WO2014195251A1 - Füllstoffhaltige polyolformulierungen und daraus hergestellte polyurethane - Google Patents
Füllstoffhaltige polyolformulierungen und daraus hergestellte polyurethane Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014195251A1 WO2014195251A1 PCT/EP2014/061326 EP2014061326W WO2014195251A1 WO 2014195251 A1 WO2014195251 A1 WO 2014195251A1 EP 2014061326 W EP2014061326 W EP 2014061326W WO 2014195251 A1 WO2014195251 A1 WO 2014195251A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0838—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4829—Polyethers containing at least three hydroxy groups
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3218—Polyhydroxy compounds containing cyclic groups having at least one oxygen atom in the ring
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3225—Polyamines
- C08G18/3237—Polyamines aromatic
- C08G18/324—Polyamines aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4288—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain modified by higher fatty oils or their acids or by resin acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/4816—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature mixtures of two or more polyetherpolyols having at least three hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
- C08G18/4837—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units and other oxyalkylene units
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6629—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/36 or hydroxylated esters of higher fatty acids of C08G18/38
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/346—Clay
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09D175/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to filler-containing polyol formulations, to polyurethanes produced therewith and to components which comprise these filler-containing polyurethanes, and to a process for producing the components, in particular by spraying technology.
- fillers makes it possible to precisely adjust the mechanical properties of polyurethanes made therewith. In order to achieve a high E-modulus of more than 6000 MPa, a high proportion of filler is required in this case.
- the processing of highly filled systems in the polyurethane pre-treatment requires a complex adaptation of the processing equipment and the starting components to ensure a continuous and reproducible processing in the production.
- mica is used as filler.
- a proportion of 10 to 55 wt .-% of mica, based on the polyurethane mixture is used.
- the disadvantage of using mica is that a high elastic modulus (modulus of elasticity) of, for example,> 6000 MPa can not be achieved.
- mica has a high density of more than 2800 kg / m 3 . Thus, no components with a high degree of filling and at the same time low specific weight can be produced.
- WO 2004/065469 describes the combination of different fillers for achieving homogeneous viscosities in polyurethane for casting systems based on epoxides.
- the described casting systems are cast in this case so that viscosities in the overall system of more than 5000 mPas can be processed without problems.
- Such viscosities are, however, not sprayed in a Polyurethanansprührea, since the promotion in the plants at such high viscosities not possible and the generation of a homogeneous spray pattern is not feasible.
- fillers such as quartz powder are described, which would result in the spray process at pressures of 160 bar in some cases to a rapid destruction of the equipment.
- WO 2004/065469 uses fillers whose fine fraction has an average particle diameter (d 50) of 2.53 ⁇ m.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a polyol formulation with a high proportion of filler, with which correspondingly highly filled polyurethanes can be prepared and in which no sedimentation occurs.
- the filler-containing polyol formulation in admixture with one or more di- and / or polyisocyanates in the spraying without problems.
- the invention is a filler-containing polyol formulation consisting of
- a polyol component having a number-average OH number of 250 to 600 mg KOH / g and a number-average functionality of 2.5 to 5, which contains at least one or more polyols ii) optionally chain extenders and / or crosslinking agents
- At least one filler from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, kaolinite, aluminum hydroxide and talc in an amount of 50 to 75 wt .-%, based on the polyol formulation,
- Another object of the invention is a filler-containing polyurethane containing the reaction mixture
- At least one filler from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, kaolinite, aluminum hydroxide and talc in an amount of 50 to 75 wt .-%, based on the polyol formulation,
- Another object of the invention are components which consist of at least one polyurethane-containing polyurethane according to the invention and optionally a substrate or one or more layers.
- Another object of the invention are components which consist of at least one polyurethane-containing polyurethane according to the invention and a substrate or one or more layers.
- Another object of the invention are composite components, which consist of at least one layer of a polyurethane-containing polyurethane according to the invention and at least one further layer.
- Another object of the invention is a method for producing the composite components according to the invention comprising at least one polyurethane-containing polyurethane layer of a polyol-containing polyol formulation and at least one di- and / or polyisocyanate component and at least one substrate or another layer, by spraying, characterized in that
- At least one filler selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, kaolinite, talc and aluminum hydroxide in an amount of 50 to 75 wt .-%, based on the sulfonated polyol formulation, comprising a polyol formulation consisting of
- a polyol component having a number-average OH number of 250 mg KOH / g to 600 mg KOH / g and an average functionality of 2.5 to 5, which contains one or more polyols
- a polyol-containing polyolefin having a viscosity at 70 ° C of below 5000 mPas (according to DIN EN ISO 2555 at 70 ° C), wherein a coarse fraction of filler particles with dso from 30 to 80 ⁇ in an amount of 80 to 97.5 Wt .-%, based on the filler, and a fine fraction of filler particles with dso of 0.5 to 2 ⁇ in an amount of 2.5 to 20 wt .-%, based on the filler, and the filler is up to 40 Days not sedimented at 20 ° C,
- the polyol-containing polyol formulation of a) is mixed in a spray head with at least one di- and / or polyisocyanate component to form a mixture
- the fillers used according to the invention are calcium carbonate, kaolinite, aluminum hydroxide and talc. These fillers are neutral to the polyurethane reaction.
- the Mohs hardness of the fillers is below a value of 3, so that the polyurethane reactive mixture with these fillers can be processed in principle in spray systems. For Mohs hardnesses above 3, the system wear is too great and the spraying process would not make sense technically.
- the viscosity of the polyol formulation which at 70 ° C below of 5000 mPas (according to DIN EN ISO 2555 at 70 ° C) should, preferably between 2000 and 5000 mPas, more preferably between 2500 and 5000 mPas.
- the fillers used belong to the group of calcium carbonates (chemical name CaCCb), kaolinite (chemical name Ai4 [(OH) 8] Si40io), aluminum hydroxides (chemical name Al (OH) 3) and talc (chemical name Mg3 [Si40io (OH) 2 ]).
- the fillers used in the polyol formulation have a coarse fraction and a fine fraction of particles, wherein the fine and coarse fraction may be present in one filler or the fine fraction in a filler and the coarse fraction in another filler.
- the mean particle diameter d.sub.50 is defined in each case by the standards DIN ISO 9276-1 and -2 as a weighted mean particle diameter.
- the density of the fillers used is less than 2800 kg / m 3 .
- the diisocyanates and / or polyisocyanates used according to the invention are preferably aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic di- and / or polyisocyanates. Preference is given to di- and / or polyisocyanates of the diphenylmethane series which are liquid at room temperature. These include liquid at room temperature and optionally modified accordingly mixtures of 4,4'-diisocyanato _, diphenylTnethan with 2,4'- and optionally 2,2'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane.
- liquid polyisocyanate mixtures of the diphenylethane series which, in addition to the isomers mentioned, contain their higher homologs and which are obtainable in a manner known per se by phosgenation of aniline / formaldehyde condensate.
- urethane and / or carbodiimide-containing modification products of these di- and polyisocyanates are suitable.
- allo ⁇ phanat- or biuret groups having ModifHzie- tion products of said di- and polyisocyanates are suitable.
- the polyisocyanate component preferably has an average NCO functionality of from 2.1 to 5.0, more preferably from 2.5 to 3.1.
- the isocyanate component used is preferably a semiprepolymer based on diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) with 20 to 30% by weight of NCO groups.
- MDI diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- the polyol component In addition to its function as a synthesis component for the polyurethane matrix, the polyol component additionally fulfills the role of a dispersant.
- the polyols to be used may preferably be known per se in polyurethane chemistry, at from 10 to 60.degree Polyhydroxy polyethers, polyesters, polythioethers, polyacetals, polycarbonates, polyesteramides, polyamides or polybutadienes.
- already containing urethane or urea 'groups polyhydroxyl compounds and optionally modified natural polyols, such as castor oil can be used as a polyol component.
- the polyols used are preferably polyhydroxypolyethers which can be prepared in a conventional manner by polyaddition of alkylene oxides onto polyfunctional starter compounds in the presence of catalysts.
- the poly Inventive'rent used are preferably (oxy _, alkylene) polyols from a starter compound with by-'sammlunglich 3 to 8 active hydrogen atoms and one or more alkylene oxides.
- Preferred starter compounds are molecules having three to eight hydroxyl groups per molecule, such as triethanolamine, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol and sucrose.
- the starter combinations can be used alone or in a mixture, including difunctional ones
- Starter compounds such as di-ethyl len 'glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol can be used.
- the polyols used according to the invention are prepared from one or more alkylene oxides.
- Preferred alkylene oxides are oxirane, methyloxirane and ethyloxirane. These can be used alone or in a mixture. When used in admixture, it is possible to react the alkylene oxides randomly or in blocks or both successively.
- polyhydroxy-polyether in which high molecular weight polyadducts or polycondensates or polymers in finely dispersed, dissolved or grafted form.
- modified polyhydroxyl compounds are obtained, for example, by polyaddition reactions (eg reactions between polyisocyanates and amino-functional compounds) or polycondensation reactions (eg between formaldehyde and phenols and / or amines) in situ in the hydroxyl-containing compounds expire (as described for example in DE-AS 1 168 075).
- Vinyl polymer-modified polyhydroxyl compounds as obtained, for example, by polymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of polyethers (for example, according to US Pat.
- polyol component for the process according to the invention.
- Representatives of said compounds to be used according to the invention as starting components are, for example, in Kunststoff-Handbuch, Volume VII "Polyurethane", 3rd edition ", Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff / Vienna, 1993, pages 57-67 or pages 88-90.
- the polyol component used is preferably a mixture of one or more polyether polyols which has a number-average hydroxyl number (OH number) of 250 to 600 mg KOH / g and a number-average functionality of 2.5 to 5, preferably 2.5 to 4 ,
- the slowly occurring formation reaction of the polyurethane can optionally be accelerated by the addition of catalysts.
- catalysts which accelerate the reaction between hydroxyl and isocyanate groups.
- tertiary amines of the type known per se are suitable, e.g.
- organic metal catalysts in particular organic bismuth catalysts, such as bismuth (III) - neodecanoate or organic Zinnkata-lysatoren, such as tin (II) salts of carboxylic acid such as tin (II) acetate, tin (II) octoate , Tin (II) ethylhexanoate and tin (II) laurate and the dialkyltin salts of carboxylic acids such as dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin maleate or dioctyltin diacetate may be used alone or in combination with the tertiary amines.
- organic bismuth catalysts such as bismuth (III) - neodecanoate or organic Zinnkata-lysatoren
- tin (II) salts of carboxylic acid such as tin (II) acetate,
- catalysts Preferably, 0 to 5 wt.%, In particular 0.3 to 2.0 wt .-%, catalyst or catalyst combination, based on the polyol formulation used.
- catalysts are in the plastics handbook Volume VII "Polyurethane", 3rd Edition ", Carl Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff / Vienna, 1993, pages 104 - described 110th
- auxiliaries and additives which may optionally be used include, for example, coloring agents, water-binding substances, flame retardants, plasticizers and / or monohydric alcohols.
- the polyol formulations according to the invention may contain, for example, for the coloring of polyurethanes per se known dyes and / or color pigments on an organic and / or inorganic basis, for example titanium dioxide, iron oxide and / or chromium oxide pigments and pigments on phthalocyanine and / or monoazo Base.
- Suitable water-binding substances are both water-reactive compounds such as tris (chloroethyl) orthoformate, as well as water-binding fillers, such as alkaline earth oxides, zeolites, aluminas and silicates.
- Suitable synthetic zeolites are commercially available, for example, under the name Baylith®.
- Suitable optionally used flame retardants are as Example ⁇ Trikresylphophat, tris-2-chloroethyl phosphate, tris-chloropropyl phosphate and tris-2,3-dibromopropyl phosphate.
- inorganic flame retardants such as aluminum oxide hydrate, ammonium polyphosphate, calcium sulfate, sodium polymetaphosphate or amine phosphates, for example melamine phosphates.
- plasticizers are esters of polybasic, preferably dibasic, carboxylic acids with monohydric alcohols.
- the acid component of such esters can be derived, for example, from succinic acid, isophthalic acid, trimellitic acid, phthalic anhydride, tetra- and / or hexahydrophthalic anhydride, endomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, glutaric acid anhydride, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid and / or dimeric and / or trimeric fatty acids, optionally in Mixture with monomeric fatty acids.
- the alcohol component of such esters can be derived, for example, from branched and / or unbranched aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 20 C atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, the various isomers of pentyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, octyl alcohol (eg, 2-ethylhexanol), nonyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and / or fatty and wax alcohols obtainable from naturally occurring or hydrogenated naturally occurring carboxylic acids.
- branched and / or unbranched aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 20 C atoms such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butan
- Suitable alcohol components are cycloaliphatic and / or aromatic hydroxy compounds in question, Example ⁇ example cyclohexanol and its homologues, phenol, cresol, thymol, carvacrol, benzyl alcohol and / or phenylethanol.
- plasticizers are esters of the abovementioned alcohols with phosphoric acid.
- phosphoric acid esters of halogenated alcohols for example trichloroethyl phosphate. In the latter case, a flame retardant effect can be achieved simultaneously with the plasticizer effect.
- mixed esters of the above-mentioned alcohols and carboxylic acids can be used.
- the plasticizers may also be so-called polymeric plasticizers, for example polyesters of adipic, sebacin and / or phthalic acid.
- polymeric plasticizers for example polyesters of adipic, sebacin and / or phthalic acid.
- alkyl sulfonic acid esters of phenol for example paraffin sulfonylphenyl esters, can also be used as plasticizers.
- additives which may be used are monohydric alcohols, such as butanol, 2-ethylhexanol, octanol, dodecanol or cyclohexanol, which may optionally be used in order to bring about a desired chain termination.
- the production of the components according to the invention is carried out by layer-wise application to a substrate, preferably by spraying.
- the components of the polyurethane reactive mixture, in particular isocyanate, filler-containing polyol mixture, optionally separated the propellant fed by means of separate lines dosed a suitable mixing unit, wherein the outlet of the mixing unit is designed as a spray head.
- suitable mixing units are both high-pressure mixing units operating according to the countercurrent injection method and low-pressure agitating mixing units.
- Each of the solid or foam layers can be advantageously produced by spraying the reactive mixture in several layers, so that, in particular when thicker layers are required, drainage of the still liquid, not yet fully reacted layer of inclined to the horizontal application surfaces is avoided.
- the application of the successive layers is carried out in each case "wet in wet", i. in a not yet completely reacted state of the previously applied layer, in particular before entry of the tack freedom of the respective previous layer.
- the application of the first layer of the polyurethane layer according to the invention to a last layer of an underlying layer is preferably carried out "wet in wet", i. before tackiness of the layer has occurred.
- the polyurethanes according to the invention are used in particular for the production of composite components.
- the polyurethanes are characterized by a high strength and can thus be used as reinforcing layers or as pure material with high strength.
- Polyol component (number average OH number 299 mg KOH / g, functionality 3)
- Isocyanate component NCO prepolymer (NCO content: 24.78% by weight)
- Filler 1 (calcium carbonate): Mikhart 40 from Proveneale S.A.
- Filler 2 (calcium carbonate): Mikhart 65 from Proveneale S.A.
- Filler 3 (calcium carbonate): Calatem C16T from Proveneale S.A.
- Filler 5 (aluminum hydroxide): Martinal ON 320 from Quarzwerke GmbH
- the fillers 1 to 5 have a density of less than 2.7 g / cm 3 and a Mohs hardness of 3 or less than 3.
- the fillers were stirred into the polyol component and the resulting polyol formulation was then evacuated for at least 30 minutes to prevent air loading of the polyol formulation.
- the assessment of the settling behavior was carried out optically, and the determination of the sedimented fillers was carried out by measuring the height of the sedimented fillers.
- the viscosity was determined on polyol formulations with in each case 70% by weight of filler. The results of the viscosity measurements at 20 ° C are given in Table 1 and at 70 ° C in Table 2 below.
- Table 1 shows the results with Mikhart 40 and Calatem C16T.
- the viscosity is reduced by the replacement of coarse fraction (Mikhart 40) by fines (Calatem C16T). From a ratio of 80 to 20, the viscosity increases again.
- Table 1 Viscosity of the polyol formulations with 70 wt .-% filler at 20 ° C.
- the viscosity was also determined at 70 ° C.
- Table 2 Viscosity of the polyol formulations with 70 wt .-% filler at 70 ° C.
- the sedimented filler was measured after a storage period of 24 hours at 50 ° C. and after a period of 40 days at 20 ° C.
- the polyol formulation was stored in glass containers for this purpose and after the respective storage, the vessels were emptied.
- the evaluation was carried out by measuring the sediment height in millimeters.
- Table 4 Height of the sedimented filler after 40 days of storage at 20 ° C with Calatem C16T as fines, Martinal ON 320 as a coarse fraction and a total of 70 wt .-% filler
- the isocyanate component was added to the filler-containing polyol formulation.
- the index was 110.
- the index is defined as the molar ratio of the reactive groups of the isocyanate component (moles NCO) to the reactive groups of the polyol formulation (moles OH); the ratio is then multiplied by 100.
- filler-containing polyol formulation and the isocyanate component For the processing of the filler-containing polyol formulation and the isocyanate component, a polyurethane reaction machine from Unipre was used.
- the raw materials (filler-containing polyol formulation and isocyanate component) were tempered in the system to 75 ° C and conveyed at a constant flow rate of about 1.8 1 / min.
- By layer-wise coating plates were made with a thickness of about 4 mm at a width and length of about 400 mm.
- Table 5 Results of the measurements of the mechanical values on the produced polyurethane plates with different filler combinations at 70 wt .-% filler content in the polyol formulation and with a fines content of 15% to a coarse fraction of 85%
- the measured mechanical properties show that in general an E-modulus of approx. 6000 MPa and more is achieved.
- the maximum force is around 55 MPa.
- the elongation at break is 1.1 to 1.6%.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14728164.6A EP3004194B1 (de) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-06-02 | Füllstoffhaltige polyolformulierungen und daraus hergestellte polyurethane |
US14/896,009 US20160130385A1 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-06-02 | Polyol formulations containing fillers and polyurethanes produced therefrom |
CN201480032382.4A CN105263982B (zh) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-06-02 | 含填料的多元醇配制品和由其制备的聚氨酯 |
DK14728164.6T DK3004194T3 (en) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-06-02 | FILLING POLYOL FORMULAS AND POLYURETHANES MANUFACTURED |
JP2016517254A JP2016520704A (ja) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-06-02 | 充填剤含有ポリオール配合物及びそれから製造されたポリウレタン |
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EP13171107.9 | 2013-06-07 | ||
EP13171107 | 2013-06-07 |
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WO2014195251A1 true WO2014195251A1 (de) | 2014-12-11 |
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PCT/EP2014/061326 WO2014195251A1 (de) | 2013-06-07 | 2014-06-02 | Füllstoffhaltige polyolformulierungen und daraus hergestellte polyurethane |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20160130385A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3004194B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2016520704A (de) |
CN (1) | CN105263982B (de) |
DK (1) | DK3004194T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014195251A1 (de) |
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CN106431087A (zh) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-22 | 东南大学 | 一种微粉强化聚氨酯基高强防水保温装饰一体化材料及其制备方法 |
CN110003419B (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2021-10-08 | 黎明化工研究设计院有限责任公司 | 一种预凝胶及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0947528A1 (de) * | 1998-04-01 | 1999-10-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Polyurethanharz |
WO2004065469A1 (de) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hochgefülltes giessharzsystem |
US20090098302A1 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-16 | Tse Industries, Inc. | Method For Spray Forming High Modulus Polyurethane Structures |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101423743B (zh) * | 2007-10-29 | 2012-02-15 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种密封胶组合物及其制备方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-06-02 WO PCT/EP2014/061326 patent/WO2014195251A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-06-02 US US14/896,009 patent/US20160130385A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-06-02 DK DK14728164.6T patent/DK3004194T3/en active
- 2014-06-02 JP JP2016517254A patent/JP2016520704A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-06-02 EP EP14728164.6A patent/EP3004194B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-06-02 CN CN201480032382.4A patent/CN105263982B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0947528A1 (de) * | 1998-04-01 | 1999-10-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Polyurethanharz |
WO2004065469A1 (de) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hochgefülltes giessharzsystem |
US20090098302A1 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-16 | Tse Industries, Inc. | Method For Spray Forming High Modulus Polyurethane Structures |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DK3004194T3 (en) | 2017-05-15 |
JP2016520704A (ja) | 2016-07-14 |
EP3004194B1 (de) | 2017-02-22 |
CN105263982A (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
CN105263982B (zh) | 2018-10-02 |
US20160130385A1 (en) | 2016-05-12 |
EP3004194A1 (de) | 2016-04-13 |
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