WO2014148212A1 - Sprセンサセルおよびsprセンサ - Google Patents
Sprセンサセルおよびsprセンサ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014148212A1 WO2014148212A1 PCT/JP2014/054623 JP2014054623W WO2014148212A1 WO 2014148212 A1 WO2014148212 A1 WO 2014148212A1 JP 2014054623 W JP2014054623 W JP 2014054623W WO 2014148212 A1 WO2014148212 A1 WO 2014148212A1
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- refractive index
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- uniform
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
- G01N21/552—Attenuated total reflection
- G01N21/553—Attenuated total reflection and using surface plasmons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/7703—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N2021/7769—Measurement method of reaction-produced change in sensor
- G01N2021/7776—Index
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
- G01N2201/063—Illuminating optical parts
- G01N2201/0638—Refractive parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/08—Optical fibres; light guides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an SPR sensor cell and an SPR sensor. More specifically, the present invention relates to an SPR sensor cell and an SPR sensor provided with an optical waveguide.
- SPR Surface Plasmon Resonance
- an SPR sensor including an optical fiber a metal thin film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion of the optical fiber, an analysis sample is fixed, and light is introduced into the optical fiber.
- light of a specific wavelength generates surface plasmon resonance in the metal thin film, and the light intensity is attenuated.
- the wavelength for generating surface plasmon resonance usually varies depending on the refractive index of the analysis sample fixed to the optical fiber.
- the wavelength at which the light intensity is attenuated after the occurrence of surface plasmon resonance is measured, the wavelength at which the surface plasmon resonance is generated can be identified, and if it is detected that the attenuation wavelength has changed, the surface plasmon resonance is detected. Since it can be confirmed that the wavelength to be generated has changed, the change in the refractive index of the analysis sample can be confirmed.
- an SPR sensor can be used for various chemical analysis and biochemical analysis such as measurement of sample concentration and detection of immune reaction.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide an SPR sensor cell and an SPR sensor having very excellent detection sensitivity.
- the refractive index gradient layer has a thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index (N CO ) of the refractive index uniform layer satisfies a relationship of 1.34 ⁇ N CO ⁇ 1.43.
- an SPR sensor is provided. This SPR sensor includes the SPR sensor cell described above.
- an SPR sensor cell and an SPR sensor excellent in signal intensity can be provided by continuously increasing the refractive index of the core layer toward the metal layer near the interface with the metal layer.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an SPR sensor cell according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the SPR sensor cell of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the optical waveguide film which can be used for the SPR sensor cell of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing explaining the SPR sensor by preferable embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an SPR sensor cell according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the SPR sensor cell shown in FIG.
- the upper side of the drawing is the upper side
- the lower side of the drawing is the lower side.
- the SPR sensor cell 100 is formed in a bottomed frame shape having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and includes an under cladding layer 11, a refractive index uniform layer 12a, and a refractive index gradient layer 12b.
- the under cladding layer 11, the core layer 12, the protective layer 13, and the metal layer 14 constitute an optical waveguide, and function as a detection unit 10 that detects the state of the sample and / or its change.
- the SPR sensor cell 100 includes a sample placement unit 20 provided so as to be adjacent to the detection unit 10.
- the sample placement portion 20 is defined by the over clad layer 15.
- the protective layer 13 may be omitted depending on the purpose.
- the over clad layer 15 may also be omitted as long as the sample placement portion 20 can be appropriately provided.
- a sample to be analyzed for example, a solution or a powder
- the detection unit substantially a metal layer
- the under-cladding layer 11 is formed in a substantially rectangular flat plate shape in plan view having a predetermined thickness.
- the thickness of the under cladding layer is, for example, 5 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index uniform layer 12a has a uniform refractive index.
- the refractive index (N CO ) of the refractive index uniform layer is preferably 1.43 or less, more preferably less than 1.40, and even more preferably 1.38 or less. By setting the refractive index of the uniform refractive index layer to 1.43 or less, the detection sensitivity can be significantly improved.
- the lower limit of the refractive index of the refractive index uniform layer is preferably 1.34. If the refractive index of the uniform refractive index layer is 1.34 or more, SPR can be excited even in an aqueous sample (water refractive index: 1.33), and a general-purpose material is used. be able to.
- the refractive index (N CO ) of the uniform refractive index layer 12 a is higher than the refractive index (N CL ) of the under cladding layer 11.
- the difference (N CO -N CL ) between the refractive index of the uniform refractive index layer and the refractive index of the under cladding layer is preferably 0.010 or more, more preferably 0.020 or more, and still more preferably 0.025 or more. It is. If the difference between the refractive index of the uniform refractive index layer and the refractive index of the under-cladding layer is within such a range, the optical waveguide of the detection unit can be set to a so-called multimode.
- the refractive index gradient layer 12b is equal to or higher than the refractive index of the uniform refractive index layer 12a, and has a refractive index that continuously increases from the refractive index uniform layer 12a side surface toward the metal layer 14 side in the thickness direction.
- Such a gradient refractive index layer is considered to have a function of introducing light into the uniform refractive index layer so that the amount of light in the uniform refractive index layer is increased. It is different.
- the refractive index gradient layer 12b preferably has a refractive index that continuously increases from the surface on the refractive index uniform layer 12a side to the surface on the metal layer 14 side in the thickness direction, but does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- the refractive index of the surface layer portion on the metal layer side may be substantially uniform.
- the thickness of the surface layer portion having such a substantially uniform refractive index is usually 20% or less of the thickness of the refractive index gradient layer, and may be, for example, 3 ⁇ m or less, preferably 2 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the minimum refractive index (N min ) of the refractive index gradient layer 12b is usually the refractive index at the surface on the refractive index uniform layer 12a side, and is equal to the refractive index of the uniform refractive index layer.
- the maximum refractive index (N max ) of the refractive index gradient layer is preferably a value that satisfies a refractive index change described later, and may be, for example, 1.341 to 1.465.
- the upper limit of the refractive index change is not particularly limited, but can be set to 0.035 from the viewpoint of ease of manufacture.
- the refractive index change rate (refractive index change ( ⁇ N) / thickness (Tb)) in the thickness direction when the thickness of the refractive index gradient layer 12b is Tb ( ⁇ m) is preferably 0.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 20 0.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 , more preferably 0.8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 16.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 , and still more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 15.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 .
- the refractive index change rate ( ⁇ N / Tb) in the thickness direction is within such a range, the reflection angle of light propagating in the optical waveguide can be suitably changed to an angle advantageous for SPR excitation.
- the thickness (Tb) of the refractive index gradient layer 12b is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the thickness (Ta) of the refractive index uniform layer 12a is preferably equal to or greater than the thickness (Tb) of the refractive index gradient layer from the viewpoint of increasing the core diameter and allowing a sufficient amount of light to enter the optical waveguide.
- Ta and Tb preferably satisfy the relationship 1 ⁇ Ta / Tb, more preferably satisfy the relationship 1.5 ⁇ Ta / Tb, and satisfy the relationship 3 ⁇ Ta / Tb ⁇ 50. More preferably.
- the thickness (Ta) of the refractive index uniform layer can be, for example, 4 ⁇ m to 199 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the core layer 12 (the total thickness of the uniform refractive index layer and the refractive index gradient layer) is, for example, 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the width of the core layer is, for example, 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m. With such a thickness and / or width, the optical waveguide can be a so-called multimode.
- any appropriate material can be used as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained.
- specific examples include fluororesins, epoxy resins, polyimide resins, polyamide resins, silicone resins, acrylic resins, and modified products thereof (for example, fluorene-modified products, deuterium-modified products, and fluorine-modified products in cases other than fluorine resins) ). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. These can be used as a photosensitive material, preferably by blending a photosensitive agent.
- the under-cladding layer 11 can be formed of a material similar to the material forming the uniform refractive index layer and adjusted so that the refractive index is lower than that of the uniform refractive index layer.
- the refractive index gradient layer 12b can be formed using any appropriate material as long as the above refractive index can be obtained.
- the refractive index gradient layer has a refractive index from the surface of the metal layer side of the refractive index uniform layer formed in advance so that a composition gradient occurs in the thickness direction (that is, the composition changes continuously). It can be formed by impregnating a material having a higher refractive index than the uniform layer and fixing the gradient.
- the refractive index gradient layer can be formed by using the same material as the refractive index uniform layer forming material and generating a crosslink density gradient in the thickness direction thereof.
- the material soaked in the uniform refractive index layer may be any appropriate material as long as it has a higher refractive index than the uniform refractive index layer and can be cured by soaking in the uniform refractive index layer so as to produce a composition gradient.
- Materials are used.
- a material having a refractive index of 1.400 to 1.600 is preferable.
- Specific examples of such materials include polymerizable monomers such as (meth) acrylic monomers having a refractive index of 1.400 to 1.600.
- the protective layer 13 is formed as a thin film having the same shape as the under cladding layer 11 in plan view so as to cover all the upper surfaces of the under cladding layer 11 and the core layer 12 as necessary. Unlike the illustrated example, the protective layer may be formed so as to cover a part of the upper surfaces of the under cladding layer and the core layer.
- the protective layer for example, when the sample is in a liquid state, the core layer and / or the clad layer can be prevented from swelling due to the sample.
- the material for forming the protective layer include silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide. These materials can preferably be adjusted to have a refractive index lower than that of the core layer.
- the thickness of the protective layer is preferably 1 nm to 100 nm, more preferably 5 nm to 20 nm.
- the metal layer 14 is formed so as to uniformly cover the upper surface of the core layer 12 via the protective layer 13.
- an easy-adhesion layer (not shown) may be provided between the protective layer 13 and the metal layer 14 as necessary.
- the core layer may be directly covered with a metal layer without providing a protective layer.
- Examples of the material for forming the metal layer 14 include gold, silver, platinum, copper, aluminum, and alloys thereof.
- the metal layer may be a single layer or may have a laminated structure of two or more layers.
- the thickness of the metal layer (the total thickness of all layers in the case of a laminated structure) is preferably 20 nm to 70 nm, more preferably 30 nm to 60 nm.
- the easy-adhesion layer chrome or titanium is typically mentioned.
- the thickness of the easy adhesion layer is preferably 1 nm to 5 nm.
- the over clad layer 15 has an outer periphery substantially the same as that of the under clad layer 11 in plan view on the upper surfaces of the under clad layer 11 and the core layer 12 (the upper surface of the protective layer 13 in the illustrated example). It is formed in a rectangular frame shape in plan view so as to be the same. A portion surrounded by the upper surface of the under-cladding layer 11 and the core layer 12 (the upper surface of the protective layer 13 in the illustrated example) and the over-cladding layer 15 is partitioned as a sample placement portion 20. By arranging the sample in the section, the metal layer of the detection unit 10 and the sample come into contact with each other, and detection is possible. Furthermore, by forming such a partition, the sample can be easily placed on the surface of the metal layer, so that workability can be improved.
- Examples of the material for forming the over clad layer 15 include a material for forming the core layer and the under clad layer, and silicone rubber.
- the thickness of the over cladding layer is preferably 5 ⁇ m to 2000 ⁇ m, more preferably 25 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index of the overcladding layer is preferably lower than the refractive index of the core layer. In one embodiment, the refractive index of the overclad layer is equivalent to the refractive index of the underclad layer.
- the refractive index of the over clad layer does not necessarily have to be lower than the refractive index of the core layer.
- the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the core layer in the relationship between the core layer and the under cladding layer, it is sufficient that at least a part of the core layer is provided adjacent to the under cladding layer.
- the configuration in which the core layer is embedded in the under cladding layer has been described.
- the core layer may be provided so as to penetrate the under cladding layer.
- the number of core layers in the SPR sensor may be changed according to the purpose. Specifically, a plurality of core layers may be formed at a predetermined interval in the width direction of the under cladding layer. With such a configuration, since a plurality of samples can be analyzed simultaneously, the analysis efficiency can be improved.
- shape of the core layer any appropriate shape (for example, a semi-cylindrical shape or a convex column shape) can be adopted depending on the purpose.
- each of the refractive index uniform layer and the refractive index gradient layer does not need to have a strictly uniform thickness, and may have a non-uniform thickness, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the maximum thickness in each layer is adopted as the thickness of the refractive index uniform layer and the refractive index gradient layer.
- a lid may be provided on the SPR sensor cell 100 (sample placement unit 20).
- the sample can be prevented from coming into contact with the outside air. Further, when the sample is a solution, a change in concentration due to evaporation of the solvent can be prevented.
- an inlet for injecting the liquid sample into the sample placement portion and a discharge port for discharging from the sample placement portion may be provided. With such a configuration, the sample can be flowed and continuously supplied to the sample placement unit, so that the characteristics of the sample can be continuously measured.
- the SPR sensor cell of the present invention can be manufactured by any suitable method. Below, an example of the manufacturing method of the SPR sensor cell of this invention is demonstrated, referring FIG.
- an optical waveguide film having a core layer (refractive index uniform layer 12a) embedded in the under cladding layer 11 as shown in FIG. 4A is produced by any appropriate method.
- a method for producing such an optical waveguide film include the method shown in FIG. 5 and the method described in FIG. 3 of JP2012-215541A.
- a material 12a 'for forming a uniform refractive index layer is disposed on the surface of the mold 30 having a recess corresponding to the shape of the core layer.
- the transfer film 40 is bonded to the surface of the mold 30 while being pressed by the pressing means 50 in a predetermined direction, and the concave portion is filled with the refractive index uniform layer forming material 12a ′.
- the excessive refractive index uniform layer forming material 12a ′ is removed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG.
- the refractive index uniform layer forming material 12a 'filled in the recesses is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and the material is cured to form the uniform refractive index layer 12a.
- the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet rays can be appropriately set according to the type of the refractive index uniform layer forming material.
- the refractive index uniform layer forming material may be heated. Heating may be performed before ultraviolet irradiation, may be performed after ultraviolet irradiation, or may be performed in combination with ultraviolet irradiation. The heating conditions can be appropriately set according to the type of the refractive index uniform layer forming material.
- the transfer film 40 is peeled from the mold 30, and the refractive index uniform layer 12 a is transferred onto the transfer film 40.
- a material 11 'for forming the under cladding layer is applied so as to cover the uniform refractive index layer 12a.
- the under cladding layer forming material 11 ′ is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, and the material is cured to form the under cladding layer 11.
- the ultraviolet irradiation conditions can be appropriately set according to the type of the under cladding layer forming material.
- the transfer film 40 is peeled and removed, and turned upside down to obtain an optical waveguide film having the uniform refractive index layer 12 a embedded in the under cladding layer 11.
- a material 12b 'having a higher refractive index than that of the refractive index uniform layer is applied to the upper surface (exposed surface) of the refractive index uniform layer 12a of the optical waveguide film.
- the applied high refractive index material 12b 'soaks into the surface of the uniform refractive index layer 12a, whereby a composition gradient (resulting refractive index gradient) can be formed in the thickness direction.
- the release film 70 is bonded to the upper surface of the under clad layer 11 while being pressed by the pressing means 50 in a predetermined direction, Excess high refractive index material 12b 'is removed.
- the ease of penetration varies depending on the type of high refractive index material, in general, by increasing the time from application to removal of the high refractive index material (hereinafter referred to as “penetration time”), the amount of penetration is reduced. It tends to increase. Therefore, the thickness of the refractive index uniform layer and the refractive index gradient layer can be adjusted by adjusting the permeation time.
- the penetration time is, for example, 5 seconds to 120 minutes, preferably 10 seconds to 60 minutes. In addition, you may make it soaked, heating as needed.
- the heating temperature is, for example, 40 ° C. to 100 ° C.
- ultraviolet rays are irradiated from the release film 70 side to cure the high refractive index material 12b ′ to form the refractive index gradient layer 12b (specifically, the refractive index uniform layer).
- the region in which the high refractive index material 12b ′ is immersed becomes the refractive index gradient layer 12b).
- the irradiation condition of ultraviolet rays can be appropriately set according to the type of high refractive index material.
- the protective layer is formed, for example, by sputtering or evaporating a material for forming the protective layer.
- an easy adhesion layer (not shown) on the protective layer.
- the easy adhesion layer is formed, for example, by sputtering chromium or titanium.
- the metal layer is formed so as to cover the core layer 12 on the protective layer 13 (when the protective layer is not formed, the upper surface of the core layer and the under cladding layer). 14 is formed.
- the metal layer 14 is formed, for example, by vacuum deposition, ion plating or sputtering of a material for forming the metal layer through a mask having a predetermined pattern.
- the over cladding layer 15 having the predetermined frame shape is formed.
- the over clad layer 15 can be formed by any appropriate method.
- the over clad layer 15 is formed by placing a mold having the predetermined frame shape on the protective layer 13, filling the mold with a varnish of an over clad layer forming material, drying, and curing as necessary. Finally, it can be formed by removing the template.
- the over clad layer 15 can be formed by applying varnish to the entire surface of the protective layer 13, drying, and exposing and developing through a photomask having a predetermined pattern.
- the SPR sensor cell shown in FIG. 1 can be manufactured.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an SPR sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the SPR sensor 200 includes an SPR sensor cell 100, a light source 110, and an optical measuring instrument 120.
- the SPR sensor cell 100 is the SPR sensor of the present invention described in the above items A and B.
- the optical measuring instrument 120 is connected to any appropriate arithmetic processing device, and can store, display and process data.
- the light source 110 is connected to the light source side optical fiber 112 via the light source side optical connector 111.
- the light source side optical fiber 112 is connected to one end portion in the propagation direction of the SPR sensor cell 100 (core layer 12) through the light source side fiber block 113.
- a measuring instrument side optical fiber 115 is connected to the other end portion in the propagation direction of the SPR sensor cell 100 (core layer 12) via a measuring instrument side fiber block 114.
- the measuring instrument side optical fiber 115 is connected to the optical measuring instrument 120 via the measuring instrument side optical connector 116. It is preferable to connect with a multimode optical fiber capable of propagating light having a reflection angle capable of SPR excitation into the optical waveguide.
- the SPR sensor cell 100 is fixed by any appropriate sensor cell fixing device (not shown).
- the sensor cell fixing device is movable along a predetermined direction (for example, the width direction of the SPR sensor cell), and thereby, the SPR sensor cell can be arranged at a desired position.
- the light source side optical fiber 112 is fixed by a light source side optical fiber fixing device 131, and the measuring instrument side optical fiber 115 is fixed by a measuring instrument side optical fiber fixing device 132.
- the light source side optical fiber fixing device 131 and the measuring instrument side optical fiber fixing device 132 are respectively fixed on any appropriate six-axis moving stage (not shown), and the propagation direction and width direction of the optical fiber ( It is movable in a propagation direction and a direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction) and a thickness direction (a direction orthogonal to the propagation direction in the vertical direction) and a rotation direction around each of these directions.
- the light source 110, the light source side optical fiber 112, the SPR sensor cell 100 (core layer 12), the measuring instrument side optical fiber 115, and the optical measuring instrument 120 can be arranged on one axis, Light can be introduced from the light source 110 to be transmitted.
- the sample is placed in the sample placement portion 20 of the SPR sensor cell 100, and the sample and the metal layer 14 are brought into contact with each other.
- predetermined light from the light source 110 is introduced into the SPR sensor cell 100 (core layer 12) via the light source side optical fiber 112 (see arrow L1 in FIG. 6).
- the light introduced into the SPR sensor cell 100 (core layer 12) repeats total reflection while changing the reflection angle by the refractive index gradient layer 12b in the core layer 12, and transmits through the SPR sensor cell 100 (core layer 12). Some light enters the metal layer 14 on the upper surface of the core layer 12 and is attenuated by surface plasmon resonance.
- the light transmitted through the SPR sensor cell 100 is introduced into the optical measuring instrument 120 through the measuring instrument side optical fiber 115 (see arrow L2 in FIG. 6). That is, in the SPR sensor 200, the light intensity of the light introduced into the optical measuring instrument 120 is attenuated at the wavelength at which the surface plasmon resonance is generated in the core layer 12. Since the wavelength for generating surface plasmon resonance depends on the refractive index of the sample in contact with the metal layer 14, the attenuation of the light intensity of the light introduced into the optical measuring instrument 120 is detected to detect the refractive index of the sample. Changes can be detected.
- the optical measuring instrument 120 measures the wavelength at which the light intensity attenuates after transmission through the SPR sensor cell 100 (the wavelength that generates surface plasmon resonance), and the attenuation wavelength changes. If this is detected, a change in the refractive index of the sample can be confirmed.
- the optical measuring instrument 120 measures the change (degree of attenuation) of the monochromatic light after passing through the SPR sensor cell 100, and the degree of attenuation changes. If it is detected, it can be confirmed that the wavelength for generating surface plasmon resonance has changed, and the change in the refractive index of the sample can be confirmed.
- such an SPR sensor cell can be used for various chemical analysis and biochemical analysis such as measurement of sample concentration and detection of immune reaction based on the change in the refractive index of the sample. More specifically, for example, when the sample is a solution, the refractive index of the sample (solution) depends on the concentration of the solution. Therefore, if the refractive index of the sample is detected, the concentration of the sample is measured. Can do. Furthermore, if it is detected that the refractive index of the sample has changed, it can be confirmed that the concentration of the sample has changed. For example, in detecting an immune reaction, an antibody is immobilized on the metal layer 14 of the SPR sensor cell 100 via a dielectric film, and a specimen is brought into contact with the antibody.
- the refractive index of the sample changes when the antibody and the specimen are immunoreacted, it is possible to determine that the antibody and the specimen have immunoreacted by detecting the change in the refractive index of the sample before and after contact between the antibody and the specimen. it can.
- the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
- the measurement wavelength of the refractive index is 830 nm unless otherwise specified.
- the refractive index was measured at a wavelength of 830 nm using a prism coupler type refractive index measuring device after forming a 10 ⁇ m thick film on a silicon wafer.
- the change in refractive index having a gradient was measured using a refractive index distribution measuring device manufactured by Mizoji Optical Corporation. Specifically, a measurement sample (thickness: about 50 ⁇ m, width: 200 mm) cut with a dicer (manufactured by DISCO) so that the length of the optical waveguide becomes 100 ⁇ m was placed on a slide glass, and its cross section was measured. . In order to reduce the measurement error due to the surface roughness of the cut section, pure water was dropped on the sample, and a cover glass was placed on the top to smooth the interference fringes. The analytical resolution for measuring the refractive index was 0.214 ⁇ 0.214 ⁇ m. The refractive index distribution in the measurement region can be obtained from the measured shift amount of the interference fringes.
- the light intensity distribution in the core layer was measured using a beam pattern measurement system (M-Scope type L, manufactured by Synergy Opto Systems). Specifically, light from a halogen light source (trade name “HL-2000-HP” manufactured by Ocean Optics, white light) is incident on the core layer of the SPR sensor cell through a graded multimode fiber ( ⁇ 50 ⁇ m). The light intensity distribution in the core layer was measured by a beam pattern measurement system introduced into the side end face and connected to the exit side of the core layer. Next, the thickness of the refractive index gradient layer was calculated based on the measured value of the light intensity distribution.
- M-Scope type L manufactured by Synergy Opto Systems
- Example 1 An optical waveguide film having a core layer (refractive index uniform layer) embedded in the undercladding layer was produced by the method shown in FIG. Specifically, the refractive index uniform layer forming material was dropped on the surface of a mold (length 200 mm, width 200 mm) having a concave portion for forming a core layer having a width of 50 ⁇ m and a thickness (depth) of 50 ⁇ m on the surface.
- a mold length 200 mm, width 200 mm
- One end of the corona-treated surface of a polypropylene (PP) film (thickness: 40 ⁇ m) having a corona-treated one surface was brought into contact with the surface of the mold, and the other end was warped.
- PP polypropylene
- the roller was rotated toward the other end side while pressing the roller from the PP film side against the contact portion between the mold and the PP film, and the two were bonded together.
- the concave portion of the mold was filled with the uniform refractive index layer forming material, and the extra uniform refractive index layer forming material was extruded.
- the obtained laminate was irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the PP film side, and the uniform refractive index layer forming material was completely cured to form a uniform refractive index layer (refractive index: 1.384).
- the material for forming a uniform refractive index layer is 60 parts by weight of a fluorine-based UV curable resin (manufactured by DIC, trade name “OP38Z”) and 40 parts by weight of a fluorine-based UV curable resin (trade name “OP40Z”, manufactured by DIC) Part was prepared by stirring and dissolving. Next, the PP film was peeled off from the mold, and a substantially prismatic refractive index uniform layer having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m and a width of 50 ⁇ m was transferred onto the film.
- a fluorine-based UV curable resin manufactured by DIC, trade name “OP38Z”
- a fluorine-based UV curable resin trade name “OP40Z”
- the under-cladding layer forming material fluorine UV curable resin (trade name “Fluorolink MD700” manufactured by Solvay Specialty Polymer Japan)) was applied on the PP film so as to cover the uniform refractive index layer. At this time, coating was performed so that the thickness from the surface (upper surface) of the refractive index uniform layer was 100 ⁇ m. Next, ultraviolet rays were applied to cure the undercladding layer forming material to form an undercladding layer (refractive index: 1.347). Thereafter, the PP film was peeled and removed, and the under clad layer and the core layer (refractive index uniform layer) were turned upside down. Thus, an optical waveguide film having a core layer (refractive index uniform layer) embedded in the under cladding layer was produced.
- fluorine UV curable resin trade name “Fluorolink MD700” manufactured by Solvay Specialty Polymer Japan
- an SPR sensor cell was produced by a method similar to the method shown in FIG. Specifically, n-butyl acrylate (refractive index: 1.456) as a high refractive index material was applied to the exposed surface of the core layer (uniform refractive index layer) of the optical waveguide film. Immediately after application, one end of the release-treated surface of the peel-treated PET film (thickness: 45 ⁇ m) was brought into contact with the upper surface of the optical waveguide film, and the other end was warped. In this state, the roller was rotated toward the other end side while pressing the roller from the PET film side against these contact portions, and both were bonded together.
- n-butyl acrylate reffractive index: 1.456
- the release-treated surface of the peel-treated PET film thinness: 45 ⁇ m
- the high refractive index material was immersed in the core layer (uniform refractive index layer), and excess high refractive index material was extruded (penetration time: about 5 seconds). Subsequently, the obtained laminate was irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the PET film side, and the high refractive index material was cured to form a refractive index gradient layer. Thereafter, the PET film was peeled off.
- the optical waveguide film was diced and cut to a length of 22.25 mm ⁇ width 20 mm, and then gold was sputtered so as to cover the core layer through a mask having an opening of length 6 mm ⁇ width 1 mm. (Thickness: 30 nm).
- a frame-shaped overclad layer was formed in the same manner as the underclad layer was formed using the same material as the underclad layer forming material. In this way, an SPR sensor cell similar to the SPR sensor cell shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was produced except that the protective layer was not provided.
- halogen light source Ocean Optics, product name “HL-2000-HP”, white light
- spectroscope Ocean Optics, product name “USB4000”.
- FIG. a halogen light source (manufactured by Ocean Optics, Inc., product) via a graded multimode fiber ( ⁇ 50 ⁇ m / 125 ⁇ m) so that light from the light source is introduced into the incident side end face of the core layer of the SPR sensor cell.
- HL-2000-HP white light
- a spectrometer trade name “USB4000” manufactured by Ocean Optics
- Measurement was performed by introducing 40 ⁇ L of pure water (refractive index: 1.330) or 10 vol% ethylene glycol aqueous solution (refractive index: 1.3436) as a sample into the sample placement portion of the SPR sensor cell.
- the transmittance spectrum of each sample is obtained when the light intensity of each wavelength when the light is transmitted through the SPR sensor cell (optical waveguide) without setting the sample is 100%, and the peak intensity when measuring pure water
- the amount of change in peak intensity was measured at a specific wavelength at which the difference in transmittance intensity was most different between when measuring pure water and when measuring an aqueous ethylene glycol solution.
- the peak intensity is large means that the SPR peak intensity is large, and the larger the peak intensity change is, the higher the detection sensitivity is.
- Example 2 An SPR sensor cell and an SPR sensor were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (refractive index: 1.411) was used as the high refractive index material. The obtained SPR sensor was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 An SPR sensor cell and an SPR sensor were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2-phenoxyethyl methacrylate (refractive index: 1.512) was used as the high refractive index material. The obtained SPR sensor was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 An SPR sensor cell and an SPR were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (refractive index: 1.411) was used as the high refractive index material and that the permeation time was 3 minutes. A sensor was fabricated. The obtained SPR sensor was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 An SPR sensor cell and an SPR sensor were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2-phenoxyethyl methacrylate (refractive index: 1.512) was used as the high refractive index material and the permeation time was 3 minutes. The obtained SPR sensor was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 An SPR sensor cell and an SPR sensor were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the permeation time was 3 minutes. The obtained SPR sensor was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 An SPR sensor cell and an SPR sensor were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the permeation time was 5 minutes. The obtained SPR sensor was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 8 An SPR sensor cell and an SPR sensor were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the permeation time was 10 minutes. The obtained SPR sensor was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the SPR sensor cell of the example has a larger peak intensity change than the SPR sensor cell of the comparative example, and is excellent in sensitivity.
- the SPR sensor cell and SPR sensor of the present invention can be suitably used for various chemical analysis and biochemical analysis such as measurement of sample concentration and detection of immune reaction.
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Abstract
Description
好ましい実施形態において、上記屈折率勾配層の厚みが、1μm~30μmである。
好ましい実施形態において、上記屈折率勾配層における屈折率変化(ΔN=Nmax-Nmin:ただし、Nmaxは屈折率勾配層における最大屈折率を表し、Nminは屈折率勾配層における最小屈折率を表す)が、0.001~0.035である。
好ましい実施形態において、上記屈折率勾配層の厚み(Tb(μm))と屈折率変化(ΔN=Nmax-Nmin:ただし、Nmaxは屈折率勾配層における最大屈折率を表し、Nminは屈折率勾配層における最小屈折率を表す)とが、0.5×10-3≦ΔN/Tb≦20.0×10-3の関係を満たす。
好ましい実施形態において、上記屈折率均一層の屈折率(NCO)が、1.34≦NCO≦1.43の関係を満たす。
本発明の別の局面によれば、SPRセンサが提供される。このSPRセンサは、上記のSPRセンサセルを備える。
図1は、本発明の好ましい実施形態によるSPRセンサセルを説明する概略斜視図である。図2は、図1に示すSPRセンサセルの概略断面図である。なお、以下のSPRセンサセルの説明において方向に言及するときは、図面の紙面上側を上側とし、図面の紙面下側を下側とする。
本発明のSPRセンサセルは、任意の適切な方法により製造され得る。以下に、図4を参照しながら本発明のSPRセンサセルの製造方法の一例を説明する。
図6は、本発明の好ましい実施形態によるSPRセンサを説明する概略断面図である。SPRセンサ200は、SPRセンサセル100と光源110と光計測器120とを備える。SPRセンサセル100は、上記A項およびB項で説明した本発明のSPRセンサである。
屈折率は、シリコンウェハの上に10μm厚の膜を形成し、プリズムカプラ式屈折率測定装置を用いて波長830nmで測定した。
勾配を有する屈折率変化は、溝尻光学工業所社製の屈折率分布測定装置を用いて測定した。具体的には、光導波路の長さが100μmとなるようにダイサー(DISCO社製)で切削した測定試料(厚み:約50μm、幅:200mm)をスライドガラス上に設置し、その断面を測定した。切削断面の表面粗さによる測定誤差を軽減するため、純水を試料に滴下し、その上部にカバーガラスを設置して平滑になるようにして、干渉縞の測定を行った。屈折率を測定する解析分解能は0.214×0.214μmであった。測定された光の干渉縞のシフト量から測定領域の屈折率分布を得ることができる。
ビームパターン計測システム(シナジーオプトシステムズ社製、M-Scope type L)を用いてコア層中の光強度分布を測定した。具体的には、ハロゲン光源(オーシャンオプティクス社製、商品名「HL-2000-HP」、白色光)からの光をグレーテッド型のマルチモードファイバ(φ50μm)を介してSPRセンサセルのコア層の入射側端面に導入し、コア層の出射側に接続したビームパターン計測システムによって、コア層中の光強度分布を測定した。次いで、該光強度分布の測定値に基づいて、屈折率勾配層の厚みを算出した。
図5に示すような方法でアンダークラッド層に埋設されたコア層(屈折率均一層)を有する光導波路フィルムを作製した。具体的には、表面に幅50μmおよび厚み(深さ)50μmのコア層形成用の凹部が形成された鋳型(長さ200mm、幅200mm)の該表面に屈折率均一層形成材料を滴下した。該鋳型の表面に片面をコロナ処理したポリプロピレン(PP)フィルム(厚み:40μm)のコロナ処理面の片端を当接させ、他端は反らせた状態とした。この状態で、鋳型とPPフィルムとの当接部位にPPフィルム側からローラを押し当てながら他端側に向かってローラを回転させて両者を貼り合わせた。これにより、鋳型の凹部内に屈折率均一層形成材料を充填し、余分な屈折率均一層形成材料を押し出した。次いで、得られた積層体に対し、PPフィルム側から紫外線を照射し、屈折率均一層形成材料を完全に硬化させて屈折率均一層(屈折率:1.384)を形成した。なお、屈折率均一層形成材料は、フッ素系UV硬化型樹脂(DIC社製、商品名「OP38Z」)60重量部とフッ素系UV硬化型樹脂(DIC社製、商品名「OP40Z」)40重量部とを攪拌溶解させて調製した。次いで、鋳型からPPフィルムを剥離して、該フィルム上に厚み50μm、幅50μmの略角柱形状の屈折率均一層を転写した。
高屈折率材料として2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルメタクリレート(屈折率:1.411)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、SPRセンサセルおよびSPRセンサを作製した。得られたSPRセンサを実施例1と同様の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
高屈折率材料として2-フェノキシエチルメタクリレート(屈折率:1.512)を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、SPRセンサセルおよびSPRセンサを作製した。得られたSPRセンサを実施例1と同様の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
高屈折率材料として2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルメタクリレート(屈折率:1.411)を用いたことおよび浸透時間を3分としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、SPRセンサセルおよびSPRセンサを作製した。得られたSPRセンサを実施例1と同様の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
高屈折率材料として2-フェノキシエチルメタクリレート(屈折率:1.512)を用いたことおよび浸透時間を3分としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、SPRセンサセルおよびSPRセンサを作製した。得られたSPRセンサを実施例1と同様の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
浸透時間を3分としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、SPRセンサセルおよびSPRセンサを作製した。得られたSPRセンサを実施例1と同様の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
浸透時間を5分としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、SPRセンサセルおよびSPRセンサを作製した。得られたSPRセンサを実施例1と同様の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
浸透時間を10分としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、SPRセンサセルおよびSPRセンサを作製した。得られたSPRセンサを実施例1と同様の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
高屈折率材料の塗布、除去および紫外線硬化を行わなかったこと(結果として、屈折率勾配層を形成しなかったこと)以外は実施例1と同様にして、SPRセンサセルおよびSPRセンサを作製した。得られたSPRセンサを実施例1と同様の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
表1から明らかなように、実施例のSPRセンサセルは、比較例のSPRセンサセルに比べてピーク強度変化が大きく、感度に優れることがわかる。
11 アンダークラッド層
12 コア層
12a 屈折率均一層
12b 屈折率勾配層
13 保護層
14 金属層
15 オーバークラッド層
20 サンプル配置部
100 SPRセンサセル
110 光源
120 光計測器
200 SPRセンサ
Claims (6)
- アンダークラッド層と、少なくとも一部が該アンダークラッド層に隣接するように設けられたコア層と、該コア層を被覆する金属層とを有するSPRセンサセルであって、
該コア層が、屈折率均一層と屈折率勾配層とを含み、
該屈折率勾配層が、該屈折率均一層と該金属層との間に配置されており、
該屈折率勾配層の屈折率が、該屈折率均一層の屈折率以上であり、その厚み方向において、該屈折率均一層側表面から該金属層側に向かって連続的に増大している、
SPRセンサセル。 - 前記屈折率勾配層の厚みが、1μm~30μmである、請求項1に記載のSPRセンサセル。
- 前記屈折率勾配層における屈折率変化(ΔN=Nmax-Nmin:ただし、Nmaxは屈折率勾配層における最大屈折率を表し、Nminは屈折率勾配層における最小屈折率を表す)が、0.001~0.035である、請求項1に記載のSPRセンサセル。
- 前記屈折率勾配層の厚み(Tb(μm))と屈折率変化(ΔN=Nmax-Nmin:ただし、Nmaxは屈折率勾配層における最大屈折率を表し、Nminは屈折率勾配層における最小屈折率を表す)とが、0.5×10-3≦ΔN/Tb≦20.0×10-3の関係を満たす、請求項1に記載のSPRセンサセル。
- 前記屈折率均一層の屈折率(NCO)が、1.34≦NCO≦1.43の関係を満たす、請求項1に記載のSPRセンサセル。
- 請求項1に記載のSPRセンサセルを備える、SPRセンサ。
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