WO2014198049A1 - Synj1基因突变体及其应用 - Google Patents
Synj1基因突变体及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014198049A1 WO2014198049A1 PCT/CN2013/077207 CN2013077207W WO2014198049A1 WO 2014198049 A1 WO2014198049 A1 WO 2014198049A1 CN 2013077207 W CN2013077207 W CN 2013077207W WO 2014198049 A1 WO2014198049 A1 WO 2014198049A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/156—Polymorphic or mutational markers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to ⁇ gene mutants and uses thereof. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for isolating a nucleic acid encoding a mutant, an isolated polypeptide, screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease, and screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease. Kits, constructs, and recombinant cells for screening biological samples susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease. Background technique
- Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Its early symptoms are mostly related to exercise, including tremor, stiffness, slowness of movement and difficulty walking. Since then, thinking and behavioral skills have started to go wrong. As the disease progresses, dementia symptoms occur more frequently, and depression is the most common symptom. Other symptoms include sensory, sleep, and emotional problems. PD is more common in the elderly, and the average age of onset is more than 60 years old. Despite this, more than 10% of PD patients are under 40 years of age. This type of Parkinson's disease, which is under 40 years of age, is called "early onset Parkinson's disease.” The symptoms of early-onset Parkinson's disease are similar to those of Parkinson's disease.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for effectively screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the present invention was completed based on the following work of the inventors: The inventors identified new pathogenic genes for early-onset Parkinson's disease by genome-wide homozygous mapping combined with whole exome sequencing, and Sanger sequencing verification.
- the SYNJ1 gene, as well as the mutation of c.773G>A, which is located in exon 5 of the gene, is a disease-causing mutation.
- the invention provides an isolated nucleic acid encoding a SYNJ1 mutant.
- the nucleic acid has a c.773G>A mutation compared to SEQ ID NO: 1, that is, the 773th base of the ⁇ gene mutant of the present invention is from G relative to the wild type SYNJ1 gene.
- the mutation is A.
- the inventors identified a novel mutant of the SYNJ1 gene, which is associated with early-onset Parkinson's disease The onset of the disease is closely related, so that by detecting the presence or absence of the new mutant in the biological sample, it is possible to effectively detect whether the biological sample is susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the invention provides an isolated polypeptide.
- the isolated polypeptide has a p.Arg258Gln mutation compared to SEQ ID NO: 2, that is, the mutation is caused by a c.773G>A mutation, specifically, the mutation indicates:
- the isolated polypeptide was mutated to Gln due to the Arg mutation at position 258 of wild-type SYNJ1.
- the invention proposes a method of screening a biological sample susceptible to early onset Parkinson's disease.
- the method comprises the steps of: extracting a nucleic acid sample from the biological sample; determining a nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid sample; and having a nucleic acid sequence having a nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 having c.
- the 773G>A mutation is an indication that the biological sample is susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the invention provides a system for screening biological samples susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the system includes: a nucleic acid extraction device for extracting a nucleic acid sample from the biological sample; a nucleic acid sequence determining device, the nucleic acid sequence determining device being coupled to the nucleic acid extraction device, For analyzing the nucleic acid sample to determine a nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid sample; determining means, the determining means being coupled to the nucleic acid sequence determining means for based on the nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid sample and SEQ ID NO: 1 Whether or not there is a c.773G>A mutation, whether the biological sample is susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the aforementioned method for screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease can be effectively carried out, so that a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease can be effectively screened.
- the invention provides a kit for screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the kit comprises: a reagent suitable for detecting a mutant of the SYNJ1 gene, wherein the mutant of the gene has a c.773G>A mutation as compared with SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the invention also proposes a construct.
- the construct comprises the isolated nucleic acid encoding a SYNJ1 mutant as described above.
- the recombinant cells obtained by transforming the recipient cells with the construct of the present invention can be effectively used for screening for drugs for treating early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the invention also proposes a recombinant cell.
- the recombinant cell is obtained by transforming a recipient cell by the construct described above.
- the drug for treating early-onset Parkinson's disease can be effectively screened by using the recombinant cell of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease and a component thereof, according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein
- FIG. 1A is a schematic illustration of a system for screening biological samples susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a nucleic acid extraction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of a nucleic acid sequence determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a family diagram of a family of early-onset Parkinson's disease patients according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 shows a patient and a normal person in a family of early-onset Parkinson's disease patients according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the invention provides an isolated nucleic acid encoding a SYNJ1 mutant.
- the nucleic acid has a c.773G>A mutation compared to SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the expression "nucleic acid encoding a SYNJ1 mutant” as used herein refers to a nucleic acid substance corresponding to a gene encoding a SYNJ1 mutant, that is, the type of nucleic acid is not particularly limited, and may be any inclusion of a SYNJ1 mutant.
- a polymer encoding a corresponding deoxyribonucleotide and/or ribonucleotide of a gene including but not limited to DNA, RNA or cDNA.
- the nucleic acid encoding the SYNJ1 mutant described above is DNA.
- the inventors identified a mutant of the SYNJ1 gene, which is closely related to the onset of early-onset Parkinson's disease, thereby enabling efficient detection of the organism by detecting the presence or absence of the mutant in a biological sample. Whether the sample is susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease can also effectively predict whether the organism is susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease by detecting the presence or absence of the mutant in the organism.
- the c.773G>A mutation is a homozygous mutation in the organism, it is predicted that the organism is more likely to suffer from early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the nucleic acid encoding the SYNJ1 mutant is a novel causative gene of early-onset Parkinson's disease determined by the inventors of the present application by whole genome homozygous mapping combined with whole genome exome sequencing, and Sanger sequencing verification method.
- the pathogenic mutation of c.773G>A carried in it is located in exon 5 of the gene.
- the pathogenic genes and mutation sites are not mentioned in the prior art.
- GGACTTTACAGAAAGATAA (SEQ ID NO: The protein encoded thereby has the amino acid sequence shown below:
- LPSRRPPPPPVPLLPPGTSPPVDPFTTLASKASPTLDFTER SEQ ID NO: 2
- the novel new mutant discovered by the inventors has a c.773G>A mutation compared to SEQ ID NO: 1, i.e., the 773th base of the ⁇ gene mutant of the present invention is a mutation from G relative to the wild type gene. Is A.
- the product encoded thereby has a p.Arg258Gln mutation compared to the wild-type SYNJ1, ie, the mutation is caused by the c.773G>A mutation, specifically, the mutation indicates: 258 of wild-type SYNJ1
- the Arg mutation in the position is Gln.
- the ⁇ WJ? gene encodes prominent vesicular phosphatase 1 (SYNJ1), a phosphoinositide phosphatase protein that plays an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in the adult brain.
- SYNJ1 vesicular phosphatase 1
- the alternative splicing of SYNJ1 encodes both the 170 and 145 kDa subtypes of the protein, both of which are expressed in the anterior terminal of the brain. Other subtypes of this protein subtype are also annotated in Genbank.
- Genbank Genbank
- the invention provides an isolated polypeptide.
- the isolated polypeptide has a p.Arg258Gln mutation compared to wild-type SYNJ1, that is, the mutation is caused by a nonsense mutation of C.C2671T, specifically, the mutation indicates: the isolated The Gin amino acid at position 891 of the polypeptide wild-type SYNJ1 was mutated to a stop codon and the translation was terminated prematurely.
- the polypeptide is encoded by the aforementioned isolated nucleic acid encoding a SYNJ1 mutant.
- the polypeptide By detecting whether the polypeptide is expressed in the biological sample, it is possible to effectively detect whether the biological sample is susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease, or to detect whether the organism is susceptible to early onset by detecting the presence or absence of these polypeptides in the living body. Parkinson's disease.
- the p.Arg258Gln mutation is a homozygous mutation in the organism, that is, when only the SYNJ1 mutant protein having the p.Arg258Gln mutation is present in the organism, and the wild-type SYNJ1 protein is not expressed, the organism may be predicted to have early onset Parkinson's disease is more likely.
- the invention proposes a method of screening a biological sample susceptible to early onset Parkinson's disease.
- the method comprises the steps of:
- a nucleic acid sample is extracted from the biological sample.
- the type of the biological sample is not particularly limited as long as a nucleic acid sample reflecting the presence or absence of a mutation in the biological sample SYNJ1 can be extracted from the biological sample.
- the biological sample may be at least one selected from the group consisting of human blood, skin, and subcutaneous tissue, preferably peripheral blood. Thereby, sampling and detection can be conveniently performed, thereby further improving the screening risk The efficiency of biological samples of Parkinson's disease.
- nucleic acid sample as used herein shall be understood broadly and may be any sample capable of reflecting the presence or absence of a mutation in SYNJ1 in a biological sample, for example, may be a whole genome DNA directly extracted from a biological sample. It may also be part of the whole genome comprising the ⁇ WJ? coding sequence, which may be total RNA extracted from a biological sample, or may be mRNA extracted from a biological sample. According to an embodiment of the invention, the nucleic acid sample is whole genome DNA. Thereby, the source range of the biological sample can be expanded, and various information of the biological sample can be simultaneously determined, thereby improving the efficiency of screening biological samples susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the method further comprising: extracting an RNA sample from the biological sample, preferably the RNA sample is mRNA; and based on the obtained RNA sample, by inverting Record the reaction, obtain a cDNA sample, and the obtained cDNA sample constitutes a nucleic acid sample.
- the nucleic acid sample can be analyzed to enable determination of the nucleic acid sequence of the resulting nucleic acid sample.
- the method and apparatus for determining the nucleic acid sequence of the obtained nucleic acid sample according to an embodiment of the present invention are not particularly limited.
- the nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid sample can be determined by sequencing methods.
- the method and apparatus that can be used for sequencing according to embodiments of the present invention are not particularly limited.
- second generation sequencing techniques may be employed, as well as third generation and fourth generation or more advanced sequencing techniques.
- the nucleic acid sequence can be sequenced using at least one selected from the group consisting of Hiseq2000, SOLID, 454, and a single molecule sequencing device. Therefore, combined with the latest sequencing technology, high sequencing depth can be achieved for a single site, detection sensitivity and accuracy are greatly improved, and thus the high-throughput and deep sequencing characteristics of these sequencing devices can be utilized to further improve nucleic acid samples. The efficiency of the test analysis. Thereby, the accuracy and accuracy of subsequent analysis of the sequenced data can be improved.
- determining the nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid sample may further comprise: first, constructing a nucleic acid sequencing library for the obtained nucleic acid sample; and sequencing the obtained nucleic acid sequencing library to obtain a plurality of The sequencing results of the sequencing data.
- the resulting nucleic acid sequencing library may be sequenced using at least one selected from the group consisting of Hiseq2000, SOLID, 454, and a single molecule sequencing device.
- the nucleic acid sample can be screened and enriched with the SYNJ1 exon, which can be performed before the sequencing library is constructed, or after the sequencing library is constructed.
- constructing the nucleic acid sequencing library for the nucleic acid sample further comprises: performing PCR amplification on the nucleic acid sample using the SYNJ1 exon-specific primer; and constructing the nucleic acid sequencing library for the obtained amplification product.
- the SYNJ1 exon (especially the sequence of exon 5) can be enriched by PCR amplification, thereby further improving the efficiency of screening biological samples susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- exon-specific primer is not particularly limited, and according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, these exon-specific primers (for the sequence of exon 5 of SYNJ1) Having the nucleotide sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOS: 3 and 4: TCTCGTTTTATAGCCCTATC AAGGCCCATAAGTAACCAAG TTCTGATCC (SEQ ID NO: 3) AACAATC (SEQ ID NO: 4)
- SEQ ID NO: 3 and 4 TCTCGTTTTATAGCCCTATC AAGGCCCATAAGTAACCAAG TTCTGATCC (SEQ ID NO: 3) AACAATC (SEQ ID NO: 4)
- SEQ ID NO: 3 and 4 AACAATC
- the method and apparatus for extracting a nucleic acid sample from a biological sample are also not particularly limited, and can be carried out using a commercially available nucleic acid extraction kit.
- nucleic acid sequence shall be understood broadly, and may be complete nucleic acid sequence information obtained by assembling the sequencing data obtained by sequencing the nucleic acid sample, or may be directly used.
- the sequencing data obtained by sequencing the nucleic acid sample is used as the nucleic acid sequence as long as the corresponding nucleic acid sequence contains the corresponding ⁇ « ⁇ ? The coding sequence is sufficient.
- the nucleic acid sequence of the resulting nucleic acid sample is aligned with the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. If the c.773G > A mutation is present in the resulting nucleic acid sequence, the biological sample is indicated to be susceptible to early onset Parkinson's disease. Among them, when the c.773G>A mutation is a homozygous mutation in a biological sample, it is predicted that the biological sample is more likely to suffer from early-onset Parkinson's disease. Thus, by screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease according to an embodiment of the present invention, a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease can be effectively screened.
- the method and apparatus for aligning a nucleic acid sequence with SEQ ID NO: 1 are not particularly limited, and may be operated by any conventional software. According to a specific example of the present invention, SOAP software may be used. Comparison.
- the use of the "method for screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease" according to an embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, it can be used as a screening method for non-diagnostic purposes. Screening systems and kits for biological samples susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease
- the present invention provides a system capable of effectively performing the above-described method of screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- a system 1000 for screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease includes a nucleic acid extraction device 100, a nucleic acid sequence determining device 200, and a determining device 300, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- the nucleic acid extraction device 100 is for extracting a nucleic acid sample from a biological sample.
- the type of the nucleic acid sample is not particularly limited.
- the nucleic acid extraction device further includes an RA extraction unit 101 and a reverse transcription unit 102, wherein the extraction unit The 101 is for extracting an RA sample from a biological sample, and the reverse transcription unit 102 is connected to the RA extraction unit 101 for performing a reverse transcription reaction on the RA sample to obtain a cDNA sample, and the obtained cDNA sample constitutes a nucleic acid sample.
- nucleic acid sequence determining device 200 is coupled to nucleic acid extraction device 100 for analyzing a nucleic acid sample to determine a nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid sample.
- the nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid sample can be determined using sequencing methods.
- the nucleic acid sequence determining apparatus 200 may further include: a library construction unit 201 and a sequencing unit 202.
- the library construction unit 201 is configured to construct a nucleic acid sequencing library for the nucleic acid sample; the sequencing unit 202 is connected to the library construction unit 201 for sequencing the nucleic acid sequencing library to obtain a sequencing result composed of a plurality of sequencing data.
- the library construction unit 201 may further include a PCR amplification module (not shown) in which ⁇ « ⁇ is disposed in the PCR amplification module.
- Exon-specific primers for PCR amplification of the nucleic acid sample using exon-specific primers according to a specific embodiment of the invention, SYNJ1 exon-specific primers (for exon 5 of SYNJ1) The sequence) exon has a nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NOS: 3 and 4.
- the sequencing unit 202 may include at least one selected from the group consisting of HISEQ2000, SOLID, 454, and a single molecule sequencing device. Therefore, combined with the latest sequencing technology, high sequencing depth can be achieved for a single site, detection sensitivity and accuracy are greatly improved, and thus the high-throughput and deep sequencing characteristics of these sequencing devices can be utilized to further improve nucleic acid samples. The efficiency of the test analysis. Thereby, the accuracy and accuracy of subsequent analysis of the sequenced data are improved.
- the judging device 300 is connected to the nucleic acid sequence determining device 200, and is adapted to align the nucleic acid sequences of the nucleic acid samples to determine whether the biological sample is easy based on the difference between the nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid sample and SEQ ID NO: 1. Suffering from early onset Parkinson's disease. Specifically, whether the nucleic acid sequence based on the nucleic acid sample has a c.773G>A mutation compared to SEQ ID NO: 1 determines whether the biological sample is susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid sample has a c.773G>A mutation compared to SEQ ID NO: 1, which is an indication that the biological sample is susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the apparatus for aligning the nucleic acid sequence with SEQ ID NO: 1 is not particularly limited, and may be operated by any conventional software, and may be employed according to a specific example of the present invention. The SOAP software is compared.
- the aforementioned method for screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease can be effectively carried out, so that a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease can be effectively screened.
- the invention provides a kit for screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the kit for screening a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease comprises: being suitable for detecting 5 « ⁇ ? A reagent for a gene mutant, wherein compared to SEQ ID NO: 1, the ⁇ « ⁇ ? The gene mutant has a c.773G>A mutation.
- a biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease can be effectively screened.
- the term "agent suitable for detecting mutants of the gene" should be understood in a broad sense, that is, it can be detected ⁇ « ⁇ ?
- the reagent encoding the gene may also be a reagent for detecting a mutant polypeptide, and for example, an antibody recognizing a specific site may be used.
- the reagent is a nucleic acid probe or a primer, and preferably, the nucleic acid probe or primer has a nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 3-4.
- the invention also proposes a construct.
- the construct comprises the isolated nucleic acid encoding the SYNJ1 mutant described above, i.e., the gene mutant of the present invention.
- the recombinant cells obtained by transforming the recipient cells with the construct of the present invention can be effectively used for screening drugs for treating early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- the type of the recipient cell is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an Escherichia coli cell or a mammalian cell, and preferably the recipient cell is derived from a mammal.
- construct refers to a genetic vector comprising a specific nucleic acid sequence and capable of transferring a nucleic acid sequence of interest into a host cell to obtain a recombinant cell.
- the form of the construct is not particularly limited. According to an embodiment of the present invention, it may be at least one of a plasmid, a bacteriophage, an artificial chromosome, a cosmid, a virus, preferably a plasmid.
- the plasmid has the advantages of simple operation, can carry a large fragment, and is easy to handle and handle.
- the form of the plasmid is also not particularly limited, and may be either a circular plasmid or a linear plasmid, i.e., either single-stranded or double-stranded. Those skilled in the art can make choices as needed.
- the term "nucleic acid" as used in the present invention may be any polymer comprising deoxyribonucleotides or ribonucleotides, including but not limited to modified or unmodified DNA, RA, which is not of any length. Special restrictions. For the construct for constructing recombinant cells, it is preferred that the nucleic acid is DNA because DNA is more stable and easier to handle than R A .
- the invention also proposes a recombinant cell.
- the recombinant cells are obtained by transforming recipient cells by the constructs described above.
- the recombinant cell of the present invention is capable of expressing the mutant of the ⁇ « ⁇ / ⁇ gene carried by the construct.
- the drug for treating early-onset Parkinson's disease can be effectively screened by using the recombinant cell of the present invention.
- the kind of the recipient cell is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an Escherichia coli cell, a mammalian cell, and preferably the recipient cell is derived from a non-human mammal.
- the proband is NAPO-16.
- the proband NAPO-16 is a 47-year-old male whose birth and development process are normal, but at the age of 22, he quickly becomes progressive, slow, fatigued, stiff, and struggling. The arm swayed unconsciously and could not work after a few months. In less than a year, his daily life was unable to take care of himself, and at the same time he experienced cognitive decline and dysarthria, and gradually became stuttering within three years. Within two years of these symptoms, the patient received levodopa therapy, but the effect on his dyskinesia was not significant. Due to the disabling side effects, the following jaw defects and foot muscle tone disorders, which in turn affect eating and walking.
- the deep sputum reflex is normal, there is no Babinski sign, no signs of cerebellar dysfunction.
- the unified Parkinson's disease test (UPDRS-III, exercise measurement) score was 78 (up to 108, the higher the score, the more severe the condition).
- Urgent use of 200 mg levodopa failed to improve the condition, which in turn induced mandibular defects, dystonia in the limbs, and low blood pressure (blood pressure from 110/80 to 80/60 mmHg).
- the inventor was unable to do a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) because of severe motor and cognitive impairment. Three years later, he still did not receive treatment, and his clinical symptoms remained basically unchanged.
- MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination
- Patient NAPO-17 a 31-year-old woman, has normal birth and development. At the age of 28, she began to have slow activity, language barriers, difficulty in moving, and unconscious shaking of her right arm. Similar to her brother, her levodopa therapy was terminated by obvious side effects such as jaw defects, foot dystonia, etc. These side effects severely affected her eating and walking.
- the inventor made the first examination for her after 3 years of illness. At that time, she bent down, her gait was shattered, her movements were slow, and her posture reflections were obviously impaired. She does not squint, has a moderate degree of supranuclear vertical visual impairment, but her eyelid function is normal; her tongue and lips have continuous, irregular, small amplitude unconscious cramps.
- the UPDRS-III score has risen to 68 and the MMSE score has fallen to 24.
- the blood biochemical characteristics of both patients were normal.
- the needle electromyogram, sensory, motor conduction, and somatosensory evoked potentials obtained by central nervous and sacral nerve stimulation were not significant in the two patients.
- the motor evoked potentials measured in the upper and lower limbs are normal amplitude values and conduction time values.
- Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) found diffuse cortical atrophy, and the symptoms in patients with NAPO-16 were more severe.
- Hippocampus echo enhancement and midbrain tetrathlon plate thinning were more common in both patients (more pronounced in patients with NAPO-16), and no significant atrophy was seen in the midbrain.
- a SPECT imaging of the patient's NAPO-16 revealed a significant decrease in the concentration of dopamine transporter in the striatum compared with the normal control (V"3 decreased by 87% in the cerebral crust and by 77% in the caudate nucleus.
- FDG-PET imaging revealed a decrease in the basal metabolic rate of the cerebral cortex in both patients, which was more pronounced in the prefrontal, occipital and caudate nucleus areas of the patient's NAPO-16.
- the inventors collected peripheral blood samples from five members of the family of early-onset PD patients (patients NAPO-16 and NAPO-17, normal NAPO-18, NAPO-24, and NAPO-25) and performed the following experiments. .
- the inventor used Illumina HumanOmniExpress BeadChi chip data (730,525 with a spacing of 2.1 kb)
- the inventors used the Agilent SureSelect Human All Exon Kit in combination with Solexa high-throughput sequencing technology to sequence the exon regions of two patients (NAPO-16 and NAPO-17) in the family of early-onset PD patients shown in Figure 2. Sequencing.
- Peripheral blood of 2 patients (NAPO-16 and NAPO-17) in the family of early-onset PD patients as shown in Fig. 2 was collected, and genomic DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes was extracted by conventional phenol-chloroform method, and a spectrophotometer was used. The concentration and purity of the DNA are measured, and the OD 26Q / OD 28Q of each genomic DNA obtained should be between 1.7 and 2.0, and the concentration is not less than 200 ng/ ⁇ l, and the total amount is not less than 30 ⁇ g.
- Each genomic DNA sample was randomly disrupted into a fragment of about 200-300 bp using a sonicator (Covaris S2, Massachusetts, USA), and then the adaptor was ligated to the ends of the fragment to prepare a library according to the manufacturer's instructions (see: http The Illumina/Solexa standard library specification provided at ://www.illumina.com/ is incorporated herein by reference.
- the library was purified and linearly amplified and captured by Ligation-mediated PCR (LM-PCR).
- the reagent SureSelect Biotinylated RNA Library (BAITS) is used for hybridization and enrichment, and then linear amplification by LM-PCR.
- the library is qualified, it can be sequenced on the machine to obtain the original sequencing data.
- the sequencing platform is Illumina Hiseq 2000
- the read length is 90bp
- the average sequencing depth of each sample is at least 50x.
- the raw sequencing data obtained above was processed using Illumina basecalling Software 1.7, and after filtration and decontamination, SOAPaligner/SOAP2 was used (see: Li R, Li Y, Kristiansen K, et al, SOAP: short oligonucleotide alignment program. Bioinformatics 2008 , 24(5): 713-714; Li R, Yu C, Li Y, ea al, SOAP2: an improved ultrafast tool for short read alignment. Bioinformatics 2009, 25(15): 1966-1967, by reference Incorporate into the UCSC human reference genome Hgl8 (snpl29, http://genome.ucsc.edu/) in order to obtain a unique aligned sequence aligned to the genome.
- SNPs single nucleotide polymorphisms
- 11162 insertions/deletions were found in the case of NAPO-16; 62,980 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found in NAPO-17 and Insertion/deletion at 3946.
- the second homozygous mutation is c.773G>A of the SYNJ1 (MIM 604297) gene, and the corresponding amino acid variation is p.Arg258Gln.
- SYNJ1 encodes prominent vesicular phosphatase 1, a phosphoinositide phosphatase protein, which plays an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in the adult brain.
- the alternative splicing of SYNJ1 encodes both the 170 and 145 kDa subtypes of the protein, both of which are expressed in the anterior terminal of the brain. Other subtypes of this protein subtype are also annotated in Genbank.
- the inventors confirmed the homozygous mutation in the above two patients and the heterozygous mutation in the three normal individuals by Sanger sequencing, that is, the mutation was co-segregated from the disease in the family. Moreover, by the Sanger sequencing described above, no new mutations were found in the exon region or the exon-intron boundary region of the gene in the two patients.
- the inventors found that the p.Arg258Gln mutation is absent in the dbSNP129, 1000 genomes and EVS databases, and the mutated amino acid is located in the SAC1 phosphatase domain of the Synj l protein, which is in the Synj l protein and SAC1 phosphatase-like The evolutionary domain is very conservative, indicating the importance of this site for the phosphatase domain.
- the inventors believe that the SYNJ1 gene is highly likely to be a causative gene for early-onset Parkinson's disease, and the c.773G>A mutation of the SYNJ1 gene is a causative mutation in early-onset Parkinson's disease.
- Example 2 Sanger method sequencing verification
- the genome of the peripheral venous blood of the subject was separately extracted according to the method for extracting DNA as described in Example 1.
- PCR amplification products of 2 patients in the above-mentioned family of early-onset Parkinson's disease patients and 3 normal persons in the family obtained in the step 2 were directly subjected to DNA sequencing. Among them, sequencing was performed using an ABI Prism 3130XL type sequencer.
- NAPO-16 and NAPO-17 in the family of patients with early-onset Parkinson's disease were c.773G>A homozygous mutations, and the patient's mother (NAPO-18) and the other two phenotypes were normal.
- Members (NAPO-24 and NAPO-25) are heterozygous carriers of the corresponding mutations.
- Figure 3 shows the Sanger sequencing of the ⁇ . ⁇ / ⁇ gene c.773G>A mutation site in the above-mentioned family of patients with early-onset Parkinson's disease and the normal person in the family and the control (normal outside the family). Peak map.
- a primer for the c.773G>A mutation (located in exon 5) of the gene for screening biological samples susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease wherein the primers are exon-specific primers of the SYNJ1 gene, and the sequences thereof are implemented.
- SEQ ID NO: 3-4 is shown in Example 1.
- the specific step of screening the biological sample susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease by using the above kit is: extracting the DNA of the test subject according to the method described in the step 1 of Example 2, using the extracted DNA as a template and the above SYNJ1 gene.
- Exon-specific primers are subjected to a PCR reaction, and the PCR product is purified according to a conventional method in the art, and the purified product is sequenced, and then the sequence obtained by observing the sequence has a c.773G>A mutation, which can effectively detect the present invention.
- the SYNJ1 gene mutant of the invention exists in the DNA of the test subject can effectively detect whether the test subject is susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease, and further, can select the susceptible early-onset Parkinson from the test subject.
- the mutant of the present invention can be effectively applied to screening biological samples susceptible to early-onset Parkinson's disease, that is, by detecting the presence or absence of the mutant in a biological sample, it is possible to effectively detect whether the biological sample is susceptible. Early onset Parkinson's disease.
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Abstract
提供了SYNJ1基因突变体及其应用,具体涉及分离的编码SYNJ1突变体的核酸,分离的多肽,筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的方法,筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的系统,用于筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的试剂盒,以及构建体和重组细胞。其中,该分离的编码SYNJ1突变体的核酸,与SEQ ID NO:1相比,具有c.773G>A突变。
Description
SYNJ1基因突变体及其应用
优先权信息
无 技术领域
本发明涉及 ^ 基因突变体及其应用。 具体地, 本发明涉及分离编码 ^WJ?突 变体的核酸, 分离的多肽, 筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的方法, 筛选易患早发 性帕金森病的生物样品的系统, 用于筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的试剂盒, 构 建体以及重组细胞。 背景技术
帕金森病 (Parkinson's disease, PD )是一种中枢神经系统退行性疾病, 其早期的症 状多与运动相关, 包括颤抖、 僵硬、 行动迟缓和走路困难。 其后, 思维和行为能力开始 出现问题。 随着病情发展, 后期多出现痴呆症状, 而抑郁症是最常见的症状, 其他症状 包括感官、 睡眠和情绪方面的问题。 PD多发于年老群体, 患者平均发病年龄在 60岁以 上。 尽管如此, 有超过 10%的 PD患者年龄在 40岁以下。 这类发病年龄在 40岁以下的 帕金森病, 被称为 "早发性帕金森病" 。 早发性帕金森病的症状与一般帕金森病类似, 其发展速度、 症状严重程度均因人而异。 由于早发性、 带有其他临床症状 (痴呆等) 、 非典型性致病机理等原因, 早发性 PD患者临床表现多样化, 在不同家系之间甚至在同 一家系的不同患者之间, 都存在较大的表型差异, 其临床诊断及治疗困难。
挖掘早发性帕金森病的致病基因并研究其致病机理, 能够有效辅助临床诊断及治 疗, 意义重大。 现阶段, 已由多种基因被证实与早发性 PD的发病相关, 但仍存在着相 当一部分未知致病基因及致病位点。
因而, 目前对早发性帕金森病的研究仍有待深入。 发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此, 本发明的一个目的在 于提出一种能够有效筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的方法。
本发明是基于发明人的下列工作完成的: 发明人通过全基因组纯合子 Mapping 结 合全外显子组测序, 以及 Sanger测序验证的方法确定了早发性帕金森病的新的致病基 因一一 SYNJ1基因, 以及确定位于该基因 5号外显子的 c.773G>A的突变为致病突变。
根据本发明的第一方面, 本发明提出了一种分离的编码 SYNJ1 突变体的核酸。 根 据本发明的实施例, 所述核酸与 SEQ ID NO : 1相比, 具有 c.773G>A突变, 即相对于 野生型 SYNJ1基因, 本发明的^ 基因突变体的第 773位碱基从 G突变为 A。 根据 本发明的实施例, 发明人确定了 SYNJ1 基因的新突变体, 该突变体与早发性帕金森病
的发病密切相关, 从而通过检测该新突变体在生物样品中是否存在, 可以有效地检测生 物样品是否易患早发性帕金森病。
根据本发明的第二方面, 本发明提出了一种分离的多肽。 根据本发明的实施例, 与 SEQ ID NO: 2相比,所述分离的多肽具有 p.Arg258Gln突变,即该突变是由于 c.773G>A 突变而引起的, 具体地, 该突变表示: 该分离的多肽, 由于野生型 SYNJ1 的第 258位 的 Arg突变为 Gln。 通过检测生物样品中是否表达该多肽, 可以有效地检测生物样品是 否易患早发性帕金森病。
根据本发明的第三方面,本发明提出了一种筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的 方法。 根据本发明的实施例, 该方法包括以下步骤: 从所述生物样品提取核酸样本; 确 定所述核酸样本的核酸序列; 所述核酸样本的核酸序列与 SEQ ID NO : 1 相比, 具有 c.773G>A突变是所述生物样品易患早发性帕金森病的指示。 通过根据本发明实施例的 筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的方法,可以有效地筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生 物样品。
根据本发明的第四方面,本发明提出了一种筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的 系统。 根据本发明的实施例, 该系统包括: 核酸提取装置, 所述核酸提取装置用于从所 述生物样品提取核酸样本; 核酸序列确定装置, 所述核酸序列确定装置与所述核酸提取 装置相连, 用于对所述核酸样本进行分析, 以便确定所述核酸样本的核酸序列; 判断装 置, 所述判断装置与所述核酸序列确定装置相连, 以便基于所述核酸样本的核酸序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1相比, 是否具有 c.773G>A突变, 判断所述生物样品是否易患早发性帕 金森病。利用该系统,能够有效地实施前述筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的方法, 从而可以有效地筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品。
根据本发明的第五方面,本发明提出了一种用于筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样 品的试剂盒。 根据本发明的实施例, 该试剂盒含有: 适于检测 SYNJ1 基因突变体的试 剂, 其中与 SEQ ID NO : 1相比, 该^ 基因突变体具有 c.773G>A突变。 利用根据 本发明的实施例的试剂盒, 能够有效地筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品。
根据本发明的第六方面, 本发明还提出了一种构建体。 根据本发明的实施例, 该构 建体包含前面所述的分离的编码 SYNJ1 突变体的核酸。 由此, 利用本发明的构建体转 化受体细胞获得的重组细胞, 能够有效地用于筛选治疗早发性帕金森病的药物。
根据本发明的第七方面, 本发明还提出了一种重组细胞。 根据本发明的实施例, 该 重组细胞是通过前面所述的构建体转化受体细胞而获得的。 根据本发明的一些实施例, 利用本发明的重组细胞, 能够有效地筛选治疗早发性帕金森病的药物。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得 明显, 或通过本发明的实践了解到。 附图说明
本发明的上述和 /或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明
显和容易理解, 其中:
图 1 显示了根据本发明实施例的筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的系统及其 组成部分的示意图, 其中,
图 1A 为根据本发明实施例的筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的系统的示意 图,
图 1B为根据本发明实施例的核酸提取装置的示意图,
图 1 C为根据本发明实施例的核酸序列确定装置的示意图;
图 2显示了根据本发明一个实施例的早发性帕金森病患者家系的家系图; 图 3显示了根据本发明的一个实施例,早发性帕金森病患者家系中患者及家系内正 常人的 SYNJ1基因 c.773G>A突变位点的 Sanger测序验证峰图。 发明详细描述
下面详细描述本发明的实施例, 所述实施例的示例在附图中示出, 其中自始至终相 同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附 图描述的实施例是示例性的, 仅用于解释本发明, 而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
SYNJ1基因突变体
根据本发明的第一方面, 本发明提出了一种分离的编码 SYNJ1 突变体的核酸。 根 据本发明的实施例, 所述核酸与 SEQ ID NO : 1相比, 具有 c.773G>A突变。 在本文中 所使用的表达方式 "编码 SYNJ1突变体的核酸" , 是指与编码 SYNJ1突变体的基因相 对应的核酸物质, 即核酸的类型不受特别限制, 可以是任何包含与 SYNJ1 突变体的编 码基因相对应的脱氧核糖核苷酸和 /或核糖核苷酸的聚合物, 包括但不限于 DNA、 RNA 或 cDNA。根据本发明的一个具体示例,前面所述的编码 SYNJ1突变体的核酸为 DNA。 根据本发明的实施例, 发明人确定了 SYNJ1 基因的突变体, 该突变体与早发性帕金森 病的发病密切相关, 从而通过检测该突变体在生物样品中是否存在, 可以有效地检测生 物样品是否易患早发性帕金森病, 也可以通过检测该突变体在生物体中是否存在, 可以 有效地预测生物体是否易患早发性帕金森病。 其中, 当 c.773G>A突变在生物体中为纯 合突变时, 可以预测该生物体罹患早发性帕金森病的可能性更大。
对于本发明说明书和权利要求书中, 提及核酸, 本领域技术人员应当理解, 实际包 括互补双链的任意一条, 或者两条。 为了方便, 在本说明书和权利要求书中, 虽然多数 情况下只给出了一条链, 但实际上也公开了与之互补的另一条链。 例如, 提及 SEQ ID ΝΟ: 1 , 实际包括其互补序列。 本领域技术人员还可以理解, 利用一条链可以检测另一 条链, 反之亦然。
该编码 SYNJ1突变体的核酸, 是本申请的发明人通过全基因组纯合子 Mapping结 合全基因组外显子组测序, 以及 Sanger测序验证的方法确定的早发性帕金森病的新的 致病基因, 其携带的 c.773G>A的致病突变位于该基因 5号外显子中。 该致病基因及突 变位点在现有技术中并未被提到。
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GGACTTTACAGAAAGATAA (SEQ ID NO: 其编码的蛋白质具有如下所示的氨基酸序列:
LPSRRPPPPPVPLLPPGTSPPVDPFTTLASKASPTLDFTER (SEQ ID NO: 2)。 发明人发现的新的新突变体与 SEQ ID NO: 1相比, 具有 c.773G>A突变, 即相对 于野生型^ 基因, 本发明的 ^ 基因突变体的第 773位碱基从 G突变为 A。 由 此, 其所编码的产物与野生型的 SYNJ1相比, 具有 p.Arg258Gln突变, 即该突变是由 于 c.773G>A突变而引起的, 具体地, 该突变表示: 野生型 SYNJ1 的第 258位的 Arg 突变为 Gln。
^WJ?基因编码突出小泡磷酸酶 1 ( SYNJ1 ) , 其是一种磷酸肌醇磷酸酶蛋白, 在 成人大脑内网格蛋白介导的内吞作用中起重要作用。 SYNJ1 的可变剪接编码了该蛋白 的 170和 145kDa两种亚型, 这两种亚型均在大脑的突出前终端有表达。 而该蛋白亚型 的其他亚型在 Genbank中也有注释。 目前, 尚未有 ^WJ? 的突变会引起早发性帕金森 病的相关报道, EVS外显子数据库中也未发现本发明的 ^WJ?基因突变位点 c.C2671T。
根据本发明的第二方面, 本发明提出了一种分离的多肽。 根据本发明的实施例, 与 野生型 SYNJ1相比, 该分离的多肽具有 p.Arg258Gln突变, 即该突变是由于 C.C2671T 的无义突变而引起的, 具体地, 该突变表示: 该分离的多肽野生型 SYNJ1 的第 891位 Gin氨基酸突变为终止密码子, 翻译提前终止。 根据本发明的一些具体示例, 该多肽是 由前述分离的编码 SYNJ1突变体的核酸编码的。 通过检测生物样品中是否表达该多肽, 可以有效地检测生物样品是否易患早发性帕金森病,也可以通过检测这些多肽在生物体 中是否存在, 可以有效地预测生物体是否易患早发性帕金森病。 其中, 当 p.Arg258Gln 突变在生物体中为纯合突变, 即当生物体中仅存在具有 p.Arg258Gln突变的 SYNJ1 突 变蛋白, 不表达野生型 SYNJ1 蛋白时, 可以预测该生物体罹患早发性帕金森病的可能 性更大。
根据本发明的第三方面,本发明提出了一种筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的 方法。 根据本发明的实施例, 该方法包括以下步骤:
从所述生物样品提取核酸样本。根据本发明的实施例, 生物样品的类型并不受特别 限制, 只要从该生物样品中能够提取到反映生物样品 SYNJ1 是否存在突变的核酸样本 即可。 根据本发明的实施例, 生物样品可以为选自人体血液、 皮肤、 皮下组织的至少一 种, 优选外周血。 由此, 可以方便地进行取样和检测, 从而能够进一步提高筛选易患早
发性帕金森病的生物样品的效率。根据本发明的实施例,这里所使用的术语"核酸样本" 应做广义理解, 其可以是任何能够反映生物样品中 SYNJ1 是否存在突变的样本, 例如 可以是从生物样品中直接提取的全基因组 DNA, 也可以是该全基因组中包含 ^WJ?编 码序列的一部分, 可以是从生物样品中提取的总 RNA, 也可以是从生物样品中提取的 mRNA。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述核酸样本为全基因组 DNA。 由此, 可以扩大 生物样品的来源范围, 并且可以同时对生物样品的多种信息进行确定, 从而能够提高筛 选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的效率。另外,根据本发明的实施例,针对采用 RNA 作为核酸样本,从生物样品提取核酸样本可以进一步包括: 从生物样品提取 RNA样本, 优选 RNA样本为 mRNA; 以及基于所得到的 RNA样本, 通过反转录反应, 获得 cDNA 样本, 所得到的 cDNA样本构成核酸样本。 由此, 可以进一步提高利用 RNA作为核酸 样本筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的效率。
接下来, 在得到核酸样本之后, 可以对核酸样本进行分析, 从而能够确定所得到核 酸样本的核酸序列。根据本发明的实施例, 确定所得到核酸样本的核酸序列的方法和设 备并不受特别限制。 根据本发明的具体实施例, 可以通过测序方法, 确定核酸样本的核 酸序列。 根据本发明的实施例, 可以用于进行测序的方法和设备并不受特别限制。 根据 本发明的实施例, 可以采用第二代测序技术, 也可以采用第三代以及第四代或者更先进 的测序技术。 根据本发明的具体示例, 可以利用选自 Hiseq2000、 SOLID , 454和单分 子测序装置的至少一种对核酸序列进行测序。 由此, 结合最新的测序技术, 针对单个位 点可以达到较高的测序深度, 检测灵敏度和准确性大大提高, 因而能够利用这些测序装 置的高通量、 深度测序的特点, 进一步提高对核酸样本进行检测分析的效率。 从而, 能 够提高后续对测序数据进行分析时的精确性和准确度。 由此, 根据本发明的实施例, 确 定核酸样本的核酸序列可以进一步包括: 首先, 针对所得到的核酸样本, 构建核酸测序 文库; 以及对所得到的核酸测序文库进行测序, 以便获得由多个测序数据构成的测序结 果。 根据本发明的一些实施例, 可以采用选自 Hiseq2000、 SOLID, 454和单分子测序 装置的至少一种对所得到的核酸测序文库进行测序。 另外, 根据本发明的实施例, 可以 对核酸样本进行筛选, 富集 SYNJ1 外显子, 该筛选富集可以在构建测序文库之前, 构 建测序文库过程中, 或者构建测序文库之后进行。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 针对核酸 样本, 构建核酸测序文库进一步包括: 利用 SYNJ1 外显子特异性引物, 对核酸样本进 行 PCR扩增; 以及针对所得到的扩增产物, 构建核酸测序文库。 由此, 可以通过 PCR 扩增, 富集 SYNJ1外显子 (尤其是第 5号外显子的序列) , 从而能够进一步提高筛选 易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的效率。根据本发明的实施例, ^WJ?外显子特异性引 物的序列不受特别限制, 根据本发明的优选实施例, 这些^ 外显子特异性引物(针 对 SYNJ1的 5号外显子的序列) 具有 SEQ ID NO : 3和 4所示的核苷酸序列:
TCTCGTTTTATAGCCCTATC AAGGCCCATAAGTAACCAAG TTCTGATCC(SEQ ID NO: 3) AACAATC(SEQ ID NO: 4) 发明人惊奇地发现, 通过采用这些引物, 可以在 PCR反应体系中通过显著有效地完成 对 «\^外显子的扩增。 需要说明的是, 这些 SEQ ID NO: 3禾 B SEQ ID NO: 4所示的核苷 酸序列是本发明的发明人在付出了艰苦的劳动后, 意外获得的。
关于针对核酸样本, 构建测序文库的方法和流程, 本领域技术人员可以根据不同的测 序技术进行适当选择,关于流程的细节,可以参见测序仪器的厂商例如 Illumina公司所提供 的规程, 例如参见 Illumina 公司 Multiplexing Sample Preparation Guide (Part#1005361; Feb 2010)或 Paired-End SamplePrep Guide (Part# 1005063; Feb 2010), 通过参照将其并入本文。 根据本发明的实施例, 从生物样品提取核酸样本的方法和设备, 也不受特别限制, 可以采 用商品化的核酸提取试剂盒进行。
需要说明的是, 在这里所使用的术语 "核酸序列"应作广义理解, 其可以是在对核酸 样本进行测序得到的测序数据进行组装后, 得到的完整的核酸序列信息, 也可以是直接采 用通过对核酸样本进行测序所得到的测序数据 (reads) 作为核酸序列, 只要这些核酸序列 中含有对应^«\^?的编码序列即可。
最后, 在确定核酸样本的核酸序列之后, 将所得到的核酸样本的核酸序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1的序列相比对。如果在所得到的核酸序列中具有 c.773G>A突变, 则指示生物样品易 患早发性帕金森病。 其中, 当 c.773G>A突变在生物样品中为纯合突变时, 可以预测该生物 样品罹患早发性帕金森病的可能性更大。 由此, 通过根据本发明实施例的筛选易患早发性 帕金森病的生物样品的方法, 可以有效地筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品。 根据本发 明的实施例, 对核酸序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1进行比对的方法和设备并不受特别限制, 可以采 用任意常规的软件进行操作, 根据本发明的具体实例, 可以采用 SOAP软件进行比对。
需要说明的是, 根据本发明实施例的 "筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的方法" 的用途不受特别限制, 例如可以用作非诊断目的的筛选方法。 筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的系统和试剂盒
根据本发明的第四方面, 本发明提出了一种能够有效实施上述筛选易患早发性帕金森 病的生物样品的方法的系统。
参考图 1, 根据本发明的实施例, 该筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的系统 1000 包括核酸提取装置 100、 核酸序列确定装置 200以及判断装置 300。
根据本发明的实施例, 核酸提取装置 100用于从生物样品提取核酸样本。 如前所述, 根据本发明的实施例, 核酸样本的类型并不受特别限制, 对于采用 R A作为核酸样本, 则 核酸提取装置进一步包括 R A提取单元 101和反转录单元 102, 其中, 提取单元 101用于 从生物样品提取 R A样本, 反转录单元 102与 R A提取单元 101相连, 用于对 R A样本 进行反转录反应, 以便获得 cDNA样本, 所得到的 cDNA样本构成核酸样本。
根据本发明的实施例, 核酸序列确定装置 200与核酸提取装置 100相连, 用于对核酸 样本进行分析, 以便确定核酸样本的核酸序列。 如前所示, 可以采用测序的方法确定核酸 样本的核酸序列。 由此, 根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述核酸序列确定装置 200可以进一 步包括: 文库构建单元 201以及测序单元 202。 文库构建单元 201用于针对核酸样本, 构建 核酸测序文库; 测序单元 202与文库构建单元 201相连, 用于对核酸测序文库进行测序, 以便获得由多个测序数据构成的测序结果。 如前所述, 可以通过 PCR扩增, 富集^«\^/^外 显子, 进一步提高筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的效率。 由此, 文库构建单元 201 可以进一步包括 PCR扩增模块 (图中未示出), 在该 PCR扩增模块中设置有^«\^?外显子 特异性引物, 以便利用 外显子特异性引物, 对所述核酸样本进行 PCR扩增, 根据本 发明的具体实施例, SYNJ1外显子特异性引物 (针对 SYNJ1的 5号外显子的序列) 号外显 子) 具有如 SEQ ID NO: 3和 4所示的核苷酸序列。 根据本发明的实施例, 测序单元 202 可以包括选自 HISEQ2000、 SOLID, 454和单分子测序装置的至少一种。 由此, 结合最新的 测序技术, 针对单个位点可以达到较高的测序深度, 检测灵敏度和准确性大大提高, 因而 能够利用这些测序装置的高通量、 深度测序的特点, 进一步提高对核酸样本进行检测分析 的效率。 从而, 提高后续对测序数据进行分析时的精确性和准确度。
根据本发明的实施例, 判断装置 300与核酸序列确定装置 200相连, 适于将核酸样本 的核酸序列进行比对, 以便基于核酸样本的核酸序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1的区别判断生物样品 是否易患早发性帕金森病。 具体地, 基于核酸样本的核酸序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1相比, 是否 具有 c.773G>A突变, 判断生物样品是否易患早发性帕金森病。 其中, 当 c.773G>A突变在 生物样品中为纯合突变时, 可以判断该生物样品罹患早发性帕金森病的可能性更大。 如前 所述,根据本发明的一个实施例,核酸样本的核酸序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1相比,具有 c.773G>A 突变, 是生物样品易患早发性帕金森病的指示。 如前所述, 根据本发明的实施例, 对核酸 序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1进行比对的设备并不受特别限制,可以采用任意常规的软件进行操作, 根据本发明的具体实例, 可以采用 SOAP软件进行比对。
由此, 利用该系统, 能够有效地实施前述筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的方法, 从而可以有效地筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品。
根据本发明的第五方面, 本发明提出了一种用于筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品 的试剂盒。 根据本发明的实施例, 该用于筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的试剂盒包 括: 适于检测5«\^?基因突变体的试剂, 其中与 SEQ ID NO: 1相比, 该^«\^?基因突变 体具有 c.773G>A突变。利用根据本发明的实施例的试剂盒, 能够有效地筛选易患早发性帕 金森病的生物样品。 其中, 当 c.773G>A突变在生物样品中为纯合突变时, 可以判断该生物 样品罹患早发性帕金森病的可能性更大。 在本文中, 所使用的术语 "适于检测 ^ J?基因 突变体的试剂 "应做广义理解, 即可以是检测^«\^?编码基因的试剂, 也可以是检测^«^ 突变体多肽的试剂, 例如可以采用识别特异性位点的抗体。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 所 述试剂为核酸探针或引物, 优选地, 所述核酸探针或引物具有如 SEQ ID NO: 3-4所示的核 苷酸序列。 由此, 可以高效地筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品。
需要说明的是, 在本文前面筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的方法部分中所描述 的特征和优点, 同样适用于筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的系统或者试剂盒, 在此 不再赘述。 构建体及重组细胞
根据本发明的第六方面, 本发明还提出了一种构建体。 根据本发明的实施例, 该构建 体包含前面所述的分离的编码 SYNJ1突变体的核酸,即本发明的 基因突变体。由此, 利用本发明的构建体转化受体细胞获得的重组细胞, 能够有效地用于筛选治疗早发性帕金 森病的药物。 其中, 所述受体细胞的种类不受特别限制, 例如可以为大肠杆菌细胞、 哺乳 动物细胞, 优选该受体细胞来源于哺乳动物。
在本发明中所使用的术语 "构建体"是指这样的一种遗传载体, 其包含特定核酸序列, 并且能够将目的核酸序列转入宿主细胞中, 以获得重组细胞。 根据本发明的实施例, 构建 体的形式不受特别限制。 根据本发明的实施例, 其可以为质粒、 噬菌体、 人工染色体、 粘 粒 (Cosmid)、 病毒的至少一种, 优选质粒。 质粒作为遗传载体, 具有操作简单, 可以携带 较大片段的性质, 便于操作和处理。 质粒的形式也不受特别限制, 既可以是环形质粒, 也 可以是线性质粒, 即可以是单链的, 也可以是双链的。 本领域技术人员可以根据需要进行 选择。 在本发明中所使用的术语 "核酸"可以是任何包含脱氧核糖核苷酸或者核糖核苷酸 的聚合物, 包括但不限于经过修饰的或者未经修饰的 DNA、 R A, 其长度不受任何特别限 制。对于用于构建重组细胞的构建体,优选所述核酸为 DNA, 因为 DNA相对于 R A而言, 其更稳定, 并且易于操作。
根据本发明的第七方面, 本发明还提出了一种重组细胞。 根据本发明的实施例, 该重 组细胞是通过前面所述的构建体转化受体细胞而获得的。 从而, 本发明的重组细胞能够表 达构建体所携带的^«\ /^基因突变体。 根据本发明的一些实施例, 利用本发明的重组细胞, 能够有效地筛选治疗早发性帕金森病的药物。 根据本发明的实施例, 受体细胞的种类不受 特别限制, 例如可以为大肠杆菌细胞、 哺乳动物细胞, 优选所述受体细胞来源于非人哺乳 动物。 下面将结合实施例对本发明的方案进行解释。 本领域技术人员将会理解, 下面的实施 例仅用于说明本发明, 而不应视为限定本发明的范围。 实施例中未注明具体技术或条件的, 按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件(例如参考 J.萨姆布鲁克等著, 黄培堂等译的《分 子克隆实验指南》, 第三版, 科学出版社) 或者按照产品说明书进行。 所用试剂或仪器未注 明生产厂商者, 均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品, 例如可以采购自 Illumina公司。
实施例 1 确定早发性 PD致病基因
1、 样本收集
发明人收集到一个近亲结婚的意大利早发性帕金森病 (在本文中有时也简称为早发性
表示女性患者, 0表示表现正常的已逝男性。 先证者为 NAPO-16。
如图 2所示, 在该家系中, 第三代的两个健康的堂兄妹结婚, 共育有 1子 3女, 其中 两个患上了一种进行性神经疾病。 且上几代均无神经类疾病病史, 揭示有可能是常染色体 隐性遗传病。
其中, 先证者 NAPO-16是一名 47岁的男性, 其出生和发育过程都很正常, 但在 22岁 时, 他很快变得进行性的行动迟缓, 疲劳, 下肢僵硬, 步履艰难, 手臂无意识地晃动, 几 个月后已经无法工作。 不到一年, 他的日常生活无法自理, 同时出现了认知力下降和构音 障碍, 三年内逐渐变得口吃。 在这些症状出现的两年内, 该患者就接受了左旋多巴疗法, 但对其运动障碍的疗效不明显。 由于产生了致残性的副作用, 如下颌骨缺损和足肌肉张力 障碍, 这些残疾进而影响进食和行走。
发明人第一次为先证者 NAPO-16检查的时候, 距离第一次发病已有 25年之久。 此时 他弯着腰, 行动困难和迈步细碎, 四肢僵化, 左侧尤为明显。 身体条件反射能力受损。 两 手均有张力障碍, 左侧比右侧严重。 在患者休息或者活动的时候, 上肢均存在不规则、 大 幅度的震颤。 面部肌肉也能观察到大幅度无意识地抽筋现象。 该患者目不斜视, 其眼睑存 在功能障碍, 有明显的核上性垂直视觉障碍 (向下比向上看更困难)。 患者还存在轻微的吞 咽困难, 只能吃半流体食物。 其深部腱反射正常, 无巴彬斯基征, 无小脑功能紊乱迹象。 统一帕金森病测定 (UPDRS-III,运动量测定)得分为 78 (最高为 108,得分越高,病情越重)。 紧急使用 200mg左旋多巴未能改善病情, 反而诱发了下颌骨缺损、 四肢肌张力障碍和低血 压 (血压从 110/80降至 80/60mmHg)。 由于患者有严重的行动和认知障碍, 发明人无法做 细微精神状态分级 (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE)。 三年后, 他仍未接受治疗, 其临床症状也基本未变。
患者 NAPO-17, 是一个 31岁的女性, 其出生和发育皆正常。 28岁时, 她开始出现活 动迟缓, 语言障碍, 行动困难, 右臂无意识地晃动。 与其兄类似, 对她的左旋多巴疗法因 明显的副作用如下颌骨缺损, 足肌张力障碍等而终止, 这些副作用严重影响她的进食和行 走。 发明人为其做第一次检查是在她发病 3年以后。 当时她弯着腰、 步态细碎、 行动缓慢, 姿势反射明显受损。 她目不斜视, 有中等程度的核上性垂直视觉障碍, 但眼睑功能正常; 舌头和嘴唇有连续、 不规则、 小幅度的无意识抽筋现象。 在活动或者其他时候, 右臂会发 生间歇性的大幅度震颤。 患者存在中等程度的轴向性和四肢僵硬 (左侧更为明显); 手足均存 在张力障碍 (同样是左侧比右侧更严重)。 患者 NAPO-17还存在明显的构音障碍、 低血压 和轻微的吞咽困难, 因而她食用半流体食物。 其深部腱反射强烈, 但没有巴彬斯基征, 也 没有小脑功能紊乱迹象。 UPDRS-III 评分为 57, 跟其兄一样, 紧急施用 200mg左旋多巴 在下颌缺损部位和足部均诱发了严重的肌张力障碍。 其血压由 110/70降到 70/50mmHg, 患 者 MMSE得分为 26 (得分越低, 认知能力越低)。 三年后, 她仍然没有服用抗帕金森药物,
发明人观察到她的帕金森症状恶化, 如出现躯体肌肉无力, 核上性直视麻痹。 此时她的
UPDRS-III得分已经上升至 68, MMSE评分降至 24。
上述两个患者测血液生化特性都正常。 另外, 两个患者的针刺肌电图、 感官、 运动神 经传导、 用中枢神经和胫骨神经刺激得到的体感诱发电位等指标均不显著。 与此类似, 在 上下肢中测得的运动诱发电位为正常幅度值和传导时间值。大脑磁共振成像(MRI)发现扩 散性脑皮层萎縮, 患者 NAPO-16中的症状更为严重。 在两个患者中均发现了海马体回声增 强和中脑四叠体板变薄 (患者 NAPO-16 中更为显著), 中脑被盖未见显著萎縮。 对患者 NAPO-16 进行 SPECT成像检查发现, 与正常对照相比, 在纹状体中, 其多巴胺转运体的 浓度显著下降 (V"3在脑壳中下降 87%, 在尾状核中下降 77%)。 另外, FDG-PET成像发现 两个患者中存在大脑皮层基础代谢率减退, 在患者 NAPO-16的额前、 顶枕和尾状核区域更 为明显。
发明人收集获得上述早发型 PD患者家系中的 5个成员 (患者 NAPO-16和 NAPO-17, 表现正常的 NAPO-18、 NAPO-24和 NAPO-25 ) 的外周血样本, 并进行下述实验。
2、 全基因组纯合子 Mapping
发明人用 Illumina HumanOmniExpress BeadChi 芯片数据 (间隔为 2.1 kb 的 730,525
SNPs)对该家系的上述 5个样品进行了全基因组纯合子 Mapping,数据用 ALLEGRO(version 1.2c)通过 EasyLinkage Plus v.5.08做连锁分析分析, marker 间隔为 0.3cM。 我们选择为常染 色体隐性 -纯合模型, 设置该病等位基因频率为 0.0001 并假定完全外显。 用 Nexus Copy Number, Discovery Edition, ver. 7 (BioDiscovery, El Segundo, CA)进一步分析位于连锁区域内 的纯合子片段。 结果, 发明人找出了 5个 00>2的 纯合区域, 其分别位于 4、 7、 16、 19、 21号染色体上。 这些纯合区域存在于两个患者中, 而在另外 3个健康家庭成员中不存在。
3、 全外显子组测序
发明人利用 Agilent SureSelect Human All Exon Kit结合 Solexa高通量测序技术, 对图 2 所示的早发性 PD患者家系中的 2名患者 (NAPO-16和 NAPO-17) 的外显子区域序列进行 了测序。
具体如下:
3.1 DNA提取
采集图 2所示早发性 PD患者家系中的 2名患者 (NAPO-16和 NAPO-17) 的外周血, 利用常规酚-氯仿法抽提外周血白细胞中的基因组 DNA, 并利用分光光度计测量 DNA的浓 度及纯度, 所得各基因组 DNA的 OD26Q/OD28Q均应位于 1.7-2.0之间, 浓度不少于 200纳克 /微升, 总量不少于 30微克。
3.2 外显子捕获与测序
利用超声波仪 (CovarisS2, Massachusetts, USA) 将各基因组 DNA 样本随机打断成 200-300bp左右的片段, 随后按照制造商提供的操作说明书, 在片段两端分别连接上接头制 备文库 (可参见: http://www.illumina.com/提供的 Illumina/Solexa标准建库说明书, 通过参 照将其全文并入本文)。文库经纯化后经过 Ligation-mediated PCR (LM-PCR)的线性扩增与捕
获试剂 SureSelect Biotinylated RNA Library (BAITS)进行杂交富集, 再经过 LM-PCR的线性 扩增, 文库检测合格后即可上机测序, 以便获得原始测序数据。 其中, 测序平台为 Illumina Hiseq 2000, 读取长度为 90bp, 各样本的平均测序深度最少为 50x。
3.3、 变异检测、 注释及数据库比较
利用 Illumina basecalling Software 1.7对上述获得的原始测序数据进行处理, 经过过滤 去污染后, 使用 SOAPaligner/SOAP2 (可参见: Li R, Li Y, Kristiansen K, et al, SOAP: short oligonucleotide alignment program. Bioinformatics 2008, 24(5):713-714; Li R, Yu C, Li Y, ea al, SOAP2:an improved ultrafast tool for short read alignment.Bioinformatics 2009, 25(15):1966-1967,通过参照将其全文并入本文)比对到 UCSC人类参考基因组 Hgl8(snpl29, http://genome.ucsc.edu/), 以便获得比对到基因组上的唯一比对序列。 然后利用 SOAPsnp (可 参见: Li R, Li Y, Fang X, Yang H, et al, SNP detection for massively parallel whole-genome resequencing.Genome Res 2009, 19(6): 1124-1132, 通过参照将其全文并入本文)确定靶区域的 基因型。
结果, 在这些样本中, 发明人发现: 对于^«\^/^基因来讲, 在患者 Π:4中发现有 29个 单核苷酸多态性 (SNPs)和 12处的插入 /缺失, 在患者 ΠΙ:2中发现有 30个 SNP和 13处的
Indels 。 随 后 通 过 dbSNP 数 据 库
( http://hgdownload.cse.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/hgl 9/database/snp 135.txt.gz. )、 HapMa 数据库
( ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/hapmap ) 千 人 基 因 组 数 据 库
( ftp://ftp.1000genomes.ebi.ac.uk/voll/ftp)、 炎黄数据库 ( http://yh.genomics.org.cn/) 等公共 数据库的过滤, 去掉所有已知的且在数据库中等位基因频率大于 0.005的变异。
结果, 在病例 NAPO-16中发现有 65860个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs) 和 11162处的 插 入 /缺失; 在 NAPO-17中发现有 62980个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs) 和 3946处的插入 /缺失。 随后通过 dbSNP数据库 ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/SNP/snp_summary.cgi ) , 千人 基因组数据库(www.1000genomes.org/ ), HapMap 8数据库 ( htt ://hapma .ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ ) 等公共数据库的过滤, 去掉所有已知的且在数据库中等位基因频率大于 0.005的变异。去掉 所有已知变异。 同时利用两个患者的母亲 (表现正常的 NAPO-16) 的外显子组测序 (方法 同前述的步骤 3 ) 的结果进行过滤, 并利用 SIFT软件进行 SNP功能预测, 最终得到多个杂 合可能具有致病意义的 de novo SNP位点。
4、 外显子组测序分析结果和全基因组纯合子 Mapping结果综合分析
结合上述获得的外显子组测序分析结果和全基因组纯合子 Mapping结果, 进行进一步 的突变排查与分析, 具体如下:
结合外显子组测序分析结果, 我们在全基因组纯合子 Mapping获得的 5个纯合区段中 找到了两个纯合外显子区 /剪接位点突变。 这两个纯合突变为两个患者共有, 在 dbSNP129 禾口 1000 genomes project中不存在。 第一个是 ZNF439上的 c.931C>T, 相应的氨基酸突变是 p.Arg311Cys。 该突变经过 Sanger验证, 不存在于公共数据库中。 但根据多种软件的预测结 果, 该突变不具有致病性 (sift除外, 其预测分值为 0.05, 为临界点值) (表 2)。 尽管该基
因 编 码 的 蛋 白 的 功 能 尚 属 未 知 , 但 在 exome variant server(EVS , http ://evs.gs.washington.edu/EVS/)找到了很多该基因的常见和罕见突变。 据此, 我们认为 ZNF439不是早发性帕金森病的致病基因。
第二个纯合突变是 SYNJ1 (MIM 604297)基因的 c.773G>A, 其相应的氨基酸变异是 p.Arg258Gln。 已知, SYNJ1 编码突出小泡磷酸酶 1, 一种磷酸肌醇磷酸酶蛋白, 在成人大 脑内网格蛋白介导的内吞作用中其重要作用。 SYNJ1 的可变剪接编码了该蛋白的 170 和 145kDa 两种亚型, 两种亚型均在大脑的突出前终端有表达。 该蛋白亚型的其他亚型在 Genbank中也有注释。 接着, 发明人通过 Sanger测序证实了在上述两个患者中的纯合突变 和在 3 个正常个体中的杂合突变, 也即该突变在家系内与疾病呈共分离。 并且, 通过上述 Sanger测序,在两个患者中没有发现该基因的外显子区或外显子-内含子边界区有新的突变。 进一步, 发明人发现 p.Arg258Gln突变在 dbSNP129, 1000 genomes 和 EVS数据库中均不 存在, 该突变的氨基酸位于 Synj l蛋白的类 SAC1 磷酸酶结构域, 该位点在 Synj l蛋白和类 SAC1 磷酸酶结构域的进化上非常保守, 表明该位点对磷酸酶结构域的重要性。
综上所述, 发明人认为 SYNJ1基因极有可能为早发性帕金森病的致病基因, SYNJ1基 因的 c.773G>A突变为早发性帕金森病的致病突变。 实施例 2 Sanger法测序验证
分别对实施例 1 中所述的早发性帕金森病患者家系中的 2 名患者 (NAPO-16 和 NAPO-17 ) 和 3名家系内正常人 (NAPO-18, NAPO-24, NAPO-25 ) 的 ^ J?基因进行检 测: 针对 SYNJ1基因的 5号外显子上的 c.773G>A突变设计引物, 然后通过 PCR扩增、 产 物纯化和测序的方法获得^«\^?有关序列,根据确定序列测定结果属于突变型还是野生型, 验证 SYNJ1基因的 c.773G>A突变与早发性帕金森病之间的相关性。
具体方法步骤如下:
1、 DNA提取
按照实施例 1中所述的提取 DNA的方法,分别提取制备受试者外周静脉血中的基因组
DNA, 备用。
2、 引物设计及 PCR反应
首先, 参考人类基因组序列数据库 Hgl8/build36.3 (http://genome.ucsc.edu/), 设计得到 具有 SEQ ID NO: 3-4所示的核苷酸序列的 SYNJ1基因外显子特异性引物,具体序列见下表:
接着,分别按照以下配比配制各基因组 DNA样本的 PCR反应体系以及进行 PCR反应: 反应体系: 5(^L
1 OX PCR Gold Buffer 5 μ
25 mM MgCl 8 μ
2.5mM dNTP 4 L
正向引物 (lOOng/ L) 1 μL
反向引物 (lOOng^L) 1 μ
AmpliTaq Gold DNA Polymerase, LD LA Taq酶 ( 5U^L ) 0.25 μ
DNA模板 1
H20 29.75 μ 。
PCR反应条件:
96。C 7, 30"
96。C 30"
9个循环 70°C 30" 每个循环递减 1 °C
72°C Γ30"
96。C 30"
25 个循环 60。C 30"
72°C Γ30"
72°C 5,00"
4。C oo
由此, 获得上述早发性帕金森病患者家系中的 2名患者和 3名家系内正常人的 PCR扩 增产物。
3、 测序
将步骤 2中获得的上述早发性帕金森病患者家系中的 2名患者和 3名家系内正常人的 PCR扩增产物直接进行 DNA测序。 其中, 测序采用 ABI Prism 3130XL型测序仪进行。
结果, 发明人发现, 该早发性帕金森病患者家系中患者 NAPO-16 和 NAPO-17 均为 c.773G>A 纯合突变, 患者母亲 (NAPO-18 ) 和其他两个表型正常的成员 (NAPO-24 和 NAPO-25 ) 皆为相应突变的杂合携带者。 其中, 图 3 显示了上述早发性帕金森病患者家系 中患者和家系内正常人以及对照(家系外正常人)的^«\^/^基因 c.773G>A突变位点的 Sanger 测序验证峰图。
此外, 经查证 EVS外显子数据库中未发现上述突变位点。
由此, 进一步证明 SYNJ1基因的 c.773G>A突变是早发性帕金森病的致病突变。 实施例 3检测试剂盒
制备一检测试剂盒, 其包含能够检测^«\^?基因的 c.773G>A突变 (位于 5号外显子) 的引物, 用于筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品, 其中这些引物为 SYNJ1基因外显子特 异性引物, 其序列如实施例 1中所述 SEQ ID NO: 3-4所示。
利用上述试剂盒筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的具体步骤为: 按照实施例 2 的 步骤 1所述的方法提取待测者 DNA, 以所提取的 DNA为模板与上述 SYNJ1基因的外显子 特异性引物进行 PCR反应, 并按照本领域常规方法对 PCR产物纯化, 将纯化的产物进行测 序, 然后通过观察测序所得到的序列是否具有 c.773G>A突变, 能够有效地检测本发明的 SYNJ1基因突变体在待测者 DNA中是否存在, 从而能够有效地检测待测者是否易患早发性 帕金森病, 进一步, 能够从待测者中筛选出易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品。 工业实用性
本发明的 ^ J?基因突变体, 能够有效地应用于筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品, 即通过检测该突变体在生物样品中是否存在, 可以有效地检测生物样品是否易患早发性帕 金森病。 尽管本发明的具体实施方式已经得到详细的描述, 本领域技术人员将会理解。 根据已 经公开的所有教导, 可以对那些细节进行各种修改和替换, 这些改变均在本发明的保护范 围之内。 本发明的全部范围由所附权利要求及其任何等同物给出。
在本说明书的描述中, 参考术语"一个实施例"、 "一些实施例"、 "示意性实施例"、 "示 例"、 "具体示例"、 或 "一些示例"等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、 结 构、 材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。 在本说明书中, 对上述术语 的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。 而且, 描述的具体特征、 结构、 材料或 者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
Claims
1、 一种分离的编码 SYNJ1突变体的核酸, 其特征在于, 所述核酸与 SEQ ID NO: 1相 比, 具有 c.773G>A突变,
任选地, 所述核酸为 DNA。
2、 一种分离的多肽, 其特征在于, 与 SEQ ID NO: 2 相比, 所述分离的多肽具有 p.Arg258Gln突变,
任选地, 所述多肽是由权利要求 1所述的核酸编码的。
3、 一种筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤: 从所述生物样品提取核酸样本;
确定所述核酸样本的核酸序列;
所述核酸样本的核酸序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1相比, 具有 c.773G>A突变是所述生物样品 易患早发性帕金森病的指示,
任选地, 所述生物样本为选自人体血液、 皮肤、 皮下组织的至少一种,
任选地, 所述核酸样本为全基因组 DNA。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 从所述生物样品提取核酸样本进一步包 括:
从所述生物样品提取 R A样本, 优选所述 R A样本为 mR A; 以及
基于所述 R A样本, 通过反转录反应, 获得 cDNA样本, 所述 cDNA样本构成所述核 酸样本。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 确定所述核酸样本的核酸序列进一步包 括:
针对所述核酸样本, 构建核酸测序文库; 以及
对所述核酸测序文库进行测序, 以便获得由多个测序数据构成的测序结果, 任选地, 采用选自 Hiseq2000、 SOLID, 454和单分子测序装置的至少一种对所述核酸测序文库进行 任选地, 针对所述核酸样本, 构建核酸测序文库进一步包括:
利用 ^ J?基因外显子特异性引物, 对所述核酸样本进行 PCR扩增; 以及
针对所得到的扩增产物, 构建所述核酸测序文库,
任选地, 所述特异性引物具有如 SEQ ID NO: 3-4所示的核苷酸序列。
6、 一种筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
核酸提取装置, 所述核酸提取装置用于从所述生物样品提取核酸样本;
核酸序列确定装置, 所述核酸序列确定装置与所述核酸提取装置相连, 用于对所述核 酸样本进行分析, 以便确定所述核酸样本的核酸序列;
判断装置, 所述判断装置与所述核酸序列确定装置相连, 以便基于所述核酸样本的核 酸序列与 SEQ ID NO: 1相比, 是否具有 c.773G>A突变, 判断所述生物样品是否易患早发
性帕金森病,
任选地, 所述核酸提取装置进一步包括:
R A提取单元, 所述 R A提取单元用于从所述生物样品提取 R A样本; 以及 反转录单元, 所述反转录单元与所述 R A提取单元相连, 用于对所述 RNA样本进行 反转录反应, 以便获得 cDNA样本, 所述 cDNA样本构成所述核酸样本。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述核酸序列确定装置进一步包括: 文库构建单元, 所述文库构建单元用于针对所述核酸样本, 构建核酸测序文库; 以及 测序单元, 所述测序单元与所述文库构建单元相连, 用于对所述核酸测序文库进行测 序, 以便获得由多个测序数据构成的测序结果,
任选地, 所述文库构建单元进一步包括:
PCR扩增模块, 所述 PCR扩增模块中设置有^«\^/^基因外显子特异性引物, 以便利用 所述特异性引物, 对所述核酸样本进行 PCR扩增,
任选地, 所述特异性引物具有如 SEQ ID NO: 3-4所示的核苷酸序列,
任选地, 所述测序单元包括选自 HISEQ2000、 SOLID 454和单分子测序装置的至少一 种。
8、 一种用于筛选易患早发性帕金森病的生物样品的试剂盒, 其特征在于, 含有: 适于检测5«\^?基因突变体的试剂, 其中与 SEQ ID NO: 1相比, 所述^«\^?基因突 变体具有 c.773G>A突变,
任选地, 所述试剂为核酸探针或引物,
任选地, 所述核酸探针或引物具有如 SEQ ID NO: 3-4所示的核苷酸序列。
9、一种构建体,其特征在于,包含权利要求 1所述的分离的编码 SYNJ1突变体的核酸。
10、 一种重组细胞, 其特征在于, 所述重组细胞是通过权利要求 9所述的构建体转化 受体细胞而获得的。
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1519378A (zh) * | 2003-01-22 | 2004-08-11 | 上海人类基因组研究中心 | Synj1基因第十号外显子多态性 |
| US20100166880A1 (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2010-07-01 | Andreas Plaitakis | Method for treatment and diagnosis of glutamate dehydrogenase disorders |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1519378A (zh) * | 2003-01-22 | 2004-08-11 | 上海人类基因组研究中心 | Synj1基因第十号外显子多态性 |
| US20100166880A1 (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2010-07-01 | Andreas Plaitakis | Method for treatment and diagnosis of glutamate dehydrogenase disorders |
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| CHANDRASEKARAN, S. ET AL.: "A Network View on Parkinson's Disease", COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL, vol. 7, no. 8, April 2013 (2013-04-01), pages 1 - 18 * |
| DATABASE GENBANK 17 April 2013 (2013-04-17), MCINTIRE, L.B. ET AL.: "synaptojanin-1 isoform a [Homo sapiens]", accession no. P_003886.3 * |
| MCINTIRE, L.B.J. ET AL.: "Reduction of Synaptojanin 1 Ameliorates Synaptic and Behavioral Impairments in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease", THE JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, vol. 32, no. 44, 31 October 2012 (2012-10-31), pages 15271 - 15276 * |
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