WO2014166252A1 - 一种超级13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法 - Google Patents

一种超级13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法 Download PDF

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WO2014166252A1
WO2014166252A1 PCT/CN2013/086911 CN2013086911W WO2014166252A1 WO 2014166252 A1 WO2014166252 A1 WO 2014166252A1 CN 2013086911 W CN2013086911 W CN 2013086911W WO 2014166252 A1 WO2014166252 A1 WO 2014166252A1
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drill pipe
super
thickened
thickening
upset
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French (fr)
Inventor
赵鹏
宋延鹏
张建伟
王鸣华
张春霞
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Priority to US14/783,139 priority Critical patent/US10329648B2/en
Priority to CA2891845A priority patent/CA2891845C/en
Publication of WO2014166252A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014166252A1/zh
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08Upsetting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/10Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C21D9/14Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes wear-resistant or pressure-resistant pipes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/02Rigid pipes of metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of drill pipe manufacturing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a super 13Cr thickened drill pipe. Background technique
  • Drill pipes for oil and gas drilling are manufactured to API SPEC 5DP standards.
  • the structure is to frictionally butt weld an externally threaded drill pipe joint and an internally threaded drill pipe joint at both ends of the drill pipe body.
  • Drill rods conforming to the API SPEC 5 DP standard are made of low alloy steel.
  • Aluminum alloy drill pipes are produced in accordance with ISO 15546.
  • the aluminum alloy drill pipe is formed by connecting the aluminum alloy drill pipe body to a low alloy steel male joint and a low alloy steel female joint through a fine thread.
  • the structure of the titanium alloy drill pipe is similar to that of the aluminum alloy drill pipe.
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,305,723 proposes a connection method for a titanium alloy drill pipe joint, which is also constructed by a titanium alloy drill pipe body connected to a low alloy steel male joint and a low alloy steel female joint by a fine threaded joint. Into.
  • the main purpose of using aluminum alloy drill pipe and titanium alloy drill pipe is twofold: one is to drill ultra-deep well by using aluminum alloy drill pipe and titanium alloy drill pipe with low specific gravity, and the other is to use aluminum alloy drill pipe and titanium alloy drill pipe. Drilling sulfur-containing wells against sulfide stress corrosion.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a super 13Cr thickened drill pipe, which is used not only as a drill pipe, but also as a nitrogen gas drilling operation in the early stage, and also used as a fuel pipe for the later oil pipe completion, thereby satisfying the C02 Tight sandstone gas fields require high-yield drilling operations.
  • the method for manufacturing the super 13Cr thickened drill pipe of the present invention comprises the following steps: First, the steel pipe of the following composition is subjected to a thickening of the pipe end to form a drill pipe with a thickened end, and the composition weight percentage thereof is: C: 0.
  • the present invention creatively combines the large upset forging pressure with the outer thickening, and successfully completes the thickening work of the large deformation of the super 13Cr high alloy drill pipe tool joint.
  • the present invention adopts a new process combining low heating temperature, large forging pressure and outer thickening to produce joints, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior high alloy drill rods.
  • a drill pipe since the joint is actually the same pipe as the pipe body, there is no fine threaded connection, and it will not break at the connection of the thin buckle; when used as a fuel pipe, since the joint is the same as the pipe body
  • the root pipe is completely equivalent in material, there is no galvanic corrosion, and it will not cause serious corrosion at the joint.
  • the invention processes the externally thickened pipe end and the thickened end into an externally threaded drill pipe joint and an internally threaded drill pipe joint, so that the obtained super 13Cr high alloy drill pipe is used as a drill pipe for the early nitrogen drilling.
  • the operation is also used as a tubing for later tubing completions, thus meeting the requirements for high-yield drilling operations with co 2 tight sandstone gas fields.
  • the thickening temperature is 1 150 ⁇ 1200 °C
  • the first external thickening step is 200 bar
  • the forging pressure of the second outer thickening step is 200 bar.
  • the third external thickening step has an upset pressure of 160 bar, and is made into a drill pipe with a thickened end. After being heated to a temperature of 950 to 1000 ° C as a whole, air cooling is performed, and finally tempered at 600 to 650 ° C.
  • the drill pipe body and the thickened end reach the mechanical properties of ll Oksi; after the heat treatment of the drill pipe, the two thickened ends are respectively processed into an externally threaded drill pipe joint and an internally threaded drill pipe joint.
  • the invention produces super 13Cr high alloy drill pipe, which is used not only as a drill pipe, but also as a nitrogen gas drilling operation in the early stage, and also used as a fuel pipe for the later oil pipe completion, thereby satisfying the high yield of the CO 2 tight sandstone gas field. Drilling operation requirements.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

一种超级13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法,包括如下步骤:首先下述成分的钢管进行管端加厚处理,制成带加厚端的钻杆,成分重量百分比为:C0.01−0.05%,Si≤0.5%,Mn0.2−1.0%,Cr12−14%,Mo1−3%,Ni4−6%,余Fe和不可避免的杂质;然后,整体加热到950−1000°C后空冷,经600−650℃回火;两加厚端分别加工为外螺纹钻杆接头和内螺纹钻杆接头;管端加厚处理为外加厚,包括三次加热、三次加厚;每次至少进行一道次变形,每次加热温度1150−1200°C;第一次外加厚顶锻压力为180−220bar;第二次顶端压力180−220bar;第三次顶锻压力140−180bar。该工艺制得的钻杆既可作为钻杆用,又可做油管用,满足含CO2致密砂岩气田获得高产的钻采作业要求。

Description

一种超级 13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法
发明领域
本发明涉及钻杆制造领域, 特别涉及一种超级 13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法。 背景技术
用于石油天然气钻探的钻杆是按 API SPEC 5DP标准生产制造的。 其结构 是在钻杆管体两端各摩擦对焊一个外螺紋钻杆接头和一个内螺紋钻杆接头。 符 合 API SPEC 5 DP标准的钻杆为低合金钢材质。
随着石油工业的发展, 钻杆的服役条件日趋恶劣, API SPEC 5DP标准的 低合金钢材质钻杆已不能满足日益苛刻的钻井作业要求, 迫切需要高合金钻 杆。 为此, 国外厂商开发了铝合金钻杆与钛合金钻杆。
铝合金钻杆是按照 ISO 15546标准生产的。 铝合金钻杆是由铝合金钻杆管 体与一个低合金钢制外螺紋接头和一个低合金钢制内螺紋接头通过细扣螺紋 连接而成的。
钛合金钻杆的结构与铝合金钻杆类似。 美国专利 6305723提出了一种钛合 金钻杆接头的连接方式, 其结构也是由钛合金钻杆管体与一个低合金钢制外螺 紋接头和一个低合金钢制内螺紋接头通过细扣螺紋连接而成的。
采用铝合金钻杆与钛合金钻杆的主要目的有两个: 一是利用铝合金钻杆与 钛合金钻杆比重低的特点钻探超深井, 二是利用铝合金钻杆与钛合金钻杆可以 抵抗硫化物应力腐蚀钻探含硫井。
但对于某些含 CO2气田, 其地层为致密砂岩, 如果采用常规的钻杆钻井、 油管完井的作业方式 (即采用钻杆在钻井液中钻井, 钻井完成后将钻杆取出, 下入油管完井的方式) , 由于钻井液对储层产生污染, 致使产量仅有几万立方 米 /天, 加之含有较高的 CO2, 必须采用价格昂贵的超级 13Cr系列高合金油管 产品, 成本太高, 无工业开采价值。 如果能够采用氮气钻井工艺, 钻井时没有 钻井液对储层的污染, 就可能获得日产百万立方米天然气的高产量。 但采用氮 气钻井工艺后, 不能将钻杆提出, 换成油管完井 (因为在氮气中起钻将引起井 喷, 进而造成井毁人亡的惨剧, 因此如需起钻, 必须将氮气置换为钻井液) , 否则又将污染产层, 使产量重回几万立方米 /天, 失去了氮气钻井的意义。 发明概述
本发明的目的在于提供一种超级 13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法, 既用做钻杆使 用, 用于前期氮气钻井作业, 也用做油管使用, 用于后期油管完井, 从而满足 了含 C02致密砂岩气田获得高产的钻采作业要求。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是:
本发明的超级 13Cr加厚钻杆制造方法, 包括如下步骤: 首先下述成分的钢 管进行管端加厚处理, 制成带加厚端的钻杆, 其成分重量百分比为: C : 0. 0 0. 05% , S i : < 0. 5% , Μη: 0· 2〜1 · 0% , Cr: 12〜14% , Mo : 1〜3% , Ni : 4〜6%, 其余为 Fe和不可避免的杂质; 经整体加热到 95(Tl000°C的温度后, 进行空气冷 却, 最后经 60(T650 °C回火, 钻杆管体与加厚端达到 l lOks i的力学性能; 钻杆 热处理后两加厚端分别加工一个外螺紋钻杆接头和一个内螺紋钻杆接头; 其 中, 管端加厚处理为外加厚, 包括三次加热、 三次加厚; 每次至少进行一道次 变形, 每次加热温度为 115(Tl200 °C ; 第一次外加厚顶锻压力为 180〜220bar; 第二次外加厚的顶锻压力为 180〜220bar ; 第三次外加厚的顶锻压力为 140〜180bar。
此前现有所有低合金钻杆的加厚温度均为 115( 1250 °C , 而本发明的超级 13Cr钻杆的加厚温度为 115( 1200 °C。 为之所以采用这样较低的加厚温度与较 窄的温度范围, 是因为超级 13Cr材质作为高合金钢变形抗力大, 必须采用 1150 °C以上的加厚温度, 但超过 1200 °C会产生高温铁素体使钢的性能变差。
由于超级 13Cr材质作为高合金钢变形抗力大, 尤其是将工具接头直接加厚 出来如此大的变形量, 一般会考虑采用较大的顶锻压力, 与此同时此前的加厚 过程都包括内加厚步骤, 而由于高温铁素体的原因加厚温度不能大幅提高致使 高温塑性提高有限, 因此在内加厚时钢管的加厚端易抱紧冲头, 当冲头退回时, 易发生管子拉断现象。 相反地, 如果采用较小的顶锻压力, 由于超级 13Cr材质 变形抗力大, 则无法满足工具接头的加厚尺寸要求。 这就是此前高合金钻杆无 法进行加厚的原因所在。 而本发明创造性地将大顶锻压力与外加厚相结合, 成 功地完成了超级 13Cr高合金钻杆工具接头大变形量的加厚工作。
在本发明之前, 所有高合金钻杆, 包括铝合金钻杆与钛合金钻杆均是通过 细扣螺紋将钢制接头与铝合金或钛合金管体连接。 这种连接方法存在两个问 题: 一是在用做钻杆使用时, 细扣螺紋连接强度低, 钻杆容易在此连接处断裂; 二是在用做油管使用时, 钢制接头与铝合金或钛合金管体存在电偶腐蚀, 钢制 接头很容易产生严重腐蚀。
之所以此前的高合金钻杆均采用细扣连接的方法, 是因为高合金材质变形 抗力大, 采用传统的加厚工艺难以变形, 更无法完成工具接头如此大的加厚变 形量。
而本发明首次采用低加热温度、 大顶锻压力与外加厚相结合的崭新工艺将 接头生产出来, 克服了此前高合金钻杆细扣连接的缺点。 在用做钻杆使用时, 由于接头与管体实际是同一根管子, 不存在细扣螺紋连接, 不会在细扣连接处 断裂; 在用做油管使用时, 由于接头与管体是同一根管子, 材质完全等同, 不 存在电偶腐蚀, 不会在接头部位产生严重腐蚀。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明通过对管端外加厚工艺及加厚端分别加工为外螺紋钻杆接头和内 螺紋钻杆接头, 使获得的超级 13Cr高合金钻杆既用做钻杆使用, 用于前期氮气 钻井作业, 也用做油管使用, 用于后期油管完井, 从而满足了含 co2致密砂岩气 田的获得高产的钻采作业要求。 发明的详细说明
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
本发明实施例的化学成分如表 1所示, 其余为 Fe。
选取 Φ 101.6ιηιη钻杆进行管端加厚处理, 加厚温度 1 150〜1200°C , 第一次 外加厚步骤顶锻压力为 200bar, 第二次外加厚步骤的顶锻压力为 200bar, 第三 次外加厚步骤的顶锻压力为 160bar , 制成带加厚端的钻杆, 经整体加热到 950〜1000 °C的温度后, 进行空气冷却, 最后经 600〜650 °C回火, 钻杆管体与加 厚端达到 l l Oksi的力学性能; 钻杆热处理后两加厚端分别加工成一个外螺紋钻 杆接头和一个内螺紋钻杆接头。
热处理后的机械性能如表 2所示。从表 2可以看出,采用本发明的工艺后, 产品可以达到 1 1 Oksi的力学性能。 实施例的化学成分( wt% )
Figure imgf000005_0001
表 2 实施例的机械性能
Figure imgf000005_0002
本发明生产超级 13Cr 高合金钻杆, 既用做钻杆使用, 用于前期氮气钻井 作业, 也用做油管使用, 用于后期油管完井, 从而满足了含 CO2致密砂岩气田 的获得高产的钻采作业要求。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种超级 13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法, 包括如下步骤: 首先下述成分的 钢管进行管端加厚处理, 制成带加厚端的钻杆, 其成分重量百分比为: C: 0·01〜0·05% , Si < 0.5%, Mn: 0.2-1.0%, Cr: 12-14%, Mo: 1〜3%, Ni: 4-6%, 其余为 Fe和不可避免的杂质; 然后, 经整体加热到 950〜1000 °C的温度后, 进 行空气冷却, 最后经 600〜650°C回火, 钻杆管体与加厚端达到 l lOksi的力学性 能; 钻杆热处理后两加厚端分别加工一个外螺紋钻杆接头和一个内螺紋钻杆接 头; 其中, 钢管管端加厚处理为外加厚, 包括三次加热、 三次加厚; 每次至少 进行一道次变形, 每次加热温度为 1 150〜1200 °C ; 第一次外加厚顶锻压力为 180〜220bar; 第二次外加厚的顶锻压力为 180〜220bar; 第三次外加厚的顶锻压 力为 140〜180bar。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的超级 13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法, 其特征在于, 经 整体加热到的温度为 960〜990°C。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的超级 13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法, 其特征在于, 回 火的温度为 610〜640 °C。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的超级 13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法, 其特征在于, 每 次加热温度为 1 160〜1 190 °C。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的超级 13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法, 其特征在于, 第 一次外加厚顶锻压力为 190〜210bar。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的超级 13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法, 其特征在于, 第 二次外加厚的顶锻压力为 190〜210bar。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的超级 13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法, 其特征在于, 第 三次外加厚的顶锻压力为 150〜170bar。
PCT/CN2013/086911 2013-04-08 2013-11-12 一种超级13Cr加厚钻杆的制造方法 Ceased WO2014166252A1 (zh)

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CN108486483B (zh) * 2018-06-21 2019-06-28 江苏利淮钢铁有限公司 一种三牙轮钻头牙轮用钢及其生产方法
CN109236194B (zh) * 2018-10-22 2024-07-26 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 一种钢接头钛合金钻杆
CN112676507A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-20 天津钢管制造有限公司 适用于管线管管端加厚墩粗方法

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