WO2014166738A1

WO2014166738A1 - Formwork system for producing a concrete ceiling

Info

Publication number: WO2014166738A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/056012
Authority: WO
Inventors: Werner Brunner
Original assignee: Peri Gmbh
Priority date: 2013-04-08
Filing date: 2014-03-26
Publication date: 2014-10-16
Also published as: DE102013103458A1

Abstract

Disclosed is a formwork system (10) for producing a concrete ceiling, the formwork system having a ceiling formwork (24) made of at least one formwork element (26) and a scaffold (14) that bears the ceiling formwork (24). The formwork system (10) also has a height regulating system (34), which has at least one linear drive (36) and a switch (38), which is coupled to the linear drive (36), wherein the linear drive (36) vertically displaces the formwork element (26). The switch (38) is located, on one side, on the formwork side and, on the other side, on a stationary reference part or may be positioned there such that the switch switches automatically in the event of strain-induced lowering of the formwork element (38) and activates the height regulating system in order to raise the formwork element (26).

Description

Formwork system for the production of a concrete floor

The invention relates to a formwork system for producing a concrete floor, with a slab formwork of at least one formwork element and a scaffold supporting the 5 slab formwork. In particular, the invention relates to a formwork system with dome-slab formwork, in which concrete is poured onto an existing concrete section.

For example, for the production of a concrete pavement formwork systems are used, which have a slab formwork, which at one already

Bestehende n existing concrete wall or an existing concrete ceiling section is pressed. The slab formwork thus has a fixed contact point on an existing concrete section. When concreting the ceiling, the weight of the concrete on the slab formwork, which is supported by a scaffold. Due to the weight of the concrete, the scaffolding gives way, so that the slab formwork in the area of

15 formwork is moved down. This has the consequence that a gap between the slab formwork, more precisely the formwork and the existing concrete section is created, through which the poured concrete can leak.

To remedy this problem, it is known from the prior art to pretension the slab formwork prior to pouring the concrete so that the prestressing force counteracts the weight of the concrete and the formwork is not subject to vertical displacement during concreting. The prestressing force ensures that the contact point for the formwork is maintained despite the pouring of the concrete. The disadvantage of this solution is that due to the high biasing force the adjacent concrete sections are already loaded when the concrete is not poured yet. In the worst case, this leads to damage of the adjacent concrete sections, so that they have to be reworked, which on the one hand takes time and also causes additional costs. Above all, however, the entire formwork system must be designed for very high loads.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a simple design formwork system with a deformation compensation, which ensures a seal to adjacent, existing concrete sections, the existing concrete sections sparing and the formwork system itself charged less. The object is achieved by a formwork system for producing a concrete ceiling, with a slab formwork of at least one formwork element, a slab supporting scaffolding and a height adjustment, which has at least one linear drive and coupled to the linear actuator switch, wherein the linear drive the formwork element by methods adjusted vertically and thus keeps the formwork in position. The switch can on the one hand form the shutter side and on the other hand on a fixed space reference part or is attachable so that it automatically switches when load-induced lowering of the formwork element and activates the height adjustment for lifting the formwork. The formwork system according to the invention therefore comprises a self-adjusting height adjustment for a slab formwork, wherein the height adjustment responds to a mechanically triggered switch. The slab formwork, in particular the formwork or the formwork elements, is moved upwards due to the triggered switch, with a possible bending of the formwork element and the formwork skin is tolerated due to the concrete load. By the method of the formwork element and thereby enabled maintaining the vertical position ensures that the formwork element remains stationary with the formwork at the contact point with the existing concrete section, so that no gap between the existing concrete section and the slab formwork. The formwork element is thereby moved according to the deformation of the framework due to the concrete load, so that at the contact point an approximate balance of power of the weight of the concrete and the pressing force of the height control is present and no biasing force is necessary with which the formwork presses against the concrete section and a considerable Additional load in the formwork system would cause. The burden of Formwork system and the section to be concreted are thus minimized. The formwork system according to the invention thus provides an effective height adjustment with vertical position holding function, which prevents the leakage of the concrete. Compared to other systems in the prior art in which the electronically or optically determined deflection of the slab formwork is counteracted in the middle by variable biasing systems, the slab formwork is not stabilized in the invention in shape and there is no bending compensation instead, rather the formwork element with the formwork skin simply left in the loaded deformed geometry and only raised vertically.

Preferably, the linear drive at least partially lifts the framework and acts on at least one scaffold, but preferably all scaffold support points are vertically adjustable automatically.

Optionally, the switch is an electrical limit switch, which registers the change in position of the formwork element due to the concrete pressure relative to the spatially fixed reference part. The electrical limit switch then initiates an actuation of the linear drive, which adjusts the formwork element or sections of the slab formwork vertically to compensate for the change in position of the formwork element or formwork section due to the concrete load. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the switch is a hydraulic valve and the linear drive is a hydraulic drive, wherein when lowering the shuttering element, the valve switches to a position in which the hydraulic drive is activated. This version represents a cost-effective and robust variant of the automatic height compensation. The hydraulic valve can thus directly control the hydraulic flow, so that a switching signal does not have to be converted first.

The switching off of the linear drive after lifting the shuttering element is controlled by the switch.

It is preferably provided that a plurality of linear drives and associated switches are provided along the area of the outer edge of the slab formwork and can be switched individually or in groups. This offers the possibility of controlling several formwork elements or the entire slab formwork, so that the concreting of a larger concrete floor can be done efficiently. Furthermore, a formwork element multiple linear actuators and switches are assigned, whereby the formwork element can be adjusted accordingly fine.

In particular, it is provided that a hydraulic ring line provides the common supply line for at least some hydraulic valves, so that a relatively simple hydraulic system is provided.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the switch is directly mechanically coupled to a hydraulic unit and / or an associated hydraulic linear drive. This represents a particularly simple and low-maintenance design of the formwork system according to the invention. The switch that registers the deformation and the vertical descent of the formwork skin or the associated formwork elements, thus directly switches the linear drive, whereby the height adjustment brings the formwork elements or in the starting position. The triggering of the height regulation is realized here exclusively by the interaction of mechanical elements. Error-prone or dirt sensitive electronic components, such as sensors, can be omitted. Alternatively, a hydraulic line may be provided between the switch and the linear drive, with which a switching pulse is transmitted to the linear drive. In particular, the hydraulic cylinder is a collar cylinder, which is particularly well suited for the adjustment of large loads. This has the advantage that during the setting of the concrete, the collar mechanically supports the slab formwork and hydraulic power is no longer necessary.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the switch is incorporated in the height adjustment, that when raising the formwork with reaching a predetermined upper end position of the switch off the height adjustment. The height regulation works accordingly path-dependent. This means that the switch, which works mechanically, reacts only to the deflection of the formwork element. The end position or position to be held corresponds to the position at which the formwork element rests against the adjacent concrete section.

In particular, it is provided that at least one linear drive is arranged at a support point or foot of the support frame, so that the linear drive adjusts the support frame together with shuttering element and, preferably, at one lateral end or edge of the scaffold is arranged. The entire frame or only the deformed section can be adjusted vertically by the height adjustment, so that the formwork element always rests close to the previously concreted concrete section. The deformation of the framework due to the load of the liquid concrete is thus compensated accordingly by the immediate tracking of the framework.

In a preferred embodiment, the formwork system is a coupling formwork system, with a dome-shaped slab formwork, which can be pressed against the edge on an adjacent, existing ceiling section from below by the linear drive. With the formwork system according to the invention, it is therefore possible to concretes self-supporting dome concrete ceilings in steps. Alternatively, the system is a tunnel ceiling formwork system for a domed ceiling.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the switch has a protruding release lever, which rests in particular on the fixed space reference part, for example, on the existing ceiling portion, and the switch is mounted on the formwork side. The release lever will thus migrate downwards with the sinking shuttering element, whereby the release lever pivots about its bearing point. From a certain deflection of the switch (switching path) this switches. Thus, a simple variant of the switch is provided, wherein the trigger mechanism for height adjustment runs purely mechanically.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and from the following drawings, to which reference is made. In the drawings show:

FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a dome construction with a formwork system according to the invention,

FIG. 2 enlarges the dome area of FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged partial section of FIG. 1 for clarifying the mode of operation of the formwork system,

FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the dome construction of FIG. 1 along the line

IV, - Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a particularly preferred embodiment of the switch and its arrangement, and

- Figure 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the formwork system according to the invention. Figures 1 to 4 show a dome structure, which is built using a formwork system 10 according to the invention. The formwork system 10 serves for concreting the concrete floor 12 of the dome structure and has a framework 14.

The framework 14 is arranged in the interior of the dome structure and has at the outer edge of numerous feet 16 (Gerüstabstützpunkte) with which the frame 14 is supported on a footprint, here at a circumferential wall offset 15. The frame 14 has a substructure 17 with lower and upper cross beams 18, which inter alia interconnect the legs 16 located at the lateral end of the frame 14 and define the two vertically spaced planes. The cross members 18 are connected to each other with support members 20 such that they form a kind of truss structure. The carrier elements 20 are, inter alia, also standard scaffolding elements.

In Figure 4, the upper level of the substructure 17 is shown, which shows the radially extending cross member 18 and resting on the cross beams 18 support beam 21. The support structure in the region of the upper level is thus designed like a spider web. On this support structure can still be a closed floor, that is placed a working floor, but this is not necessarily the case.

On the substructure 17 is a support frame, which has vertical support posts 22. The support posts 22 carry the slab formwork 24, whose load is finally removed via the support posts 22 and the rest of the frame 14 in the feet 16.

The slab formwork 24 consists of several adjacent formwork elements 26 with a formwork skin, the formwork to be concreted ceiling 12, more precisely, to be concreted ceiling section serve. The formwork elements 26 are arranged at a transition region 28 between an already existing, annular concrete section 30 of the ceiling or the dome and a central section 32 of the ceiling which is still to be concreted, see FIGS. 1 and 3. At the transition region 28, the formwork elements 26 are connected to the formwork skin from below to the already existing concrete section 30. In the transition region 28, which must have a certain overlap length in the radial direction, no gap between the existing concrete section 30 and the underlying from below formwork elements 26 should occur through which the liquid concrete could flow out of the formwork.

The concrete is pumped into the cavity of the vault section bounded by the top of the formwork skin, the existing annular concrete section 30 and, if present, overlying formwork. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, this upper formwork is not shown because the building is underground, that is, above the dome ceiling rock is present, which limits the cavity for concreting the dome upwards.

When pumping concrete into the cavity or arched portion above the slab formwork 24, it inevitably leads to a deformation of the entire formwork system 10 due to the enormous load of the poured concrete. This could lead to a gap in the transitional area 28 between the formwork skin of the slab formwork 24 and the underside come from the existing concrete section 30, from which then liquid concrete would flow out.

To compensate for the deformations occurring, the formwork system 10 has a height adjustment 34. The height regulation 34 comprises a plurality of linear drives 36 and a plurality of switches 38 (see FIG. 5) which register and compensate for a general or only partial lowering of the slab formwork, which could lead to the formation of a gap.

In the embodiment shown, the linear drives 36 are each provided at the support points (feet 16) to lift the feet 16 and thus also the remainder of the formwork system. The linear drives 36 are hydraulic drives, preferably adjusting ring cylinder. Each linear drive 36 is associated with at least one switch 38.

The switches 38 are arranged spaced apart in the circumferential direction at the radial outer edge of the slab formwork 24. The switches 38 are integrated in a hydraulic system with a hydraulic unit 42. The switches 38 are designed here as hydraulic valves and are each coupled to a pressurized ring line 44. Of the switches 38 lead pressure lines 40 to the associated linear actuators 36th

As can be seen in FIG. 5, the switches 38 are attached on the formwork side, in particular on the edge of the slab formwork 24 and each have a protruding release lever 48 which projects beyond the edge of the slab formwork 24 and on a fixed reference part, here directly on the underside of the already existing concrete section 30 is present. The release lever 48 is designed in particular as an angled or cranked lever. The operation of the formwork system 10 with the height adjustment 34 will be explained below.

After the construction of the framework 14, the framework 14 is moved by means of the linear drives 36 upwards, until the edge of the formwork skin of the slab formwork 24 rests closed ring on the existing concrete section 30. In this case, thanks to the hydraulics, the movement can be controlled such that essentially no contact pressure is exerted by the slab formwork 26 on the existing concrete section 30, so that the scaffold 14 is not additionally loaded by a high pretensioning force.

The switches 38 are already or are adjusted at this time so with respect to their switching point that a switching operation is triggered at a vertical drop in the associated edge portion of the slab formwork 24 and the formwork.

When filling the liquid concrete, the framework 14 deforms due to the concrete load. As a result of this deformation, the slab formwork 24 moves downwards at least at the edge, whereby a gap can occur between the formwork elements 26 and the concrete section 30. However, this movement in an area of the edge is immediately detected by the corresponding switch 38, as the switch 38 is also moved downwards, whereby its release lever 48, which is slightly biased upward, pivots upwards relative to the switch housing and the corresponding switching point exceeds.

The trained as a valve switch 28 thus leads to the opening of the valve, so that hydraulic fluid flows from the ring line 44 via this open valve to the associated linear drive 36 and the linear actuator 36 is actuated. The Hydraulic fluid immediately causes lifting of the associated foot 16 until the switch 38 is again in its initial position and shuts off. Again, it is avoided during startup that the frame 14 is pressed against the existing concrete section 30 under high load and overloaded. This results in a pure travel control for the height adjustment 34. In the present formwork system 10, the deformation of the individual parts of the formwork system, in particular the formwork elements is tolerated, that is, there is a pure vertical movement at the edge of the entire, deformed due to the concrete load scaffolding. Except for the hydraulic unit 42 itself, the entire height adjustment system in this embodiment is purely mechanical and thus robust and simple.

As an alternative to the illustrated embodiment, some or all of the switches 38 may also be fixedly attached to the existing concrete section 30, so that the release levers 48 rest against the framework, preferably directly on the edge of the slab formwork 24.

FIG. 6 shows a corresponding hydraulic circuit diagram for the embodiment with the switch 38 designed as a valve. Between the linear actuators 36 and the respectively associated switch 38, a return line 50 is arranged with a block ball valve 52, wherein all the return lines 50 preferably terminate in a further ring line 54.

Claims

claims

1. Formwork system (10) for producing a concrete floor (12), with a slab formwork (24) of at least one formwork element (26), a slab formwork (24) supporting the framework (14) and a height adjustment (34), the at least one linear drive (36) and one with the linear drive (36) coupled switch (38), wherein the linear drive (36) the shuttering element (26) adjusted by vertical method, and wherein the switch (38) on the one hand shutter side and on the other hand on a fixed space so reference part can lie or can be attached so that it automatically switches when load-induced lowering of the formwork element (26) and the height adjustment (34) for lifting the formwork element (26) activated.

2. Formwork system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the switch (38) is an electrical limit switch.

3. Formwork system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the switch (38) is a hydraulic valve and the linear drive (36)

Hydraulic drive is, wherein when lowering the shuttering element (26), the valve switches to a position in which the hydraulic drive is activated.

4. Formwork system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of linear drives (36) and associated switches (38) along the region of the outer edge of the slab formwork (24) are provided and individually or in groups are switchable.

5. Formwork system (10) according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that a hydraulic ring line (44) forms a common supply line for at least some hydraulic valves.

6. Formwork system (10) according to one of claims 3 to 5, as far as dependent on claim 3, characterized in that the switch (38) is mechanically coupled directly to a hydraulic unit (42) and / or at least one hydraulic linear drive (38) ,

7. Formwork system (10) according to one of claims 3 to 6, as far as dependent on claim 3, characterized in that the linear drive (36) is a collar cylinder.

8. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switch (38) is so incorporated into the height adjustment (34) that when lifting the formwork element (26) upon reaching a predetermined upper end position of the switch (38) the linear drive ( 36) turns off.

9. Formwork system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one linear drive (36) on a foot

(16) of the frame (14) is arranged, so that the linear drive (36) adjusts the height of the frame (14) including shuttering element (26) and, preferably, on a lateral edge of the frame (14) is arranged.

10. Formwork system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the formwork system (10) a

Dome formwork system is, with a dome-shaped slab formwork (24), the edge of an adjacent, existing ceiling portion (30) from below by the linear drive (36) is pressed, the switch (38) has a gap between the slab formwork (24) and existing ceiling section (30) detected and switched upon reaching a predetermined gap width.

1 1. Formwork system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switch (38) has a protruding release lever (48), which rests in particular on the fixed space reference part, and the switch (38) is mounted on the formwork side.