WO2014112034A1 - Procédé et système de diagnostic d'anomalie - Google Patents

Procédé et système de diagnostic d'anomalie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014112034A1
WO2014112034A1 PCT/JP2013/050524 JP2013050524W WO2014112034A1 WO 2014112034 A1 WO2014112034 A1 WO 2014112034A1 JP 2013050524 W JP2013050524 W JP 2013050524W WO 2014112034 A1 WO2014112034 A1 WO 2014112034A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particles
machine element
oil
abnormality
wear powder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/050524
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
矢野 昭彦
陽 秋山
裕幸 山口
湯下 篤
Original Assignee
三菱重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 三菱重工業株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工業株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2013/050524 priority Critical patent/WO2014112034A1/fr
Publication of WO2014112034A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014112034A1/fr

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/26Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
    • G01N33/28Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
    • G01N33/2835Specific substances contained in the oils or fuels
    • G01N33/2858Metal particles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00Transmission of mechanical power
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/28Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being a pump or a compressor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16NLUBRICATING
    • F16N29/00Special means in lubricating arrangements or systems providing for the indication or detection of undesired conditions; Use of devices responsive to conditions in lubricating arrangements or systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M5/00Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
    • G01M5/0033Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining damage, crack or wear
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/40Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/406Transmission of power through hydraulic systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16NLUBRICATING
    • F16N2200/00Condition of lubricant
    • F16N2200/04Detecting debris, chips, swarfs
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an apparatus abnormality diagnosis method and system including a plurality of machine elements and a circulation line through which oil circulates via the plurality of machine elements.
  • the form of fine particles of wear powder contained in oil correlates with the generation factor. That is, since the size, shape, etc. of the fine particles of the wear powder differ depending on the contact state between the members, it has also been proposed to diagnose an abnormality of the device using this correlation.
  • the particle shape is evaluated on the basis of the particle size of the wear powder in the lubricating oil and the acicular ratio, which is the ratio of the short diameter to the long diameter of the wear powder, so that cracks, damage, wear, etc.
  • An apparatus for diagnosing the status of a device is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 2 describes the lubrication state of the lubrication target part based on the particle size distribution of the fine particles contained in the lubricating oil and the particle size distribution ratio indicating the ratio of the change in the particle size distribution over time.
  • An apparatus for diagnosing is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 1 is configured to analyze a lubricating oil containing only wear powder generated from one bearing to be diagnosed for the purpose of bearing state diagnosis and remaining life evaluation.
  • Patent Document 2 describes a configuration for diagnosing a plurality of machine elements, a plurality of diagnostic devices corresponding to the plurality of machine elements are provided to detect a lubrication state of each machine element. No specific method for analyzing oil in which wear powder generated from a plurality of machine elements is mixed is disclosed.
  • An object of at least one embodiment of the present invention is to provide an abnormality diagnosis method and system capable of properly diagnosing each machine element using this oil even if the oil is a mixture of wear particles generated from a plurality of machine elements. That is.
  • An abnormality diagnosis method includes a first machine element having a rolling contact portion, a second machine element not having a rolling contact portion, the first machine element, and the second machine element.
  • a circulating line through which the oil circulates, and at least a part of the oil is used as a lubricating oil for the rolling contact portion.
  • the oil circulating in the circulation line may be used differently in each machine element, such as lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, or cooling medium.
  • an abnormality diagnosis method when an abnormality is detected based on the number of particles of wear powder particles, an abnormality has occurred based on the ratio of the number of tabular particles in the wear powder particles to particles of other shapes. Since the machine elements are specified, it is possible to properly diagnose each machine element using this oil even if the oil contains wear powder generated from a plurality of machine elements. In general, it is known that the particle shape of wear powder particles correlates with the generation factor. Among them, the amount of the tabular grains is increased mainly due to wear of the rolling contact portion, and particularly when the rolling contact portion is subjected to fatigue wear, the generated amount is increased by peeling the member into a scaly shape.
  • an abnormality occurs between the first machine element having a rolling contact portion and the second machine element not having a rolling contact portion.
  • Machine elements can be identified.
  • an abnormality in the rolling contact portion is likely to cause serious damage to the apparatus, it is extremely important to detect the abnormality in the rolling contact portion at an early stage in smooth operation of the apparatus.
  • the second mechanical element has a sliding contact portion, and in the particle number ratio acquisition step, the particle number ratio of the tabular particles and the spherical particles as the particles of the other shapes. May be detected.
  • spherical wear particles are mainly generated at the sliding contact portion. Therefore, by detecting the ratio of spherical particles to tabular particles, it is possible to identify whether the wear powder generated from the first machine element having the rolling contact portion or the wear powder generated from the second machine element having the sliding contact portion. It becomes possible to do.
  • the steady wear region refers to an operation region in which the number of wear powder particles contained in the oil is in the range of the number of wear powder particles generated during normal operation of the apparatus.
  • the abnormal wear region refers to an operation region in the range of the number of wear powder particles generated during abnormal operation that requires maintenance such as component replacement or repair of the apparatus in the near future.
  • the machine element in which the abnormality has occurred is identified from the comparison result of the particle number ratio in the steady wear region acquired in advance and the particle number ratio in the abnormal wear region, it corresponds to the device to be diagnosed. Therefore, it is possible to set appropriate judgment criteria, and to obtain a highly accurate diagnosis result.
  • acquisition of the particle number ratio may be started when the number of particles of the wear powder exceeds the threshold in the determination step.
  • An abnormality diagnosis method includes an oil circulation line through which oil circulates via a first machine element and a second machine element, and a first provided on the downstream side of the first machine element. 1 filter and a second filter provided on the downstream side of the second machine element, wherein at least a part of the oil is used as lubricating oil for the first machine element and the second machine element.
  • a second detection step for detecting the number of particles of wear powder contained in the oil flowing through the circulation line between the second filter, the number of particles detected in the first detection step, and the second Grain detected in the detection step Based on the time integral value of the difference between the number, characterized in that it comprises an abnormality site identification step of anomaly to identify the mechanical elements that occur among the first mechanical element and the second machine element.
  • the first filter is provided on the downstream side of the first machine element, and the second filter is provided on the downstream side of the second machine element. Therefore, the first machine element, the first filter,
  • the number of particles detected in the first detection step is mainly the number of particles of wear powder derived from the first machine element, and is detected in the second detection step between the second machine element and the second filter.
  • the number of particles is mainly the number of wear powder particles derived from the second machine element. Therefore, by identifying the mechanical element in which the abnormality has occurred based on the time integral value of the difference between the number of particles detected in the first detection step and the number of particles detected in the second detection step, Even if the detection result includes variations in instantaneous values, a more accurate abnormality diagnosis is possible.
  • the device may be a hydraulic transmission of a wind power generator having a hydraulic pump including the first mechanical element and a hydraulic motor including the second mechanical element.
  • the first machine element having a rolling contact portion is preferably used, and the hydraulic motor has a high rotation speed, so the second machine having a sliding contact portion.
  • Elements are preferably used.
  • wear powder having different shapes is generated in hydraulic transmissions having different types of contact portions, so that the abnormality of the apparatus can be appropriately diagnosed by the above-described abnormality diagnosis method.
  • An abnormality diagnosis system includes a first machine element having a rolling contact part, a second machine element not having a rolling contact part, the first machine element, and the second machine element.
  • An oil circulation line through which oil circulates, and an abnormality diagnosis system for an apparatus in which at least a part of the oil is used as lubricating oil for the rolling contact portion, and the wear contained in the oil flowing through the circulation line A detection unit that detects the number of particles of powder, a determination unit that determines whether or not the number of particles of the wear powder detected in the detection step exceeds a threshold, and the tabular particles and other shapes in the wear powder
  • a ratio acquisition unit that acquires a particle number ratio of the particles, and when it is determined in the detection step that the number of particles of the wear powder exceeds the threshold, based on the particle number ratio, the first machine element and Said Characterized in that it comprises a abnormal point identifying unit that identifies a mechanical element abnormality occurs among the mechanical elements.
  • an abnormality when an abnormality is detected based on the number of particles of wear powder particles, an abnormality has occurred based on the ratio of the number of tabular particles in the wear powder particles to other shapes of particles. Since the machine element is specified, even if the oil contains wear powder generated from different machine elements, the first machine element having the rolling contact portion and the second machine element not having the rolling contact portion Of these, it is possible to identify the machine element in which an abnormality has occurred.
  • An abnormality diagnosis system is provided on an oil circulation line through which oil circulates via a first machine element and a second machine element, and on a downstream side of the first machine element.
  • a first filter and a second filter provided on the downstream side of the second machine element, wherein at least a part of the oil is used as lubricating oil for the first machine element and the second machine element
  • a first detection unit that detects the number of particles of wear powder contained in the oil flowing through the circulation line between the first machine element and the first filter, and the second
  • a second detector for detecting the number of particles of wear powder contained in the oil flowing through the circulation line between a mechanical element and the second filter; the number of particles detected by the first detector; Difference from the number of particles detected by the second detector Based on the time integration value, characterized in that it comprises a first mechanical element and the abnormal location identification unit for identifying the mechanical element abnormality occurs in the second machine element.
  • the number of particles detected by the first detection unit is mainly the number of particles of wear powder derived from the first machine element, and is detected by the second detection unit between the second machine element and the second filter.
  • the number of particles is mainly the number of wear powder particles derived from the second machine element. Therefore, by specifying the mechanical element in which the abnormality has occurred based on the time integral value of the difference between the number of particles detected by the first detection unit and the number of particles detected by the second detection unit, Even if the detection result varies with instantaneous values, more accurate abnormality diagnosis is possible.
  • the abnormality when an abnormality is detected based on the number of particles of wear powder particles, the abnormality is determined based on the ratio of the number of tabular particles in the wear powder particles and particles of other shapes. Since the generated machine element is specified, the first machine element having the rolling contact portion and the second machine element not having the rolling contact portion even if the oil contains the abrasion powder generated from the different machine elements. It is possible to identify a machine element in which an abnormality has occurred.
  • a machine in which an abnormality has occurred based on a time integral value of a difference between the number of particles detected by the first detection unit and the number of particles detected by the second detection unit.
  • (A) is a graph which shows the example of each time-dependent change of the particle number C and particle number D in an abrasion powder
  • (B) is a graph which shows the example of the time integral value of the difference of particle number C and particle number D.
  • It is a flowchart which shows the abnormality diagnosis method which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the abnormality diagnosis method which concerns on other embodiment.
  • a hydraulic transmission of a wind power generator having a hydraulic pump as a first machine element and a hydraulic motor as a second machine element will be described as an example.
  • the scope of application is not limited to the hydraulic transmission of wind power generators, but includes lubricating oil, including hydraulic transmissions of other renewable energy power generators such as tidal current power generators, ocean current power generators, and river current power generators.
  • the present invention can be applied to all devices in which a plurality of machine elements are connected by a circulation line through which contained oil circulates.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a hydraulic transmission and its peripheral devices of the wind turbine generator according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a hydraulic pump.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the hydraulic motor.
  • the wind power generator 1 diagnoses an abnormality in the rotor 2 that rotates by receiving wind, the hydraulic transmission 9 that accelerates the rotation of the rotor 2, the generator 14 that generates electric power, and the hydraulic transmission 9.
  • the abnormality diagnosis system 40 is provided.
  • the rotor 2 includes a rotor blade 3 and a hub 4 to which the rotor blade 3 is attached.
  • a rotating shaft 6 is attached to the hub 4, and the rotor 2 rotates together with the rotating shaft 6 by the wind force received by the rotating blades 3, and rotation is input to the hydraulic transmission 9 via the rotating shaft 6.
  • the hydraulic transmission 9 has a hydraulic pump 10 connected to the rotary shaft 6, a hydraulic motor 12 connected to the generator 14, and an oil circulation line provided between the hydraulic pump 10 and the hydraulic motor 12.
  • the circulation line includes a high-pressure oil line 16 that connects the discharge side of the hydraulic pump 10 and the suction side of the hydraulic motor 12, and a low-pressure oil line 18 that connects the suction side of the hydraulic pump 10 and the discharge side of the hydraulic motor 12. It is configured.
  • the hydraulic pump 10 is driven by the rotating shaft 6 to generate high-pressure hydraulic oil.
  • the high-pressure hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic motor 12 through the high-pressure oil line 16, and the hydraulic motor 12 is driven by the high-pressure hydraulic oil.
  • the generator 14 connected to the hydraulic motor 12 is driven, and electric power is generated in the generator 14.
  • the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic motor 12 is supplied to the hydraulic pump 10 via the low-pressure oil line 18, and is boosted again by the hydraulic pump 10 and sent to the hydraulic motor 12.
  • the specific configurations of the hydraulic pump 10 and the hydraulic motor 12 will be described later.
  • the high pressure oil line 16 includes, for example, a high pressure accumulator for the purpose of preventing pulsation in the high pressure oil line 16, absorbing the difference between the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump 10 and the suction amount of the hydraulic motor 12, and accumulating pressure. 20 may be provided.
  • the low pressure oil line 18 may be provided with a low pressure accumulator 22, an oil filter 24, and an oil cooler 26.
  • the low pressure accumulator 22 is provided mainly for the purpose of preventing pulsation of the low pressure oil line 18.
  • the oil filter 24 removes foreign matters such as wear powder contained in the oil flowing through the circulation line.
  • the oil cooler 26 indirectly exchanges heat between the oil flowing through the circulation line and the refrigerant to cool the oil.
  • the low-pressure oil line 18 has a drawing line 35 for drawing out oil used for abnormality diagnosis in an abnormality diagnosis system 40 described later, an oil tank 33 to which oil used for abnormality diagnosis is returned, and an oil A return line 30 for returning the oil stored in the tank 33 to the low-pressure oil line 18 is provided.
  • the return line 30 includes a boost pump 32 that pumps oil from the oil tank 33 to the low pressure oil line 18, and an oil filter 31 that removes foreign matters such as wear powder from the oil returned from the oil tank 33 to the low pressure oil line 18. It may be provided.
  • a bypass line 28 that bypasses the hydraulic motor 14 may be provided.
  • the bypass line 28 is provided with a relief valve 29 that keeps the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the high-pressure oil line 16 below a set pressure. Thereby, when the pressure in the high pressure oil line 16 rises to the set pressure of the relief valve 29, the relief valve 29 is automatically opened, and the high pressure oil can be released to the low pressure oil line 18 through the bypass line 28. .
  • the hydraulic pump 10 includes a plurality of working chambers 63 formed by a cylinder 60 and a piston 62, a ring cam 72 having a cam surface with a corrugated cross section that engages with the piston 62, A high pressure valve 66 and a low pressure valve 68 provided for each working chamber 63 may be used.
  • the ring cam 72 is attached to the outer periphery of the pump shaft 70 connected to the rotary shaft 6.
  • the high pressure valve 66 is provided in the high pressure communication passage 67 between each working chamber 63 and the high pressure oil line 16
  • the low pressure valve 63 is provided in the low pressure communication passage 69 between each working chamber 63 and the low pressure oil line 18. It has been.
  • the piston 62 includes a piston main body 62A that slides in the cylinder 60, and a roller 62B provided at an end of the piston main body 62A.
  • the roller portion 62B is in rolling contact with the cam curved surface of the ring cam 72.
  • the roller 62B rolls and contacts along the cam surface having a cross-sectional wave shape, whereby the piston 62 periodically moves up and down, and the piston 62 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center.
  • the pumping process toward the bottom and the suction process in which the piston 62 heads from the top dead center to the bottom dead center are repeated. Therefore, the volume of the working chamber 63 formed by the piston 62 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder 60 changes periodically.
  • the high pressure valve 66 and the low pressure valve 63 are controlled to open and close, whereby the low pressure oil is drawn into the working chamber 63 from the low pressure oil line 18, and the high pressure oil compressed in the working chamber 63 flows to the high pressure oil line 16. Sent out.
  • a part of the working oil is supplied to the rolling contact portion 75 between the piston 62 and the ring cam 72 from the circulation line as the lubricating oil.
  • a hole 76 that communicates between the working chamber 63 and the accommodation surface of the roller portion 62B is provided in the piston main body 62A, and a part of the working oil in the working chamber 63 is brought into rolling contact through the hole 76. It may be supplied to the unit 75.
  • part of the hydraulic oil may be branched from the low-pressure oil line 18 and supplied as a lubricating oil between the piston 62 and the ring cam 72.
  • the hydraulic oil used as the lubricating oil in the rolling contact portion 75 is mixed with other hydraulic oil and circulated through the circulation line again.
  • the hydraulic motor 14 includes a plurality of working chambers 83 formed by a cylinder 80 and a piston 82, an eccentric cam 90 having a cam curved surface that engages with the piston 82, and each working chamber.
  • a high pressure valve 86 and a low pressure valve 88 provided for 83 may be used.
  • the eccentric cam 90 is attached to an output shaft 92 connected to the generator 14.
  • the high pressure valve 86 is provided in the high pressure communication path 87 between each working chamber 83 and the high pressure oil line 16
  • the low pressure valve 88 is provided in the low pressure communication path 89 between each working chamber 83 and the low pressure oil line 18. It has been.
  • the piston 82 includes a piston main body portion 82A that slides in the cylinder 80, and a shoe portion 82B that is provided at the end of the piston main body portion 82A.
  • the shoe portion 82B is in sliding contact with the peripheral surface of the eccentric cam 90.
  • the piston 82 periodically moves up and down by the differential pressure between the high pressure oil line 16 and the low pressure oil line 18 created by the hydraulic pump 10, and the piston 82 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center. The discharging process in which 82 is directed from the bottom dead center to the top dead center is repeated.
  • the volume of the working chamber 83 formed by the piston 82 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder 80 changes periodically.
  • the high-pressure valve 86 and the low-pressure valve 88 are controlled to open and close, so that the high-pressure oil is drawn from the high-pressure oil line 16 and used after the output shaft 92 is rotated. Discharged.
  • a part of the working oil is supplied to the sliding contact portion 95 between the piston 82 and the eccentric cam 90 from the circulation line as the lubricating oil.
  • a hole 96 for communicating the working chamber 83 and the sliding contact portion 95 is provided in the piston main body portion 82A and the shoe portion 82B, and a part of the working oil in the working chamber 83 is in sliding contact through the hole 96. It may be supplied to the unit 95. Further, a part of the hydraulic oil may be branched from the high pressure oil line 16 or the low pressure oil line 18 and supplied to the sliding contact portion 95 as the lubricating oil. The hydraulic oil used as the lubricating oil in the sliding contact portion 95 is mixed with other hydraulic oil and circulated through the circulation line again.
  • the abnormality diagnosis system 40 includes a storage unit 41, a particle number detection unit 42, a determination unit 44, a particle number ratio acquisition unit 46, an abnormality location specifying unit 48, and an output unit 49.
  • an abnormality is detected from among a plurality of machine elements constituting the apparatus. It is the structure which identifies the generated machine element. Since the shape of the wear powder contained in the oil is due to the generation factor, a particle number ratio corresponding to the particle shape of the wear powder particles is obtained, and abnormalities occur from multiple machine elements based on this particle number ratio Identify the machine element For example, in an apparatus including a first mechanical element having a rolling contact portion and a second mechanical element having a sliding contact portion, tabular grains mainly generated from the rolling contact portion and spherical shapes mainly generated from the sliding contact portion. Particles will be mixed in the oil. The ratio of the number of tabular grains and spherical grains in the oil varies depending on the state of each contact portion.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of changes over time in the number of spherical particles and tabular particles in the wear powder.
  • This graph shows the hydraulic pump 10 and the second mechanical element that are upstream of the filter 24, that is, the first mechanical element, in the circulation line in which the low-pressure oil line 18 is provided with the filter 24 as shown in FIG. A value obtained by collecting oil via the hydraulic motor 12 and detecting the number of particles is shown.
  • the number of tabular grains and spherical grains changes as the operating time elapses. In the familiar region in the initial stage of operation, a relatively large amount of spherical particles are generated immediately after the start of operation, but the generation amount decreases with the passage of time.
  • Tabular grains are generated in a very small amount at the start of operation, but the generation amount gradually increases with time.
  • the amount of spherical particles generated is almost constant or slightly decreasing.
  • the generation amount of tabular grains shows a substantially constant value or a slight increasing tendency as in the familiar area.
  • the total number of particles of wear powder contained in the oil shows a substantially constant value or a slight increasing tendency in the steady wear region.
  • this graph shows a case where an abnormality occurs in the rolling contact portion. In this case, the number of spherical particles is not different from the amount of steady wear region, but the number of tabular particles increases rapidly. .
  • the wear powder contained in the oil passing through the first machine element having the rolling contact portion and the second machine element having the sliding contact portion is composed of tabular grains and particles according to the state of each contact portion.
  • the ratio of the number of spherical particles changes. Therefore, in the abnormality diagnosis system 40, by acquiring the particle number ratio of the tabular particles and the spherical particles in the abnormal wear region, it is possible to grasp from which machine element the wear powder is generated, It is possible to identify the generated machine element.
  • a threshold is set in advance, and the total number of particles in the oil is compared with the threshold to determine whether or not the region is in the abnormal wear region. It is like that.
  • the particle number detection unit 42 detects the number of particles of wear powder contained in the oil using the oil extracted from the low-pressure oil line 18 through the extraction line 35.
  • wear powder generated in the hydraulic pump 10 as the first machine element and wear powder generated in the hydraulic motor 12 as the second machine element are mixed.
  • Detect the number of particles of all types of wear powder contained in the oil At this time, the number of particles of wear powder may be acquired as a concentration which is the number of particles contained in a unit volume of oil.
  • a known measuring device such as a particle counter can be used for the particle number detection unit 42.
  • the particle number detection unit 42 may be online measurement or offline measurement.
  • the detection signal of the number of wear powder particles detected by the particle number detection unit 42 is sent to the determination unit 44.
  • the oil after the number of particles is detected by the particle number detection unit 42 may be returned to the oil tank 33 via the return line 36.
  • the detection signal of the number of wear powder particles is input from the particle number detection unit 42 to the determination unit 44.
  • the determination part 44 compares the threshold value of the number of wear powder particles memorize
  • the storage unit 41 for example, as shown in the graph of FIG. 4, the number of particles indicating an abnormal wear region is set as a threshold value.
  • the determination unit 44 determines that the number of wear powder particles in the oil exceeds the threshold value (that is, the tendency of the generation of wear powder shifts from the normal wear region to the abnormal wear region in FIG. 4).
  • the ratio of the number of spherical particles (A ′) and tabular particles (B ′) in the wear powder using the oil extracted from the low-pressure oil line 18 through the extraction line 35 (for example, B ′ / (A ′ + B ′)) is acquired.
  • the particle number ratio acquisition unit 46 may acquire the particle number ratio by a known method such as qualitative ferrography (analysis ferrography).
  • the particle number ratio acquisition unit 46 may be online measurement or offline measurement.
  • the oil after being used for acquiring the particle number ratio by the particle number ratio acquiring unit 46 may be returned to the oil tank 33 via a return line (not shown).
  • the abnormal part specifying unit 48 specifies a mechanical element in which an abnormality has occurred in the hydraulic pump 10 and the hydraulic motor 12 based on the tabular particle and spherical particle number ratio acquired by the particle number ratio acquiring unit 46.
  • the mechanical element in which an abnormality has occurred may be specified using the relationship between the particle number ratio of each particle and the abnormality occurrence site stored in the storage unit 41 in advance. For example, when the tabular grain number ratio (B ′ / (A ′ + B ′)) exceeds a predetermined ratio, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the hydraulic pump 10 having a rolling contact portion.
  • the output unit 49 outputs a diagnosis result in the abnormality diagnosis system 40.
  • the abnormal part specifying unit 48 includes a particle number ratio (steady value) in the steady wear region and particles in the abnormal wear region after the number of wear powder particles exceeds a threshold value.
  • the machine element where the abnormality occurred is identified from the comparison result with the number ratio. For example, if the ratio of the number of tabular grains in the abnormal wear region (B ′ / (A ′ + B ′)) is larger than the ratio of the number of tabular grains in the steady wear region (B / (A + B)), rolling occurs. It is determined that abnormal wear has occurred in the hydraulic pump 10 having the contact portion.
  • the oil is extracted from the circulation line through which the oil circulates via the hydraulic pump 10 that is the first machine element and the hydraulic motor 12 that is the second machine element, and the number of wear powder particles contained in the oil is detected (S1). .
  • the detection of the number of particles of wear powder may be performed continuously if it is online measurement, or may be performed every predetermined time if it is offline measurement.
  • the number of wear powder particles is compared with a preset threshold value to determine whether the number of wear powder particles exceeds the threshold value (S2). When the number of particles of wear powder does not exceed the threshold, the detection of the number of particles is continued.
  • the particle shape in the wear powder is subsequently analyzed by qualitative ferrography analysis or the like (S3), and the ratio of the number of tabular particles and spherical particles is obtained. (S4). Then, a machine element in which an abnormality has occurred is specified based on the particle number ratio (S5). At this time, when the particle number ratio of the tabular grains is larger than the predetermined ratio, it is specified that the abnormality occurrence portion is the first mechanical element having the rolling contact portion (S6), and the particle number ratio of the spherical particles is the predetermined ratio. If larger, it is specified that the abnormality occurrence location is the second machine element having the sliding contact portion (S7). Instead of steps S5 to S7, an abnormality occurs from the comparison result of the particle number ratio (steady value) in the steady wear region and the particle number ratio in the abnormal wear region after the number of wear powder particles exceeds the threshold.
  • the machine element may be specified.
  • the ratio of the number of tabular particles in the wear powder particles to the number of particles of other shapes Since the machine elements where an abnormality has occurred are identified based on this, it is possible to properly diagnose each machine element using this oil, even if it contains oil containing abrasion powder generated from multiple machine elements. Become. In particular, since an abnormality in the rolling contact portion is likely to cause serious damage to the apparatus, it is extremely important to detect the abnormality in the rolling contact portion at an early stage in smooth operation of the apparatus. In addition, the shape analysis of wear powder particles is often performed by off-line diagnosis such as qualitative ferrography analysis.
  • the presence or absence of abnormality is determined by detecting the number of wear powder particles that can be diagnosed online, and the particle number ratio is acquired when it is determined that there is an abnormality. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently perform abnormality diagnosis.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a hydraulic transmission and its peripheral devices of the wind turbine generator according to the second embodiment.
  • members that are the same as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. The description will focus on parts that are different from the first embodiment.
  • the hydraulic transmission 10 is provided with a first filter 21 in the high-pressure oil line 16 and a second filter 24 in the low-pressure oil line 18.
  • the drawing line 37 is connected between the hydraulic pump 10 which is a 1st machine element, and the 1st filter 21, The oil pulled out from this drawing line 37 is introduce
  • a drawing line 38 is connected between the hydraulic motor 12 that is the second mechanical element and the second filter 24, and oil drawn from the drawing line 38 is introduced into a second detection unit 54 described later.
  • the abnormality diagnosis system 50 includes a storage unit 51, a first detection unit 52, a second detection unit 54, an abnormal part specifying unit 56, and an output unit 58.
  • the number of particles of wear powder contained in the oil extracted from between the machine elements 10 and 12 and the filters 21 and 24 provided on the downstream side is detected.
  • the measurement result of the number of particles between the first machine element 10 and the first filter 21 mainly corresponds to wear powder derived from the first machine element 10.
  • the measurement result of the number of particles between the second machine element 12 and the second filter 24 mainly corresponds to wear powder derived from the second machine element 12.
  • the time integral value of the difference between the number of particles measured between the first machine element 10 and the first filter 21 and the number of particles measured between the second machine element 12 and the second filter 24 is obtained. Based on this, a machine element in which an abnormality has occurred is identified from among a plurality of machine elements.
  • the first detection unit 52 detects the number of particles of wear powder contained in the oil flowing through the circulation line between the hydraulic pump 10 that is the first mechanical element and the first filter 21. Since the second filter 24 is provided on the upstream side of the hydraulic pump 10, the oil introduced into the hydraulic pump 10 contains almost no abrasion powder generated by the hydraulic motor 12. Therefore, the wear powder detected by the first detection unit 52 is mainly wear powder generated from the hydraulic pump 10. However, since the second filter 24 located on the upstream side of the hydraulic pump 10 cannot always remove all of the abrasion powder from the hydraulic motor 12, the abrasion powder detected by the first detection unit 52 includes the hydraulic motor.
  • the second detection unit 54 detects the number of particles of wear powder contained in the oil flowing through the circulation line between the hydraulic motor 12 that is the second machine element and the second filter 24. Since the first filter 21 is provided on the upstream side of the hydraulic motor 12, the oil introduced into the hydraulic motor 12 contains almost no abrasion powder generated by the hydraulic pump 10. Therefore, the wear powder detected by the second detection unit 54 is mainly wear powder generated from the hydraulic motor 12. However, since the first filter 21 located on the upstream side of the hydraulic motor 12 cannot always remove all of the abrasion powder from the hydraulic pump 10, the abrasion powder detected by the second detection unit 54 includes the hydraulic pump.
  • the number of wear powder particles detected by the first detection unit 52 and the second detection unit 54 may be acquired as a concentration that is the number of particles contained in a unit volume of oil.
  • a known device such as a particle counter can be used for the first detection unit 52 and the second detection unit 54.
  • the first detection unit 52 and the second detection unit 54 may be online measurement or offline measurement.
  • the detection signals of the number of particles detected by the first detection unit 52 and the second detection unit 54 are sent to the abnormal part specifying unit 56.
  • the oil after the number of particles is detected by the first detection unit 52 and the second detection unit 54 may be returned to the oil tank 33 via the return lines 39a and 39b.
  • the abnormal point specifying unit 56 is configured to determine whether the first machine element and the second machine are based on the time integral value of the difference between the number of particles detected by the first detection unit 52 and the number of particles detected by the second detection unit 54. Identify the machine element where the abnormality occurred.
  • the time integral value of the difference in the number of particles in the first detection unit 52 and the second detection unit 54 is the difference between the number of particles detected by the first detection unit 52 and the number of particles detected by the second detection unit 54. It may be an integral value of the difference every fixed time, or an integral value of the number of particles detected by the first detection unit 52 and a fixed number of particles detected by the second detection unit 54. It may be a difference from the integral value of.
  • FIG. 7A is a graph showing an example of each time-dependent change in the number of particles C detected by the first detector 52 and the number of particles D detected by the second detector 54
  • FIG. 7B shows the number of particles. It is a graph which shows the example of the time integral value of the difference of C and the number of particles D.
  • the number C of particles detected by the first detection unit 52 and the number D of particles detected by the second detection unit 54 change as the operation time elapses.
  • the number of particles C and the number of particles D are relatively large immediately after the start of operation, but decrease with time.
  • the number of particles C and the number of particles D are almost constant.
  • the abnormal wear region where abnormalities such as fatigue wear occur, at least one of the number of particles C and the number of particles D increases rapidly.
  • the time integrated value of the difference between the particle number C and the particle number D increases rapidly in the abnormal wear region in Example 1. This means that the rate of increase in the amount of abrasion powder generated by the hydraulic pump 10 is greater than the rate of increase in the amount of abrasion powder generated by the hydraulic motor 12. Therefore, the abnormality location specifying unit 56 can determine that an abnormality has occurred in the hydraulic pump 10.
  • the time integral value of the difference between the particle number C and the particle number D decreases rapidly in the abnormal wear region in Example 2.
  • the abnormality location specifying unit 56 can determine that an abnormality has occurred in the hydraulic motor 12. In this way, by obtaining the time integral value of the difference between the number of particles C detected by the first detection unit 52 and the number of particles D detected by the second detection unit 54, the mechanical element in which an abnormality has occurred can be easily identified. It becomes possible to do.
  • a change may be acquired, and a machine element in which an abnormality has occurred may be specified based on the change over time.
  • the storage unit 51 may store the first threshold value and the second threshold value (see FIG. 7B) in advance.
  • the first threshold is a positive value and is a threshold for determining that an abnormality has occurred in the hydraulic pump 10.
  • the second threshold value is a negative value and is a threshold value for determining that an abnormality has occurred in the hydraulic motor 12.
  • the abnormal part specifying unit 56 calculates the first time integral value of the difference between the number C of particles detected by the first detection unit 52 and the number D of particles detected by the second detection unit 54 (particle number C ⁇ particle number D) and the first integral value.
  • the threshold value and the second threshold value are respectively compared, and if the time integral value exceeds the first threshold value, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the hydraulic pump 10, and if the time integral value falls below the second threshold value, the hydraulic pressure is determined. It is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the motor 12.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the abnormality diagnosis method according to the second embodiment.
  • the number C of wear powder contained in the oil extracted from between the hydraulic pump 10 and the first filter 21 is detected by the first detector 52 (S11).
  • the number D of wear powder contained in the oil drawn from between the hydraulic motor 12 and the second filter 24 is detected by the second detection unit 54 (S12).
  • the number of particles C or the number of particles D is compared with a preset threshold value, and it is determined whether or not the number of particles C or the number of particles D exceeds the threshold value (S13).
  • the detection of the particle number C and the particle number D is continued.
  • the particle number C or the particle number D exceeds the threshold value, then the time integral value of the difference between the particle number C and the particle number D (particle number C ⁇ particle number D) is calculated (S14).
  • the number of particles indicating an abnormal wear area may be set as the particle number threshold of the particle number C or the particle number D. Thereby, when the particle number C or the particle number D exceeds the threshold value, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in any of the machine elements. Further, it is determined whether or not the time integral value of the difference between the number of particles C or the number of particles D has increased (S15).
  • the hydraulic pump 10 as the first mechanical element is determined. It is determined that an abnormality has occurred (S16). On the other hand, if the time integration value has not increased, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the second machine element (S17).
  • the time integral value of the difference between the particle number C and the particle number D is calculated. (S14). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not there is a change in the time integral value (S18). This is because, as shown in FIG. 7B, when the time integral value of the difference between the particle number C and the particle number D tends to increase or decrease, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred. It is possible to determine that an abnormality has occurred in any of the machine elements by detecting the fluctuations in. If it is determined that there is no change in the time integral value, the detection of the number of particles C and the number of particles D is continued.
  • the number of wear powder particles is detected between the first machine element 10 and the first filter 21 and between the second machine element 12 and the second filter 24, respectively. Therefore, even if the oil contains wear powder generated from a plurality of machine elements, the number of particles of wear powder generated in each of the machine elements 10 and 12 can be accurately detected. Furthermore, since the machine element where the abnormality occurred is specified based on the time integral value of the difference in the number of each particle, even if the instantaneous value varies, the time integral value of the difference in the number of each particle is set. By using it, a more accurate abnormality diagnosis becomes possible.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de diagnostic d'anomalie destiné à un dispositif qui comprend un premier élément mécanique qui comporte une partie de contact roulant, un second élément mécanique qui ne comporte aucune partie de contact roulant et une conduite de circulation à travers laquelle une huile circule par l'intermédiaire du premier élément mécanique et du second élément mécanique et qui utilise au moins une partie de l'huile comme huile lubrifiante pour la partie de contact roulant. Le procédé de l'invention comprend une étape de détection consistant à détecter le nombre de particules de débris d'usure contenues dans l'huile s'écoulant dans la conduite de circulation, une étape de détermination consistant à déterminer si le nombre de particules de débris d'usure détectées dans l'étape de détection dépasse une valeur seuil, une étape d'acquisition de rapport consistant à acquérir un rapport de dénombrement de particules entre les particules plates et les particules ayant d'autres formes dans les débris d'usure, et une étape d'identification de l'emplacement d'une anomalie consistant à identifier, sur la base du rapport de dénombrement de particules, l'élément mécanique (parmi le premier élément mécanique et le second élément mécanique) qui présente une anomalie quand il a été déterminé, dans l'étape de détection, que le nombre de particules de débris d'usure dépasse la valeur seuil.
PCT/JP2013/050524 2013-01-15 2013-01-15 Procédé et système de diagnostic d'anomalie WO2014112034A1 (fr)

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CN112943906A (zh) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-11 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 一种风力发电机组主齿轮箱润滑系统及主齿轮箱
CN112943906B (zh) * 2019-12-10 2022-12-20 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 一种风力发电机组主齿轮箱润滑系统及主齿轮箱
CN113715754A (zh) * 2020-05-20 2021-11-30 丰田自动车株式会社 车载部件的异常部位确定方法、系统及装置、异常部位通知控制装置及车辆用控制装置
CN113715754B (zh) * 2020-05-20 2024-03-12 丰田自动车株式会社 车载部件的异常部位确定方法、系统及装置、异常部位通知控制装置及车辆用控制装置

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