WO2014195266A1 - Arbre - Google Patents

Arbre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014195266A1
WO2014195266A1 PCT/EP2014/061377 EP2014061377W WO2014195266A1 WO 2014195266 A1 WO2014195266 A1 WO 2014195266A1 EP 2014061377 W EP2014061377 W EP 2014061377W WO 2014195266 A1 WO2014195266 A1 WO 2014195266A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
bezier curve
tangent
contour
diameter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/061377
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Florian LUBOS
Andreas KAMPS
Original Assignee
Voith Patent Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent Gmbh filed Critical Voith Patent Gmbh
Publication of WO2014195266A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014195266A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B37/00—Wheel-axle combinations, e.g. wheel sets
    • B60B37/04—Wheel-axle combinations, e.g. wheel sets the wheels being rigidly attached to solid axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/02—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque
    • B60B35/025—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque the wheels being removable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/02—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque
    • B60B35/04—Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque straight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/30—Increase in
    • B60B2900/311—Rigidity or stiffness
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/30—Angles, e.g. inclinations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/70—Diameters; Radii
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/10—Railway vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shaft with at least two shaft sections of different diameter according to the closer defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to the use of such a shaft.
  • Diameters are well known in the art. It is a so-called wave shoulder or a wave with a wave heel.
  • a shaft can be used to receive a wheel, for example the wheel hub of a rail wheel for a rail vehicle.
  • the shaft portion is formed with the larger diameter than wheel seat and receives the rail wheel, for example via a press fit and / or a composite with a feather key or the like.
  • the shaft portion with the smaller diameter is referred to in this case as a shaft shaft and can be accommodated for example in a storage.
  • the transition between the shaft portion of larger diameter and the shaft portion of smaller diameter is mechanically highly loaded, especially in the above-mentioned use for receiving a wheel.
  • a structure is known for the transition between the press fit and the shaft shank according to DIN EN 13103/13104, which consists of composite radii. By the jump in the radii or their
  • Curvatures occur, however, elevated voltages, so that a high
  • Material such as a surface treatment in chemical or mechanical type, can help to increase the strength. All this is correspondingly complicated and expensive.
  • the object of the present invention is now to provide a shaft according to the preamble of claim 1, which based on these
  • the inventors have shown in the further investigation of the results of the aforementioned final report that a particularly high strength in a wave with at least two shaft sections with different diameters can be achieved in particular when the Bezier curve tangent-continuous in an auxiliary tangent passes, which rests at the intersection between the Bezier curve and a contour of the shaft section with the larger diameter.
  • the auxiliary tangent runs at an angle of 15-60 ° to the radial direction. Not as you would expect in a tangentenstetigen transition of
  • Bezier curve in the radially extending portion or possibly even in parallel to the contour of the shaft portion of smaller diameter extending contour of the shaft portion of larger diameter results in the optimum strength, but especially when the transition of the Bezier curve in the contour of the shaft portion with larger Diameter discontinuous.
  • This is achieved by assuming an auxiliary virtual tangent which abuts the point of intersection between the contour and the Bezier curve and which runs in the said angle of 15-60 ° with respect to the radial direction, ie in the typical view with respect to the vertical.
  • This structure allows a very high strength of the shaft with the at least two
  • Bezier curve per se allows a very simple and efficient construction, since these are calculated comparatively easily and according to the type of Bezier curve with two main points and a few control points
  • the auxiliary tangent extends at an angle of 30-45 ° to the radial direction. From the angular range given above, angles between 30 and 45 ° have proved to be particularly advantageous. As a result, the strength of the shaft can be increased again.
  • the Bezier curve is designed as a second or third-order Bezier curve.
  • a square or cubic Bezier curve has the advantage that it only needs three or four points (main and control points) and therefore is particularly simple and efficient in the calculation.
  • the results in terms of mechanical strength are not or only
  • the Bezier curve has two main points and one or two control points, wherein the main points lie in the area in which the Bezier curve tangent in the contour of the shaft portion with the smaller diameter and the auxiliary tangent and wherein the control points lie on the auxiliary tangent on the one hand and a tangent in the tangent-continuous transition to the smaller diameter shaft portion on the other hand.
  • Such a cubic Bezier curve is comparatively simple and efficient in its calculation, because the control points on the respective tangents, ie the auxiliary tangent and the tangent on the contour of the shaft section with the smaller diameter, are simple and simple
  • Intersection of the tangents is a particularly simple and efficient structure, which allows the calculation of an optimized Bezier curve very easily and quickly.
  • the shaft section with the smaller diameter runs conically with a pitch of less than 1:20, in particular less than 1: 100.
  • a conical course of the shaft section with a smaller diameter is possible in principle, so that the tangent at the point in which the Bezier curve merges into this shaft section, not in the axial direction, but at a certain angle to the axial direction.
  • the slopes are rather small, for example in the order of 1: 300 to 1: 500.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the shaft according to the invention provides in this case that the shaft portion is formed with the larger diameter with a constant diameter.
  • the shaft section with the larger diameter may in particular be a wheel seat on which, for example, a rail wheel is pressed. Accordingly, it is designed according to an advantageous development of this idea as a press fit. It will then typically be of constant diameter, possibly with a small chamfer at its beginning, to facilitate press-fitting of the rail wheel.
  • the particularly preferred use of the shaft in one of the described embodiments is its use as an axle, wherein on the
  • Shaft section with the larger diameter of a wheel in particular a rail wheel
  • a rail wheel which according to an advantageous embodiment of this use can be pressed onto the shaft section with the larger diameter, typically causes a high load in the shaft, in particular in the shaft shoulder, so the area between the shaft portion with the larger diameter and the
  • Shaft section with the smaller diameter which is also referred to as shaft shaft. Characterized in that the shaft according to the invention by the
  • the illustrated section of the shaft 1 comprises a first shaft section 2 with a larger diameter di and a second shaft section 3 with a smaller one
  • Diameter d 2 According to the preferred use of the shaft 1 as an axle for receiving a wheel, in particular a rail wheel, the shaft portion 2 with the larger diameter di hereinafter referred to as wheel seat or press fit.
  • Diameter di is accordingly hereinafter referred to as shaft shaft.
  • the axis of rotation of the shaft 1 is indicated by the axis A.
  • Perpendicular to this axial direction A is a radial direction R drawn, for example in the area in which the larger diameter di of the wheel seat 2 merges into a transition contour 4.
  • This transition contour 4 is formed as Bezier curve B.
  • the Bezier curve B can be as follows by means of
  • ⁇ ( ⁇ ) (- ⁇ 0 + 3 ⁇ ⁇ 1 -3 ⁇ ⁇ 2 + ⁇ 3 ) ⁇ ⁇ 3 + (3 ⁇ ⁇ 0 -6 ⁇ ⁇ 1 + 3 ⁇ ⁇ 2 ) ⁇ ⁇ 2 + (-3 ⁇ ⁇ 0 + 3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
  • the wheel seat 2 is completed in the radial direction by a straight line 5, which over the approximately largest axial length of the wheel seat 2 the same
  • Diameter di has. Only in the transition to the transition contour 4, a chamfer can be provided so that, for example, a rail wheel can be easily pressed onto the wheel seat 2.
  • the shaft shaft 3 In the area of the shaft shaft 3 whose contour is also determined by a designated 6 straight. This runs in the embodiment shown here parallel to the axis of rotation A, the shaft shaft 3 thus has a constant diameter d 2 .
  • the contour completely or partially with a slope, typically in the
  • Transition of the Bezier curve B is guaranteed in an auxiliary pole tH.
  • This auxiliary tangent tH shown in dotted lines in the figure, runs at an angle ⁇ to the radial direction R, which lies between 15 ° and 60 °, preferably between 30 ° and 45 °.
  • This angle ⁇ can in the construction of the shaft. 1 preferably in the angular range between 30 ° and 45 ° relative to the radial
  • control points Pi, P 2 are on the tangent ti on the one hand and the auxiliary tangent tH on the other hand. They can be moved according to the design on the tangent ti, or the auxiliary pole tH.
  • Control points Pi, P 2 coincide to a single control point, which is then preferably located in an intersection S of the auxiliary tenth and tangency ti.
  • the Bezier Curve B which is square in this special case, can be calculated particularly simply and efficiently, and accordingly can be easily designed and easily implemented in production, for example by programming corresponding production machines.
  • the methods can be formed both mechanically (shot peening, rolling, etc.) and material technology / chemical (case hardening, nitriding, etc.).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un arbre (1) qui comporte au moins deux tronçons d'arbre (2, 3) à diamètres (d1, d2) différents ; et un contour (4) de transition entre le tronçon d'arbre (2) de plus grand diamètre (d1) et le tronçon d'arbre (3) de le plus petit diamètre (d2). Le contour de transition (4) est configuré en courbe de Bézier (B). La courbe de Bézier se transforme à continuité de tangente en le contour (6) du tronçon d'arbre de petit diamètre. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que la courbe de Bézier se transforme à continuité de tangente en une tangente auxiliaire (th) qui passe par le point d'intersection entre la courbe de Bézier et un contour (5) du tronçon d'arbre de plus grand diamètre. La tangente auxiliaire s'étend avec un angle (φ) de 15 à 60° par rapport à la direction radiale (R).
PCT/EP2014/061377 2013-06-05 2014-06-02 Arbre WO2014195266A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013009376.7 2013-06-05
DE102013009376.7A DE102013009376A1 (de) 2013-06-05 2013-06-05 Welle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014195266A1 true WO2014195266A1 (fr) 2014-12-11

Family

ID=50982890

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2014/061377 WO2014195266A1 (fr) 2013-06-05 2014-06-02 Arbre

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102013009376A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014195266A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105805147A (zh) * 2015-01-21 2016-07-27 住友重机械工业株式会社 齿轮轴

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020125792A1 (de) 2020-10-02 2022-04-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Kurbelwelle für eine Hubkolbenmaschine sowie Verbrennungskraftmaschine

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6189456B1 (en) * 1997-10-07 2001-02-20 Trn Business Trust High capacity axle for railway freight cars
US6312161B1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2001-11-06 The Timken Company End cap for bearing assembly
US20050052043A1 (en) * 2003-09-09 2005-03-10 Brister Stephen E. Backing ring for railcar axle
US20050078897A1 (en) * 2003-10-09 2005-04-14 Ming Zhang Protection of railway axle and bearing against corrosion
EP2508766A1 (fr) * 2011-04-07 2012-10-10 Rolls-Royce plc Arbre creux

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2130931A5 (fr) * 1971-03-25 1972-11-10 Essieux Ste Ardennaise
US5363479A (en) * 1992-07-02 1994-11-08 Microsoft Corporation System and method for rendering bezier splines
US6278445B1 (en) * 1995-08-31 2001-08-21 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Coordinate input device and method having first and second sampling devices which sample input data at staggered intervals
NL1020562C2 (nl) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-11 Norma B V Kroonwiel.
DE102004030624A1 (de) * 2004-06-24 2006-02-23 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Optimierung des Kerbfaktors
GB2435317B (en) * 2006-01-17 2008-01-02 Crompton Technology Group Ltd Transmission shaft joint design
DE102008054172A1 (de) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Lichtbogenschweißen mit abschmelzender Elektrode

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6189456B1 (en) * 1997-10-07 2001-02-20 Trn Business Trust High capacity axle for railway freight cars
US6312161B1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2001-11-06 The Timken Company End cap for bearing assembly
US20050052043A1 (en) * 2003-09-09 2005-03-10 Brister Stephen E. Backing ring for railcar axle
US20050078897A1 (en) * 2003-10-09 2005-04-14 Ming Zhang Protection of railway axle and bearing against corrosion
EP2508766A1 (fr) * 2011-04-07 2012-10-10 Rolls-Royce plc Arbre creux

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105805147A (zh) * 2015-01-21 2016-07-27 住友重机械工业株式会社 齿轮轴

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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