WO2014153842A1 - 一种桑提取物、生产方法及其用途 - Google Patents
一种桑提取物、生产方法及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014153842A1 WO2014153842A1 PCT/CN2013/076907 CN2013076907W WO2014153842A1 WO 2014153842 A1 WO2014153842 A1 WO 2014153842A1 CN 2013076907 W CN2013076907 W CN 2013076907W WO 2014153842 A1 WO2014153842 A1 WO 2014153842A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mulberry extract
- mulberry
- leaves
- production method
- nanofiltration
- Prior art date
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- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
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- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract 6
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- LXBIFEVIBLOUGU-JGWLITMVSA-N duvoglustat Chemical compound OC[C@H]1NC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O LXBIFEVIBLOUGU-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/60—Moraceae (Mulberry family), e.g. breadfruit or fig
- A61K36/605—Morus (mulberry)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
Definitions
- the invention relates to an extraction process, in particular to a technical field of extracting mulberry extract by using mulberry leaves, buds and roots. Background technique
- Mulberry extract the most common is the mulberry leaf extract, and the use of parts other than mulberry leaves is rare.
- the mulberry leaf extract contains various physiologically active substances such as mulberry leaf flavonoids, mulberry leaf polyphenols, mulberry leaf polysaccharides, DNJ, GABA, etc., for preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity and anti-aging.
- the extract is usually made from the mulberry leaf powder processed by the first to third new leaves on the mulberry tree branches in the late spring or early frosting, dried and pulverized, and then immersed with n-butanol, 90% ethanol and water, respectively. Spray dried. The extraction rate using organic solvents is not high and the process is complicated. Summary of the invention
- the invention provides a method for extracting mulberry extract with simple process and high extraction rate, and can fully utilize various parts of the mulberry tree.
- the present invention provides a mulberry extract characterized by extracting from mulberry leaves, buds and roots, the main components of which are 1-deoxynojirimycin, flavonoids, ⁇ -aminobutyric acid, plant alcohol and mulberry leaf polysaccharide.
- the invention also provides a method for producing mulberry extract, comprising the steps of: mixing mulberry leaves, buds and roots according to a weight ratio of 5:3:2, washing and pulverizing to a particle size of 2-3 mm, and then The water is boiled at a weight ratio of 1:5 for 5 to 8 minutes, then immersed in water at 60 ° C for 30 minutes, and heated to 90 ° C for 5 minutes to obtain a homogenate, followed by ultrafiltration and nanofiltration to prepare mulberry extract. .
- ultrafiltration is to use the above-mentioned homogenate in a roll-type ultrafiltration device capable of retaining substances with a molecular weight of 500 Dalton or more, and adopting cross-flow filtration under a pressure of 0.01-0.05 MPA.
- the fraction with a molecular weight below 500 Dalton was taken as the initial filtrate.
- the nanofiltration is carried out by subjecting the above-mentioned primary filtrate to a nanofiltration apparatus capable of retaining a molecular substance having a molecular weight of 100 Dalton or more, and performing a nanofiltration at a pressure of 0.01 to 0.15 MPA to recover a portion having a molecular weight of 100 Dalton or more.
- the invention also provides the use of mulberry extract, characterized in that mulberry extract is added to the tea leaves.
- the invention also provides a production method for adding mulberry extract to tea leaves, which comprises the following steps of tea picking, sun drying, hanging green, turning green, sieve green, fried green, glutinous rice, steamed bread, toasted, picking and packaging, and the characteristics thereof.
- the mulberry extract is sprayed uniformly in the tea leaves at a ratio of 10 g of mulberry extract per 100 g of tea leaves.
- a method for producing mulberry extract comprises the following steps: mixing mulberry leaves, buds and roots according to a weight ratio of 5:3:2, washing and pulverizing to a particle size of 2-3 mm, and then weighing with water The mixture is boiled for 1:8 min at a ratio of 1:5, and then immersed in water at 60 ° C for 30 min, and heated to 90 ° C for 5 min. After filtering and removing the slag, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration are sequentially carried out to prepare a mulberry extract.
- the specific implementation is as follows:
- Boil The pulverized material is put into a boiling tank, added with 5 times the weight of the material, boiled for 5 to 8 minutes, then immersed in 60 ° C water for 30 minutes, and heated to 90 ° C for 5 minutes;
- a mixed liquid is obtained.
- the ultrafiltration is carried out by using a cross-flow filtration at a pressure of 0.01-0.02 MPA in a roll ultrafiltration device capable of retaining a molecular weight of 500 or more.
- the liquid having a molecular weight below 500 is the primary filtrate;
- Nanofiltration is to carry out a nanofiltration in a nanofiltration device capable of retaining a molecular weight of 100 or more macromolecules at a pressure of 0.01-0.02 MPA to recover a filtrate having a molecular weight of 100 or more. Extract.
- the mulberry extract obtained by the above process is mainly 1-deoxynojirimycin, flavonoids, ⁇ -aminobutyric acid, phytosterol and mulberry leaf polysaccharide. These substances have good health and medicinal value.
- 1-deoxynojirimycin is a potent ex-glucosidase inhibitor, which is superior to acarbose in absorption; inhibits the conversion of sugar in human body, reduces the increase of fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose, and is superior to sulfonylureas.
- hypoglycemia and other side effects is much lower than other hypoglycemic drugs, and the safety is good; the use of this product can not change the normal diet structure.
- Plant alcohol has a strong anti-inflammatory effect on the human body, and has the functions of inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol by the human body, promoting the degradation and metabolism of cholesterol, and inhibiting the biosynthesis of cholesterol; for preventing and treating coronary atherosclerosis, It has obvious curative effect on treating ulcer, skin squamous cell carcinoma and cervical cancer; it can promote wound healing, make muscle hyperplasia, enhance capillary circulation, and also act as a preventive agent for gallstone formation. In addition, plant alcohol is also an important raw material for the production of body drugs and vitamin D3.
- ⁇ -aminobutyric acid is a strong neuroinhibitory amino acid with physiological effects of sedation, hypnosis, anticonvulsant and blood pressure lowering.
- GABA receptor is a chloride channel.
- the inhibition or excitability of GABA is dependent on the concentration of chloride ions inside and outside the cell membrane.
- GABA receptor When GABA receptor is activated, it leads to chloride ion.
- the open channel can increase the permeability of the cell membrane to chloride ions, causing chloride ions to flow into the nerve cells, causing hyperpolarization of the cell membrane and inhibiting the activation of the neuronal cells, thereby reducing the amount of animal movement.
- Flavonoids are mainly mulberry leaf flavonoids. They are a strong antioxidant that can effectively scavenge oxygen free radicals in the body. This ability to prevent oxidation is more than ten times that of vitamin E. This anti-oxidation can prevent cells. Degeneration, aging can also prevent cancer from happening.
- the obtained mulberry extract is liquid and can be directly used in the processing of tea leaves.
- the processing of tea is divided into tea picking, sun-dried, green, shake, sieved, fried green, glutinous, steamed, toasted, picked and packaged.
- the mulberry extract is taken per 100 grams. The proportion of 10 grams of mulberry extract sprayed on the tea leaves was evenly sprayed and mixed in the tea leaves.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种桑提取物、生产方法及其用途，主要是桑树叶、芽、根中有效成分的提取和利用。本发明提供桑提取物的生产方法，其包括下述步骤：将桑树叶、芽、根按照重量比 5:3:2 混合后，进行洗涤并粉碎至粒径为 2-3mm，然后与水按重量比 1:5 进行煮沸处理 5~8min，再在 60℃水中浸泡 30min，并加热到 90℃保温 5min，得到匀浆液后依次进行超滤、纳滤制成桑提取物。并利用该提取物生产一种茶叶，既具有保健价值，又可以强身健体。
Description
一种桑提取物、 生产方法及其用途 技术领域
本发明涉及提取工艺， 尤其涉及一种利用桑树叶、 芽、 根提取桑提取物的技术领域。 背景技术
桑提取物， 最常见是以桑叶提取物为多， 而利用桑树叶以外的部分提取的并不多见。 桑叶提取物中含有桑叶黄酮、 桑叶多酚、 桑叶多糖、 DNJ、 GABA等多种生理活性物质， 用于防治心脑血管病、 高脂血症、 糖尿病、 肥胖症和抗衰老。 该提取物常以春蚕后期或霜 降前桑树枝条上的第 1〜3位新叶加工的桑叶粉为原料， 阴干， 粉碎， 分别用正丁醇、 90% 乙醇和水加温浸提， 并喷雾干燥而得。 利用有机溶剂提取率不高， 工艺复杂。 发明内容
本发明提供一种工艺简单， 提取率高的提取桑提取物的方法， 并且可以充分利用桑树 的各个部分。
本发明提供一种桑提取物， 其特征在于通过桑树叶、 芽、 根提取， 其主要成分是 1- 脱氧野尻霉素、 黄酮类、 γ-氨基丁酸、 植物 醇和桑叶多糖。
本发明还提供一种桑提取物的生产方法， 包括下述步骤： 将桑树叶、 芽、 根按照重量 比 5:3:2混合后， 进行洗涤并粉碎至粒径为 2-3mm， 然后与水按重量比 1 :5进行煮沸处理 5〜8min， 再在 60°C水中浸泡 30min， 并加热到 90°C保温 5min， 得到匀浆液后依次进行超 滤、 纳滤制成桑提取物。 。
为更好的完善桑提取物的生产方法，超滤是将上述匀浆液在能截留分子量 500道尔顿 以上物质的卷式超滤装置内，在 0.01-0.05 MPA的压力下采用错流过滤，收取分子量在 500 道尔顿以下的部分作为初滤液。纳滤是将上述初滤液在能截留分子量为 100道尔顿以上大 分子物质的纳滤装置内， 在 0.01-0.15MPA的压力下进行一次纳滤， 收取分子量在 100道 尔顿以上的部分。
本发明还提供桑提取物的用途， 其特征在于是在茶叶中添加桑提取物。本发明还提供 一种茶叶中添加桑提取物的生产方法， 包括茶叶采摘、 晒青、 晾青、 摇青、 筛青、 炒青、 揉捻、 包捻、 焙干、 挑梗和包装， 其特征在于在进行揉捻工艺时， 将桑提取物按照每 100 克茶叶喷洒 10克桑提取物的比例， 均匀喷洒混合在茶叶中。 具体实施方式
为更好的说明本发明的桑提取物的生产方法， 及其用途， 用以下的具体实施方式来解 释：
一种桑提取物的生产方法， 依次包括下述步骤： 将桑树叶、 芽、 根按照重量比 5:3:2 混合后， 进行洗涤并粉碎至粒径为 2-3mm， 然后与水按重量比 1:5进行煮沸处理 5〜8min， 再在 60°C水中浸泡 30min， 并加热到 90°C保温 5min， 过滤去渣后， 依次进行超滤、 纳滤 而制成桑提取物。 具体实施如下：
1、 粉碎。 将处理后的物料 10 kg置于粉碎机内， 将物料粉碎至粒径 2-3mm;
2、 煮沸。将粉碎后的物料打入煮沸罐中， 加入物料重量 5倍的水， 煮沸处理 5〜8min， 再在 60°C水中浸泡 30min， 并加热到 90°C保温 5min;
3、 将上述液体过滤去渣后， 得到混合液， 超滤是将上述混合液在能截留分子量 500 以上物质的卷式超滤装置内，在 0.01-0.02 MPA的压力下采用错流过滤，收取分子量在 500 以下的液体为初滤液；
4、 纳滤是将上述初滤液在能截留分子量为 100 以上大分子物质的纳滤装置内， 在 0.01-0.02MPA的压力下进行一次纳滤，收取分子量在 100以上部分的滤液，即为桑提取物。
经过上述过程取得的桑提取物主要为 1-脱氧野尻霉素、 黄酮类、 γ-氨基丁酸、 植物甾 醇和桑叶多糖。 这些物质都具有很好的保健和药用价值。 1-脱氧野尻霉素属于强效 ex-葡萄 糖苷酶抑制剂， 吸收优于阿卡波糖； 抑制人体糖分的转化， 降低空腹血糖和餐后血糖的升 高优于磺脲类药物， 而发生低血糖和其它副作用的可能性大大低于其它降血糖药物， 安全 性好； 使用本品可以不改变正常的饮食结构。 植物 醇对人体具有较强的抗炎作用， 具有 能够抑制人体对胆固醇的吸收、 促进胆固醇的降解代谢、 抑制胆固醇的生化合成等作用； 用于预防治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化类的心脏病， 对治疗溃疡、 皮肤鳞癌、 宫颈癌等有明显的 疗效； 可促进伤口愈合， 使肌肉增生、增强毛细血管循环； 还可作为胆结石形成的阻止剂。 此外， 植物 醇还是重要的 体药物和维生素 D3 的生产原料。 γ-氨基丁酸属强神经抑制 性氨基酸， 具有镇静、 催眠、 抗惊厥、 降血压的生理作用。 它是抑制性神经递质 (Inhibitory Neurotransmitter), 可以抑制动物的活动， 减少能量的消耗。氨基丁酸作用于动物细胞中的 GABA受体， GABA受体是一个氯离子通道， GABA的抑制性或兴奋性是依赖于细胞膜内 外的氯离子浓度的， GABA受体被激活后， 导致氯离子通道开放， 能增加细胞膜对氯离子 通透性， 使氯离子流入神经细胞内， 引起细胞膜超极化， 抑制神经细胞元激动， 从而减少 动物的运动量。 黄酮类主要是桑叶黄酮， 是一种很强的抗氧剂， 可有效清除体内的氧自由 基， 这种阻止氧化的能力是维生素 E的十倍以上， 这种抗氧化作用可以阻止细胞的退化、 衰老， 也可阻止癌症的发生。
这些物质的分子量在 100-600之间， 采用膜技术可以有效的将这些物质从桑的混合液 中分离出来， 得到所需要的部分。 所得的桑提取物为液态， 可以直接用于茶叶的加工程序 中。 茶叶的加工分为茶叶采摘、 晒青、 瞭青、 摇青、 篩青、 炒青、 揉捻、 包捻、 焙干、 挑 梗和包装， 在进行揉捻工艺时， 将桑提取物按照每 100克茶叶喷洒 10克桑提取物的比例， 均匀喷洒混合在茶叶中。
Claims
1、 一种桑提取物， 其特征在于通过桑树叶、 芽、 根提取， 其主要成分为 1-脱氧野尻 霉素、 黄酮类、 γ-氨基丁酸、 植物 醇和桑叶多糖。
2、 一种权利要求 1所述的桑提取物的生产方法， 其特征是所述的方法依次包括下述 步骤： 将桑树叶、 芽、 根按照重量比 5:3:2混合后， 进行洗涤并粉碎至粒径为 2-3mm， 然 后与水按重量比 1 :5进行煮沸处理 5〜8min， 再在 60°C水中浸泡 30min， 并加热到 90°C保 温 5min， 得到匀浆液后依次进行超滤、 纳滤制成桑提取物。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的桑提取物的生产方法， 其特征是所述的超滤是将上述匀浆 液在能截留分子量 500道尔顿以上物质的卷式超滤装置内，在 0.01-0.05 MPA的压力下采 用错流过滤， 收取分子量在 500道尔顿以下的部分作为初滤液。
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的桑提取物的生产方法， 其特征是所述纳滤是将上述初滤液 在能截留分子量为 100道尔顿以上大分子物质的纳滤装置内， 在 0.01-0.15MPA的压力下 进行一次纳滤， 收取分子量在 100道尔顿以上的部分。
5、一种权利要求 1所述的桑提取物的用途，其特征在于在茶叶中添加所述桑提取物。
6、 一种茶叶中添加权利要求 1所述的桑提取物的生产方法， 包括茶叶采摘、 晒青、 晾青、 摇青、 筛青、 炒青、 揉捻、 包捻、 焙干、 挑梗和包装， 其特征在于在进行揉捻工艺 时， 将所述桑提取物按照每 100克茶叶喷洒 10克桑提取物的比例， 均匀喷洒混合在茶叶 中。
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