WO2014201970A1 - 三维喷墨打印机 - Google Patents

三维喷墨打印机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014201970A1
WO2014201970A1 PCT/CN2014/079815 CN2014079815W WO2014201970A1 WO 2014201970 A1 WO2014201970 A1 WO 2014201970A1 CN 2014079815 W CN2014079815 W CN 2014079815W WO 2014201970 A1 WO2014201970 A1 WO 2014201970A1
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Prior art keywords
curing agent
agent
dimensional
molding
liquid
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PCT/CN2014/079815
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English (en)
French (fr)
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苏健强
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珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司
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Publication of WO2014201970A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014201970A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to rapid prototyping equipment, particularly three dimensional ink jet printers.
  • the present invention is based on a Chinese patent application filed on Jun. 18, 2013, the number of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Three-dimensional printing is one of the rapid prototyping technologies. It is based on digital model files, using powder or liquid metal, plastic and other adhesive materials, through the layer-by-layer printing method to construct objects.
  • the object construction process eliminates the need for traditional tooling, fixtures, and machine tools to create three-dimensional objects of any shape.
  • a three-dimensional printer is a device that connects a computer and outputs information from the computer.
  • a three-dimensional entity is obtained by dividing a three-dimensional image of a computer design into a plurality of thin layers in a specific direction, and then generating a corresponding thin layer one by one through a raw material for a three-dimensional three-dimensional printer.
  • the three-dimensional printing rapid prototyping equipment developed in China is mainly a three-dimensional printing molding apparatus disclosed in the patent document CN200510029726.9.
  • the forming method adopted by the device is supported by a liquid material, and a lifting table is arranged in the liquid supporting material and the vertical upward surface of the working table is kept in the same horizontal plane as the liquid level of the liquid supporting material,
  • the sputter sprays the molding material onto the vertical upward surface of the table to cure the sputter material.
  • the rapid prototyping apparatus disclosed requires a table to be provided in order to provide a support for supporting the sputter material, so that during the sputtering process, the table is sputtered onto the surface of the table due to the molding material.
  • a table Leading to the sinking of the table, causing the vertical surface of the table to be misaligned with the liquid surface of the liquid support material, so that the liquid material providing the support is immersed in the molding material, causing contamination of the sputter material or affecting the curing of the sputter material.
  • the phenomenon of molding even the sputter material that cannot be formed or formed by the sputter material does not meet the design specifications.
  • the present invention aims to provide a three-dimensional inkjet printer.
  • the printer can eliminate the phenomenon that the finally formed three-dimensional solid product is contaminated by the liquid supporting material or does not conform to the design specification during the three-dimensional printing rapid prototyping process.
  • the present invention has developed a three-dimensional inkjet printer. It includes a spray head that is movable in a horizontal plane and has a spray direction that is vertically downward, and a liquid curing agent that is located vertically below the spray head.
  • the nozzle can eject a molding agent containing water and other solutes as a solvent.
  • the curing agent and the molding agent are capable of forming a solid in a mixed state.
  • the curing agent maintains the same distance between the liquid level after contact with the molding agent and the leading layer before the final solidification of the solid object that is contacted and obtained.
  • the solidifying agent is covered with the leading layer before the final solidification of the solid material obtained by contacting the curing agent with the forming agent and obtaining the preceding layer.
  • the solid object is placed on a support platform located in the curing agent.
  • the present invention provides a head and a liquid curing agent located below the head in the provided three-dimensional inkjet printer.
  • the spray head sprays the molding agent onto the surface of the curing agent according to the number set by the computer and the spray area, the curing agent and the molding agent are in contact with each other and solidified to obtain a solid physical layer. It can eliminate the phenomenon that the final formed three-dimensional solid product is contaminated by liquid support materials or does not conform to the design specifications.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional inkjet printer of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the working process of the three-dimensional inkjet printer of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the working process of the three-dimensional inkjet printer of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional inkjet printer of the present invention is shown.
  • the printer 100 is constructed to include a head 101 and a reservoir 102.
  • the number of the heads 101 may be several, and in this embodiment, three, the inks ejected after curing may respectively obtain solid materials of different colors.
  • the head 101 is mounted on the bracket 103, its ejection direction is directed downward in the vertical direction.
  • the bracket 103 is movable in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the head 101 to move in a horizontal plane or in a horizontal direction.
  • three mutually independent nest holes 104 are separated in the vertical portion thereof.
  • a tubular connecting cone 105 in communication with the spray head 101 extends from the bracket 103 along the bottom wall 106 into the nest opening 104.
  • the connecting cone 105 is inserted into the mating hole of the ink cartridge 107, and a gas-liquid communication channel is established between the head 101 and the liquid storage chamber 108 of the ink cartridge 107.
  • the ink stored in the reservoir 108 is a liquid molding agent 109.
  • the components of the molding agent 109 are water and other solutes as a solvent.
  • the solute components used are mainly: 1 dye, 2 stabilizers (such as sulfuric acid), 3 preservatives (such as phenol, arsenic anhydride, etc.), 4 wetting agents (such as glycerin, ethylene glycol, etc.).
  • the solvent used is mainly deionized water or distilled water.
  • the storage tank 102 is stocked with a liquid curing agent 110.
  • the reservoir 102 communicates with the reservoir 113 through a conduit 111 that is controlled by the valve 112 to be in an on-off state.
  • a support platform 114 is provided within the storage pool 102.
  • the support platform 114 is immersed in the curing agent 110 along the vertical upper surface.
  • a liquid curing agent 110 having the same composition is stored in the reservoir 113.
  • the curing agent 110 stored in the storage tank 102 is located below the head 101 in the vertical direction.
  • the curing agent 110 and the molding agent 109 are capable of forming a solid in a mixed state.
  • the curing agent 110 may be a one-component moisture-curable epoxy adhesive which can be cured at room temperature.
  • the one-component epoxy adhesive is mainly composed of a ketimine compound which is synthesized from an aliphatic polyamine and a ketone, and the polyamine remaining in the ketimine compound is blocked by a monoepoxy compound.
  • the ketimine compound and the epoxy resin can be cured at room temperature by releasing an amine by water, and the curing speed can be accelerated by adjusting the amount of water or the content of the aliphatic polyamine.
  • a three-dimensional solid model of the solid object to be printed is first designed by a computer, and a three-dimensional solid model of the three-dimensional solid object is sliced along the internal direction of the computer corresponding to the actual vertical direction. Layering gives the molding data for each layer. Thereafter, the computer controls the print head 101 to move and sprays the molding agent 109 in a region corresponding to the support platform 114. The molding agent 109 is mixed with the curing agent 110 and solidified, thereby obtaining a bottom layer of the three-dimensional solid object on the support platform 114.
  • the computer control valve 112 is opened, the curing agent 110 in the liquid storage tank 113 is filled into the storage tank 102, and the bottom layer of the three-dimensional solid object is covered, and the storage tank 102 is controlled by the computer to be vertically lowered to solidify.
  • the liquid level of the agent 110 after the contact with the forming agent 109 and the liquid level after contacting and obtaining the bottom layer of the three-dimensional solid object are maintained at the same distance from the head 101.
  • the computer controls the nozzle 101 to move and sprays the molding agent 109 in a region corresponding to the bottom layer of the three-dimensional solid object, and the molding agent 109 is contacted and solidified in contact with the curing agent 110, thereby obtaining an intermediate layer of a three-dimensional solid object on the support platform 114.
  • the above-mentioned bottom layer and intermediate layer constitute a leading layer before the final formation of the three-dimensional solid object.
  • the intermediate layer is condensed on the bottom layer of the three-dimensional solid object obtained in the previous step.
  • the desired solid solids 115 can be obtained by repeating the spray coagulation step of the molding agent 109.
  • the present invention provides a nozzle and a nozzle under the nozzle in the provided three-dimensional inkjet printer.
  • Liquid curing agent wherein, along the vertical direction, the curing agent maintains the same distance between the liquid surface before and after the contact with the molding agent and the shower head, and the curing agent is cured after contacting the curing agent with the molding agent on the liquid surface after contact with the molding agent. The resulting solid material is covered by a layer of precedence.
  • the spray head sprays the molding agent onto the surface of the curing agent according to the number set by the computer and the spray area
  • the curing agent and the molding agent are in contact with each other and solidified to obtain a solid physical layer.
  • the liquid is lifted toward the position where the nozzle is located until the liquid level of the curing agent after contact with the molding agent is restored to the position of the liquid surface of the curing agent before the contact with the molding agent.
  • the solid physical layer is sunk into the curing agent, and the vertical upward surface of the solid physical layer is covered by a layer of a curing agent having the same thickness as the subsequent object to be printed, and then the nozzle can be sprayed with the molding agent.
  • the curing agent on the surface of the solid physical layer is contact-mixed and further solidified on the surface of the solid physical layer to obtain a subsequent solid physical layer. After repeated operations, the solid object corresponding to the pre-designed model can be obtained.
  • This structural feature ensures that the molding agent sprayed from the nozzle always comes into contact with the curing agent at the same horizontal position, thereby preventing the final formed three-dimensional solid product from being contaminated by the liquid supporting material or not conforming to the design specifications.

Abstract

本发明是三维喷墨打印机。它包括可在水平面内移动且其喷射方向指向铅垂向下方的喷头以及沿铅垂向位于喷头下方的液态的固化剂。喷头可喷出含有作为溶剂的水和其他溶质的成型剂。固化剂与成型剂在混合状态下能够形成固体物。沿着铅垂方向，固化剂在同成型剂接触前以及接触并得到的固体实物最终成型前的先行层之后的液面同喷头之间均保持相同的距离。沿着铅垂方向，固化剂在同成型剂接触并得到前述先行层之后的液面将固化剂与成型剂接触后固化得到的固体实物最终成型前的先行层覆盖。

Description

三维喷墨打印机
本发明涉及快速成型设备，特别是三维喷墨打印机。本发明基于申请日为2013年06月18日、申请号为201310242176.3的中国发明专利申请，该申请的内容作为与本发明密切相关的参考文献引入本文。
三维立体打印是快速成型技术的一种。它是以数字模型文件为基础，运用粉末状或液体状的金属、塑料等可粘合材料，经过逐层打印的方式来构造物体的技术。该物体构造过程不再需要传统的刀具、夹具和机床等加工制造设备就可以打造出任意形状的立体物品。
三维立体打印机是连接计算机并将计算机中的信息予以输出的设备。在制造特定的立体物品时，通过把计算机设计的立体图像沿特定方向分割为若干薄层，再经由三维立体打印机用原材料逐一生成对应的薄层，进而逐层叠加后获得三维实体。
目前，国内开发的三维立体打印快速成型设备主要是CN200510029726.9号专利文献公开的三维打印成型设备。该设备采用的成型方式是以液体材料作为支撑，在液体支撑材料中设置可升降的工作台并保持工作台的铅垂向上表面同液体支撑材料的同向上部液面处于同一个水平面内，通过喷头将成型材料喷溅至工作台的铅垂向上表面后使溅射材料固化成型。
CN200510029726.9公开的这种快速成型设备，需要设置工作台，以便提供支承溅射材料所需的支承件，因而在溅射成型过程中，其工作台会因为成型材料溅射到工作台表面后导致工作台下沉，致使工作台的铅垂向上表面与液体支撑材料的同向上部液面出现错位，以致提供支撑作用的液体材料浸入成型材料中，产生污染溅射材料或者影响溅射材料固化成型的现象，甚至出现溅射材料不能成型或者成型的溅射材料不符设计规格的后果。
针对上述三维立体打印快速成型设备工作台不能实现其支撑平面的位置与液体支撑材料动态匹配，以致影响三维实体产品的问题，本发明目的在于提供一种三维喷墨打印机。该打印机在实施三维立体打印快速成型过程中可以杜绝最终成型的三维实体产品受液体支撑材料污染或者不符设计规格的现象。
为达至上述发明目的，本发明开发了一种三维喷墨打印机。它包括可在水平面内移动且喷射方向铅垂向下的喷头，以及沿铅垂向位于喷头下方的液态的固化剂。喷头可喷出含有作为溶剂的水和其他溶质的成型剂。固化剂与成型剂在混合状态下能够形成固体物。沿着铅垂方向，固化剂在同成型剂接触前，以及接触并得到的固体实物最终成型前的先行层之后的液面同喷头之间均保持相同的距离。沿着铅垂方向，固化剂在同成型剂接触并得到前述先行层之后的液面将固化剂与成型剂接触后固化得到的固体实物最终成型前的先行层覆盖。
前述三维喷墨打印机，其固体实物被放置在位于固化剂中的支撑平台上。
本发明在所提供的三维喷墨打印机中配置了喷头以及位于喷头下方的液态固化剂。当喷头按照计算机设定的数量和喷射区域将成型剂喷向固化剂的表面时，固化剂与成型剂即相互接触混合，进而固化得到固体实物层。能杜绝最终成型的三维实体产品受液体支撑材料污染或者不符设计规格的现象。
图1本发明三维喷墨打印机结构示意图；
图2本发明三维喷墨打印机工作过程示意图一；
图3本发明三维喷墨打印机工作过程示意图二。
下面结合附图详细描述本发明三维喷墨打印机。
见图1，示出了本发明三维喷墨打印机的结构示意图。
该打印机100的构成包括喷头101和储存池102。
喷头101的数量可以为若干个，本实施例中为三个，其喷出的墨水经过固化之后分别可以得到不同颜色的固体物。喷头101被安装在支架103上之后，其喷射方向指向铅垂向的下方。支架103可在水平方向上移动，进而带动喷头101在水平面内或水平方向上移动。在支架103上，于其沿铅垂向的上部分隔出三个相互独立的巢孔104。与喷头101相连通的管状连接锥105从支架103沿底壁106伸入到巢孔104中。在贮有墨水的墨盒107被置入巢孔104中的状态下，连接锥105插入墨盒107的对接孔中，在喷头101和墨盒107的储液腔108之间建立起气液连通渠道。
储液腔108内贮纳的墨水为液态的成型剂109。成型剂109的成分是作为溶剂的水和其他溶质。所用溶质成分主要是：１染料、2稳定剂（如硫酸）、3防腐剂（如苯酚、亚砷酸酐等）、4润湿剂（如甘油、乙二醇等）。所用溶剂主要是去离子水或蒸馏水。
储存池102储备有液态的固化剂110。储存池102通过受阀门112控制其通断状态的导管111与储液槽113连通。在储存池102内，设置有支撑平台114。支撑平台114沿铅垂向的上部表面浸没于固化剂110中。在储液槽113中，储备有成分相同的液态固化剂110。沿着铅垂方向，储放于储存池102中的固化剂110，其位置位于喷头101的下方。固化剂110与成型剂109在混合状态下能够形成固体物。固化剂110可采用单组分湿气固化型环氧胶粘剂，它可以在室温下固化。这种单组分环氧胶粘剂的成分主要是酮亚胺化合物，它由脂肪族多胺和酮合成，而且酮亚胺化合物中残存的多胺是由单环氧化合物进行封闭。酮亚胺化合物与环氧树脂之间通过遇水释放出胺来实现常温下固化，通过调节水分用量或脂肪族多胺的含量，可以加快固化速度。在本实施方式中，酮亚胺化合物采用丙酮亚胺(CH3)2C＝NH，它可发生水解反应生成酮和胺。
参见图2、3，图中示出了单个喷头101工作时的情形。利用本发明三维喷墨打印机100制备三维固体实物时，首先通过计算机设计出需要打印的三维固体实物的立体模型，并沿着与实际铅垂方向对应的计算机内部方向对三维固体实物的立体模型切片分层，得到每层的成型数据。之后，计算机控制喷头101运动并在同支撑平台114对应的区域喷出成型剂109，成型剂109与固化剂110接触混合后固化，进而在支撑平台114上得到三维固体实物的底层。其后，计算机控制阀门112开启，把储液槽113中的固化剂110补入储存池102中，将三维固体实物的底层覆盖，同时计算机控制储存池102使其沿铅垂向下降，以便固化剂110在同成型剂109接触之前的液面以及接触并获得三维固体实物的底层之后的液面同喷头101之间均保持相同的距离。再后，计算机控制喷头101运动并在同三维固体实物的底层对应的区域喷出成型剂109，成型剂109与固化剂110接触混合后固化，进而在支撑平台114上得到三维固体实物的中间层。上述底层和中间层构成三维固体实物最终成型前的先行层。中间层凝结于上一步骤所得三维固体实物的底层上。反复进行成型剂109的喷射凝结步骤，就可以得到所需要的固体实物115。
在上述单个喷头101的构造基础上，只需增加喷头101数量，调整喷头101喷出的成型剂109的颜色，就可以实现三维固体实物的彩色打印。
针对现有三维立体打印快速成型设备工作台不能实现其支撑平面的位置与液体支撑材料动态匹配以致影响三维实体产品的问题，本发明在所提供的三维喷墨打印机中配置了喷头以及位于喷头下方的液态固化剂。其中，沿着铅垂方向，固化剂在同成型剂接触前后的液面同喷头之间均保持相同的距离，并且固化剂在同成型剂接触后的液面将固化剂与成型剂接触后固化得到的固体实物先行层覆盖。在这种构造方式下，当喷头按照计算机设定的数量和喷射区域将成型剂喷向固化剂的表面时，固化剂与成型剂即相互接触混合，进而固化得到固体实物层。随着固化剂在同成型剂接触后所得液面向着喷头所在的位置抬升，直至固化剂在同成型剂接触后的液面位置回复至固化剂在同成型剂接触前的液面所处位置，前述固体实物层即沉入固化剂中，固体实物层的铅垂向上表面随即被一层与后续待打印物的厚度相同的固化剂覆盖，之后，喷头再行喷出成型剂时即可与覆盖在固体实物层表面上的固化剂接触混合，进而在固体实物层表面上进一步固化得到后续固体实物层。该过程经过多次反复操作后即可得到同预先设计模型对应的固体实物。这种结构特点可以保证喷头喷出的成型剂始终在同一水平位置与固化剂形成接触，进而杜绝最终成型的三维实体产品受液体支撑材料污染或者不符设计规格的现象。

Claims (2)

  1. 三维喷墨打印机，包括可在水平面内移动且喷射方向铅垂向下的喷头；
    其特征在于：
    还包括沿铅垂方向位于所述喷头下方的液态的固化剂，所述喷头可喷出含有作为溶剂的水和其他溶质的成型剂，所述固化剂与所述成型剂在混合状态下能够形成固体物；
    沿着铅垂方向，所述固化剂在同所述成型剂接触前，以及接触并得到的固体实物最终成型前的先行层之后的液面同所述喷头之间均保持相同的距离；
    沿着铅垂方向，所述固化剂在同所述成型剂接触并得到所述先行层之后的液面将所述固化剂与所述成型剂接触后固化得到的固体实物最终成型前的先行层覆盖。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述三维喷墨打印机，其特征在于：
    所述固体实物被放置在位于所述固化剂中的支撑平台上。
PCT/CN2014/079815 2013-06-18 2014-06-13 三维喷墨打印机 WO2014201970A1 (zh)

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CN104290324A (zh) * 2014-09-10 2015-01-21 合肥斯科尔智能科技有限公司 一种设置参考点的三维打印方法
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