Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
  • A61K6/60—Preparations for dentistry comprising organic or organo-metallic additives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K6/00—Preparations for dentistry
  • A61K6/40—Primers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to dental primer formulations which are particularly suitable for the treatment of ceramic surfaces.
• ceramic and metallic restorative materials wherein the ceramic materials are further transformed into siliceous ceramics, e.g. Feldspar, quartz, leucite-based ceramics and glass-ceramics, and lithium disilicate-based ceramics, ("silicates"), and non-silicate ceramics, such as ceramics. Yttrium-stabilized zirconia, alumina, glass-infiltrated alumina (e.g., In-CERAM Alumina, Vita, Germany), (“Oxide ceramics").
• the metals are divided between non-noble metals, e.g. Chromium, nickel, molybdenum, titanium and their alloys (“NEM”), and precious metals, e.g. Gold, platinum, palladium, silver and their alloys (“EM”), distinguished.
• non-noble metals e.g. Chromium, nickel, molybdenum, titanium and their alloys
• precious metals e.g. Gold, platinum, palladium, silver
• etching wet-chemical erosion
• hydrofluoric acid HF
• etchant hydrofluoric acid
• the use of HF due to toxicity is associated with a potential hazard in dental applications (Alex, Functional Esthetics & Restorative Dentistry, Series 2, Number 1, 38-49; Vohra et al., Clinical Toxicology (2008). 46, 79-84).
• HF solutions can also structurally damage (“over-etch”) the ceramic by prolonged exposure, which deteriorates both the mechanical properties of the ceramic and the bond to the fixing cement (Barghi et al., Journal of Esthetic Restorative Dentistry (US Pat. 2006) 18, 47-52; Amaral et al., Brazilian Dental Journal (2011) 22, 245-248; Nagayassu et al., Brazilian Dental Journal (2006) 17, 290-295) It must be concluded that the HF concentration and HF exposure time must be carefully matched to the silicate ceramic to be etched in order to create a retentive surface without structurally damaging the ceramic or weakening the bond.
• etching processes common to all etching processes is that, in preparation for an adhesive attachment, the silicate-ceramic workpieces are contacted with the etching solution and the solution is rinsed off with water after a certain exposure time. Subsequently, the silicate surface is to be dried with compressed air before further work steps can be carried out. Since in the reaction between silicate and etching solution preferably the amorphous constituents of the silicates converted to soluble hexafluorosilicate and the crystalline components are left behind, a composite-promoting rough (microretentive) surface structure results.
• sandblasting The most common mechanical-abrasive process is sandblasting, where abrasive particles accelerated with compressed air are directed onto the surface to be treated. Due to the high kinetic energy of the particles, a micro-retentive structure is achieved. Where the use of sandblasting can lead to patient discomfort (e.g., intraoral) or appropriate instruments are not available, the roughening may be e.g. also be brought about by rotating instruments. Sandblasting is only partially suitable for visible areas of dental restorations for visual reasons.
• the roughened restoration surface is primed by a primer with polymerizable functionalities.
• the primer contains monomers which, on the one hand, can bind to the surface of the restoration via reactive groups and, on the other hand, have polymerizable groups which enable copolymerization with further monomers.
• silanes with silicate surfaces can react to form covalent Si-O-Si bonds, while phosphates with zirconium oxide form zirconium (oxophosphates).
• the polymerizable groups can be copolymerized at a later time with the composite or cement used to secure the restoration by suitable methods. In this way, a permanent bond between the restoration and the composite characterized by covalent or ionic bonds is created.
• EP 0 224 319 A1 describes a primer composition for adhesion improvement on various ceramic materials containing a silane hydrolyzable to an organofunctional silanol.
• JP 2601254 B2 is a dental primer for ceramics and metal which contains the combination of an organofunctional silane with special (meth) acryloyl-functional phosphoric acid monoesters.
• JP 2593850 B2 describes an adhesive dental composition, which i.a. contains an organofunctional silane and an acidic organic phosphorus compound having a radically polymerizable double bond.
• the composition is intended to allow binding to both metals and ceramics.
• DE 10 2005 002 750 A1 discloses a primer for dental noble metal alloys which contains specific disulfides substituted by polymerizable groups.
• EP 2 229 930 A1 discloses a dental primer composition which is suitable for different metals and ceramics. The compositions contain, in addition to an alkoxysilane, a phosphoric ester monomer, a sulfur-containing monomer, and solvents. Primers that would be suitable for simultaneous etching and priming of silicate restorative surfaces are not described in the prior art.
• the separate etching and priming of a silicate ceramic restoration prior to adhesive cementation requires the practitioner numerous steps, namely, applying and exposing an etch gel to the silicate ceramic, rinsing the etch gel, drying the surface, applying and exposing a primer, and finally Blow the primer with an air blower. It is a very time and labor intensive process.
• the invention has for its object to provide a dental primer available, which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above.
• the primer should be applied directly to the surface to be treated without prior etching or roughening and ensure a secure bond under oral conditions.
• the primer should have low toxicity and high stability.
• R 1 is an organic radical having at least one polymerizable group
• R 2 is H or a C 1 to C 8 alkyl radical, preferably C 1 to C 4 alkyl radical and
• n 1, 2 or 3
• radicals R and R 2 may each be the same or different;
• R 9 is a metal cation from the series of alkali, alkaline earth or transition metals or an ammonium ion of the formula (R 5 ) (R 6 ) (R 7 ) (R 8 ) N + in which R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are each independently of one another H or C 1 -C 2 -6-alkyl, C 3 -C 20 -alkenyl or C 6 -C 26 -aryl radicals, preferably C 1 -C 12 -alkyl, C 3 -C 12 - alkenyl, or C6-Ci 2 are aryl radicals, wherein R 5, R 6, R 7 and R 8 may be the same or different, and where two of these radicals can be joined together to form together with the nitrogen atom form a heterocycle, and wherein three of the radicals and the nitrogen atom together can form a pyridinium ion,
• x is an integer from 2 to 5, preferably 2 to 4, in particular 3, z corresponds to the valency of the cationic radical R 9 ,
• Preferred alkoxysilanes of the formula (I) are those compounds in which the variables have the following meanings:
• R 1a is H or phenyl, preferably H
• R 1b H or methyl, preferably methyl
• R 1c is absent or C 1 -C 16 -alkyl, preferably C 1 -C 3 -alkyl;
• X is omitted or -CO-O- or -CO-NH-, preferably -CO-O- or
• R 2 H or C 1 to C 2 alkyl
• n 1 or 2
• radicals R 1 and R 2 each may be the same or different, and wherein a plurality of R 1 or R 2 are preferably the same.
• the above-mentioned preferred meanings of the variables can be selected independently of one another, particular preference being given to those compositions which contain preferred compounds of the formulas (I) and (II).
• the primer formulation according to the invention is distinguished by its ability to etch surfaces of silicate ceramics and at the same time to functionalize them with polymerizable groups. They have self-etching properties and thus combine the functions of conventional etchants and primers in a composition. For the user, this means a considerable reduction in workload because the separate etching and functionalization of the surfaces is eliminated and replaced by a common work step.
• the primer formulations according to the invention are distinguished by a low toxicity and are therefore also suitable for intraoral application.
• the primers according to the invention have a high stability. Clouding by polycondensation of the silanes does not take place.
• the surfaces treated with the primers according to the invention form a stable adhesive bond compatible with conventional methods of separate etching and priming with polymerizable, free-radically curing dental materials, in particular with dental composites and free-radically polymerizable cements.
• the composite effect is not significantly reduced by thermal cycling, which is an important criterion for a dental strength can be used.
• Dental composites are mixtures of inorganic fillers with polymerizable organic monomers. Polymerizable cements differ from the composites in that they contain less or no filler.
• the primers are preferably in the form of homogeneous solutions. They are particularly suitable for dental applications requiring long-lasting require bund of polymerizable mixtures with prefabricated restorations based on silicate ceramics.
• the formulations according to the invention make it possible to wet-chemically etch and functionalize silicate surfaces in one operation. For this purpose, two reactions, which are usually carried out one after the other, must take place side by side. It could not be expected that this will be the case without further ado. Rather, it was to be assumed that by etching the surface, ie the chemical removal of surface areas, already applied functional groups are replaced again or that superficially bound functional groups hinder the access of the etchant to the surface and thus the etching process.
• the alkoxysilane monomer of the formula (I), in addition to the hydrolyzable alkoxy group -OR 2, has at least one radical R 1 which contains at least one, preferably exactly one polymerisable group. Typically, it is a radically polymerizable group.
• the alkoxysilane preferably has one or two R 1 radicals. Preferably, R 1 contains an ethylenically unsaturated double bond.
• Preferred radicals R 1 include (meth) acryloyloxyalkyl, preferably (meth) acryloyloxy-C 2 -C 6 -alkyl, more preferably (meth) acryloyloxypropyl; (Meth) acryloylaminoalkyl, preferably (meth) acryloylamino-C 2 -C 16 -alkyl, particularly preferably (meth) acryloylaminopropyl; Vinyl; Allyl and styryl.
• Suitable substituents are aryl, alkylaryl, heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, Heteroalky- laryl, urethane, halogen, isocyanate, ureide, and / or imidazolinyl groups as well as aryl, alkylaryl, heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, and / or heteroalkylaryl radicals which are substituted by urethane, halogen, isocyanate, ureido, imidazolinyl, acryloyloxy and / or methacryloyloxy groups, in particular with urethane, halogen, isocyanate, ureide and / or imidazolinyl groups.
• the alkyl radical R 2 of the alkoxy group in formula (I) has 1 to 8 carbon atoms and is branched or preferably straight-chain.
• R 2 is a methyl, ethyl, n or i-Ca-Ce radical, more preferably methyl or ethyl.
• Alkoxysilane monomers (I) which are particularly suitable for the present invention are 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS), 3-methacryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane (MPTES), di (3-methacryloyloxypropyl) dimethoxysilane (DPDMS) and 3-methacryloylamidopropyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTMS).
• the most preferred silanes are 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-methacryloylamidopropyltrimethoxysilane.
• the alkoxysilane monomer (I) is typically present in the primer formulation according to the invention in an amount of 0.05 to 25.0% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 10.0% by weight and more preferably 0.5 to 5.0 wt .-% present, each based on the total weight of the composition.
• the primer according to the invention may additionally comprise a further alkoxysilane of the general formula (Ia), (R 13 O) 3 SiR 12 Si (OR 13 ) 3 (Ia),
• R 12 is Ci-Ci 2 alkylene, Ci-Ci 2 -Heteroalkylen, eg oligoethylene glycol, or
• Each R 13 is independently H or C to C 8 -alkyl
• radicals R 13 may each be the same or different.
• Preferred alkoxysilanes of the formula (Ia) are those compounds in which the variables have the following meanings:
• R 12 C to C 6 -alkylene, preferably C 2 -C 6 -alkylene, containing one or more, preferably one, O atom (s ), one or more, preferably one, S atom (s), or preferably one or more, preferably one, NH group (s), or phenylene
• R 13 H, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, preferably n- or i-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, particularly preferably methyl or ethyl, where the radicals R 13 may be different or preferably identical.
• Residues without heteroatoms are preferred.
• the bis (alkoxysilanes) (Ia) are always used as a mixture with the alkoxysilane monomer (I).
• the alkyl radical R 13 of the alkoxy group in formula (Ia) has 1 to 8 C atoms and is preferably an n- or i-C 1 -C 8 radical, particularly preferably methyl or ethyl.
• Bis (alkoxysilanes) (Ia) which are particularly suitable for the present invention are bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane, bis (triethoxysilylethyl) benzene and N, N-bis [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] amine.
• the most preferred bis (alkoxysilane) is bis (triethoxysilyl) ethane.
• the bis (alkoxysilane) (Ia), if appropriate, is preferably present in the inventive primer formulation in an amount of 0.005 to 2.50 wt.%, Preferably 0.02 to 1.0 wt.% And particularly preferably 0, 05 to 0.5 wt .-% present, each based on the total weight of the composition.
• the polyhydrogen fluoride-containing salt of the general formula (II) is characterized by good solubility in the solvent mixture used. Preference is given to those compounds which are soluble in the solvent used in the concentrations mentioned below.
• R 5, R 6, R 7 and R 8 are part of an ammonium ion and preferably equal to or independently of one another H, n- or i-alkane or alkenyl with a chain length of C to C26, preferably C 3- i 2 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 may also be linked together as part of a cyclic ammonium compound.
• the groups R 5 to R 8 may be substituted or preferably unsubstituted.
• Preferred substituents are halogen, in particular chlorine and bromine, and aromatic and heteroaromatic groups, preferably phenyl and pyridinyl.
• the groups R 5 to R 8 are optionally preferably substituted by 1 to 12, particularly preferably 1 to 6 and in particular 1 to 4 halogen atoms or 1 to 4 aromatic or heteroaromatic units.
• (R 9 ) is a metal cation.
• the polyhydrogen fluoride-containing salt (II) is typically present in the inventive primer composition in an amount of 1 to 25.0% by weight, preferably 2.0 to 15.0% by weight, and more preferably 5.0 to 10.0% by weight. -% present, in each case based on the total weight of the composition.
• Component (3) of the primer formulation according to the invention is an organic solvent or a solvent mixture consisting of physiologically compatible solvents.
• suitable solvents are, for example, alcohols, ketones and esters, preference being given to methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, t-butanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred is ethanol.
• the primer formulation contains 25 to 98.5% by weight, preferably 35 to 75% by weight and more preferably 45 to 55% by weight of organic solvent, each based on the total weight of the composition.
• Component (4) is the water necessary to improve the etching effect of the polyhydrogen fluoride salt.
• the primer formulation contains 25 to 98.5% by weight, preferably 35 to 75% by weight and more preferably 40 to 75% by weight of water, each based on the total weight of the composition.
• the primers according to the invention are particularly suitable for the treatment of the surfaces of dental restorations with silicate ceramic surfaces.
• the simultaneous etching and priming of silicate ceramics with the self-etching primer formulation according to the invention requires only four steps, (1) applying the primer to the surface, (2) allowing the primer to act, (3) rinsing the self-etching primer with water or a suitable solvent and (4) drying the surface.
• the use of a self-etching primer therefore significantly reduces the number of work steps necessary for the preparation of silicate ceramics and thus enables a faster and less error-prone procedure.
• the primer according to the invention preferably contains no free HF, ie it does not come without admixture or in situ formation of free hydrofluoric acid. In the case of accidental contact, this increases occupational safety with regard to toxic or tissue-destroying effects.
• the primer according to the invention as component (5) may additionally comprise a phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid ester monomer of the formula (III):
• R 3 is an organic radical which has at least one ethylenically unsaturated, polymerizable group
• n 1 or 2
• radicals R 3 and R 4 may each be the same or different.
• R 3a is H or phenyl, preferably H
• R 3b H or methyl, preferably methyl
• R 3c is absent or CC 16 alkyl, preferably C 2 -C 3 alkyl;
• X is absent or -CO-O- or -CO-NH-, preferably -CO-O- or -CO-NH-, wherein X is omitted if R 3c is omitted;
• R 4 methyl, ethyl, preferably H
• radicals R 4 are different or preferably the same.
• the addition of the compound (III) improves the adhesion of the primer to oxide ceramics and non-noble metals. In this way, the fürsspekt- rum of the primer according to the invention is extended to such materials. This allows the use of the primers to improve the bonding between a radically curing dental material and a variety of other dental restorative materials. This can reduce the likelihood of confusion and the risk of clinical failure in clinical use compared to substrate-specific primers.
• a particular advantage of such universally applicable primers is that they can be used in restorations containing different materials. This is the case, for example, when repairing fractured ceramic veneers on a regular basis, where several substrates are present in close proximity next to each other in a small space.
• R 3 in formula (III) contains at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond.
• R 3 may contain at least one (meth) acryloyloxy group, a (meth) acryloylamino group, a vinyl, allyl or styryl group, or a combination thereof.
• Preferred radicals R 3 include (meth) acryloyloxyalkyl, preferably (meth) acryloyloxy-C2-Ci6-alkyl, more preferably (meth) acryloyloxy-C 4 - C 14 alkyl, most preferably (meth) acryloyloxy-C 6 -C 0 alkyl; Di (meth) acryloyloxyalkyl, preferably di (meth) acryloyloxy-C2-C 6 -alkyl, particularly preferably di (meth) acryloyloxy-C2-Cio-alkyl, very particularly preferably di (meth) acrylic oyloxyisopropyl; (Meth) acryloylaminoalkyl, preferably (meth) acryloylamino-C 2 -C 16 -alkyl, particularly preferably (meth) acryloylamino-C 4 -C 4 -alkyl, very particularly preferably (meth)
• the R radical is preferably selected from H, silyl, preferably SiMe 3 , and C 1 -C 16 -alkyl, where the alkyl radical may be branched or preferably straight-chain, preferably R 4 is H, methyl, ethyl or an n- or i- C3-Ci6 radical.
• R 4 is H, with the dihydrogen phosphates (phosphoric acid monoesters) being the most preferred phosphoric acid ester monomers.
• Phosphoric acid ester monomers (III) particularly suitable for the present invention are 1-methacryloyloxydecane-10-phosphate (MDP), 1-methacryloyloxyhexane-6-phosphate (MHP), 1-methacryloylamidodecane-10-phosphate (MADP), 1-acryloyl- amidohexane-6-phosphate (AAHP), 1,3-dimethacryloylopropane-2-phosphate (DMPP) and 1,3-dimethacryloylamidopropane-2-phosphate (DMAPP).
• MDP 1-methacryloyloxydecane-10-phosphate
• MHP 1-methacryloyloxyhexane-6-phosphate
• MADP 1-methacryloylamidodecane-10-phosphate
• AAHP 1-acryloyl- amidohexane-6-phosphate
• DMPP 1,3-dimethacryloylopropane-2-phosphate
• DMAPP 1,3-d
• the phosphoric acid ester monomer (III) is optionally added preferably in an amount of 0.05 to 25.0 wt%, more preferably 0.2 to 10.0 wt%, and most preferably 0.5 to 5 , 0 wt .-% used, each based on the total weight of the composition.
• the primer according to the invention may contain one or more phosphonic acid or polyphosphonic acid monomers of the general formula (IIIa):
• R 11 is an organic radical which has at least one ethylenically unsaturated, polymerizable group
• R 10 represents a radical selected from H, SiR '3 or C to C 6 alkyl, wherein R "d to C4 alkyl, preferably methyl,
• n is 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 1 or 2 and especially 1.
• R 10 may be the same or different.
• Preferred compounds of the formula (IIIa) are those compounds in which the variables have the following meanings: a radical of the general formula
• R 11a H or phenyl, preferably H
• R 11b H or methyl, preferably methyl
• R 11c is deleted or d-de-alkyl, preferably C 2 -C 3 alkyl;
• X is absent or -CO-O- or -CO-NH-, preferably -CO-O- or -CO-NH-, wherein X is omitted if R 11c is omitted;
• R 10 methyl, ethyl, preferably H
• the phosphonic acid monomer of the general formula (IIIa) has at least one radical R 11 which contains at least one, preferably one or two polymerisable groups. Typically, it is a radical polymerizable group (s). Preferably, the phosphonic acid (IIIa) has exactly one R 11 radical.
• R 11 in formula (IIIa) contains at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond.
• R 3 may contain at least one (meth) acryloyloxy group, a (meth) acryloylamino group, a vinyl, allyl or styryl group, or a combination thereof.
• Preferred radicals R 3 include (meth) acryloyloxyalkyl, preferably (meth) acryloyloxy-C 2 -C 16 -alkyl, particularly preferably (meth) acryloyloxy-C 4 -C 14 -alkyl, very particularly preferably (meth) acryloyloxy-C 6 -C 12 -alkyl 0 -alkyl; Di (meth) acryloyloxyalkyl, preferably di (meth) acryloyloxy-C 2 -C 16 -alkyl, more preferably di (meth) acryloyloxy-C 2 -C 10 -alkyl, particularly preferably di (meth) acrylic oxy-oxypropyl; (Meth) acryloylaminoalkyl, preferably (meth) acryloylamino-C 2 -C 6 -alkyl, particularly preferably (meth) acryloylamino-C 1 -C 4
• the R 10 radical is preferably selected from H, silyl, preferably SiMe 3 , and C 1 -C 16 -alkyl, where the alkyl radical may be branched or preferably straight-chain, preferably R 10 is H, methyl, ethyl or an n- or i-C3-Ci6 radical.
• R 10 is H, with the dihydrogen phosphonates (phosphondioic acid) being the most preferred phosphonic acid monomers.
• Phosphonic acid monomers (IIIa) which are particularly suitable for the present invention are 1-methacryloyloxydecane-10-phosphonate, 9-methacryloyloxynonylphosphonic acid, 2- [4- (dihydroxyphosphoryl) -2-oxabutyl] -acrylic acid ethyl ester phosphonate.
• the most preferred phosphonic acid monomer is 9-methacryloyloxynonylphosphonic acid.
• the phosphonic acid monomer (IIIa) is optionally used preferably in an amount of 0.05 to 25.0% by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 10.0% by weight and most preferably 0.5 to 5, 0 wt .-% used, each based on the total weight of the composition.
• the formulas shown above include only those compounds consistent with chemical equivalency teaching. According to the invention, those compounds are preferred in which all variables have one of the preferred and in particular one of the particularly preferred meanings. Likewise preferred are those primers which contain a combination of preferred or particularly preferred components, it being possible for the primer formulation according to the invention to contain in each case one of the abovementioned components or a mixture of a plurality of substances of the respective type.
• the primer formulation according to the invention may contain additional auxiliaries (6), such as wetting agents, detergents, such as nonionic, anionic and / or cationic surfactants, preferably nonionic and cationic surfactants, defoamers, stabilizers and other auxiliaries, such as antimicrobial additives, fragrances, dyes and preservative.
• auxiliaries such as wetting agents, detergents, such as nonionic, anionic and / or cationic surfactants, preferably nonionic and cationic surfactants, defoamers, stabilizers and other auxiliaries, such as antimicrobial additives, fragrances, dyes and preservative.
• the primer formulation according to the invention may contain polymeric thickeners, for example suitably soluble polyvinyl compounds, polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyethers, polyamines, polysilicates, and polysaccharides, as well as thixotropic reagents and rheology modifiers.
• compositions which contain, as auxiliaries, thickener, dyestuff (s), radical stabilizer (s) and / or surfactant.
• Preferred auxiliaries are nonionic thickeners and dyes in proportions of from 0.001 to 5% by weight, the total amount of auxiliary (6) in the formulation being in the range from 0.001 to 10% by weight.
• the primer formulation of the present invention contains:
• primer formulations A, B and C which contain the following constituents:
• (B) a combination of (I) methacrylic acid (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) amide; (II) Tetrabutylammonium hydrogendifluoride and (III) 1-methacryloylamidodecane-10-phosphate.
• (C) a combination of (I) 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane., (II) ammonium hydrogendifluoride and (III) 1-methacryloyloxydecane-10-phosphate.
• these components are used in the aforementioned amounts and optionally with the said optional additives.
• the invention also relates to the use of the adhesion promoter composition in dentistry and dental technology, in particular the use for the adhesive bonding of metallic or ceramic dental materials, especially silicates.
• ceramic dental materials with radically curing dental materials preferably cements, composites and composite-based fastening materials (composite cements), but also filler-free methacrylic acid derivatives and mixtures of methacrylic acid derivatives.
• compositions according to the invention are particularly suitable for use as self-etching primers for silicate ceramics, such as feldspar, quartz, leucite or lithium disilicate-based ceramics or other glass-containing ceramics.
• Compositions which receive a phosphoric acid ester (III) and / or phosphonic acid monomer (IIIa) are also suitable for priming non-silicate ceramics, such as yttria-stabilized zirconia, alumina, and non-noble metals, such as titanium, titanium-containing alloys , Chromium-containing, nickel-containing or cobalt-containing dental alloys.
• Dental restorations made of the abovementioned materials can be securely attached to the natural tooth after superficial treatment with the primer formulation according to the invention using free-radically curing fastening materials. A good bond is achieved - even after thermal cycling - indicating a high durability of the composite under oral conditions.
• the invention also relates to the use of the primer composition according to the invention in dentistry and dental technology, in particular the use as a primer for the adhesive bonding of ceramic dental materials with radically curing dental materials, preferably cements, composites and composite-based fastening materials.
• the compositions according to the invention are suitable for intraoral use by the dentist (therapeutic application) and extraoral application (non-therapeutic application).
• silicate ceramics are cleaned after preparation.
• production residues eg casting mold or abrasive residues
• the ceramics are dried, for example, freed with an air blower of superficially adhering water.
• the primer formulation tion with a suitable application device (eg brush, flock cannula) applied to the entire adhesive surface and leave without further agitation for preferably 15 to 300 sec on the ceramic.
• excess primer is rinsed with a jet of water and the ceramic dried, for example, blown dry with an air blower.
• oxide-ceramic and non-precious metal restorations are cleaned after fabrication.
• manufacturing residues eg mold or abrasive residues
• the ceramics are dried, for example, freed with an air blower of superficially adhering water.
• the restoration is roughened superficially according to the sandblasting method specified by the manufacturer of the restoration material. Usual here are the specification of the abrasive grain size and the jet pressure.
• the blasting process is usually followed by a further cleaning step for removing the blasting agent residues, for example in an ultrasonic bath.
• the restoration is dried, for example, freed by an air flow of superficially adhering water.
• primer formulation with a suitable application device eg brush, flock cannula
• the primer formulations A-F according to the invention were compared with the following commercially available ceramic or metal primers: MBP: Monobond Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) based on 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 10-methyacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogenphosphate and 2-ethoxycarbonylallyl lipoacetate Monobond-S primer from Ivociar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein
• adhesion promoters according to the invention were tested on the following restoration materials:
• Lithium disilicate ceramic E.max CAD (Ivociar Vivadent AG, LI), leucite ceramic Empress (Ivociar Vivadent AG, Liechtenstein), zirconium oxide ceramic ZirCAD (Ivociar Vivadent AG, Liechtenstein) Alumina ceramics Al-Cube (Fa Vita, Germany)
• the cube-shaped specimens were ground flat using water-cooling with SiC abrasive paper of particle sizes P120 and P400 and then polished with P1000.
• Etching of silicate ceramics with HF for comparative measurements For reference measurements with HF pretreatment, a polished and ultrasonically cleaned lithium disilicate glass ceramic (E.max CAD, Ivociar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) was agitation-free for 20 s with hydrofluoric acid gel (Ceramic Etch, Ivociar Vivadent AG, Liechtenstein), rinsed with distilled water and dry-blown the surface with oil-free compressed air.
• E.max CAD lithium disilicate glass ceramic
• hydrofluoric acid gel Ceramic Etch, Ivociar Vivadent AG, Liechtenstein
• a leucite-reinforced silicate ceramic (Empress, Ivociar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) was agitation-free for 60 s with the hydrofluoric acid gel (Ceramic Etch, Ivociar Vivadent AG, Liechtenstein) contacted, rinsed with distilled water and the surface with oil-free compressed air blown dry. The samples were then stored dust protected until use. Sand blasting the oxide ceramic and metallic samples
• the oxide ceramic surfaces zirconium oxide (ZirCAD, Fa. Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) and aluminum oxide (Al-Cube, Fa. Vita, Germany) as well as pure titanium (Tritan, Fa. Dentaurum, Germany) were coated with 50 [in the alumina abrasive (Korox 50). at 2.5 x 10 5 Pa (2.5 bar) pressure roughened from about 1 -2 cm distance for 15 s.
• the samples were then cleaned on the edge (ie, adhesion surface perpendicular without wall or ground contact) for 10 min in i-propanol in an ultrasonic bath. After removal from the i-propanol, the samples were blown dry with compressed air and stored dust-protected until use.
• the primed surfaces were coated with a photopolymerized composite (Multicore Flow, Ivoclar Viva- dent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) filled plexiglass sleeve.
• a photopolymerized composite Multicore Flow, Ivoclar Viva- dent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein
• the sleeve was coated on the end to be adhered with a drop of dental cement (Multilink Automix, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and pressed onto the ceramic specimen by means of a pressing device.
• the cement was then cured by irradiation with a polymerization lamp (type BluePhase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) for 2 ⁇ 20 s, and the samples were stored in water at 37 ° C. for 24 h. Thereafter, the tensile bond was determined with the sample holder described in said literature in a universal test machine (Z010 type, Zwick-Roell, Ulm, Germany).
• a polymerization lamp type BluePhase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein
• test specimens were also subjected to a thermal cycling load.
• the specimens were transferred 10 ⁇ 00 times of 5 ° C cold water in 55 ° C water and back before measuring the tensile bond and left in the water for 60 s.
• FIG. 1 shows 19 F-NMR spectra of various fluoride compounds (hydrogen fluoride, HF, tetrabutylammonium fluoride, TBAF, ammonium bifluoride, ABF, tetrabutylammonium hydrogendifluoride TBABF, tetrabutylammonium dihydrogen trifluoride, TBADT). Measurement as homogeneous solutions in H 2 O / ethanol (50/50%) + d6-ethanol.
• Fig. 2 shows the 19 F-NMR spectrum of primer formulation C during storage at 50 ° C for 8 weeks. Measurement as homogeneous solutions in HaO / ethanol (50/50%) + d6-ethanol.
• 3 shows the wet-chemical erosion achieved on lithium disilicate ceramic (E.max, Ivoclar Vivadent AG) by hydrofluoric acid, HF (0.325 M, H 2 O / ethanol 50/50% by volume) after 1 minute of agitation-free contact and rinsing with water.
• 4 shows the wet-chemical erosion after 1 minute achieved on lithium disilicate ceramic (E.max, Ivoclar Vivadent AG) by ammonium bifluoride, NH 5 F 2 , ABF (0.325 M, H 2 O / ethanol 50/50% by volume) agitation-free contact and rinsing with water.

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