Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients to enhance the sticking of the active ingredients
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
  • A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring

Definitions

• the present invention generally relates to aqueous seed treatment formulations that protect plant propagation material against attack by pests.
• seed treatment formulations require specialized equipment to properly apply them or to treat large volumes of seed.
• the seed treatment equipment (a seed treater) combines commercially available formulations to make slurries of pesticides.
• seed treaters include Gustafson Accu-Treat ® RH-24, Accu-Coat ® HC 3000, and the like.
• a commercial pesticide formulation is usually formulated as a suspension concentrate.
• a seed treater is also used to add stickers, binders, polymers, and/or colorants to the pesticide slurry to improve handling and safety. The additives reduce dusting, and the colorants alert agricultural workers to the chemical treatment.
• LMW surfactants are typically added to stabilize the dispersion of the pesticide and to provide a stable pumpable suspension for ease of use by the treater.
• LMW surfactants are known to increase the stress on seeds and can reduce germination.
• Another problem with using ad hoc mixtures of pesticides, polymers, colorants, and other additives is the need for multiple applications to deposit and dry the desired amounts of pesticides and additives on the seeds. Multiple applications are necessary for proper adhesion.
• the present invention provides an aqueous seed treatment formulation including: a) at least one pesticidal agent; b) at least one graft copolymer; c) at least one polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); and d) at least one plasticizer.
• the pesticidal agents include clothianidin, metconazole, and metalaxyl.
• the invention includes: a) from about 0.2 to about 15.0 % of at least one pesticidal agent; b) from about 0.1 to about 0.45 % of at least one graft copolymer; c) at least one polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); and d) from about 5.0 to about 30 % of at least one plasticizer (all percentages are listed as % of 100 % active materials in weight % of the total formulation).
• the graft copolymer may be Tersperse ® 2500 (35 % solution in water).
• the PVA may be Selvol ® 24-203 (24 % solution in water).
• the liquid plasticizers may be propylene glycol or hexylene glycol.
• the plasticizers may be a blend of propylene glycol and hexylene glycol.
• a solid plasticizer may be used in combination with a liquid plasticizer.
• Appropriate solid plasticizers include trimethylolpropane, sorbitol, urea, or any combination thereof.
• the formulation may contain additional ingredients such as a preservative, an anionic surfactant, thickener, a wetting agent, a defoamer, a slip agent, a polymer emulsion, or a colorant.
• additional ingredients such as a preservative, an anionic surfactant, thickener, a wetting agent, a defoamer, a slip agent, a polymer emulsion, or a colorant.
• the preservative may be a 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3- one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one solution in water, such as Kathon ® CG/ICP.
• the anionic surfactant may be sodium lauryl sulfate, such as Stepanol ® WA-Extra (30% solution in water).
• the thickener may be xanthan gum, such as Kelzan ® CC.
• the wetting agent may be Tersperse ® 4894 in another embodiment.
• the defoamer may be Surfynol ® 104PG-50 or Dow
• Surfynol ® 104PG-50 is preferred.
• the slip agent may be Michem® Lube 156P or Michem®
• Lube 156PFP 25 % emulsion in water
• the colorant may be Sunsperse ® Red 48:2.
• the polymer emulsion may be an ethylene -vinyl acetate copolymer, such as Dur-
• O-Set ® E-200 in one embodiment.
• the aqueous pesticide formulation may include (as 100% active materials unless otherwise specified, in weight % of the total formulation): a) from about 2.0 to about 15.0 % of at least one pesticidal agent; b) from about 0.1 to about 0.45 % of at least one graft copolymer; c) from about 0.5 to about 2.5 % of at least one polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); d) from about 20.0 to about 30.0 % of at least one plasticizer; e) from about 0 to about 0.3 % of at least one preservative (as supplied); f) from about 0 to about 2.0 % of at least one anionic surfactant; g) from about 0 to about 0.25 % of at least one thickener; h) from about 0 to about 0.25 % of at least one wetting agent; i) from about 0 to about 0.3 % of at least one defoamer (as supplied); j) from about 0 to
• the aqueous pesticide formulation may include (as 100
• % active materials unless otherwise specified, in weight % of the total formulation): a) about 4.25 % of at least one pesticidal agent; b) about 0.35 % of at least one graft copolymer; c) about 1.2 % of at least one PVA; d) about 25 % of at least one plasticizer; e) about 0.14 % of at least one preservative (as supplied); f) about 0.40 % of at least one anionic surfactant; g) about 0.14 % of at least one thickener; h) about 0.176 % of at least one wetting agent; i) about 0.10 % of at least one defoamer (as supplied); j) about 0.75 % of at least one slip agent; k) about 3.0 % of at least one polymer emulsion (as supplied); and 1) about 10 % of at least one colorant (as supplied).
• the aqueous pesticide formulation may include (as
• the aqueous pesticide formulation may include (as 100% active materials unless otherwise specified, in weight % of the total formulation): a) about 3.01 % of clothianidin technical (97.5 % active ingredient); b) about 0.907 % of metalaxyl technical (97.0 % active ingredient); c) about 0.454 % of metconazole technical (97.0 % active ingredient); d) about 0.35 % of at least one graft copolymer; e) about 1.2 % of at least one PVA; f) about 25.0 % of at least one plasticizer; g) about 0.14 % of at least one preservative (as supplied); h) about 0.4 % of at least one anionic surfactant; i) about 0.14 % of at least one thickener; j) about 0.176 % of at least one wetting agent; k) about 0.10 % of at least one defoamer (as supplied); 1) about 0.75 %
• the invention is directed to methods of preparing formulations including preparing a thickener pre-mix, preparing a metconazole and metalaxyl mixture, preparing a clothianidin slurry, and then combining the remaining ingredients, the thickener pre-mix and the metconazole and metalaxyl mixture with the clothianidin slurry.
• An alternate method of preparing formulations includes preparing a thickener pre-mix, preparing a slurry containing clothianidin, metalaxyl and metconazole, and then combining the remaining ingredients and the thickener premix with the clothianidin, metalaxyl and metconazole slurry.
• the present invention relates to formulations comprising pesticidal agents formulated to provide a ready-to-use on-farm mixture that remains stable during storage and provides for an excellent seed coating.
• the seed coating provides the seeds with improved protection from pests.
• plant propagation material and “seeds” are used interchangeably throughout the specification.
• formulations of the present invention can be used to prepare suspension concentrates of insecticides, fungicides, and their mixtures. Disclosed formulations can be used "as is”, or mixed with other additives, or diluted with water. They may be applied to seeds either by themselves or simultaneously with other pesticides or additives.
• Pesticidal agents that can be used in accordance with this invention include insecticides; including but not limited to neonicotinoid insecticides like clothianidin (available from Sumitomo Chemical Co.), imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, and thiacloprid; antibiotic insecticides like abamectin, emamectin benzoate, and spinosyns A and B; carbamate insecticides like bendiocarb, carbaryl, carbofuran, pirimicarb, isoprocarb, methiocarb, thiodicarb; pyrethroid insecticides like acrinathrin, deltamethrin; phenylpyrazole insecticides like ethiprole, fipronil; organochlorine insecticides like endosulfan; organophophorus insecticides like coumaphos; diamide insecticides like chlorantraniliprole
• Pesticidal agents that can be used in accordance with this invention include fungicides, including but not limited to antibiotic fungicides like antimycin Al; strobilurin fungicides like azoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl; carbamate fungicides like benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, carbendazim, diethofencarb, iprovalicarb, thiophanate- methyl; dicarboximide fungicides like captafol, captan, famoxadone, folpet, iprodione, procymidone, vinclozolin; triazole fungicides like bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazol, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazo
• insects and fungicides are used broadly and are intended to cover all compounds active against insects and fungi.
• the compounds may belong to a wide range of compound classes.
• the pesticidal agents used in a formulation made in accordance with this invention may be a combination of the insecticides and fungicides selected to control a number of pests, insects and/or fungi, through the use of one formulation.
• a formulation made in accordance with this invention may also contain auxiliary pesticidal agents that do not conform to the requirements set forth in this invention, provided that these auxiliary pesticidal agents are compatible with said formulation as determined by compatibility tests well known by those familiar with the art.
• water-soluble pesticidal agents may be dissolved in the water carrier used in the formulation without affecting the suspension of the primary, solid pesticidal agents that are the subject of this invention.
• auxiliary pesticidal agent is an encapsulated pesticidal agent, wherein a water-insoluble liquid or low melting insecticide and/or fungicide is enveloped by a solid shell or encased in a solid matrix, and then added to a formulation described in this invention.
• Mixtures of insecticides and fungicides are preferably used in the present invention. Mixtures are influenced by numerous factors such as the crop, geographic area, pest spectrum and pressure, and the prevalence of pesticide resistance. [00043] Presently preferred pesticides in mixtures are neonicotinoid insecticides such as clothianidin; triazole fungicides such as metconazole; and phenylamide:acylalanine fungicides such as metalaxyl.
• PVA Polyvinyl Alcohol
• Polyvinyl alcohol is a water-soluble synthetic polymer. Many different grades of PVA are commercially available. While most of the available PVA polymers can be used in this invention, the preferred PVA grades have "Ultra Low”, “Low”, and “Medium” viscosity grades. They are usually classified by the viscosity of 4 % PVA solutions. The viscosity of these PVA grades is generally between about 2.5 cP (centipoise) to about 32 cP at 20 °C. The most preferred grades are the “Ultra Low” and "Low” viscosity grades.
• the PVAs encompassed by the present invention have weight average molecular weights from about 12,500 g/mole to about 125,000 g/mole. Each grade of polymer has a distribution of molecular weights. The weight average molecular weight is defined as the molecular weight multiplied by the weight fraction of molecules that have that weight, summed over all the weights in the distribution, divided by the total weight. Further, the PVA polymers can be fully (98-100 %), intermediately (90-98 %), or partially (70-90 %) hydrolyzed. Partially hydrolyzed PVA polymers are most preferred. Modified or special grades of PVA polymers can also be used.
• PVAs in the viscosity range disclosed above can be carboxylated or sulfonated to introduce some anionic properties that improve viscosity and dispersing power. These grades of PVA simply have some carboxylic groups (-C0 2 X group) or sulfonic groups (-SO3X group) added to the PVA chain, where X can be H or an alkali metal.
• the PVA is Selvol ® 24-203, which is available from
• a graft copolymer is a material that has polymer chains of one chemical composition branching out from a polymer backbone with a different chemical composition.
• Graft copolymers that can be used in accordance with this invention include but are not limited to acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylate, methacrylate or methyl methacrylate polymers which have chains of another polymer, as for example, a polyether such as polyethylene glycol, extending from the acrylate polymer backbone.
• the graft copolymers are comb-branched polymers with an acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylate, methacrylate or methyl methacrylate polymer backbone and hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) branches extending from this backbone.
• PEG polyethylene glycol
• the PEG branches are drawn perpendicular to the acrylate polymer backbone (usually linear) and resemble the teeth of a comb, giving rise to the description "comb-branched”.
• the comb-branched graft copolymers used in the present invention are proprietary materials; therefore, specific details of their composition and manufacture are not known to the applicants.
• the comb-branched graft copolymer is Tersperse ®
• the synergistic PVA and graft copolymer combination is a mixture of these two polymers. There are many advantages to using the PVA-graft copolymer combination.
• the polymer combination coats the pesticidal agent used in the formulation and provides a protective layer between the pesticidal agent and the seed. This protective layer reduces any phytotoxicity that the pesticidal agent may have.
• water-soluble polymeric materials used in formulations of the invention provide for slower uptake and translocation of the pesticidal agent into the seeds.
• Prior art formulations typically used components to enhance the uptake and the translocation of pesticidal agents into the seeds.
• quick uptake can exacerbate any toxicity that the surfactant or the pesticidal agent may possess, resulting in a decrease in germination.
• the PVA-graft copolymer combination is very water-soluble and safe on seeds. Seeds coated with the film formed by the formulations of the present invention can easily be re-hydrated by soil moisture. The film does not function as a limiting factor in the transport of moisture into seeds. The seeds' normal lipophilic layers are preserved and remain the controlling factor in moisture uptake by the seeds. Accordingly, good seed germination and coating adhesion are maintained.
• the PVA-graft copolymer combination is compatible with dispersant systems employed in many commercial polymer emulsions. This compatibility permits the incorporation of polymer emulsions directly into the seed treatment formulation at the point of manufacture without loss in stability.
• plasticizer refers to a substance that is used to modify the film produced by the formulations, to allow faster drying, and to impart greater moisture sensitivity without the need for tack that can impair the flow of the seed in handling and planting equipment.
• Liquid plasticizers that can be used in accordance with this invention are generally low molecular weight alkyl glycols or polyols (diols or triols), wherein the alkyl group is from 2 to 6 carbons in length.
• Preferred liquid plasticizers include propylene glycol and hexylene glycol.
• a solid plasticizer can also be used in combination with the liquid plasticizer.
• suitable solid plasticizers include but are not limited to trimethylolpropane, sorbitol, urea, or any combination thereof. It is presently preferred to include a blend of liquid and solid plasticizers. Such a blend may include propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, urea, and trimethylolpropane.
• polymer emulsions (or latexes) based on polyvinyl acetate and/or ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers may be added to improve adhesion and seed appearance.
• An advantage of formulations of this invention is that they are "all-inclusive", i.e. they allow for adding the polymer emulsions at the point of manufacture of the formulations, as opposed to adding them at the application site. Thus, package stability is not sacrificed and moisture uptake of seeds is not adversely affected.
• Polymer emulsions that may be used in formulations of this invention are stabilized by PVA and thus, are PVA-compatible.
• the polymer emulsions may be added to formulations without causing "dispersant shock" that can result in an undesirable increase in viscosity or gelling.
• the stabilizing agents for formulation suspensions and polymer emulsions or latexes are similar, no dispersant is stripped off the latex particle or the pesticidal agent particle when they are mixed together. As a result, a stable, low viscosity mixture is obtained. This mixture is able to deposit the pesticidal agents and the polymers on seeds without the need for additional components.
• polymer emulsions may be useful to prevent the formation of an undesirable moisture barrier surrounding the seeds.
• films of latex dispersions containing sufficient amounts of PVA are re-dispersible in water.
• LMW surfactants when LMW surfactants are present in seed treatment formulations, their micelles adsorb PVA, depleting the amount of PVA available to envelop the latex, polymer emulsion, or pesticidal agent particles.
• a permanent non-redispersible film may be formed which serves as a moisture barrier.
• a PVA-graft polymer combination forms a protective layer around the latex particles. This protective layer can then form a membrane that inhibits formation of this film or, alternatively, makes it re-dispersible.
• formulations of this invention may negate or mitigate the adverse effects of LMW surfactants on dispersion stability and seed germination that can be seen in the prior art formulations.
• Dur-O-Set E-200 (Celanese Ltd.) polymer emulsion may be used.
• the formulations include wetting agents.
• wetting agents are usable for the purposes of this invention.
• the concentration of the wetting agents should be the minimum concentration required to achieve good wetting and film formation.
• suitable wetting agents are added, the formulation should wet and form a good film.
• suitable wetting agents are functional at 0.2 % or less by weight of the total formulation.
• the wetting agent is Tersperse ® 4894 (about 88 % solids), which is made by Huntsman Corporation.
• formulations of this invention contain typical additives used in similar formulations to improve package and handling properties.
• Preferred additives include: organic thickeners, e.g., Kelzan ® CC (xanthan gum) made by CP Kelco; slip, antiblocking agents, e.g. Michem ® Lube 156P or Michem® Lube 156PFP (a wax emulsion) available from Michelman Inc.; defoamers, e.g., Surfynol ® 104PG (a 50% solution of tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol in propylene glycol) made by Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.; preservatives, e.g., Kathon ® CG/ICP (5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2- methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one solution in water) available from Rohm and Haas Company; and anionic surfactants, e.g., Stepanol ® WA-Extra (sodium lauryl sulfate)
• a colorant may be added to the disclosed formulations to mark the seeds as coated with pesticides.
• the colorant Sunsperse ® Red 48:2 (from Sun Chemical) is used.
• the invention further relates to a method of applying the formulations to seeds.
• compositions of the present invention may be applied as a slurry or soak.
• Film coating and encapsulation may also be used.
• the coating processes are well known in the art and employ the techniques of film coating, encapsulation, immersion, etc.
• the method of application of the compositions of the present invention may be varied, and the invention is intended to include any technique that is to be used by one of skill in the art.
• the invention further relates to a method of protecting seeds from pests comprising applying to seeds effective amounts of the formulations of the present invention.
• the phrase "effective amount" of the formulation means a sufficient amount of the formulation to provide the desired effect.
• the formulation is employed in amounts that do not inhibit generation of the seeds and do not cause phytotoxic damage to the seeds.
• the amount of the formulation may vary depending on specific crops and other factors. It is well within the ordinary skill in the art to determine the necessary amount of the formulation.
• the two most common application methods are slurry treatment and direct treatment. Specialized seed treatment equipment is available for each of these methods.
• Direct treaters meter the formulation directly onto the seed without dilution.
• Slurry treaters meter a water-diluted slurry made from the seed treatment formulation.
• a formulation for seed treatment was prepared using the following procedure with the amounts by weight percent and by pounds per gallon of the finished product listed below in Table 1.
• Kathon ® CG/ICP to a small mixing tank equipped with a high shear mixer. With the mixer operating at 3000 rpm, the Kelzan ® CC was added and mixed for at least one hour to ensure proper dispersion and hydration of the Kelzan CC. The amount of each component added is listed below in Table 2.
• a metalaxyl and metconazole solution was prepared. Propylene glycol and hexylene glycol were added to a mixing tank equipped with a mixer. While mixing at a rate sufficient to maintain a vortex, metalaxyl and metconazole were added. The solution was mixed until it was clear and homogeneous. Optionally, the solution may be heated to 40 °C to accelerate the dissolution rate, but the temperature of the solution should not exceed 50 °C. The amount of each component added is listed below in Table 3.
• a clothianidin slurry was prepared. Deionized water was added to a mixing tank equipped with a high shear mixer. While mixing at a rate to maintain a vortex, the Tersperse ® 2500, Tersperse ® 4894, and Surfynol ® 104PG-50 were added. The mixture was blended for 10 minutes or until it was homogeneous. Next, part of the Kelzan ® premix was added and mixed for 20 minutes or until it was homogeneous. The mixer rate was then increased to provide a high shear and vortex, while clothianidin was gradually added. The slow rate of adding clothianidin avoided powder accumulation at the surface. The slurry was mixed for an additional 20 minutes or until the clothianidin was completely dispersed. Optionally, the slurry can be recirculated through an in-line high-speed mixer to facilitate the dispersion process. The amounts of each component are listed below in Table 4.
• the clothianidin slurry was then milled to the target median particle size using a small media mill equipped with 0.8 to 1.0 mm ceramic media.
• a small media mill equipped with 0.8 to 1.0 mm ceramic media.
• zirconium silicate or oxide may be used. Any equivalent small media mill may be used that can achieve the desired particle size.
• the finished product was prepared.
• Deionized water was added to the main blending tank equipped with a high shear mixer. While set at a rate to maintain a vortex, Selvol ® 24-203 was added and mixed until homogeneous or for 15 minutes. The Selvol ® 24-203 was completely diluted in order to prevent the PVA from precipitating. While mixing, the Tersperse ® 2500, Tersperse ® 4893, and Surfynol ® 104PG-50 were added to the tank. Then the Michem® Lube 156P and Dur-O-Set ® E-200 were added to the tank.
• the mixer rate was then increased to provide a high shear and vortex.
• the clothianidin slurry was slowly added to the tank over a period of at least 15 minutes.
• the metalaxyl and metconazole solution was slowly added to the tank. The mixture was agitated at high shear for at least 15 minutes.
• a formulation for seed treatment was prepared using the following procedure with the amounts by weight percent and by pounds per gallon of the finished product listed below in Table 6. Table 6
• a slurry of the three active ingredients was prepared.
• Deionized water was added to a mixing tank equipped with a high shear mixer. While mixing at a rate to maintain a vortex, the Tersperse ® 2500, Tersperse ® 4894, Dow Corning FG-10 Antifoam and Surfynol ® 104PG-50 were added. The mixture was blended for 10 minutes or until it was homogeneous. Next, part of the Kelzan ® premix was added and mixed for 20 minutes or until it was homogeneous. The mixer rate was then increased to provide a high shear and vortex, while clothianidin, metalaxyl, and metconazole were gradually added. The slow rate of adding the solid materials avoided powder accumulation at the surface.
• the slurry was mixed for an additional 20 minutes or until the solid active ingredients were completely dispersed.
• the slurry can be recirculated through an in-line high speed mixer to facilitate the dispersion process.
• the amount of each component added is listed below in Table 8.
• the slurry was then milled to the target median particle size using a small media mill equipped with 0.8 to 1.0 mm ceramic media.
• a small media mill equipped with 0.8 to 1.0 mm ceramic media.
• zirconium silicate or oxide may be used. Any equivalent small media mill may be used that can achieve the desired particle size.
• the finished product was prepared.
• Deionized water was added to the main blending tank equipped with a high shear mixer. While set at a rate to maintain a vortex, Selvol 24-203 was added and mixed until homogeneous or for 15 minutes. The Selvol 24-203 was completely diluted in order to prevent the PVA from precipitating. While mixing, the propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, urea, and the remaining Tersperse ® 2500, Tersperse ® 4894, and Surfynol ® 104PG-50 were added to the tank. Then the Michem ® Lube 156P and Dur-O-Set ® E-200 were added to the tank.
• the mixer rate was then increased to provide a high shear and vortex.
• the clothianidin/metalaxyl/metconazole slurry was slowly added to the tank over a period of at least 15 minutes.
• the mixture was agitated at high shear for at least 15 minutes.
• a formulation for seed treatment was prepared using the following procedure with the amounts by weight percent and by pounds per gallon of the finished product listed below in Table 10.
• Kathon ® CG/ICP to a small mixing tank equipped with a high shear mixer. With the mixer operating at 3000 rpm, the Kelzan ® CC was added and mixed for at least one hour to ensure proper dispersion and hydration of the Kelzan ® CC. The amount of each component added is listed below in Table 12.
• a slurry of the three active ingredients was prepared.
• Deionized water was added to a mixing tank equipped with a high shear mixer. While mixing at a rate to maintain a vortex, the Tersperse ® 2500, Tersperse ® 4894, and Surfynol ® 104PG-50 were added. The mixture was blended for 10 minutes or until it was homogeneous. Next, part of the Kelzan ® premix was added and mixed for 20 minutes or until it was homogeneous. The mixer rate was then increased to provide a high shear and vortex, while clothianidin, metalaxyl, and metconazole were gradually added. The slow rate of adding the solid materials avoided powder accumulation at the surface.
• the slurry was mixed for an additional 20 minutes or until the solid active ingredients were completely dispersed.
• the slurry can be recirculated through an in-line high speed mixer to facilitate the dispersion process.
• the amount of each component added is listed below in Table 13. Table 13
• the slurry was then milled to the target median particle size using a small media mill equipped with 0.8 to 1.0 mm ceramic media.
• a small media mill equipped with 0.8 to 1.0 mm ceramic media.
• zirconium silicate or oxide may be used. Any equivalent small media mill may be used that can achieve the desired particle size.
• the finished product was prepared.
• Deionized water was added to the main blending tank equipped with a high shear mixer. While set at a rate to maintain a vortex, the 20% Selvol ® 203 solution was added and mixed until homogeneous or for 15 minutes. The Selvol ® 203 solution was completely diluted in order to prevent the PVA from precipitating. While mixing, the propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, urea, and the remainder of the Tersperse ® 2500, Tersperse ® 4894, and Surfynol ® 104PG-50 were added to the tank. Then the Michem ® Lube 156P and Dur-O-Set ® E-200 were added to the tank.
• the mixer rate was then increased to provide a high shear and vortex.
• the clothianidin/metalaxyl/metconazole slurry was slowly added to the tank over a period of at least 15 minutes.
• the mixture was agitated at high shear for at least 15 minutes.
• Kelzan ® CC premix was added and mixed until the formulation was homogeneous. Additional water may be added to adjust the viscosity, if necessary. The amount of each component added is listed below in Table 14. Table 14
• a formulation for seed treatment was prepared using the following procedure with the amounts by weight percent and by pounds per gallon of the finished product listed below in Table 15.
• Kelzan ® CC premix was prepared by adding deionized water and Kathon ® CG/ICP to a small mixing tank equipped with a high shear mixer. With the mixer operating at 3000 rpm, the Kelzan ® CC was added and mixed for at least one hour to ensure proper dispersion and hydration of the Kelzan ® CC. The amount of each component added is listed below in Table 17.
• a metalaxyl and metconazole solution was prepared. Propylene glycol and hexylene glycol were added to a mixing tank equipped with a mixer. While mixing at a rate sufficient to maintain a vortex, metalaxyl and metconazole were added. The solution was mixed until it was clear and homogeneous. Optionally, the solution may be heated to 40° C to accelerate the dissolution rate, but the temperature of the solution should not exceed 50° C. The amount of each component added is listed below in Table 18.
• a clothianidin slurry was prepared. Deionized water was added to a mixing tank equipped with a high shear mixer. While mixing at a rate to maintain a vortex, the Tersperse ® 2500, Tersperse ® 4894, and Surfynol ® 104PG-50 were added. The mixture was blended for 10 minutes or until it was homogeneous. Next, part of the Kelzan ® premix was added and mixed for 20 minutes or until it was homogeneous. The mixer rate was then increased to provide a high shear and vortex, while clothianidin was gradually added. The slow rate of adding the solid materials avoided powder accumulation at the surface. The slurry was mixed for an additional 20 minutes or until the clothianidin was completely dispersed. Optionally, the slurry can be recirculated through an in-line high-speed mixer to facilitate the dispersion process. The amount of each component added is listed below in Table 19. Table 19
• the slurry was then milled to the target median particle size using a small media mill equipped with 0.8 to 1.0 mm ceramic media.
• a small media mill equipped with 0.8 to 1.0 mm ceramic media.
• zirconium silicate or oxide may be used. Any equivalent small media mill may be used that can achieve the desired particle size.
• the finished product was prepared.
• Deionized water was added to the main blending tank equipped with a high shear mixer. While set at a rate to maintain a vortex, the 20% Selvol ® 203 solution was added and mixed until homogeneous or for 15 minutes. The Selvol ® 203 solution was completely diluted in order to prevent the PVA from precipitating. While mixing, the Tersperse ® 2500, Tersperse ® 4894, and Surfynol ® 104PG-50 were added to the tank. Then the Michem ® Lube 156P was added to the tank.
• the mixer rate was then increased to provide a high shear and vortex.
• the clothianidin slurry was slowly added to the tank over a period of at least 15 minutes.
• the metalaxyl and metconazole solution was slowly added to the tank. The mixture was agitated at high shear for at least 15 minutes.
• the formulations of the present invention were subjected to seed safety and efficacy testing.
• the formulations of the present invention provided for excellent seed safety and effective protection against seed and seedling diseases and insects.
• the seed treatment reduced dust-off of the active ingredients and inerts from the treated seed. Efficiency was compared to untreated seeds and to commercial seed treatment standards known by those familiar to the seed industry.
• Example 2 provided excellent activity against barley loose smut caused by the pathogen, Ustilago nuda, in a field trial. Stand establishment across treatments showed no significant differences. Yield data from the study showed Formulation of Example 2 provided a numerical value of 3.16 -5.33 Bu/A increase over the untreated barley.
• Example 1 provides yield performance in a winter wheat trial. Aphids were noted as a pest in the field trial. The Formulation of Example 1 provided increased yields by effectively controlling the pest.

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• 2014
  • 2014-02-20 WO PCT/US2014/017360 patent/WO2014130653A1/en active Application Filing
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