WO2014154149A1 - 一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统 - Google Patents

一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014154149A1
WO2014154149A1 PCT/CN2014/074151 CN2014074151W WO2014154149A1 WO 2014154149 A1 WO2014154149 A1 WO 2014154149A1 CN 2014074151 W CN2014074151 W CN 2014074151W WO 2014154149 A1 WO2014154149 A1 WO 2014154149A1
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Prior art keywords
oil
solenoid valve
pin
pins
pressure
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2014/074151
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘克成
范辉
马慧芳
王娟怡
龙潇
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HEBEI ELECTRIC POWER COMMISSIONING INSTITUDE
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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HEBEI ELECTRIC POWER COMMISSIONING INSTITUDE
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Publication of WO2014154149A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014154149A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
    • G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D16/2006—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
    • G05D16/2013—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means
    • G05D16/2026—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means with a plurality of throttling means
    • G05D16/2046—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means with a plurality of throttling means the plurality of throttling means being arranged for the control of a single pressure from a plurality of converging pressures
    • G05D16/2053—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means using throttling means as controlling means with a plurality of throttling means the plurality of throttling means being arranged for the control of a single pressure from a plurality of converging pressures the plurality of throttling means comprising only a first throttling means acting on a higher pressure and a second throttling means acting on a lower pressure, e.g. the atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
    • F15B21/041—Removal or measurement of solid or liquid contamination, e.g. filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/655—Methods of contamination control, i.e. methods of control of the cleanliness of circuit components or of the pressure fluid

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pressure control system for simulating an insulating oil of a substation, and belongs to the field of pressure control.
  • the oil sample is usually taken back to the test chamber, and the gas chromatograph is used for the comparison analysis.
  • the whole process has long calibration time, complicated operation process and many human error. It can not verify the on-line monitoring of the transformer chromatogram during operation. It can not truly reflect the on-site operating environment of the dissolved gas online device in the insulating oil.
  • a device specially formulated with a certain characteristic gas content insulating oil, the characteristic gas and the insulating oil are mixed in a certain ratio to prepare a standard oil sample with different component contents, and is used for directly verifying the on-line monitoring device for the insulating oil chromatography.
  • the standard oil sample preparation process is prepared by the principle of gas-liquid two-phase dissolution equilibrium under normal pressure.
  • C A H*P A : Pressure is an important factor in the equilibrium of gas-liquid two-phase dissolution.
  • the pressure P determines the concentration of the component C, and the pressure becomes larger.
  • the concentration of the component C is large.
  • the concentration C of the reduced component becomes smaller.
  • the pressure fluctuation affects the stability of the gas-liquid two-phase dissolution equilibrium.
  • the ambient pressure deviates from the original equilibrium pressure, the pressure becomes smaller, and a negative pressure environment is formed, and a large amount of dissolved gas components are precipitated; when the pressure is increased, the dissolved amount of the gas component is increased. .
  • the present invention designs a pressure control system with accurate control and rapid response for a standard oil sample preparation device, to achieve voltage regulation control of a standard oil sample preparation device, and to ensure accuracy and calibration of a standard oil sample as a standard substance.
  • the accuracy and stability of the chromatographic online monitoring device is a standard oil sample preparation device.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pressure control system for simulating the insulating oil of a substation equipment, which can adjust the pressure arbitrarily within the rated range, stabilize the cylinder pressure of the oil distribution device, and ensure the configured oil sample.
  • the gas content is stable, thus ensuring the accuracy and stability of the calibration results.
  • the invention comprises a circulation pump, a circulating electromagnetic valve, an oil inlet solenoid valve, a return oil solenoid valve, a cylinder and an oil discharge solenoid valve; characterized in that it further comprises an intake solenoid valve, an outlet solenoid valve, a pressure sensor, a compressed air source and a pressure Controller
  • the upper part of the cylinder is an oil chamber with an oil inlet hole, and the lower part is an air chamber provided with an air outlet and an air inlet; a through hole is arranged at an axial position of the piston rod of the oil cylinder; and a bottom hole is installed at the bottom of the air chamber a pressure sensor; the compressed air source is connected to the air inlet through a pipe equipped with an intake solenoid valve, and the air outlet is connected to a pipe equipped with an air outlet solenoid valve;
  • the oil outlet hole at the lower end of the piston rod communicates with the oil taking device through a pipeline which is sequentially provided with an oil discharge solenoid valve, a second three-way and a four-way, and the lower port of the four-way passage passes through a pipe and a fuel tank equipped with an oil inlet solenoid valve Connected, the upper port of the four-way communicates with the oil inlet of the online monitoring device through a pipeline, and the oil returning port of the online monitoring device and the oil inlet hole of the upper portion of the cylinder are sequentially provided with a return oil solenoid valve,
  • the first three-way pipeline is connected to each other; the lower port of the first three-way and the upper port of the second three-way are connected by a pipeline which is sequentially equipped with a circulation pump and a circulating electromagnetic valve; the pressure controller passes through the bluetooth Or the USB module communicates with the host computer with the control software;
  • the pressure controller includes a single chip control circuit, an I/O driving circuit, an A/D converter, a liquid crystal display circuit, and a communication module; the output end of the A/D converter is connected to a corresponding input end of the single chip control circuit, The corresponding output end of the single chip control circuit is respectively connected to the input end of the I/O driving circuit and the liquid crystal display circuit; the communication module is bidirectionally connected with the single chip control circuit; the output end of the corresponding input end pressure sensor of the A/D converter, The output end of the I/O driving circuit respectively controls the on/off of the circulation pump, the circulating electromagnetic valve, the outlet electromagnetic valve, the oil inlet solenoid valve, the intake solenoid valve, the oil return solenoid valve, and the oil discharge solenoid valve; The solenoid valve and the oil discharge solenoid valve are normally open solenoid valves, and the circulating solenoid valve, the intake solenoid valve, the oil inlet solenoid valve and the outlet solenoid valve are normally closed solenoid valves.
  • the positive effects produced by the present invention are as follows:
  • the pressure control system measures the pressure of the air chamber through the pressure sensor, and automatically controls the opening and closing of each electromagnetic valve in combination with the pressure controller, adjusts the pressure of the air chamber to be constant, the operation is simple, the reaction is sensitive, and the rated It is convenient to adjust the pressure to the set value within the range, which stabilizes the oil in the standard oil sample preparation device.
  • the book cylinder pressure ensures the stability of the gas content of the configured oil sample, provides a suitable pressure environment for the fluid entering and leaving the cylinder, ensures the accuracy and stability of the calibration result, and satisfies the basic functions of oil filling and sampling of the standard oil sample preparation device.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a circuit principle of a pressure controller according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of a pressure controller according to the present invention (a single chip control circuit, a display circuit);
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of an pressure controller (I/O driving circuit) of the present invention;
  • Figure 5 is a circuit schematic diagram (A/D converter) of the pressure controller of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a circuit diagram (communication module) of the pressure controller of the present invention.
  • 1 circulation pump 1 circulation pump, 2 circulation solenoid valve, 3 intake solenoid valve, 4 inlet solenoid valve, 5 outlet solenoid valve, 6 cylinder, 7 oil solenoid valve, 8 oil solenoid valve, 9 pressure sensor, 10 fuel tank, 11 oil extraction equipment, 12 online detection device, 13 air outlet, 14 air inlet, 15 four-way, 16 compressed air source, 17 pressure controller, 18 oil inlet, 19 oil outlet, 20 first three Pass, 21 second three links.
  • the solid line in Figure 1 represents the oil and gas pipeline, and the dotted line represents the signal.
  • FIG. 6 It can be seen from the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 that it includes a circulation pump 1, a circulation solenoid valve 2, an oil inlet solenoid valve 4, a return solenoid valve 7, a cylinder 6 and an oil discharge solenoid valve 8; a gas solenoid valve 3, an outlet solenoid valve 5, a pressure sensor 9, a compressed air source 16 and a pressure controller 17;
  • the upper part of the cylinder 6 is an oil chamber with an oil inlet hole 18, and the lower part thereof is an air chamber provided with an air outlet 13 and an air inlet 14; a through hole is provided at an axial position of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 6; A pressure sensor 9 is mounted at the bottom of the air chamber; the compressed air source 16 is in communication with the air inlet 14 through a duct having an intake solenoid valve 3, and the air outlet 13 is connected to a duct in which the air outlet solenoid valve 5 is installed. ;
  • the oil outlet hole 19 at the lower end of the piston rod communicates with the oil taking device 11 through a pipe which is sequentially provided with the oil discharge solenoid valve 8, the second three-way 21 and the four-way 15, and the lower port of the four-way 15 is filled with oil.
  • the pipeline of the solenoid valve 4 is in communication with the oil tank 10.
  • the upper port of the four-way 15 is connected to the oil inlet of the online monitoring device 12 through a pipeline, and the oil outlet of the online monitoring device 12 and the oil inlet of the upper portion of the cylinder 6
  • the holes 18 are connected by a pipe sequentially provided with the oil return solenoid valve 7 and the first three-way 20; the lower port and the first port of the first three-way 20
  • the upper ports of the second through-way 21 are connected by a pipeline which is sequentially provided with a circulation pump 1 and a circulation solenoid valve 2;
  • the pressure controller 17 communicates with a host computer equipped with control software via a Bluetooth or USB module;
  • the pressure controller 17 includes a single chip control circuit, an I/O driving circuit, an A/D converter, a liquid crystal display circuit, and a communication module; the output end of the A/D converter is connected to a corresponding input end of the single chip control circuit, and the single chip microcomputer The respective output ends of the control circuit are respectively connected to the input terminals of the I/O driving circuit
  • the oil return solenoid valve 7 and the oil discharge solenoid valve 8 are normally open solenoid valves, and the circulating solenoid valve 2, the intake solenoid valve 3, the inlet solenoid valve 4 and the outlet solenoid valve 5 are normally closed solenoid valves.
  • the single-chip microcomputer control circuit is composed of a single-chip microcomputer U4 and its peripheral components crystal oscillator Y1, a capacitor C1 ⁇ C3, a resistor R1, and an exclusion resistor RP1; the crystal oscillator circuit composed of the crystal oscillator Y1 and the capacitors C1 ⁇ C2 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer U4. Between 18 and 19 feet; Capacitor C3 and resistor R1 are connected in series between +5V power supply and ground. The 9-pin of MCU U4 is connected to the node of capacitor C3 and resistor R1 to form an automatic reset circuit.
  • the liquid crystal display circuit is composed of a liquid crystal module U3 and its peripheral component resistor R2, a sliding variable resistor R3; the resistor R2 and the sliding resistor R3 are connected in series and connected between the 18th and 19th legs of the liquid crystal module U3.
  • the 3rd leg of the liquid crystal module U3 is connected to the sliding end of the sliding rheostat R3.
  • the 7 ⁇ 14 pins of the liquid crystal module U3 are connected to the 39 ⁇ 32 legs of the single chip U4, the 2nd pin of the liquid crystal module U3 is connected to +5V, and the 1st leg and 20 of the liquid crystal module U3. The foot is grounded.
  • the I/O driving circuit is composed of a composite transistor array U2 and its peripheral component relay J1, and sockets Z1 to Z2; the circulating pump 1 is connected between pins 1 and 5 of the socket Z1, the cycle
  • the electromagnetic valve 2, the intake solenoid valve 3, the oil inlet solenoid valve 4, the outlet gas solenoid valve 5, the oil return solenoid valve 7 and the oil discharge solenoid valve 8 are respectively connected between the 2 ⁇ 7 feet and the 1st leg of the socket Z2.
  • the wide 7-pin of the composite transistor array U2 is sequentially connected to the 2 wide 27 feet of the single-chip U4; the 16-pin of the composite transistor array U2 is connected to the relay control circuit of the circulating pump 1, and the relay control circuit includes the relay J1 and the socket Z1 of the circulating pump 1
  • the coil of the relay J1 is connected between the 16-pin and the +5V of the composite transistor array U2, and the normally-open contact J1-1 of the relay J1
  • the manual is connected between the 3rd and 5th pins of the socket Z1, the 2rd and 3rd pins of the socket Z1 are connected, the 1st and 4th pins of the socket Z1 are connected, and the connected legs are connected to 220V AC;
  • the socket Z2 2 ⁇ 7 feet are connected to the 15 ⁇ 10 pins of the composite transistor array U2, and the 1st pin of the socket Z2 is connected to +24V;
  • the 8-pin of the composite transistor array 112 is grounded, and the 9-pin of the composite transistor
  • the A/D converter is composed of an integrated block U6 and its peripheral components crystal oscillator Y2, capacitors C4 ⁇ C8, resistors R4 ⁇ R5, and socket Z3; the pressure sensor 9 is connected to pin 1 and 4 of the socket Z3.
  • 1 pin of the integrated block U6 is connected to the 1 pin of the single-chip U4, and the 14 ⁇ 12 pins of the integrated block U6 are respectively connected to the 13-pin, 3-pin, and 2-pin of the single-chip U4, and the 5-pin connection of the integrated block U6+ 5V;
  • the 2 ⁇ 3 legs of the socket Z3 are respectively connected to the 7 ⁇ 8 pins of the integrated block U6, the 1st leg of the socket Z3 is connected to +5V, the 4th foot is grounded;
  • the crystal oscillator circuit composed of the crystal oscillator Y2 and the capacitor C4 ⁇ C5 is connected Between the 2 pin and the 3 pin of the integrated block U6; the capacitor C6 is connected between the +5V power supply and the ground, the resistor R4 ⁇ R5 is connected in series between the +5V power supply and the ground, and the 9-pin of the integrated block U6 is connected to the R4 and On the node of R5, capacitors C7 ⁇ C8 are connected in parallel between R4 and R5 nodes and ground, and
  • the communication module is composed of a Bluetooth module U1, a USB module U5 and a double-pole double-throw switch S1; the two static contacts of the double-pole double-throw switch S1 are connected to the 10-pin and 11-pin of the single-chip U4, and the double-knife
  • the boom of the double-throw switch S1 is selectively connected to the 2 ⁇ 3 pins of the Bluetooth module U1 or the USB module U5; the 1st pin of the Bluetooth module U1 and the USB module U5 are both connected to +5V, and the 4 feet are grounded.
  • the type of the composite transistor array U2 is ULN2003A (16) ; the model of the liquid crystal module U3 is SMG12864; the model of the single chip U4 is AT89c51; the model of the integrated block U6 is AD7705; The model of the Bluetooth integrated block U1 is GC-04; the model of the USB integrated block U5 is ZF-23V4.0.
  • Oil cylinder oil filling Circulating solenoid valve 2, oil inlet solenoid valve 4, and outlet solenoid valve 5 are normally closed solenoid valves. At this time, the power is turned on, and the oil return solenoid valve 7 and the oil discharge solenoid valve 8 are normally open solenoid valves. When the power is turned off, the circulating pump 1 is powered on, and the external blank oil sample flows through the oil inlet solenoid valve 4 and the circulating solenoid valve 2, and then is pumped to the cylinder 6 by the circulating pump 1, and is added to the cylinder 6 with the addition of the upper blank oil. 6 Up and down pressure, the piston will move slowly downwards.
  • Oil extraction from the oil cylinder The oil discharge solenoid valve 8 is not normally energized at this time, and the other electromagnetic valves are not powered on, and the external oil extraction device 11 is generally not accompanied by the oil returning process, and the standard oil is passed from the piston rod. After the hole is discharged to the oil extraction device 11, the oil does not return to the oil, so the oil return solenoid valve 7 is powered off at this time. As the oil sample of the oil cylinder 6 decreases, the internal pressure of the oil cylinder 6 will become smaller and fall to the setting. When the constant pressure value is below, the intake solenoid valve 3 is powered on, and the compressed air source inflates the lower portion of the cylinder 6, pushing the piston up to ensure that the pressure inside the oil chamber is constant.
  • Oil return of the oil cylinder After passing through the online testing equipment, the oil sample flows back to the oil chamber through the pipeline which is sequentially equipped with the oil return solenoid valve 7 and the first three-way 20, and the oil return solenoid valve 7 and the oil discharge solenoid valve 8 When the power is not turned on, the other solenoid valves are not powered on. As the upper oil sample increases, the internal pressure of the cylinder 6 becomes larger. When the set constant voltage value is exceeded, the outlet solenoid valve 5 is energized, and the lower portion of the cylinder 6 is compressed. Part of the air is exhausted, the piston is lowered, and the pressure inside the oil chamber is lowered to ensure a constant pressure inside the oil chamber.
  • the pressure controller 17 is connected to the host computer equipped with the control software via Bluetooth or USB, and sets a constant voltage value in the host computer equipped with the control software, and sends the set constant voltage value to Pressure controller 17.
  • the piston of the cylinder 6 is below the piston and the piston is fed above the oil.
  • the oil and gas pressures above and below the piston are finally balanced.
  • the upper oil pressure of the cylinder 6 pushes the piston up and down by the lower air.
  • the compressed air source 16 When the intake solenoid valve 3 is opened, the compressed air source 16 The air inlet 14 is inflated from the lower portion of the cylinder 6, and the lower pressure is increased to move the piston upward, thereby reducing the upper space of the cylinder 6 to increase the upper pressure; when the outlet solenoid valve 5 is opened, the air is discharged from the lower outlet 13 of the cylinder 6, the lower portion The pressure reduction causes the piston to move downward, thereby increasing the upper space of the cylinder 6 to reduce the upper pressure.
  • the pressure controller 17 judges whether or not the internal pressure of the cylinder 6 is at a set value based on the feedback value of the pressure sensor 9, thereby adjusting and controlling the opening and closing of the intake solenoid valve 3 and the outlet solenoid valve 5, and completing the functions of pressure adjustment and pressure stabilization.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统，包括循环泵（1）、循环电磁阀（2）、进油电磁阀（4）、回油电磁阀（7）、油缸（6）和出油电磁阀（8）；该系统还包括进气电磁阀（3）、出气电磁阀（5）、压力传感器（9）、压缩空气源（16）以及压力控制器（17）；油缸（6）上部为带有进油孔（18）的油腔，其下部为设有出气口（13）和进气口（14）的气腔；在油缸（6）的活塞杆的轴线位置设有通孔；气腔底部内嵌有压力传感器（9）；压缩空气源（16）通过装有进气电磁阀（3）的管道与进气口（14）相连通，出气口（13）与装有出气电磁阀（5）的管道相连通；压力控制器（17）通过蓝牙或USB与装有控制软件的上位机通信。该系统的优点是通过压力传感器（9）测量气室压力，自动控制各电磁阀开闭，反应灵敏，稳定了油缸压力。

Description

说 明 书 一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统， 属于压力控 制领域。
背景技术
[0002] 目前， 对于绝缘油中溶解气体在线监测装置数据的准确性、 检测精度等 测试指标，通常是现场取油样带回试验室内， 使用气相色谱仪进行比对分析。整 个过程标定时间长、操作过程繁琐、人为误差较多， 且不能对运行中变压器色谱 在线监测进行现场校验，不能够真实的反应出绝缘油中溶解气体在线装置的现场 运行环境， 因此设计一种专门配制一定特征气体含量绝缘油的装置，将特征气体 与绝缘油以一定配比混合，配制出不同组分含量的标准油样，用于直接校验绝缘 油色谱在线监测装置。
[0003] 标准油样配制过程是在常压下利用气液两相溶解平衡的原理制备。 由亨 利定律 CA=H*PA知： 压力是气液两相溶解平衡的重要因素， 当温度一定时， 压力 P决定着组分浓度 C的大小， 压力变大组分浓度 C大， 压力变小组分浓度 C随之 变小。 压力波动影响气液两相溶解平衡稳定性， 当环境压力偏离原平衡压力时， 压力变小， 形成负压环境， 已溶解气体组分大量析出； 压力变大， 气体组分溶解 量将增大。校验过程中，取样后油缸因失去部分液相体积而总体积不变气相压力 因此形成负压，标准油样中特征气体会因此大量析出，改变标准油样溶解气体组 成含量，影响色谱在线监测装置校验的准确性。标准油样配制过程中的油缸注油、 自动进气、 油缸上部排气、 取样、 回油等基本操作都与压力息息相关。
[0004] 针对油中溶解气体在线监测装置的校验装置， 目前国内只有个别电科院 和研究机构开展了类似科技项目的研究， 且都不成熟， 存在着大小不同的问题， 其中密封式或半密封式油箱设计，存在油压不稳、不可控制的问题， 油样含量易 受压力不稳及外界大气的影响。
[0005] 本发明为标准油样配制装置设计一种控制准确， 反应快速的压力控制系 统， 以实现标准油样配制装置的稳压控制，保证标准油样作为标准物质的准确性 和校验变压器色谱在线监测装置的准确性和稳定性。
发明内容 ， 说 明 书
[0006] 本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供了一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压 力控制系统，在额定范围内可任意调节压力， 稳定配油装置的油缸压力， 保证所 配置油样含气量的稳定， 从而保证校验结果的准确性和稳定性。
[0007] 本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案：
本发明包括循环泵、循环电磁阀、进油电磁阀、 回油电磁阀、油缸和出油电 磁阀； 其特征在于它还包括进气电磁阀、 出气电磁阀、压力传感器、压缩空气源 以及压力控制器；
所述油缸上部为带有进油孔的油腔，其下部为设有出气口和进气口的气腔；在油 缸的活塞杆的轴线位置设有通孔；在所述气腔的底部安装有压力传感器；所述压 缩空气源通过装有进气电磁阀的管道与进气口相连通，所述出气口与装有出气电 磁阀的管道相连通；
活塞杆下端的出油孔通过依次装有出油电磁阀、第二三通和四通的管道与取油设 备相连通，所述四通的下端口通过装有进油电磁阀的管道与油箱相连通，所述四 通的上端口通过管道与在线监测设备的进油口相连通，所述在线监测设备的出油 口与油缸上部的进油孔之间通过依次装有回油电磁阀、 第一三通的管道相连通； 所述第一三通的下端口和第二三通的上端口之间通过依次装有循环泵、循环电磁 阀的管道相连通;所述压力控制器通过蓝牙或 USB模块与装有控制软件的上位机 通信；
所述压力控制器包括单片机控制电路、 I/O驱动电路、 A/D转换器、 液晶显示电 路、通信模块； 所述 A/D转换器的输出端接单片机控制电路的相应输入端， 所述 单片机控制电路的相应输出端分别接 I/O驱动电路和液晶显示电路的输入端；所 述通信模块与单片机控制电路双向连接；所述 A/D转换器的相应输入端压力传感 器的输出端，所述 I/O驱动电路的输出端分别控制循环泵、循环电磁阀、 出气电 磁阀、 进油电磁阀、 进气电磁阀、 回油电磁阀以及出油电磁阀的通断； 所述回油电磁阀、 出油电磁阀为常开电磁阀， 所述循环电磁阀、进气电磁阀、进 油电磁阀和出气电磁阀为常闭电磁阀。
[0008] 本发明所产生的积极效果如下： 本压力控制系统通过压力传感器测量气 室压力，结合压力控制器自动控制各电磁阀开闭，调节气室压力恒定，操作简单, 反应灵敏，在额定范围内方便调节压力至设定值，稳定了标准油样配制装置内油 说 明 书 缸压力， 保证所配置油样含气量的稳定， 为进出油缸的流体提供合适压力环境， 保证校验结果的准确性和稳定性；满足标准油样配制装置的油缸注油、取样等基 本功能。
附图说明
[0009] 图 1为本发明的结构原理图；
图 2为本发明中压力控制器的电路原理块图；
图 3为本发明中压力控制器的电路原理图 （单片机控制电路、 显示电路）； 图 4为本发明中压力控制器的电路原理图 （I/O驱动电路）；
图 5为本发明中压力控制器的电路原理图 （A/D转换器）；
图 6为本发明中压力控制器的电路原理图 （通信模块)。
[0010] 其中， 1循环泵， 2循环电磁阀， 3进气电磁阀， 4进油电磁阀， 5出气 电磁阀， 6油缸， 7回油电磁阀， 8出油电磁阀， 9压力传感器， 10油箱， 11取 油设备， 12在线检测装置， 13出气口， 14进气口， 15四通， 16压缩空气源， 17压力控制器， 18进油孔， 19出油孔， 20第一三通， 21第二三通。 图 1中实 线代表输油、 输气管道， 虚线代表信号。
具体实施方式
[0011] 下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行进一步说明：
由图广 6所示的实施例可知， 它包括循环泵 1、 循环电磁阀 2、 进油电磁阀 4、 回油电磁阀 7、 油缸 6和出油电磁阀 8; 其特征在于它还包括进气电磁阀 3、 出 气电磁阀 5、 压力传感器 9、 压缩空气源 16以及压力控制器 17;
所述油缸 6上部为带有进油孔 18的油腔， 其下部为设有出气口 13和进气口 14 的气腔；在油缸 6的活塞杆的轴线位置设有通孔；在所述气腔的底部安装有压力 传感器 9;所述压缩空气源 16通过装有进气电磁阀 3的管道与进气口 14相连通, 所述出气口 13与装有出气电磁阀 5的管道相连通；
活塞杆下端的出油孔 19通过依次装有出油电磁阀 8、 第二三通 21和四通 15的 管道与取油设备 11相连通，所述四通 15的下端口通过装有进油电磁阀 4的管道 与油箱 10相连通， 所述四通 15的上端口通过管道与在线监测设备 12的进油口 相连通，所述在线监测设备 12的出油口与油缸 6上部的进油孔 18之间通过依次 装有回油电磁阀 7、第一三通 20的管道相连通； 所述第一三通 20的下端口和第 说 明 书 二三通 21的上端口之间通过依次装有循环泵 1、 循环电磁阀 2的管道相连通； 所述压力控制器 17通过蓝牙或 USB模块与装有控制软件的上位机通信； 所述压力控制器 17包括单片机控制电路、 I/O驱动电路、 A/D转换器、液晶显示 电路、通信模块； 所述 A/D转换器的输出端接单片机控制电路的相应输入端， 所 述单片机控制电路的相应输出端分别接 I/O驱动电路和液晶显示电路的输入端； 所述通信模块与单片机控制电路双向连接；所述 A/D转换器的相应输入端压力传 感器 9的输出端，所述 I/O驱动电路的输出端分别控制循环泵 1、循环电磁阀 2、 出气电磁阀 3、 进油电磁阀 4、 进气电磁阀 5、 回油电磁阀 7以及出油电磁阀 8 的通断；
所述回油电磁阀 7、 出油电磁阀 8为常开电磁阀， 所述循环电磁阀 2、 进气电磁 阀 3、 进油电磁阀 4和出气电磁阀 5为常闭电磁阀。
[0012] 所述单片机控制电路由单片机 U4及其外围元器件晶振 Yl、 电容 C1~C3、 电阻 Rl、 排阻 RP1组成； 所述晶振 Y1和电容 C1~C2组成的晶振电路接 在单片机 U4的 18和 19脚之间； 电容 C3和电阻 R1串联后接在 +5V电源和地之 间， 单片机 U4的 9脚接在电容 C3和电阻 R1的节点上， 组成自动复位电路； 单 片机 U4的 32~39脚依次接排阻 RP1的 9~2脚， 单片机 U4的 40脚和排阻 RP1的 1脚均接 +5V， 单片机 U4的 20脚接地。
[0013] 所述液晶显示电路由液晶模块 U3及其外围元器件电阻 R2、 滑动变 电阻 R3组成； 所述电阻 R2和滑动变电阻 R3串联后接在液晶模块 U3的 18~19 脚之间， 液晶模块 U3的 3脚接滑动变阻器 R3的滑动端， 液晶模块 U3的 7~14 脚依次接单片机 U4的 39~32脚， 液晶模块 U3的 2脚接 +5V， 液晶模块 U3的 1 脚和 20脚接地。
[0014] 所述 I/O驱动电路由复合晶体管阵列 U2及其外围元器件继电器 Jl、 插座 Z1~Z2组成； 所述循环泵 1接在插座 Z1的 1脚和 5脚之间， 所述循环电磁 阀 2、进气电磁阀 3、进油电磁阀 4、 出气电磁阀 5、 回油电磁阀 7和出油电磁阀 8分别对应接在插座 Z2的 2~7脚和 1脚之间，所述复合晶体管阵列 U2的广 7脚 依次接单片机 U4的 2广 27脚； 复合晶体管阵列 U2的 16脚接循环泵 1的继电器 控制电路， 其继电器控制电路包括继电器 J1和循环泵 1的插座 Zl， 所述继电器 J1的线圈接在复合晶体管阵列 U2的 16脚和 +5V之间，继电器 J1的常开触点 J1-1 说 明 书 接在插座 Z1的 3脚和 5脚之间， 插座 Z1的 2脚和 3脚相连接， 插座 Z1的 1脚 和 4脚相连接，连接后的两脚接 220V交流电；所述插座 Z2的 2~7脚依次接复合 晶体管阵列 U2的 15~10脚， 插座 Z2的 1脚接 +24V; 复合晶体管阵列 112的8脚 接地， 复合晶体管阵列 U2的 9脚接 +5V。
[0015] 所述 A/D转换器由集成块 U6及其外围元器件晶振 Y2、 电容 C4~C8、 电阻 R4~R5、 插座 Z3组成； 所述压力传感器 9接在插座 Z3的 1脚和 4脚之间； 所述集成块 U6的 1脚接单片机 U4的 1脚， 集成块 U6的 14~12脚分别对应接单 片机 U4的 13脚、 3脚、 2脚， 集成块 U6的 5脚接 +5V; 所述插座 Z3的 2~3脚分 别接集成块 U6的 7~8脚， 插座 Z3的 1脚接 +5V， 4脚接地； 所述晶振 Y2和电容 C4~C5组成的晶振电路接在集成块 U6的 2脚和 3脚之间； 电容 C6接在 +5V电源 和地之间， 电阻 R4~R5串联后接在 +5V电源和地之间， 集成块 U6的 9脚接在 R4 和 R5的节点上， 电容 C7~C8并联后接在 R4和 R5的节点与地之间， 集成块 U6 的 10脚接地。
[0016] 所述通信模块由蓝牙模块 U1、USB模块 U5和双刀双掷开关 S1组成； 所述双刀双掷开关 S1的 2个静触点接单片机 U4的 10脚、 11脚， 双刀双掷开关 S1的动臂选择性接入蓝牙模块 U1或 USB模块 U5的 2~3脚；所述蓝牙模块 U1和 USB模块 U5的 1脚均接 +5V， 其 4脚均接地。
[0017]
在实施例中，所述复合晶体管阵列 U2的型号为 ULN2003A (16) ;所述液晶模块 U3 的型号为 SMG12864; 所述单片机 U4的型号为 AT89c51 ; 所述集成块 U6的型号 为 AD7705; 所述蓝牙集成块 U1的型号为 GC-04; 所述 USB集成块 U5的型号为 ZF-23V4. 0。
[0018] 本发明的工作原理如下：
1 )油缸注油： 循环电磁阀 2、进油电磁阀 4、 出气电磁阀 5为常闭电磁阀， 此时 上电打开， 回油电磁阀 7和出油电磁阀 8为常开电磁阀， 此时上电关闭， 然后循 环泵 1上电， 外置空白油样流经进油电磁阀 4、循环电磁阀 2后由循环泵 1抽送 至油缸 6, 随着上部空白油的加入， 为平衡油缸 6上下压力， 活塞将向下缓慢运 动， 油缸内压力超过设定的恒压值时， 油缸 6下部多余气体通过出气电磁阀 5 排至外界， 直至注油体积达到所需要值， 所有电磁阀断电， 循环泵断电。 说 明 书
[0019] 2 ) 油缸取油： 出油电磁阀 8此时不上电常开， 其他电磁阀不上电关闭， 外接取油设备 11时， 一般不伴随回油流程， 标准油从活塞杆通孔经出油电磁阀 8流至取油设备 11后不回油， 故回油电磁阀 7此时上电关闭， 随着油缸 6油样 减少，油缸 6内部压力将变小，降至设定的恒压值以下时进气电磁阀 3上电打开, 压缩空气源对油缸 6下部充气， 推动活塞上移保证油腔内部的压力恒定。
[0020] 3 )油缸回油： 油样经过在线检测设备后通过依次装有回油电磁阀 7和第 一三通 20的管道流回油腔， 回油电磁阀 7和出油电磁阀 8此时不上电打开， 其 他电磁阀不上电关闭， 随着上部油样增多， 油缸 6内部压力变大， 超过设定的恒 压值时， 出气电磁阀 5上电， 把油缸 6下部的压缩空气排出一部分， 活塞下降， 降低油腔内部的压力， 保证油腔内部的压力恒定。
[0021] 所述压力控制器 17与装有控制软件的上位机通过蓝牙或 USB相连接,在 所述装有控制软件的上位机中设定恒压值， 将设定的恒压值发送给压力控制器 17。油缸 6的活塞以下进气、活塞以上进油， 活塞上下的油、气压力最终保持平 衡，油缸 6上部油压通过下部空气推动活塞上下运动控制，进气电磁阀 3打开时, 压缩空气源 16从油缸 6下部进气口 14充气，下部压力增大使活塞向上运动，从 而减小油缸 6上部空间以增大上部压力； 当出气电磁阀 5打开时， 空气从油缸 6 下部出气口 13排出， 下部压力减小使活塞向下运动， 从而增大油缸 6上部空间 以减小上部压力。 压力控制器 17根据压力传感器 9的反馈值， 判断油缸 6内部 压力是否在设定值，从而调节控制进气电磁阀 3和出气电磁阀 5的开闭，完成压 力调节和稳定压力的功能。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统， 其包括循环泵（1 )、循环电磁阀（2)、进 油电磁阀（4)、 回油电磁阀（7)、 油缸（6)和出油电磁阀（8); 其特征在于它还包括进气电 磁阀 （3)、 出气电磁阀 （5)、 压力传感器（9)、 压缩空气源（16) 以及压力控制器（17); 所述油缸（6)上部为带有进油孔（18) 的油腔， 其下部为设有出气口 （13)和进气口 （14) 的气腔；在油缸（6)的活塞杆的轴线位置设有通孔；在所述气腔的底部安装有压力传感器（9); 所述压缩空气源（16)通过装有进气电磁阀（3) 的管道与进气口 （14)相连通， 所述出气口
( 13)与装有出气电磁阀 （5) 的管道相连通；
活塞杆下端的出油孔（19)通过依次装有出油电磁阀 （8)、 第二三通（21 )和四通（15 ) 的 管道与取油设备（11 )相连通， 所述四通（15) 的下端口通过装有进油电磁阀（4) 的管道与 油箱（10)相连通， 所述四通（15) 的上端口通过管道与在线监测设备（12) 的进油口相连 通， 所述在线监测设备（12) 的出油口与油缸（6)上部的进油孔（18)之间通过依次装有回 油电磁阀（7)、第一三通（20)的管道相连通；所述第一三通（20)的下端口和第二三通（21 ) 的上端口之间通过依次装有循环泵（1)、循环电磁阀（2)的管道相连通；所述压力控制器（17) 通过蓝牙或 USB模块与装有控制软件的上位机通信；
所述压力控制器（17)包括单片机控制电路、 I/O驱动电路、 A/D转换器、 液晶显示电路、通 信模块； 所述 A/D转换器的输出端接单片机控制电路的相应输入端， 所述单片机控制电路的 相应输出端分别接 I/O驱动电路和液晶显示电路的输入端； 所述通信模块与单片机控制电路 双向连接； 所述 A/D转换器的相应输入端压力传感器（9)的输出端， 所述 I/O驱动电路的输 出端分别控制循环泵（1 )、 循环电磁阀 （2)、 出气电磁阀 （3)、 进油电磁阀 （4)、 进气电磁 阀 （5)、 回油电磁阀 （7) 以及出油电磁阀 （8) 的通断；
所述回油电磁阀（7)、出油电磁阀（8)为常开电磁阀，所述循环电磁阀（2)、进气电磁阀（3)、 进油电磁阀 （4)和出气电磁阀 （5) 为常闭电磁阀。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统，其特征在于所述单 片机控制电路由单片机 U4及其外围元器件晶振 Yl、 电容 C1~C3、 电阻 Rl、 排阻 RP1组成； 所述晶振 Y1和电容 C1~C2组成的晶振电路接在单片机 U4的 18和 19脚之间；电容 C3和电阻 R1串联后接在 +5V电源和地之间，单片机 U4的 9脚接在电容 C3和电阻 R1的节点上，组成自 动复位电路； 单片机 U4的 32~39脚依次接排阻 RP1的 9~2脚， 单片机 U4的 40脚和排阻 RP1 的 1脚均接 +5V， 单片机 U4的 20脚接地。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统，其特征在于所述液 晶显示电路由液晶模块 U3及其外围元器件电阻 R2、 滑动变电阻 R3组成； 所述电阻 R2和滑 权 利 要 求 书
动变电阻 R3串联后接在液晶模块 U3的 18~19脚之间， 液晶模块 U3的 3脚接滑动变阻器 R3 的滑动端， 液晶模块 U3的 7~14脚依次接单片机 U4的 39~32脚， 液晶模块 U3的 2脚接 +5V， 液晶模块 U3的 1脚和 20脚接地。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统， 其特征在于所述 I/O驱动电路由复合晶体管阵列 U2及其外围元器件继电器 Jl、插座 Z1~Z2组成；所述循环泵
( 1 )接在插座 Z1的 1脚和 5脚之间， 所述循环电磁阀 （2)、 进气电磁阀 （3)、 进油电磁阀 (4)、 出气电磁阀（5)、 回油电磁阀（7)和出油电磁阀（8)分别对应接在插座 Z2的 2~7脚 和 1脚之间， 所述复合晶体管阵列 U2的广 7脚依次接单片机 U4的 2广 27脚； 复合晶体管阵 列 U2的 16脚接循环泵（1 ) 的继电器控制电路， 其继电器控制电路包括继电器 J1和循环泵 ( 1 ) 的插座 Z1 , 所述继电器 J1的线圈接在复合晶体管阵列 U2的 16脚和 +5V之间， 继电器 J1的常开触点 J1-1接在插座 Z1的 3脚和 5脚之间， 插座 Z1的 2脚和 3脚相连接， 插座 Z1 的 1脚和 4脚相连接， 连接后的两脚接 220V交流电； 所述插座 Z2的 2~7脚依次接复合晶体 管阵列 U2的 15~10脚， 插座 Z2的 1脚接 +24V; 复合晶体管阵列 U2的 8脚接地， 复合晶体管 阵列 U2的 9脚接 +5V。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统， 其特征在于所述 A/D转换器由集成块 U6及其外围元器件晶振 Y2、 电容 C4~C8、 电阻 R4~R5、插座 Z3组成； 所 述压力传感器（9)接在插座 Z3的 1脚和 4脚之间； 所述集成块 U6的 1脚接单片机 U4的 1 脚，集成块 U6的 14~12脚分别对应接单片机 U4的 13脚、 3脚、 2脚，集成块 U6的 5脚接 +5V; 所述插座 Z3的 2~3脚分别接集成块 U6的 7~8脚， 插座 Z3的 1脚接 +5V， 4脚接地； 所述晶 振 Y2和电容 C4~C5组成的晶振电路接在集成块 U6的 2脚和 3脚之间； 电容 C6接在 +5V电源 和地之间， 电阻 R4~R5串联后接在 +5V电源和地之间， 集成块 U6的 9脚接在 R4和 R5的节点 上， 电容 C7~C8并联后接在 R4和 R5的节点与地之间， 集成块 U6的 10脚接地。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统，其特征在于所述通 信模块由蓝牙模块 Ul、 USB模块 U5和双刀双掷开关 S1组成；所述双刀双掷开关 S1的 2个静 触点接单片机 U4的 10脚、 11脚， 双刀双掷开关 S1的动臂选择性接入蓝牙模块 U1或 USB模 块 U5的 2~3脚； 所述蓝牙模块 U1和 USB模块 U5的 1脚均接 +5V, 其 4脚均接地。
PCT/CN2014/074151 2013-03-27 2014-03-27 一种用于模拟变电设备绝缘油的压力控制系统 Ceased WO2014154149A1 (zh)

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