WO2014131141A1 - 适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔工具 - Google Patents

适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014131141A1
WO2014131141A1 PCT/CN2013/000254 CN2013000254W WO2014131141A1 WO 2014131141 A1 WO2014131141 A1 WO 2014131141A1 CN 2013000254 W CN2013000254 W CN 2013000254W WO 2014131141 A1 WO2014131141 A1 WO 2014131141A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sliding sleeve
spray gun
packer
joint
hydraulic jet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/000254
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓小强
孙虎
周丰
王祖文
苏敏文
曹欣
张冕
韩虎成
王建树
韩文哲
张文
李景斌
张波
徐迎新
高红平
Original Assignee
中国石油天然气集团公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 中国石油天然气集团公司 filed Critical 中国石油天然气集团公司
Publication of WO2014131141A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014131141A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/128Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production

Definitions

  • Hydraulic jet sealing tool suitable for multi-stage hydraulic jet fracturing
  • the invention relates to a hydraulic jet sealing tool suitable for multi-stage hydraulic jet fracturing, a well completion stimulation measure for oil and gas drilling process, and a technical field of design and manufacture of acid fracturing technology equipment.
  • Hydraulic injection section reform is a combination of hydraulic injection and fracturing technology, involving perforation and fracturing stimulation production techniques; using a single pipe string to achieve multi-stage construction of horizontal wells, can be fixed in the naked eye, cement consolidation casing, unfixed Fracturing can be carried out under various completion methods such as sieving screens, and the construction efficiency can be greatly improved.
  • the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN102650202A discloses an expanded compression packer including a sleeve, a packer center tube disposed within the sleeve, a restrictor, and a single flow valve, the restrictor being disposed at a top end of the packer center tube, the single flow valve being disposed at a bottom end of the packer center tube, and a packer center tube between the restrictor and the single flow valve Expanded cartridges, compression cartridges, collapsible brackets, and compression cartridge holders are provided from top to bottom.
  • the compression liquid cylinder of the compression packer is omitted, and the retractable steel sheet bracket is added to prevent the rubber cylinder from being compressed and deformed, and then enters the annulus to form a stuck drill, thereby improving the safety and reliability of high temperature and high pressure resistance. Low cost and high construction efficiency.
  • the utility model comprises an upper joint, a seat unsealing main body, a center tube, a rubber cylinder seat, a rubber cylinder, a lower rubber cylinder seat and a lower joint.
  • the central pipe is composed of an upper central pipe and a lower central pipe, and the upper central pipe and the lower center
  • the pipe joint is provided with a central pipe joint
  • the center pipe joint wall portion is provided with a plurality of block blocks
  • the lower end of the seat unsealing main body is slidably fitted on the upper rubber cylinder seat and axially connected by the unsealing pin.
  • the process string of the multi-stage hydraulic jet packing process cannot achieve selective setting.
  • the process string in the string string of the multi-stage hydraulic jet packing process, the process string can be used in the multi-segment construction by using the lower section of the spray gun and the packer to perform the three-stage perforation. Fracturing joint, Then open the PSK344 hydraulic spray gun and packer inlet passage by means of pitching, block the lower column of the packer, and then construct three sections by dragging the column, so that you can drill a pair of six Construction is carried out in sections.
  • the packers suitable for use in the hydraulic injection process string structure will be in a high temperature and high pressure environment for a long time, and it is necessary to repeatedly set the seal, such a limit. The working conditions can easily lead to the failure of the packer.
  • the present invention proposes a hydraulic jet sealing tool suitable for multi-stage hydraulic jet fracturing.
  • the selective setting can be realized, and the multi-stage hydraulic spraying can be completed. Fracturing construction, and achieving sandblasting? L Mechanical isolation is integrated.
  • the utility model relates to a hydraulic jet sealing tool suitable for multi-stage hydraulic jet fracturing, which comprises: a spray gun, a packer and a sliding sleeve seat joint, one end of the packer is connected to the spray gun, and the other end of the packer is connected with the sliding sleeve Located in the joint, a sliding sleeve is arranged in the spray gun, and the diameter of the sleeve is variable.
  • the inner wall of the sliding sleeve is formed by a three-stage structure in which the inner diameter is gradually reduced from the direction of the joint of the spray gun to the sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is formed.
  • a tee is provided inside.
  • the specifications of the three-stage inner diameter which are successively smaller are: 28mm, 32mm and 35mm.
  • the outer wall of the spray gun is provided with a shearing nail
  • the outer wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a shearing groove matched with the shearing nail, and the sliding sleeve is fixed with the spray gun by a shearing nail.
  • the spray gun comprises a spray gun body and a nozzle disposed on the spray gun body, the sliding sleeve is disposed in the inner cavity of the spray gun, and the sliding sleeve is connected with the inner cavity of the spray gun; the sliding sleeve is located at the upper end of the joint of the sliding sleeve, The sliding sleeve is located at the lower end of the joint and the sliding sleeve is located at the joint baffle; the packer comprises a rubber cylinder and a central tube disposed in the rubber cylinder, the upper end of the rubber cylinder is connected with the upper rubber cylinder seat, and the lower end of the rubber cylinder is connected with the lower rubber cylinder seat.
  • the upper end of the spray gun body is connected with the oil pipe, and the lower end of the spray gun body is respectively connected with the upper end of the central pipe and the upper rubber cylinder seat, and the lower rubber cylinder seat and the lower end of the central pipe are connected with the upper end of the lower connector of the packer, and the lower end of the lower joint of the packer is located with the sliding sleeve
  • the upper end of the joint is connected, and the lower end of the sliding sleeve is connected with the sleeve of the sliding sleeve.
  • a concave first liquid flow path and a second liquid flow path are sequentially disposed on the inner wall of the spray gun body between the sliding sleeve and the spray gun body, and the first liquid flow path is in communication with the nozzle.
  • the second liquid flow channel is in communication with the third liquid flow channel
  • the third liquid flow channel is disposed at the lower end of the spray gun body along the axial direction of the spray gun body, and the third liquid flow channel is in communication with the upper end of the rubber tube.
  • the sliding sleeve is provided in the spray gun, and the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve is changed from the spray gun to the sliding sleeve, and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve is gradually reduced from the inner diameter.
  • the structure of the segment is structured, and the spherical seat is provided in the sliding sleeve. Therefore, the sliding sleeves of different inner diameters are arranged at corresponding positions, and steel balls of different sizes can be cast according to needs during construction. Corresponding multi-stage hydraulic jet fracturing tool.
  • the outer wall of the spray gun is provided with a shearing nail
  • the outer wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a shearing groove matched with the shearing nail
  • the sliding sleeve is fixed by the cutting nail and the spray gun.
  • the shearing nail is stuck in the shearing groove of the sliding sleeve, so that the sliding sleeve can be restricted from moving downward without external force, and the hydraulic spray fracturing can be completed safely.
  • the second stage is required for hydraulic jet fracturing
  • you drop the seat steel ball push it under pressure.
  • the steel ball pushes the sliding sleeve downward and opens the spray gun sealed by the sliding sleeve, so that the second-stage hydraulic jet fracturing can be realized, and the multi-stage hydraulic jet fracturing can be completed by analogy.
  • the outer circumference of the sliding sleeve and the inner circle of the lance body are installed in a transitional fit to maintain the tightness between the outer circumference of the sliding sleeve and the inner circumference of the lance body.
  • the packer is composed of a sealing rubber cylinder. Because the rubber cylinder is elastic, the elastic rubber cylinder can expand under pressure, and is tightly attached to the well wall to seal with other layers. Separate, so as to ensure that other layers do not collude when implementing a layer of hydraulic jet fracturing.
  • the three liquid flow channels are designed, and after the first liquid flow channel is opened, the high-pressure liquid can be ensured to spray the set formation through the nozzle, and the second liquid flow channel and the third liquid flow channel can be opened. Ensure that the high-pressure liquid leads to the upper end of the rubber cylinder, and pushes the deformation of the rubber cylinder through the upper end of the rubber cylinder to achieve the isolation of the layer.
  • the sliding sleeve since the sliding sleeve is disposed in the inner circle of the spray gun and is fixed by the shearing nail, the fixed sliding sleeve can simultaneously block the nozzle and the liquid flow passage, so that one ball can be opened simultaneously and the spray gun can be opened.
  • the sliding sleeve structure and the liquid flow channel design realize the integration of sandblasting perforation and mechanical isolation, which can effectively reduce the risk caused by complicated tools during construction.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the A-B section of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the B-C section of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the C-D section of Figure 1.
  • the present invention includes a spray gun, a packer and a sliding sleeve, wherein one end of the packer is connected to the spray gun, and the other end of the packer is connected to the sliding sleeve, and a sliding sleeve is arranged in the spray gun.
  • the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve is reduced.
  • the inner wall of the sliding sleeve is formed by a three-stage structure in which the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve is gradually reduced from the direction of the joint of the lance to the sliding sleeve, and the spherical seat is disposed in the sliding sleeve.
  • the specifications of the three-stage inner diameter which are successively smaller are: 28 mm, 32 ⁇ and 35 ⁇ .
  • the outer wall of the spray gun is provided with a shearing nail
  • the outer wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a shearing groove matched with the shearing nail, and the sliding sleeve is fixed to the spray gun by a shearing nail.
  • the rest are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the spray gun includes a spray gun body and a nozzle disposed on the spray gun body, the sliding sleeve is disposed in the inner cavity of the spray gun, and the sliding sleeve is connected with the inner cavity of the spray gun;
  • the sleeved joint comprises a sliding sleeve located at the upper end of the hoe, the sliding sleeve is located at the lower end of the joint and the sliding sleeve is located at the joint baffle;
  • the packer comprises a rubber cylinder and a central tube disposed in the rubber cylinder, and the upper end of the rubber cylinder is connected with the upper rubber cylinder seat The lower end of the rubber cylinder is connected with the lower rubber cylinder seat, the upper end of the spray gun body is connected with the oil pipe, and the lower end of the spray gun body is respectively connected with the upper end of the central pipe and the upper rubber cylinder seat, and the lower rubber cylinder seat and the lower end of the central pipe are connected with the upper end of the lower connector
  • the lower end of the lower connector of the packer is connected with the upper end of the sliding sleeve, and the lower end of the sliding sleeve is connected with the sliding sleeve of the sliding sleeve.
  • the composition is as follows:
  • the present invention comprises a spray gun 1, a packer, and a sliding sleeve seating joint 26, the spray gun comprising a spray gun body 2 and a nozzle 5, and a sliding sleeve 8 is disposed in the inner circumference of the spray gun 2
  • the sliding sleeve 8 and the inner circle of the spray gun body 2 are connected by an excessive fit, and a shearing groove is arranged at the front end of the sliding sleeve 8 to prevent downward movement when the sliding sleeve is not required to be opened;
  • the packer consists of a packer cartridge 16 and a central tube 17, the packer is placed in the middle of the hydrojet packer, the front end of the divider is a spray gun, the end of the packer is a slip joint, the packer
  • the upper and lower sections of the rubber cylinder 16 are respectively connected to the packer upper rubber cylinder seat 14 and the packer lower rubber cylinder seat 19;
  • the sliding sleeve is located at the upper end of the sliding sleeve, the lower end of the sliding sleeve is located at the lower end of the joint and the sliding sleeve is located at the joint baffle; in order to realize the multi-stage hydraulic jet fracturing, the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve can be changed, and the construction is required according to the need.
  • the size of the steel ball can open the corresponding multi-stage hydraulic jet fracturing tool.
  • the total length after assembly of the invention is: 1560 ⁇
  • the maximum outer diameter is: 01 1 Omm
  • the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve includes: 28mm, 32mm and 35mm.
  • Connection and assembly of the present invention The upper end of the spray gun body 2 is threaded for connecting the upper end of the oil pipe; the sliding sleeve 8 is sleeved with four 0-type sealing rings I 7, the outer circumference of the sliding sleeve 8 and the inside of the spray gun body 2
  • the circle is installed in a transitional fit to maintain the tightness between the outer circumference of the sliding sleeve 8 and the inner circle of the lance body 2; the shearing nail 3 is screwed into the lance body 2 by a turnbuckle and screwed into the shearing sleeve 8 In the groove, the sliding sleeve 8 fixedly disposed in the gun body 2 is fixed.
  • the downward movement of the sliding sleeve 8 is restricted by the external force; the ball is disposed in the sliding sleeve 8 a seat, so that the steel ball 6 is placed when needed; since the nozzle 5 needs wear resistance, the nozzle 5 is made of a cemented carbide material, and the nozzle 5 is also threadedly connected to the lance body 2; the lower end of the lance body 1 1 is sealed
  • the upper end 13 of the central tube and the upper sleeve 14 of the packer are all threaded; the 0-type seal II 12 is sleeved on the lower end 11 of the gun body; the upper end 15 of the packer barrel and the packer
  • the cartridge holder 14 is screwed; the lower end of the packer cartridge 18 and the packer lower cylinder seat 19 are screwed
  • the lower end of the packer central tube 20 and the upper end 22 of the packer lower joint are threaded; the 0-type seal ring III21 is placed over the packer lower joint 23;
  • the ball is thrown from the wellhead, the rolling pressure is applied to the shearing nail, the shearing nail is sheared, the sliding sleeve is pushed downward, the sliding sleeve is knocked off, and the steel ball and the sliding sleeve fall together through the packer central tube.
  • the sliding sleeve is placed in the joint to achieve the purpose of sealing the lower tubular string.
  • the nozzle of the hydraulic spray gun is opened, the liquid flow in the tubular string can flow out through the nozzle, and the liquid in the tubular string can enter the rubber tube of the packer and the central tube annulus, the packer is inflated, and the seal is started.
  • the function of the partition under the action of the throttling pressure difference of the nozzle, the packer is set to seal and the lower annulus is sealed, and the continuous operation of the hydraulic blasting perforation and fracturing of the target layer can be performed normally;
  • Three liquid flow channels when the sliding sleeve is pushed by the high pressure to cut the shearing nails, the first liquid flow channel 4 can be opened, so that the high pressure liquid can be hydraulically sprayed through the nozzle to the set formation, and when the sliding sleeve continues downward
  • the second liquid flow path 9 can be opened, and the high pressure liquid enters the third liquid flow path 10 through the second liquid flow path 9, and the high pressure liquid reaches the upper end 15 of the packer drum, and pushes the packing through the upper end 15 of the packer barrel.
  • the rubber tube 16 is deformed to achieve isolation of the layer.
  • the sliding sleeve 8 Since the sliding sleeve 8 is disposed in the inner circle of the spray gun 2 and is fixed by shearing, the fixed sliding sleeve can simultaneously block the nozzle and the liquid flow passage, so that two balls can be simultaneously opened to open the spray gun and the packer.
  • the purpose of this sliding sleeve structure and liquid flow channel design is to realize the integration of sandblasting perforation and mechanical isolation, which can effectively reduce the risk caused by complicated tools during construction.
  • the process uses PSK344 hydraulic jet isolation tool, which consists of multiple sets of hydraulic jet isolation tools on the construction string.
  • the spray guns of each level can be opened step by step.
  • the pendulum can be selectively set by the method of pitching, and the multi-stage perforation and fracturing construction can be realized by dragging the pipe string, thereby reducing the number of times of tooling for lowering the drill and reducing the labor intensity. Shorten the construction period and reduce the risk of well control safety.
  • PS is the spraying tool; 3 is the way of hanging the support; 4 is the way of hydraulic seat sealing; the last 4 is the way of hydraulic unsealing.

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Abstract

一种适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔工具,涉及酸化压裂技术设备的设计制造技术领域。该封隔工具包括喷枪、封隔器和滑套坐落接头,封隔器的一端连接喷枪,封隔器的另一端连接滑套坐落接头,在喷枪内设置有滑套(8),滑套(8)的内径是变径的,从喷枪往滑套坐落接头方向,滑套(8)的内壁是由内径依次变小的三段结构构成,滑套(8)内设置有球座。该封隔工具可以实现可选择性坐封,能完成多级水力喷射压裂施工,并实现了喷砂射孔、机械封隔一体化。

Description

适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔工具 技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔工具, 用于 石油天然气钻井过程的完井增产措施, 涉及酸化压裂技术设备的设计制造 技术领域。
背景技术
水力喷射分段改造是水力喷射和压裂技术相结合的产物, 涉及射孔、 压裂增产措施工艺; 采用一趟管柱实现水平井多段施工, 可在裸眼、 水泥 固结套管、 未固结筛管等多种完井方式下进行压裂, 施工效率能得到大幅 度提高。
现有技术中, 以下专利申请与封隔器技术相关:
公开号为 CN102650202A, 公开日为 2012年 8.月 29日的中国专利文献 公开了一种扩张压缩式封隔器, 包括套管, 设置在该套管内的封隔器中心 管、 节流器和单流阀, 该节流器设置在该封隔器中心管的顶端, 该单流阀 设置在该封隔器中心管的底端, 节流器和单流阀之间的封隔器中心管外自 上而下依次设置有扩张式胶筒、 压缩式胶筒、 可收缩托架和压缩式胶筒托 架。 省去了压缩式封隔器的压缩液缸, 通过增加可回缩钢片托架, 防止胶 筒压缩变形后, 进入环空, 形成卡钻, 提高了耐高温高压的安全性和可靠 性, 成本低, 施工效率高。
但以上述专利文献为代表的现有技术没有设置压缩液缸, 该专利技术 仅仅是提高了耐高温的性能。
同时, 根据检索, 采用投球打开滑套的技术国内文献也有报道: 例如, 公开号为 CN202249921U , 公开日为 2012年 5月 30日的中国专利文献公开 了一种扩张式逐级解封封隔器, 它包括上接头、 座解封主体、 中心管、 上 胶筒座、 胶筒、 下胶筒座和下接头, 中心管由上中心管和下中心管两段构 成, 上中心管和下中心管相对接的位置设有中心管接头, 中心管接头壁部 设有若干个卡块, 座解封主体的下端滑动套装在上胶筒座上并通过解封销 钉轴向相连。 它具有可以单层逐级解封、 所需要的解封力小、 解封操作容 易的优点, 它可以采用反洗和上提双解封方式解封, 当反洗解封不彻底, 上提管柱时可以单层逐级解封封隔器。
但以上述专利文献为代表的现有技术不能实现可选择性坐封。 同时, 在实施多级水力喷射封隔工艺的管柱串中, 工艺管柱在多层段施工中可通 过拖动管柱的方式先用下段的喷枪及封隔器进行三段的射孔及压裂联作, 然后以通过投球的方式开启 PSK344水力喷枪和封隔器进液通道,封堵封隔 器下部管柱, 再通过拖动管柱的方式再施工三个层段, 这样就能够一趟钻 对六段进行施工。 随着油井水平井水力喷射压裂施工层数的增加、 井深增 加, 适用于水力喷射工艺管柱结构中的封隔器会长时间处于高温高压环境 中, 并且需要多次反复坐封, 这样极限的工况极易导致封隔器失效。
发明内容
为解决上述现有技术存在的技术问题, 本发明提出了一种适用于多级 水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔工具, 采用本发明, 可以实现可选择性坐封, 能完成多级水力喷射压裂施工, 并实现了喷砂射? L 机械封隔一体化。
本发明是通过采用下述技术方案实现的:
一种适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔工具, 其特征在于: 包 括喷枪、 封隔器和滑套坐落接头, 封隔器的一端连接喷枪, 封隔器的另一 端连接滑套坐落接头, 在喷枪内设置有滑套, 所述 套的 径是变径的, 从喷枪往滑套坐落接头方向, 所述滑套的内壁是由内径依次变小的三段结 构构成, 滑套内设置有球座。
在具体应用中, 依次变小的三段内径的规格分别是: 28mm、 32mm 和 35mm。
所述的喷枪外壁贯穿设置有剪钉, 滑套的外壁设置有与所述剪钉配合 的剪钉槽, 滑套经剪钉与所述喷枪固定。
所述喷枪包括喷枪本体和设置在喷枪本体上的喷嘴, 滑套设置在喷枪 的内腔中, 且滑套与喷枪内腔是过渡配合连接; 所述滑套坐落接头包括滑 套坐落接头上端、 滑套坐落接头下端和滑套坐落接头挡板; 所述封隔器包 括胶筒和设置于胶筒中的中心管, 胶筒上端与上胶筒座连接, 胶筒下端与 下胶筒座连接, 喷枪本体上端连接油管, 喷枪本体下端分别与所述中心管 上端和上胶筒座连接, 下胶筒座和中心管下端与封隔器下接头上端连接, 封隔器下接头下端与滑套坐落接头上端连接, 滑套坐落接头下端与滑套坐 落接头挡板连接。
在滑套和喷枪本体之间的喷枪本体内壁上依次设置有内凹的第一液 流通道和第二液流通道, 第一液流通道与喷嘴是相通的。
所述第二液流通道与第三液流通道相通, 第三液流通道沿喷枪本体的 轴向设置在喷枪本体下端, 第三液流通道与胶筒上端相通。
与现有技术相比, 本发明所达到有益效果如下:
1、 本发明中, 采用在 "在喷枪内设置有滑套, 所述滑套的内径是变 径的 从喷枪往滑套坐落接头方向, 所述滑套的内壁是由内径依次变小的 三段结构构成, 滑套内设置有球座" 这样的结构方式, 因此, 将不同内通 径的滑套配在相应的位置, 施工时根据需要投不同尺寸的钢球, 就能开启 对应的多级水力喷射压裂工具。
2、 本发明中, 采用 "在喷枪外壁贯穿设置有剪钉, 滑套的外壁设置 有与所述剪钉配合的剪钉槽, 滑套经剪钉与所述喷枪固定" 这样的结构方 式, 剪钉卡在滑套的剪钉槽里, 因此, 在无外力的作用下能够限制滑套下 移, 达到安全完成一个层为的水利喷射压裂, 当需要对第二级进行水利喷 射压裂时, 只要投下座封钢球, 在压力的推动下。 钢球推动滑套向下移动, 打开被滑套封住的喷枪, 就能实现第二级的水利喷射压裂, 依次类推, 就 能完成多级水力喷射压裂的施工。
3、 本发明中, 滑套的外圆与喷枪本体的内圆采用过渡配合安装, 能 够保持滑套的外圆与喷枪本体的内圆之间的紧密度。
4、 本发明中, 封隔器由封隔胶筒构成, 由于胶筒有弹性, 具有弹性的 胶筒在压力下能够膨胀, 紧紧的贴在井壁上,起到与其他层位的封隔作用, 以便在实施一个层位的水利喷射压裂时, 保证其他层位不会串通。
5、 本发明中, 设计的三个液流通道, 第一液流通道打开后能保证高压 液体通过喷嘴对设定的地层进行水力喷射, 第二液流通道和第三液流通道 开后能保证高压液体通向胶筒上端, 并通过胶筒上端推动胶筒变形, 实现 对层位的封隔。
6、 本发明中, 由于滑套是设置在喷枪的内圆中, 并被剪钉固定, 固 定后的滑套能同时封堵喷嘴和液流通道, 所以可以达到一个球同时打开喷 枪及封隔器, 这样的滑套结构和液流通道设计, 实现了喷砂射孔、 机械封 隔一体化, 能有效的减少施工中因工具复杂带来的风险。
附图说明
下面将结合说明书附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说 明, 其中:
图 1 是本发明的结构示意图。
图 2为图 1中 A- B段放大示意图。
图 3为图 1中 B- C段放大示意图。
图 4为图 1中 C- D段放大示意图。
附图编号说明:
1、 喷枪本体上端; 2、 喷枪本体; 3、 剪钉; 4、 第一液流通道; 5、 喷嘴; 6、 钢球; 7、 0 型密封圈; 8、 滑套; 9、 第二液流通道; 10、 第三 液流通道; 11、 喷枪本体下端; 12、 II型 0型密封圈; 13、 中心管上端; 14、 上胶筒座; 15、 胶筒上端; 16、 胶筒; 17、 中心管; 18、 胶筒下端; 19、 下胶筒座; 20、 中心管下端; 21、 III型 0型密封圈; 22、 封隔器下接 头上端; 23、 封隔器下接头; 24、 封隔器下接头下端; 25、 滑套坐落接头 上端; 26、 滑套坐落接头; 27、 滑套坐落接头下端; 28、 滑套坐落接头挡 板。
具体实施方式
实施例 1
作为本发明一较佳实施方式, 本发明包括喷枪、 封隔器和滑套坐落接 头, 封隔器的一端连接喷枪, 封隔器的另一端连接滑套坐落接头, 在喷枪 内设置有滑套, 所述滑套的内径是变径的, 从喷枪往滑套坐落接头方向, 所述滑套的内壁是由内径依次变小的三段结构构成, 滑套内设置有球座。 在具体应用中, 依次变小的三段内径的规格分别是: 28mm、 32誦和 35瞧。
实施例 2
作为本发明另一较佳实施方式, 所述的喷枪外壁贯穿设置有剪钉, 滑 套的外壁设置有与所述剪钉配合的剪钉槽, 滑套经剪钉与所述喷枪固定。 其余同实施例 1。
实施例 3
作为本发明还一较佳实施方式, 所述喷枪包括喷枪本体和设置在喷枪 本体上的喷嘴, 滑套设置在喷枪的内腔中, 且滑套与喷枪内腔是过渡配合 连接; 所述滑套坐落接头包括滑套坐落揆头上端、 滑套坐落接头下端和滑 套坐落接头挡板; 所述封隔器包括胶筒和设置于胶筒中的中心管, 胶筒上 端与上胶筒座连接, 胶筒下端与下胶筒座连接, 喷枪本体上端连接油管, 喷枪本体下端分别与所述中心管上端和上胶筒座连接, 下胶筒座和中心管 下端与封隔器下接头上端连接, 封隔器下接头下端与滑套坐落接头上端连 接, 滑套坐落接头下端与滑套坐落接头挡板连接。 其余同实施例 2.
实施例 4
作为本发明的最佳实施方式, 其组成如下: 本发明包括喷枪 1, 封隔 器, 和滑套坐落接头 26, 喷枪包括喷枪本体 2和喷嘴 5, 在喷枪 2的内圆 设置有滑套 8, 滑套 8与喷枪本体 2的内圆是采用过度配合连接的, 在滑 套 8的前端设置有剪钉槽, 可以防止在不需要打开滑套时向下移动;
封隔器由封隔器胶筒 16和中心管 17构成, 封隔器设置在水力喷射封 隔工具的中间, 分隔器的前端是喷枪, 封隔器的尾端是滑套接头, 封隔器 胶筒 16的上下段分别连接封隔器上胶筒座 14和封隔器下胶筒座 19 ;
滑套坐落接头包括滑套坐落接头上端、 滑套坐落接头下端和滑套坐落 接头挡板; 为了实现多级水力喷射压裂的需要, 滑套的内径是可改变的, 施工时根据需要投不同尺寸的钢球, 就能开启对应的多级水力喷射压裂工 具。
本发明组装后的总长为: 1560誦, 最大外径是: 01 1 Omm, 滑套内通径 包括: 28mm、 32mm和 35mm 三种规格。 本发明的连接和组装: 喷枪本体 2的上端是螺纹, 用于连接上端的油 管;在滑套 8上套有 4个 0型密封圈 I 7,滑套 8的外圆与喷枪本体 2的内 圆采用过渡配合安装, 以便保持滑套 8的外圆与喷枪本体 2的内圆之间的 紧密度; 剪钉 3是由螺丝扣旋入喷枪本体 2内, 并旋入滑套 8的剪钉槽里, 起到固定设置在喷枪本体 2内的滑套 8的作用, 由于剪钉 8的固定, 在无 外力的作用下, 滑套 8的下移受到限制; 在滑套 8内设置有球座, 以便在 需要时坐落钢球 6; 由于喷嘴 5需要耐磨, 所以, 喷嘴 5由硬质合金材料 制成, 喷嘴 5也是由螺纹与喷枪本体 2连接的; 喷枪本体下端 1 1与封隔器 中心管上端 13和封隔器上胶筒座 14是都是通过螺纹连接的; 0型密封圈 II 12是套在喷枪本体下端 11上的; 封隔器胶筒上端 15与封隔器上胶筒座 14通过螺纹连接;封隔器胶筒下端 18与封隔器下胶筒座 19通过螺纹连接; 封隔器中心管下端 20与封隔器下接头上端 22是通过螺纹连接; 0型密封 圈 III21是套在封隔器下接头 23上的;封隔器下接头下端 24与滑套坐落接 头上端 25是通过螺纹连接; 滑套坐落接头下端 27与滑套坐落接头挡板 28 是通过螺紋连接。
本发明的工作过程: 在实施下一级地层的水利喷射压裂施工时, 上面 各级的的滑套在剪钉 3的固定下不能移动, 因此, 上面各级水力喷枪的喷 嘴和封隔器的坐封水眼被滑套挡住, 喷枪和封隔器都不工作, 这时液流经 过多级水力喷射压裂工具内部通道从下面的工具串流出。 当下面的喷射工 具失效后, 从井口投球, 憋压使剪钉承受压力, 剪断剪钉, 推动滑套向下 移动, 打掉滑套, 同时钢球和滑套一起下落经过封隔器中心管进入滑套坐 落接头, 实现封堵下面管柱的目的。 此时, 水力喷枪的喷嘴被打开, 管柱 内的液流可以经过喷嘴流出, 并且管柱内的液体可以进入封隔器的胶筒和 中心管环空, 封隔器被胀大, 开始封隔的作用; 在喷嘴的节流压差作用下, 封隔器坐封, 实现封隔下部环空, 就能正常对目的层进行水力喷砂射孔、 压裂的连续作业施工了; 设计的三个液流通道, 当滑套被高压推动向下剪 断剪钉后, 第一液流通道 4就能打开, 使高压液体通过喷嘴对设定的地层 进行水力喷射, 当滑套继续向下就能打开第二液流通道 9, 高压液体通过 第二液流通道 9进入第三液流通道 10,是高压液体到达封隔器胶筒上端 15, 并通过封隔器胶筒上端 15推动封隔器胶筒 16变形, 实现对层位的封隔。
由于滑套 8是设置在喷枪 2的内圆中, 并被剪钉固定的, 固定后的滑 套能同时封堵喷嘴和液流通道, 所以可以达到一个球同时打开喷枪及封隔 器的两个目的, 这样的滑套结构和液流通道设计, 实现了喷砂射孔、 机械 封隔一体化, 能有效的减少施工中因工具复杂带来的风险。
该工艺采用 PSK344 水力喷射封隔工具, 在施工管串上由多组水力喷 射封隔工具组成, 在施工的过程中, 根据设计, 各级喷枪可逐级打开, 因 此可以在多层段施工中, 通过投球的方式, 实现封隔器的可选择性坐封, 拖动管柱实现多段射孔及压裂施工, 减少了起下钻更换工具次数, 降低劳 动强度, 缩短施工周期, 降低了井控安全风险。
所述 PSK344的含义是: PS是喷射工具; 3是悬挂支撑的方式; 4是 液压座封的方式; 最后一个 4是液压解封的方式。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔工具, 其特征在于: 包括喷枪、 封隔器和滑套坐落接头, 封隔器的一端连接喷枪, 封隔器的另 一端连接滑套坐落接头, 在喷枪内设置有滑套 (8), 所述滑套 (8) 的内径 是变径的, 滑套 (8) 内设置有球座。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔 工具, 其特征在于: 所述的喷枪外壁贯穿设置有剪钉 (3), 滑套 (8) 的外 壁设置有与所述剪钉 (3) 配合的剪钉槽, 滑套 (8) 经剪钉 (3) 与所述喷 枪固定。
3、 根据权利要求 1 或 2所述的适用于多'级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射 封隔工具, 其特征在于: 所述喷枪包括喷枪本体和设置在喷枪本体上的喷 嘴 (5), 滑套 (8) 设置在喷枪的内腔中, 且滑套 (8) 与喷枪内腔是过渡 配合连接; 所述滑套坐落接头包括滑套坐落接头上端(25)、 滑套坐落接头 下端(27)和滑套坐落接头挡板(28); 所述封隔器包括胶筒和设置于胶筒 中的中心管, 胶筒上端 (15) 与上胶筒座 (14) 连接, 胶筒下端 (18) 与 下胶筒座 (19) 连接, 喷枪本体上端 (1) 连接油管, 喷枪本体下端 (11) 分别与所述中心管上端 (13) 和上胶筒座 (14) 连接, 下胶筒座 (19) 和 中心管下端(20)与封隔器下接头上端(22)连接,封隔器下接头下端(24) 与滑套坐落接头上端 (25) 连接, 滑套坐落接头下端 (27) 与滑套坐落接 头挡板 (28) 连接。
4、 根据权利要求 4 所述的适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔 工具, 其特征在于: 在滑套(8)和喷枪本体之间的喷枪本体内壁上依次设 置有内凹的第一液流通道 (4) 和第二液流通道 (9), 第一液流通道 (4) 与喷嘴 (5) 是相通的。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔工 具, 其特征在于: 所述第二液流通道 (9) 与第三液流通道 (10) 相通, 第 三液流通道(10)沿喷枪本体的轴向设置在喷枪本体下端(11), 第三液流 通道 (10) 与胶筒上端相通。
6、根据权利要求 1所述的适用于多级水力喷射压裂的水力喷射封隔工 具, 其特征在于: 从喷枪往滑套坐落接头方向, 所述滑套 (8) 的内壁是由 内径依次变小的三段结构构成。
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