular EGF comprising between 0.01% and 20% by weight with respect to the total weight of the nanoparticle, preferably between 0.1% and 10% by weight. and most preferably between 0.5% and 5% by weight with respect to the total weight of the lipid nanoparticle.
- the lipid nanoparticles of the present invention comprise at least one solid lipid at room temperature.
- solid lipid at room temperature is understood as the lipid that remains solid at a temperature below 45 ° C, which can be saturated or unsaturated.
- Said definition includes mono-, di-, or triglycerides, fatty acids, spheroids and waxes.
- derivatives of those fatty acids can be used, the compounds produced being understood as a result of the reaction of the acid group with alcohols or amines such as, for example, the esters or amides of said fatty acids.
- the solid lipid at room temperature is selected from acylglycerides, saturated fatty acids with a chain of at least 10 carbon atoms or their derivatives or mixtures thereof.
- the acylglycerides are selected from glyceryl palmitostearate (Precirol® AT05), glyceryl monostearate (lmwitotf®900) and glyceryl behenate (Compritol® 888ATO).
- the lipid component is glyceryl palmostearate (Precirol® AT05).
- the lipid nanoparticle of the invention has a proportion of solid lipid comprising between 1% and 40% by weight with respect to the total weight of the lipid nanoparticle, preferably between 5% and 15%.
- the lipid nanoparticles of the invention also comprise a non-ionic surfactant.
- non-ionic surfactant is understood as the compound that has a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part that allows it to produce an emulsion.
- the nonionic surfactant is selected from polysorbates, polyethylene glycol copolymers, and polypropylene glycol copolymers, and mixtures thereof.
- the non-ionic surfactant is selected from the group comprising Tween, Span, Poloxamer and mixtures thereof.
- the nonionic surfactant is Tween 80, and in another preferred embodiment, the ionic surfactant is a mixture of Tween 80 and Poloxamer.
- the proportion of non-ionic surfactant is between 0.01% and 10% by weight with respect to the total weight of the lipid nanoparticle, preferably between 0.05% and 5%.
- the lipid nanoparticle of the invention comprises between 1% and 40% of a solid lipid at room temperature, between 0.01% and 10% of non-ionic surfactant, and between 0.01% and 20% of factor of growth, all percentages given by weight with respect to the total weight of the lipid nanoparticle.
- the lipid nanoparticle of the invention may optionally be presented as a lyophilized or dried product.
- the present invention relates to the lipid nanoparticles of the first aspect also comprising a liquid lipid at room temperature.
- liquid lipid at room temperature is understood as that lipid that is kept liquid at room temperature or below 45 ° C, being able to be saturated or unsaturated.
- the liquid lipid at room temperature is selected from esters of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, oils, fatty acids and triglycerides having a chain with less than 10 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof (for example triglyceride of caprylic acid and of capric acid ( Miglyol®), soybean oil, isopropyl myristate, castor oil).
- Miglyol® is used as liquid lipid
- the lipid component of the lipid nanoparticles is a combination of glyceryl palmostearate (Precirol® AT05) and a triglyceride of caprylic acid and capric acid (Miglyol®).
- liquid lipid at room temperature when incorporated into the nanoparticle, it is in a proportion between 1% and 30% by weight with respect to the total weight of the lipid nanoparticle, preferably between 5% and 15%.
- the ratio of solid lipid: liquid lipid is between 0.5: 10 and 5: 10.
- the present invention relates to a method (method 1 of the invention) for the preparation of lipid nanoparticles of the first aspect of the invention defined in previous paragraphs, characterized by comprising the following steps:
- the nanoparticles obtained with this method 1 are SLN.
- the first step (i) consists in dissolving the non-ionic surfactant in an aqueous solution, preferably water.
- the second step (ii) of preparing the lipophilic solution is carried out by dissolving the solid lipid at room temperature in an organic solvent, where the proportion of solid lipid is at least 1% of the weight with respect to the total weight of the organic solvent.
- the growth factor preferably EGF, and more preferably rhEGF, dissolves together with the lipid in the organic solvent.
- the choice of organic solvent depends largely on the lipid component.
- the organic solvent is selected from dichloromethane, acetone, chloroform, and mixtures thereof, and more preferably dichloromethane.
- the aqueous solution (i) is added over the lipophilic solution (ii).
- the resulting mixture is sonicated until an emulsion is obtained.
- the organic solvent is evaporated by any method known to the person skilled in the art.
- the evaporation step of the organic solvent is performed by keeping the emulsion under mechanical stirring for at least 60 minutes, preferably at least 120 minutes.
- the lipophilic solution solidifies, and the nanoparticle suspension is obtained, which is filtered by centrifugation. Finally, the collected lipid nanoparticles are washed and resuspended in purified water.
- the present invention relates to a method (method 2 of the invention) for the preparation of lipid nanoparticles of the second aspect of the invention defined in previous paragraphs, characterized by comprising the following steps:
- the nanoparticles obtained with this method 2 are NLC.
- the first step (i) consists in dissolving the non-ionic surfactant in an aqueous solution, preferably water.
- the second step (ii) of preparing the lipophilic solution is carried out by melting a mixture of a solid lipid and a liquid lipid at a temperature higher than the melting point of the liquid lipid.
- the growth factor preferably EGF, and more preferably rhEGF, dissolves together with the mixture of lipids.
- the aqueous solution (i) is heated to the temperature at which the lipid mixture has melted, the aqueous solution (i) is added to the lipophilic solution (ii). The resulting mixture is sonicated until an emulsion is obtained. Then, the emulsion (iv) is cooled to a temperature of 5 ° C ⁇ 3 ° C to allow lipid recrystallization and nanoparticle formation. After recrystallization of the lipids, a suspension of nanoparticles is obtained, which is subsequently filtered by centrifugation. Finally, the collected lipid nanoparticles are washed and resuspended in purified water.
- a fifth aspect refers to the lipid nanoparticles obtained by method 1 and the lipid nanoparticles obtained by method 2.
- the lipid nanoparticles of the first, second and fifth aspects of the present invention are characterized by having an equal or smaller average particle size. at 1 ⁇ , preferably having an average size between 1 nm and 100 nm, and more preferably between 150 nm and 400 nm.
- the average size can be measured by standard methods known to those skilled in the art, and which are described, for example, in the experimental part below (Table 1, Example 2).
- lipid nanoparticles can have a surface charge (measured by the Z potential), the magnitude can vary between -50 mV and +80 mV (Table 1, Example 2).
- lipid nanoparticles have an encapsulation efficiency greater than 40%, in particular greater than 70% for SLNs and greater than 95% for NLCs (Table 1, Example 2).
- lipid nanoparticles of the present invention release the charged growth factor in a sustained manner.
- Lipid nanoparticles loaded with growth factor have a release profile characterized by an initial release (bursf release) associated with the percentage of the protein associated to the surface, followed by a rapid release phase from 4 hours to 24 hours and finally , a slower phase of 24 hours to 72 hours is described until the total amount of EGF is released (Table 3, Example 2).
- This characteristic of sustained release provides an important advantage, since it allows safer treatments compared to those that use free EGF, which require continuous administrations of growth factor and higher doses to achieve the same therapeutic effects.
- reducing the dose can reduce unwanted adverse effects as it is not necessary to administer high doses of growth factor, since the encapsulated growth factor is released over time, in small but more effective doses.
- sustained release of growth factor allows reducing the number of administrations, increasing adherence to treatment by the patient and, consequently, the patient's quality of life.
- the inventors found that the lipid nanoparticles of the present invention, that is to say lipid nanoparticles loaded with EGF, show an unexpected in vitro proliferation rate of fibroblasts greater than that of free EGF (Example 3, section 3.1, Figure 1).
- the lipid nanoparticles of the invention ie EGF-SLN and EGF-NLC, are capable of entering the interior of the cell (Example 3, section 3.2, Figure 2).
- lipids as a matrix for a nanoparticle is advantageous over the use of common biodegradable and hydrolytically degradable polymers, such as PLGA, since lipid nanoparticles allow administration topical of the molecule loaded in the lipid nanoparticles.
- wound closure measurement but also in terms of healing quality based on the new microvasculature formed, fibroblast migration, collagen deposition and evolution of the inflammatory response.
- these results are very relevant because in animals treated with 20 ⁇ g of rhEGF-NLC administered topically it improves healing significantly compared to those treated with 75 ⁇ g of free rhEGF administered intralesionally.
- EGF-SLN and EGF-NLC show improved skin penetration capacity compared to paraffin cream (Example 3, section 3.4, Figure 5). This is an important advantage since it allows topical administration of the charged molecule in the lipid nanoparticles.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising the lipid nanoparticle of the invention defined in the first, second and fifth aspects of the invention, as described in any of the preceding paragraphs, and a vehicle. pharmacist.
- the pharmaceutical composition is administered topically. It can be administered as a gel, cream, ointment, dressing or as a patch.
- the pharmaceutical composition also comprises collagen, hyaluronic acid, aloe vera, fibrin, carbopol® polymers and cellulose derivatives.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention it refers to a lipid nanoparticle defined in the first, second and fifth aspects of the invention as described in any of the preceding paragraphs for use as a medicine.
- the invention relates to the pharmaceutical composition defined in the sixth aspect for use as a medicament.
- ninth aspect of the invention refers to the lipid nanoparticle defined in the first, second and fifth aspects of the invention described in any of the preceding paragraphs, for its use in promoting healing in a subject.
- it refers to SLN loaded with EGF, for use in promoting healing in a subject, and NLC loaded with EGF, for use in promoting healing in a subject.
- the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition defined in the sixth aspect of the invention for use in promoting healing of a subject.
- subject used herein refers to any vertebrate animal, preferably mammal and more preferably a human.
- wound refers to chronic wounds, wounds of difficult healing, ischemic wounds and burns.
- the wound is selected from the group comprising chronic wounds, ischemic wounds, burns and combinations thereof.
- chronic wounds are selected from the group comprising diabetic foot ulcers, pressure ulcers, vascular ulcers and combinations thereof.
- chronic wounds are defined as those wounds that fail to advance through an orderly and adequate repair process to restore anatomical and functional integrity for a period exceeding three months. All types of wounds have the potential to become chronic and, as such, chronic wounds are traditionally divided by their etiology into three categories: pressure ulcers, diabetic ulcers and vascular ulcers (venous and arterial ulcers).
- a pressure ulcer is defined as a lesion located in the skin and / or underlying tissue, usually on a bony prominence, as a result of a pressure or shear and / or combination of both.
- Diabetic foot ulcers are one of the most feared complications of diabetes, due to the serious consequences they have on the quality of life of the patient, and that appear as a result of several factors such as mechanical changes in the conformation of the bone architecture of the foot, peripheral neuropathy (damaged nerves) and peripheral vascular disease (artery blockage), all of which occur with greater frequency and intensity in The diabetic population.
- Vascular ulcers are usually located in the lower extremities.
- vascular ulcers are chronic and recurrent. They cause considerable morbidity among patients with peripheral vascular disease.
- Arterial or ischemic wounds are caused by poor perfusion to the lower extremities. Ischemia limits the supply of nutrients and oxygen, killing tissues and causing the formation of an open wound in the area. The reduced blood flow to the wound site severely hinders the healing response, causing a chronic wound that can end up in gangrene, and thus, in amputation.
- wounds of difficult healing are characterized by chronic persistence of inflammatory cells, disorder in the synthesis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and the lack of re-epithelialization; and burns are skin lesions caused by the effects of heat, fire, radiation, solar radiation, electricity or chemicals.
- the LL37 peptide corresponds to the C-terminal fragment of the human cathelicin antimicrobial protein, hCAP18, which is a component of the innate immune system and has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity (Heilborn et al., 2003, The cathelicidin anti-microbial peptide LL -37 is involved in re-epithelialization of human skin wounds and is lacking in chronic ulcer epithelium. J Invest Dermatol; 120: 379-389).
- a thirteenth aspect of the present invention relates to a composition (composition of the invention) comprising lipid nanoparticles according to the first, second and fifth aspects of the present invention and lipid nanoparticles comprising at least one solid lipid at room temperature, at least one non-ionic surfactant and the LL37 peptide.
- the composition comprises NLC loaded with EGF and NLC loaded with LL37.
- the composition comprises SLNs loaded with EGF and SLNs loaded. with LL37.
- the ratio of lipid nanoparticles loaded with growth factor, preferably loaded with EGF, and lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL37 is between 1: 17 and 1: 34.
- the composition comprises 15 ng / ml of lipid nanoparticles loaded with EGF and 0.25 to 5 ⁇ g / ml lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL37.
- a twelfth aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising the composition according to the eleventh aspect of the invention as described in the last paragraph and a pharmaceutical vehicle.
- the pharmaceutical composition is administered topically.
- the pharmaceutical composition also comprises collagen, hyaluronic acid, aloe vera, fibrin, carbopol® polymer and cellulose derivatives.
- a thirteenth aspect of the present invention relates to the pharmaceutical composition of the twelfth aspect, for use as a medicament.
- a fourteenth aspect of the present invention refers to the pharmaceutical composition defined in the twelfth aspect, for use to promote healing in a subject.
- a fifteenth aspect of the present invention relates to a lipid nanoparticle comprising at least one solid lipid at room temperature, at least one non-ionic surfactant and the LL37 peptide.
- the particular embodiments described in the first aspect of the present invention are applicable to the lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL37 of the fifteenth aspect, substituting the growth factor or the EGF for the LL37 peptide.
- a sixteenth aspect of the present invention relates to the lipid nanoparticle of the fifteenth aspect of the present invention which further comprises a liquid lipid at room temperature.
- the particular embodiments described in the second aspect of the present invention are applicable to lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL37 of the sixteenth aspect, substituting the growth factor or EGF for the LL37 peptide.
- a seventeenth aspect of the present invention relates to a method (method 3 hereafter) for the preparation of lipid nanoparticles according to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, characterized by the same steps as the method 1 described in the third aspect of the present invention, but where the LL37 peptide is added to the lipophilic solution (ii), instead of the growth factor.
- the particular embodiments described for method 1 described in the third aspect of the present invention are applicable to method 3, substituting the growth factor or EGF for the LL37 peptide.
- An eighteenth aspect of the present invention relates to a method (method 3
- lipid nanoparticles according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, characterized by the same steps as the method 2 described in the fourth aspect of the present invention, but where the LL37 peptide is added to the lipophilic solution (ii), instead of the growth factor.
- a nineteenth aspect of the present invention relates to lipophilic nanoparticles obtainable by method 3 and to lipophilic nanoparticles obtainable by method 4, described in seventeenth and eighteenth aspects, respectively.
- this peptide can be synthesized using an automatic peptide synthesizer and by standard peptide synthesis methods. In addition, it can be obtained commercially, for example from Sigma-Aldrich.
- LL37 has the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO 1
- lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL37 of the present invention release the charged LL37 in a sustained manner.
- the lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL37 have a release profile characterized by an initial release (bursf release) associated with the percentage of the peptide associated with the surface, followed by a rapid release phase from 4 hours to 24 hours and finally, described a slower phase of 24 hours to 72 hours until the total amount of EGF is released (Table 4, Example 2).
- the inventors found that lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL37 show an unexpected greater proliferation of fibroblasts in vitro than free LL37 (Example 3, section 3.3, Figure 6).
- a twentieth aspect of the present invention relates to the lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL37 of the fifteenth, sixteenth and nineteenth aspects of the present invention, for use as a medicament.
- a twenty-first aspect of the present invention relates to the lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL37 of the fifteenth, sixteenth and nineteenth aspects of the present invention, for use to promote wound healing.
- a twenty-second aspect of the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising the lipid nanoparticles loaded with LL37 of the fifteenth, sixteenth and nineteenth aspects of the present invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the pharmaceutical composition is administered topically.
- the pharmaceutical composition also comprises collagen, hyaluronic acid, aloe vera, fibrin, carbopol® polymer and cellulose derivatives.
- the present invention also relates, in a twenty-third aspect, to the pharmaceutical composition of the twenty-second aspect, for use as a medicament.
- a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention relates to pharmaceutical composition of the twenty-second aspect, for use to promote wound healing.
- a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention refers to a kit comprising any one of the nanoparticles described in the first, second, fifth, fifteenth, sixteenth and nineteenth aspects of the invention, or mixtures thereof. It also refers to a kit comprising a pharmaceutical composition according to any one of the pharmaceutical compositions described in the sixth, twelfth and twenty-second aspects of the invention.
- SLN and NLC were prepared using the emulsification-ultrasonication-based method (Muller et a / 2002; Che et al. 2010 (Effects of lipophilic emulsifiers on the oral administration of lovastatin from nanostructured lipid carriers: Physicochemical characterization and pharmacokinetics. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 74, 474-482)).
- SLNs were then collected by centrifugation at 2500 rpm for 10 minutes using a 100 kDa pore size centrifugal filter (Amicon ® Ultra, Millipore, Spain), and washed three times with milliQ water. Finally, trehalose was added as a cryoprotectant in a 15% aqueous solution with respect to Precirol ® ATO 5.
- SLNs loaded with LL37 and NLCs loaded with LL37 were prepared as described for SLNs loaded with rhEGF and NLC loaded with rhEGF, respectively, but using synthetic LL37 (Sigma-Aldrich 94261) or recombinant, instead of rhEGF.
- the average size (z-media) and the polydispersion index (Pl) were measured by photonic correlation spectroscopy. Each test was performed in triplicate before and after the nanoparticles were lyophilized.
- the zeta potential ( ⁇ ) was determined by Doppler velocimetry (LDV). All measurements described above were evaluated using the Malvern® Zetasizer 3000 (Malvern Instruments, Worcestershire, UK). The appearance of the surface and its morphology was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM;
- Jeol® JSM-35 CF Jeol® JSM-35 CF
- TEM transmission electron microscopy
- EE encapsulation efficiency
- the amount of free rhEGF and free LL37 was estimated using a commercial sandwich immunoenzymatic assay kit for human EGF (human EGF ELISA development kit, Peprotech) and for human LL-37 (human LL-37 ELISA development kit, Hycult biotech), following the instructions of the supplier.
- the release study was carried out by incubating for 3 days, 32 mg and 23 mg of SLN or NLC (corresponding to -200 ⁇ g of rhEGF or LL37) in 2 ml of 0.02 M phosphate buffered saline (PBS). At the selected intervals, the release medium was removed by filtration / centrifugation and replaced by the same amount of PBS. The amount of rhEGF and LL37 was analyzed by ELISA using the protocol described in section 2.2.
- a 24-well plate was used for the proliferation study. 35,000 Balb / C 3T3 fibroblasts resuspended in 1 ml of complete culture medium (DMEM supplemented with 10% FCS) were grown in each well. After 8 hours of incubation, the medium was replaced with 1 ml of DMEM supplemented with 0.2% FCS (fetal calf serum) and the cells were incubated overnight.
- DMEM complete culture medium
- FCS fetal calf serum
- the medium was then replaced by 1 ml of: (i) DMEM supplemented with 0.2% FCS, (ii) 15 ng / ml free rhEGF in DMEM supplemented with 0.2% FCS, (iii) empty SLN in DMEM supplemented with 0.2 % of FCS, (iv) 15 ng / ml of SLN loaded with rhEGF (rhEGF-SLN) in DMEM supplemented with 0.2% of FCS, (v) empty NLC in DMEM supplemented with 0.2% of FCS and (vi) 15 ng / ml of NLC loaded with rhEGF (rhEGF-NLC) in DMEM supplemented with 0.2% FCS.
- the cells were grown in the same conditions for 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours. The experiments were carried out in triplicate. After the different incubation times, 100 ⁇ of CCK-8 (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louise, USA) was added to each well (Zhou, Y., Qian, M., Liang, Y., Liu, Y., Yang, X., Jiang, T., Wang, Y., 201 1. Effects of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor on Proliferation and Odontoblastic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Cells. J. Endod; 37: 819-824). After 4 hours of incubation, absorbance at 450 nm and 650 nm was measured as reference wavelength. The absorbance was directly proportional to the number of living cells in the medium.
- FIG. 1 shows a greater proliferation in the rhEFG-treated groups (rhEGF-NLC, rhEGF-SLN and free rhEGF) than in the control groups, after 48 hours and 72 hours.
- rhEGF encapsulated in lipid nanopoarticles both SLN and NLC
- 50,000 Balb / C 3T3 fibroblasts and 100,000 HaCaT keratinocytes were cultured separately on coverslips in complete culture medium for 24 hours. The medium was then replaced by 1 ml of study medium.
- the groups studied were the following: (i) 25 ⁇ g of SLN-NileRed in complete DMEM and (ii) 25 ⁇ g of NLC-NileRed in complete DMEM. After 1 hour of incubation the cells were washed and fixed. Subsequently, the nuclei were stained with DAPI (500 ng / ml) and the coverslips were mounted on the slides for examination in a fluorescence microscope.
- DAPI 500 ng / ml
- the skin was maintained for 24 hours at 32 ° C. Then, the skin was washed with PBS, dried and cut into vertical sections (bottom to top) 20 ⁇ thick using a Frigocut 2800 N cryotome, Leica, Bensheim, Germany). The sections were stored at -20 ° C and analyzed after 24 hours, subjecting them to normal and fluorescent light.
- NileRed and NLC-NileRed increases four times in the stratum corneum (4.74 and 4.62 respectively) and about twice in the epidermis (2.09 and 2.03 respectively). A minor, although still significant increase in penetration was also observed in the dermis (1.29 and 1.32 respectively).
- ABU and PEE values greater than 1 demonstrate an improvement in the penetration capacity of SLNs and NLCs compared to paraffin cream.
- the results reflect the ability of these nanoparticles to release Red Nile in the skin and therefore rhEGF and LL37.
- the experiment was carried out as described in section 3.1.
- the synergistic effect of LL37 and rhEGF was evaluated in Balb / C fibroblasts and HaCat keratinocytes.
- a 24-well plate was used for the proliferation study.
- 35,000 Balb / C 3T3 fibroblasts resuspended in 1 ml of complete culture medium (DMEM supplemented with 10% FCS) were seeded. After 8 hours of incubation, the medium was replaced with 1 ml of DMEM supplemented with 0.2% FCS and the cells were incubated overnight.
- the medium was replaced by 1 ml of: (i) DMEM supplemented with 0.2% FCS, (ii) 15 ng / ml of free rhEGF, (iii) 5, 0.5 and 0.25 g / ml of LL37, (iv) 15 ng / ml of rhEGF and 5, 0.5 and
- EXAMPLE 5 In vivo healing with SLN loaded with rhEGF and NLC loaded with rhEGF The in vivo healing efficacy of SLNs loaded with rhEGF and NLC loaded with EGF with two different rhEGF formulations has been evaluated: (i) 75 ⁇ g of lyophilized rhEGF (similar to that commercialized Heberprot ® ) and (ii) 75 ⁇ g and rhEGF 1% encapsulated (w / w) in polymer microspheres (rhEGF-MS 75 ⁇ g) prepared in our laboratory with a combination of alginate and polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) using the double emulsion method as described in the application European patent EP12382476.
- PLGA polylactic-co-glycolic acid
- acetone (3: 1) containing 5% (w / v) of PLGA (Resomer RG503) is emulsified by sonication for 15 seconds at 50 W with 0.2 ml of an aqueous internal phase ( in milliQ water) containing 0.05% (w / v) rhEGF, 2.5% mg (w / v) of Human Serum Albumin (HSA), 0.25% (w / v) of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) and 2.5% (w / v) MVG sodium alginate (Pronova UP, NovaMatrix FMC BioPolymer, Sandvika, Norway).
- the resulting emulsion (w ⁇ o) is added to 15 ml of an aqueous solution containing 5% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and 5% NaCI and emulsified by a paddle shaker for 60 seconds to obtain the double emulsion (W / o / w 2 ). Finally, 400 ml of a 5% NaCl aqueous solution and 0.6 mM calcium chloride are added and mixed for 30 minutes. The microspheres are collected by filtration and lyophilized.
- db / db mice Eighty 8-week-old male db / db mice were used. Genetically diabetic db / db mice (BKS.Cg-m + / + Lepr db / J) were obtained from Javier Laboratories (Saint Berthevin Cedex). All procedures were carried out according to the protocols approved by the Institutional Committee for the Use and Care of Animals of the University of the Basque Country.
- the animals were divided into the following 10 groups: (i) untreated control, (ii) 75 ⁇ g of free rhEGF, (iii) empty MS, (iv) empty SLN, (v) empty NLC, (vi) rhEGF-MS 75 ⁇ g, (vii) rhEGF-SLN 10 ⁇ , (viii) rhEGF-SLN 20 ⁇ g (ix) rhEGF-NLC 10 ⁇ g and (x) rhEGF- NLC 20 ⁇ g.
- the previously resuspended nanoparticles in 20 ⁇ of vehicle (0.9% saline buffer and 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose) were administered topically twice a week with a micropipette and allowing them to spread throughout the wound bed.
- the free rhEGF resuspended in 0.5 ml of vehicle was administered twice a week by intralesional administration, introducing the needle into the wound.
- the wound closure is expressed as a percentage of the area of the original wound.
- 1 acute inflammation (fibrin and pyogenic membrane clot formation, migration of leukocytes and polynucleated neutrophils), 2: predominance of diffuse acute inflammation (predominance of granulation tissue and pyogenic membrane, vascular neogenesis), 3: predominance of chronic inflammation ( fibroblast proliferation), 4: resolution and scarring (reduction or disappearance of water inflammation although occasionally rounded cells may persist).
- rhEGF-SLN 20 ⁇ g showed a better resolution (higher than rhEGF-SLN 10 ⁇ g). Histopathological analysis also indicated that diffuse acute inflammatory status prevailed in wounds treated with rhEGF, with an inflammation score of 2.13 ⁇ 0.64 (significantly higher than its control groups). These differences did not reach statistical significance with any of the lipid nanospheres (neither rhEGF-SLN nor rhEGF-NLC).
- rhEGF-MS 75 2.13 ⁇ 0.64 2.86 ⁇ 0.90 rhEGF-SLN 10 1, 63 ⁇ 1, 51 3.50 ⁇ 0.93 rhEGF-SLN 20 3.67 ⁇ 1, 15 3.38 ⁇ 0.52 rhEGF-NLC 10 1, 88 ⁇ 1, 21 3.13 ⁇ 0.35 rhEGF-NLC 20 ⁇ 2.75 ⁇ 0.46 *, 3.00 ⁇ 0.00
- the animals were sedated by intramuscular administration of 15 mg / kg of ketamine and 0.2 mg / kg of diazepam. Subsequently, they were induced anesthesia by administering propofol (3 mg / kg), to allow tracheal intubation. Immediately after, the animals were connected to an anesthetic machine through a semi-closed circular circuit attached to a ventilator, providing as a sevofluoran anesthetic agent at a concentration of 2.7% in an oxygen flow of 1 L / minute. As analgesia, remifentanil was given by continuous intravenous infusion at a rate of 0.1 ⁇ g / kg / minute during surgery.
- Each animal was made 6 ulcers (6 cm x 5 cm) leaving 1.5-2.0 cm minimum between ulcers, after tattooing the edge of the ulcers using a mold to have permanent reference of the initial area of the wounds. Ulcers were created with monopolar diathermy in coagulation mode to obtain ischemic edges, 2 mm deep, leaving the adipose panicle. Postoperative analgesia was administered by transdermal fentanyl patches and systemic antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin / clavulanic acid (20 mg / kg) for one week.
- Healing kinetics was determined by measuring the wound closure (initial percentage of the wound closed) on days 1, 15, 25, 36 and 43.
- the area of the wound was determined, in a standardized manner, by taking perpendicular photos on the surface of the wound, using the same lighting and placing a sterile plastic ruler next to the wounds in order to introduce a metric reference in the images that allow further processing.
- the wound area was calculated using ImageJ software (see section 5.3). The wounds were considered healed when they had a closure greater than 95%. 6.6.- Histological evaluation of healing
- Plasma samples were collected from animals treated with rhEGF-NLC and free rhEGF to assess the absorption of rhEGF into systemic circulation when rhEGF was expected to be higher in plasma, since the systemic use of rhEGF has been limited due to The worry of abnormal epithelial growth.
- the days of plasma sampling were selected based on the half-life of the EGF, the route of administration and the delayed release of the growth factor encapsulated in the rhEGF-NLC.
- the plasma sample was made on day 1 of the experiment, 4 hours and 24 hours after administration. of rhEGF-NLC, rather than 30 minutes after administration, as was carried out in animals treated with free rhEGF. Due to the marked similarities between humans and pigs, similar concentrations of plasma rhEGF were expected.
- Plasma rhEGF concentration (ng / ml)
- the improvement in healing was evaluated by calculating the number of wounds closed in each experimental group on days 15, 25, 36 and 43. The greatest differences between the groups were found 25 days after the experiment. As can be seen in Figure 8, at 15 days none of the wounds had completely closed. At 25 days the percentage of closed wounds was significantly higher in the rhEGF-NLC treated group than in the empty NLC treated group. In addition, it is important to note that rhEGF-NLC treatment showed a slightly greater effectiveness compared to free rhEGF (50% and 40% respectively).
- wounds treated with rhEGF-NLC received 2 weekly topical administrations of 20 ⁇ g of rhEGF, while those wounds treated with free rhEGF received higher doses ( 75 ⁇ g twice a week) administered intralesionally.
- wounds treated with rhEGF both with rhEGF-NLC and free rhEGF were completely closed and wounds treated with empty NLC reached a healing rate of 90%.
- all wounds had completely closed.
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CN201480048700.6A CN105611916A (zh) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-07-03 | 用于愈合伤口的脂质纳米颗粒 |
BR112016000092A BR112016000092A2 (pt) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-07-03 | nanopartículas lipídicas para a cicatrização de feridas |
EP14761385.5A EP3023105B1 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2014-07-03 | Lipid nanoparticles for healing wounds |
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US10206886B2 (en) | 2013-07-04 | 2019-02-19 | Praxis Biopharma Research Institute | Lipid nanoparticles for wound healing |
WO2022101921A1 (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-05-19 | Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research University | Topical nanolipidic gel formulation for diabetic foot ulcer |
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US20200268679A1 (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2020-08-27 | The Trustees Of Princeton University | Hydrophobic ion pairing and flash nanoprecipitation for formation of controlled-release nanocarrier formulations |
RU2018114533A (ru) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-21 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Научно-Исследовательская Компания "Медбиофарм" | Композиция на основе твердых липидных частиц, обладающая свойством направленной доставки для лечения вирусных заболеваний (варианты) |
CN111743799B (zh) * | 2020-07-07 | 2023-01-10 | 台湾美联生物科技有限公司 | 纳米级固态脂质载体及制备方法和包含其的化妆品 |
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