WO2014121949A2 - Dispositif et procédé de climatisation de l'air ambiant - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de climatisation de l'air ambiant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014121949A2
WO2014121949A2 PCT/EP2014/000353 EP2014000353W WO2014121949A2 WO 2014121949 A2 WO2014121949 A2 WO 2014121949A2 EP 2014000353 W EP2014000353 W EP 2014000353W WO 2014121949 A2 WO2014121949 A2 WO 2014121949A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
working fluid
hollow body
area
evaporator
condenser
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/000353
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2014121949A3 (fr
WO2014121949A9 (fr
Inventor
Lars Malindretos
Original Assignee
Lars Malindretos
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lars Malindretos filed Critical Lars Malindretos
Publication of WO2014121949A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014121949A2/fr
Publication of WO2014121949A9 publication Critical patent/WO2014121949A9/fr
Publication of WO2014121949A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014121949A3/fr

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B3/00Self-contained rotary compression machines, i.e. with compressor, condenser and evaporator rotating as a single unit
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02Heat pumps of the compression type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for conditioning ambient air.
  • Peltier elements can also be used as cooling or condensation elements.
  • a disadvantage of all these devices is that these, per se proven units, are subject to a relatively high energy consumption and thus no longer meet today's wishes for energy-saving facilities. Desweitern their structure is relatively expensive.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY Objects of the invention is to propose a method and a device which does not have at least one disadvantage of the prior art.
  • a method of the aforementioned type is proposed in which the working fluid is enclosed in a hollow body in which pressure energy can be built up.
  • the working fluid starting from a gaseous state, is rotated in such a way that forces acting on the working fluid cause a compression in the working fluid, whereby the working fluid is at least partially liquefied.
  • the hollow body is rotationally symmetrical. Since the working fluid in the hollow body is rotated in the operating state, this is particularly important for an effective working process. This also enables a smooth process flow. Also, a rotationally symmetrical design of the hollow body for an inventive device associated with the inventive device is advantageous because imbalance is avoided or at least largely avoided and increases the life of a device according to the invention described below in this way.
  • the compression of the working fluid thus takes place by the forces that arise during the rotation of the working fluid in the hollow body.
  • a compressor as in a classic air conditioning or dehumidification can thus be omitted.
  • a working fluid in a hollow body in which pressure energy can be built up, starting from a gaseous state is rotated in such a way that acts on the working fluid forces which causes an increase in pressure in the working fluid and this at least partially in the liquid state is transferred, that the working fluid is compressed by means of a switchable element higher.
  • resulting force rather serves the mathematical Design and may in particular include force or pressure components, which are composed of centrifugal forces, acting in the hollow body internal pressure and process pressures.
  • the switchable element is therefore preferably a solid element, such as a ball.
  • a solid element such as a ball.
  • the switchable element thus has a process-enhancing effect. It may be particularly preferred that a plurality of such elements be introduced successively or simultaneously into the process. Particular preference is given to solid elements of high density, for example of steel or tungsten. If a switchable element designed as a ball is used in the method, it may occasionally be particularly preferred that the diameter of the ball is adapted to an inner diameter of tracks of the working fluid circuit described below of a device according to the invention.
  • a thermal energy proportional to the pressure increase in connection with the compression is exchanged via a part associated with the pressure vessel with a first process fluid, in particular process air, or with an adjacent component.
  • a first process fluid in particular process air
  • at least some of the working fluid in the subsequent process step is conducted into an evaporator and a proportional thermal energy necessary in connection with the state change to the evaporation is exchanged via a part associated with the pressure vessel with a second process fluid, in particular working air.
  • the resulting in the process of thermal energy does not have to be delivered to a working fluid, but can also, at least partially, be delivered to adjacent components. These can also be components or devices that convert the thermal energy into other forms of energy.
  • the switchable element can be designed for further compression in such a way that it can be switched on by means of a magnetic field.
  • any wiring in the container e.g. would be necessary with an electric pump, are dispensed with, so that no leaks can occur at the then necessary passages.
  • the working fluid is caused to rotate in that the rotationally symmetrical hollow body is set in rotation.
  • the structure is characterized very simple and different shaped rotationally symmetric hollow body can be very easily combined with a drive device.
  • the working fluid in the rotationally symmetrical hollow body can be set in rotation by exerting external forces on the working fluid.
  • the hollow body does not need to be driven.
  • the rotational movement could be effected via a magnetically coupled to a drive stirring rod.
  • the driven rotationally symmetrical hollow body may comprise spiral-shaped guide elements, through which the working medium is compressed from an inner area into an outer area and there and / or at least partially liquefied.
  • a working fluid it is possible to use any means which has gasification properties from the state of matter, preferably a refrigerant, in particular a refrigerant, from one of the following groups: R1, R4, R7, etc.
  • a refrigerant in particular a refrigerant
  • R1, R4, R7 etc.
  • the refrigerant R can be used. 744 are used because it has a very large volumetric cooling capacity, the circulating refrigerant volume is therefore relatively small. It is not flammable and does not contribute to ozone depletion.
  • a device for conditioning process air has a hollow body with a condenser region and an evaporator region, which is filled with a working fluid, wherein the condenser and evaporator region communicate with each other. Furthermore, the device comprises a connecting element, by means of which liquid working fluid can be conducted from the condenser area into the evaporator area, so that a working fluid circuit can arise, as well as a drive.
  • the hollow body is constructed such that the working fluid in the hollow body can be set in rotation by means of a drive device driven by the drive in such a way that forces acting on the working fluid cause the working fluid to compress, as a result of which the working fluid can be liquefied at least partially in the condenser region.
  • the hollow body When using a refrigerant, the hollow body can be filled so that this refrigerant, which is partially present in the gaseous and partially in the liquid state. If such a filled hollow body is set in rotation, the refrigerant collects by the centrifugal forces in the region of the largest diameter and is further compressed by the forces occurring.
  • the hollow body is most preferably constructed to be rotationally symmetrical, and the working fluid in the container can be driven by means of a drive motor driven by the drive.
  • NEN drive device are set in rotation such that acting on the working fluid forces that causes a compression of the working fluid, whereby the working fluid is at least partially liquefied in the condenser area or provides for a further pressure increase in already liquefied working fluid.
  • the device comprises an energy-converting device or is in operative connection with an energy-converting device.
  • the energieumpartyne unit converts the thermal energy drop of the device into electricity or back into work.
  • the additional energy-converting unit may for example be a piezoelectric element or be formed like a turbine.
  • the hollow body jacket can have at least one partial surface which is thermally conductive and can be exchanged via the thermal process energy with a first process fluid, in particular working air, outside the pressure vessel designed as a hollow body.
  • the hollow body jacket in the evaporator region can have at least one partial surface which is thermally conductive and can be exchanged via the thermal process energy with a second process fluid, in particular process air, outside the hollow body.
  • the hollow body is formed in one piece. Then it is the highest pressure exposable and good in mass production.
  • the hollow body is designed in several parts.
  • a multi-part design can be of particular advantage.
  • the hollow body may be a rotor driven by the drive with at least one vane, wherein at least a part of the working fluid cycle runs through the at least one vane.
  • the wing is designed such that the working air is moved through this and can exchange thermal energy with it when sweeping the wing surface.
  • the rotor can equip the rotor with a plurality of wings, which are connected to a circumferential at the wing ends annular channel, wherein the working fluid circuit passes through at least half of the existing wings.
  • the annular channel connect the cavity of the container circumferentially or divided into individual chambers, preferably always associated with a wing.
  • a separate cooling circuit, or working fluid circuit are built up as soon as the device rotates.
  • each annular chamber is connected via a separate capillary tube to the / the evaporator region.
  • Winged structures are understood to mean propellers, impellers, turbine wheels and similar components.
  • the spiral shape of the wing can be chosen such that in In one direction of rotation of the rotor, the vanes form the evaporator region and the annular duct form the condenser region.
  • the connecting element can extend inside or outside the hollow body from the condenser area to the evaporator area. It is advantageous if the connecting element is a capillary tube, through which the liquefied working fluid is conducted from the condenser region to the evaporator region.
  • the connecting element in the condenser region can be preceded by a pump device by means of which the working fluid can be further compressed and pumped through the connecting element to the evaporator region.
  • a pump device by means of which the working fluid can be further compressed and pumped through the connecting element to the evaporator region.
  • the piston of the pump comprises a magnet which is movable by means of an externally acting magnetic field from a first position to a second and thereby the piston space is reduced and the piston by means of a spring action or centrifugal forces in the first position is moved back. Due to this simple design, the pump can be easily integrated into the propeller.
  • the hollow body it is possible to roll it up in such a spiral manner that the first and / or second process fluid can flow around the hollow body.
  • This design can be made very easily, wherein the direction of the spiral determines the basic function of the device.
  • the hollow body can be profiled like a wing, so that the container causes the process fluid (s) to flow during rotation.
  • each hollow body structure may be at least partially filled with a sponge-like, structurally open gas-permeable or gas- and liquid-permeable material.
  • a sponge-like, structurally open gas-permeable or gas- and liquid-permeable material for example, aluminum foam or similar foams, but also sponges can be used.
  • the agent causes the gaseous working fluid to condense and thereby the Cooling means, wherein the liquefied working fluid moves after condensation back to the outside.
  • the hollow body entirely from such a material, in which case a material, such as aluminum foam, should be selected, which forms a closed outer skin, which is in particular gas-tight.
  • a material such as aluminum foam
  • This can be produced, for example, by the fact that the casting mold for the aluminum foam has a correspondingly high temperature.
  • the sponge-like, gas-permeable means for producing a gas-permeable skin is sealed.
  • a simple heat-sealing lacquer or the like may be sufficient.
  • sealing will be necessary, for example, by a dipping process in liquid metal or by sprayed metal.
  • the seal can also be designed in two or more parts. If the device is used for dewatering of room air, it is advantageous if the hollow body in the region of a wing has a condensate collecting device, can be collected by means of the condensed water and selectively discharged.
  • the hollow body may be coated on the outside at least in a partial area, wherein the coating may have absorbent properties.
  • the coating can be applied to a water-permeable membrane and the hollow body can, in the region of the wing, have partial regions through which water can be conducted into an intermediate layer or onto the rear-side wing surface. Furthermore, an additional cooling part may be provided, on which the moisture condenses. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the water is collected in a Wassersammei- and discharge and targeted derived.
  • Another way to build the device is the hollow body of two mounted on an axis propellers or disc-shaped chambers produce, which communicate with each other.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable to be installed in a wall, wherein a propeller or disk-shaped chamber on the inside of the inside air circulates and exchanges thermal energy and the other exchanges with the outside air thermal energy.
  • the invention furthermore relates to a hollow body for a device for conditioning process air, wherein the hollow body comprises a condenser area and evaporator area which can be filled at least partially with a working fluid and can be conducted from the condenser area into the evaporator area by the liquid working fluid, preferably via a connecting element is, are connectable such that a working fluid circuit is nostic.
  • the hollow body according to the invention is constructed in such a way that the working fluid in the hollow body can be set in rotation by means of a drive device driven by a drive in such a way that forces acting on the working fluid cause a compression of the working fluid, whereby the working fluid is at least partially liquefied in the condenser region.
  • Figure 1 shows the principle of operation of the method using the example of an impeller
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of an impeller
  • FIG. 4 Stowage flap in front of capillary tube
  • Figure 1 shows the principle of operation of the method using the example of an impeller in section.
  • the hollow body 1 is mounted on an axle 3, which is set in rotation by means of a drive, not shown. If the system is in rotation, the working fluid, as shown here, is thrown in a first direction of rotation by the centrifugal force into the annular channel 2 of the illustrated rotational symmetrical hollow body 1. As a result, a pressure in the working fluid, here a refrigerant, builds up.
  • the refrigerant which in the non-rotating system in the gaseous state 9 has a pressure of about 1 bar, is compressed by the rotation so that the pressure of the working fluid in the case of the refrigerant used is increased to about 3 to 10 bar and at least partially liquefied 8 becomes.
  • the thermal energy which occurs or is generated in this context and which is proportional or approximately proportional to the compression or pressure increase of the working fluid is at least partially exchanged via the annular channel 2, and / or a partial surface of the pressure vessel with the working air 7, which is heated by it.
  • the refrigerant is designed so that the condensation temperature at the pressure generated on a Temperature rises, which is at least over 20 ° C.
  • the refrigerant can be filled in, the hollow body also with a pre-pressure, so that this is partially in the liquid state after filling.
  • the now-liquid working fluid via the capillary tube 10 in the evaporator region, the scar and the wing 11, shown here simplified, passed.
  • the capillary tube 10 reduces the pressure to such an extent that the boiling temperature drops, and the coolant cools abruptly when passing into the evaporator.
  • the proportional thermal energy necessary for evaporation in connection with the change in state is exchanged via the scar and / or the wing 11 with the process air 6, which is thereby cooled.
  • the hollow body of a particularly thermally conductive material, for.
  • a particularly thermally conductive material for.
  • the hollow body has areas which are insulated, for example, by the provision of a plastic coating.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of an impeller 2. Also, this drawing is intended to illustrate only the principle of the process. As in Figure 1, not all details are shown here, which may still be necessary for the function.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show ways in which the pressure in the cooling liquid can be further increased.
  • the solutions are in relation to that Impeller shown in Figures 1 and 2. This functionality can also be incorporated into other or one of the following versions.
  • the pump 12 can be used to increase the pressure in the coolant clocked on.
  • the pump 12 as well as the flap 18 are actuated from the outside by means of a magnet 14.
  • the number of attached to the rotationally symmetrical hollow body 1 magnets 14 determines the clock per revolution.
  • the pump 12 is made of a magnetic material by means of the magnet 14 movable piston 13 which is pressed by means of the spring 16 in a first position, suction. As soon as the pump is rotated past a magnet, the magnetic forces act on the piston and this is entrained by the latter and pumps the coolant 8 against the check valve 16 in the capillary tube 10, whereby the refrigerant is further compressed. It is not shown that the heat generated by the pump 12 is dissipated by means of cooling fins on the annular body 2. The suction takes place via the intake 17, which should preferably suck on the outermost point of the hollow body or annular channel. For this purpose, it is also possible to provide recesses in the hollow body 1 in which the coolant collects due to the centrifugal forces. The flap 18 generated by the inertia a sudden pressure increase in the coolant 8, when this is placed by means of the outer magnet.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the hollow body 1. If the hollow body 1, or propeller, rotated in this embodiment in the clockwise direction, the cooling liquid is liquefied in the annular channel 2.
  • the spiral vanes 11 in this case represent the evaporator region 22 and come into contact with the process air 6, which is thereby cooled and / or dehydrated.
  • the condenser region 21 is in this case the annular channel 2, here is exchanged via the wall heat with the working air 7, whereby the working air is heated.
  • the waste heat of the condensation process caused by the change in state of the working fluid within a rotating hollow body is created, so it is delivered to the working air, in general so in the room existing ambient air.
  • the capillary tubes 10 can, as shown here, extend within the condenser region 21 from the condenser region 21 to the evaporator region 22 within, but also outside, the wing 1.
  • FIG. 6 shows, by way of example, an embodiment in the form of a screw.
  • the hollow body 1 of the screw is rolled up in a spiral in such a way that the first and / or second process fluid (6, 7) can flow around the hollow body (1).
  • the subsection of this is also with this the process air 6 and / or the working air 7 comes in contact at least partially profiled like a wing, so that the container during rotation, the process fluid 6 and / or the working air 7 in flow.
  • FIGS. 7a, 7b and 8 differs significantly from the previous ones.
  • a hollow body 1 which is formed by two propellers 24.
  • the two propellers 24, or their cavities are interconnected.
  • a partition Between the two propellers 24 is a partition, here a wall 28 which is formed in the region of the propeller 24 by a filling material.
  • This device can be easily mounted from one side of the wall 28.
  • the propellers 24 may be constructed substantially as described above and shown in FIG. 5 or 6.
  • the propeller 24 are constructed mirror-inverted on both sides of the wall 28 and the filling material 25, see Fig. 8, that is, the flights 11 of the propeller are substantially shaped so that the process air 6 and the working air 7, depending on Direction of rotation of the axis 3, is moved from outside to inside or from inside to outside.
  • the propellers are constructed such that one operates as a cooling wheel and the other as a heating wheel. In other words, this means that the compression takes place in the ring area in one propeller 24 and in the hub area in the other propeller.
  • the process air propeller operates as a cooling wheel, e.g. to cool the room air and / or to dehumidify, and the working air propeller as a heating, z. B. dissipate the heat over the outside air.
  • connection between the evaporator propeller and the condenser propeller in this variant is the capillary tube 10 positioned near the axis 3.
  • the connection of the annular channels can be a capillary tube or a simple connecting tube 29.
  • the working fluid is precompressed in the annular channel 2 of the cooling wheel and passed from there via the connection 29 to the heating wheel and there further compressed by the reverse compression process, from annular channel towards the scar and liquefied.
  • Fig. 7b the case is shown when the device is rotated in the opposite direction. Then the evaporator wheel is the working air propeller and the compression wheel is the process air propeller. Since only the direction of rotation is changed, the air flows through the propeller are exactly reversed as shown in Fig. 7a.
  • the motor can be arranged in the intermediate layer as shown in both figures and the torque support can be effected via the axle which is fastened to the wall by means of fastening means, not shown.
  • the intermediate layer has an annular channel, not shown for the connection 29, so that the hollow body 1 can rotate freely. Also not shown are possible construction variants of a wing and the Kondeswasserabtechnisch from the wing.
  • the wings can be designed to be adjustable, wherein the skilled person various types of adjustment from the StdT are known, such as a temperature-controlled adjustment.
  • a color indicator or wireless temperature sensor can also be used.
  • the speed of the example designed as a propeller cavity can but continue to be made depending on ram pressure, differential pressure, flow, humidity, temperature and / or the dew point of the working fluid or the process air.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de conversion d'un fluide de travail d'un état d'agrégat à un autre état. L'intention est notamment de réduire la consommation d'énergie. A cet effet, l'invention prévoit que le fluide de travail contenu dans un corps creux (1) dans lequel peut être établie une énergie de pression, est mis en rotation à partir d'un état gazeux, de telle façon que des forces agissant sur le fluide de travail provoquent une compression de ce dernier, ce qui entraîne la liquéfaction au moins partielle du fluide de travail. L'invention concerne également un dispositif et un objet.
PCT/EP2014/000353 2013-02-09 2014-02-10 Dispositif et procédé de climatisation de l'air ambiant WO2014121949A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013002128 2013-02-09
DE102013002128 2013-02-09
DE102013002128.6 2013-02-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014121949A2 true WO2014121949A2 (fr) 2014-08-14
WO2014121949A9 WO2014121949A9 (fr) 2014-10-30
WO2014121949A3 WO2014121949A3 (fr) 2014-12-18

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PCT/EP2014/000353 WO2014121949A2 (fr) 2013-02-09 2014-02-10 Dispositif et procédé de climatisation de l'air ambiant

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DE (1) DE102014001597A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014121949A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014203565A1 (de) 2014-02-27 2015-08-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Steuereinrichtung und Verfahren zur Antriebsschlupfregelung für ein elektrisches Antriebssystem

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1374306A (en) * 1970-11-14 1974-11-20 Principia Stiftung Rotary heat pump

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1374306A (en) * 1970-11-14 1974-11-20 Principia Stiftung Rotary heat pump

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WO2014121949A3 (fr) 2014-12-18
WO2014121949A9 (fr) 2014-10-30
DE102014001597A1 (de) 2014-09-25

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