WO2014190564A1 - 一种固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列 - Google Patents

一种固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014190564A1
WO2014190564A1 PCT/CN2013/076751 CN2013076751W WO2014190564A1 WO 2014190564 A1 WO2014190564 A1 WO 2014190564A1 CN 2013076751 W CN2013076751 W CN 2013076751W WO 2014190564 A1 WO2014190564 A1 WO 2014190564A1
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Prior art keywords
stack
power generation
generation system
fuel cell
solid oxide
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PCT/CN2013/076751
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王蔚国
彭军
茹浩磊
叶爽
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中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所
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Priority to AU2013391294A priority Critical patent/AU2013391294C1/en
Priority to KR1020157037158A priority patent/KR101863079B1/ko
Priority to RU2015155449A priority patent/RU2644149C2/ru
Priority to JP2016515596A priority patent/JP6138356B2/ja
Priority to EP13885989.7A priority patent/EP3007258B1/en
Priority to US14/894,989 priority patent/US10141596B2/en
Priority to CA2913864A priority patent/CA2913864C/en
Publication of WO2014190564A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014190564A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
    • H01M8/0631—Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
    • H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/2428—Grouping by arranging unit cells on a surface of any form, e.g. planar or tubular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power generation system, and more particularly to a power stack array in a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system.
  • SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
  • Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) power generation system is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It generally uses light hydrocarbons such as natural gas as fuel to convert chemical energy in fuel into electric energy efficiently and cleanly. .
  • the distributed power station based on the SOFC power generation system can easily use the natural gas provided by the existing natural gas pipeline network to generate electricity and transmit electricity to the national grid. Therefore, the SOFC power generation system is a very promising power generation. the way.
  • the core component of the SOFC power generation system is the stack of stacks.
  • the stack of stacks consists of multiple stacks with a certain distribution pattern.
  • the power generation reaction is carried out in the stack. After the light hydrocarbon feedstock such as natural gas enters the SOFC power generation system, it first enters the reformer and undergoes a reforming reaction. The tail gas fuel after the reforming reaction enters the stack reactor to generate electricity. Therefore, the stack array of the SOFC power generation system is the place where the power generation is performed. .
  • the present invention provides a novel stack array in a SOFC power generation system.
  • the stack includes a support body and a stack; the support has a layered structure including one or more support units; and the stack is composed of one or more stacks
  • Each support unit supports at least one stack; each stack consists of several single stacks, and as shown in Figure 3, each single stack is horizontally oriented, ie, the intake of each stack
  • the plane formed by the aperture and the air outlet is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the shape of the plurality of single stacks in each of the stacks is not limited, and the open loop structure (ie, the first and the tail are not connected) may be formed, such as a plurality of single stacks arranged in a straight line, etc.; Form a closed loop structure (that is, connected end to end), such as a plurality of single stacks arranged circumferentially.
  • the stack of cells is sequentially arranged by a plurality of single stacks to form a closed loop structure.
  • the stack of cells is sequentially arranged by a plurality of single stacks to form a circumferential structure.
  • the fasteners may be disposed between the single stacks as needed, so that they are smoothly placed on the supporting unit, and the structure and position of the fasteners are not specifically limited.
  • the structure and position of the reformer for supplying air to the stack of the stack are not specifically limited.
  • the reformer may include one or more of a single tube reformer, a tube tube reformer, and a chip reformer, and is preferably a chip reformer.
  • the position of the reformer is not specifically limited.
  • the reformer and the vent line between the reformer and the stack are disposed in the middle of the fastener, and the exhaust gas generated by the reformer passes through the vent line.
  • the reformer and the vent line may be provided in each of the fasteners, and the reformer may be preferably disposed according to the following (a) and (b) Vent lines to reduce the number of reformers, thereby reducing costs:
  • the first fastener at one end is used as the starting point for the count, at least the 2n-l (n is all integers less than or equal to N)
  • the reformer and the vent line are provided in the fastener;
  • the number of single stacks in the stack is not limited, and is preferably 3 to 12 / stacks, as needed.
  • the number of layers of the support unit in the support body is not limited, and is preferably 2 to 10 layers as needed.
  • the fastener material is not limited, and is preferably made of ceramic or stainless steel.
  • the fastening screw is used to fasten the fastener to the support unit.
  • venting line is disposed in the middle of the fastener to realize the airflow in and out between the reformer and the stack, thereby reducing the exposed external piping, making the stack of the stack simpler and more compact.
  • the present invention provides a novel stack of electric reactors in a SOFC power generation system.
  • a single stack is placed on a support of a layered structure; on each support unit, a plurality of single stacks placed in a horizontal position are sequentially arranged to form a stack, and are smoothly placed on the support unit.
  • the arrangement of the single stack is improved, and the support of the layered structure is used to make the stack of the stack simpler and more stable; and, due to the support of the support of the layered structure, the number of support units and the support unit of each layer The number of single stacks can be adjusted as needed, so the control is more flexible;
  • a fastener can be provided between the single stacks as needed; in the preferred structure, the reformer and the vent line in the hot zone structure can also be placed The middle of the fastener, so that the reformer and the vent line are built in the stack of the electric pile, not only effectively and rationally utilize the space, but also avoid the existence of a large number of external pipelines in the hot zone, so that the functional parts in the hot zone
  • the connection between the two is more compact, which effectively solves the prior art that the ventilating pipeline connection between the reformer and the inlet and outlet holes of each stack is centrally emitted due to the reformer being disposed in the middle of the annular stack array.
  • the vent line connection is complicated and exposed, which is not conducive to system integration.
  • the setting of the reformer is flexible, and a reformer can be disposed in the middle of each fastener to make a single weight
  • the exhaust gas generated by the whole device is supplied to a single stack through a vent line to generate electricity; the reformer may also be arranged in a ring-shaped fastener so that the exhaust gas generated by the single reformer is supplied to the adjacent air through the vent line
  • Two stacks generate electricity, which reduces the number of reformers, which helps to reduce costs and improve work efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an array of stacks in a conventional SOFC power generation system
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the single electric stack vertically placed in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a single stack placed horizontally in a stack of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a power stack array according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the stack of each of the support units in the stack structure of the embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is another schematic view of a stack of stacks on each support unit in the stack structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is another schematic view showing the arrangement of the stack on each support unit in the stack structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a stack of a power stack according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the stack of the stack on each of the support units in the stack structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of a stack of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the reference numerals in Figures 1 to 7 are: stack of stacks, stack 2', stacker 3', single vertically placed stack 4', stack array 1, stack 2, reforming 3, a single horizontally placed stack 4, a support 5, a support unit 6, a fastener 7, and a venting line 8.
  • the stack of the stack in the SOFC power generation system is as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, and includes a support body 5 and a stack 2.
  • the support body 5 has a layered structure and includes six layers of support units 6, and the support unit 6 is made of stainless steel.
  • each support unit 6 eight single stacks 4 are placed circumferentially to form an annular array of stacks 2, and six stacks of support units 6 on the six layers, ie, 48 The single stack 4 together constitutes an array of stacks.
  • each of the single stacks 4 is horizontally oriented, that is, the plane formed by the intake holes and the outlet holes of each single stack is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • a fastener 7 is disposed between two adjacent single stacks 4.
  • the fastener 7 is a mixture of one or both of a stainless steel wedge and a ceramic wedge for insulation.
  • a reformer 3 for supplying gas to the stack is disposed in the middle of each of the fasteners 7, and a venting line 8 between the reformer 3 and the single stack 4 is also provided in the fastening.
  • the exhaust gas generated by each reformer 3 is supplied to the single stack 4 through the vent line 8 to generate electricity.
  • the number of the fasteners 7 arranged in a ring shape is 8, and any one of the fasteners 7 is the counting start point 1
  • the reformer 3 can be placed only in the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th fasteners, and the venting line 8 is also only disposed in the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th fasteners to make a single reformer
  • the generated exhaust gas is supplied to the adjacent two single stacks 4 through the vent line 8 to generate electricity, thereby reducing the number of reformers, thereby reducing cost and improving work efficiency.
  • the stack pattern of the SOFC power generation system is similar to that shown in Figs. 4 and 5, and includes a support 5 and a stack 2.
  • the support body 5 has a layered structure and includes five layers of support units 6, and the support unit 6 is made of stainless steel.
  • each support unit 6 seven single stacks 4 are placed circumferentially to form an annular array of stacks 2, 6 stacks of support units 6 on the stack 6, ie 35 The stacks 4 together form an array of stacks.
  • each stack 4 is horizontally oriented, that is, the plane formed by the inlet and outlet of each stack is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • fasteners 7 are placed between two adjacent stacks 4.
  • the fastener 7 is a mixture of one or both of a stainless steel wedge and a ceramic wedge for insulation.
  • a reformer 3 is disposed in the middle of each fastener 7, and a venting line 8 between the reformer 3 and the stack 4 is also disposed intermediate the fasteners 7 so that each The exhaust gas generated by the reformer 3 is supplied to the single stack 4 through the vent line 8 to generate electricity.
  • the power reaches 30 kW during stable operation.
  • the number of the fasteners 7 arranged in a ring shape is 7, and any one of the fasteners 7 is the starting point 1 of the count.
  • the reformer 3 can be disposed only in the first, second, fourth, and sixth fasteners, or only in the second, fourth, sixth, and seventh fasteners, and the vent line 8 is only in the first. 2, 4, 6 fasteners are set, or only in the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 7th fasteners, so that the exhaust gas generated by some single reformers 3 is supplied to the phase through the vent line 8.
  • Two adjacent single stacks 4 generate electricity, which reduces the number of reformers, which helps to reduce costs and improve work efficiency.
  • the stack 1 of the SOFC power generation system includes a support 5 and a stack 2.
  • the support body 5 has a layered structure and includes four layers of support units 6, and the support unit 6 is made of stainless steel.
  • each support unit 6 eight single stacks 4 are arranged along a straight line to form a linear array of stacks 2, and a stack of stacks 2 on the four layers of support units 6, ie, 32 sheets.
  • the stacks 4 together form an array of stacks.
  • each of the single stacks 4 is horizontally oriented, that is, the plane formed by the intake holes and the outlet holes of each single stack is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • fasteners 7 are provided between the stacks.
  • the fastener 7 is a mixture of one or both of a stainless steel wedge and a ceramic wedge for insulation.
  • a reformer 3 is disposed in the middle of each of the fasteners 7, and a vent line 8 between the reformer 3 and the single stack 4 is also disposed in the middle of the fasteners 7 so that each The exhaust gas generated by the reformer 3 is supplied to the single stack 4 through the vent line 8 to generate electricity.
  • the power is stable to 26 kW during operation.
  • the stack array 1 in the SOFC power generation system is basically the same as that in the third embodiment.
  • the difference is that the reformer 3 is not disposed in the middle of each fastener 7, and the vent line 8 between the reformer 3 and the single stack 4 is not disposed in the middle of the fastener 7, but is disposed in the Next to the stack, as shown in Figure 10.
  • the embodiments described above are illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention. It is to be understood that the foregoing description is only illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any modifications, additions or the like in the alternatives are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

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Abstract

一种固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列。该电堆阵列包括支撑体（5）与电堆组（2）；其中，支撑体（5）呈层状结构，包括一层或两层以上的支撑单元（6）；在每层支撑单元（6）上，数个单电堆（4）依次排列形成电堆组（2），并且每个单电堆（4）呈横卧状。该电堆阵列简单、紧凑、稳固，有利于系统集成。

Description

说 明 书
一种固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列 技术领域
本发明涉及固体氧化物燃料电池 （Solid oxide fuel cell, SOFC) 发电系统， 尤其涉及一种固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列。
背景技术
固体氧化物燃料电池 （Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, SOFC) 发电系统是一种将化 学能直接转化为电能的装置，一般以天然气等轻烃为燃料， 将燃料中的化学能高 效、清洁的转化为电能。 以 SOFC发电系统为基础建立的分布式发电站， 可以很 方便的利用现有的天然气管网所提供的天然气发电，能够向国家电网输电，因此， SOFC发电系统是一种极具商业前景的发电方式。
SOFC发电系统的核心部件就是电堆阵列， 电堆阵列是由多个电堆组成， 具 有一定分布形态，发电反应在电堆阵列中进行。天然气等轻烃原料进入 SOFC发 电系统后， 首先进入重整器中发生重整反应， 重整反应后的尾气燃料再进入电堆 阵列发电， 因此， SOFC发电系统的电堆阵列就是进行发电的场所。
电堆阵列的设计是 SOFC发电系统设计的关键之一。在现有的 SOFC系统设 计方案， 如美国专利 US 7659022B2和 US 2012/0178003A1中， 电堆阵列 的 结构如图 1所示， 是由多列电堆组 2' 沿圆周摆放而形成的环状阵列； 每列电堆 组 2' 是由多个单电堆 4' 上下叠放而成； 如图 2所示， 每个单电堆 4' 呈竖直 摆放状， 即每个单电堆 4' 的进出气孔所构成的平面大体与水平面相平行。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种 SOFC发电系统中的新型电堆阵列。该电堆阵列包括支撑 体与电堆组； 所述的支撑体呈层状结构， 包括一层或两层以上的支撑单元； 所述 的电堆阵列由一个或两个以上的电堆组构成； 每层支撑单元支撑至少一个电堆 组； 每个电堆组由数个单电堆组成， 并且如图 3所示， 每个单电堆呈横卧状， 即 每个电堆的进气孔与出气孔所构成的平面大体与水平面相垂直。
上述技术方案中，所述的每个电堆组中数个单电堆组成的形状不限， 可以形 成开环结构 （即首尾不相连）， 如数个单电堆沿直线排列等； 也可以形成闭环结 构 （即首尾相连）， 如数个单电堆沿圆周排列等。 作为优选， 所述的电堆组是由 数个单电堆依次排列， 形成闭环结构。作为进一步优选， 所述的电堆组是由数个 单电堆依次排列， 形成圆周结构。
上述技术方案中， 单电堆之间可以根据需要设置紧固件， 使其平稳放置在支 撑单元上， 紧固件的结构与位置没有具体限制。
上述技术方案中， 用于为电堆阵列供气的重整器的结构与位置没有具体限 制。重整器可以包括单管重整器、列管式重整器以及片式重整器等中的一种或几 种， 优选为片式重整器。 重整器的位置没有具体限制， 作为优选， 重整器以及重 整器与电堆之间的通气管路设置在紧固件中间，重整器产生的尾气通过通气管路 供应电堆； 在这种优选结构的电堆阵列中， 可以在每个紧固件中设置重整器与通 气管路， 也可以优选按照下述（a)与 （b)设置重整器与通气管路， 以减少重整 器数目， 从而降低成本：
(a) 当电堆组为闭环结构， 并且紧固件的个数为 2N (N为自然数）时， 以 其中任一紧固件为计数起点， 至少第 2η件 （η是小于或等于 Ν的所有自然数） 紧固件内设置重整器与通气管路；
(b)当电堆组为闭环结构， 并且环状排列的紧固件的个数为 2N+1 (N为自 然数） 时， 以其中任一紧固件为计数起点， 至少第 2η件 （η是小于或等于 Ν的 所有整数）紧固件内设置重整器与通气管路， 并且第 1件或者第 2N+1件紧固件 内埋设重整器与通气管路；
(c) 当电堆组为开环结构， 并且紧固件的个数为 2N (N为自然数）时， 以 其中一端的第一个紧固件为计数起点， 至少第 2n-l件以及第 2η件 （η是小于或 等于 Ν的所有自然数） 紧固件内设置重整器与通气管路；
(d) 当电堆组为开环结构， 并且紧固件的个数为 2N+1 (N为自然数） 时， 以其中一端的第一个紧固件为计数起点， 至少第 2n-l件 （n是小于或等于 N的 所有整数） 紧固件内设置重整器与通气管路；
上述技术方案中，所述的电堆组中单电堆数量不限，视需要而定，优选为 3〜 12个 /电堆组。
上述技术方案中， 所述的支撑体体中支撑单元的层数不限， 视需要而定， 优 选为 2〜10层。
上述技术方案中， 所述的紧固件材料不限， 优选采用陶瓷或不锈钢制作。作 为一种实现方式， 采用紧固螺孔将紧固件与支撑单元紧固连接。
所述的通气管路设置在紧固件中间， 以实现重整器与电堆之间气流的进出， 从而减少了暴露在外的外接管路， 使电堆阵列更为简单、 紧凑。
综上所述，本发明提供了 SOFC发电系统中的一种新型电堆阵列。该结构中， 单电堆横卧放置在层状结构的支撑体上； 在每层支撑单元上， 数个横卧放置的单 电堆依次排列构成电堆组， 平稳放置在支撑单元上。 该结构具有如下优点：
( 1 ) 改进了单电堆的布置， 同时采用层状结构的支撑体支撑， 使电堆阵列 更加简单、 稳固； 并且， 由于层状结构的支撑体支撑， 支撑单元数目以及每层支 撑单元上单电堆数目可视需要调节， 因此控制更加灵活；
(2) 为了进一步增加电堆阵列的稳固性， 单电堆之间可以根据需要设置紧 固件； 在该优选的结构中， 还可以将热区结构中的重整器以及通气管路置于紧固 件中间，从而使重整器与通气管路内置在电堆阵列中， 不仅有效合理地利用了空 间， 而且避免了热区中大量的外接管路的存在， 使热区中各功能件之间的连接更 紧凑，有效解决了现有技术中由于重整器设置在环状电堆阵列中间而引起的重整 器与每个电堆的进出气孔之间的通气管路连接呈中心发射状，导致通气管路连接 较为复杂并且暴露在外， 不利于系统集成的问题。另外， 该优选结构中的每层支 撑单元上， 重整器的设置灵活， 可以在每个紧固件中间设置重整器， 以使单个重 整器产生的尾气通过通气管路供应给单个电堆发电；也可以在环状排列的紧固件 中间隔设置重整器，以使单个重整器产生的尾气通过通气管路供应给相邻两个电 堆发电， 从而减少了重整器数目， 有利于降低成本， 提高工作效率。
附图说明
图 1是现有 SOFC发电系统中电堆阵列示意图；
图 2是图 1中竖直摆放的单电堆示意图；
图 3是本发明的电堆阵列中横卧摆放的单电堆示意图；
图 4是本发明实施例 1的电堆阵列结构示意图；
图 5是本发明实施例 1的电堆阵列结构中每个支撑单元上电堆组的布置示意 图之一；
图 6是本发明实施例 1的电堆阵列结构中每个支撑单元上电堆组的另一种示 意图；
图 7是本发明实施例 2的电堆阵列结构中每个支撑单元上的电堆组布置的另 一种示意图；
图 8是本发明实施例 3的电堆阵列结构示意图；
图 9是本发明实施例 3的电堆阵列结构中每个支撑单元上的电堆组的布置示 意图之一；
图 10是本发明实施例 4的电堆阵列示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述， 需要指出的是， 以下所述 实施例旨在便于对本发明的理解， 而对其不起任何限定作用。
图 1至 7中的附图标记为： 电堆阵列 、 电堆组 2' 、 重整器 3 ' 、 单个 竖直摆放的电堆 4' 、 电堆阵列 1、 电堆组 2、 重整器 3、 单个横卧摆放的电堆 4、 支撑体 5、 支撑单元 6、 紧固件 7、 通气管路 8。
实施例 1 :
本实施例中， SOFC发电系统中的电堆阵列如图 4与 5所示， 包括支撑体 5 与电堆组 2。 支撑体 5呈层状结构， 包括 6层支撑单元 6， 支撑单元 6材质为不 锈钢。
如图 5所示， 在每层支撑单元 6上， 沿圆周摆放 8个单电堆 4， 形成环状排 列的电堆组 2， 6层支撑单元 6上的电堆组 2， 即 48个单电堆 4共同构成了电堆 阵列。
如图 3所示，每个单电堆 4呈横卧状， 即每个单电堆的进气孔与出气孔所构 成的平面大体与水平面相垂直。
如图 5所示， 相邻两个单电堆 4之间设置紧固件 7。 紧固件 7为不锈钢楔形 件与陶瓷楔形件中的一种或两种的混合， 陶瓷楔形件用于绝缘。
如图 5所示，为该电堆阵列供气的重整器 3设置在每个紧固件 7的中间， 重 整器 3与单电堆 4之间的通气管路 8也设置在紧固件 7中间， 以使每个重整器 3 产生的尾气通过通气管路 8供应给单电堆 4发电。 上述电堆阵列启动后， 稳定运行时功率达到 40kW。
作为另一种实现方式， 如图 6所示， 此时在每层支撑单元 6上， 环状排列的 紧固件 7的个数为 8， 以其中任一紧固件 7为计数起点 1， 重整器 3可以仅在第 2、 4、 6、 8件紧固件内设置， 通气管路 8也仅在第 2、 4、 6、 8件紧固件内设置， 以使单个重整器 3产生的尾气通过通气管路 8供应给相邻两个单电堆 4发电，从 而减少了重整器数目， 有利于降低成本， 提高工作效率。
实施例 2:
本实施例中， SOFC发电系统中的电堆阵列类似图 4与图 5所示， 包括支撑 体 5与电堆组 2。 支撑体 5呈层状结构， 包括 5层支撑单元 6， 支撑单元 6材质 为不锈钢。
类似图 5所示， 在每层支撑单元 6上， 沿圆周摆放 7个单电堆 4， 形成环状 排列的电堆组 2， 6层支撑单元 6上的电堆组 2， 即 35个电堆 4共同构成了电堆 阵列。
如图 3所示，每个电堆单 4呈横卧状， 即每个电堆的进出气孔所构成的平面 大体与水平面相垂直。
类似图 5所示， 相邻两个电堆单 4之间设置紧固件 7。 紧固件 7为不锈钢楔 形件与陶瓷楔形件中的一种或两种的混合， 陶瓷楔形件用于绝缘。
类似图 5所示， 重整器 3设置在每个紧固件 7的中间， 重整器 3与电堆单 4 之间的通气管路 8也设置在紧固件 7中间，以使每个重整器 3产生的尾气通过通 气管路 8供应给单电堆 4发电。
上述电堆阵列启动后， 稳定运行时功率达到 30kW。
作为另一种实现方式， 如图 7所示， 此时在每层支撑单元 6上， 环状排列的 紧固件 7的个数为 7， 以其中任一紧固件 7为计数起点 1， 重整器 3可以仅在第 1、 2、 4、 6件紧固件内设置， 或者仅在第 2、 4、 6、 7件紧固件内设置， 通气管 路 8也仅在第 1、 2、 4、 6件紧固件内设置， 或者仅在第 2、 4、 6、 7件紧固件内 设置，以使某些单个重整器 3产生的尾气通过通气管路 8供应给相邻两个单电堆 4发电， 从而减少了重整器数目， 有利于降低成本， 提高工作效率。
实施例 3:
本实施例中， SOFC发电系统中的电堆阵列 1如图 8所示， 包括支撑体 5、 与电堆组 2。 支撑体 5呈层状结构， 包括 4层支撑单元 6， 支撑单元 6材质为不 锈钢。
如图 9所示， 在每层支撑单元 6上， 沿直线摆放 8个单电堆 4， 形成直线排 列的电堆组 2， 4层支撑单元 6上的电堆组 2， 即 32个单电堆 4共同构成了电堆 阵列。
如图 3所示，每个单电堆 4呈横卧状， 即每个单电堆的进气孔与出气孔所构 成的平面大体与水平面相垂直。
如图 9所示， 电堆组之间设置紧固件 7。 紧固件 7为不锈钢楔形件与陶瓷楔 形件中的一种或两种的混合， 陶瓷楔形件用于绝缘。 如图 9所示， 重整器 3设置在每个紧固件 7的中间， 重整器 3与单电堆 4 之间的通气管路 8也设置在紧固件 7中间，以使每个重整器 3产生的尾气通过通 气管路 8供应给单电堆 4发电。
上述电堆阵列启动后， 稳定运行时功率达到 26kW。
实施例 4:
本实施例中， SOFC发电系统中的电堆阵列 1基本与实施例 3相同。 所不同 的是重整器 3并非设置在每个紧固件 7的中间，重整器 3与单电堆 4之间的通气 管路 8也并非设置在紧固件 7中间， 而是设置在电堆组旁边， 如图 10所示。 以上所述的实施例对本发明的技术方案进行了详细说明，应理解的是以上所 述仅为本发明的具体实施例， 并不用于限制本发明， 凡在本发明的原则范围内所 做的任何修改、 补充或类似方式替代等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列， 包括支撑体（5)与电 堆组 （2); 其特征是： 所述的支撑体 （5) 呈层状结构， 包括一层或两层以上的 支撑单元 （6); 每层支撑单元 （6) 支撑至少一个电堆组 （2); 每个电堆组 （2) 由数个单电堆 （4) 组成， 每个单电堆 （4) 呈横卧状。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列， 其 特征是： 所述的单电堆 （4) 之间设置紧固件 （7)。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列， 其 特征是： 所述的紧固件 （7) 中间设置重整器 （3)。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列， 其 特征是： 所述的重整器 （3) 与单电堆 （4) 之间的通气管路 （8) 设置在紧固件
(7) 中间。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一权利要求所述的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系 统中的电堆阵列， 其特征是： 所述的电堆组 （2) 中数个单电堆 （4) 依次排列， 形成闭环结构。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列， 其 特征是： 所述的电堆组 （2) 中数个单电堆 （4) 沿圆周排列， 形成闭环结构。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一权利要求所述的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系 统中的电堆阵列， 其特征是： 所述的电堆组（2)中数个单电堆（4)沿直线排列。
8、根据权利要求 2或 3所述的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列， 其特征是： 所述的紧固件 （7) 由陶瓷或不锈钢制作而成。
9、根据权利要求 3或 4所述的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统中的电堆阵列， 其特征是： 所述的重整器 （3) 是单管重整器、 列管式重整器或者片式重整器。
10、根据权利要求 1至 4中任一权利要求所述的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系 统中的电堆阵列， 其特征是： 所述的电堆组 （2) 中单电堆 （4) 数量为 3〜12 个。
11、根据权利要求 1至 4中任一权利要求所述的固体氧化物燃料电池发电系 统中的电堆阵列， 其特征是： 所述的支撑体（5)包括 2〜10层支撑单元（6) 。
12一种固体氧化物燃料电池发电系统， 其特征是： 包括权利要求 1至 4中 任一权利要求所述的电堆阵列。
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AU2013391294C1 (en) 2017-09-14
EP3007258A1 (en) 2016-04-13
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US20160111749A1 (en) 2016-04-21
JP6138356B2 (ja) 2017-05-31
US10141596B2 (en) 2018-11-27
KR101863079B1 (ko) 2018-05-31
KR20160016951A (ko) 2016-02-15
CN103311558B (zh) 2015-09-30
CN103311558A (zh) 2013-09-18
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EP3007258A4 (en) 2017-02-22
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