WO2014155936A1 - Load control system - Google Patents

Load control system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014155936A1
WO2014155936A1 PCT/JP2014/000696 JP2014000696W WO2014155936A1 WO 2014155936 A1 WO2014155936 A1 WO 2014155936A1 JP 2014000696 W JP2014000696 W JP 2014000696W WO 2014155936 A1 WO2014155936 A1 WO 2014155936A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
load
wireless communication
load control
signal
control device
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2014/000696
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雅裕 長田
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パナソニック株式会社
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Publication of WO2014155936A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014155936A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H04W52/343—TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading taking into account loading or congestion level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/10—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a centralized architecture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/40—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/80—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device
    • H04Q2209/82—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device where the sensing device takes the initiative of sending data
    • H04Q2209/823—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device where the sensing device takes the initiative of sending data where the data is sent when the measured values exceed a threshold, e.g. sending an alarm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a load control system, in particular, a load control system suitable for non-residential facilities that performs transmission and reception of signals between a load control device that directly controls on and off of a load and a centralized control device via radio communication using radio waves.
  • a load control system suitable for non-residential facilities that performs transmission and reception of signals between a load control device that directly controls on and off of a load and a centralized control device via radio communication using radio waves.
  • a load control device installed in the vicinity of a load and directly controlling on and off of the load is an electronic device such as a control circuit or a communication circuit configured by a CPU or the like in order to transmit and receive signals to and from the central control device.
  • a circuit is provided. In the case of newly constructing a non-residential facility, it is possible to wire-connect between the central control device and individual load control devices.
  • the load processing is simplified in order to simplify the wiring process.
  • Radio communication using radio waves is used to transmit and receive signals between the control device and the centralized control device.
  • the power of the wireless communication device cannot be increased to a certain value or more due to laws and regulations, and the wireless communication distance is several tens of meters. It is limited to the following. Therefore, when non-residential facilities are vast, it is not possible to perform radio communication by radio waves with all load control devices installed in various places of non-residential facilities with only one wireless communication device connected to the centralized control device. A plurality of wireless communication devices are installed at a certain distance. Moreover, there is a limit to the frequencies that can be used due to legal restrictions, and the radio frequencies used for communication between the plurality of radio communication devices and the load control device are the same.
  • each wireless communication device and the central control device are connected by wire, and a synchronization signal is transmitted from the central control device to each wireless communication device.
  • Each wireless communication device has a master-slave relationship set in advance with one or more load control devices, and each load control device performs wireless communication only with a specific wireless communication device with a master-slave relationship set. I do.
  • a centralized control device centrally manages and displays the state of loads such as a large number of lighting devices installed in non-residential facilities, and loads connected to each load control device are turned on. Data must be collected indicating whether it is a state or an off state.
  • the centralized control device and each load control device are connected by wire, the centralized control device can always poll the individual load control devices.
  • the centralized control device and individual load control devices are connected wirelessly by radio waves via a wireless communication device, if the individual load control device is constantly polled, communication of other signals is performed. It becomes impossible. Therefore, in normal operation, the centralized control device stores the state of the load connected to each load control device, and only when the load state changes, the centralized control from the load control device via the wireless communication device A load state change notification signal is transmitted to the apparatus.
  • the centralized control device wants to immediately obtain the data on the status of each load (load status notification signal) and display the load status.
  • load status notification signal When transmission of the load state notification signal to the communication device is started, radio waves collide with each other and the load state notification signal cannot be received.
  • the load state notification signal is permanently associated with those load control devices. Etc. can not get.
  • Patent Document 1 a technique for preventing a reply signal from each slave unit from colliding with the master unit is described in Patent Document 1.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the conventional example, and is a load control system suitable for load control such as a lighting device for a non-residential facility, between the load control device and the centralized control device.
  • An object of the present invention is to perform data transmission / reception via radio communication using radio waves, and reliably acquire data related to the state of each load (load state notification signal) and shorten the acquisition time when the power is turned on.
  • a load control system includes: A centralized control device that grasps and manages the status of multiple loads; A plurality of load control devices for directly controlling on or off of one or more of the plurality of loads, and transmitting a load state notification signal regarding the state of the load via radio communication by radio waves; A plurality of wireless communications that are wired and connected to the centralized control device, and that transmit / receive signals to / from a plurality of load control devices in which a master-slave relationship is set in advance among the plurality of load control devices Equipped with equipment,
  • the wireless communication devices operate in synchronization with each other based on a synchronization signal transmitted from the central control device
  • the load control devices operate in synchronization with each other based on synchronization signals transmitted from the wireless communication devices, respectively.
  • the wireless communication device After powering on the wireless communication device, the wireless communication device transmits a load state acquisition signal to each of the plurality of load control devices to which the master-slave relationship is set, The load control device that has received the load status acquisition signal transmits a load status notification signal indicating a load status controlled by the load control device to the wireless communication device in which the master-slave relationship is set, The wireless communication device that has received the load state notification signal transmits the received load state notification signal to the centralized control device via the wired connection.
  • the wireless communication device transmits a beacon to the load control device at a predetermined cycle, and a frame defined by the predetermined cycle from a certain beacon to the next beacon is the load state acquisition signal and Divided into a plurality of time slots longer than the load state notification signal,
  • the wireless communication device Randomly arrange communication slots with a plurality of load control devices in which the master-slave relationship is set in all slots of the frame, After transmitting the load status acquisition signal, when the load status notification signal cannot be acquired from all of the plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set within the predetermined period, all slots of the next frame
  • it is preferable to re-send the load status acquisition signal by randomly arranging the communication slots with the load control device that could not acquire the load status notification signal again so as not to overlap.
  • the wireless communication devices are offset so that slots for transmitting the beacons do not overlap based on a preset order.
  • the wireless communication devices are each offset based on a preset order so that frames for transmitting the load status acquisition signals do not overlap.
  • the wireless communication devices have overlapping frames for transmitting the load state acquisition signal.
  • Each of the wireless communication devices can transmit the load state notification signal even if the load state acquisition signal is retransmitted a predetermined number of times to any one of the plurality of load control devices in which the master-slave relationship is set. It is preferable to transmit an absence signal indicating that the load control device is absent to the centralized control device.
  • Each of the wireless communication devices can obtain the load state notification signal from all of the plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set before reaching the specified number of times, up to the specified number of frames. It is preferable not to shift to normal operation.
  • the beacon transmitted by the wireless communication device includes a load state change notification permission signal or a load state change notification prohibition signal
  • the wireless communication device acquires the load state notification signal from all of the plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set or retransmits the load state acquisition signal a specified number of times after the power is turned on. Until the beacon is transmitted including the load state change notification prohibition signal, and then the beacon is transmitted including the load state change notification permission signal, It is preferable that the load control device does not transmit the load state change notification signal even if the state of the load controlled by the load control device changes until the load state change notification permission signal is received.
  • the load control device that has received the load state change notification permission signal confirms whether or not the wireless communication device is transmitting by carrier sense when the state of the load controlled by the load control device has changed, It is preferable to transmit the load state change notification signal using a slot to which no radio wave is transmitted.
  • the load control device When the load control device receives the load state change notification permission signal after the power is turned on, whether or not the wireless communication device is transmitting by carrier sense after a delay time of a random number of slots And send a startup notification signal using a slot that is not transmitting radio waves,
  • the wireless communication device receives the activation notification signal from any of a plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set, it is preferable that the wireless communication device acquires the load state notification signal by any one of the methods.
  • a wireless communication device when a non-residential facility is powered on, a wireless communication device does not transmit a load state notification signal indicating a load state controlled by the load control device from each load control device. Since only the load control device that received the load status acquisition signal transmits the load status notification signal, the possibility that the load status notification signals transmitted wirelessly collide with each other is reduced, and the centralized control device A load state notification signal for the load can be acquired.
  • the block diagram which shows the structure of the load control system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention The block diagram which shows the structure of the 2-wire type load control apparatus used for the said load control system.
  • wireless communication apparatus and load control apparatus in the said load control system The conceptual diagram which shows operation
  • FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of a load control system according to the present embodiment.
  • This load control system is installed in non-residential facilities such as factories, offices, commercial facilities, etc., and is remotely controlled from a place where loads such as lighting devices are turned on and off, or a place where loads are turned on or off. It is a system to monitor with.
  • the load control system is installed on, for example, a distribution board, and the central control device 1 that grasps and manages the state of a plurality of loads, and the plurality of wireless communication devices 2, 3 that are wired to the central control device 1. And a plurality of load control devices 21, 22,.
  • Each of the wireless communication devices 2, 3,... Is set so as to transmit / receive signals to / from a plurality of load control devices 21, 22,. ing.
  • the centralized control device 1 inputs a predetermined or arbitrary control command with a transmission unit 11 that transmits / receives a predetermined signal to / from each wireless communication device 2, 3.
  • the input / output device 12 that displays predetermined information and the display of the loads 121, 122,... Connected to the load control devices 21, 22,. It consists of a panel 13 and the like.
  • a plurality of loads 133a, 133b may be connected as in the load control device 33. .
  • the load control device 33 to which a plurality of loads are connected may collectively control the on and off of the plurality of loads 133a and 133b, or may individually control the on and off of the plurality of loads 133a and 133b. Also good. In the latter case, it is assumed that the load control device 33 has a plurality of opening / closing sections.
  • the wireless communication devices 2, 3... include a wireless communication circuit that performs wireless communication with the load control device by radio waves, a control unit configured by a CPU, a memory, and the like, and a transmission unit. 11 is configured by a wired communication circuit that performs wired communication with 11. It is possible to transmit a control signal for turning on or off the loads 121, 122... From the central control device 1 to the load control devices 21, 22,. Needless to say.
  • the load control devices 21 to 25 have a master-slave relationship set in advance with the wireless communication device 2 on the left side in the drawing, and the load control devices 31 to 35 are connected with the wireless communication device 3 on the right side in the drawing. Assume that a master-slave relationship is set in advance. Even if the load control device 22 is at a distance where radio communication with the right wireless communication device 3 is possible by radio waves, the master-slave relationship is set with the left wireless communication device 2. No wireless communication is performed with the wireless communication device 3 on the right side. The same applies to other load control devices.
  • the wireless communication devices 2, 3 Operate in synchronization with each other based on a synchronization signal transmitted from the central control device 1, and the load control devices 21, 22. It is assumed that they are operating in synchronization with each other based on a synchronization signal transmitted from the communication devices 2, 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block configuration of the load control device 200 as a component used as the load control devices 21, 22,.
  • the load control device 200 is for so-called two-wire wiring.
  • a series circuit of a primary winding of an open / close unit 203 and a current transformer 204 configured by a relay switch element or the like includes a commercial power source 201 and a load 202. Are connected in series.
  • Both terminals of the opening / closing unit 203 are connected to an off power source unit 210 for securing driving power of the control unit 205 and the wireless communication unit 207 when the load 202 is in an off state.
  • an on power supply unit 220 for securing drive power of the control unit 205 and the wireless communication unit 207 when the load 202 is in an on state is connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer 204.
  • a weak current that does not turn on the load 202 flows from the commercial power supply 201 to the off power supply unit 210 via the load 202.
  • the off power supply unit 210 rectifies an alternating current that flows when the load 202 is in an off state by a rectifier circuit 211 and converts the alternating current to a DC constant voltage of 1.5 to 6 V for driving a CPU or the like by a constant voltage circuit 212. Output.
  • the on-power supply unit 220 rectifies the alternating current flowing through the secondary winding of the current transformer 204 by the rectifier circuit 221 configured by a diode bridge or the like, and after stepping up or stepping down by the step-up / step-down circuit, the constant voltage circuit 223 Convert to DC constant voltage of 1.5-6V and output. Since the voltage generated in the secondary winding of the current transformer 204 is determined by the impedance of the primary winding of the current transformer 204 and the load current, depending on the impedance of the load 202 connected to the load control device 200, The voltage generated in the secondary winding of the current transformer 204 may be boosted.
  • the control unit 205 is a control circuit configured by, for example, a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like.
  • the control unit 205 is operated by a user and controls opening / closing of the opening / closing unit 203 based on operation information from the operation unit 206 such as a push button switch. Thereby, on and off of the load 202 is controlled.
  • the control unit 205 stores information such as which wireless communication device performs wireless communication, and what number load control device is the wireless communication device.
  • the wireless communication unit 207 performs wireless two-way communication using radio waves with a designated wireless communication device.
  • wireless communication between the wireless communication device and the load control device in this embodiment will be described.
  • the following explanation is the communication for the central control device to acquire data (load state notification signal) regarding the state of each load when the power of the non-residential facility is turned on, and the state of the load has changed thereafter. This is different from the normal operation of transmitting and receiving data (load state change notification signal).
  • only the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are connected to the centralized control device 1 by wire, only the load control devices 21 to 25 are connected to the wireless communication device 2, and the load is connected to the wireless communication device 3. It is assumed that only the control devices 31 to 35 are connected.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are supplied with power superimposed on the signal from the central control device 1.
  • the load control devices 21 to 35 are installed at locations away from the central control device 1, power may be supplied from a power source different from that of the central control device 1, but here the same power source is used. A description will be given assuming that power is supplied.
  • FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the wireless communication devices 2, 3... And the load control devices 21, 22,.
  • the basic operation of wireless communication to be performed will be described.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 transmit a beacon B with a predetermined cycle to the load control device, and a frame defined with a predetermined cycle from one beacon B to the next beacon B has a load described later. It is divided into a plurality of time slots longer than the state acquisition signal and the load state notification signal. Although one frame is divided into 11 slots for drawing, the length of one frame and the number of slots are not particularly limited.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 and the load control devices 21 to 35 operate in synchronization, and each of the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 has a slot for transmitting a beacon based on a preset order.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are offset so that they do not overlap.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are offset so that frames transmitting beacons including a load state acquisition signal do not overlap based on a preset order.
  • the wireless communication device 3 transmits a beacon including a load state acquisition signal in the next frame.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 After the power is turned on, the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 transmit a load status acquisition signal to each of the plurality of load control devices 21 to 35 for which the master-slave relationship is set in advance.
  • a beacon including a load state acquisition signal is transmitted from the wireless communication device 2 in the first slot of the first frame.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are offset so that the slots for transmitting the beacons and the frames for transmitting the beacons including the load state acquisition signals do not overlap.
  • radio communication radio waves do not collide with each other, and the central control apparatus 1 can reliably acquire load state notification signals from all the load control apparatuses 21 to 35.
  • the time required for acquiring the load state notification signal becomes longer.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are randomly arranged in all slots of one frame so as not to overlap communication slots with a plurality of load control devices 21 to 25 for which the master-slave relationship is set. ing.
  • a load state acquisition signal can be transmitted simultaneously from a plurality of (for example, two) wireless communication apparatuses.
  • the number of slots included in one frame is larger than the number of load control devices that are in a master-slave relationship with one wireless communication device, there are many slots that are not used for wireless communication. Communication slots may overlap between different wireless communication devices and load control devices in a master-slave relationship with them, but the probability is low.
  • the communication slot with the load control device that could not acquire the load state notification signal is randomly arranged again so as not to overlap, The load state acquisition signal may be retransmitted.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example in which the wireless communication apparatuses 2 and 3 transmit beacons including a load state acquisition signal in the same frame and communication slots overlap.
  • the communication slots of the wireless communication device 2 and the load control device 23 overlap the communication slots of the wireless communication device 3 and the load control device 31, and the communication slots of the wireless communication device 2 and the load control device 25 are wireless.
  • the communication device 3 and the communication slot of the load control device 35 overlap.
  • the communication slots of the wireless communication device 2 and the load control devices 23 and 25, and the communication slots of the wireless communication device 3 and the load control devices 31 and 35, respectively Has been shuffled.
  • the load control device transmits an absence signal indicating that the load control device is absent. For example, when there is a problem with the load control device itself, or when there is an abnormality in the communication state between the wireless communication device and the load control device, the load control device 1 side transmits the absence signal so that the load control device 1 It is possible to grasp that an abnormality has occurred in the device.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 can normally receive the load state notification signal from all of the plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set before the specified number of times is reached. You may be comprised so that it may not transfer to operation
  • the load state notification signals of the load control device for which the master-slave relationship is set can be acquired, the load state change is performed between the wireless communication device and the load control device. It is possible to shift to a normal operation for transmitting and receiving the load state change notification signal shown.
  • the load state change notification signal is transmitted randomly when the acquisition of the load state notification signal is not completed between the other wireless communication device and the load control device, the other wireless communication device and the load control device May collide with the communication between them.
  • the control program is complicated to prevent this. As described above, by setting so as not to shift to the normal operation until a predetermined number of frames, it is possible to avoid a communication collision and simplify the control program.
  • FIG. 6 shows a case where, for example, the wireless communication device 2 can acquire load state notification signals from all the load control devices 21 to 25 that are in a master-slave relationship with them.
  • the beacon transmitted from the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 includes a signal that permits or prohibits transmission of the load state change notification signal.
  • the wireless communication device acquires load state notification signals from all load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set or retransmits a beacon including a specified number of load state acquisition signals Transmits a beacon including a load state change notification prohibition signal and thereafter transmits a beacon including a load state change notification permission signal.
  • the wireless communication device 3 when the wireless communication device 2 transmits the second beacon B, the wireless communication device 3 completes the acquisition of the load state notification signals from all the load control devices 31 to 35 for which the master-slave relationship is set. Therefore, the second beacon B includes a load state change notification prohibition signal. Until the load control devices 21 to 25 receive the load state change notification permission signal (the third beacon B in the figure), even if the load state controlled by the load control device changes, the load state change notification signal Do not send. In the meantime, for example, it is assumed that the state of the load connected to the load control device 23 has changed from on to off, for example. At this time, the load control device 23 does not transmit a load state change notification signal.
  • the wireless communication device 2 transmits the third beacon B
  • the wireless communication device 3 has completed the acquisition of the load state notification signals from all the load control devices 31 to 35.
  • the beacon B includes a load state change notification permission signal.
  • the load control device 23 that has received the load state change notification permission signal changes the state of the load controlled by the load control device, so that any one of the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 receives the load state acquisition signal due to carrier sense. It is confirmed whether or not a beacon including the same is transmitted, and a load state change notification signal is transmitted using a slot in which no radio wave is transmitted. Thereby, it is possible to notify the central control device 1 of a change in the load state without interfering with the acquisition of the load state notification signal between the other wireless communication device and the load control device.
  • FIG. 7 shows a case where the load control devices 21 to 35 are turned on later than the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are turned on.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 try to acquire load state notification signals from the load control devices 21 to 35 according to the above procedure. However, since the load control devices 21 to 35 are not powered on and are not activated, no load state notification signal is transmitted from the load control devices 21 to 35. Thereafter, it is assumed that the load control devices 21 to 35 are powered on and activated. If the power supply to the load control devices 21 to 35 is before the beacon including the load state acquisition signal is retransmitted a predetermined number of times, the load state acquisition signal is transmitted to the beacon B transmitted from the wireless communication devices 2 and 3. Is included.
  • the beacon B transmitted from the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 A state change notification permission signal is included.
  • the load control devices 21 to 35 receive a load state acquisition signal or a load state change notification permission signal after the power is turned on, the load control devices 21 to 35 are after a predetermined number of slots assigned to the load control device.
  • a load state notification signal is transmitted after a delay time of a random number of slots.
  • FIG. 6 shows a case where a load state notification signal is transmitted after a delay time of a random number of slots.
  • the load control device side determines the random number of slots, for example, it is assumed that the load control devices 24 and 25 transmit the load state notification signal in the same communication slot. Since the wireless communication device 2 could not receive the load state notification signals from the load control devices 24 and 25, the load control devices 24 and 25 are added to the beacon transmitted in the next frame (the third beacon B in the figure). Including the load status acquisition signal for. The load control devices 24 and 25 retransmit the load state notification signal after a delay time of a random number of slots. Thereby, the centralized control device 1 can quickly grasp the state of the load even when the load control device is activated later.
  • FIG. 8 shows a modification when the load control devices 21 to 35 are turned on after the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are turned on.
  • the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 transmit by carrier sense after a delay time of a random number of slots.
  • the activation notification signal D is transmitted using a slot to which no radio wave is transmitted.
  • the wireless communication device 2 or 3 that has received the activation notification signal D from any one of the load control devices 21 to 35 for which the master-slave relationship is set transmits a beacon B including the activation notification prohibition signal, Load state notification signals are acquired from the control devices 21 to 35.
  • the load control device 22 is activated first and transmits the activation notification signal D.
  • the wireless communication device 2 that has received the activation notification signal D immediately transmits an activation notification prohibition signal (the third beacon B in the figure), and all the load control devices 21 in which the master-slave relationship including the load control device 22 is set. ⁇ 25 are prohibited from transmitting the activation notification signal, and the load state notification signal is transmitted.
  • the load control device 33 is first activated almost simultaneously and transmits an activation notification signal D.
  • the activation notification signal D is transmitted almost simultaneously from the plurality of load control devices, and the load state notification signals transmitted from the load control devices 21 to 35 collide with each other.
  • the centralized control device 1 can be used when the load control device is activated later by retransmitting the load status acquisition signal to the load control device that could not acquire the load status notification signal. Even if it exists, the state of the load can be quickly grasped.
  • the wireless communication devices 2, 3... are provided with a non-volatile memory, and the load states of the load control devices 21, 22,.
  • the wireless communication devices 2, 3... Control each load using the load state stored in the wireless communication devices 2, 3. Multicast to the device.
  • the load control devices 21, 22,... Correspond to the wireless communication devices 2, 3,... Only when the load state at power-on and the load state transmitted from the wireless communication devices 2, 3.
  • the current load status notification signal is transmitted. In general, it is considered that the state of the load has not changed much before and after power-on (the pushbutton switch of the load control device is rarely operated during a power failure). The time required for the central control apparatus to grasp the state of each load can be shortened.
  • one unit is provided for a plurality of load control devices in which a master-slave relationship is set from a wireless communication device when power is turned on.
  • the load control device that has transmitted the load status acquisition signal and received the load status acquisition signal each time transmits the load status notification signal indicating the status of the load controlled by the load control device, and has received the load status notification signal. Since the communication device transmits the received load state notification signal to the centralized control device via a wired connection, the load state notification signal related to the state of each load can be acquired within a short time after the power is turned on.
  • frames defined in a predetermined cycle from one beacon to the next beacon transmitted from the wireless communication device to the load control device are placed in a plurality of time slots longer than the load state acquisition signal and the load state notification signal.
  • load state notification signals are transmitted from a plurality of load control devices in the same slot, signal collision occurs, but the load control device that could not acquire the load state notification signal in all slots of the next frame
  • the communication slots are randomly arranged again so as not to overlap, and the load state acquisition signals from all the load control devices can be acquired in a short time by repeating the retransmission of the load state acquisition signal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

An objective of the present invention is to reduce time for acquiring a load state notification signal relating to each load state when power is switched on, in a system which is suited to load control of such as an illumination device of a non-residential facility, and which carries out transmission and reception of a signal between a load control device and a central control device via wireless communication with radio. After power of wireless communication devices (2, 3) is switched on, load state acquisition signals are transmitted from the wireless communication devices to a plurality of load control devices (21-35) which are slaved, one at a time. Upon receiving the load state acquisition signals, the load control devices (21-35) transmit load state notification signals which denote the states of the loads which the load control devices control. Upon receiving the load state notification signals, the wireless communication devices (2, 3) transmit the received load state notification signals via wired connections to a central control device (1).

Description

負荷制御システムLoad control system
　本発明は、負荷制御システム、特に負荷のオン及びオフを直接制御する負荷制御装置と集中制御装置との間で信号の送受信を電波による無線通信を介して行う、非住宅施設に適する負荷制御システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a load control system, in particular, a load control system suitable for non-residential facilities that performs transmission and reception of signals between a load control device that directly controls on and off of a load and a centralized control device via radio communication using radio waves. About.
　近年、工場、オフィス、商業施設などの非住宅施設において、照明装置などの負荷のオン及びオフを離れた場所から遠隔操作したり、負荷のオン又はオフ状態を離れた場所でモニタしたりする負荷制御システムが実用化されつつある。負荷の近傍に設置され、負荷のオン及びオフを直接制御する負荷制御装置は、集中制御装置との間で信号の送受信を行うために、ＣＰＵなどで構成された制御回路や通信回路などの電子回路が設けられている。非住宅施設を新築する場合には、集中制御装置と個々の負荷制御装置の間を有線接続することが可能である。それに対して、既存の非住宅施設において、機械的な開閉接点を備えた例えばタンブラースイッチなどの負荷制御スイッチを、電子回路を備えた負荷制御装置に置き換える場合、配線処理を簡略化するため、負荷制御装置と集中制御装置との間の信号の送受信に、電波による無線通信が利用される。 In recent years, in non-residential facilities such as factories, offices, commercial facilities, etc., a load that is remotely operated from a place where the load such as a lighting device is turned on and off remotely, or that a load is turned on or off is monitored remotely. Control systems are being put into practical use. A load control device installed in the vicinity of a load and directly controlling on and off of the load is an electronic device such as a control circuit or a communication circuit configured by a CPU or the like in order to transmit and receive signals to and from the central control device. A circuit is provided. In the case of newly constructing a non-residential facility, it is possible to wire-connect between the central control device and individual load control devices. On the other hand, when replacing a load control switch such as a tumbler switch with a mechanical switching contact with a load control device with an electronic circuit in an existing non-residential facility, the load processing is simplified in order to simplify the wiring process. Radio communication using radio waves is used to transmit and receive signals between the control device and the centralized control device.
　このような負荷制御装置と集中制御装置との間で電波による無線通信を行う場合、法規制により無線通信装置のパワーを一定値以上に大きくすることはできず、無線通信可能な距離は数１０ｍ以下に限定される。そのため、非住宅施設が広大な場合、集中制御装置に接続された１つの無線通信装置だけでは非住宅施設の随所に設置された全ての負荷制御装置と電波による無線通信を行うことができず、一定の距離を隔てて複数の無線通信装置が設置される。また、法規制により使用可能な周波数に制限があり、これら複数の無線通信装置と負荷制御装置との間の通信に用いられる無線周波数は同一である。各無線通信装置を同期して駆動させるために、各無線通信装置と集中制御装置とは有線接続され、集中制御装置から各無線通信装置に対して同期信号が送信される。各無線通信装置は、それぞれ１又は複数の負荷制御装置との間であらかじめ主従関係が設定されており、各負荷制御装置は主従関係が設定された特定の無線通信装置との間だけで無線通信を行う。 When performing wireless communication using radio waves between such a load control device and a centralized control device, the power of the wireless communication device cannot be increased to a certain value or more due to laws and regulations, and the wireless communication distance is several tens of meters. It is limited to the following. Therefore, when non-residential facilities are vast, it is not possible to perform radio communication by radio waves with all load control devices installed in various places of non-residential facilities with only one wireless communication device connected to the centralized control device. A plurality of wireless communication devices are installed at a certain distance. Moreover, there is a limit to the frequencies that can be used due to legal restrictions, and the radio frequencies used for communication between the plurality of radio communication devices and the load control device are the same. In order to drive each wireless communication device in synchronization, each wireless communication device and the central control device are connected by wire, and a synchronization signal is transmitted from the central control device to each wireless communication device. Each wireless communication device has a master-slave relationship set in advance with one or more load control devices, and each load control device performs wireless communication only with a specific wireless communication device with a master-slave relationship set. I do.
　集中制御装置は、非住宅施設内に設置されている多数の照明装置などの負荷の状態を集中して管理し、表示するために、各負荷制御装置から、それらに接続されている負荷がオン状態であるのかそれともオフ状態であるのかを示すデータを収集しなければならない。集中制御装置と個々の負荷制御装置とが有線接続されている場合は、集中制御装置は個々の負荷制御装置に対して常時ポーリングを行うことができる。ところが、集中制御装置と個々の負荷制御装置とが無線通信装置を介して電波による無線で接続されている場合は、個々の負荷制御装置に対して常時ポーリングを行うと、その他の信号の通信ができなくなってしまう。従って、通常動作では、集中制御装置は個々の負荷制御装置に接続されている負荷の状態を記憶しておき、負荷の状態が変化したときだけ、負荷制御装置から無線通信装置を介して集中制御装置に負荷状態変化通知信号が送信される。 A centralized control device centrally manages and displays the state of loads such as a large number of lighting devices installed in non-residential facilities, and loads connected to each load control device are turned on. Data must be collected indicating whether it is a state or an off state. When the centralized control device and each load control device are connected by wire, the centralized control device can always poll the individual load control devices. However, when the centralized control device and individual load control devices are connected wirelessly by radio waves via a wireless communication device, if the individual load control device is constantly polled, communication of other signals is performed. It becomes impossible. Therefore, in normal operation, the centralized control device stores the state of the load connected to each load control device, and only when the load state changes, the centralized control from the load control device via the wireless communication device A load state change notification signal is transmitted to the apparatus.
　ところで、非住宅施設においては、電源設備の保守などのために一斉停電が行われる。電源が復旧した場合に、集中制御装置は、すみやかに各負荷の状態に関するデータ（負荷状態通知信号）を取得して負荷状態を表示させたいのであるが、電源復旧と同時に各負荷制御装置が無線通信装置に対して負荷状態通知信号の送信を開始すると、電波が互いに衝突してしまい負荷状態通知信号を受信することができない。また、無線通信ができなかった場合に、複数の負荷制御装置で負荷状態通知信号などの再送信を開始するタイミングが同期している場合は、それらの負荷制御装置に関しては永久に負荷状態通知信号などを取得することができない。 By the way, in non-residential facilities, a simultaneous power outage is performed for maintenance of power supply facilities. When the power supply is restored, the centralized control device wants to immediately obtain the data on the status of each load (load status notification signal) and display the load status. When transmission of the load state notification signal to the communication device is started, radio waves collide with each other and the load state notification signal cannot be received. In addition, when wireless communication is not possible and the timing for starting retransmission of a load state notification signal or the like is synchronized in a plurality of load control devices, the load state notification signal is permanently associated with those load control devices. Etc. can not get.
　なお、戸建て住宅用の無線通信による照明制御システムに関して、各子機から親機への返信信号が衝突しないようにする技術は特許文献１に記載されている。 In addition, regarding a lighting control system using wireless communication for a detached house, a technique for preventing a reply signal from each slave unit from colliding with the master unit is described in Patent Document 1.
特開２００９－２６１００９号公報JP 2009-261209 A
　本発明は、上記従来例の問題を解決するためになされたものであり、非住宅施設の照明装置などの負荷制御に適する負荷制御システムであって、負荷制御装置と集中制御装置との間でデータの送受信を電波による無線通信を介して行うものにおいて、電源投入時に、各負荷の状態に関するデータ（負荷状態通知信号）を確実に取得すると共に取得する時間を短縮することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the conventional example, and is a load control system suitable for load control such as a lighting device for a non-residential facility, between the load control device and the centralized control device. An object of the present invention is to perform data transmission / reception via radio communication using radio waves, and reliably acquire data related to the state of each load (load state notification signal) and shorten the acquisition time when the power is turned on.
　上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る負荷制御システムは、
　複数の負荷の状態を把握し管理する集中制御装置と、
　前記複数の負荷のうち１又は複数の負荷のオン又はオフを直接制御すると共に、電波による無線通信を介して前記負荷の状態に関する負荷状態通知信号を送信する複数の負荷制御装置と、
　前記集中制御装置と有線接続され、前記複数の負荷制御装置のうちあらかじめ主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置との間で電波による無線通信を介して信号の送受信を行う、複数の無線通信装置を備え、
　前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ前記集中制御装置から送信される同期信号に基づいて互いに同期して動作しており、
　前記負荷制御装置は、それぞれ前記無線通信装置からそれぞれ送信される同期信号に基づいて互いに同期して動作しており、
　前記無線通信装置の電源投入後、前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置に対して１台ずつ、負荷状態取得信号を送信し、
　前記負荷状態取得信号を受信した負荷制御装置は、その負荷制御装置が制御する負荷の状態を示す負荷状態通知信号を主従関係が設定された無線通信装置に送信し、
　前記負荷状態通知信号を受信した無線通信装置は、前記有線接続を介して前記集中制御装置に受信した前記負荷状態通知信号を送信することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a load control system according to the present invention includes:
A centralized control device that grasps and manages the status of multiple loads;
A plurality of load control devices for directly controlling on or off of one or more of the plurality of loads, and transmitting a load state notification signal regarding the state of the load via radio communication by radio waves;
A plurality of wireless communications that are wired and connected to the centralized control device, and that transmit / receive signals to / from a plurality of load control devices in which a master-slave relationship is set in advance among the plurality of load control devices Equipped with equipment,
The wireless communication devices operate in synchronization with each other based on a synchronization signal transmitted from the central control device,
The load control devices operate in synchronization with each other based on synchronization signals transmitted from the wireless communication devices, respectively.
After powering on the wireless communication device, the wireless communication device transmits a load state acquisition signal to each of the plurality of load control devices to which the master-slave relationship is set,
The load control device that has received the load status acquisition signal transmits a load status notification signal indicating a load status controlled by the load control device to the wireless communication device in which the master-slave relationship is set,
The wireless communication device that has received the load state notification signal transmits the received load state notification signal to the centralized control device via the wired connection.
　前記無線通信装置は、前記負荷制御装置に対して所定の周期でビーコンを送信しており、あるビーコンから、次のビーコンまでの前記所定の周期で定義されるフレームが、前記負荷状態取得信号及び前記負荷状態通知信号よりも長い複数のタイムスロットに分割されており、
　前記無線通信装置は、
　　前記フレームの全スロットに、前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置との通信スロットを重複しないようにランダムに配置し、
　　前記負荷状態取得信号を送信した後、前記所定の周期内に前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置の全てから前記負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかったときは、次のフレームの全スロットに、前記負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかった負荷制御装置との通信スロットを重複しないように再度ランダムに配置して、前記負荷状態取得信号を再送信することが好ましい。 The wireless communication device transmits a beacon to the load control device at a predetermined cycle, and a frame defined by the predetermined cycle from a certain beacon to the next beacon is the load state acquisition signal and Divided into a plurality of time slots longer than the load state notification signal,
The wireless communication device
Randomly arrange communication slots with a plurality of load control devices in which the master-slave relationship is set in all slots of the frame,
After transmitting the load status acquisition signal, when the load status notification signal cannot be acquired from all of the plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set within the predetermined period, all slots of the next frame In addition, it is preferable to re-send the load status acquisition signal by randomly arranging the communication slots with the load control device that could not acquire the load status notification signal again so as not to overlap.
　前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ、あらかじめ設定された順番に基づいて、前記ビーコンを送信するスロットが重複しないようにオフセットされていることが好ましい。 It is preferable that the wireless communication devices are offset so that slots for transmitting the beacons do not overlap based on a preset order.
　前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ、あらかじめ設定された順番に基づいて、前記負荷状態取得信号を送信するフレームが重複しないようにオフセットされていることが好ましい。 It is preferable that the wireless communication devices are each offset based on a preset order so that frames for transmitting the load status acquisition signals do not overlap.
　または、前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ、前記負荷状態取得信号を送信するフレームが重複していることが好ましい。 Alternatively, it is preferable that the wireless communication devices have overlapping frames for transmitting the load state acquisition signal.
　前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ、前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置のうちいずれかの負荷制御装置に対して規定回数の前記負荷状態取得信号を再送信しても前記負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかったときは、前記集中制御装置に対してその負荷制御装置は不在であることを示す不在信号を送信することが好ましい。 Each of the wireless communication devices can transmit the load state notification signal even if the load state acquisition signal is retransmitted a predetermined number of times to any one of the plurality of load control devices in which the master-slave relationship is set. It is preferable to transmit an absence signal indicating that the load control device is absent to the centralized control device.
　前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ、前記規定回数に達する前に、前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置の全てから前記負荷状態通知信号を取得できたときでも、前記規定回数のフレームまでは、通常動作に移行しないことが好ましい。 Each of the wireless communication devices can obtain the load state notification signal from all of the plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set before reaching the specified number of times, up to the specified number of frames. It is preferable not to shift to normal operation.
　前記無線通信装置が送信する前記ビーコンは、負荷状態変化通知許可信号又は負荷状態変化通知禁止信号を含み、
　前記無線通信装置は、電源が投入されてから、前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置の全てから前記負荷状態通知信号を取得するか又は規定回数の前記負荷状態取得信号を再送信するまでは、前記ビーコンに前記負荷状態変化通知禁止信号を含めて送信し、その後は前記負荷状態変化通知許可信号を含めて送信し、
　前記負荷制御装置は、前記負荷状態変化通知許可信号を受信するまでは、その負荷制御装置が制御する負荷の状態が変化しても前記負荷状態変化通知信号を送信しないことが好ましい。 The beacon transmitted by the wireless communication device includes a load state change notification permission signal or a load state change notification prohibition signal,
The wireless communication device acquires the load state notification signal from all of the plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set or retransmits the load state acquisition signal a specified number of times after the power is turned on. Until the beacon is transmitted including the load state change notification prohibition signal, and then the beacon is transmitted including the load state change notification permission signal,
It is preferable that the load control device does not transmit the load state change notification signal even if the state of the load controlled by the load control device changes until the load state change notification permission signal is received.
　前記負荷状態変化通知許可信号を受信した前記負荷制御装置は、その負荷制御装置が制御する負荷の状態が変化したときに、キャリアセンスにより前記無線通信装置が送信しているか否かを確認し、電波が送信されていないスロットを利用して前記負荷状態変化通知信号を送信することが好ましい。 The load control device that has received the load state change notification permission signal confirms whether or not the wireless communication device is transmitting by carrier sense when the state of the load controlled by the load control device has changed, It is preferable to transmit the load state change notification signal using a slot to which no radio wave is transmitted.
　前記負荷制御装置は、その電源が投入された後に、前記負荷状態変化通知許可信号を受信したときは、ランダムなスロット数の遅延時間後に、キャリアセンスにより前記無線通信装置が送信しているか否かを確認し、電波が送信されていないスロットを利用して起動通知信号を送信し、
　前記無線通信装置は、前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置のいずれかから前記起動通知信号を受信したときは、前記いずれかの手法により前記負荷状態通知信号を取得することが好ましい。 When the load control device receives the load state change notification permission signal after the power is turned on, whether or not the wireless communication device is transmitting by carrier sense after a delay time of a random number of slots And send a startup notification signal using a slot that is not transmitting radio waves,
When the wireless communication device receives the activation notification signal from any of a plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set, it is preferable that the wireless communication device acquires the load state notification signal by any one of the methods.
　本発明によれば、例えば非住宅施設の電源が投入されたときに、各負荷制御装置からその負荷制御装置が制御する負荷の状態を示す負荷状態通知信号を送信するのではなく、無線通信装置から負荷状態取得信号を受信した負荷制御装置のみが負荷状態通知信号を送信するので、無線送信された負荷状態通知信号同士が衝突する可能性が低減され、集中制御装置は短時間のうちに各負荷についての負荷状態通知信号を取得することができる。 According to the present invention, for example, when a non-residential facility is powered on, a wireless communication device does not transmit a load state notification signal indicating a load state controlled by the load control device from each load control device. Since only the load control device that received the load status acquisition signal transmits the load status notification signal, the possibility that the load status notification signals transmitted wirelessly collide with each other is reduced, and the centralized control device A load state notification signal for the load can be acquired.
本発明の一実施形態に係る負荷制御システムの構成を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the structure of the load control system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 上記負荷制御システムに用いられる２線式負荷制御装置の構成を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the structure of the 2-wire type load control apparatus used for the said load control system. 上記負荷制御システムにおける無線通信装置と負荷制御装置の間での無線通信の基本動作を示す概念図。The conceptual diagram which shows the basic operation | movement of the radio | wireless communication between the radio | wireless communication apparatus and load control apparatus in the said load control system. 上記負荷制御システムにおける無線通信装置と負荷制御装置の間での無線通信の変形例の動作を示す概念図。The conceptual diagram which shows the operation | movement of the modification of the radio | wireless communication between the radio | wireless communication apparatus and load control apparatus in the said load control system. 上記負荷制御システムにおける無線通信装置と負荷制御装置の間での無線通信において複数の負荷制御装置からの信号が衝突した場合の動作を示す概念図。The conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement when the signal from a some load control apparatus collides in the radio | wireless communication between the radio | wireless communication apparatus and load control apparatus in the said load control system. 上記負荷制御システムにおける無線通信装置と負荷制御装置の間での無線通信の他の変形例の動作を示す概念図。The conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement of the other modification of the radio | wireless communication between the radio | wireless communication apparatus and load control apparatus in the said load control system. 上記負荷制御システムにおける無線通信装置と負荷制御装置の間での無線通信において、負荷制御装置の電源投入が無線通信装置の電源投入よりも遅れた場合の動作を示す概念図。The conceptual diagram which shows operation | movement when the power activation of a load control apparatus delays rather than the power activation of a radio | wireless communication apparatus in the radio | wireless communication between the radio | wireless communication apparatus and load control apparatus in the said load control system. 上記負荷制御システムにおける無線通信装置と負荷制御装置の間での無線通信において、負荷制御装置の電源投入が無線通信装置の電源投入よりも遅れた場合の変形例の動作を示す概念図。The conceptual diagram which shows the operation | movement of the modification when the power activation of a load control apparatus delays rather than the power activation of a radio | wireless communication apparatus in the radio | wireless communication between the radio | wireless communication apparatus and load control apparatus in the said load control system.
　本発明の一実施形態に係る負荷制御システムについて説明する。図１は、本実施形態に係る負荷制御システムの全体構成を示す。この負荷制御システムは、工場、オフィス、商業施設などの非住宅施設に設置され、照明装置などの負荷のオン及びオフを離れた場所から遠隔操作したり、負荷のオン又はオフ状態を離れた場所でモニタしたりするシステムである。負荷制御システムは、例えば分電盤などに設置され、複数の負荷の状態を把握し管理する集中制御装置１と、集中制御装置１と有線接続された複数の無線通信装置２，３・・・と、複数の負荷制御装置２１，２２・・・で構成されている。各無線通信装置２，３・・・は、あらかじめ主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置２１，２２・・・との間で電波による無線通信を介して信号の送受信を行うように設定されている。 A load control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of a load control system according to the present embodiment. This load control system is installed in non-residential facilities such as factories, offices, commercial facilities, etc., and is remotely controlled from a place where loads such as lighting devices are turned on and off, or a place where loads are turned on or off. It is a system to monitor with. The load control system is installed on, for example, a distribution board, and the central control device 1 that grasps and manages the state of a plurality of loads, and the plurality of wireless communication devices 2, 3 that are wired to the central control device 1. And a plurality of load control devices 21, 22,. Each of the wireless communication devices 2, 3,... Is set so as to transmit / receive signals to / from a plurality of load control devices 21, 22,. ing.
　集中制御装置１は、各無線通信装置２，３・・・との間で、有線ケーブルを介して所定の信号の送受信を行う伝送ユニット１１と、所定の又は任意の制御命令を入力したり、所定の情報を表示したりする入出力装置１２と、負荷制御装置２１，２２・・・に接続されている負荷１２１，１２２・・・の状態（オン状態かオフ状態か）を一括表示する表示盤１３などで構成されている。１つの負荷制御装置２１，２２・・・に１つの負荷１２１，１２２・・・を接続するだけでなく、例えば、負荷制御装置３３のように複数の負荷１３３ａ，１３３ｂが接続されていてもよい。複数の負荷が接続されている負荷制御装置３３は、それら複数の負荷１３３ａ，１３３ｂのオン及びオフを一括制御してもよいし、複数の負荷１３３ａ，１３３ｂのオン及びオフを個別に制御してもよい。なお、後者の場合は、負荷制御装置３３は開閉部を複数有しているものとする。特に図示していないが、無線通信装置２，３・・・は、負荷制御装置との間で電波により無線通信を行う無線通信回路と、ＣＰＵやメモリなどで構成された制御部と、伝送ユニット１１との間で有線通信を行う有線通信回路などで構成されている。なお、集中制御装置１から、無線通信装置２，３・・・を介して負荷制御装置２１，２２・・・に対して負荷１２１，１２２・・・をオン又はオフさせる制御信号を送信できることは言うまでもない。 The centralized control device 1 inputs a predetermined or arbitrary control command with a transmission unit 11 that transmits / receives a predetermined signal to / from each wireless communication device 2, 3. The input / output device 12 that displays predetermined information and the display of the loads 121, 122,... Connected to the load control devices 21, 22,. It consists of a panel 13 and the like. In addition to connecting one load 121, 122,... To one load control device 21, 22,..., For example, a plurality of loads 133a, 133b may be connected as in the load control device 33. . The load control device 33 to which a plurality of loads are connected may collectively control the on and off of the plurality of loads 133a and 133b, or may individually control the on and off of the plurality of loads 133a and 133b. Also good. In the latter case, it is assumed that the load control device 33 has a plurality of opening / closing sections. Although not shown in particular, the wireless communication devices 2, 3... Include a wireless communication circuit that performs wireless communication with the load control device by radio waves, a control unit configured by a CPU, a memory, and the like, and a transmission unit. 11 is configured by a wired communication circuit that performs wired communication with 11. It is possible to transmit a control signal for turning on or off the loads 121, 122... From the central control device 1 to the load control devices 21, 22,. Needless to say.
　負荷制御装置２１～２５は、図中左側の無線通信装置２との間で、あらかじめ主従関係が設定されており、負荷制御装置３１～３５は、図中右側の無線通信装置３との間で、あらかじめ主従関係が設定されているものとする。仮に、負荷制御装置２２は、右側の無線通信装置３との間で電波による無線通信が可能な距離にあるとしても、左側の無線通信装置２との間で主従関係が設定されているため、右側の無線通信装置３とは無線通信を行わない。他の負荷制御装置に関しても同様である。以下の説明において、無線通信装置２，３・・・は、集中制御装置１から送信される同期信号に基づいて互いに同期して動作しており、負荷制御装置２１，２２・・・は、無線通信装置２，３・・・から送信される同期信号に基づいて互いに同期して動作しているものとする。 The load control devices 21 to 25 have a master-slave relationship set in advance with the wireless communication device 2 on the left side in the drawing, and the load control devices 31 to 35 are connected with the wireless communication device 3 on the right side in the drawing. Assume that a master-slave relationship is set in advance. Even if the load control device 22 is at a distance where radio communication with the right wireless communication device 3 is possible by radio waves, the master-slave relationship is set with the left wireless communication device 2. No wireless communication is performed with the wireless communication device 3 on the right side. The same applies to other load control devices. In the following description, the wireless communication devices 2, 3... Operate in synchronization with each other based on a synchronization signal transmitted from the central control device 1, and the load control devices 21, 22. It is assumed that they are operating in synchronization with each other based on a synchronization signal transmitted from the communication devices 2, 3.
　図２は、上記、負荷制御装置２１，２２・・・として用いられる部品としての負荷制御装置２００のブロック構成を示す。この負荷制御装置２００はいわゆる２線式配線用のものであり、例えばリレー式スイッチ素子などで構成された開閉部２０３と電流変成器２０４の一次巻線の直列回路が、商用電源２０１と負荷２０２に対して直列に接続される。開閉部２０３の両端子には、負荷２０２がオフ状態のときに、制御部２０５や無線通信部２０７の駆動電力を確保するためのオフ電源部２１０が接続されている。また、電流変成器２０４の二次巻線には、負荷２０２がオン状態のときに制御部２０５や無線通信部２０７の駆動電力を確保するためのオン電源部２２０が接続されている。２線式の負荷制御装置２００では、負荷２０２がオフの状態であっても、商用電源２０１から負荷２０２を介してオフ電源部２１０に負荷２０２がオンしない程度の微弱電流が流れている。オフ電源部２１０は、負荷２０２がオフ状態のときに流れる交流電流を整流回路２１１で整流し、定電圧回路２１２によりＣＰＵなどを駆動させるための１．５～６Ｖの直流定電圧に変換して出力する。オン電源部２２０は、電流変成器２０４の二次巻線に流れる交流電流をダイオードブリッジなどで構成された整流回路２２１で整流し、昇圧／降圧回路で昇圧又は降圧した後、定電圧回路２２３により１．５～６Vの直流定電圧に変換して出力する。なお、電流変成器２０４の二次巻線に発生する電圧は、電流変成器２０４の一次巻線のインピーダンスと負荷電流によって決定されるため、負荷制御装置２００に接続される負荷２０２のインピーダンスによっては、電流変成器２０４の二次巻線に発生される電圧を昇圧する場合もあり得る。 FIG. 2 shows a block configuration of the load control device 200 as a component used as the load control devices 21, 22,. The load control device 200 is for so-called two-wire wiring. For example, a series circuit of a primary winding of an open / close unit 203 and a current transformer 204 configured by a relay switch element or the like includes a commercial power source 201 and a load 202. Are connected in series. Both terminals of the opening / closing unit 203 are connected to an off power source unit 210 for securing driving power of the control unit 205 and the wireless communication unit 207 when the load 202 is in an off state. In addition, an on power supply unit 220 for securing drive power of the control unit 205 and the wireless communication unit 207 when the load 202 is in an on state is connected to the secondary winding of the current transformer 204. In the two-wire load control apparatus 200, even when the load 202 is in an off state, a weak current that does not turn on the load 202 flows from the commercial power supply 201 to the off power supply unit 210 via the load 202. The off power supply unit 210 rectifies an alternating current that flows when the load 202 is in an off state by a rectifier circuit 211 and converts the alternating current to a DC constant voltage of 1.5 to 6 V for driving a CPU or the like by a constant voltage circuit 212. Output. The on-power supply unit 220 rectifies the alternating current flowing through the secondary winding of the current transformer 204 by the rectifier circuit 221 configured by a diode bridge or the like, and after stepping up or stepping down by the step-up / step-down circuit, the constant voltage circuit 223 Convert to DC constant voltage of 1.5-6V and output. Since the voltage generated in the secondary winding of the current transformer 204 is determined by the impedance of the primary winding of the current transformer 204 and the load current, depending on the impedance of the load 202 connected to the load control device 200, The voltage generated in the secondary winding of the current transformer 204 may be boosted.
　制御部２０５は、例えばＣＰＵ、ＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭなどで構成された制御回路であり、ユーザによって操作され、例えば押釦スイッチなどの操作部２０６からの操作情報に基づいて開閉部２０３の開閉を制御し、それによって負荷２０２のオン及びオフを制御する。制御部２０５は、どの無線通信装置との間で無線通信を行うのか、また、その無線通信装置にとって自分は何番目の負荷制御装置であるのかなどの情報を記憶している。無線通信部２０７は、指定された無線通信装置との間で、電波による無線双方向通信を行う。 The control unit 205 is a control circuit configured by, for example, a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like. The control unit 205 is operated by a user and controls opening / closing of the opening / closing unit 203 based on operation information from the operation unit 206 such as a push button switch. Thereby, on and off of the load 202 is controlled. The control unit 205 stores information such as which wireless communication device performs wireless communication, and what number load control device is the wireless communication device. The wireless communication unit 207 performs wireless two-way communication using radio waves with a designated wireless communication device.
　次に、本実施形態における無線通信装置と負荷制御装置との間の無線通信に関して説明する。以下の説明は、非住宅施設の電源が投入されたときに集中制御装置が各負荷の状態に関するデータ（負荷状態通知信号）を取得するための通信であり、その後に負荷の状態が変化したことに関するデータ（負荷状態変化通知信号）を送受信する通常動作とは異なる。説明を簡単にするため、無線通信装置２，３のみが集中制御装置１と有線接続されており、無線通信装置２には負荷制御装置２１～２５のみが接続され、無線通信装置３には負荷制御装置３１～３５のみが接続されているものとする。無線通信装置２，３には、集中制御装置１からの信号に重畳させて電力が供給される。一方、各負荷制御装置２１～３５は集中制御装置１から離れた場所に設置されているため、集中制御装置１とは異なる電源から電力が供給される場合もあり得るが、ここでは同じ電源から電力が供給されるものとして説明する。 Next, wireless communication between the wireless communication device and the load control device in this embodiment will be described. The following explanation is the communication for the central control device to acquire data (load state notification signal) regarding the state of each load when the power of the non-residential facility is turned on, and the state of the load has changed thereafter. This is different from the normal operation of transmitting and receiving data (load state change notification signal). For simplicity of explanation, only the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are connected to the centralized control device 1 by wire, only the load control devices 21 to 25 are connected to the wireless communication device 2, and the load is connected to the wireless communication device 3. It is assumed that only the control devices 31 to 35 are connected. The wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are supplied with power superimposed on the signal from the central control device 1. On the other hand, since the load control devices 21 to 35 are installed at locations away from the central control device 1, power may be supplied from a power source different from that of the central control device 1, but here the same power source is used. A description will be given assuming that power is supplied.
　図３は、集中制御装置１が各負荷１２１，１２２・・・の負荷状態通知信号を取得するために、無線通信装置２，３・・・と負荷制御装置２１，２２・・・の間で行われる無線通信の基本動作を示す。無線通信装置２，３は、負荷制御装置に対して所定の周期でビーコンＢを送信しており、あるビーコンＢから、次のビーコンＢまでの所定の周期で定義されるフレームが、後述する負荷状態取得信号及び上記負荷状態通知信号よりも長い複数のタイムスロットに分割されている。なお、作図上１フレームを１１スロットに分割しているが、１フレームの長さ及びスロット数は特に限定されない。 FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the wireless communication devices 2, 3... And the load control devices 21, 22,. The basic operation of wireless communication to be performed will be described. The wireless communication devices 2 and 3 transmit a beacon B with a predetermined cycle to the load control device, and a frame defined with a predetermined cycle from one beacon B to the next beacon B has a load described later. It is divided into a plurality of time slots longer than the state acquisition signal and the load state notification signal. Although one frame is divided into 11 slots for drawing, the length of one frame and the number of slots are not particularly limited.
　上記のように、無線通信装置２，３及び負荷制御装置２１～３５は同期して動作しており、各無線通信装置２，３は、あらかじめ設定された順番に基づいて、ビーコンを送信するスロットが重複しないようにオフセットされている。例えば、無線通信装置２が１フレームの最初のスロットでビーコンを送信すると、無線通信装置３は１フレームの２番目のスロットでビーコンを送信する。また、無線通信装置２，３は、あらかじめ設定された順番に基づいて、負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを送信するフレームが重複しないようにオフセットされている。例えば、無線通信装置２が電源投入後の１フレームで負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを送信すると、無線通信装置３は次のフレームで負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを送信する。 As described above, the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 and the load control devices 21 to 35 operate in synchronization, and each of the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 has a slot for transmitting a beacon based on a preset order. Are offset so that they do not overlap. For example, when the wireless communication device 2 transmits a beacon in the first slot of one frame, the wireless communication device 3 transmits a beacon in the second slot of one frame. In addition, the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are offset so that frames transmitting beacons including a load state acquisition signal do not overlap based on a preset order. For example, when the wireless communication device 2 transmits a beacon including a load state acquisition signal in one frame after power-on, the wireless communication device 3 transmits a beacon including a load state acquisition signal in the next frame.
　無線通信装置２，３は、その電源投入後、あらかじめ主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置２１～３５に対して１台ずつ、負荷状態取得信号を送信する。図３では、最初のフレームの最初のスロットにおいて、無線通信装置２から負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンが送信される。この基本動作では、無線通信装置２，３がビーコンを送信するスロット及び負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを送信するフレームが重複しないようにオフセットされているので、無線通信装置２がそれに対して主従関係が設定されている負荷制御装置２１～２５との間で電波による無線通信を行っている間、他の無線通信装置３に対して主従関係が設定されている負荷制御装置３１～３５は、無線通信を行わない。そのため無線通信の電波同士が衝突することはなく、集中制御装置１は、確実に全ての負荷制御装置２１～３５から負荷状態通知信号を取得することができる。但し、無線通信装置及び負荷制御装置の設置台数が多くなればなるほど、負荷状態通知信号の取得に要する時間が長くなる。 After the power is turned on, the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 transmit a load status acquisition signal to each of the plurality of load control devices 21 to 35 for which the master-slave relationship is set in advance. In FIG. 3, a beacon including a load state acquisition signal is transmitted from the wireless communication device 2 in the first slot of the first frame. In this basic operation, the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are offset so that the slots for transmitting the beacons and the frames for transmitting the beacons including the load state acquisition signals do not overlap. The load control devices 31 to 35 for which the master-slave relationship is set with respect to the other wireless communication devices 3 while the wireless communication is performed with the radio waves with the load control devices 21 to 25 for which the Do not communicate. For this reason, radio communication radio waves do not collide with each other, and the central control apparatus 1 can reliably acquire load state notification signals from all the load control apparatuses 21 to 35. However, as the number of installed wireless communication devices and load control devices increases, the time required for acquiring the load state notification signal becomes longer.
　図４に示す変形例では、無線通信装置２，３は、１フレームの全スロットに、主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置２１～２５との通信スロットを重複しないようにランダムに配置している。この場合、複数（例えば２台）の無線通信装置から、同時に負荷状態取得信号の送信を可能にする。実際のところ、１フレームに含まれるスロット数は、１台の無線通信装置と主従関係にある負荷制御装置の数よりも多いので、無線通信に使用されていないスロットも多数存在する。異なる複数の無線通信装置とそれらと主従関係にある負荷制御装置同士では通信スロットが重複することはあり得るが、その確率は低い。また、仮に、通信スロットが重複し、負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかったとしても、負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかった負荷制御装置との通信スロットを重複しないように再度ランダムに配置して、負荷状態取得信号を再送信すればよい。 In the modification shown in FIG. 4, the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are randomly arranged in all slots of one frame so as not to overlap communication slots with a plurality of load control devices 21 to 25 for which the master-slave relationship is set. ing. In this case, a load state acquisition signal can be transmitted simultaneously from a plurality of (for example, two) wireless communication apparatuses. Actually, since the number of slots included in one frame is larger than the number of load control devices that are in a master-slave relationship with one wireless communication device, there are many slots that are not used for wireless communication. Communication slots may overlap between different wireless communication devices and load control devices in a master-slave relationship with them, but the probability is low. In addition, even if the communication slot overlaps and the load state notification signal cannot be acquired, the communication slot with the load control device that could not acquire the load state notification signal is randomly arranged again so as not to overlap, The load state acquisition signal may be retransmitted.
　図５は、無線通信装置２と３が同じフレームで負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを送信し、通信スロットが重複した場合の一例を示す。図５では、無線通信装置２と負荷制御装置２３の通信スロットと無線通信装置３と負荷制御装置３１の通信スロットとが重複し、また、無線通信装置２と負荷制御装置２５の通信スロットと無線通信装置３と負荷制御装置３５の通信スロットとが重複している。負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを再送信する次のフレームでは、無線通信装置２と負荷制御装置２３と２５の通信スロットが、また無線通信装置３と負荷制御装置３１と３５の通信スロットが、それぞれシャッフルされている。このように、負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを再送信するたびに無線通信装置と負荷制御装置の通信スロットをシャッフルすることにより、通信スロット同士が重複する可能性が徐々に少なくなる。また、負荷状態通知信号を取得した負荷制御装置に対しては負荷状態取得信号を再送信しないので、負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンの再送信のたびに空きスロット数が増え、通信スロットが重複する可能性がさらに少なくなる。 FIG. 5 shows an example in which the wireless communication apparatuses 2 and 3 transmit beacons including a load state acquisition signal in the same frame and communication slots overlap. In FIG. 5, the communication slots of the wireless communication device 2 and the load control device 23 overlap the communication slots of the wireless communication device 3 and the load control device 31, and the communication slots of the wireless communication device 2 and the load control device 25 are wireless. The communication device 3 and the communication slot of the load control device 35 overlap. In the next frame for retransmitting the beacon including the load status acquisition signal, the communication slots of the wireless communication device 2 and the load control devices 23 and 25, and the communication slots of the wireless communication device 3 and the load control devices 31 and 35, respectively, Has been shuffled. In this way, by shuffling the communication slots of the wireless communication device and the load control device each time a beacon including a load state acquisition signal is retransmitted, the possibility of overlapping communication slots is gradually reduced. In addition, since the load state acquisition signal is not retransmitted to the load control device that has acquired the load state notification signal, the number of empty slots increases each time a beacon including the load state acquisition signal is retransmitted, and communication slots overlap. The possibility is even less.
　また、無線通信装置２，３は、いずれかの負荷制御装置に対して規定回数の負荷状態取得信号を再送信しても負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかったときは、集中制御装置１に対してその負荷制御装置は不在であることを示す不在信号を送信する。例えば、負荷制御装置自体に問題がある場合や、無線通信装置と負荷制御装置との間の通信状態に異常がある場合、不在信号を送信することによって、集中制御装置１側で、当該負荷制御装置に異常が発生していることを把握することができる。 Further, when the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 fail to acquire the load state notification signal even if the load state acquisition signal is retransmitted a predetermined number of times to any of the load control devices, The load control device transmits an absence signal indicating that the load control device is absent. For example, when there is a problem with the load control device itself, or when there is an abnormality in the communication state between the wireless communication device and the load control device, the load control device 1 side transmits the absence signal so that the load control device 1 It is possible to grasp that an abnormality has occurred in the device.
　また、無線通信装置２，３は、規定回数に達する前に、主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置の全てから負荷状態通知信号を取得できたときでも、規定回数のフレームまでは、通常動作に移行しないように構成されていてもよい。それによって、全ての無線通信装置と負荷制御装置が同時に通常動作に移行するので、制御プログラムを簡素化することができる。また、いずれかの無線通信装置において、主従関係が設定された負荷制御装置の全ての負荷状態通知信号が取得できた場合、その無線通信装置と負荷制御装置との間では、負荷状態の変化を示す負荷状態変化通知信号を送受信する通常動作に移行可能である。ところが、他の無線通信装置と負荷制御装置との間で負荷状態通知信号の取得が完了していないときに負荷状態変化通知信号がランダムに送信されれば、他の無線通信装置と負荷制御装置との間の通信と衝突する可能性がある。また、それを防止するために、制御プログラムが複雑になる。このように、規定回数のフレームまでは通常動作に移行しないように設定することにより、通信の衝突を回避すると共に、制御プログラムを簡素化することができる。 In addition, the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 can normally receive the load state notification signal from all of the plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set before the specified number of times is reached. You may be comprised so that it may not transfer to operation | movement. Thereby, all the radio communication devices and the load control device simultaneously shift to the normal operation, so that the control program can be simplified. In addition, in any of the wireless communication devices, when all the load state notification signals of the load control device for which the master-slave relationship is set can be acquired, the load state change is performed between the wireless communication device and the load control device. It is possible to shift to a normal operation for transmitting and receiving the load state change notification signal shown. However, if the load state change notification signal is transmitted randomly when the acquisition of the load state notification signal is not completed between the other wireless communication device and the load control device, the other wireless communication device and the load control device May collide with the communication between them. In addition, the control program is complicated to prevent this. As described above, by setting so as not to shift to the normal operation until a predetermined number of frames, it is possible to avoid a communication collision and simplify the control program.
　図６は、例えば無線通信装置２について、それらと主従関係にある全ての負荷制御装置２１～２５から負荷状態通知信号が取得できた場合を示す。無線通信装置２，３から送信されるビーコンに、負荷状態変化通知信号の送信を許可又は禁止する信号を含めて送信される。例えば、無線通信装置は、電源が投入されてから、主従関係が設定された全ての負荷制御装置から負荷状態通知信号を取得するか又は規定回数の負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを再送信するまでは、ビーコンに負荷状態変化通知禁止信号を含めて送信し、その後は負荷状態変化通知許可信号を含めて送信する。図６では、無線通信装置２が２つ目のビーコンＢを送信するときには、無線通信装置３は主従関係が設定された全ての負荷制御装置３１～３５からの負荷状態通知信号の取得を完了していないので、２つ目のビーコンＢには負荷状態変化通知禁止信号が含められる。負荷制御装置２１～２５は、負荷状態変化通知許可信号（図中３つ目のビーコンＢ）を受信するまでは、その負荷制御装置が制御する負荷の状態が変化しても負荷状態変化通知信号を送信しない。その間に、例えば負荷制御装置２３に接続されている負荷の状態が、例えばオンからオフに変化したとする。この時点では、負荷制御装置２３は負荷状態変化通知信号を送信しない。一方、無線通信装置２が３つ目のビーコンＢを送信するときには、無線通信装置３が全ての負荷制御装置３１～３５からの負荷状態通知信号の取得を完了しているので、３つ目のビーコンＢには負荷状態変化通知許可信号が含められる。負荷状態変化通知許可信号を受信した負荷制御装置２３は、その負荷制御装置が制御する負荷の状態が変化しているので、キャリアセンスによりいずれかの無線通信装置２，３が負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを送信しているか否かを確認し、電波が送信されていないスロットを利用して負荷状態変化通知信号を送信する。それによって、他の無線通信装置と負荷制御装置との間での負荷状態通知信号の取得を妨害することなく、集中制御装置１に対して負荷状態の変化を通知することができる。 FIG. 6 shows a case where, for example, the wireless communication device 2 can acquire load state notification signals from all the load control devices 21 to 25 that are in a master-slave relationship with them. The beacon transmitted from the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 includes a signal that permits or prohibits transmission of the load state change notification signal. For example, after the power is turned on, the wireless communication device acquires load state notification signals from all load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set or retransmits a beacon including a specified number of load state acquisition signals Transmits a beacon including a load state change notification prohibition signal and thereafter transmits a beacon including a load state change notification permission signal. In FIG. 6, when the wireless communication device 2 transmits the second beacon B, the wireless communication device 3 completes the acquisition of the load state notification signals from all the load control devices 31 to 35 for which the master-slave relationship is set. Therefore, the second beacon B includes a load state change notification prohibition signal. Until the load control devices 21 to 25 receive the load state change notification permission signal (the third beacon B in the figure), even if the load state controlled by the load control device changes, the load state change notification signal Do not send. In the meantime, for example, it is assumed that the state of the load connected to the load control device 23 has changed from on to off, for example. At this time, the load control device 23 does not transmit a load state change notification signal. On the other hand, when the wireless communication device 2 transmits the third beacon B, the wireless communication device 3 has completed the acquisition of the load state notification signals from all the load control devices 31 to 35. The beacon B includes a load state change notification permission signal. The load control device 23 that has received the load state change notification permission signal changes the state of the load controlled by the load control device, so that any one of the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 receives the load state acquisition signal due to carrier sense. It is confirmed whether or not a beacon including the same is transmitted, and a load state change notification signal is transmitted using a slot in which no radio wave is transmitted. Thereby, it is possible to notify the central control device 1 of a change in the load state without interfering with the acquisition of the load state notification signal between the other wireless communication device and the load control device.
　図７は、無線通信装置２，３の電源投入よりも後から負荷制御装置２１～３５の電源投入がなされた場合を示す。無線通信装置２，３に電源が投入されると、無線通信装置２，３は、上記の手順に従って負荷制御装置２１～３５からの負荷状態通知信号を取得しようとする。ところが負荷制御装置２１～３５には電源が投入されておらず、起動していないので、負荷制御装置２１～３５からは負荷状態通知信号が送信されない。その後、負荷制御装置２１～３５に電源が投入され、起動されたとする。負荷制御装置２１～３５への電源投入が、負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを規定回数だけ再送信し終わる前であれば、無線通信装置２，３から送信されるビーコンＢには負荷状態取得信号が含まれる。また、負荷制御装置２１～３５への電源投入が、負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを規定回数だけ再送信し終わった後であれば、無線通信装置２，３から送信されるビーコンＢには負荷状態変化通知許可信号が含まれる。負荷制御装置２１～３５は、その電源が投入された後に、負荷状態取得信号又は負荷状態変化通知許可信号を受信したときは、その負荷制御装置に割り当てられている所定のスロット数の遅延時間後に又はランダムなスロット数の遅延時間後に、負荷状態通知信号を送信する。図６は、ランダムなスロット数の遅延時間後に、負荷状態通知信号を送信する場合を示している。ランダムなスロット数は負荷制御装置側が決定するので、例えば負荷制御装置２４と２５が同じ通信スロットで負荷状態通知信号を送信してしまったとする。無線通信装置２は、負荷制御装置２４と２５からの負荷状態通知信号を受信できなかったので、次のフレームで送信するビーコン（図中３つ目のビーコンＢ）に、負荷制御装置２４と２５に対する負荷状態取得信号を含めて送信する。負荷制御装置２４及び２５は、ランダムなスロット数の遅延時間後に、負荷状態通知信号を再送信する。それによって、集中制御装置１は、後から負荷制御装置が起動された場合であっても、速やかに負荷の状態を把握することができる。 FIG. 7 shows a case where the load control devices 21 to 35 are turned on later than the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are turned on. When the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are powered on, the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 try to acquire load state notification signals from the load control devices 21 to 35 according to the above procedure. However, since the load control devices 21 to 35 are not powered on and are not activated, no load state notification signal is transmitted from the load control devices 21 to 35. Thereafter, it is assumed that the load control devices 21 to 35 are powered on and activated. If the power supply to the load control devices 21 to 35 is before the beacon including the load state acquisition signal is retransmitted a predetermined number of times, the load state acquisition signal is transmitted to the beacon B transmitted from the wireless communication devices 2 and 3. Is included. Further, if the power supply to the load control devices 21 to 35 is after the beacon including the load state acquisition signal has been retransmitted a predetermined number of times, the beacon B transmitted from the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 A state change notification permission signal is included. When the load control devices 21 to 35 receive a load state acquisition signal or a load state change notification permission signal after the power is turned on, the load control devices 21 to 35 are after a predetermined number of slots assigned to the load control device. Alternatively, a load state notification signal is transmitted after a delay time of a random number of slots. FIG. 6 shows a case where a load state notification signal is transmitted after a delay time of a random number of slots. Since the load control device side determines the random number of slots, for example, it is assumed that the load control devices 24 and 25 transmit the load state notification signal in the same communication slot. Since the wireless communication device 2 could not receive the load state notification signals from the load control devices 24 and 25, the load control devices 24 and 25 are added to the beacon transmitted in the next frame (the third beacon B in the figure). Including the load status acquisition signal for. The load control devices 24 and 25 retransmit the load state notification signal after a delay time of a random number of slots. Thereby, the centralized control device 1 can quickly grasp the state of the load even when the load control device is activated later.
　図８は、無線通信装置２，３の電源投入よりも後から負荷制御装置２１～３５の電源投入がなされた場合の変形例を示す。負荷制御装置２１～２５は、その電源が投入された後に、負荷状態変化通知許可信号を受信したときは、ランダムなスロット数の遅延時間後に、キャリアセンスにより無線通信装置２，３が送信しているか否かを確認し、電波が送信されていないスロットを利用して起動通知信号Ｄを送信する。主従関係が設定された負荷制御装置２１～３５のいずれかから起動通知信号Ｄを受信した無線通信装置２又は３は、起動通知禁止信号を含むビーコンＢを送信し、上記いずれかの手法により負荷制御装置２１～３５から負荷状態通知信号を取得する。電源投入後、各負荷制御装置２１～３５の起動や負荷状態取得信号又は負荷状態変化通知許可信号の受信に若干のタイムラグが生じる。無線通信装置２に関しては、負荷制御装置２２が最初に起動され、起動通知信号Ｄを送信したとする。起動通知信号Ｄを受信した無線通信装置２は、直ちに起動通知禁止信号（図中３つ目のビーコンＢ）を送信し、負荷制御装置２２を含む主従関係が設定された全ての負荷制御装置２１～２５に対して、起動通知信号の送信を禁止するとともに、負荷状態通知信号を送信させる。無線通信装置３に関しても、ほぼ同時に負荷制御装置３３が最初に起動され、起動通知信号Ｄを送信する。負荷制御装置２１～３５が同じ電源から電力を供給されている場合、複数の負荷制御装置からほぼ同時に起動通知信号Ｄが送信され、負荷制御装置２１～３５から送信される負荷状態通知信号が衝突することもあり得るが、負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかった負荷制御装置に対して負荷状態取得信号を再送信することにより、集中制御装置１は、後から負荷制御装置が起動された場合であっても、速やかに負荷の状態を把握することができる。 FIG. 8 shows a modification when the load control devices 21 to 35 are turned on after the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 are turned on. When the load control devices 21 to 25 receive the load state change notification permission signal after the power is turned on, the wireless communication devices 2 and 3 transmit by carrier sense after a delay time of a random number of slots. The activation notification signal D is transmitted using a slot to which no radio wave is transmitted. The wireless communication device 2 or 3 that has received the activation notification signal D from any one of the load control devices 21 to 35 for which the master-slave relationship is set transmits a beacon B including the activation notification prohibition signal, Load state notification signals are acquired from the control devices 21 to 35. After the power is turned on, a slight time lag occurs in the activation of the load control devices 21 to 35 and the reception of the load state acquisition signal or the load state change notification permission signal. Regarding the wireless communication device 2, it is assumed that the load control device 22 is activated first and transmits the activation notification signal D. The wireless communication device 2 that has received the activation notification signal D immediately transmits an activation notification prohibition signal (the third beacon B in the figure), and all the load control devices 21 in which the master-slave relationship including the load control device 22 is set. ˜25 are prohibited from transmitting the activation notification signal, and the load state notification signal is transmitted. Regarding the wireless communication device 3 as well, the load control device 33 is first activated almost simultaneously and transmits an activation notification signal D. When the load control devices 21 to 35 are supplied with power from the same power source, the activation notification signal D is transmitted almost simultaneously from the plurality of load control devices, and the load state notification signals transmitted from the load control devices 21 to 35 collide with each other. The centralized control device 1 can be used when the load control device is activated later by retransmitting the load status acquisition signal to the load control device that could not acquire the load status notification signal. Even if it exists, the state of the load can be quickly grasped.
　なお、参考例として、無線通信装置２，３・・・に不揮発性メモリを設け、電源が遮断される直前の主従関係が設定されている負荷制御装置２１，２２・・・の負荷の状態を記憶させておく。無線通信装置２，３・・・は、電源投入後に、負荷状態取得信号を送信する代わりに、無線通信装置２，３・・・が記憶している負荷状態を一斉状態通知信号として各負荷制御装置にマルチキャスト送信する。負荷制御装置２１，２２・・・は、電源投入時の負荷状態と無線通信装置２，３・・・から送信された負荷状態が不一致の場合だけ、無線通信装置２，３・・・に対して現在の負荷状態通知信号を送信する。一般的に、電源遮断前と電源投入後では、負荷の状態はあまり変化していない（停電中に負荷制御装置の押釦スイッチが操作されることはあまり無い）と考えられるので、電源再投入後に集中制御装置が各負荷の状態を把握するのに要する時間を短縮することができる。 As a reference example, the wireless communication devices 2, 3... Are provided with a non-volatile memory, and the load states of the load control devices 21, 22,. Remember. The wireless communication devices 2, 3... Control each load using the load state stored in the wireless communication devices 2, 3. Multicast to the device. The load control devices 21, 22,... Correspond to the wireless communication devices 2, 3,... Only when the load state at power-on and the load state transmitted from the wireless communication devices 2, 3. The current load status notification signal is transmitted. In general, it is considered that the state of the load has not changed much before and after power-on (the pushbutton switch of the load control device is rarely operated during a power failure). The time required for the central control apparatus to grasp the state of each load can be shortened.
　以上説明したように、本発明によれば、非住宅施設の照明制御などに適する負荷制御システムにおいて、電源投入時に、無線通信装置から主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置に対して１台ずつ、負荷状態取得信号を送信し、負荷状態取得信号を受信した負荷制御装置は、その負荷制御装置が制御する負荷の状態を示す負荷状態通知信号を送信し、負荷状態通知信号を受信した無線通信装置は、有線接続を介して集中制御装置に受信した負荷状態通知信号を送信するので、電源投入後、短時間のうちに各負荷の状態に関する負荷状態通知信号を取得することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, in a load control system suitable for lighting control of a non-residential facility, one unit is provided for a plurality of load control devices in which a master-slave relationship is set from a wireless communication device when power is turned on. The load control device that has transmitted the load status acquisition signal and received the load status acquisition signal each time transmits the load status notification signal indicating the status of the load controlled by the load control device, and has received the load status notification signal. Since the communication device transmits the received load state notification signal to the centralized control device via a wired connection, the load state notification signal related to the state of each load can be acquired within a short time after the power is turned on.
　また、無線通信装置から負荷制御装置に対して送信されるあるビーコンから次のビーコンまでの所定の周期で定義されるフレームを、負荷状態取得信号及び負荷状態通知信号よりも長い複数のタイムスロットに分割し、フレームの全スロットに、主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置との通信スロットを重複しないようにランダムに配置することにより、複数の無線通信装置とそれと主従関係にある複数の負荷制御装置との間で同時に電波による無線通信が可能になる。また、同じスロットで複数の負荷制御装置から負荷状態通知信号が送信された場合、信号の衝突が発生するが、次のフレームの全スロットに、負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかった負荷制御装置との通信スロットを重複しないように再度ランダムに配置して、負荷状態取得信号の再送信を繰り返すことにより、短時間のうちに全ての負荷制御装置からの負荷状態通知信号を取得することができる。 Also, frames defined in a predetermined cycle from one beacon to the next beacon transmitted from the wireless communication device to the load control device are placed in a plurality of time slots longer than the load state acquisition signal and the load state notification signal. By dividing and randomly arranging communication slots with a plurality of load control devices for which master-slave relationships are set in all slots of the frame so as not to overlap, a plurality of wireless communication devices and a plurality of loads in a master-slave relationship with it Wireless communication using radio waves can be performed simultaneously with the control device. In addition, when load state notification signals are transmitted from a plurality of load control devices in the same slot, signal collision occurs, but the load control device that could not acquire the load state notification signal in all slots of the next frame The communication slots are randomly arranged again so as not to overlap, and the load state acquisition signals from all the load control devices can be acquired in a short time by repeating the retransmission of the load state acquisition signal.
　１　集中制御装置
　２，３　無線通信装置
　２１～２５，３１～３５　負荷制御装置 1 Central control device 2, 3 Wireless communication device 21-25, 31-35 Load control device

Claims (10)

  1. 　複数の負荷の状態を把握し管理する集中制御装置と、
    　前記複数の負荷のうち１又は複数の負荷のオン又はオフを直接制御すると共に、電波による無線通信を介して前記負荷の状態に関する負荷状態通知信号を送信する複数の負荷制御装置と、
    　前記集中制御装置と有線接続され、前記複数の負荷制御装置のうちあらかじめ主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置との間で電波による無線通信を介して信号の送受信を行う、複数の無線通信装置を備え、
    　前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ前記集中制御装置から送信される同期信号に基づいて互いに同期して動作しており、
    　前記負荷制御装置は、それぞれ前記無線通信装置からそれぞれ送信される同期信号に基づいて互いに同期して動作しており、
    　前記無線通信装置の電源投入後、前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置に対して１台ずつ、負荷状態取得信号を送信し、
    　前記負荷状態取得信号を受信した負荷制御装置は、その負荷制御装置が制御する負荷の状態を示す負荷状態通知信号を主従関係が設定された無線通信装置に送信し、
    　前記負荷状態通知信号を受信した無線通信装置は、前記有線接続を介して前記集中制御装置に受信した前記負荷状態通知信号を送信することを特徴とする負荷制御システム。     A centralized control device that grasps and manages the status of multiple loads;
    A plurality of load control devices for directly controlling on or off of one or more of the plurality of loads, and transmitting a load state notification signal regarding the state of the load via radio communication by radio waves;
    A plurality of wireless communications that are wired and connected to the centralized control device, and that transmit / receive signals to / from a plurality of load control devices in which a master-slave relationship is set in advance among the plurality of load control devices Equipped with equipment,
    The wireless communication devices operate in synchronization with each other based on a synchronization signal transmitted from the central control device,
    The load control devices operate in synchronization with each other based on synchronization signals transmitted from the wireless communication devices, respectively.
    After powering on the wireless communication device, the wireless communication device transmits a load state acquisition signal to each of the plurality of load control devices to which the master-slave relationship is set,
    The load control device that has received the load status acquisition signal transmits a load status notification signal indicating a load status controlled by the load control device to the wireless communication device in which the master-slave relationship is set,
    The wireless communication device that has received the load state notification signal transmits the received load state notification signal to the centralized control device via the wired connection.
  2. 　前記無線通信装置は、前記負荷制御装置に対して所定の周期でビーコンを送信しており、あるビーコンから、次のビーコンまでの前記所定の周期で定義されるフレームが、前記負荷状態取得信号及び前記負荷状態通知信号よりも長い複数のタイムスロットに分割されており、
    　前記無線通信装置は、
    　　前記フレームの全スロットに、前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置との通信スロットを重複しないようにランダムに配置し、
    　　前記負荷状態取得信号を送信した後、前記所定の周期内に前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置の全てから前記負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかったときは、次のフレームの全スロットに、前記負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかった負荷制御装置との通信スロットを重複しないように再度ランダムに配置して、前記負荷状態取得信号を再送信することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の負荷制御システム。     The wireless communication device transmits a beacon to the load control device at a predetermined cycle, and a frame defined by the predetermined cycle from a certain beacon to the next beacon is the load state acquisition signal and Divided into a plurality of time slots longer than the load state notification signal,
    The wireless communication device
    Randomly arrange communication slots with a plurality of load control devices in which the master-slave relationship is set in all slots of the frame,
    After transmitting the load status acquisition signal, when the load status notification signal cannot be acquired from all of the plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set within the predetermined period, all slots of the next frame In addition, the load state acquisition signal is retransmitted at random so that communication slots with the load control device that could not acquire the load state notification signal are randomly arranged so as not to overlap. Load control system.
  3. 　前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ、あらかじめ設定された順番に基づいて、前記ビーコンを送信するスロットが重複しないようにオフセットされていることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の負荷制御システム。 The load control system according to claim 2, wherein the wireless communication devices are offset so that slots for transmitting the beacons do not overlap based on a preset order.
  4. 　前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ、あらかじめ設定された順番に基づいて、前記負荷状態取得信号を送信するフレームが重複しないようにオフセットされていることを特徴とする請求項２又は請求項３に記載の負荷制御システム。 4. The wireless communication device according to claim 2, wherein each of the wireless communication devices is offset based on a preset order so that frames for transmitting the load state acquisition signal do not overlap each other. 5. Load control system.
  5. 　前記無線通信装置は、それぞれ、前記負荷状態取得信号を送信するフレームが重複していることを特徴とする請求項２又は請求項３に記載の負荷制御システム。 4. The load control system according to claim 2, wherein each of the wireless communication devices has a duplicate frame for transmitting the load status acquisition signal. 5.
  6. 　前記無線通信装置は、前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置のうちいずれかの負荷制御装置に対して規定回数の前記負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを再送信しても前記負荷状態通知信号を取得できなかったときは、前記集中制御装置に対してその負荷制御装置は不在であることを示す不在信号を送信することを特徴とする請求項２乃至請求項５のいずれか一項に記載の負荷制御システム。 Even if the wireless communication device retransmits a beacon including the load state acquisition signal a predetermined number of times to any one of the plurality of load control devices for which the master-slave relationship is set, the load state notification 6. The absence signal indicating that the load control device is absent is transmitted to the centralized control device when the signal cannot be acquired. The load control system described.
  7. 　前記無線通信装置は、前記規定回数に達する前に、前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置の全てから前記負荷状態通知信号を取得できたときでも、前記規定回数のフレームまでは、通常動作に移行しないことを特徴とする請求項６に記載の負荷制御システム。 Even when the wireless communication device can obtain the load state notification signal from all of the plurality of load control devices to which the master-slave relationship is set before reaching the prescribed number of times, The load control system according to claim 6, wherein the load control system does not shift to an operation.
  8. 　前記無線通信装置が送信する前記ビーコンは、負荷状態変化通知許可信号又は負荷状態変化通知禁止信号を含み、
    　前記無線通信装置は、電源が投入されてから、前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置の全てから前記負荷状態通知信号を取得するか又は規定回数の前記負荷状態取得信号を含むビーコンを再送信するまでは、前記ビーコンに前記負荷状態変化通知禁止信号を含めて送信し、その後は前記負荷状態変化通知許可信号を含めて送信し、
    　前記負荷制御装置は、前記負荷状態変化通知許可信号を受信するまでは、その負荷制御装置が制御する負荷の状態が変化しても前記負荷状態変化通知信号を送信しないことを特徴とする請求項２乃至請求項５のいずれか一項に記載の負荷制御システム。     The beacon transmitted by the wireless communication device includes a load state change notification permission signal or a load state change notification prohibition signal,
    The wireless communication device acquires a load state notification signal from all of a plurality of load control devices to which the master-slave relationship is set after power is turned on or includes a beacon including the load state acquisition signal for a specified number of times. Until it retransmits, it transmits the beacon including the load state change notification prohibition signal, and then transmits it including the load state change notification permission signal,
    The load control device does not transmit the load state change notification signal even if the load state controlled by the load control device changes until the load state change notification permission signal is received. The load control system according to any one of claims 2 to 5.
  9. 　前記負荷状態変化通知許可信号を受信した前記負荷制御装置は、その負荷制御装置が制御する負荷の状態が変化したときに、キャリアセンスにより前記無線通信装置が送信しているか否かを確認し、電波が送信されていないスロットを利用して前記負荷状態変化通知信号を送信することを特徴とする請求項８に記載の負荷制御システム。 The load control device that has received the load state change notification permission signal confirms whether or not the wireless communication device is transmitting by carrier sense when the state of the load controlled by the load control device has changed, The load control system according to claim 8, wherein the load state change notification signal is transmitted using a slot to which no radio wave is transmitted.
  10. 　前記負荷制御装置は、その電源が投入された後に、前記負荷状態変化通知許可信号を受信したときは、ランダムなスロット数の遅延時間後に、キャリアセンスにより前記無線通信装置が送信しているか否かを確認し、電波が送信されていないスロットを利用して起動通知信号を送信し、
    　前記無線通信装置は、前記主従関係が設定された複数の負荷制御装置のいずれかから前記起動通知信号を受信したときは、請求項８又は請求項９に記載された手法により前記負荷状態通知信号を取得することを特徴とする負荷制御システム。     When the load control device receives the load state change notification permission signal after the power is turned on, whether or not the wireless communication device is transmitting by carrier sense after a delay time of a random number of slots And send a startup notification signal using a slot that is not transmitting radio waves,
    When the wireless communication device receives the activation notification signal from any of a plurality of load control devices to which the master-slave relationship is set, the load state notification signal is obtained by the method described in claim 8 or 9. A load control system characterized by acquiring
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