WO2014198164A1 - 顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物、其制备方法及其用途 - Google Patents

顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物、其制备方法及其用途 Download PDF

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WO2014198164A1
WO2014198164A1 PCT/CN2014/076333 CN2014076333W WO2014198164A1 WO 2014198164 A1 WO2014198164 A1 WO 2014198164A1 CN 2014076333 W CN2014076333 W CN 2014076333W WO 2014198164 A1 WO2014198164 A1 WO 2014198164A1
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compound
cis
benzylisoquinoline
pharmaceutically acceptable
added
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PCT/CN2014/076333
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐奎
陈正皓
魏伟
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安徽省先锋制药有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/01Sulfonic acids
    • C07C309/28Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton
    • C07C309/29Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P21/00Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
    • A61P21/02Muscle relaxants, e.g. for tetanus or cramps
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D217/00Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems
    • C07D217/12Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems with radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring
    • C07D217/18Aralkyl radicals
    • C07D217/20Aralkyl radicals with oxygen atoms directly attached to the aromatic ring of said aralkyl radical, e.g. papaverine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medicinal chemistry, and in particular to a cis-benzylisoquinoline compound, a process for the preparation thereof, and a pharmaceutical preparation thereof and a medical use thereof.
  • Muscle relaxants play an important role in compound anesthesia.
  • the effective and rational application of muscle relaxants not only provides satisfactory conditions for surgery, but also facilitates respiratory management.
  • the muscle relaxant combined with the general anesthetic for rapid induction and endotracheal intubation the masseter muscle is relaxed, the glottis is opened, which is beneficial to the intubation operation.
  • the period of generalized hemp-induced protective reflex and the satisfactory tracheal intubation condition are the period of anesthesia, which is prone to complications such as hypoxia and reflux aspiration.
  • the induction time of general anesthesia should be shortened as soon as possible.
  • the tube controls the respiratory tract.
  • the onset of muscle relaxants largely determines the early and late endotracheal intubation during general anesthesia induction. Therefore, accelerating the onset of muscle relaxants is critical to the safety of anesthesia induction.
  • succinylcholine is the drug of choice for rapid anesthesia induction and endotracheal intubation, it can not be used in many cases (such as severe trauma, glaucoma, hyperkalemia, etc.) due to its numerous adverse reactions.
  • Depolarizing muscle relaxants Currently, non-depolarizing muscle relaxants have been widely used clinically, but even with very high doses, no non-depolarizing muscle relaxants have provided good results in 60 s like succinylcholine. Intubation conditions. Therefore, accelerating the onset of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants is still one of the hot topics to be solved.
  • Scholars have proposed various measures for clinical use, mainly including high-dose medication, pre-injection, time-limited, combined use and development. New drug.
  • Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants are water-soluble quaternary ammonium compounds, and their histamine release is weaker than that of tertiary ammonium drugs such as morphine, but when injected quickly into some large doses of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, it can cause significant Histamine release, especially during the first large dose of rapid intravenous injection, is more likely to occur. If mild histamine release and a series of reactions are produced after intravenous infusion of the first dose of muscle relaxant, a similar response will not occur after the subsequent addition of no more than the first dose of muscle relaxant. This is an important feature of histamine release.
  • non-depolarizing muscle relaxants that cause histamine release and a series of reactions is that the duration is very short (usually within 1 to 5 minutes after injection) and is closely related to the dose and rate of administration. Histamine release from non-depolarizing muscle relaxants can be prevented by reducing the dose, slowing the rate of injection, and applying histamine and 13 ⁇ 4 receptor antagonists.
  • Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants can be classified into classes and benzylisoquinolines depending on the chemical structure.
  • the genus of piperacium bromide, vecuronium bromide, rocuronium bromide, ribobramium, etc., cytosine, atracurium, cis-atracurium, mevecuramine, etc. belong to benzenoquine Petrones.
  • Benzylisoquinoline non-depolarizing muscle relaxants are more likely to cause significant histamine release.
  • the clinically used benzylisoquinoline quaternary ammonium compounds are used for muscle relaxants, which contain four chiralities, and two chiral carbons and two chiral nitrogens, most of which are isomers.
  • Atmcurium is a classic medium-aged non-depolarizing muscle relaxant, which is commonly used in clinical anesthesia. It is a drug used only as a single stereoisomer, a cis-benzenesulfonate. Cistamcurim is one of the ten isomers of atracurium benzenesulfonate, which accounts for about 15% of the total mixture. It has a muscle relaxation effect and metabolism similar to that of atracurium benzenesulfonate. The way, but the strength of muscle relaxation is about 3 times that of atracurium.
  • Cis-atracurium has a stronger effect than atracurium, a small clinical dose, and a short onset time. Previous studies have shown that cis-atracurium has no histamine release and no significant cardiovascular adverse effects. However, some studies have suggested that cis-atracurium can also cause clinical adverse reactions similar to those after the use of atracurium, such as: skin erythema and hypotension.
  • the object of the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a new class of cis benzyl isoquinoline compounds or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and the technical problem to be solved is to use 3D structure-effects.
  • the compounds of the invention have the general formula:
  • the present invention also includes a cis-benzylisoquinoline compound represented by the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the salicylate is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid group of a chloride, a bromide and a benzene. Sulfonate salt.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a compound of the best form for carrying out the invention:
  • Compound 1 1 is to provide a compound of the best form for carrying out the invention:
  • the preparation method of the other pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the cis-benzylisoquinoline compound represented by the formula (I), such as a chloride salt and a bromide salt, is a substitution method comprising: LiCI or LiBr
  • a further object of the present invention is to prepare a cis-benzyl isoquinoline compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier into a common pharmaceutical preparation such as injection, lyophilization and sterilisation
  • the powder may be added, and a bacteriostatic agent, a pH adjuster, a filler, an isotonic regulator, a glidant, and the like may be added.
  • the compound of the present invention is used in a clinical dose of 0.01 mg to 1000 mg/day, and may also deviate from this range depending on the severity of the condition or the dose.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a use of the cis benzyl isoquinoline compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for the preparation of a medicament for treating a neuromuscular blocker.
  • the gist of the invention is:
  • the novel compound of the invention has less onset time, less recovery time and almost no histamine release effect than the reference drugs micurium chloride and sulfasuccinate, and has good social benefits and broadness. Market application prospects. DRAWINGS
  • Figure 1 is a HPLC chromatogram of the compound of Example 1
  • Figure 2 is a HPLC chromatogram of the compound I 2 of Example 1.
  • Figure 3 is a HPLC chromatogram of the compound I 3 of Example 1.
  • Figure 4 is a HPLC chromatogram of the compound I 4 of Example 1.
  • Figure 5 is a HPLC chromatogram of the compound I 5 of Example 1.
  • Figure 6 is a HPLC chromatogram of the compound I 6 of Example 1. detailed description
  • R-tetrahydroindanine-N-acetyl-leucine 300 g was added to a 10 L autoclave, and water (1000 ml) was added to the reaction vessel. The pH was adjusted to 9 to 10 with 25% aqueous ammonia, toluene (3000 ml) was added to the reaction flask, and the organic phase was separated. Concentrated to (600 ml) under reduced pressure at ⁇ 90 ° C, methyl acrylate (83 g) was added to the reaction mixture, and glacial acetic acid (14 ml) was added to warm to 80 ° C to 85 ° C.
  • the oxalate (240 g) of the compound (1) was added to a 10 L reaction vessel, water (2000 ml) was added thereto, stirred until all was dissolved, and then a 25% NaOH solution was slowly added thereto, the pH was adjusted to 8 to 9, and dichlorochloride was added.
  • the organic phase was separated from formazan (2000 ml), stirred for 5 min, and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (2 ⁇ 400 ml).
  • the residue was added with acetonitrile (3000 ml), stirred until all dissolved, and transferred to a 10 L reaction vessel, and methyl benzenesulfonate (202 g) was added.
  • 1,8-diacyl chloride 75 g of 300 ml of dichloromethane solution, stirred at room temperature for 15 h, added with water 600 ml, stirred for 20 min, separated, the organic layer was washed with water 2 X 300 ml, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, filtrate ⁇ 35 ° C minus The mixture was concentrated to dryness, and the residue was added to acetone (3500 ml), stirred at 40 ° C to 45 ° C for 5 h, stirred at 0 ° C to 5 ° C for 1 h, filtered, and the filtrate was washed with cold acetone and dried to give white powder.
  • the yield of the solid compound was 107%, mp : 76 to 78 ° C, and the HPLC content was 98.9%.
  • Example 2 Referring to the preparation method of Example 1, starting with R-tetrahydromethoxypilanine-N-acetyl-leucine in place of R-tetrahydroindan-N-acetyl-leucine The title compound 1 2 was obtained as a white crystalline powder, mp : , 112 to 114 ° C, yield 47%, purity 98.3% (HPLC method).
  • Example 1 The compound 1 1 458 of Example 1 was placed in a dry and clean 2000 ml three-necked flask. At room temperature, 900 ml of anhydrous acetonitrile was added, and the mixture was stirred until fully dissolved. 24 g of lithium bromide was added, and the mixture was vigorously stirred for 1.5 hours, and the resulting lithium benzenesulfonate was removed by filtration. Wash with 3X50ml acetonitrile, combine with acetonitrile, concentrate 100ml under reduced pressure at ⁇ 40 °C, and add the residue to the stirred acetone (2500ml) at room temperature.
  • Preparation Process Take about 80% of the total amount of water for injection, the water temperature is controlled at 25 ⁇ 5, add 20g of precision weighed lactose, and the compound of the example L Sg, stir well until all dissolved, determine the pH value, add citric acid aqueous solution, control Add about 3.8 water to the whole amount of water for injection, add 0.1% needle with activated carbon, 25 ⁇ 5 and stir 30! ⁇ 11, sterilize and filter with 0.22 ⁇ ⁇ microporous membrane, and dispense the solution into a 10 ml vial. Each bottle is 4ml.
  • the prepared vials of the filled example compound L were placed in a lyophilization box, and then the temperature in the lyophilizer was lowered to below 40 ° C in 2 h to allow rapid freezing. Vacuum the inside air pressure to 2. 66pa in 30min. The temperature is programmed to dry at a temperature of -40 ° C to 30 ° C. After drying, the plug was applied and rolled to obtain the compound of the example lyophilized powder.
  • the compound of the present invention has a fast onset and a relatively quick recovery, and can be used as a drug for rapid surgery, and can be used as a continuous infusion for major surgery.
  • histamine concentration Using a fluorophotometer, the histamine content of the histamine standard solution and its relative fluorescence intensity were used to establish a standard curve of histamine content by linear regression method, and the histamine content in each sample was calculated. Unit: ng/ml

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Abstract

本发明涉及药物化学领域,具体涉及一类顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物(I)、其制备方法、并包含其药物制剂及其医药用途。本发明化合物的神经肌肉阻断剂起效快,恢复也快,几乎没有任何组胺释放作用。

Description

顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物、 其制备方法及其用途
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化学领域, 具体涉及一类顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物、 其制备方法、 并包含 其药物制剂及其医药用途。 背景技术
肌松药在复合全麻中具有重要作用, 肌松药的有效合理应用不仅能为手术提供满意条件, 而且有利于呼吸管理。肌松药联合全麻药进行快速诱导及气管内插管,使咬肌松弛,声门打开, 有利于插管操作。全麻诱导所致保护性反射减弱和获得满意气管插管条件这段时间是麻醉危险 期, 极易发生缺氧、 反流误吸等并发症, 应尽可能缩短全麻诱导时间, 尽早气管插管控制呼吸 道。 而肌松药的起效快慢很大程度上决定全麻诱导时气管插管的早晚, 因此, 加快肌松药起效 对麻醉诱导期的安全至关重要。
虽然琥珀胆碱是进行快速麻醉诱导和气管内插管的首选药物,但由于其众多的不良反应使 其在许多情况下( 如严重创伤、 青光眼、 高血钾等) 不能使用, 而需应用非去极化肌松药。 目 前, 非去极化肌松药已在临床上广泛使用, 但即使给予很高剂量, 迄今为止尚无一种非去极化 肌松药能像琥珀胆碱那样能在 60 s 内提供良好的插管条件。 所以加快非去极化肌松药的起效 仍是亟待解决的热门课题之一, 学者们已提出各种措施供临床采用, 主要包括大剂量用药、 预 注法、 限时法、 联合用药以及研制新药。
非去极化肌松药属于水溶性季铵类化合物, 其组胺释放作用弱于叔铵类药物如吗啡, 但是 当快速注入某些大剂量非去极化肌松药时, 会引起明显的组胺释放, 尤其是首次较大剂量快速 静注时更易发生。 如果在静注首次剂量的肌松药后产生轻度的组胺释放及其一系列反应, 则在 随后追加不超过首次剂量的肌松药后,不会再产生类似的反应。这是组胺释放的一个重要特点。 非去极化肌松药引起组胺释放及一系列反应的另一个特点是持续时间很短 (通常在注药后 1〜 5min 内),且与给药剂量及速度密切相关。 非去极化肌松药的组胺释放作用可通过减少剂量、 减慢注药速度及应用组胺 和1¾ 受体拮抗剂来加以预防。
根据化学结构的不同, 非去极化肌松药可分为 类和苄异喹啉类。 哌库溴铵、 维库溴铵、 罗库溴铵、 瑞库溴铵等属 类, 筒箭毒碱、 阿曲库铵、 顺式阿曲库铵、 美维库铵等属于苄异喹 啉类。 苄异喹啉类非去极化肌松药较易引起明显的组胺释放。 有研究报道, 苄异喹啉类非去极 化肌松药在引起剂量依赖性组胺释放的同时还伴有类胰蛋白酶的释放,而 类非去极化肌松药 可引起快速的组胺释放, 伴随的类胰蛋白酶的释放延迟。
季按盐类化合物用途广泛, 且有很好的发展前景, 特别是用于医药行业作为肌肉松弛己广 泛被人们关注。 临床现有使用的季按盐类化合物, 绝大多数均是立体异构体混合物, 每种单一 立体异构体的药理作用及起效均有很多差异,这样导致了临床使用是起效时间及恢复时间不均 衡。
对映异构体之间的生物活性存在着差异, 有的是对映体有相同的药理活性, 有的是只有一 个对映体有药理活性, 有的是对映体有不同或相反的药理活性。 正是由于手性药物的不同立体 异构在药效、 药代及毒理等方面都可能存在差异, 因此在国内外对手性药物的研究均规定对光 学活性纯净异构体的药代、 药效和毒理学性质, 择优进行临床研究和批准上市。
临床使用的苄基异喹啉类季铵化合物用于肌肉松弛药, 均含有四个手性, 及两个手性碳与 两个手性氮, 绝大多数药用的均是异构体。
苯磺酸阿曲库铵 (atmcurium)为经典的中时效的非去极化肌松药, 在临床麻醉中普遍应用, 临床作为单一立体异构体仅仅使用的药物, 顺式苯磺酸阿曲库铵 (cisatmcurim)是苯磺酸阿曲库 铵的十种同分异构体之一, 约占混合物总量的 15%, 其具有与苯磺酸阿曲库铵相似的肌松效应 和代谢方式, 但其肌松作用强度是阿曲库铵的 3倍左右。
顺式阿曲库铵比阿曲库铵作用强、 临床用量小、 起效时间短。 以前的研究认为, 顺式阿曲 库铵无组胺释放、 无明显的心血管不良反应。 但也有研究认为, 顺式阿曲库铵也可引起类似于 使用阿曲库铵后出现的临床不良反应, 如: 皮肤红斑和低血压等。
基于临床苄异喹啉类非去极化肌松药的优点与极大的缺陷, 申请人致力于研究起效快、 恢 复快、 副作用极小的新型苄异喹啉类非去极化肌松药新化合物的研究, 运用了极性反转等等药 物原理, 合成了大量新型苄基异喹啉类化合物, 其中, 本发明的化合物具有意想不到的药用效 果, 为此完成了本发明。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于弥补现有技术中存在的不足之处,而提供一类新的顺式苄基异喹啉类化 合物或其药学上可接受的盐, 所要解决的技术问题是运用 3D构效关系和药物化学极性反转原 理, 筛选出高效低毒的新型顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物的一系列新化合物。 本发明的化合物通式如下:
Figure imgf000004_0001
其中 R选自氢原子或甲氧基, =表示为含一个双键的链烃, n为 2或 4或 6或 8或 10, n更优选 4或 6。
本发明也包括通式 (I) 所示的顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐, 所述的 盐化物选自的可药用酸根为氯化物、 溴化物和苯磺酸化物盐。
本发明的另一目的是提供实施本发明的最佳形式化合物: 化合物 11:
Figure imgf000004_0002
Figure imgf000004_0003
Figure imgf000005_0001
化合物 ι5:
Figure imgf000005_0002
化合物 ι6:
Figure imgf000006_0001
Figure imgf000006_0002
Figure imgf000006_0003
其中 及 n的定义同权利要求 1。
通式 (I) 所示的顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物其它药学上可接受的盐的制备方法, 如氯化物 盐及溴化物盐, 采用置换法, 包括: LiCI或 LiBr
CH3CN
Figure imgf000007_0001
、 'nil
0、
、0,
丁 Ri
Ri
本发明的再一目的是所述的顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可 接受的载体制成常见的药物制剂, 如注射液、 冻干及无菌分装粉, 可以加入抑菌剂、 pH调节 剂、 填充剂、 等渗调节剂、 助流剂等常用药用辅料。
本发明所述的化合物临床所用剂量为 0.01mg〜1000mg/天, 也可根据病情的轻重或剂量的 不同偏离此范围。
本发明的又一目的是提供所述的顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备 治疗神经肌肉阻断剂药物的用途。
本发明的要点在于:
本发明的新化合物相对于对照药米库氯铵及苯磺顺阿曲库铵具有更小的起效时间、更小的 恢复时间及几乎没有任何组胺释放作用, 具有良好的社会效益及广阔的市场运用前景。 附图说明
图 1 是实施例 1化合物 L HPLC色谱图
图 2 是实施例 1化合物 I2 HPLC色谱图
图 3 是实施例 1化合物 I3 HPLC色谱图
图 4 是实施例 1化合物 I4 HPLC色谱图
图 5 是实施例 1化合物 I5 HPLC色谱图
图 6 是实施例 1化合物 I6 HPLC色谱图 具体实施方式
下面的实施例可以对本发明进行进一步的描述, 然而, 这些实施例不应作为对本发明范围 的限制。
实施例 1 化合物 L的制备
Figure imgf000008_0001
将 R-四氢婴粟碱 -N-乙酰基-亮氨酸盐 (300g)加入 10L反应釜中, 向反应釜中加水 (1000ml)。 用 25%的氨水调节 pH到 9〜10, 向反应瓶中加入甲苯 (3000ml), 分出有机相。 于温度 <90°C减 压浓缩至 (600ml), 向反应釜中加入丙烯酸甲酯 (83g), 加入冰醋酸 (14ml)升温至 80°C〜85°C。 于 80°C〜85°C搅拌 (15〜18h), HPLC检测, 反应结束后降温至 20°C〜25°C。 向反应釜中加入丙 酮 (4000ml), 再向反应釜中加入草酸 (157g)。 向反应釜中加入乙酸乙酯 (5000ml) (大量固体析 出)。 于 20〜30°C搅拌 (15〜18h), 过滤, 滤饼用乙酸乙酯洗 (500〜 1000ml)。 物料于温度 <45°C 减压烘干, 得到淡黄色固体 (1 ) 253g), 收率为 95%。
将二氯甲垸 (2000ml)装入 10L反应釜中, 加入碳酸钾 (924g), 加入甲醇 (150g), 通过恒压滴 加漏斗缓慢地将苯磺酰氯 (1300ml)加入, 有明显的放热现象。 滴加结束后继续搅拌 20〜30in, TLC跟踪检测, 原料完全消耗, 同时有新点生成, 过滤, 于温度 <45°C减压浓缩至干, 加入乙 酸乙酯 (5000ml)溶解, 用水 (3000ml)洗掉苯磺酸, 分出有机, 无水硫酸钠干燥 30min, 过滤后, 于温度 <45°C减压浓缩至干, 最后得到黄色的油状苯磺酸甲酯 (2), 收率为 85%。
将化合物 (1 ) 的草酸盐 (240g)加入 10L反应釜中,, 向其中加入水 (2000ml), 搅拌至全部 溶解, 然后缓慢加入 25%NaOH溶液, 调节 pH到 8〜9, 加入二氯甲垸 (2000ml)分出有机相, 搅 拌 5min, 水相再用二氯甲垸 (2x400ml)提取。 合并有机相, 于温度 <35°C减压浓缩至干。 残余 物加入乙睛 (3000ml), 搅拌至全部溶解,转入 10L反应釜, 加入苯磺酸甲酯 (202g)。于温度 20〜 3CTC搅拌 (15〜18h), HPLC检测。 反应结束后, 向反应釜中加入二氯甲垸 (450ml)。 同时加入 叔丁基甲醚 (800ml),于温度 20〜30°C搅拌 (15〜18h),过滤,滤饼用二氯甲垸:叔丁基甲醚 =3:4 的混合溶剂进行洗涤滤饼于温度 <45°C减压烘干。 得到了白色固体 (3 ) 256g, 收率为 93%。 将化合物 (3 ) 的顺反混合物 (比例 3: 1 ) 250g加入 10L反应釜中, 然后加入丙酮 (2500ml), 于 30°C下搅拌 72h, 过滤, 得到白色固体 (4) 185g, 收率为 74%。
将化合物(4) 180g加入 10L反应釜中, 然后加入甲醇 (4000ml), 于 20°C〜25°C下分批(共 十次)加入硼氢化钠 210g, 加入完毕, 室温搅拌 4h, <35°C减压浓缩至干, 加入乙酸乙酯 5000ml 溶解, 用水 (2 X 400ml)洗涤, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 过滤除去干燥剂, <35°C减压浓缩至干, 残余 物加入甲醇 2000ml, 加入 50g苯磺酸的 50ml甲醇溶液, 室温搅拌 5h, 过滤, 滤液用甲醇洗涤, 得到白色固体 (5 ) 131g, 收率为 82%。
(E)-辛 -4-烯 -1,8-二酸 400g, 加入干燥洁净的 2000ml三口瓶中, 加入 DMF 10ml, 缓慢滴入二 氯亚砜 700ml, 温度维持在 40°C〜45°C, 滴入完毕, 在此温度下搅拌反应 10h, 反应完毕, 浓缩 至干, 备用。
将化合物 (5 ) 130g加入 10L反应釜中, 然后加入二氯甲垸 (3000ml)及三乙胺 400ml, 于 20°C〜25°C下滴入上步 (E)-辛 -4-烯 -1,8-二酰氯 75g的 300ml二氯甲垸溶液,室温搅拌 15h,加入水 600ml, 搅拌 20min, 分离, 有机层用水 2 X 300ml洗涤, 无水硫酸钠干燥, 过滤, 滤液 <35°C减 压浓缩至干, 残余物加入丙酮 3500ml, 40°C〜45°C慢慢搅拌 5h, 於 0°C〜- 5°C下搅拌 lh, 过滤, 滤液用冷的丙酮洗涤, 干燥得白色粉末状固体化合物 ^ 107^收率 51%, mp: 76〜78°C, HPLC 含量 98.9%。
Figure imgf000009_0001
H— NMR ( 500MHz,CDCl3/TMS , ppm) :
δ 2.01—2.23 (4H, m, 2CH3CH2CH2); δ 2.36—2.42 (4H, m, 2CH3CH2CH=); δ 2.59 (4H, t, J=5.7Hz, 2COCH2CH2); δ 3.21 (4H, d, J=9.6Hz , CH2); δ 3.39 ( 6H, s, 2NCH ; δ 3.42 (4H, t, J=5.7Hz„ 2NCH2CH2); δ 3.96 (24H, s, 2OCH3); δ 4.26 (4H, t, J=5.7Hz„ 2CH2CH2CO); δ 5.98 (2H, t, J=7.6Hz, 2CH=CH); δ 3.04—4.63 ( 10H,m, 四氢喹啉上哌啶); δ 6.82 (2Η, s, 四氢喹啉上苯环); δ 6.93-7.45 ( 6H, m, 苯环);
MS : m/z (M+) 1126.5 ( 100% ) 实施例 2 化合物 I2的制备
Figure imgf000010_0001
参照实施例 1的制备方法, 以 R-四氢甲氧基婴粟碱 -N-乙酰基-亮氨酸盐代替 R-四氢婴粟 碱 -N-乙酰基-亮氨酸盐做起始原料, 制得目标化合物 12, 白色结晶性粉末, mp: ,112〜114°C, 收率 47%, 其纯度为 98.3%, (HPLC法)。
Figure imgf000010_0003
H— NMR (500MHz,CDCl3/TMS, ppm) :
δ 2.13—2.31 (4H, m, 2CH3CH2CH2); δ 2.43—2.49 (4H,, m, 2CH3CH2CH=); δ 2.65 (4H, t, J=9.6Hz, 2COCH2CH2); δ 3.36 (4H, d, J=12.4Hz, CH2); δ 3.52 (6H, s, 2NCH3); δ 3.67 (4H,, t, J=5,7Hz, 2NCH2CH2); 5 4.15 (30H, s, 2OCH3); δ 4.43 (4H, t, J=5,7Hz, 2CH2 CO); δ 5.99 (2H, t, J=7.6Hz, 2CH=CH); δ 3.14—4.87 ( 10H, m, 四氢喹啉上哌啶); δ 7.03 (2Η, s, 四氢喹啉上苯环); δ 7.18-7.67 (6H, m, 苯环);
MS: m/z (M+) 1186.6 ( 100% ) 实施例 3 化合物 I3的制备
Figure imgf000010_0002
参照实施例 1的制备方法, 以 (E)-己 -3-烯 -1,6-二酸代替 (E)-辛 -4-烯 -1,8-二酸做起始原料, 制得目标化合物 I3, 白色结晶性粉末, mp: 55〜59°C, 收率, 41%, 其纯度为 99.2%, (HPLC 法)。
Figure imgf000011_0003
MS : m/z (M+) 1098.6 ( 100% ) 实施例 4 化合物 14的制备
Figure imgf000011_0001
参照实施例 2及实施例 3的制备方法, 制得目标化合物 14, 白色结晶性粉末, mp: 103〜 105°C, 收率, 37% , 其纯度为 98.4%, (HPLC法)。
Figure imgf000011_0004
MS : m/z (M+) 1158.7 ( 100% )
实施例 5 化合物 15的制备
Figure imgf000011_0002
参照实施例 1的制备方法, 以戊二酸代替 (E)-辛 -4-烯 -1,8-二酸做起始原料,制得目标化合 物 13, 白色结晶性粉末, mp: 97〜99°C, 收率, 56%, 其纯度为 99.0%, (HPLC法)。 元 素 分 析 计算值 C 65.23 H 7.14 N 2.58
C59H77N2015S (%) 实测值: C 64.99 H 7.27 N 2.41
MS: m/z (M+) 1086.5 (100%)
实施例 6 化合物 16的制备
Figure imgf000012_0001
实施例 1化合物 11458置于干燥洁净的 2000ml三口烧瓶中, 室温, 加入 900ml无水乙腈, 搅拌至全溶, 加入溴化锂 24g, 剧烈搅拌 1.5h, 过滤除去生成的苯磺酸锂, 固体用 3X50ml乙 腈洗涤, 合并乙腈, <40°C减压浓缩 100ml, 将这残余物在室温下滴入搅拌的丙酮 (2500ml) 中, 滴入完毕, 室温继续搅拌 lh, 过滤, 固体在 600ml丙酮中打浆, 过滤, 固体用 3 X 30ml 丙酮洗涤, 真空 70°C干燥得白色粉末状化合物 I633g, 收率 76%, mp: 173〜177°C, 其纯度为 99.3%, (HPLC法)。
Figure imgf000012_0002
MS: m/z (M+) 1049.8 (100%) 实施例 7 注射用化合物 的制备
处方:
实施例化合物 L 5g
乳糖 20g
枸橼酸水溶液 适量
注射用水 4000ml
1000支
制备工艺: 取处方总量 80%左右的注射用水, 水温控制在25 ± 5 , 加入精密称取乳糖 20g, 及实施 例化合物 L Sg, 充分搅拌至全部溶解, 测定 pH值, 滴加枸橼酸水溶液, 控制 pH值为 3.8左右加 入注射用水至全量, 加入 0.1%针用活性炭, 25 ± 5 搅拌30!^11, 用 0.22 μ ηι微孔滤膜除菌过 滤, 溶液分装于 10ml规格的西林瓶中, 每瓶装量为 4ml。
将制备好的已灌装实施例化合物 L的西林瓶放入冻干箱内, 然后将冻干机内温度在 2h内降 低到一 40°C以下, 使其迅速冻结。 抽真空, 在 30min内使箱内大气压达到 2. 66pa。 按板温 -40°C 升到 30°C的开始程序升温干燥。 干燥完后加塞、 轧盖得到实施例化合物 冻干粉针。
实施例 8 化合物 16注射液的制备
处方:
实施例化合物 I6 5g
氯化钠 9g
注射用水 4000ml
1000支
制备工艺:
取处方总量 80%左右的注射用水, 水温控制在 25°C ± 5°C, 加入精密称取的实施例化合物 I6 5g及氯化钠 9g, 充分搅拌至全部溶解,加入注射用水至全量,加入 0.1%针用活性炭, 25°C ± 5°C 搅拌 30min, 用 0.22 μ ηι微孔滤膜除菌过滤, 无菌分装于 5ml规格的西林瓶中, 每瓶装量为 4ml, 即得化合物 16注射液。
实施例 9 药理试验
一、 神经肌肉阻断剂的起效时间及作用时间
家兔垂头试验:
取家兔 16只, 静注本发明化合物及对照药苯磺顺阿曲库铵及米库氯铵, 观察家兔垂头及四 肢腹部松弛时间和恢复至活跃如初的时间, 结果如下:
达最大阻滞时间 恢复时间
化合物 剂量 (mg/kg)
(分钟) 25% (分钟) 75% (分钟) 化合物 0.12 1.1 35 51 化合物 12 0.08 1.2 23 31 化合物 13 0.17 1.1 33 56 化合物 14 0.15 1.3 24 35 化合物 I5 0.10 1.2 41 67 化合物 I6 0.12 1.2 29 52 苯磺顺阿曲库铵 0.10 7.8 49 67
米库氯铵 0.15 1.7 21 28 结论: 本发明的化合物起效快, 恢复也稍快, 可作为小手术的需要起效快的药物, 同时可 可以作为大手术连续输注的药物。
二、 组胺释放作用试验
1、麻醉诱导与维持: 16只家兔分成 8组,家兔术前 30min肌注哌替啶 l.Omg, 阿托品 0.05mg, 然后开放肘静脉并行颈内静脉穿剌置管,所有药物均经肘静脉注入。麻醉诱导用咪达唑仑 0.01〜 0.05mg/kg, 依托咪酯 0.2〜0.3mg/kg, 待神智消失后启用肌松检测仪, 定标达 5min后, 分别给 予 8组注射发明的化合物及对照药。
2、 组胺浓度的测定:
①、 标本的提取和准备: 分别於静脉注射本发明化合物的神经肌肉阻断剂及对照药前及给 药后 2min、 5min, 用肝素化注射器经颈内静脉采血 5ml, 离心分离出血浆, 取上层血浆 2ml置于 试管内, 待用。
②、 组胺浓度测定: 采用荧光光度计发, 以组胺标准液的组胺含量和其相对荧光强度, 以 直线回归的方法建立组胺含量的标准曲线, 计算各样品中的组胺含量。 单位: ng/ml
Figure imgf000014_0001
结论:本化合物的化合物均基本没有组胺释放作用,也就是临床基本没有心血管的副作用, 具有广泛的运用前景。

Claims

1、 通式 ( I ) 所示的顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure imgf000015_0001
其中 R选自氢原子或甲氧基, =表示为含一个双键的链烃或单键链烃, n为 2或 4或 6或 8或 10。
2、 权利要求 1 所述的顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其特征在于: n 为 4或 6。
3、 权利要求 1〜2所述的顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其特征在于: 该化合物所选自的可药用酸根为氯化物、 溴化物和苯磺酸化物盐。
4、 根据权利要求 1〜3所述的顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其特征 在于: 所述的化合物优选以下结构:
I,.
Figure imgf000015_0002
ST
Figure imgf000016_0001
1?9ΐ86ΐ/ 0Ζ OAV
Figure imgf000017_0001
Figure imgf000017_0002
Figure imgf000017_0003
其中 及 n的定义同权利要求 1。
6、 一种药物组合物, 其中含有权利要求 1〜4所述的顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物或其药学 上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的载体。
7、权利要求 1所述的顺式苄基异喹啉类化合物用于制备治疗神经肌肉阻断剂药物的用途。
8、 权利要求 7所述的用途, 包括全身麻醉剂外科手术治疗步骤。
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