WO2014176859A1 - 基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法及系统 - Google Patents

基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014176859A1
WO2014176859A1 PCT/CN2013/083338 CN2013083338W WO2014176859A1 WO 2014176859 A1 WO2014176859 A1 WO 2014176859A1 CN 2013083338 W CN2013083338 W CN 2013083338W WO 2014176859 A1 WO2014176859 A1 WO 2014176859A1
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Prior art keywords
resonant
resonant circuit
frequency
circuit
switching
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PCT/CN2013/083338
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李聃
龙海岸
孙伟
鄢海峰
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海尔集团技术研发中心
海尔集团公司
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Publication of WO2014176859A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014176859A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4241—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a resonant converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of radio energy transmission, and more particularly to a method and system for power factor correction based on a radio energy transmission system.
  • PFC Power Factor Correction
  • the power factor can measure the extent to which the energy is effectively utilized. When the power factor value is larger, it represents the power. The higher the utilization rate.
  • the radio energy transmission system includes a radio energy transmitting unit and a radio energy receiving unit.
  • the radio energy receiving unit is coupled by a magnetic field generated by the radio energy transmitting unit, and the magnetic field energy is converted into electric energy by the picking coil, thereby realizing contactless power transmission. Since the radio energy transmitting unit is connected to the mains, in order to reduce the pollution of the power transmission harmonics of the radio energy transmission product, it is necessary to increase the power factor of the radio energy transmitter.
  • the PFC circuit is used to improve the power factor.
  • the traditional PFC circuit is divided into a passive (passive) PFC circuit and an active (passive) PFC circuit.
  • the inductance compensation method is generally used to reduce the phase difference between the fundamental current and the voltage of the AC input. Small to improve the power factor.
  • the passive PFC structure is relatively simple, and the power factor can only reach 0.7 ⁇ 0.8, but the volume is large, the structure is cumbersome, and the work often generates large noise.
  • the active PFC circuit is composed of high-frequency inductors, switching tubes and capacitors.
  • the waveform of the current is adjusted by a dedicated IC (ie, an integrated circuit) to compensate the phase difference between the current and voltage.
  • the power factor can reach 0.98 or more, but the structure Complex, high cost.
  • the invention provides a method and system for power factor correction based on a radio energy transmission system, so that the power factor correction of the radio energy transmission system is low in cost, small in volume and no noise.
  • the present invention employs the following technical solutions:
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for power factor correction based on a wireless power transmission system, including:
  • the resonant circuit includes a compensation circuit at the front end of the transmitting coil and the transmitting coil;
  • the switching frequency of the switching power supply is adjusted to be the same as the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, so that the resonant circuit operates in a resonant state or a quasi-resonant state.
  • the switching frequency of the switching power supply is adjusted to be consistent with the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, so that the resonant circuit operates in a resonant state:
  • the switching frequency of the switching power supply is adjusted to be consistent with the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, so that the resonant circuit operates in a quasi-resonant state:
  • the parameters of the circuit elements of the resonant circuit are adjusted such that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit coincides with the switching frequency of the switching power supply, such that the resonant circuit operates in a quasi-resonant state.
  • the switching frequency of the switching power supply is adjusted to be consistent with the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, so that the resonant circuit operates in a quasi-resonant state:
  • the compensation circuit comprises a resonant capacitor
  • the resonant circuit is composed of the compensation circuit and the transmitting coil in parallel.
  • the resonant circuit is composed of the compensation circuit and the transmitting coil in series.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a system for power factor correction based on a wireless power transmission system, including:
  • the resonant circuit includes a compensation circuit disposed at a front end of the transmitting coil and the transmitting coil;
  • the adjustment module is configured to adjust the switching frequency of the switching power supply to the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit to operate the resonant circuit in a resonant state or a quasi-resonant state.
  • the adjustment module specifically includes:
  • a first adjusting unit configured to collect a voltage zero-crossing signal of the transmitting coil, to obtain a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit; and control a switching frequency of the switching power supply to track a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, when the switching power supply is switched When the frequency coincides with the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, the switching frequency of the switching power supply is locked, so that the resonant circuit operates in a resonant state; or
  • a second adjusting unit configured to acquire a switching frequency of the switching power supply; adjust a parameter of a circuit component of the resonant circuit, so that a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is consistent with a switching frequency of the switching power supply, so that the resonant circuit operates Quasi-resonant state; or,
  • a third adjusting unit configured to calculate a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit according to a parameter of the circuit component of the resonant circuit; set a switching frequency of the switching power supply to be consistent with a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit,
  • the resonant circuit operates in a quasi-resonant state.
  • the compensation circuit comprises a resonant capacitor.
  • the resonant circuit is composed of the compensation circuit and the transmitting coil in parallel, or the resonant circuit is composed of the compensation circuit and the transmitting coil in series.
  • the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the characteristics of the resonant circuit to rectify the input mains into a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, so that the resonant circuit exhibits a pure impedance characteristic to the input mains power source, so that the input mains is The phase of the current and voltage is the same, the resonant circuit operates in the quasi-resonant state, the power factor of the radio energy transmitter is increased, and the pollution of the harmonics of the power transmission by the radio energy transmission product is reduced.
  • the PFC circuit in the prior art is not required to be added, the circuit of the line power transmission system is small in size, low in cost, and free from noise.
  • Figure 1 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for power factor correction based on a wireless power transmission system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a resonant circuit based on a wireless energy transmission system of the present invention.
  • 4A is a flow chart of another embodiment of a method for power factor correction based on a wireless power transmission system of the present invention.
  • 4B is a flow chart of still another embodiment of a method for power factor correction based on a wireless power transmission system of the present invention.
  • 4C is a flow chart of still another embodiment of a method for power factor correction based on a wireless power transmission system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system for power factor correction based on a wireless power transmission system of the present invention. detailed description
  • the radio energy transmission system comprises a radio energy transmitter and a radio energy receiver.
  • the pick-up coil of the radio energy receiver is placed directly above the transmitting coil of the radio energy transmitter, coupled by the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil of the radio energy transmitter, and the magnetic field energy is converted into electric energy by the pick-up coil, thereby achieving non-contact Power transmission.
  • the radio energy transmitter includes: EMI (Electro Magnetic Interference) circuit, rectification filter circuit, high frequency inverter and the like.
  • EMI Electro Magnetic Interference
  • the EMI circuit is used to filter out various interference signals of the commercial power and prevent high frequency disturbance generated by the power switch circuit.
  • the utility power is filtered by the interference, it is sent to the rectifying and filtering circuit for rectifying and filtering.
  • the input mains is rectified and filtered into a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, and then inverted by the high frequency inverter. A voltage signal of a certain frequency under a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse carrier.
  • the wireless power transmitter further includes a wireless signal receiving circuit for wirelessly communicating with the wireless power receiver; the wireless energy transmitter can infer the working state of the load of the wireless power receiver end by the collected coil induced current or voltage. To make the corresponding adjustment of the working parameters of the transmitting end.
  • a compensation circuit is disposed at a front end of the transmitting coil, and the compensation circuit includes a resonant capacitor to connect the compensation circuit and the transmitting coil into a resonant circuit.
  • a method for power factor correction based on a radio energy transmission system of the present invention includes the step Sl-S2.
  • the compensation circuit includes a resonant capacitor, which cancels each other through the inductive reactance and the capacitive reactance.
  • the resonant circuit can be made to exhibit pure impedance to the input power supply.
  • the resonant circuit may be composed of the compensation circuit in parallel with the transmitting coil, or may be composed of the compensating circuit and the transmitting coil in series.
  • the specificity can be determined according to the characteristics of the receiver's load, which is based on the best performance and maximum saved circuit space.
  • the commercial power is rectified and filtered into a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage (also referred to as a McDonald's wave) as shown in FIG. 2, and then inversely processed into a high frequency voltage, that is, a switching power supply of the resonant circuit.
  • a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage also referred to as a McDonald's wave
  • a high frequency voltage that is, a switching power supply of the resonant circuit.
  • Step S2 adjusting the switching frequency of the switching power supply to be the same as the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, so that the resonant circuit operates in a resonant state or a quasi-resonant state.
  • the input current and voltage of the commercial power can be completely in phase, and the same is a sine wave, thereby improving the power factor of the wireless energy transmitter and improving the utilization of the power.
  • the resonant circuit when the actual frequency of the resonant circuit coincides with the resonant frequency, the resonant circuit exhibits a pure impedance characteristic with respect to the input power source, and the impedance value thereof is :
  • L is the inductive reactance of the transmitting coil and C is the capacitive reactance of the compensation circuit.
  • the resonant circuit when the actual frequency of the resonant circuit is consistent with the resonant frequency, the resonant circuit exhibits a pure impedance characteristic with respect to the input power source, and the impedance value thereof is : Where L is the inductive reactance of the transmitting coil and C is the capacitive reactance of the compensation circuit.
  • the present invention further provides another embodiment of a method for power factor correction based on a wireless power transmission system, including steps L1-L3, specifically:
  • Step L1 rectifying the input commercial power into a sinusoidal one-way pulse voltage, and inverting the sinusoidal one-way pulse voltage, and using the inverted voltage as a switching power supply of the resonant circuit of the wireless energy transmitter.
  • Step L2 collecting a voltage zero-crossing signal of the transmitting coil to obtain a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit.
  • the resonant circuit operates at a resonant frequency, its input voltage and input current are in phase.
  • Step L3 controlling a switching frequency of the switching power supply to track a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, and when a switching frequency of the switching power supply is consistent with a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, locking a switching frequency of the switching power supply, so that The resonant circuit operates in a resonant state.
  • the input current and voltage of the mains can be completely in phase, and the same is a sine wave, so that the power factor of the radio transmitter is close to 1, and the utilization of electric energy is improved.
  • step L1 For a specific implementation manner of the step L1, refer to the foregoing embodiment step S1, which is not described herein.
  • the present invention further provides a further implementation manner of a method for power factor correction based on a radio energy transmission system, including steps M1-M3, specifically:
  • Step Ml Rect the input commercial power into a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, and invert the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, and use the inverted voltage as a switching power supply of the resonant circuit of the wireless energy transmission system. For details, refer to the foregoing step S, which is not described herein again.
  • Step M2 Obtain a switching frequency of the switching power supply.
  • Step M3 adjusting parameters of the circuit components of the resonant circuit such that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is consistent with the switching frequency of the switching power supply, so that the resonant circuit operates in a quasi-resonant state.
  • the circuit component includes a capacitor and an inductor.
  • the resonant circuit can still be in a quasi-resonant state, and the power factor of the radio energy transmitter can still reach 0.85 or more, and the utilization of electric energy is high.
  • the present invention further provides a further embodiment of a method for power factor correction based on a wireless power transmission system, including steps T1-T3,
  • Step Tl Rectifying the input mains into a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, and inverting the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage to serve as a switching power supply for the resonant circuit of the radio energy transmitter.
  • Step T2 Calculate a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit according to parameters of circuit elements of the resonant circuit.
  • the circuit component comprises a capacitor and an inductor.
  • Step ⁇ 3 setting a switching frequency of the switching power supply to be consistent with a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, so that the resonant circuit operates in a quasi-resonant state.
  • the resonant circuit can still be in a quasi-resonant state, and the power factor of the radio energy transmitter can still reach 0.85 or more, and the utilization of electric energy is high.
  • a method for power factor correction based on a wireless power transmission system based on an embodiment of the present invention, by rectifying a commercial power into a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage for charging a resonant circuit, by means of frequency tracking or pre-determining various components of a wireless energy transmitter circuit
  • the parameter is set near the resonance point, so that the resonant circuit operates in a resonant or quasi-resonant state, achieving the purpose of power factor correction.
  • the present invention further provides an embodiment of a system based on power factor correction of a wireless power transmission system, the system comprising: a rectifying module, configured to rectify the input mains into a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, and invert the sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage as a switching power supply of the resonant circuit of the radio energy transmitter; the resonant circuit includes a setting A compensation circuit at the front end of the transmitting coil and the transmitting coil.
  • the compensation circuit comprises a resonant capacitor.
  • the adjustment module is configured to adjust the switching frequency of the switching power supply to the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit to operate the resonant circuit in a resonant state or a quasi-resonant state.
  • the input current and voltage of the mains can be completely in phase, and the same is a sine wave, so that the power factor of the radio transmitter is close to 1, and the utilization of electric energy is improved.
  • the adjustment module specifically includes any one of the following units:
  • a first resonating unit configured to collect a voltage zero-crossing signal of the transmitting coil, to obtain a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit; controlling a switching frequency of the switching power supply to track a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, when the switching power supply is switched When the frequency coincides with the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, the switching frequency of the switching power supply is locked to operate the resonant circuit in a quasi-resonant state.
  • the input current and voltage of the mains can be completely in phase, and the same is a sine wave, so that the power factor of the radio transmitter is close to 1, and the utilization of electric energy is improved.
  • a second resonance unit configured to acquire a switching frequency of the switching power supply; adjust a parameter of a circuit component of the resonant circuit, so that a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit is consistent with a switching frequency of the switching power supply, so that the resonant circuit operates Quasi-resonant state.
  • a third adjusting unit configured to calculate a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit according to a parameter of the circuit component of the resonant circuit; set a switching frequency of the switching power supply to be consistent with a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit,
  • the resonant circuit operates in a quasi-resonant state. At this time, even considering the influence of the reflection impedance, The resonant circuit can still be in a quasi-resonant state, and the power factor of the radio energy transmitter can still reach above 0.85, and the utilization of electric energy is high.
  • the control circuit of the radio energy transmitter is connected to the rectifier module and the adjustment module for coordinating the operation of each module.
  • the resonant circuit may be composed of the compensation circuit and the transmitting coil in parallel, or may be composed of the compensation circuit and the transmitting coil in series.
  • the specific conditions can be determined according to the actual situation, which is based on the maximum space saving.
  • the resonant circuit when the actual frequency of the resonant circuit is consistent with the resonant frequency, the resonant circuit exhibits a pure impedance characteristic with respect to the input power source, and the impedance value is:
  • the resonant circuit when the actual frequency of the resonant circuit is consistent with the resonant frequency, the resonant circuit exhibits a pure impedance characteristic with respect to the input power source, and the impedance value is:
  • the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the characteristics of the resonant circuit to rectify the input mains into a sinusoidal unidirectional pulse voltage, so that the resonant circuit exhibits a pure impedance characteristic to the input power source, so that the input
  • the current and voltage phases of the mains are the same, and the resonant circuit operates in a quasi-resonant state, improving the power factor of the radio energy transmitter and reducing the pollution of the harmonics transmitted by the radio energy transmission product.
  • the PFC circuit in the prior art is not required to be added, the circuit of the line power transmission system is small in size, low in cost, and noise-free.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法及系统，所述方法包括：将输入的市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压，并对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变处理，将逆变处理后的电压作为无线电能发射器的谐振电路的开关电源；把开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一致，使谐振电路工作在谐振状态。本发明提高了无线电能发射器的功率因素，降低无线电能传输产品对电网谐波的污染。同时使得线电能传输系统的电路体积小、成本较低且无噪声。

Description

说 明 书
基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及无线电能传输领域， 尤其涉及一种基于无线电能传输系统的功 率因素校正的方法及系统。
背景技术
PFC (Power Factor Correction, 功率因数校正）指的是有效功率除以总耗电 量 （视在功率） 的比值， 功率因素可以衡量电能被有效利用的程度， 当功率因 素值越大， 代表其电能利用率越高。
无线电能传输系统包括无线电能发射单元和无线电能接收单元， 无线电能 接收单元通过无线电能发射单元产生的磁场进行耦合， 由拾取线圈将磁场能转 化为电能， 从而实现非接触式电能传输。 由于无线电能发射单元与市电相接， 为了减少无线电能传输产品对电网谐波的污染， 因此要提高无线电能发射器的 功率因素。
PFC电路用于提高功率因数， 传统的 PFC电路分为被动式 （无源） PFC电 路和主动式 （无源） PFC 电路， 一般采用电感补偿方法使交流输入的基波电流 与电压之间相位差减小来提高功率因数。 被动式 PFC结构较为简单， 功率因数 只能达到 0.7〜0.8， 但体积较大， 结构笨重， 工作时常会产生较大的噪音。 主 动式 PFC电路由高频电感、 开关管和电容等元件构成， 通过专用 IC (即集成电 路） 去调整电流的波形， 对电流电压间的相位差进行补偿， 功率因数可达 0.98 以上， 但结构复杂， 成本较高。
发明内容
本发明提供的一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法及系统， 使得无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的成本较低、 体积较小且无噪音。 为达此目的， 本发明采用以下技术方案：
本发明第一方面在于提供了一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的 方法， 包括：
将输入无线电能发射器的市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压， 并对所述正弦单 向脉冲电压进行逆变处理后作为无线电能发射器的谐振电路的开关电源； 所述 谐振电路包括设置在发射线圈前端的补偿电路和所述发射线圈；
将开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一致， 使谐振电路工 作在谐振状态或准谐振状态。
其中， 所述将开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一致， 使 所述谐振电路工作在谐振状态具体为：
采集发射线圈的电压过零信号， 得出所述谐振电路的谐振频率；
控制所述开关电源的开关频率跟踪所述谐振电路的谐振频率， 当所述开关 电源的开关频率与所述谐振电路的谐振频率一致时， 锁定所述开关电源的开 关频率， 使所述谐振电路工作在谐振状态。
其中， 所述将开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一致， 使 所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态具体为：
获取所述开关电源的开关频率；
调整谐振电路的电路元件的参数， 使所述谐振电路的谐振频率与所述开关 电源的开关频率一致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。
其中， 所述将开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一致， 使 所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态具体为：
根据谐振电路的电路元件的参数计算出所述谐振电路的谐振频率； 设定所述开关电源的开关频率使其与所述谐振电路的谐振频率一致， 使所 述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。
其中， 所述补偿电路包含一谐振电容；
所述谐振电路由所述补偿电路与发射线圈并联组成。
其中， 所述谐振电路由所述补偿电路与发射线圈串联组成。
本发明第二方面在于提供一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的系 统， 包括：
整流模块， 用于将输入无线电能发射器的市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压， 并对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变处理后作为无线电能发射器的谐振电路的 开关电源； 所述谐振电路包括设置在发射线圈前端的补偿电路和所述发射线 圈；
调整模块， 用于将开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一 致， 使谐振电路工作在谐振状态或准谐振状态。
其中， 所述调整模块具体包括：
第一调整单元， 用于采集发射线圈的电压过零信号， 得出所述谐振电路的 谐振频率； 控制所述开关电源的开关频率跟踪所述谐振电路的谐振频率， 当所 述开关电源的开关频率与所述谐振电路的谐振频率一致时， 锁定所述开关电源 的开关频率， 使所述谐振电路工作在谐振状态； 或者，
第二调整单元， 用于获取所述开关电源的开关频率； 调整谐振电路的电路 元件的参数， 使所述谐振电路的谐振频率与所述开关电源的开关频率一致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态； 或者，
第三调整单元， 用于根据谐振电路的电路元件的参数计算出所述谐振电路 的谐振频率； 设定所述开关电源的开关频率， 使其与所述谐振电路的谐振频 率一致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。 其中， 所述补偿电路包含一谐振电容。
其中， 所述谐振电路由所述补偿电路与发射线圈并联组成， 或者所述谐振 电路由所述补偿电路与发射线圈串联组成。
实施本发明实施例， 具有如下有益效果：
本发明实施例利用谐振电路的特点， 通过将输入的市电整流为正弦单向脉 冲电压， 使所述谐振电路对输入的市电电源而言呈现出纯阻抗的特点， 使得输 入的市电的电流和电压的相位相同， 谐振电路工作在准谐振状态， 提高无线电 能发射器的功率因素， 降低无线电能传输产品对电网谐波的污染。 同时， 由于 无需增加现有技术中的 PFC电路， 使得线电能传输系统的电路体积小、 成本较 低且无噪声。
附图说明
图 1 是本发明一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法的一实施 方式的流程图。
图 2是本发明正弦单向脉冲电压的示意图。
图 3是本发明一种基于无线电能传输系统的谐振电路的示意图。
图 4A是本发明一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法的另一 实施方式的流程图。
图 4B是本发明一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法的又一实 施方式的流程图。
图 4C是本发明一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法的再一实 施方式的流程图。
图 5 是本发明一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的系统的一实施 方式的示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一歩说明本发明的技术方案。
本发明具体实施的方案， 无线电能传输系统包含无线电能发射器和无线电 能接收器。 其中， 无线电能接收器的拾取线圈放置于无线电能发射器的发射线 圈的正上方， 通过无线电能发射器的发射线圈产生的磁场进行耦合， 由拾取线 圈将磁场能转化为电能， 从而实现非接触式电能传输。
其中， 无线电能发射器中包括： EMI (Electro Magnetic Interference, 电磁 干扰） 电路、 整流滤波电路、 高频逆变器等。 所述 EMI电路用于滤除市电的各 种干扰信号， 防止电源开关电路形成的高频扰窜。 市电经过干扰滤除后交由所 述整流滤波电路进行整流滤波， 较佳的， 本实施例中将输入市电整流滤波为一 正弦单向脉冲电压， 再经由高频逆变器逆变为正弦单向脉冲载波下的一定频率 的电压信号。
并且， 无线电能发射器中还包括无线信号接收电路， 用于和无线电能接收 器进行无线通信； 无线电能发射器可通过采集到的线圈感应电流或电压推断无 线电能接收器端的负载的工作状态， 以作出对应的发射端工作参数的调整。
所述发射线圈前端设置有一补偿电路， 所述补偿电路中包含一谐振电容， 以使所述补偿电路与所述发射线圈连接成一个谐振电路。
基于上述无线电能传输系统， 请参见图 1， 本发明一种基于无线电能传输 系统的功率因素校正的方法包括歩骤 Sl-S2。
歩骤 Sl， 将输入的市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压， 并对所述正弦单向脉冲 电压进行逆变处理， 将逆变处理后的电压作为无线电能发射器的谐振电路的开 关电源。
本实施例中， 所述补偿电路包含一谐振电容， 通过感抗和容抗相互抵消， 可使谐振电路对输入的电源而言呈现出纯阻抗的特点。
所述谐振电路可由所述补偿电路与发射线圈并联组成， 也可由所述补偿电 路与发射线圈串联组成。 具体可根据接收器的负载的特点确定， 以最佳性能和 最大化的节省电路空间为准。
具体地， 将市电整流滤波为如图 2所示的正弦单向脉冲电压 （又称麦当劳 波） 后， 再被逆变处理为一高频电压， 即所述谐振电路的开关电源。
歩骤 S2, 将开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一致， 使谐 振电路工作在谐振状态或准谐振状态。
所述谐振电路工作在谐振频率时， 市电的输入电流和电压能完全同相位， 且同为正弦波， 从而提高无线电能发射器的功率因素， 提高电能的利用程度。
如图 3 (a) 所示， 对于串联的谐振电路， 当所述谐振电路的实际频率与所 述谐振频率一致时， 谐振电路相对输入的电源而言呈现出纯阻抗的特点， 其阻 抗值为：
Z := ( j-2- n-f-L +—— j+2+7i - ~+f+cJ + R
；
Figure imgf000007_0001
。
其中， L为发射线圈的感抗， C为补偿电路的容抗。
如图 3 (b) 所示， 对于并联的谐振电路， 当所述谐振电路的实际频率与所 述谐振频率一致时， 谐振电路相对输入的电源而言呈现出纯阻抗的特点， 其阻 抗值为：
Figure imgf000007_0002
其中， L为发射线圈的感抗， C为补偿电路的容抗。
请参见图 4A, 本发明还提供了一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正 的方法的另一实施方式， 包括歩骤 L1-L3, 具体为：
歩骤 L1 , 将输入的市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压， 并对所述正弦单向脉冲 电压进行逆变处理， 将逆变处理后的电压作为无线电能发射器的谐振电路的开 关电源。
歩骤 L2， 采集发射线圈的电压过零信号， 得出所述谐振电路的谐振频率。 所述谐振电路工作在谐振频率时， 其输入电压和输入电流相位一致。
歩骤 L3 , 控制所述开关电源的开关频率跟踪所述谐振电路的谐振频率， 当 所述开关电源的开关频率与所述谐振电路的谐振频率一致时， 锁定所述开关电 源的开关频率， 使所述谐振电路工作在谐振状态。 此时市电的输入电流和电压 能完全同相位， 且同为正弦波， 从而使无线电能发射器的功率因素接近 1， 提 高电能的利用程度。
其中， 歩骤 L1 的具体实施方式可参阅上述实施例歩骤 S1 , 在此不再赘 述。
请参见图 4B, 本发明还提供了一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正 的方法的又一实施方式， 包括歩骤 M1-M3, 具体为：
歩骤 Ml、 将输入的市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压， 并对所述正弦单向脉 冲电压进行逆变处理， 将逆变处理后的电压作为无线电能传输系统的谐振电路 的开关电源。 具体实施方式参阅上述实施例歩骤 Sl， 在此不再赘述。
歩骤 M2、 获取所述开关电源的开关频率。
歩骤 M3， 调整谐振电路的电路元件的参数以使所述谐振电路的谐振频率 与所述开关电源的开关频率一致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。 较佳 地， 所述电路元件包括电容和电感。
通过本实施例， 即使考虑到反射阻抗的影响， 谐振电路仍可处于准谐振状 态， 此时无线电能发射器的功率因素仍然可达 0.85 以上， 电能的利用程度较 高。
请参见图 4C, 本发明还提供了一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正 的方法的再一实施方式， 包括歩骤 T1-T3,
歩骤 Tl、 将输入的市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压， 并对所述正弦单向脉冲 电压进行逆变处理后作为无线电能发射器的谐振电路的开关电源。 具体实施方 式参阅上述实施例歩骤 Sl， 在此不再赘述。
歩骤 T2、 根据谐振电路的电路元件的参数计算出所述谐振电路的谐振频 率。
较佳地， 所述电路元件包括电容和电感。
歩骤 Τ3 , 设定所述开关电源的开关频率使其与所述谐振电路的谐振频率一 致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。
通过本实施例， 即使考虑到反射阻抗的影响， 谐振电路仍可处于准谐振状 态， 此时无线电能发射器的功率因素仍然可达 0.85 以上， 电能的利用程度较 高。
基于本发明实施例的基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法， 通过 将市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压为谐振电路充电， 通过频率跟踪的方式或预先 将无线电能发射器的电路各元件的参数设定在谐振点附近， 使得谐振电路工作 在谐振或准谐振的状态， 达到功率因素校正的目的。
基于上述实施例， 参见图 5， 本发明还提供了一种基于无线电能传输系统 的功率因素校正的系统的实施例， 所述系统包括： 整流模块， 用于将输入的市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压， 并对所述正弦单 向脉冲电压进行逆变处理后作为无线电能发射器的谐振电路的开关电源； 所述 谐振电路包括设置在发射线圈前端的补偿电路和所述发射线圈。
其中， 所述补偿电路包含一谐振电容。
调整模块， 用于把开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一 致， 使谐振电路工作在谐振状态或准谐振状态。 使得市电的输入电流和电压能 完全同相位， 且同为正弦波， 从而使无线电能发射器的功率因素接近 1， 提高 电能的利用程度。
较佳地， 所述调整模块具体包括以下单元中任意一个：
第一谐振单元， 用于采集发射线圈的电压过零信号， 得出所述谐振电路的 谐振频率； 控制所述开关电源的开关频率跟踪所述谐振电路的谐振频率， 当所 述开关电源的开关频率与所述谐振电路的谐振频率一致时， 锁定所述开关电源 的开关频率， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。 通过第一谐振单元的控制， 可使市电的输入电流和电压能完全同相位， 且同为正弦波， 从而使无线电能发 射器的功率因素接近 1， 提高电能的利用程度。
第二谐振单元， 用于获取所述开关电源的开关频率； 调整谐振电路的电路 元件的参数， 使所述谐振电路的谐振频率与所述开关电源的开关频率一致， 使 所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。 通过第二谐振单元的控制， 即使考虑到反射 阻抗的影响， 谐振电路仍可处于准谐振状态， 此时无线电能发射器的功率因素 仍然可达 0.85以上， 电能的利用程度较高。
第三调整单元， 用于根据谐振电路的电路元件的参数计算出所述谐振电路 的谐振频率； 设定所述开关电源的开关频率， 使其与所述谐振电路的谐振频率 一致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。 此时即使考虑到反射阻抗的影响， 谐振电路仍可处于准谐振状态， 此时无线电能发射器的功率因素仍然可达 0.85 以上， 电能的利用程度较高。
无线电能发射器的控制电路与所述整流模块、 调整模块连接， 用于协调控 制各模块的工作。
其中， 所述谐振电路可由所述补偿电路与发射线圈并联组成， 也可由所述 补偿电路与发射线圈串联组成。 具体可根据实际情况确定， 以最大化的节省电 路空间为准。
如图 3 (a) 所示， 对于串联的谐振电路， 当所述谐振电路的实际频率与所 述谐振频率一致时， 谐振电路相对输入电源而言呈现出纯阻抗的特点， 其阻抗 值为：
1
Z := ln f-L - R
j+2+ 7i+f+ C
： . π+Λ/L+C 其中， L为发射线圈的感抗， C为补偿电路的容抗。
如图 3 (b) 所示， 对于并联的谐振电路， 当所述谐振电路的实际频率与所 述谐振频率一致时， 谐振电路相对输入电源而言呈现出纯阻抗的特点， 其阻抗 值为：
Z :=
j+2+ 7i+f+ C
j+2+ 7i+f+L f :=
： . π+Λ/L+C 其中， L为发射线圈的感抗， C为补偿电路的容抗。
本发明实施例利用谐振电路的特点， 通过将输入的市电整流为正弦单向脉 冲电压， 使所述谐振电路对输入的电源而言呈现出纯阻抗的特点， 使得输入的 市电的电流和电压的相位相同， 谐振电路工作在准谐振状态， 提高无线电能发 射器的功率因素， 降低无线电能传输产品对电网谐波的污染。 同时， 由于无需 增加现有技术中的 PFC电路， 使得线电能传输系统的电路体积小、 成本较低且 无噪声。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡在本发 明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等， 均应包含在本发明 的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法， 其特征在于， 包 括：
将输入无线电能发射器的市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压， 并对所述正弦单 向脉冲电压进行逆变处理后作为所述无线电能发射器的谐振电路的开关电源； 所述谐振电路包括发射线圈和设置在发射线圈前端的补偿电路；
将所述开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一致， 使谐振电 路工作在谐振状态或准谐振状态。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方 法， 其特征在于， 所述将开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一 致， 使所述谐振电路工作在谐振状态具体为：
采集发射线圈的电压过零信号， 得出所述谐振电路的谐振频率；
控制所述开关电源的开关频率跟踪所述谐振电路的谐振频率， 当所述开关 电源的开关频率与所述谐振电路的谐振频率一致时， 锁定所述开关电源的开 关频率， 使所述谐振电路工作在谐振状态。
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方 法， 其特征在于， 所述将开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成 一致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态具体为：
获取所述开关电源的开关频率；
调整谐振电路的电路元件的参数以使所述谐振电路的谐振频率与所述开关 电源的开关频率一致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。
4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方 法， 其特征在于， 所述将开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成 一致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态具体为： 根据谐振电路的电路元件的参数计算出所述谐振电路的谐振频率； 设定所述开关电源的开关频率使其与所述谐振电路的谐振频率一致， 使所 述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。
5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方 法， 其特征在于， 所述补偿电路包含一谐振电容；
所述谐振电路由所述补偿电路与发射线圈并联组成。
6、 根据权利要求 5 所述的基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方 法， 其特征在于， 所述谐振电路由所述补偿电路与发射线圈串联组成。
7、 一种基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的系统， 其特征在于， 包 括：
整流模块， 用于将输入无线电能发射器的市电整流为正弦单向脉冲电压， 并对所述正弦单向脉冲电压进行逆变处理后作为无线电能发射器的谐振电路的 开关电源； 所述谐振电路包括设置在发射线圈前端的补偿电路和所述发射线 圈；
调整模块， 用于将开关电源的开关频率与谐振电路的谐振频率调整成一 致， 使谐振电路工作在谐振状态或准谐振状态。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述调整模块具体包括： 第一调整单元， 用于采集发射线圈的电压过零信号， 得出所述谐振电路的 谐振频率； 控制所述开关电源的开关频率跟踪所述谐振电路的谐振频率， 当所 述开关电源的开关频率与所述谐振电路的谐振频率一致时， 锁定所述开关电源 的开关频率， 使所述谐振电路工作在谐振状态； 或者，
第二调整单元， 用于获取所述开关电源的开关频率； 调整谐振电路的电路 元件的参数， 使所述谐振电路的谐振频率与所述开关电源的开关频率一致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态； 或者，
第三调整单元， 用于根据谐振电路的电路元件的参数计算出所述谐振电路 的谐振频率； 设定所述开关电源的开关频率， 使其与所述谐振电路的谐振频 率一致， 使所述谐振电路工作在准谐振状态。
9、 根据权利要求 7 所述的系统， 其特征在于， 其中， 所述补偿电路包含 一谐振电容。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述谐振电路由所述补偿 电路与发射线圈并联组成， 或者所述谐振电路由所述补偿电路与发射线圈串 联组成。
PCT/CN2013/083338 2013-04-28 2013-09-11 基于无线电能传输系统的功率因素校正的方法及系统 WO2014176859A1 (zh)

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