WO2014166163A1 - 一种全域覆盖多波束卫星lte的主同步序列设计方法 - Google Patents

一种全域覆盖多波束卫星lte的主同步序列设计方法 Download PDF

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WO2014166163A1
WO2014166163A1 PCT/CN2013/077552 CN2013077552W WO2014166163A1 WO 2014166163 A1 WO2014166163 A1 WO 2014166163A1 CN 2013077552 W CN2013077552 W CN 2013077552W WO 2014166163 A1 WO2014166163 A1 WO 2014166163A1
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sequence
primary synchronization
synchronization sequence
time domain
candidate
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French (fr)
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王海明
邓祝明
高西奇
尤肖虎
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Southeast University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001Synchronization between nodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0007Code type
    • H04J13/0055ZCZ [zero correlation zone]
    • H04J13/0059CAZAC [constant-amplitude and zero auto-correlation]
    • H04J13/0062Zadoff-Chu
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655Synchronisation arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2689Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation
    • H04L27/2692Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation with preamble design, i.e. with negotiation of the synchronisation sequence with transmitter or sequence linked to the algorithm used at the receiver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/02Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/06Airborne or Satellite Networks

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of broadband wireless communication technology, and is specifically a method for designing a primary synchronization sequence of a global coverage multi-beam satellite LTE.
  • Satellite mobile communications is one of the necessary means of communicating at any location.
  • the fourth generation (The Fourth Generation Mobile Communication Systems, 4G) is becoming more and more mature in terrestrial cellular mobile communication, with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) multiple-input multiple-output (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output).
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • 3GPP-LTE Third Generation partnership Project long Term Evolution
  • Terrestrial LTE (T-LTE) with high speed, large capacity, high spectral efficiency, high power efficiency, etc. is applied to satellite mobile communication to establish multi-beam satellite LTE (Satellite LTE, S) in the same frequency network.
  • -LTE The mobile communication system is a hotspot and a difficult point in the field of satellite mobile communication.
  • GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit
  • a single GEO satellite can cover 42.2% of the Earth's area, and three GEO satellites can cover the global area except the North and South Poles;
  • the transmission delay time is constant; no frequent inter-satellite switching is required; the Doppler frequency shift is small; the technology is relatively mature, and the investment risk is relatively small.
  • GEO satellites alone: (1) GEO has been occupied intensively; (2) it cannot cover the two poles; (3) The communication elevation angle is low in the middle and high latitudes, and the signal transmission distance is farther. (4) The tall buildings, mountains, etc.
  • IGSO Geostationary Synchronized Orbit
  • the sub-satellite point trajectory is an "8" shape with the equator as the axis of symmetry.
  • the IGSO satellite can effectively overcome the problem that GEO satellites always have low elevation angles in the mid-high latitudes.
  • the coverage of a single IGSO satellite is not as good as GEO satellites in some areas.
  • GEO satellites and IGSO satellites to jointly network, the two complement each other to achieve global coverage.
  • the multi-beam GEO-IGSO S-LTE mobile communication system generates a plurality of beams on a satellite using a large antenna array, and forms a plurality of cells upon reaching the ground.
  • GEO-IGSO S-LTE also adopts the same-frequency networking mode, and adjacent cells are configured with different primary synchronization sequences.
  • GEO-IGSO S-LTE has more serious inter-beam interference. (Inter-Beam Interference, IBI), the overlapping range of adjacent cells is large. In order to better implement cell search, GEO-IGSO S-LTE requires a larger number of primary synchronization sequences.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a method for designing a primary synchronization sequence of a global coverage multi-beam satellite LTE, which includes the following steps:
  • step (1) includes the following steps:
  • N. j' is an imaginary unit; "N -2
  • the selection criteria include: a time domain autocorrelation property; a time domain signal peak-to-average ratio; a frequency offset sensitivity; a time domain cross-correlation property; and: a computational complexity of the correlation operation performed by the receiving end on the primary synchronization sequence.
  • R (n)s* u ((M + ) modN) is used to describe the time domain autocorrelation property of the sequence, R, (A is
  • the time domain autocorrelation value of the sequence, 4 represents the conjugate, and ⁇ is the cyclic shift offset of the sequence, and satisfies: lN ⁇ a ⁇ Nl;
  • the threshold value of the time domain autocorrelation characteristic is set, and the calculated sequence in which the time domain autocorrelation property S is greater than the threshold value is excluded, and the first candidate primary synchronization sequence set is obtained.
  • PAPR ⁇ Si J is used to describe the time-domain signal peak-to-average ratio of the sequence
  • stress is the vector form of the time domain sequence S tread (M)
  • E is the statistical average
  • max ⁇ is the maximum value
  • the threshold value of the peak-to-average ratio of the domain signal will calculate the peak-to-average ratio of the time domain signal! ⁇ ? ! ⁇
  • the sequence larger than the threshold is excluded, and a second candidate primary synchronization sequence set is obtained.
  • the time domain autocorrelation value of the sequence after adding the carrier frequency offset, f is the normalized carrier frequency offset; setting the threshold of the frequency offset sensitivity, the calculated frequency offset sensitivity FoS ⁇ Si J is greater than The sequence of the threshold is excluded to obtain a third candidate primary synchronization sequence set.
  • Rdale i which is the time-domain cross-correlation value of the sequence; sets the threshold value of the time-domain cross-correlation property, and excludes the sequence pair whose time domain cross-correlation property L is greater than the threshold value , obtaining a fourth candidate primary synchronization sequence set.
  • a computational complexity criterion for performing correlation operations on the fourth candidate primary synchronization sequence by the receiving end using a sequence such as The following properties: s u ( n ) o ), after the receiver obtains the correlation operation result of one of the sequences, the correlation result of the other sequence can be directly obtained without additional multiplication, thereby obtaining the final candidate primary synchronization sequence set.
  • GEO-satellite and IGSO satellite co-frequency joint networking is used to achieve global coverage.
  • Fourth, through the technical solution of the present invention, multiple primary synchronization sequences designed for the GEO satellite and the IGSO satellite can be divided into two sequence subsets having mutually conjugate sequences. , thereby reducing the amount of reception related operations.
  • 1 is a flow chart of a method for designing a primary synchronization sequence of a global coverage multi-beam S-LTE according to the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic diagram of a mapping manner of a T-LTE primary synchronization sequence in a frequency domain.
  • 3 is a time domain autocorrelation property map of a first candidate primary synchronization sequence set.
  • FIG. 4 is a time-domain signal peak-to-average ratio diagram of a second candidate primary synchronization sequence set.
  • Figure 5 is a frequency offset sensitivity map of the third candidate primary synchronization sequence set when the normalized frequency offset is 0.3.
  • the present invention provides a method for designing a primary synchronization sequence of a global coverage multi-beam S-LTE, and FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method.
  • the LTE specification states that the intermediate position element of the primary synchronization sequence corresponding to the DC subcarrier needs to be forced to zero, so the standard Zadoff-Chu sequence can be extended to The generalized Zadoff-Chu sequence, that is, the root number w can be M e ⁇ l, 2, . . . , N ⁇ , so that more initial candidate primary synchronization sequence sets of candidate sequences can be obtained.
  • the set of candidate primary synchronization sequences is gradually reduced to obtain a final set of candidate primary synchronization sequences.
  • Figure 2 shows how the T-LTE primary synchronization sequence is mapped in the frequency domain.
  • Figure 3 shows the time domain autocorrelation properties of the first initial candidate primary synchronization sequence set.
  • E ⁇ represents the statistical average.
  • the threshold value of the peak-to-average ratio of the time domain signal is set to 5.5 dB, and the sequence of the time-domain signal peak-to-average ratio is greater than the threshold value is excluded.
  • 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 19, 23, 25
  • the threshold value of the frequency offset sensitivity is set to -4.6 dB, and the sequence with the frequency offset sensitivity greater than the threshold value is excluded to obtain a third candidate primary synchronization sequence set:
  • the fourth candidate primary synchronization sequence set is obtained:
  • the receiving end obtains the correlation operation result of one of the sequences, and the correlation result of the other sequence does not require additional multiplication calculation, and the error is utilized!
  • the reference source was not found. And wrong! The reference source was not found.
  • the relationship between the two can be directly obtained, thereby reducing the computational complexity of the correlation operation performed by the receiving end on the primary synchronization sequence.
  • the final candidate primary synchronization sequence set is obtained:
  • the set of 8 sequences is divided into 4 subsets, and the sequence pairs in the subset are conjugate to each other.
  • (3). Obtain the main synchronization sequence with the best compromise between performance and computational complexity from the final set of candidate primary synchronization sequences.
  • the GEO satellite can select three sequences as the primary synchronization sequence, and the three sequences are from any three sequences in the final candidate primary synchronization sequence set H.
  • a subset, one for each subset, and the IGSO satellite can use the remaining three sequences of the three subsets.
  • the GEO satellite uses the primary synchronization sequence set H eEQ d combat
  • w 25,29,30 ⁇ , while the IGSO satellite uses the primary synchronization sequence set H ies .
  • ⁇ d H ⁇ u 33,34,38

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法,包括如下步骤:将标准Zadoff-Chu序列扩展为广义Zadoff-Chu序列,从而获得更多候选序列的初始候选主同步序列集合;根据主同步序列的选择准则,逐步缩小候选主同步序列集合,以获得最终的候选主同步序列集合;从最终的候选主同步序列集合中获得性能和复杂度最佳折衷的主同步序列集合。本发明可以为全域覆盖的同频组网多波束卫星 LTE系统设计性能和计算复杂度最佳折衷的主同步序列。

Description

一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法 技术领域
本发明属于宽带无线通信技术领域, 具体是一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步 序列设计方法。
背景技术
卫星移动通信是实现在任何地点进行通信的必要手段之一。 近年来, 第四代 (The Fourth Generation Mobile Communication Systems, 4G ) 陆地蜂窝移动通信发展日趋成熟, 以正交频分复用 (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) 多输入多输出 (Multiple-Input Multiple- Output, MIMO) 和同频组网等作为关键技术的第三代合作伙伴 计划长期演进技术(The 3rd Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution, 3GPP-LTE) 已经陆续投入商用。将具有高速率、大容量、高频谱效率、高功率效率等特点的陆地 LTE ( Terrestrial LTE, T-LTE) 应用到卫星移动通信中, 建立同频组网的多波束卫星 LTE (Satellite LTE, S-LTE) 移动通信系统是当前卫星移动通信领域研究的热点和难点。
采用地球静止轨道 (Geostationary Earth Orbit, GEO) 卫星提供移动通信业务具有很 多优点: 理论上, 单颗 GEO卫星能够覆盖 42.2%的地球面积, 3颗 GEO卫星即能覆盖南 北极除外的全球区域; 信号传输延迟时间是常量; 不需要频繁的卫星间切换; 多普勒频 移小; 技术相对成熟, 投资风险相对较小等。 然而, 单纯采用 GEO卫星的卫星移动通信 系统, 存在着一些问题: (1 ) GEO已被密集占用; (2) 无法覆盖两极; (3) 中高纬度地 区的通信仰角低, 信号传输距离更远; (4) 在地面终端和卫星之间的高大建筑物、 山脉 等, 阻碍信号的传输, 形成阴影区, 从而难于实现卫星移动通信全域覆盖。 倾斜地球静 止同步轨道( Inclining Geostationary Synchronized Orbit, IGSO )卫星, 由于轨道倾角大于 0°, 其星下点轨迹是以赤道为对称轴的 "8"字形, 轨道倾角越大, "8"字形的区域也越大, 因此, IGSO卫星能有效克服 GEO卫星在中高纬度地区始终是低仰角的问题。 然而, 单 颗 IGSO卫星的覆盖能力在某些地区不如 GEO卫星。 采用 GEO卫星和 IGSO卫星联合 组网, 两者优势互补, 可实现全域覆盖。
多波束 GEO-IGSO S-LTE移动通信系统在卫星上采用大型天线阵列产生多个波束, 到达地面后形成多个小区。 与 T-LTE—样, GEO-IGSO S-LTE也采用同频组网方式, 相 邻小区配置不同的主同步序列。 然而, GEO-IGSO S-LTE存在较为严重的波束间干扰 (Inter-Beam Interference, IBI), 相邻小区的交叠范围大。 为了更好地实现小区搜索, GEO-IGSO S-LTE需要数量更多的主同步序列。
发明内容
发明目的: 针对多波束 GEO-IGSO S-LTE需要与 T-LTE数量更多的主同步序列这一 需求, 本发明的目的是提供一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法。
技术方案: 为实现上述发明目的, 本发明采用的技术方案为一种全域覆盖多波束卫 星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 包括如下步骤:
( 1 )将标准 Zadoff-Chu序列扩展为广义 Zadoff-Chu序列, 从而获得更多候选序列的 初始候选主同步序列集合;
(2) 根据主同步序列的选择准则, 逐步縮小候选主同步序列集合, 以获得最终的候 选主同步序列集合;
(3) 从最终的候选主同步序列集合中获得性能和复杂度最佳折衷的主同步序列集 合。
进一步的, 所述步骤 (1) 包括如下步骤:
1) 利用子载波映射的方式, 将长度为 N^的标准 Zadoff-Chu 序列扩展为广义 Zadoff-Chu序列, 获得广义 Zadoff-Chu序列集合 A = {XH \u = l,2,...,Njc}, 其中 x„为广义 Zadoff-Chu序列 xu (m)的向量形式, u表示根序号;
2) 去除广义 Zadoff-Chu序列集合 A中每条序列的中间点, 获得初始候选主同步序 列集合 B ={dH|w = l,2,...,N^}, 其中 ^为初始候选主同步序列 ( 的向量形式, 向量 d„ 的长度为 N^-l。 所述广义 Zadoff-Chu序列 xu (m)由下式得到: j um[m + \^
xu(m)=exp m = 0,l,...,N -1
N. j'为虚数单位; "N -2
Figure imgf000005_0001
进一步地, 所述选择准则包括: 时域自相关特性; 时域信号峰均比; 频偏敏感度; 时 域互相关特性; 以及: 接收端对主同步序列进行相关运算的计算复杂度。
在所述步骤(2) 中, 对初始候选主同步序列集合中的序列进行补零并进行 N点离散 傅里叶逆变换得到时域序列 {n): su(n)= . 1 ∑du(k) exp (J^l) , n = 0,l,...,N-l
N
Figure imgf000005_0002
f N -I ) N N
d„ d k-N + ^ ~ k=— + l,— + 2, N-l
2 J 2 2
N
0 k = 0—
2
计算初始候选主同步序列集合中序列的时域自相关特性:
max \R (ή ,
P =101og dB
其中, R (n)s*u ((M + )modN) , 用于描述序列的时域自相关特性, R,,(A为
Figure imgf000005_0003
序列的时域自相关值, 4表示求共轭, Ϊ为序列 的循环移位偏移量, 且满足: l-N <a≤N-l;
设定时域自相关特性的门限值, 将算得的时域自相关特性 S大于该门限值的序列排 除, 得到第一候选主同步序列集合。 一 主同步序列集合中序列的时域信号峰均 比:
Figure imgf000006_0001
其中, PAPR {SiJ用于描述序列的时域信号峰均比, s„是时域序列 S„ (M)的向量形式, E 表示统计平均, max {·}表示取最大值; 设定时域信号峰均比的门限值,将算得的时域信号峰均比!^八?!^^^大于该门限值的 序列排除, 得到第二候选主同步序列集合。
计算所述第二候选主同步序列集合中序列的频偏敏感度:
其中, 用于描述序列的频偏敏
Figure imgf000006_0002
感度, 为加入载波频率偏移后序列的时域自相关值, f为归一化载波频率偏移; 设定频偏敏感度的门限值, 将算得的频偏敏感度 FoS {SiJ大于该门限值的序列排除, 得到第三候选主同步序列集合。
计算所述第三候选主同步序列集合中序列的时域互相关特性:
其中, 时域互相关特性, 和
Figure imgf000006_0003
M2分别表示不同的根序号, R„i ( 为序列的时域互相关值; 设定时域互相关特性的门限值, 将时域互相关特性 L 大于该门限值的序列对排除, 得到第四候选主同步序列集合。
所述接收端对第四候选主同步序列进行相关运算的计算复杂度准则, 利用序列的如 下性质: su (n) o ), 使得接收端得到其中一条的相关运算结果后, 另一条序列的 相关结果不需额外乘法计算, 可直接获得, 从而得到最终的候选主同步序列集合。
有益效果: 第一, 采用 GEO卫星和 IGSO卫星同频联合组网, 实现全域覆盖; 第二, 通过本发明的技术方案, 分别为 GEO卫星和 IGSO卫星提供两组不同的主同步序列, 降 低了采用相同主同步序列配置小区间的干扰, 提高定时精度, 并加速小区搜索; 第三, 通过本发明的技术方案, 为 GEO卫星和 IGSO卫星提供两组不同的主同步序列, 据此, 通过检测主同步序列, 可判断小区所属的卫星类型; 第四, 通过本发明的技术方案, 为 GEO卫星和 IGSO卫星设计的多条主同步序列可分为具有互为共轭序列的 2个序列子集, 从而可降低接收相关运算量。
附图说明
图 1是本发明所述的一种全域覆盖多波束 S-LTE的主同步序列设计方法的流程图。 图 2是 T-LTE主同步序列在频域中的映射方式示意图。
图 3是第一候选主同步序列集合的时域自相关特性图。
图 4是第二候选主同步序列集合的时域信号峰均比图。
图 5是归一化频偏为 0.3时, 第三候选主同步序列集合的频偏敏感度图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例, 进一步阐明本发明, 应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本 发明而不用于限制本发明的范围, 在阅读了本发明之后, 本领域技术人员对本发明的各 种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。
本发明提供了一种全域覆盖多波束 S-LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 图 1为该方法的 流程图。 下面以 N^ = 63的标准 Zadoff-Chu序列为例, 结合附图对本发明的具体实施方 式作进一步详细说明。
(1).根据标准 Zadoff-Chu序列定义, 序列长度 Nze和根序号 w ( Root Index) 必须满足 gcd(Nzc , u) = l (公式 1 ) 其中, gcd(x,3 表示 X和 y的最大公约数。 LTE技术规范规定, 直流子载波所对应的 主同步序列的中间位置元素需要强制置零, 因此可以将标准 Zadoff-Chu序列扩展为 广义 Zadoff-Chu序列, 即: 根序号 w的取值可以为 Me{l,2,...,N^, 从而可获得更多 候选序列的初始候选主同步序列集合。
1) 将标准 Zadoff-Chu序列扩展为广义 Zadoff-Chu序列, 获得广义 Zadoff-Chu 序列集合 A ={xH|W = l,2,...,A^,其中, x„是序列 x„(m)的向量形式, x„(m) 由下式得到:
j um[m + \^
(m) = exP m = 0,l,...,N -1 (公式 2)
N,
2) 去除广义 Zadoff-Chu序列集合 A中每条序列的中间点,获得初始候选主同步 序列集合8 ={(11 = 1,2,..., ^,其中, d„是序列 )的向量形式, άα ΐή 由下式得到:
Figure imgf000008_0001
d„ (公式 3)
N -1 N +1
exp "N -2
N
(2).根据主同步序列的选择准则, 即时域自相关特性、 时域信号峰均比、频偏敏感度、 时 域互相关特性以及接收端对主同步序列进行相关运算的计算复杂度, 逐步縮小候选 主同步序列集合, 以获得最终的候选主同步序列集合。
1) 根据 T-LTE主同步序列在频域中的映射方式, 分别对初始候选主同步序列集 合 B中的序列进行补零并进行长度 N = 64点 IDFT变换, 即采样率为 0.96
MHz, 获得时域序歹 lj集合 S ={sH|W = l,2,...,A^}, 其中, s„是时域序列 的向量形式, 由下式得到: η = 0,1,...,Ν-1 (公式 4)
Figure imgf000008_0002
其中, N -1
d„ k + 1,2,...,^- d.. + 2,...,N-l (公式 5)
Figure imgf000009_0001
图 2给出了 T-LTE主同步序列在频域中的映射方式。
) 计算初始候选主同步序列集合中序列的时域自相关特性 Ρ„, 计算公式如下:
P =101og (公式 6)
Figure imgf000009_0002
(公式 7)
Figure imgf000009_0003
设定时域自相关特性的门限值为 -14.9dB,将时域自相关特性大于门限值的序 列排除,得到第一候选主同步序列集合0={(11 =1,2,..., -1}。图 3给出了 第一初始候选主同步序列集合的时域自相关特性。
) 计算 2)中得到的第一候选主同步序列集合中序列的时域信号峰均比, 计算 /入 式如下:
PAPR{s„}=101og =10 (公式 8)
Figure imgf000009_0004
其中, s„是时域序列 的向量形式, E{ 表示统计平均。 设定时域信号 峰均比的门限值为 5.5dB, 将时域信号峰均比大于门限值的序列排除, 得到 第二候选主同步序列集合:
α = 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 19, 23, 25
D d 26, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 37,38, 40, 44, 47,
48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62
图 4给出了第二候选主同步序列集合的时域信号峰均比( ) 计算 3)中得到的第二候选主同步序列集合中序列的频偏敏感度, 其中归 载波频率偏移 (简称 " 一化频偏") 设定为 f = 0.3, 计算公式如下:
(公式 9 )
Figure imgf000010_0001
(公式 10)
Figure imgf000010_0002
设定频偏敏感度的门限值为 -4.6dB, 将频偏敏感度大于门限值的序列排除, 得到第三候选主同步序列集合:
F = {dH |M = 19, 25, 26, 29, 30, 33, 34, 38, 44} 图 5给出了归一化频偏 f = 0.3时, 第三候选主同步序列集合的频偏敏感度。) 计算 4)中得到的第三候选主同步序列集合中序列两两之间的时域互相关特性
(公式 11)
Figure imgf000010_0003
+ mod N) (公式 12)
Figure imgf000010_0004
得到表 1。
表 1 序列最大互相关绝对值 (dB)
Figure imgf000011_0002
若设定时域互相关特性的门限值为 -6dB, 将时域互相关特性大于门限值 的序列对排除, 则得到第四候选主同步序列集合:
G = {dH \u = 19,25,26,29,30,33,34,38,44}
6) 依据接收端对主同步序列进行相关运算的计算 复杂度最小准则, 利用如下性质:
{n) = s"N^u{n) (公式 13) x = xR + jxI , = « + ^,,其中, «和 分别是向量 X的实部和虚部, «和 分别是向量 y的实部和虚部。设 X« =Circ{xs}, X,
Figure imgf000011_0001
, 其中
Circ{x} 表示第一列为 x 的循环矩阵, 贝 lj X = Circ{x} = Xs + jX:
X* = Circ{x* } = Χβ- jX,。 序列 χ和 y的互相关表示为 = xHy
:(Xs + yx,) {yR + jy,)
(公式 14)
--(χτ κγκτ,γι)+](χτ κγιτ ιγκ)
: (a+b) + (c-d) 其中, a XT RyR , b=Xy,, c = Xy,, d = XyK。 序列 x*和 y的互相关 可表示为 =(xTy
= {XR-jXI)H{yR + jyI) (公式 15)
Figure imgf000012_0001
= (a-b) + y(c + d)
因此, 利用序列互为共轭特性, 接收端得到其中一条序列的相关运算结 果后, 另一条序列的相关结果不需额外乘法计算量, 利用 错误! 未找到引用源。 和错误! 未找到引用源。 之间的关系可直接获得, 从 而降低接收端对主同步序列进行相关运算的计算复杂度。根据这一选择准则, 得到最终的候选主同步序列集合:
H = {dH \u = (19, 44) , (25, 38) , (29, 34) , (30, 33)}
其中, 8条序列的集合分为 4个子集, 子集中的序列对互为共轭。 (3).从最终的候选主同步序列集合中获得性能和计算复杂度最佳折衷的主同步序列。为利 用序列互为共轭特性以降低接收端进行相关运算的计算复杂度, GEO卫星可选用 3 条序列作为主同步序列, 这 3条序列来自最终的候选主同步序列集合 H中任意 3个 序列子集, 每子集选 1条, 而 IGSO卫星可选用这 3个子集剩余的另外 3条序列。例 如, GEO卫星采用主同步序列集合 HeEQ d„|w = 25,29,30}, 而 IGSO卫星则采用主 同步序列集合 Hies。 {dH \u = 33,34,38

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE 的主同步序列设计方法, 其特征在于, 包括如下步 骤:
(1) 将标准 Zadoff-Chu序列扩展为广义 Zadoff-Chu序列, 从而获得更多候选序列的 初始候选主同步序列集合;
(2) 根据主同步序列的选择准则, 逐步縮小候选主同步序列集合, 以获得最终的候 选主同步序列集合;
(3) 从最终的候选主同步序列集合中获得性能和复杂度最佳折衷的主同步序列集 合
2、 根据权利要求 1所述一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 其特 征在于: 所述步骤 (1) 包括如下步骤:
1) 利用子载波映射的方式, 将长度为 N^的标准 Zadoff-Chu序列扩展为广义 Zadoff- Chu序列, 获得广义 Zadoff-Chu序列集合 A
Figure imgf000013_0001
= l,2,...,Nzc], 其中 x„为广义 Zadoff- Chu序列 x„ (m)的向量形式, w表示根序号;
2) 去除广义 Zadoff-Chu序列集合 A中每条序列的中间点, 获得初始候选主同步序列 集合 B ={dH|W = l,2,...,N^, 其中 为初始候选主同步序列 )的向量形式, 向量 ^的 长度为 N-1。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 其特 征在于: 所述广义 Zadoff-Chu序列 xu (m)由下式得到: jVr画 (m + 1)
¾(m) = exp m = 0,l,...,N -1
N一
式中, 为虚数单位;
AL_3
exp k = 0,l.
d,.
j u ( k + N -1 N +1
exp ,N -2
N 2 2
4、 根据权利要求 3所述一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 其特 征在于: 所述选择准则包括: 时域自相关特性; 时域信号峰均比; 频偏敏感度; 时域互 相关特性; 以及: 接收端对主同步序列进行相关运算的计算复杂度。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 其特 征在于: 所述步骤 (2) 中, 对初始候选主同步序列集合中的序列进行补零并进行 N点离 散傅里叶逆变换得到时域序列 Su (n):
Figure imgf000014_0001
f Ν -I ) Ν
d k + ^ 1 yt = l,2,...,— -1
"{ 2 J 2
( N -Ιλ N N
ά,. d k-N + ^ ~ yt =— + 1,— + 2,...,N-1
"I 2 2 2
0
2
6、 根据权利要求 5所述一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 其特 征在于: 计算初始候选主同 :
其中, 域自相关特性, ( 为
Figure imgf000014_0002
序列的时域自相关值, 4表示求共轭, Ϊ为序列 (Μ)的循环移位偏移量, 且满足: l-N <n≤N-l;
设定时域自相关特性的门限值, 将算得的时域自相关特性 Ρ„大于该门限值的序列排 除, 得到第一候选主同步序列集合。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 其特 征在于: 计算所述第一候选主同步序列集合中序列的时域信号峰均比:
Figure imgf000014_0003
其中, PAPR{SiJ用于描述序列的时域信号峰均比, s„是时域序列 (M)的向量形式, E {·}表示统计平均, max {·}表示取最大值; 设定时域信号峰均比的门限值, 将算得的时域信号峰均比 PAPR {s„ }大于该门限值的 序列排除, 得到第二候选主同步序列集合。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 其特 征在于: 计算所述第二候选主同步序列 合中序列的频偏敏感度:
FoS is.. lOlog
其中, (") : (Μ) Μ ((M + i) mod N) 于描述序列的频偏敏
Figure imgf000015_0001
感度, K 为加入载波频率偏移后序列的时域自相关值, f为归一化载波频率偏移; 设定频偏敏感度的门限值, 将算得的频偏敏感度 FoS {SIJ大于该门限值的序列排除, 得到第三候选主同步序列集合。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 其特 征在于: 计算所述第三候选主同步序列 互相关特性:
P.. lOlog
Figure imgf000015_0002
其中, ∑sUl (n)s*U2 ((n + n) mod Ν) Pu u 用于描述序列的时域互相关特性, ¾1和 w2分别表示不同的根序号, R„i ( 为序列的时域互相关值;
设定时域互相关特性的门限值, 将时域互相关特性 „2大于该门限值的序列对排除, 得到第四候选主同步序列集合。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述一种全域覆盖多波束卫星 LTE的主同步序列设计方法, 其 特征在于: 所述接收端对第四候选主同步序列进行相关运算的计算复杂度准则, 利用序 列的如下性质: = 从而得到最终的候选主同步序列集合。
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