WO2014187676A1

WO2014187676A1 - Swashplate machine

Info

Publication number: WO2014187676A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/059416
Authority: WO
Inventors: Matthias Greiner
Original assignee: Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date: 2013-05-24
Filing date: 2014-05-08
Publication date: 2014-11-27
Also published as: DE102013209724A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a swashplate machine (1) as an axial piston pump (2) and/or axial piston motor (3), comprising a cylinder drum (5), which is supported in a rotatable or rotating manner about an axis of rotation (8) and which has piston bores (6), pistons (7) movably supported in the piston bores (6), a drive shaft (9) connected to the cylinder drum (5) in a rotationally fixed manner, a pivot cradle (14) pivotably supported about a pivot axis (15), a cradle bearing for the pivot cradle (14), at least one pivoting device (24) for pivoting the pivot cradle (14), which is connected to the pivot cradle (14) at one connection point (32) per pivoting device, a low-pressure opening for conducting hydraulic fluid into and/or out of the rotating piston bores (6), a high-pressure opening for conducting hydraulic fluid out of and/or into the rotating piston bores (6), wherein the swashplate machine (1) is divided into a fictitious first part having the high-pressure opening on the cylinder drum (5) and a fictitious second part having the low-pressure opening on the cylinder drum (5) in a fictitious section having a fictitious section plane in and parallel to the axis of rotation (8) of the cylinder drum (5) and perpendicular to the pivot axis (15) of the pivot cradle (14) and the resulting force applied to the pivot cradle (14) by the at least one pivoting device (24), in particular due to the design and/or arrangement of the at least one connection point (32), can be introduced into the pivot cradle (14) on the fictitious second part in order to reduce the occurring compressive forces between the cradle bearing and the pivot cradle (14) on the fictitious first part, wherein the at least one connection point (32) on the pivot cradle (14), in particular all connection points (32), for the at least one pivoting device (24) is or are designed as a separate component (16) in addition to the rest of the pivot cradle (14).

Description

description

title

The present invention relates to a swash plate machine according to the

The preamble of claim 1 and a drive train according to the preamble of claim 9.

State of the art

Swash plate machines serve as axial piston pumps for converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and as axial piston motor for converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. A

Cylinder drum with piston bores is rotatably or rotatably mounted and pistons are arranged in the piston bores. The cylinder drum is rotatably connected to a drive shaft and on a first part of the rotating piston bores temporarily acts a hydraulic fluid under high pressure and a second part of the rotating piston bores temporarily acts a hydraulic fluid under low pressure. A pivoting cradle is around one

Swivel axis mounted pivotably and on the pivoting cradle is on a retaining disc with sliding shoes. The pistons are attached to the sliding shoes. The retaining disc with the sliding shoes performs together with the cylinder drum a rotational movement about an axis of rotation and a flat bearing surface of the pivoting cradle is at an acute angle to

Example between 0 ° and + 20 ° and between 0 ° and -20 °, aligned with the axis of rotation of the cylinder barrel. In an orientation of the support surface of the pivoting cradle perpendicular to the axis of rotation, d. H. with a swivel angle of 0 °, can be from the swash plate machine no mechanical in

hydraulic energy to be converted and vice versa. With two

Pivoting means, the pivot angle of the support surface relative to the Rotation axis, for example, between -20 ° and + 20 ° to be changed and the pivoting bring it a compressive force on the pivoting cradle. The pivoting cradle is on two bearing shells of a housing

Swash plate machine stored. In this case, greater forces are applied to the pivoting cradle of the rotating piston to hydraulic fluid under high pressure than from the piston to hydraulic fluid under low pressure. The two bearing shells are thereby subjected to an uneven pressure and the bearing shell on the fictitious first part of

Swash plate machine is exposed to a greater compressive force than the bearing shell on the fictitious second part of the swash plate machine with the low-pressure opening. The swashplate machine is of a fictional type

Section plane or center plane parallel to and in the axis of rotation of the cylinder drum and perpendicular to the pivot axis of the pivoting cradle divided into the fictitious first part and the fictitious second part. Due to these occurring different pressure forces on the two bearing shells on the two fictitious parts of the swash plate machine occurs at the one

Bearing shell or the corresponding sliding bearing on a higher mechanical wear, thereby adversely the service life of the swash plate machine is reduced. In addition, complex and costly measures for the slide bearing of the

Swing cradle required due to the larger pressure forces. The two pivoting devices and thus also the two connection points between the pivoting devices and the pivoting cradle are arranged centrally, that is to say in the fictitious sectional plane or center plane, so that the pressure forces applied by the two pivoting devices to the pivoting cradle are distributed uniformly over the two bearing shells. However, since larger forces are applied by the pistons under high pressure to the first part of the swash plate machine than from the pistons to the second part under low pressure, just mentioned uneven pressure forces occur on the two bearing shells and the bearing shell on the first fictitious part of

Swash plate machine thus has much greater compressive forces than the bearing shell on the fictitious second part of the swash plate machine.

EP 1 013 928 A2 shows an axial piston pump in swash plate construction with a driven circumferential and a plurality of piston bores arranged therein cylinder barrel, wherein in the respective by Webs of separate piston bores are arranged linearly between a bottom dead center and a top dead center movable piston and a low-pressure connection kidney and a high pressure connection kidney having control disk is provided.

The CH 405 934 shows a Schrägscheibenaxialkolbenpumpe whose non-rotating cylinder block for varying the flow rate in dependence on the delivery pressure is longitudinally displaceable, wherein at the pressed by a spring in the direction of increasing the delivery cylinder block a

Control slide unit is attached with a spool.

DE 27 33 870 C2 shows a control device for a

Oblique disk axial piston pump, on each side of the cradle for pivoting the swash plate, each a hydraulically acted upon

Swinging wing on the engine attacks, both motors by means of a pivotable about the pivot axis of the cradle arranged plate-shaped

Control valve spool are controllable and are used to adjust the flow rate of the pump.

From DE 10 2012 215 240 A1 is a generic

Swash plate machine known. The swash plate machine has the bearing balls on the pivoting cradle on a fictitious second part, thereby reducing the pressure forces between the cradle and the pivoting cradle on a fictional first part are reduced with a high-pressure opening, however, a machining of the bearing portions of the pivoting cradle due to the pivot arms is expensive and expensive.

Disclosure of the Invention Advantages of the Invention

Swash plate machine according to the invention as axial piston pump and / or axial piston motor, comprising one rotatable about an axis of rotation or

rotating cylinder drum with piston bores, in the

Piston bores movably mounted pistons, one with the cylinder drum rotatably connected drive shaft, a swivel cradle mounted pivotably about a pivot axis, a weighing storage for the pivoting cradle, at least one pivoting device for pivoting the pivoting cradle, which is connected to the pivoting cradle at a respective connection point, a low-pressure opening for injecting and / or discharging hydraulic fluid in the and / or from the rotating piston bores, a high-pressure opening for discharging and / or introducing hydraulic fluid from and / or into the rotating piston bores, wherein in a notional section having a notional sectional plane in and parallel to the axis of rotation of the cylinder drum and perpendicular to the Swivel axis of the swivel cradle the

Swash plate machine in a fictitious first part with the high-pressure opening on the cylinder drum and a fictitious second part with the

Low pressure opening is divided on the cylinder drum and the force applied by the at least one pivoting device on the pivoting cradle resulting force, in particular due to the formation and / or arrangement of the at least one connection point on the fictitious second part in the pivoting cradle can be introduced to the pressure forces occurring between the Weighing storage and the pivoting cradle to reduce the fictitious first part, wherein the at least one connection point, in particular all connection points, on the pivoting cradle for the at least one

Swivel device is designed as a separate component in addition to the rest of the pivoting cradle or are.

The resultant of the at least one pivoting device on the pivoting cradle resulting force, in particular total force is applied to the fictitious second part of the pivoting cradle. The indirectly applied by the movably mounted pistons on the pivoting cradle forces are greater on the first fictitious part of the swash plate machine than on the fictitious second part of the swash plate machine, since the located on the fictitious first part of the swash plate machine piston are under high pressure and thereby on the pivoting cradle of the piston is applied to the first part a greater force. For uniform distribution of the force acting on the weighing storage forces between the first and second fictitious part thus acting on the at least one pivoting force resulting force acts on the fictitious second part of the swash plate machine or pivoting cradle, thereby characterized the weighing storage compared to an application of the resulting force is less loaded on the fictitious sectional plane or median plane at the first part and is loaded to a greater extent on the fictitious second part. As a result, with a corresponding design, a substantially uniform application of force to the weighing storage between the first and second fictitious part can be achieved. Due to the formation of at least one connection point as a separate component in addition to the rest of the pivoting cradle in the manufacture of the pivoting cradle, the pivoting cradle can first be made without the at least one connection point, in particular first a bearing section on the

Pivoting cradle, z. B. with turning and / or grinding, are processed, so that the machining tool for the machining initially is not hindered by the at least one connection point. Only after the machining of the at least one bearing section is the at least one connection point, in particular the at least one pivot arm, each with a connection point, connected to the rest of the pivoting cradle.

In a further embodiment, the weighing storage is to the effect

designed such that the pivot axis of the pivoting cradle in a

Swiveling the pivoting cradle a pan or rotation and

Translational movement performs. The swivel cradle thus leads to the

Pivoting both a pivoting movement and a

Translational movement off. Preferably, the at least one pivoting device is designed as a spindle drive with an electric motor for driving the spindle drive.

In an additional embodiment, the at least one connection point on the pivoting cradle for the at least one pivoting device is formed on a respective pivoting arm or a respective pivoting rod, so that the at least one pivoting arm

Swivel arm or the at least one pivoting rod is formed as a separate component in addition to the rest of the pivoting cradle and / or applied by the at least one pivoting device on the pivoting cradle resulting force is exclusively on the second part in the pivoting cradle introduced and / or the swashplate machine several

Swiveling devices includes and in all pivoting devices, the from the pivoting devices on the pivoting cradle applied resulting forces exclusively on the second part in the pivoting cradle can be introduced. Preferably, the resulting forces are introduced or can be introduced from all the pivoting devices on the second part, in particular exclusively, into the pivoting cradle, so that all resulting forces applied by the pivoting devices to the pivoting cradle contribute to the uniform application of force to the cradle support. In a supplementary variant, the at least one pivoting arm or the at least one pivoting rod is positively and / or non-positively connected to the rest of the pivoting cradle, in particular with a screw and / or plug and / or press connection, and / or on the rest of the pivoting cradle is at least a recess, in particular a bore, formed and within the bore is a second end region of the at least one

Schwenkarmes or the at least one pivot rod arranged to connect the at least one pivot arm or the at least one pivot rod with the rest of the pivoting cradle and / or applied by the at least one pivoting device on the pivoting cradle resulting force is at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0, 5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm to the fictitious sectional plane at the second part in the pivoting cradle can be introduced and / or the at least one connection point is at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm to the fictitious sectional plane formed on the second part and / or the swash plate machine comprises a plurality of pivoting devices and all pivoting devices are applied to the pivoting cradle resulting Forces at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm to the fictitious sectional plane on the second part in the Schw einkwiege einbringbar and / or the at least one connection point and / or the at least one pivoting device, in particular all connection points and / or all

Pivoting means, is or are formed at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm to the notional sectional plane at the second part. With the screw, plug or press connection, the at least one swivel arm or swivel bar is particularly easy and be reliably connected after the machining of the bearing portion with the pivoting cradle.

In a supplementary variant, the amount of the difference of the distance from the geometric center of gravity of the high-pressure opening to the fictitious

Sectional plane and of the at least one connection point to the fictitious sectional plane less than 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm, wherein the distance is aligned perpendicular to the notional sectional plane.

Appropriately, the swash plate machine has two pivoting devices, in particular only two pivoting devices, on and / or on the

Swivel cradle are two pivot arms or two pivot rods formed and the connection points are formed on a first end portion of the pivot arms or pivot rods and / or at least one connection point, in particular all joints, is or are, in particular exclusively, formed outside the fictitious sectional plane and / or at least a pivot arm or the at least one pivot rod has a first end portion and a second end portion and the first and second end portions are formed at opposite end portions and at the first end portion, the joint is formed and at the second end portion of the at least one pivot arm or the at least one pivot rod the remaining pivoting cradle is connected, in particular is arranged within the recess on the rest of the pivoting cradle.

In particular, the at least one interface is thus not cut from the fictitious sectional plane.

In an additional embodiment, the at least one

Pivoting means an adjusting piston for applying a compressive force on the at least one connection point and preferably the pressure force is aligned in the direction of the axis of rotation to the pivoting cradle. The

Swivel device has an adjusting piston, which is acted upon in particular by a hydraulic fluid, and thereby is of the

Adjusting piston, in particular exclusively, applied a compressive force in the direction of the axis of rotation in the direction of the pivoting cradle of the pivoting device on the pivoting cradle at the connection point. In an additional embodiment, the swash plate machine has a housing and the housing is formed in one or more parts and / or the weighing storage is formed by two bearing shells on soft directly or indirectly depending on a bearing portion of the pivoting cradle and the

Bearing shells are preferably arranged separately in the first and second fictitious part of the swashplate machine. The two bearing shells can also be connected to one another by means of a connecting shell of the bearing shell cut from the fictitious sectional plane. In an additional embodiment, the bearing shells are formed on the housing and / or the bearing shells and the at least one bearing portion are formed in a section parallel to the fictitious sectional plane circular segment. A circular segment-shaped design of the bearing shells and the bearing section in the section parallel to the fictitious sectional plane is required to pivotally mount the pivoting cradle about a pivot axis.

In a supplementary embodiment, the weighing storage is designed as a slide bearing.

In a further variant, in a fictitious additional sectional plane parallel to the notional sectional plane of the notional additional sectional plane, the at least one connection point, in particular all connection points, on the

Swivel cradle and cut the bearing shell at the weighing storage in the fictitious second part. Advantageously thus effect in unpressurized

Piston holes and from the pivoting devices on the

Joint forces applied these forces no tilting moment on the pivoting cradle, so that the pivoting cradle constantly rests with both bearing sections on the two bearings on the weighing storage.

In an additional embodiment, the weighing storage is designed as a rolling bearing and rolling elements, for example balls or rollers, are arranged between the bearing shell and the bearing sections. In an additional embodiment, the swashplate machine includes a valve disk having the high pressure port and the low pressure port and the valve disk rests on the cylinder drum and preferably the high-pressure opening and the low-pressure opening are kidney-shaped. The high-pressure opening is formed on the first fictitious part and the low-pressure opening is formed on the second fictitious part of the swash plate machine. The valve disc is fixed and does not rotate and is located on the rotating cylinder drum directly or indirectly. As a result, the piston bores formed in the cylinder drum can be acted upon alternately with the hydraulic fluid under high pressure or low pressure.

In a supplementary embodiment, the swashplate machine on a retaining disc and on the retaining disc sliding shoes are fixed on soft each piston is attached, so that the retaining disc together with the shoes the rotational movement of the cylinder drum with the piston performs and the retaining disc on the pivoting cradle indirectly or immediately.

Inventive drive train for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one swash plate machine for converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and vice versa, at least one pressure accumulator, wherein the swash plate machine as one in this patent application

described swash plate machine is formed.

Preferably, the drive train comprises two swash plate machines, which are hydraulically connected to each other and act as a hydraulic transmission and / or the drive train comprises two pressure accumulator ais

High pressure accumulator and low pressure accumulator.

Brief description of the drawings

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention below

With reference to the accompanying drawings described in more detail. It shows:

1 is a longitudinal section of a swash plate machine, Fig. 2 shows a cross section AA of FIG. 1 a valve disc of

Swashplate machine and a view of a pivoting cradle,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the pivoting cradle with a

Cylindrical drum and a valve disc,

4 shows a cross section of a pivoting cradle and a bearing shell for

the pivoting cradle of the swashplate machine according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 5 is a bending beam model of the pivoting cradle and

6 shows a drive train for a motor vehicle.

Embodiments of the invention

A swashplate machine 1 shown in a longitudinal section in FIG. 1 serves as axial piston pump 2 for conversion or conversion of mechanical energy (torque, speed) into hydraulic energy (volume flow, pressure) or as axial piston motor 3 for conversion or conversion of hydraulic energy (volume flow, pressure ) into mechanical energy (torque,

Rotation speed). A drive shaft 9 is by means of two bearings 10 on a one-piece or multi-part housing 4 of the swash plate machine 1 to a

Rotation axis 8 rotatably or rotatably mounted (Fig. 1). With the drive shaft 9, a cylinder drum 5 is rotatably connected, so thereby the

Cylinder drum 5, the rotational movement of the drive shaft 9 carries out with. In the cylinder drum 5, a plurality of piston bores 6 with an arbitrary cross section, for example square or circular, incorporated. The longitudinal axes of the piston bores 6 are substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 8 of the drive shaft 9 or the cylinder drum 5

aligned. In the piston bores 6 each have a piston 7 is movably mounted. A pivoting cradle 14 is mounted pivotably about a pivot axis 15 on the housing 4. The pivot axis 15 is perpendicular to the

Drawing plane of Fig. 1 and 4 and aligned parallel to the plane of Fig. 2. The axis of rotation 8 of the cylinder drum 5 is parallel to and in 1 and perpendicular to the plane of the drawing of FIG. 2.

The pivoting cradle 14 has a planar or planned support surface 18 for the indirect support of a retaining disk 37, since between the

Retaining disc 37 and the support surface 18 of the pivoting cradle 14, an intermediate disc 38 is arranged. The retaining disc 37 is provided with a plurality of sliding shoes 39 and each sliding block 39 is connected to a respective piston 7. For this purpose, the sliding block 39 a

Bearing ball 40 (Fig. 1), which is fixed in a bearing cup 59 on the piston 7. The partially spherical bearing ball 40 and

Bearing pan 59 are both complementary or spherical, so that in a corresponding movement possibility to each other between the bearing ball 40 and the bearing cup 59 to the piston 7, a permanent connection between the piston 7 and the shoe 39 is present. The

Washer 38 serves to frictional forces between the rotating retaining disc 37 and the rotationally fixed and non-rotating around the

Rotary axis 8 mounted pivoting cradle 14 to reduce. Due to the connection of the piston 7 with the rotating cylinder drum 5 and the

Connection of the bearing cups 59 with the sliding shoes 39 guide the sliding shoes

39 a rotational movement about the axis of rotation 8 with out and due to the fixed connection or arrangement of the sliding blocks 39 on the retaining disc 37 and the retaining plate 37 performs a rotational movement about the

Rotation axis 8 with out. Thus, the retaining plate 37 is in constant indirect contact with the support surface 18 of the pivoting cradle 14, this is pressed by a compression spring 41 under a compressive force on the support surface 18.

The pivoting cradle 14 is - as already mentioned - pivotally mounted about the pivot axis 15 and further comprises an opening 42 (Fig. 1 and 3) for

Carrying out the drive shaft 9. On the housing 4, a weighing storage 20 is formed and this weighing storage 20 is shown only dashed due to the sectional formation in Fig. 1. At the weighing storage 20 is a

Bearing shell 21 (FIG. 4) is formed, which is formed in a section perpendicular to the pivot axis 15 of FIG. 1 and 4 kreissegmentformig. In this case, two bearing sections 17 are formed on the pivoting cradle 14, which in This section are circular segment-shaped. The two bearing portions 17 of the pivoting cradle 14 lie on the two bearing shells 21 of the weighing storage 20 directly on. The pivoting cradle 14 is thus pivotably mounted about the pivot axis 15 by means of a slide bearing 22 on the cradle support 20 or the housing 4. In the illustration in Fig. 1, the support surface 18 according to the sectional formation in Fig. 1 has a pivot angle α of approximately + 20 °. The pivot angle α is between a fictitious plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 8 and one of the flat bearing surface 18 of

The pivoting cradle 14 can be pivoted between a pivoting angle α between + 20 ° and -20 ° by means of two pivoting devices 24. A notional sectional plane 33 is oriented perpendicular to the pivot axis 15 of the pivot cradle 14 and parallel to and in the axis of rotation 8 of the cylinder barrel 5, d. H. the axis of rotation 8 lies in the fictitious

Section plane 33. In Fig. 1, the plane of the drawing corresponds to the notional sectional plane

33 and in Fig. 2, the notional sectional plane 33 is shown by dashed lines and perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 2. The fictitious sectional plane 33 divides the

Swash plate machine 1 in a first notional part 34 and a second notional part 35. The first notional part 34 is shown in Fig. 1 above the plane and in Fig. 2 left of the fictitious sectional plane 33 and the second fictitious part 35 is below The two pivoting devices 24 are arranged off-center or not on the fictitious sectional plane 33 or fictitious center plane 34, but on the second fictitious part 35. This means in the sectional view of FIG. 1, the two pivoting means 24 shown only by dashed lines, since they are actually not cut in the section of FIG.

The first and second pivoting means 25, 26 as pivoting means 24 are arranged on the second fictitious part 35 and thereby has a

Junction 32 as the middle junction 32 between the

Swivel device 24 and the pivoting cradle 14 to the fictitious

Cutting plane 33 a distance 36 (Fig. 2 and 5). The distance 36 is perpendicular to the fictitious sectional plane 33 or represents the minimum distance from the central connection point 32 to the fictitious sectional plane 33. The two pivoting devices 24 each have an adjusting piston 29, which is movably mounted in an adjusting cylinder 30. The adjusting piston 29 or an axis of the adjusting cylinder 30 is aligned substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 8 of the cylinder drum 5. At an end region of the adjusting piston 29 shown on the left in FIG. 1, the latter has one

Bearing cup 31 as a junction 32, in which a bearing ball 19 as

Joint 32 is mounted. The bearing ball 19 is at a

Swivel arm 16 (Fig. 1 to 3) of the pivoting cradle 14 is present. The first and second pivoting means 25, 26 is thus connected to a respective pivot ball 19 on a respective pivot arm 16 with the pivoting cradle 14.

Deviating from this, in an embodiment, not shown, the

Junction 32 on the pivoting cradle 14 may be formed as a bearing cup 31 and the connection point 32 on the adjusting piston 29 as a bearing ball 19. By opening one of the two valves 27, 28 as the first valve 27 to the first pivoting device 25 and the second valve 28 at the second gift device 26 as shown in Fig. 1, the

Pivoting cradle 14 are pivoted about the pivot axis 15, since a force is applied to the adjusting piston 29 at the open valve 27, 28. It leads not only the pivoting cradle 14, but also the

Retaining disc 37 due to the pressurization with the compression spring 41, this pivotal movement of the pivoting cradle 14 with.

During operation of the swash plate machine 1 as axial piston pump 2, the larger the absolute value of the volume flow delivered by the swash plate machine 1, the larger the absolute value of the

Swivel angle α is and vice versa. For this purpose, a valve disk 1 1 is located on the end of the cylinder drum 5 shown on the right in FIG. 1, with a kidney-shaped high-pressure opening 12 and a kidney-shaped

Low-pressure opening 13. The piston bores 6 of the rotating cylinder drum 5 are thus fluidly connected in an arrangement on the high-pressure opening 12 with the high-pressure opening 12 and in an arrangement on the

Low-pressure port 13 fluidly connected to the low pressure port 13. The high pressure port 12 is at the first fictitious part 34 and the

Low pressure port 13 formed on the second fictitious part 35. At a swivel angle α of 0 ° and in an operation of the swash plate machine, for example, as axial piston 2, despite a rotational movement of the

Drive shaft 9 and the cylinder drum 5 no hydraulic fluid from the Axial piston pump 2 promoted because the piston 7 perform no strokes in the piston bores 6.

When the swash plate machine 1 is operated both as an axial piston pump 2 and as an axial piston motor 3, they are temporarily in the first fictitious part 34 in fluid-conducting connection with the high-pressure opening 12

Piston holes 6 a greater pressure on hydraulic fluid than the piston bores 6 on the second fictitious part 35, which are temporarily in fluid communication with the low-pressure port 13. The

resulting force as a compressive force, which is applied by all the pistons 7 in the direction of the axis of rotation 8 on the pivoting cradle 14 is thus eccentrically as a resultant force F _z , that is not arranged on the fictitious sectional plane 33 of FIG. 2, but as shown in FIG 2 left of the fictitious sectional plane 33. As a result, the two bearing shells 21st

unevenly acted upon by the resulting compressive force F _z , that is the

Bearing shell 21 on the first fictitious part 34 has a larger

Pressurization due to the resultant force F _z , as the

Bearing shell 21 on the second fictitious part 35. Furthermore, bring the two pivoting means 24 a resultant force as a compressive force F _s in the direction of the axis of rotation 8 on the pivoting cradle 14 on. The two

Connecting points 32 in this case have the distance 36 to the fictitious sectional plane 33 and thereby also has the resulting pressure force F _s of

Swiveling 24 on the distance 36 to the notional sectional plane 33. In this case, the distance 36 of the two connection points 32 is chosen such that the resultant force F _L on the two bearing shells 21 in

Is substantially the same, so that the two bearing shells 21 are acted upon at the first and second notional part 34, 35 respectively with the substantially same compressive force. In Fig. 5, a bending beam model for the pivoting cradle 14 is shown. A bending beam 43 is mounted on two beam bearings 44, which correspond to the two bearing shells 21. On the bending beam 44, the resulting pressure force F _{z of} all pistons 7 and the resulting pressure force F _{s of} the two pivoting devices 24. The resulting force F _L as a bearing force of the two beam bearings 44 is substantially equal. The resulting force (not shown) only that of the piston 7 at the

High-pressure opening 12 on the pivoting cradle 14 applied resulting

Force lies in a projection of the resulting force in the direction of Rotation axis 8 on the bearing shell 21 on the fictitious first part 34, wherein this resulting force performs a traveling movement during operation, because a different number of pistons 7 in fluidleitender

Connection with the high pressure port 12 are.

The two pivot arms 16 are formed as a separate component in addition to the rest of the pivoting cradle 14. The bearing balls 19 to the

Swivel arms 16 and pivot bars 16 are formed on a first end portion 61 of the pivot arms 16 and at a second end portion 62 of the pivot arms 16, the pivot arms 16 are in a bore 64th

formed recess 63 on the remaining pivoting cradle 14 connected to the rest of the pivoting cradle 14. This is the connection between the second end portion 62 of the pivot arm 16 and the

Pivoting cradle 14 at the recess 63 by a screw, plug or press connection 65. Another fictitious, shown in Fig. 2 by dashed lines

Additional sectional plane 23 parallel to the notional sectional plane 33 intersects both the two bearing balls 19 and the two bearing cups 31, d. H. the two connection points 32, and also the bearing shell 21 on the housing 4 and the bearing portion 17 on the pivoting cradle 14 in the fictitious second part 35. In unpressurized piston bores 6 and when applying a force to the

Pivoting cradle 14 at the connection points 32 with the pivoting means 24 thus causes this force no tilting moment of the pivoting cradle 14, so that even in this operating condition, both bearing portions 17 on the pivoting cradle 14 constantly rest on the bearing shells 21 on the housing 4.

In Fig. 6, an inventive drive train 45 is shown. The drive train 45 according to the invention has an internal combustion engine 46, which drives a planetary gear 48 by means of a shaft 47. With the

Planetary gear 48, two shafts 47 are driven, wherein a first shaft 47 is connected to a clutch 49 with a differential gear 56. A second or other shaft driven by the planetary gear 48 drives a first swash plate machine 50 through a clutch 49, and the first swash plate machine 50 is hydraulically connected by means of two hydraulic lines 52 to a second swash plate machine 51. The first and second swash plate machines 50, 51 thereby form a hydraulic

Transmission 60 and of the second swash plate machine 51 can by means of a Shaft 47 and the differential gear 56 are driven. The

Differential gear 56 drives the wheels 57 with the wheel shafts 58. Furthermore, the drive train 45 has two pressure accumulators 53 as a high-pressure accumulator 54 and as a low-pressure accumulator 55. The two pressure accumulator 53 are not shown by means of hydraulic lines with the two swash plate machines

50, 51 hydraulically connected, so that thereby mechanical energy of the engine 46 in the high-pressure accumulator 54 can be hydraulically stored and also in a recuperation of a motor vehicle with the drive train 45 also kinetic energy of the motor vehicle in the high-pressure accumulator 54 can be hydraulically stored. By means of in the

High-pressure accumulator 54 stored hydraulic energy can be driven with a swash plate machine 50, 51 in addition, the differential gear 56.

Overall, significant advantages are associated with the swash plate machine 1 according to the invention. The two pivoting devices 24 are eccentrically formed on the second fictitious part 35 of the swash plate machine 1, thereby characterized by the two bearing shells 21st

absorbed bearing forces are substantially equal. As a result, an unnecessarily large wear on the bearing shell 21 on the first notional part 34 can be avoided in an advantageous manner. The plain bearing 22 is thus equipped with a longer life and the cost of producing the swash plate machine 1 can be reduced because the sliding bearing 22 is to be dimensioned only to lower pressure forces. The two bearing sections 17 on the pivoting cradle 14 can be particularly simple in the production

machined, z. B. with turning, milling and / or grinding, are processed because the pivoting cradle 14 is first prepared as a separate component without the two pivot arms 16 and the machining tool for the machining of the bearing portions 17 without spatial

Obstruction by the pivot arms 16 can be moved. Only after the final production and processing of the bearing portions 17, the two pivot arms 16 are connected to the rest of the pivoting cradle 14. Thus, the cost of production can be significantly reduced and the quality of the machining of the bearing section 17 can be significantly increased.

Claims

Swashplate machine (1) as an axial piston pump (2) and/or axial piston motor (3), comprising

- a cylinder drum (5) with piston bores (6) which can be rotated or rotated about a rotation axis (8),

- Pistons (7) movably mounted in the piston bores (6),

- one with the cylinder drum

(5) non-rotatably connected drive shaft (9),

- One which is pivotably mounted about a pivot axis (14).

swivel cradle (15),

- a cradle bearing (20) for the swivel cradle (15),

- at least one pivoting device (24) for pivoting the pivoting cradle (14), which is connected to the pivoting cradle (14) at one connection point (32),

- a low-pressure opening (13) for introducing and/or discharging

Hydraulic fluid in and/or out of the rotating

piston bores (6),

- a high-pressure opening (12) for discharging and/or introducing

Hydraulic fluid from and/or into the rotating

Piston bores

(6), where

- in a fictitious section with a fictitious cutting plane (33) in and parallel to the axis of rotation (8) of the cylinder drum (5) and perpendicular to the pivot axis (15) of the pivot cradle (14), the swashplate machine (1) is divided into a fictitious first part ( 34) with the high-pressure opening (12) on the cylinder drum (5) and a fictitious second part (35) with the low-pressure opening (13) on the

Cylinder drum (5) is divided and the resulting force applied by the at least one pivoting device (24, 25, 26) to the pivoting cradle (14), in particular due to the design and / or arrangement of the at least one

Connection point (32), at the fictitious second part (35) in the Swivel cradle (14) can be introduced in order to reduce the pressure forces that occur between the cradle bearing (20) and the swivel cradle (14) on the fictitious first part (34), characterized in that the at least one connection point (32) on the swivel cradle (14 ), in particular all connection points (32), for which at least one pivoting device (24) is or are designed as a separate component (16) in addition to the remaining pivoting cradle (14).

Swashplate machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one connection point (32) on the swivel cradle (14) for the at least one swivel device (24) is formed on one swivel arm (16) or one swivel rod (16), so that the at least the swivel arm (16) or the at least one swivel rod (16) is designed as a separate component (16) in addition to the remaining swivel cradle (14).

and or

which from the at least one pivoting device (24) to the

The resulting force applied to the swivel cradle (14) can only be introduced into the swivel cradle (14) on the second part (35) and/or

the swashplate machine (1) comprises a plurality of pivoting devices (24) and for all pivoting devices (24), the resulting forces applied to the pivoting cradle (14) by the pivoting devices (24) can only be introduced into the pivoting cradle (14) on the second part (35). .

Swashplate machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one swivel arm (16) or the at least one

Swivel rod (16) positively and/or non-positively with the rest

Swivel cradle (14) is connected, in particular with a screw and/or plug and/or press connection (65)

and or

at least one recess (63), in particular a bore (64), is formed on the remaining swivel cradle (14) and within the bore (64) a second end region (62) of the at least one

Swivel arm (16) or the at least one swivel rod (16) is arranged to connect the at least one swivel arm (16) or the at least one swivel rod (16) to the rest

Swivel cradle (14)

and or

which from the at least one pivoting device (24) to the

Swivel cradle (14) applied resultant force at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm to the fictitious cutting plane (33) on the second part (35) can be inserted into the swivel cradle (14).

and or

the at least one connection point (32) at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm from the fictitious cutting plane (33) on the fictitious second Part (35) is formed

and or

the swashplate machine (1) comprises several pivoting devices (24) and for all pivoting devices (24) the resulting forces applied to the pivoting cradle (14) in one

Distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm to the fictitious cutting plane (33) on the second part (35) in the swivel cradle (14) can be introduced

and or

the at least one connection point (32) and/or the at least one pivoting device (24), in particular all connection points (32) and/or all pivoting devices (24), at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm , 3cm, 5cm,

7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm to the fictitious cutting plane (33) on the fictitious second part (35) is or are trained.

Swashplate machine according to one or more of the

preceding claims, characterized in that the swashplate machine (1) has two pivoting devices (24), in particular only two pivoting devices (24).

and or

on the swivel cradle (14) two swivel arms (16) or two

Pivot rods (16) are formed and the connection points (32) are formed at a first end region of the pivot arms (16) or pivot rods (16).

and or

the at least one connection point (32), in particular all connection points (32), are formed outside the fictitious sectional plane (33), in particular exclusively

and or

the at least one swivel arm (16) or the at least one

Pivoting rod (16) has a first end region (61) and a second end region (62) and the first and second end regions (61, 62) are formed on opposite end regions (61, 62) and on the first end region (61) the connection point ( 32) is formed and at the second end region (62) the at least one swivel arm (16) or the at least one swivel rod (16) with the remaining one

Swivel cradle (14) is connected, especially within the

Recess (63) is arranged on the remaining swivel cradle (14).

Swashplate machine according to one or more of the

preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one pivoting device (24) has an adjusting piston (29) for applying a compressive force to the at least one Connection point (32) and preferably the compressive force in the direction of the axis of rotation

(8) is aligned with the swivel cradle (14).

Swashplate machine according to one or more of the

preceding claims, characterized in that the swashplate machine (1) has a housing (4) and that

Housing (4) is designed in one or more parts

and or

the cradle bearing (20) is formed by two bearing shells (21) on each of which, directly or indirectly, a bearing section (17).

Swivel cradle (14) rests and the bearing shells (21) are preferably separated in the first and second fictitious parts (34, 35).

Swashplate machine (1) are arranged.

Swashplate machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the bearing shells (21) are formed on the housing (4).

and or

the bearing shells (21) and the at least one bearing section (17) in a section parallel to the fictitious sectional plane (33)

are designed in the shape of a segment of a circle.

Swashplate machine according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that in a fictitious additional cutting plane (23) parallel to the fictitious

Sectional plane (33) from the fictitious additional sectional plane (23) which has at least one connection point (32), in particular all connection points (32), on the swivel cradle (14) and the bearing shell (21) on the cradle bearing (20) in the fictitious second part ( 35) are cut.

9. Drive train (45) for a motor vehicle, comprising

- at least one swashplate machine (1) for converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and vice versa,

- At least one pressure accumulator (53), characterized in that the swashplate machine (1) is designed according to one or more of the preceding claims.

10. Drive train according to claim 9, characterized in that the drive train (45) comprises two swashplate machines (1), which are hydraulically connected to one another and function as a hydraulic transmission (60).

and or

the drive train (45) comprises two pressure accumulators (53) as high-pressure accumulators (54) and low-pressure accumulators (55).