WO2014198158A1 - 一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法 - Google Patents

一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014198158A1
WO2014198158A1 PCT/CN2014/075754 CN2014075754W WO2014198158A1 WO 2014198158 A1 WO2014198158 A1 WO 2014198158A1 CN 2014075754 W CN2014075754 W CN 2014075754W WO 2014198158 A1 WO2014198158 A1 WO 2014198158A1
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Prior art keywords
switch
distribution network
topology
application
network
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PCT/CN2014/075754
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐丙垠
王敬华
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山东理工大学
山东科汇电力自动化股份有限公司
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Priority to EP14810432.6A priority Critical patent/EP3010114B1/en
Priority to US14/897,710 priority patent/US9804626B2/en
Publication of WO2014198158A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014198158A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00034—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
    • G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/23—Updating
    • G06F16/2365—Ensuring data consistency and integrity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/24—Querying
    • G06F16/245—Query processing
    • G06F16/2455—Query execution
    • G06F16/24564—Applying rules; Deductive queries
    • G06F16/24565—Triggers; Constraints
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/951—Indexing; Web crawling techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies

Definitions

  • An automatic identification method for network topology of distribution network control application belongs to the field of power automation. Specifically, it relates to an application-oriented automatic identification method for distribution network control application network topology.
  • the topology analysis of the distribution network is based on the connection relationship of the distribution electrical components, and the whole network is regarded as a topology diagram of the combination of lines and points, and then the topology analysis of the entire network is performed according to the power supply node and the switch node.
  • the distribution network is the basis for other analysis such as state estimation, power flow calculation, fault location, isolation and power restoration, and network reconstruction.
  • the structure of the power distribution network is large and complex, and the network structure often changes due to the opening and closing of the switch in the fault load transfer operation.
  • association table matrix representation based on the development of the master station system.
  • the system requirements are high, the speed is slow, and it cannot be applied in the power distribution terminal, nor can it adapt to the real-time requirements of the distributed intelligence for protection and control.
  • Patent Literature 02116363.4 A network topology information collection method for a communication network is proposed, which is used for collecting network topology information in the Internet protocol, and can identify the positional relationship of each device in the network.
  • the accuracy is not high.
  • the network topology information collection method of the communication network disclosed in the patent document is not applicable. In the distribution network.
  • Distributed intelligent control needs to adapt to the real-time changes of the network structure. For example, the fault recovery needs to dynamically identify the location of the tie switch; the island protection needs to track the power of the main network; the load transfer needs to perform load pre-judgment, etc., all of these functions need to know the network topology in real time. Relationships, so it is particularly important to invent an application-oriented real-time network topology identification method that allows each application to maintain a dynamic network topology for this application.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of small amount of calculation, fast speed, and can ensure the integrity and reliability of information, and is especially suitable for distributed intelligent control of distribution network.
  • Distribution network control application network topology automatic identification method is especially suitable for distributed intelligent control of distribution network.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is: the automatic identification method for the network topology of the distribution network control application, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 Statically configure the switch attribute.
  • the intelligent terminal STU of the distribution network corresponding to the distribution network switch in the distribution network Perform static configuration of switch attributes and application network topology types;
  • the switch attribute includes the own attribute and the position attribute of the distribution network switch, wherein the self attribute is divided into a substation outlet switch, a segment switch and an end switch; the position attribute of the switch is the position of the switch in the network, and the switch The network address of the adjacent distribution network switch;
  • Step 2 The STU of the distribution network intelligent terminal determines whether the query trigger condition is met
  • Distribution network intelligent terminal STU Determine whether the pre-set real-time application network topology query trigger condition is met. If the query trigger condition is met, go to step 3. If the query condition is not met, the query is not started.
  • Step 3 The queryer issues a query command to start an application network topology query.
  • Any distribution network intelligent terminal STU corresponding to the distribution network switch in the distribution network The queryer can send the query command of the application network topology to the neighboring distribution network intelligent terminal STU, and deliver it to the terminal switch until the terminal switch is encountered.
  • Step 4 reply to the query command
  • the switch attribute information of the application network is sent back to the upper-level distribution network intelligent terminal STU that issues the application network topology query command, and the intelligent distribution terminal STU of the distribution network After receiving the switch attribute information sent by the STU of the next-level distribution network intelligent terminal, the switch attribute information and the received next-level switch attribute information are sent back to the upper-level distribution network intelligent terminal STU. And re-filling the data length check code, and sending it to the querier until the application network topology command is queried;
  • Step 5 receiving switch attribute information of the distribution network switch
  • step 6 After the querier receives the switch attribute information of all the distribution network switches in the distribution network, step 6 is performed;
  • Step 6 Checking the integrity of the switch attribute information
  • the querier checks the integrity of all switch attribute information, and the terminator of the switch attribute information should be the terminal switch. If all the switch attribute information is complete, step 7 is performed; if it is incomplete, the query is invalid, and the process returns to step 2 ;
  • Step 7 forming an application network topology
  • the querier extracts the topology information required by the querier from the switch attribute information of all the distribution network switches received according to its own application network topology to form an application topology network.
  • the application network topology includes: a location application topology, a load prediction application topology, an automatic identification application topology of a tie switch, and an island protection main network power tracking application topology.
  • the static configuration of the application network topology type described in step 1 is: the intelligent terminal STU of the distribution network corresponding to the outlet switch of the substation Configuring a location application topology, a load pre-judging application topology, and a distribution network intelligent terminal STU corresponding to the segmentation switch The configuration of the location application topology, the load prediction application topology, and the automatic identification application topology of the tie switch; the distribution network intelligent terminal STU corresponding to the end switch The location application topology is configured in the middle; the distribution network intelligent terminal STU corresponding to the end switch connected to the distributed power source is simultaneously configured with the island protection main network power tracking application topology.
  • the query triggering condition of the STU of the distribution network intelligent terminal described in step 2 is: a preset query period or the intelligent terminal STU of the distribution network The corresponding switch position signal of the distribution network switch.
  • the terminal switches described in steps 3 and 4 are substation outlet switches or end switches.
  • the switch attribute information includes a switch number, a self attribute, a position attribute, a switch status, a voltage information, a load information, and an alternate information of the corresponding distribution network switch.
  • the querier described in step 7 extracts the topology information required by the received switch attribute information as:
  • Forming a location application topology needs to extract location attribute information in switch attribute information of the distribution network switch;
  • Forming the load pre-judging application topology needs to extract the location attribute and the load information in the switch attribute information of the distribution network switch;
  • the automatic identification application topology forming the contact switch needs to extract the position attribute, the switch state and the voltage information in the switch attribute information of the distribution network switch;
  • Forming an island protection main network power tracking application topology needs to extract the position attribute and switch information in the switch attribute information of the distribution network switch.
  • the application network topology query commands sent by any one of the queriers described in step 3 are the same.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the network topology structure can be queried in real time, the calculation amount is small, the query speed is fast, and the speed requirement of the distributed intelligent control is met.
  • Overcoming the existing distribution network topology technology is generated by the primary station from top to bottom. It takes a long time to update, and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time state of the network, which cannot meet the shortcomings of distributed intelligent control.
  • the present invention is directed to a distribution network intelligent terminal STU for each feeder of a power system distribution network.
  • the number is small, the location and attributes are relatively fixed, and the static configuration switch attributes ensure the integrity and reliability of the information.
  • the application network topology of the present invention refers to real-time network topology information required for specific control applications, and each distribution network intelligent terminal STU You only need to establish your own application network topology relationship, extract the information needed in your application, and distribute the application network topology to each distribution network intelligent terminal. In the middle, it can reduce the computational workload, and is suitable for practical applications where the hardware and software resources of the embedded system are relatively low.
  • the information transmission distance is the shortest on the network, which can reduce the network pressure and reduce the collision probability, and at the same time, when the distribution network intelligent terminal STU
  • the assembly is sent downwards as a command, and the data length check code is refilled, which reduces the processing workload of the original querier.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for automatically identifying the network topology of a distribution network control application.
  • Figure 2 is a topology information transmission diagram of the automatic identification method of the network topology of the distribution network control application.
  • Figure 3 is a topological diagram of an automatic network topology identification method for distribution network control applications.
  • the distribution network switch mainly has the following forms: end switch, sectional switch and substation outlet switch, each distribution network switch is equipped with a corresponding distribution network intelligent terminal STU According to the specific form of each distribution network switch, the application network topology required for the corresponding distribution network intelligent terminal STU configuration. In the distribution network, any distribution network intelligent terminal STU It is the equal status of the functional distribution, and the configuration of the application network topology is completely determined by its location and can be changed.
  • Step 1 Statically configure the switch attribute.
  • Distribution network intelligent terminal STU corresponding to each distribution network switch Perform static configuration of switch properties including its own properties and location properties.
  • the self-property of the distribution network switch includes three types: substation outlet switch, segment switch and end switch; the position attribute of the switch is the position of the switch in the network, and the network address of the distribution network switch adjacent to the switch.
  • substation outlet switch segment switch and end switch
  • the position attribute of the switch is the position of the switch in the network
  • the network address of the distribution network switch adjacent to the switch When performing static configuration of location attributes, you only need to configure the network address of the switch adjacent to it.
  • a and B are substations
  • distribution network switches 11 and 22 are substation outlet switches
  • distribution network switches 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 are segmented switches
  • the distribution network switches 6 and 8 are end switches, and the end switch 8 is connected to a distributed power supply.
  • the static configuration of the switch attribute is performed, the static configuration of the type of the application network topology needs to be performed for the specific form of the corresponding distribution network switch.
  • the application network topology refers to the real-time network topology information required for the specific control application, and any distribution network intelligent terminal STU Both can establish their own application topology, and whether the application network topology needs to be established is determined by its own attributes.
  • the application network topology mainly consists of the following types: location application topology, load prediction application topology, automatic identification application topology of the tie switch, and island protection main network power tracking application topology.
  • Substation outlet switch 11 , 22 corresponding distribution network intelligent terminal STU Need to configure the location application topology, load pre-judging application topology; segmentation switch 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 7 corresponding distribution network intelligent terminal STU
  • the location application topology, the load prediction application topology, and the automatic identification application topology of the tie switch need to be configured; the STU of the distribution network intelligent terminal corresponding to the end switches 6 and 8 needs to be configured with the location application topology.
  • End switch 8 The distributed power supply is connected, so the STU of the distribution network intelligent terminal corresponding to the end switch 8 should also be configured with the island protection main network power tracking application topology.
  • Step 2 The STU of the distribution network intelligent terminal determines whether the query condition is met
  • Distribution network intelligent terminal STU Determining whether the pre-set query trigger condition is satisfied: that is, the preset query period or the switch displacement signal of the distribution network switch corresponding to the distribution network intelligent terminal STU, when the query trigger condition is met, step 3 is performed. If the query condition is not met, the query will not be started.
  • Step 3 The queryer issues a query command to start an application network topology query.
  • the query of the application network topology is initiated by the querier, and any distribution network intelligent terminal STU corresponding to the distribution network switch in the distribution network Can be used as a queryer. After the distribution network intelligent terminal STU meets the query conditions, the pre-configured adjacent distribution network intelligent terminal STU The query command of the application network topology is sent, and the distribution network intelligent terminal STU that receives the query application network topology command continues to the adjacent lower-level distribution network intelligent terminal STU. The query applies the network topology command, and so on, until it encounters the substation outlet switch or the end switch.
  • the segmentation switch 3 is a sub-position, and the sub-network intelligent terminal STU corresponding to the segmentation switch 3
  • the application network topology query command is issued, and the segment switch 2 is sent to the left, and the segment switch 4 is sent to the right, and the segment switch 7 is sent downward, and the segment switch 2 is sent to the segment switch 1 and the segment.
  • Switch 5 Two adjacent switches, the sectional switch 1 is sent to the substation outlet switch 11 , the sectional switch 5 is sent to the end switch 6 , and the left query is ended; the sectional switch 4 is sent to the adjacent substation outlet switch 22 The query to the right ends here; the segment switch 7 is sent to the adjacent end switch 8, and the downward query ends here.
  • Step 4 reply to the query command
  • the substation outlet switch or the end switch After receiving the query command of the application network topology, the substation outlet switch or the end switch sends its own switch attribute information to the adjacent distribution network intelligent terminal STU to which the application network topology query command is issued. , any distribution network intelligent terminal STU receives the switch attribute information sent back by its neighboring distribution network intelligent terminal STU, and then its own switch attribute information and the received adjacent distribution network intelligent terminal STU The sent back switch attribute information is sent to the adjacent distribution network intelligent terminal STU that issues the application network topology query command. And refill the data length checksum, and so on, until the information is sent to the original querier.
  • Substation outlet switch 11 After receiving the application network topology query command issued by the segment switch 1 , return its own switch attribute in the following format:
  • Substation outlet switch 11 Pass the switch information to the interrogator segment switch 1 , segment switch 1 receives the substation outlet switch 11 After the returned information, add the switch attribute information of this switch, continue to pass to the queryer segment switch 2, the return information is as follows:
  • Section switch 2 receives segment switch 1 and segment switch 5 The returned information, the information is assembled, the information of this switch is added, and the message is continuously transmitted to the inquirer.
  • the returned information is as follows:
  • Step 5 receiving switch attribute information of the distribution network switch
  • the inquirer receives switch attribute information of all distribution network switches in the distribution network.
  • the finder segment switch 3 The corresponding distribution network intelligent terminal STU receives the switch attribute information including: the substation outlet switch 2 includes the substation outlet switch 11 , the end switch 6 , the segment switch 1 , the segment switch 5 And switch attribute information of the segment switch 2; switch attribute information from the segment switch 4 including the segment switch 4 and the substation outlet switch 22: including the segment switch 7 from the segment switch 7 And switch attribute information of the end switch 8.
  • Step 6 check the integrity of the switch attribute information
  • the querier checks the integrity of the received switch attribute information. After receiving the switch attribute information of all distribution network switches in the distribution network, the inspector checks the integrity of the switch attribute information, and the terminator of the information should be the substation outlet switch or the terminal switch. If all switch attribute information is complete, perform the steps 7; Incomplete means that the query is invalid, return to step 2 for the next query.
  • Step 7 forming an application network topology
  • the workload is processed and the querier sends the same application network topology query command.
  • the querier extracts the information required by the switch attribute information of all distribution network switches according to the application network topology type configured by itself, and forms an application network topology.
  • step 1 The topology establishment method of the application network topology required for the various distribution network switches described in the description and the switch attribute information of the distribution network switch to be extracted are as follows:
  • the distribution network switch in the distribution network needs to be configured with a location application topology.
  • Distribution network intelligent terminal STU corresponding to distribution network switch As the queryer of the location application topology, after receiving the switch attribute information of all distribution network switches in the distribution network, first check the integrity of the information, and the terminator of the information should be the substation outlet switch or terminal switch; extracting the application related to its own application Information to build an application topology.
  • the location application topology only needs to extract the location attribute in the return information to identify the location of the distribution network switch of the entire network.
  • segment switch 3 As mentioned above, the segmentation switches in the distribution network all need to be configured with an automatic identification application topology of the tie switches. Take segment switch 3 as an example: segment switch 3 As the finder of the automatic identification application topology of the contact switch, after collecting the network topology information, first check the integrity of the information, and the terminator of the information should be the substation outlet switch or the terminal switch; extract the information related to the application and establish the application topology.
  • the automatic identification application topology of the contact switch only needs to extract the position attribute, switch information and voltage information in the return information to determine whether it is a tie switch.
  • the end switch connected to the distributed power supply in the distribution network needs to be configured with an island-protected main network power tracking application topology.
  • the end switch 8 As an inquirer of the island's power supply tracking application topology, after collecting the network topology information, first check the integrity of the information.
  • the terminator of the information should be the substation outlet switch or terminal switch; extract the information related to the application and establish the application topology. .
  • the island protection power supply tracking application topology only needs to extract the location attribute and switch information in the return information, and then can determine the main network power network connected with the distributed power source, the end switch 8
  • the network topology information is used to monitor the connection relationship between the distributed power source and the main network power source in real time, and the island protection is performed after the monitoring is disconnected from the main network power.
  • segment switch 3 As mentioned above, both the segmentation switch and the substation outlet switch in the distribution network need to be configured with a load prediction application topology. Take segment switch 3 as an example: segment switch 3 After confirming that it is a contact switch, it is necessary to perform load pre-judgment when contacting the backup. Contact switch 3 As the querier of the load pre-judging application topology in the load transfer process, after collecting the network topology information, first check the integrity of the information, the terminator of the information should be the substation outlet switch or the terminal switch; extract the information related to the application and establish Application topology.
  • the load pre-judging application topology only needs to extract the position attribute and load information in the return information to determine whether the contact switch can be closed. If the spare capacity is sufficient, the contact switch can be closed. If the spare capacity is insufficient, the contact switch cannot Closed.

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Abstract

一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法，属于电力自动化领域。其特征在于：包括以下步骤： 1 、静态配置开关属性； 2 、配电网智能终端STU判断是否符合查询触发条件； 3 、查询者发出查询命令，开始进行应用网络拓扑查询； 4 、回复查询命令； 5 、接收查询命令； 6 、开关属性信息完整性的检查； 7 、形成应用网络拓扑。本发明的配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法运算量小，速度快，并且保证信息的完整性和可靠性，尤其适用于配电网分布式智能控制。将应用网络拓扑的建立分散到各个配电网智能终端STU中，可减少运算工作量，适合嵌入式系统软硬件资源相对较低的实际应用。

Description

一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法
技术领域
一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法，属于电力自动化领域。具体涉及一种面向应用的配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法。
背景技术
配电网络的拓扑分析是根据配电电器元件的连接关系，把整个网络看成线与点结合的拓扑图，然后根据电源节点、开关节点等进行整个网络的拓扑链接分析。配电网络进行状态估计、潮流计算、故障定位、隔离及供电恢复、网络重构等其他分析的基础。配电网络的结构庞大且复杂、网络结构由于故障负荷转移操作中开关的开合，经常发生变化。
目前国内外在这方面现有的研究有关联表矩阵表示法、网基矩阵表示法、结点消去法、树搜索表示法、离散处理法等，这些方法都是基于主站系统开发的，对系统要求高，速度慢，无法在配电终端中应用，也无法适应分布式智能对保护和控制提出的实时性要求。
专利文献 02116363.4 中提出了一种通信网络的网络拓扑信息收集方法，用于互联网协议中的网络拓扑信息收集，可以识别网络中各设备的位置关系，在通讯领域，由于各设备位置相对分散且不固定，所以准确性不高。但是在配电网络中，由于配电终端设备具有数量和安装位置相对固定，对可靠性要求又特别高的特点，所以该专利文献所公布的一种通信网络的网络拓扑信息收集方法并不适用于配电网络。
分布式智能控制需要适应网络结构的实时变化，如故障恢复需要动态识别联络开关的位置；孤岛保护需要跟踪主网电源；负荷转移需要进行负荷预判等，这些功能的实现都需要实时知道网络拓扑关系，所以发明一种使每个应用都维护一个针对本应用的动态网络拓扑结构的面向应用的实时网络拓扑识别方法变得尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是：克服现有技术的不足，提供一种运算量小，速度快，并且可以保证信息的完整性和可靠性，尤其适用于配电网分布式智能控制的一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：该一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤 1 ，静态配置开关属性；
首先对配电网中配电网开关所对应配置的配电网智能终端 STU 进行开关属性和应用网络拓扑类型的静态配置；
所述的开关属性包括配电网开关的自身属性和位置属性，其中自身属性分为变电站出线开关、分段开关和末端开关；开关的位置属性为该开关在网络中的位置，以及与该开关相邻的配电网开关的网络地址；
步骤 2 ， 配电网智能终端 STU 判断是否符合查询触发条件；
配电网智能终端 STU 判断是否满足自身预设定的实时应用网络拓扑查询触发条件，如果符合查询触发条件，执行步骤 3 ，若不符合查询条件，则不启动查询；
步骤 3 ，查询者发出查询命令，开始进行应用网络拓扑查询；
配电网中与配电网开关相对应的任何一个配电网智能终端 STU 均可以作为查询者，查询者向相邻的配电网智能终端 STU 下发应用网络拓扑的查询命令，逐级下发直到遇到终端开关为止；
步骤 4 ，回复查询命令；
终端开关所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 接收到应用网络拓扑的查询命令后，将自身对应的开关属性信息发回至发出应用网络拓扑查询命令的上一级配电网智能终端 STU ，本级配电网智能终端 STU 接收到下一级配电网智能终端 STU 发来的开关属性信息之后，将自身的开关属性信息以及接收到的下一级开关属性信息一并发回至上一级配电网智能终端 STU ，并重新填写数据长度校验码，逐级发送直到下发查询应用网络拓扑命令的查询者为止；
步骤 5 ，接收配电网开关的开关属性信息；
查询者接收到配电网中所有配电网开关的开关属性信息后，执行步骤 6 ；
步骤 6 ，开关属性信息完整性的检查；
查询者对所有开关属性信息的完整性进行检查，开关属性信息的终止者应为终端开关，如果所有开关属性信息完整，则执行步骤 7 ；不完整则表示该次查询失效，返回步骤 2 ；
步骤 7 ，形成应用网络拓扑；
查询者根据其自身的应用网络拓扑从接收到的所有配电网开关的开关属性信息中提取自己所需要的拓扑信息，形成应用拓扑网络；
所述的应用网络拓扑包括：位置应用拓扑、负荷预判应用拓扑、联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑以及孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑。
步骤 1 所述的应用网络拓扑类型的静态配置为：在所述的变电站出线开关所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 中配置位置应用拓扑、负荷预判应用拓扑；在所述的分段开关所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 中配置位置应用拓扑、负荷预判应用拓扑和联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑；在所述的末端开关所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 中配置位置应用拓扑；连接有分布式电源的末端开关所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 中同时配置孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑。
步骤 2 中所述的配电网智能终端 STU 的查询触发条件为：预先设定的查询周期或该配电网智能终端 STU 对应的配电网开关的开关变位信号。
步骤 3 和步骤 4 中所述的终端开关为变电站出线开关或末端开关。
所述的开关属性信息包括所对应的配电网开关的开关编号、自身属性、位置属性、开关状态、电压信息、负荷信息以及备用信息。
步骤 7 中所述的查询者从接收到的开关属性信息中提取自己所需要的拓扑信息为：
形成位置应用拓扑需要提取配电网开关的开关属性信息中的位置属性信息；
形成负荷预判应用拓扑需要提取配电网开关的开关属性信息中的位置属性和负荷信息；
形成联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑需要提取配电网开关的开关属性信息中的位置属性、开关状态和电压信息；
形成孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑需要提取配电网开关的开关属性信息中的位置属性和开关信息。
步骤 3 所述的任何一个查询者发送的应用网络拓扑查询命令均相同。
与现有技术相比，本发明的所具有的有益效果是：
1 、可实时查询网络拓扑结构，运算量小、查询速度快，满足分布式智能控制对速度的要求。克服了现有配电网拓扑技术都是由主站自上而下生成的，更新一次需要较长时间，无法根据网络的实时状态动态调整，无法满足分布式智能控制对速度的缺点。
2 、本发明针对电力系统配电网每条馈线的配电网智能终端 STU 数量较少，位置和属性相对固定的特点，静态配置开关属性，保证信息的完整性和可靠性。
3 、本发明的应用网络拓扑是指具体控制应用所需要的实时网络拓扑信息，每个配电网智能终端 STU 只需要建立自己的应用网络拓扑关系，提取自身应用中需要的信息，将应用网络拓扑的建立分散到各个配电网智能终端 STU 中，可减少运算工作量，适合嵌入式系统软硬件资源相对较低的实际应用。
4 、本发明的自动识别方法和直接由被查询者将自身拓扑信息返回最初查询者相比，信息在网上传递距离最短，可减低网络压力，降低碰撞概率，同时，当配电网智能终端 STU 接收到多个查询命令时，拼装为一条命令向下传送，并重新填写数据长度校验码，可降低最初查询者的处理工作量。
附图说明
图 1 为一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法流程示意图。
图 2 为一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法拓扑信息传送图。
图 3 为一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法拓扑示意图。
具体实施方式
图 1~3 是本发明的最佳实施例，下面结合附图 1~3 对本发明做进一步说明。
在配电网中，配电网开关主要有以下几种形式：末端开关、分段开关以及变电站出线开关，每个配电网开关均配有一一对应的配电网智能终端 STU ，根据每个配电网开关的具体形式，为其相对应的配电网智能终端 STU 配置所需要的应用网络拓扑。在配电网中，任何配电网智能终端 STU 都是功能分布的平等地位，配置怎样的应用网络拓扑，完全由其位置确定，并且是可以变化的。
如图 1 所示，本发明的一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法流程步骤如下：
步骤 1 ，静态配置开关属性；
对每个配电网开关所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 进行包括自身属性和位置属性在内的开关属性的静态配置。
其中配电网开关的自身属性包括变电站出线开关、分段开关和末端开关三种；开关的位置属性即该开关在网络中的位置，以及与该开关相邻的配电网开关的网络地址。在进行位置属性的静态配置时，只需要配置与其相邻开关的网络地址。
如图 3 所示， A 、 B 为变电站，配电网开关 11 、 22 为变电站出线开关，配电网开关 1 、 2 、 3 、 4 、 5 、 7 为分段开关，配电网开关 6 、 8 为末端开关，其中末端开关 8 连接有分布式电源。在对每个配电网智能终端 STU 进行开关属性静态配置时，同时需要针对其所对应的配电网开关的具体形式，进行应用网络拓扑的类型静态配置。
应用网络拓扑是指具体控制应用所需要的实时网络拓扑信息，任何配电网智能终端 STU 都可以建立自己的应用拓扑，是否需要建立应用网络拓扑是由其自身属性决定的。应用网络拓扑主要由以下几种类型：位置应用拓扑、负荷预判应用拓扑、联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑以及孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑。
变电站出线开关 11 、 22 所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 需要配置位置应用拓扑、负荷预判应用拓扑；分段开关 1 、 2 、 3 、 4 、 5 、 7 所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 需要配置位置应用拓扑、负荷预判应用拓扑和联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑；末端开关 6 、 8 所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 需要配置位置应用拓扑。末端开关 8 连接有分布式电源，因此末端开关 8 所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 同时应当配置孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑。
步骤 2 ，配电网智能终端 STU 判断是否符合查询条件；
每个配电网智能终端 STU 所配置的应用网络拓扑需要实时更新。配电网智能终端 STU 判断是否满足预设定的查询触发条件：即预设定的查询周期或该配电网智能终端 STU 对应的配电网开关的开关变位信号，当满足查询触发条件时，执行步骤 3 ，若不符合查询条件，则不启动查询。
步骤 3 ，查询者发出查询命令，开始进行应用网络拓扑查询；
应用网络拓扑的查询由查询者发起，配电网中与配电网开关相对应的任何一个配电网智能终端 STU 均可以作为查询者。当配电网智能终端 STU 符合查询条件之后，向预先配置好的相邻的配电网智能终端 STU 下发应用网络拓扑的查询命令，接收到查询应用网络拓扑命令的配电网智能终端 STU 继续向其相邻的下级配电网智能终端 STU 下发查询应用网络拓扑命令，依此类推，直到遇到变电站出线开关或末端开关为止。
如上所述，配电网中有多种应用网络拓扑，为了减轻信道压力和配电网智能终端 STU 处理工作量，查询者采用相同的应用网络拓扑查询命令进行发送。
如图 2 所示，假定分段开关 3 为分位，分段开关 3 对应的配电网智能终端 STU 就会发出应用网络拓扑查询命令，向左发给分段开关 2 ，同时向右发给分段开关 4 ，向下发给分段开关 7 ，分段开关 2 发给分段开关 1 和分段开关 5 两个相邻开关，分段开关 1 发给变电站出线开关 11 ，分段开关 5 发给末端开关 6 ，向左查询至此结束；分段开关 4 发给相邻的变电站出线开关 22 ，向右查询至此结束；分段开关 7 发给相邻的末端开关 8 ，向下查询至此结束。
步骤 4 ，回复查询命令；
变电站出线开关或末端开关接收到应用网络拓扑的查询命令后，将自身的开关属性信息发送至向其发出应用网络拓扑查询命令的相邻配电网智能终端 STU ，任何配电网智能终端 STU 接收到其相邻配电网智能终端 STU 发回的开关属性信息之后，将自身的开关属性信息以及接收到的相邻配电网智能终端 STU 发回的开关属性信息一并发送至上一级发出应用网络拓扑查询命令的相邻配电网智能终端 STU ，并重新填写数据长度校验码，依次类推，直到将信息发送至最初的查询者为止。
如图 2 所示，假设查询者为分段开关 3 所对应的配电网智能终端 STU ，以变电站出线开关 11 为例：变电站出线开关 11 接收到分段开关 1 发出的应用网络拓扑查询命令之后，将自身的开关属性以如下格式进行返回：
数据长度 11开关属性 空 空 空
其中 11 开关属性包含以下信息：
开关编号 自身属性 位置属性 开关状态 电压信息 负荷信息 备用 备用
变电站出线开关 11 将开关信息传递至查询者分段开关 1 ，分段开关 1 接收到变电站出线开关 11 返回的信息后，添加上本开关的开关属性信息，继续向查询者分段开关 2 传递，返回信息如下：
数据长度 11开关属性 1开关信息 空 空
分段开关 2 接收到分段开关 1 和分段开关 5 返回的信息，将信息进行拼装，添加上本开关的信息，继续向查询者传递，返回信息如下：
数据长度 11开关属性 1开关信息 6开关信息 5开关信息 2开关信息
步骤 5 ，接收配电网开关的开关属性信息；
查询者接收配电网中所有配电网开关的开关属性信息。在本实施例中，如图 2 所示，查询者分段开关 3 所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 接收到开关属性信息包括：来自分段开关 2 的包括变电站出线开关 11 、末端开关 6 、分段开关 1 、分段开关 5 以及分段开关 2 的开关属性信息；来自分段开关 4 的包括分段开关 4 和变电站出线开关 22 的开关属性信息：来自分段开关 7 的包括分段开关 7 和末端开关 8 的开关属性信息。
步骤 6 ，开关属性信息完整性的检查
查询者对接收到的开关属性信息的完整性进行检查。查询者接收到配电网中所有配电网开关的开关属性信息后，对开关属性信息的完整性进行检查，信息的终止者应为变电站出线开关或终端开关。如果所有开关属性信息完整，则执行步骤 7 ；不完整则表示该次查询失效，返回步骤 2 进行下一次查询。
步骤 7 ，形成应用网络拓扑；
配电网中有多种应用网络拓扑，为了减轻信道压力和配电网智能终端 STU 处理工作量，查询者采用相同的应用网络拓扑查询命令进行发送。查询者在所接收到的所有开关属性信息中，根据其自身配置的应用网络拓扑类型从所有配电网开关的开关属性信息中提取自己所需要的信息，形成应用网络拓扑。
步骤 1 中所叙述的各种配电网开关所需要具备的应用网络拓扑的拓扑建立的方式及需要提取的配电网开关的开关属性信息如下：
（ 1 ）位置应用拓扑：
如上所述，配电网中的配电网开关均需要配置位置应用拓扑。配电网开关所对应的配电网智能终端 STU 作为位置应用拓扑的查询者，接收到配电网中所有配电网开关的开关属性信息后，首先检查信息的完整性，信息的终止者应为变电站出线开关或终端开关；提取与自己应用相关的信息，建立应用拓扑。
位置应用拓扑只需提取返回信息中的位置属性，便可对整个网络的配电网开关的位置进行识别。
（ 2 ）联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑
如上所述，配电网中的分段开关均需要配置联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑。以分段开关 3 为例：分段开关 3 作为联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑的查询者，收集网络拓扑信息后，首先检查信息的完整性，信息的终止者应为变电站出线开关或终端开关；提取与自己应用相关的信息，建立应用拓扑。
联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑只需提取返回信息中的位置属性、开关信息和电压信息，便可确定是否为联络开关。
（ 3 ）孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑
如上所述，配电网中的连接有分布式电源的末端开关需要配置孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑。在本实施例中，末端开关 8 作为孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑的查询者，收集网络拓扑信息后，首先检查信息的完整性，信息的终止者应为变电站出线开关或终端开关；提取与自己应用相关的信息，建立应用拓扑。
孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑只需提取返回信息中的位置属性和开关信息，便可确定与本分布式电源联网的主网电源，末端开关 8 利用网络拓扑信息实时监测分布式电源与主网电源的连接关系，监测到与主网电源脱离后，即进行孤岛保护。
（ 4 ）负荷预判应用拓扑
如上所述，配电网中的分段开关和变电站出线开关均需要配置负荷预判应用拓扑。以分段开关 3 为例：分段开关 3 确认自身为联络开关后，在联络备投时就需要进行负荷预判。联络开关 3 作为负荷转移过程中的负荷预判应用拓扑的查询者，收集网络拓扑信息后，首先检查信息的完整性，信息的终止者应为变电站出线开关或终端开关；提取与自己应用相关的信息，建立应用拓扑。
负荷预判应用拓扑只需提取返回信息中的位置属性和负荷信息，便可确定本联络开关能否合闸，如果备用容量足够，联络开关就可以合闸，如果备用容量不够，联络开关就不能合闸。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型，仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    步骤1，静态配置开关属性；
    首先对配电网中配电网开关所对应配置的配电网智能终端STU进行开关属性和应用网络拓扑类型的静态配置；
    所述的开关属性包括配电网开关的自身属性和位置属性，其中自身属性分为变电站出线开关、分段开关和末端开关；开关的位置属性为该开关在网络中的位置，以及与该开关相邻的配电网开关的网络地址；
    步骤2， 配电网智能终端STU判断是否符合查询触发条件；
    配电网智能终端STU判断是否满足自身预设定的实时应用网络拓扑查询触发条件，如果符合查询触发条件，执行步骤3，若不符合查询条件，则不启动查询；
    步骤3，查询者发出查询命令，开始进行应用网络拓扑查询；
    配电网中与配电网开关相对应的任何一个配电网智能终端STU均可以作为查询者，查询者向相邻的配电网智能终端STU下发应用网络拓扑的查询命令，逐级下发直到遇到终端开关为止；
    步骤4，回复查询命令；
    终端开关所对应的配电网智能终端STU接收到应用网络拓扑的查询命令后，将自身对应的开关属性信息发回至发出应用网络拓扑查询命令的上一级配电网智能终端STU，本级配电网智能终端STU接收到下一级配电网智能终端STU发来的开关属性信息之后，将自身的开关属性信息以及接收到的下一级开关属性信息一并发回至上一级配电网智能终端STU，并重新填写数据长度校验码，逐级发送直到下发查询应用网络拓扑命令的查询者为止；
    步骤5，接收配电网开关的开关属性信息；
    查询者接收到配电网中所有配电网开关的开关属性信息后，执行步骤6；
    步骤6，开关属性信息完整性的检查；
    查询者对所有开关属性信息的完整性进行检查，开关属性信息的终止者应为终端开关，如果所有开关属性信息完整，则执行步骤7；不完整则表示该次查询失效，返回步骤2；
    步骤7，形成应用网络拓扑；
    查询者根据其自身的应用网络拓扑从接收到的所有配电网开关的开关属性信息中提取自己所需要的拓扑信息，形成应用拓扑网络；
    所述的应用网络拓扑包括：位置应用拓扑、负荷预判应用拓扑、联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑以及孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法，其特征在于：步骤1所述的应用网络拓扑类型的静态配置为：在所述的变电站出线开关所对应的配电网智能终端STU中配置位置应用拓扑、负荷预判应用拓扑；在所述的分段开关所对应的配电网智能终端STU中配置位置应用拓扑、负荷预判应用拓扑和联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑；在所述的末端开关所对应的配电网智能终端STU中配置位置应用拓扑；连接有分布式电源的末端开关所对应的配电网智能终端STU中同时配置孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法，其特征在于：步骤2中所述的配电网智能终端STU的查询触发条件为：预先设定的查询周期或该配电网智能终端STU对应的配电网开关的开关变位信号。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法，其特征在于：步骤3和步骤4中所述的终端开关为变电站出线开关或末端开关。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法，其特征在于：所述的开关属性信息包括所对应的配电网开关的开关编号、自身属性、位置属性、开关状态、电压信息、负荷信息以及备用信息。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法，其特征在于：步骤7中所述的查询者从接收到的开关属性信息中提取自己所需要的拓扑信息为：
    形成位置应用拓扑需要提取配电网开关的开关属性信息中的位置属性信息；
    形成负荷预判应用拓扑需要提取配电网开关的开关属性信息中的位置属性和负荷信息；
    形成联络开关的自动识别应用拓扑需要提取配电网开关的开关属性信息中的位置属性、开关状态和电压信息；
    形成孤岛保护主网电源追踪应用拓扑需要提取配电网开关的开关属性信息中的位置属性和开关信息。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种配电网控制应用网络拓扑自动识别方法，其特征在于：步骤3所述的任何一个查询者发送的应用网络拓扑查询命令均相同。
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CN111898656A (zh) * 2020-07-14 2020-11-06 许继集团有限公司 一种量测平衡检测的异常数据辨识方法
CN111898656B (zh) * 2020-07-14 2023-10-24 许继集团有限公司 一种量测平衡检测的异常数据辨识方法
CN113689009A (zh) * 2021-08-20 2021-11-23 国网江苏省电力有限公司镇江供电分公司 配电自动化图模异动关联馈线集的自动识别方法
CN113689009B (zh) * 2021-08-20 2022-09-30 国网江苏省电力有限公司镇江供电分公司 配电自动化图模异动关联馈线集的自动识别方法

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