WO2014209240A1

WO2014209240A1 - Multi-stage hydraulic power plant with compressor

Info

Publication number: WO2014209240A1
Application number: PCT/SI2014/000037
Authority: WO
Inventors: Silvano Bizjak
Original assignee: Silvano Bizjak
Priority date: 2013-06-28
Filing date: 2014-06-16
Publication date: 2014-12-31
Also published as: SI24404A; WO2014209240A4

Abstract

The invention solves the problem of an effective, environment-friendly generation of electricity, which is addressed by the multi-stage hydraulics that supports the pumping of fluid in a closed system. Being a closed system, the solution allows for using the same liquid or gas during the operation and is therefore independent of any on-going supply of natural energy sources. The multi-stage hydraulics resolves the problem of minimal energy consumption for the system operation, i.e. its optimal utilisation rate. The multi-stage hydraulics is designed so that the smaller hydraulic system through a lever pushes the hydraulic cylinder in the larger hydraulic system. Basically, the multi-stage hydraulic power plant with a compressor consists of a tank (A), the lower hydraulic compressor station (B), the installation channel (C), the moving element (D), the upper compressor station with the winding system (E), the control room (F), the additional fluid tanks (G, H, I), and the pumping station (J). Given the medium used in the tank (A), the multi-stage hydraulic power plant with compressor can be executed in two variants: either using a fluid and a gas, or using two gases of two different densities.

Description

MULTI-STAGE HYDRAULIC POWER PLANT WITH COMPRESSOR

The subject matter of the invention is a Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant with Compressor that can be positioned on any location on the earth or in the space with an adequate gravitation force and temperature at which a fluid and gas in a closed system have a permanent existence. A multistage hydraulic power plant with compressor is not dependent on natural energy sources, such as coal, oil, gas, flowing water, wind, sunshine, uranium etc., therefore it can generate electrical power anywhere and anytime, 24 hours a day, all days in a year. The gas and fluid used in a hydraulic-compressor power plant (PP) remain in a closed system, so the same gas and the same fluid can be applied over the entire life cycle of the PP. Accordingly, the operation of a multi-stage hydraulic-compressor PP does not pollute the environment. It can be designed as a (multi-storey) tower construction that is partly or completely embedded in the ground (earth) or under the water, e.g. on the bed of the sea or of a lake.

The invention addresses and resolves the problem of efficient and environmentally-friendly power generation. The existing hydroelectric power plants, thermal PP and nuclear PP represent a great intrusion in natural environment and also source of pollution. Gas PPs depend on the vicinity of sources of natural gas. Wind PPs are dependent on wind. Solar PPs depend on sunshine periods: they can only generate electricity during the daylight hours. Tide plants (PP using the wave motion or the tide of the sea) can only be positioned on suitable locations in the sea. The technical problem of invention is resolved by multi-stage hydraulics that supports the pumping of fluid in a closed system. Being a closed system, the solution allows for using the same^ liquid or gas during the operation and is therefore independent of any on-going supply of natural energy sources.

The multi-stage hydraulics resolves the problem of minimal energy consumption for the system operation, i.e. its optimal utilisation rate. The multi-stage hydraulics is designed so that the smaller hydraulic system through a lever pushes the hydraulic cylinder in the larger hydraulic system.

The principle of using the buoyancy and gravitational force to obtain electrical energy has already been known and is e.g. proposed in the patent applications or patents SI 22556, SI 22815, SI 22762, US 2009/0293471 , US 5944480, US 4718232, SI 20651 , US201 1/0162356, US 2006/0064975 and in the article on generating energy through buoyancy, published at the International Conference on Technology and Business Management, 2013. The weakness of some a.m. solutions is that they are feasible only in theory and do not work in practice: the inventor forgot to consider certain factors, such as friction, in some other cases the PP or the engine uses more energy than its output yields. Moreover, the invention under the respective patent has certain advantages over the state of technics known today. During the functioning of a multi-stage hydraulic power plant with compressor, several power generators are operating simultaneously which allows producing more electricity. It is a closed-type facility and can be installed anywhere, also in the vicinity of big energy consumers, which reduces the required length of power transmission cables. Another advantage of the multi-stage hydraulic system is that it requires a low energy consumption for power plant operation. It uses also the heat of generators for heating the sanitary water and residential facilities. None of the a.m. solutions uses the pinion's principle and none envisions the use of a lighter gas - which allows for a stronger buoyancy force.

An implementation specimen of the invention will be shown on the figures presenting:

Figure 1 - Vertical section of the hydraulic-compressor PP (Section 1-1)

Figure 2 - Horizontal section of the hydraulic-compressor PP (Section 2-2)

Figure 3 - Vertical section of moving element D in uppermost position (Section 3-3)

Figure 4 - Vertical section of moving element D in lowermost position (Section 3-3)

Figure 5 - Vertical section of pinion D3 with integrated generator (Section 4-4)

Figure 6 - Vertical section of piston cylinder B3 with piston B4

Figures 2, 3 and 6 are drawn in a scale 4x bigger than Figure 1.

Figures 4 and 5 are drawn in a scale 3x bigger than Figure 1.

Structure of Hydraulic-Compressor Power Plant:

Element A - Fluid Tank - Figure 1

Al - Fluid - Fig. 1 , 2, 3, 4

A2 - Elevator - control, operation and maintenance - Figure 1 A3 - Fluid flow flap - Figure 1

A4 - Heat pump - for heating the fluid when used at low temperatures - Fig.1

A5 - (Heat) exchanger - for heating the fluid - when used at low temperatures - Fig.1 and 2 A6 - Connection of a gas pipe from compressor station for filling the moving element D - Fig. 1 and 4

A7 - Connection of a fluid pipe for emptying the moving element D - Fig. 1 and 4

A8 - Connection of pipe for emptying the gas from moving element D - Fig. 1 and 3

Element B - lower hydraulic compressor station - Fig. 1

B 1 - Gas Tank - Figures 1 and 4

B2 - Hydraulic system - Fig.1 and 4

B3 - Piston cylinder - Fig. l and 4

B4 - Piston of piston cylinder B3 - Fig. l and 4

B5 - additional generator with folding blades - Fig. 1 and 4

B6 - Accumulators - FigUre 1

B7 - Compressor - Figure 1

B8 - Built-in lever - Figure 6

B9 - Smaller hydraulic system - Figure 6

Element C - Installation channel - Figure 1

CI - Rack - Fig. 1

C2 - Rail (for implementation variant II, to be explained below) - Fig. 2

Element D - Moving element - Figure 1

Dl - Ballast tanks - Fig. 3 and 4

D2 - Suspension - (for implementation variant II, to be explained below) - Fig. 2

D3 - Pinion - Fig. 2 and 4

D4 - Hydraulic blockade - Fig. 5

D5 - Hydraulics of seal for connection between ballast tanks Dl and gas tank Bl - Fig. 4

D6 - Hydraulics of seal for connection between ballast tanks D l and hydraulic system B2 - Fig.

4

D7 - Fluid flow valve on the pipe of the ballast tank Dl - Fig. 2, 3, 4 D8 - Gas flow valve on the pipe of the gas tank B l - Fig. 4

D9 - Gas flow valve on the pipe of the ballast tank Dl - Fig. 3, 4

D10 - Additional generator of regenerative braking - Fig. 5

D l 1 Accumulators of moving element D - Figure 5

D 12 - hydraulic system of moving element D - Fig. 3, 4, 5

D 13 - Hydraulics of seal for connection between ballast tanks D l and compressor E - Fig. 3 D14 - Gas flow valve on the pipe of compressor E - Fig. 3

D15 - Floating ball - Fig. 3, 4, 5

D16 - Gas piping system of ballast tanks D l of moving element D - Fig. 3, 4, 5

D17 - Generator integrated in the pinion D3 - Fig. 1

D 18 - Gas - Fig. 3, 4, 5

D 19 - Teflon glazing - Fig. 4 and 5

D20 - Brake lining - Fig. 5

D21 - Braking gear - Fig. 5

Element E - upper compressor station, space for winding system - Fig. 1

El - Electricity transmission cable and communication cable - Fig. 1

E2 - Winding system - Fig.1

E3 - Compressor - Figure 1

E4 - Heat pump - for cooling the fluid - generators - Fig.1

E5 - Heat exchanger - for cooling the fluid - utilizing the heat - Fig.1

E6 - Expansion vessel - Fig. 1

Element F - Control room for supervision and operation - Figure 1

F l - Transformer station - Fig. 1

F2 - Accumulators - Figure 1

Element G - Additional Fluid Tank - maintenance - Figure 1

Gl - Fluid flow flap - Figure 1

Element H - Additional Fluid Tank - maintenance - Figure 1

HI - Fluid flow flap - Figure 1 Element I - Additional Fluid Tank - maintenance - Figure 1

11 - Suction basket for fluid pumping - maintenance - Figure I

12 - Pipe for fluid pumping - maintenance - Figure 1

12 - Valve for redirecting the fluid flow at pumping - maintenance - Figure 1

Element J - Space for pump for pumping the fluid - maintenance - Figure 1

Jl - Pump for fluid pumping - maintenance - Figure 1

The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant with Compressor comprises: Element A, lower hydraulic compressor station B, installation channel C, moving element D, upper compressor station with winding system E, control room F, additional fluid tank G, additional fluid tank H, additional fluid tank I, and pumping station J.

The Element A is a high hollow building with the element C in central position. The Element C is built as a hollow column with evenly distributed racks CI along external rim. The racks can include 2 or more pieces and reach from the top to the ground of the Element C. The pinion D3 with the built-in generator D 17 is clamped onto each rack. The Generator D 17 can also be installed (in variant II) separately from the pinion D3 and is connected to it via coupling of the rotational speed regulator. The pinions D3 are - on bearings - affixed to the supporting axle to which also ballast tanks D l are affixed. The pinions D3 with built-in generator D 17, together with ballast tanks D l , form the moving element D.

Given the medium used in the element A, the multi-stage hydraulic power plant with compressor can be executed in two variants:

Variant I:

Using any appropriate fluid with a specific density p i (priority water) in the element A and any appropriate gas with a specific density p2 (priority helium) in the ballast tanks D I of the moving element D. Where pi » p2. The electricity transmission is conveyed by cables E l which are simultaneously winding and unwinding during the movement of moving element D, therefore electricity-conductive fluids can also be used in the element A. Variant II:

Using an adequate gas of specific density p3 (priority air) in the element A and by an adequate gas of specific density p2 (priority helium) in inflatable balloons of the moving element D. Where p3» p2. Electricity transmission is conveyed through spring metal wheels D2, rolling on rails C2. The element A can also be executed as an open system.

The multi-stage hydraulic PP with compressor utilizes gravitation, buoyancy force on the ballast tanks D l and the torque as a cross-product of force and lever-arm of the pinion D3 and the length of the travel performed by the moving element D.

The efficiency of electricity generation depends on the length of travel made by the moving element D, on the size of generator D 17 and on the difference in density of the fluid used in the element A and of the gas used in moving element D (variant I), or on the difference in density of the gas 1 in element A and of the gas 2 in the moving element D (variant II), respectively.

In variant I, the hollow part of element A is filled with the liquid A l , and the moving element D has got the ballast tanks D l appropriately executed. When the moving element D is in the lower end position, which is shown in Fig. 4, it is blocked by a hydraulic blockade D4 that is shown in Fig. 5.

Through switches, the automatics activates the hydraulics D5, which seals the connection between the ballast tanks D 1 and the gas tank B 1 , and simultaneously activates the hydraulics D6 that seals the connection between the ballast tanks D 1 and the hydraulic system B2. In the follow-up the automatics opens, through hydraulics, the valves D7 and D8 and activates the hydraulic system B2 to pull the piston B4 to initial position which allows the fluid to pass from the ballast tanks D l to piston cylinder B3 by free fall, pulling the gas from gas tank B 1 . The gas is under pressure, which additionally accelerates the fluid emptying (process) from the ballast tanks D l . The outflow of fluid drives the additional generator with folding blades B5 which fills up the accumulators B6 or, if these are full already, it provides through the compressor B7 for an optimal pressure in the gas tank Bl, or provides through the hydraulic system B2 for the optimal pressure in the hydraulic system and stores the energy for later use, as the case may be. When all the fluid has drained, the automatics close the valves D7 and D8, releases the seal D5 and D6 and the hydraulic blockade D4. The ballast tanks full of gas D l are exposed to buoyancy force which causes the rotation of pinions D3 and the movement of the moving element D towards the top of element A. The rotation of pinions D3 causes the rotation of generators D17 and generation of electricity. Electricity transmission is conveyed by cables El , through the coiling system E2 and transformer station Fl to the power network.

While the moving element D is moving towards the top of element A, the automatics starts the hydraulic system B2 in the lower hydraulic-compressor station B, which pushes the piston B4 of the piston cylinder B3 to the upper position and thus returns the fluid from the piston cylinder back to the element A.

While the fluid is flowing from the piston cylinder B3 to the element A, the generator B5 does not activate because its folding blades are folded in that direction of the flow, as shown in Figure 6.

In case of high pressures when the fluid Al is used in the element A, we use the multi-stage hydraulic system with the lever and thus reduce the consumption of energy for fluid return to the element A - Figure 6.

The multi-stage hydraulics is constructed so that a smaller hydraulic system B9 pushes the Lever B8 on the larger hydraulic system. The hydraulic system B2 builds up the pressure that pushes the piston B4 of the piston cylinder B3, which presses the fluid Al back to the element A.

At an adequate distance between the upper end position of the moving element D, the automatics triggers regenerative braking of moving element D by the generators for regenerative braking D10.

The latter generate additional electricity and charge the accumulators Dl 1, or of these are full already, the automatics provides through the hydraulic system D 12 for the optimal pressure in the hydraulic system and stores the energy for later use, respectively. When the moving element D has reached the upper end position, the automatics blocks the moving element D by a hydraulic blockade D4. Then the automatics trigger the hydraulics D13 to seal the connection between ballast tanks Dl and the pipe of upper compressor E3. Now, the automatics opens the hydraulic valves D14, D9 and D7, thus allowing for free flow of fluid to the interior of ballast tanks Dl of moving element D. The compressor E3 sucks the gas from ballast tanks D l, which accelerates the filling (process) of ballast tanks Dl of the moving element D with the fluid. When the ballast tank is full, the floating ball D15 closes the passage and prevents the fluid from entering the gas pipe system D16, which triggers the closure of valves D14, D9, D7, the release of hydraulic seal of connection D13 between the ballast tanks D l and the pipe of upper compressor E3, and the release of hydraulic blockade D4. The gravitation force upon the moving element D with full ballast tanks of fluid causes a rotation of pinions D3 and the rotation of generators D17, thus generating the electricity during the free fall of the moving element D. At an adequate distance between the lower end position of the moving element D, the automatics triggers the regenerative braking of moving element D by the generators D10.

When the moving element D has reached the lower end position, the automatics blocks the moving element D by the hydraulics D4.

The generators D10 produce the regenerative braking and allow for the regulation of rotation speed of pinions D3 - generators D17, and thereby a controlled generation of electricity. The hydraulic blockade D4 blocks the moving element D in the lower- and uppermost positions and also allows for an emergency blockade. The communication between the control room F and the generators for braking D 10 and the hydraulic blockade D4 is conveyed by the communication cable El , which winds and unwinds along with the power transmission cable El through the winding system E2.

Ballast tanks Dl can be made of metal or other materials resistant to high pressures. The interior of ballast tanks may be coated by Teflon glazing. For coping with high pressures, the section of element A is round. If the system of element A is hermetically closed, the expansion vessel E6 which allows dilatation to the fluid Al , is integrated in the upper part of the element A. The heat pump E4 cools through the heat exchanger E5 the fluid A l in the element A, which is heated by the generators D 17. The heat pump A4 heats the fluid Al in case of very low temperatures upon starting of the power station. In case of maintenance works, the fluid A l flows out from the element A into the additional fluid tank I through the flap A3.

The elevator A2 provides access to the element J - the space accommodating the pump Jl for pumping the fluid from the additional fluid tank I into additional fluid tanks G and H through the pipes for pumping the fluid 12.

The pump J l is pumping the fluid from the suction basket 1 1 through the pipe 12 and the valve for re-routing the fluid flow 13 into the additional fluid tanks G and H.

After the maintenance work in the element A is completed, the fluid Al is re-filled into the element A, first from the additional tank H through the flow flap HI and then from the additional tank G through the flap Gl .

In variant II using two gases of different specific densities ( p3 > p2), the transmission of electricity is conveyed through spring metal wheels D2, rolling on rails C2. The operating procedure is the same as in variant I, only that the ballast tanks are replaced by the balloons and the hydraulic interconnection valves D9, D8, D7, D14 are replaced by quick locking clamps. In this variant, the elements C, H, I and J and their components are not necessary.

In case of need for continuous supply of electricity, two power plants may be installed: when the moving element D of one plant is idle, the moving element D of the other plant is moving.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant with Compressor,

characterized by the fact

that it consists of the fluid tank (A), the lower hydraulic compressor station (B), the installation channel (C), the moving element (D), the upper compressor station with winding system (E), the control room (F), the additional fluid tanks (G, H, I), and the pumping station (J).

2. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant under claim 1,

characterized by the fact

that the fluid tank (A) is a high hollow building with an installation channel (C) in the middle, which is constructed as a hollow column with evenly distributed racks (C I ) along the external rim, comprising two or more laths reaching from top to the ground of the installation channel (C), each rack (C I) accommodating a pinion (D3) with a built-in generator (D 17).

3. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant under claim 2,

characterized by the fact

that the Generator (D 17) can also be installed separated from the pinion (D3) and is connected thereto via coupling of the rotational speed regulator.

4. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant under claims 1 and 2,

characterized by the fact

that the moving element (D) consists of pinions (D3) with a built-in generator (D 17) and of ballast tanks (D l), both of which are affixed to the carrying axle.

5. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant under claims 1 , 2 and 4,

characterized by the fact

that two variants of execution and operation are possible: either using a fluid and a gas, or using two gases of two different densities.

6. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant under claim 5,

characterized by the fact that its operation using a fluid and a gas is determined by any adequate fluid of the specific density pi, priority is given to water, in the fluid tank (A), and by any adequate gas of the specific density p2, priority is given to helium, in the ballast tanks (Dl) of moving element (D), where pi is bigger than p2; electricity transmission is conducted by cables (El), which are simultaneously unwound and wound in the course of motion of moving element (D), therefore electricity-conductive fluids may be used in the fluid tank (A).

7. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant under claim 5,

characterized by the fact

that its operation using two gases is determined by the use of an appropriate gas of specific density p3, priority is given to air, in the fluid tank (A), and an appropriate gas of specific density p2: priority is given to helium, in inflatable balloons of the moving element (D), where p3 is bigger than p2 and the transmission of electricity is conducted through spring metal wheels (D2), rolling on rails (C2).

8. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant under claims 1 , 2, 4 and 5,

characterized by the fact

that it utilizes gravitation, buoyancy force on the ballast tanks (D l) and the torque as a product of force and lever of the pinion (D3) and the length of the way covered by the moving element (D), where the utilization of electricity generation depends on the length of way made by the moving element (D), on the size of generator (D 17) and on the difference in density of the fluid used in the element (A) and of the gas used in moving element (D) in variant I, or on the difference in density of the gas used in the element (A) and of the gas used in the moving element D in the variant II, respectively.

9. Operating procedure of a Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant with Compressor,

characterized by the fact

that it differs to a certain extent depending on the variant of operation - whether using a fluid and a gas, or using two gases of two different densities.

10. The operating procedure under claim 9,

characterized by the fact that in the variant using a fluid and a gas, the hollow part of the fluid tank (A) is filled with the fluid (Al) and the moving element (D) has properly designed ballast tanks (D l), and when the moving element (D) is lying in the lower end position (Figure 4), it is blocked by a hydraulic blockade (D4), the automatics activates by operation of switches the hydraulics (D5), which seals the connection between ballast tanks (Dl) and the gas tank (Bl) and con-currently activates the hydraulics (D6) to seal the connection between the ballast tanks (Dl) and the hydraulic system (B2), after which the automatics opens the valves (D7, D8) by hydraulics and activates the hydraulic system (B2) to pull the piston (B4) into the initial position, whereby the fluid passes from the ballast tanks (Dl) into the piston cylinder (B3) by free fall and pulls the gas from the gas tank (B l), where the gas is kept under pressure and as such additionally accelerates the emptying of fluid from the ballast tanks (Dl), and the fluid - while flowing out - drives the additional generator with folding blades (B5) that charges the accumulators (B6), or in case they are full already, through the compressor (B7) assures an optimal pressure in the gas tank (Bl), or provides through the hydraulic system (B2) for an op-timal pressure of the hydraulic system and stores the energy for a later use, as the case may be

1 1. The operating procedure under claim 10,

characterized by the fact

that after all the fluid has flown out from the tank (A), the automatics closes the valves (D7, D8), releases the seal (D5, D6) and hydraulic blockade (D4), and where the ballast tanks (Dl) filled with the gas are exposed to the buoyancy force which causes the rotation of pinions (D3) and the motion of the moving element (D) towards the top of the fluid tank (A), the rotation of pinions (D3) drives the generators to rotate (D17) and thereby generate electricity, to be transmitted by cables (El), through the winding system (E2) and transforming station (F l) into the power network.

12. The operating procedure under claims 10 and 1 1,

characterized by the fact

that while the moving element (D) is moving towards the top of the tank (A), the automatics starts the hydraulic system (B2) in the lower hydraulic-compressor station (B), which pushes the piston (B4) of the piston cylinder (B3) to the upper position and thus returns the fluid from the piston cylinder back to the tank (A), and during the flow of the fluid from the piston cylinder (B3) to the element (A) the generator (B5) is not activated because of its folding blades folded in that flow direction (Figure 6).

13. The operating procedure under claims 10 to 12,

characterized by the fact

that in case of high pressures when the fluid (Al ) is used in the tank (A), we use the multi-stage hydraulic system with a lever and so reduce the force/ energy to return the fluid into the tank (A), whereby the multi-stage hydraulics operates so that the smaller hydraulic system (B9) pushes the lever (B8) on the larger hydraulic system (B2), which builds up the pressure to push the piston (B4) of the piston cylinder (B3), which then pushes the fluid (Al) back to the tank A.

14. The operating procedure under claims 10 to 13,

characterized by the fact

that at an adequate distance between the upper end position of the moving element (D), the automatics triggers the regenerative braking of moving element (D) by the generators for regenerative braking (D10), which generate additional electricity and charge the accumulators (Dl 1), or of these are full already, the automatics provides through the hydraulic system (B2) for the optimal pressure in the hydraulic system and stores the energy for later use, respectively.

15. The operating procedure under claims 10 to 14,

characterized by the fact

that when the moving element (D) has reached the upper end position, the automatics blocks the moving element (D) by a hydraulic blockade (D4), triggers the hydraulics (D 13), seals the connections between the ballast tanks (D l) and the pipe of the upper compressor (E3), and in the follow-up the hydraulics opens the hydraulic valves (D14, D9, D7) and allows for free flow of fluid to the interior of ballast tanks (D l) of the moving element (D) when the compressor (E3) sucks the gas from ballast tanks (D l), which accelerates the filling of ballast tanks (D l) of the moving element (D) with the fluid.

16. The operating procedure under claim 15,

characterized by the fact

that when the ballast tank (A) is full, the floating ball (D 15) closes the passage of fluid into the gas piping system (D16), which activates the closing of valves (D14, D9, D7), the release of hydraulic seal of the connection (D13) between the ballast tanks (Dl) and the pipe of upper compressor (E3), and the release of hydraulic blockade (D4), after which the gravitation force upon the moving element (D) with ballast tanks full of fluid causes the pinions (D3) and the generators (D17) to rotate and to generate electricity during the free fall of the moving element (D); at an appropriate distance before the lower end position of the moving element (D) the automatics triggers the regenerative braking of the moving element (D) with generators (D10) and when the moving element (D) has reached the lower end position, the automatics blocks the moving element (D) by the hydraulics (D4).

17. The operating procedure under claims 10 to 16,

characterized by the fact _Λ

that the generators (D10) carry out the regenerative braking and enable the regulation of rotating speed of pinions (D3) and generators (D17), thereby providing for a controlled generation of electricity, while the hydraulic blockade (D4) blocks the moving element (D) in the lower and upper utmost position and allows for an emergency blockade, the communication between the control room (F), the generators of braking (D10) and the hydraulic blockade (D4) is conducted by a communication cable (El) that winds and unwinds together with the cable for electricity transmission (El) through the winding system (E2).

18. The operating procedure under claims 9 to 16,

characterized by the fact

that in case of the variant of operation using two gases of two different specific densities, the transmission of electricity is conducted through spring metal wheels (D2) that roll on rails (C2), where the operating procedure is the same as in the variant operation using a fluid and a gas, with the sole difference that balloons are used instead of ballast tanks (Dl) and quick locking clamps are used instead of the hydraulic interconnection valves (D9, D8, D7, D14), and for this variant are not needed any elements of tanks (C; H, I), pumping station (J) and any components thereof.

19. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant under claims 1 to 8,

characterized by the fact that the ballast tanks (Dl) are primarily made from metal or other materials resistant to high pressures, their interiors are coated by Teflon glazing, and the section of the tank (A) is round to cope with high pressures.

20. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant under claims 1 to 8 and 19

characterized by the fact

that if the tank system (A) is hermetically closed, it has an expansion vessel (E6) in the upper part to allow dilatation for the fluid (Al), the heat pump (E4) cools, through the heat exchanger (E5) the fluid (Al) in the tank (A) which is heated by generators (D 17), and the heat pump (A 4) heats the fluid (Al) if very low temperatures occur at the time of starting the power plant.

21. The Multi-Stage Hydraulic Power Plant under claims 1 to 8 and 19 and 20,

characterized by the fact

that the elevator (A2) provides access to the pumping station (J) - the space accommodating the pump (J l) for pumping the fluid from the additional fluid tank (I) into additional fluid tanks (G, H) through the pipes for pumping the fluid (12), whereby the pump (Jl) is pumping the fluid from the suction basket (1 1) through the pipe (12) and the valve for re-routing the fluid flow (13) into the additional fluid tanks (G, H).