WO2014110879A1 - 催化净化和换热系统 - Google Patents

催化净化和换热系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014110879A1
WO2014110879A1 PCT/CN2013/075572 CN2013075572W WO2014110879A1 WO 2014110879 A1 WO2014110879 A1 WO 2014110879A1 CN 2013075572 W CN2013075572 W CN 2013075572W WO 2014110879 A1 WO2014110879 A1 WO 2014110879A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
heat exchange
heat exchanger
flue gas
exchanger body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/075572
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴道洪
吴荣湘
Original Assignee
北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司
Publication of WO2014110879A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014110879A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
    • F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
    • F28D19/047—Sealing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
    • F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
    • F28D19/041—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier with axial flow through the intermediate heat-transfer medium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and in particular to a catalytic purification and heat exchange system. Background technique
  • the low temperature flue gas is usually heated to a certain temperature and then denitrated, or the hot flue gas is intermittently denitrated using a commutation method, thereby causing a problem that the flue gas heating wastes a large part of the energy. , and the denitration effect is poor.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a catalytic purification and heat exchange system which can realize the reuse of waste heat in the process of continuously catalyzing the removal of harmful gases or denitration.
  • a catalytic purification and heat exchange system comprising: a casing, the casing defining a chamber; a heat exchanger body, the heat exchanger body being disposed in the chamber and surrounding the heat exchange a central axis of the body of the device is rotatable; a partition, the partition being disposed in the heat exchanger body along a direction of the central axis, and partitioning the heat exchanger body into opposing first receiving portions and a second accommodating portion; a heat carrier, the heat carrier containing a catalyst and being respectively accommodated in the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion, the heat carrier being formed of a non-metal material; a flue gas passage, the a flue gas passage disposed to communicate with one of the first receiving portion and the second receiving portion to receive smoke from the inlet end of the flue gas passage and the first receiving portion Heat exchange with a heat carrier of one of the second receiving portions; an air passage, the air passage being disposed to communicate with the other of the first receiving portion and the second receiving
  • the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion are respectively provided with a heat carrier containing a catalyst, whereby, during the rotation of the heat exchanger body, the catalyst in the first accommodating portion or the second accommodating portion can be activated under the action of the high temperature of the flue gas to purify the harmful gas in the flue gas, and the first accommodating portion
  • the heat carrier absorbing heat or the heat carrier absorbing heat in the second accommodating portion exchanges heat with the air to heat the air, and the catalytic purification and heat exchange system can continuously perform catalytic purification on the flue gas to remove harmful gases or perform denitration.
  • the alternating heat transfer method can absorb the sensible heat and latent heat of the flue gas to heat the air, improve the heating efficiency, reduce the heat loss, reduce the cost, and adopt the heat carrier first. Absorb the heat of the flue gas, and then heat the air through the heat carrier that absorbs the heat to avoid contact between the flue gas and the air. Further purification of the catalytic system and the heat exchanger can achieve re-use waste heat during the continuous catalytic harmful gas, energy saving achieved.
  • the heat carrier has a large heat storage capacity, and large-scale gas heating can be realized at a lower rotation speed and a larger volume of the heat exchanger body, which can effectively reduce the cost of gas heating.
  • Increase gas The application range of heating, and by using a non-metallic material heat carrier, the heat carrier has a small specific gravity and a light weight, which can reduce the energy consumption of the catalytic purification and heat exchange system, and the heat carrier is resistant by using a non-metallic material heat carrier.
  • not only smoke can be a gas that is corrosive to metals, and can reduce the temperature of the flue gas as much as possible without worrying about the precipitation of corrosive substances in the flue gas.
  • the maximum sensible heat and latent heat of the flue gas are absorbed to heat the gas, and at the same time, when the flue gas and the heat carrier exchange heat, the heat storage of the heat carrier is large, and the sensible heat and latent heat of the flue gas can be absorbed to the utmost.
  • the temperature of the high temperature environment in which the catalyst in the heat carrier is located is as high as possible and lasts for a long time, which fully ensures the catalytic condition of the catalyst and ensures the catalytic performance of the catalyst. .
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system according to the invention also has the following additional technical features:
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system further includes: an upper cover for sealing a top open end of the chamber, the upper cover defining a flue gas inlet and an air outlet; And a lower seat, the heat exchanger body is rotatably disposed on the lower seat, the lower seat is disposed at a bottom of the chamber and is formed with a flue gas outlet that is a part of the flue gas passage and An air inlet to a portion of the air passage.
  • the heat exchanger body is sealingly engaged with the lower seat edge by a first labyrinth seal disposed at a lower edge thereof; and the heat exchanger body is passed through a second labyrinth seal disposed at an upper edge thereof The edge of the upper cover is sealingly fitted.
  • a center of the lower seat is formed with a first axial center hole, and the heat exchanger body passes through a main shaft disposed on the bottom surface and a rotation disposed in the first axial center hole
  • the bearings are matched to be rotatable about the centerline of the spindle.
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system further includes: a drive gear that is drivably rotatable and coupled to an inner sidewall of the chamber; and a plurality of rollers, the roller Formed on an outer circumference of the heat exchanger body and adapted to mesh with teeth of the drive gear.
  • the heat exchanger body is divided into an upper heat exchange section, a lower heat exchange section, and an intermediate section in a vertical direction
  • the upper heat exchange section includes: an upper central shaft section, The upper central shaft segment is coaxial with the central axis; an upper support disk, the upper support disk is sleeved at a lower end of the upper central shaft segment, and is located at the first receiving portion and the second receiving portion a portion of the portion is supported with an upper heat carrier
  • the lower heat exchange portion includes: a lower central shaft segment, the lower central shaft portion is sleeved on the main shaft and coaxial with the central axis;
  • the lower support disk is sleeved at a lower end of the lower central shaft segment, and a lower heat carrier is supported on a portion of the first receiving portion and the second receiving portion
  • the intermediate portion includes: a central shaft segment, the intermediate central shaft segment being fixedly supported by a support tube passing through the main shaft and the lower central shaft section, and coaxial with the central
  • the first partitioning plate is configured to have a fan-shaped cross section along a projection in a plane perpendicular to the central axis.
  • the support tube is a hollow tube and a catalytic reducing agent can be supplied into the third receiving portion through the support tube. Thereby, harmful gases in the flue gas can be further removed.
  • the intermediate section further includes: a plurality of lower air baffles extending radially outward from the intermediate center shaft section to the vicinity of the inner side wall of the heat exchanger body. Thereby, the mutual crosstalk between the flue gas and the air can be further avoided.
  • the lower air baffle is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the intermediate section, and is located along the middle section in the region where the third accommodating portion is partitioned by the lower air baffle To the extended nozzle, the nozzle is in communication with the support tube. Thereby, it is ensured that the catalytic reducing agent can be uniformly sprayed in the third accommodating portion to be sufficiently mixed with the flue gas, and the harmful gas in the flue gas can be sufficiently removed.
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system further includes: a plurality of upper baffles formed at an upper end of the upper central shaft segment opposite the upper cover and having a diameter Extending outwardly to the inner sidewall of the heat exchanger body.
  • the upper air baffle is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.
  • a surface of the upper cover opposite to the upper heat exchange section is formed with two sector-shaped recesses, and a sector-shaped area between the recesses and the first partitioning plate
  • the flue gas inlet is formed on the concave portion on the same side as the third accommodating portion
  • the air outlet is formed on the concave portion on the same side as the fourth accommodating portion.
  • the lower seat is partitioned into a portion communicating with the flue gas outlet and a portion communicating with the air inlet through a pair of second partition plates, wherein the second partition plate is vertical
  • the shape and position of the projection of the plane of the central axis corresponds to the first partitioning plate. Therefore, the structure of the lower seat is simple, and the processing of the lower seat is facilitated, and at the same time, the separation of the flue gas passage and the air passage is ensured, and the mutual cross between the air and the flue gas is avoided.
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system further includes: a support seat disposed between the lower seat and the bottom of the chamber, and the lower seat and the seat At least one adjusting device is disposed between the support seats to adjust the height of the lower seat along the vertical direction. Therefore, by providing the adjusting device, the upper and lower heights of the lower seat can be adjusted to ensure the gap between the heat exchanger body and the upper cover.
  • FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a catalytic purification and heat exchange system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the direction B in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion C of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion D in Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a bottom plan view of the upper cover in the catalytic purification and heat exchange system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a top plan view of a lower seat in a catalytic purification and heat exchange system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining “first”, “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Further, in the description of the present invention, “multiple” means two or more unless otherwise stated.
  • a catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 which can catalytically purify flue gas passing through it to denitrify or remove flue gas, will be described below with reference to Figs. Other harmful gases in the flue gas can also heat the air passing through it.
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 described below only the case where the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 forms a pair of accommodating portions (ie, the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion) is described, but It is to be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, in reading the teachings disclosed herein, the embodiment can be applied to the case where the heat exchanger body 2 is divided into pairs of receiving portions. And the case where the heat carrier is accommodated in each of the accommodating portions, which also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 will be described in detail below.
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 includes: a casing 1, a heat exchanger body 2, a partition, a heat carrier 4, a flue gas passage 5, and an air passage 6, wherein
  • the housing 1 defines a chamber 10.
  • the heat exchanger body 2 is disposed within the chamber 10 and rotatable about a central axis of the heat exchanger body 2.
  • the partition is disposed in the heat exchanger body 2 in the direction of the central axis, and partitions the heat exchanger body 2 into opposing first receiving portions and second receiving portions.
  • the heat carrier 4 contains a catalyst and is housed in the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion, respectively.
  • the flue gas passage 5 is disposed to communicate with one of the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion to enter from the flue gas passage 5
  • the flue gas introduced at the mouth end exchanges heat with the heat carrier accommodated in one of the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion.
  • the air passage 6 is disposed to communicate with the other of the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion to exchange heat with the heat carrier accommodated therein.
  • the heat exchanger body 2 is formed as a cylinder, and the inner wall of the heat exchanger body 2 is provided with a temperature-resistant heat insulating lining.
  • the heat carrier 4 may have a structure of a small spherical shape, a sheet shape or a porous shape, thereby enhancing the heat exchange efficiency between the flue gas and the air and the heat carrier 4 by increasing the contact area.
  • the heat exchanger body 2 is rotated counterclockwise, the flue gas passage 5 is provided on the left side of the heat exchanger body 2, and the air passage 6 is provided on the right side of the heat exchanger body 2, that is, the flue gas is The left side of the central axis enters the heat exchanger body 2, and air enters the heat exchanger body 2 from the right side of the central axis.
  • the heat exchanger body 2 in the initial state, the heat exchanger body 2 is in an unrotated state, the first accommodating portion is located on the left side of the heat exchanger body 2, and the second accommodating portion is located on the right side of the heat exchanger body 2, from
  • the flue gas introduced at the inlet end of the flue gas passage 5 enters the first accommodating portion to exchange heat with the heat carrier 4 provided in the first accommodating portion, at which time the high temperature of the flue gas activates the inside of the first accommodating portion
  • the catalyst in the heat carrier 4 satisfies the catalytic conditions of the catalyst in the first accommodating portion to purify the harmful gas in the flue gas, thereby achieving the purpose of catalytic purification, and the flue gas to the heat carrier in the first accommodating portion 4 heating.
  • the heat exchanger body 2 rotates counterclockwise, at which time the first accommodating portion is rotated to the right side of the heat exchanger body 2, and the second accommodating portion is rotated to the heat exchanger body 2 On the left side, the heat-absorbing heat carrier 4 rotated into the first accommodating portion on the right side exchanges heat with the air passing thereto, so that the catalyst in the heat carrier 4 in the first accommodating portion is lost due to the temperature decrease. Living, while the temperature of the air rises.
  • the heat carrier 4 rotated to the second accommodating portion on the left side exchanges heat with the flue gas passing thereto, at which time the high temperature of the flue gas activates the catalyst in the heat carrier 4 in the second accommodating portion, satisfying the second accommodating
  • the catalytic conditions of the catalyst in the part in order to purify the harmful gas in the flue gas or denitrify the flue gas, achieve the purpose of catalytic purification, and the flue gas heats the heat carrier 4 in the second receiving portion.
  • the heat exchanger body 2 continues to rotate counterclockwise, at which time the first accommodating portion is rotated back to the left side of the heat exchanger body 2, and the second accommodating portion is rotated back to the heat exchanger body.
  • the heat carrier 4 rotated back to the left side of the first receiving portion exchanges heat with the flue gas passing thereto, and the high temperature of the flue gas reactivates the catalyst in the heat carrier 4 in the first receiving portion.
  • the catalytic condition of the catalyst in the first accommodating portion is satisfied to purify the harmful gas in the flue gas or to denitrify the flue gas, thereby achieving the purpose of catalytic purification, and at the same time, the flue gas to the heat carrier in the first accommodating portion 4 Heat up.
  • the heat-absorbing heat carrier 4 rotated back into the second accommodating portion on the right side exchanges heat with the air passing therethrough, so that the catalyst in the heat carrier 4 in the second accommodating portion is deactivated due to a decrease in temperature, while The temperature of the air rises and is repeated.
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention by dividing the heat exchanger body 2 into the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion, heat is contained in the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion, respectively.
  • the flue gas is denitrated, and the heat carrier 4 absorbing heat in the first accommodating portion or the heat carrier 4 absorbing heat in the second accommodating portion exchanges heat with the air to heat the air, and the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 can be used for the smoke.
  • the gas undergoes continuous catalytic purification to remove harmful gases, and at the same time, the sensible heat and latent heat of the flue gas can be absorbed to the greatest extent by the alternating heat exchange, thereby heating the air, improving the heating efficiency and reducing the heat loss, and reducing
  • the heat carrier 4 absorbs the heat of the flue gas first, and then heats the air through the heat carrier 4 that absorbs the heat, thereby avoiding the flue gas and
  • the air contact, and the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 can realize the reuse of waste heat in the process of continuously catalyzing the harmful gas, thereby realizing energy saving and environmental protection.
  • the heat carrier 4 is formed of a non-metal material. Therefore, by using the heat carrier 4 of a non-metallic material, the heat storage amount of the heat carrier 4 is large, and large-scale gas heating can be realized at a lower rotation speed and a larger volume of the heat exchanger body 2, and the gas can be effectively reduced. The cost of heating increases the range of application of gas heating.
  • the heat carrier 4 has a small specific gravity and a light weight, which can reduce the energy consumption of the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100, and
  • the heat carrier 4 of the metal material, the heat carrier 4 is resistant to corrosion, not only the flue gas (for example, sulfur-containing flue gas) can be a corrosive gas to the metal, and the temperature of the flue gas can be lowered as much as possible without worrying about the flue gas.
  • the material which is corrosive to the metal is precipitated, thereby maximally limiting the sensible heat and latent heat of the absorption flue gas to heat the gas, and at the same time, when the flue gas and the heat carrier exchange heat, the heat storage of the heat carrier is large, and the maximum amount can be maximized.
  • Absorbing the sensible heat and latent heat of the flue gas so that the temperature of the high temperature environment in which the catalyst in the heat carrier is located is as high as possible and lasts for a long time. Catalytic conditions to ensure the catalyst, the catalytic performance guarantees.
  • the outlet temperature of the flue gas after passing through the gas heat exchanger cannot be lowered below 13 CTC, as this leads to sulfur deposition and sulfuric acid. Precipitation results in severe corrosion of the metal-made components within the gas heat exchanger.
  • the heat carrier is formed of a non-metallic solid material such as SiC, ceramic, or the like, the outlet temperature is lowered below the condensation point of sulfur without concern for the corrosiveness of sulfur or the like.
  • the exit temperature of the flue gas exiting the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 is less than 130 ° C.
  • the outlet temperature is less than 70 °C. This temperature is almost impossible to achieve in a conventional gas heat exchanger.
  • S changes from gas to solid water vapor and condenses out as liquid water, releasing a large amount of latent heat (the amount of heat absorbed by the water vapor from 100 ° C to 10 CTC is equivalent) 3 times the amount of heat absorbed when water is raised from 0 ° C to 10 CTC).
  • the efficiency of the entire boiler can be increased by 0.5% for every 10 degrees of the outlet temperature, and the latent heat released is equivalent to an increase.
  • the entire boiler efficiency is 1.5%, which saves a lot of coal combustion in the boiler, and expands the scope of application of coal, which reduces the grade of coal used, and further reduces production costs.
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 further includes: The cover 7 and the lower seat 8 are used to seal the top open end of the chamber 10, and the upper cover 7 defines a flue gas inlet 70 and an air outlet 71.
  • the heat exchanger body 2 is rotatably disposed on the lower seat 8, and the lower seat 8 is disposed at the bottom of the chamber 10 and is formed with a flue gas outlet 80 which is a part of the flue gas passage 5 and an air inlet 81 which is a part of the air passage 6. .
  • the structure of the housing 1 is made simple.
  • the heat exchanger body 2 is sealingly fitted to the edge of the lower seat 8 by a first labyrinth seal 9 disposed at a lower edge thereof.
  • the heat exchanger body 2 is sealingly fitted to the edge of the upper lid by a second labyrinth seal 11 disposed at its upper edge.
  • the first labyrinth seal 9 is an annular member and the second labyrinth seal 11 is a ring member.
  • the first labyrinth sealing device 9 includes a first sealing member 90 and a second sealing member 91.
  • the first sealing member 90 is disposed at a lower edge of the heat exchanger body 2, and the second sealing member 91 is provided.
  • On the lower seat 8 a plurality of annular first protrusions 901 are formed on the lower surface of the first sealing member 90, and a plurality of annular first grooves 911 are formed on the upper surface of the second sealing member 91.
  • the first grooves 911 are respectively matched with the plurality of first protrusions 901.
  • each of the first protrusions 901 rotates in the corresponding first groove 911, which not only ensures heat exchange.
  • the free rotation of the main body 2 also ensures the tightness between the heat exchanger body 2 and the lower seat 8, avoiding smoke and air leakage, and at the same time making the first labyrinth seal 9 simple in structure.
  • the second labyrinth sealing device 11 includes a third sealing member 110 and a fourth sealing member 111.
  • the third sealing member 110 is disposed on the upper cover 7, and the fourth sealing member 111 is disposed on the heat exchanger.
  • On the upper edge of the main body 2 a plurality of annular second grooves 1101 are formed on the lower surface of the third sealing member 110, and a plurality of annular second protrusions 1111 are formed on the upper surface of the fourth sealing member 111,
  • the second recesses 1101 are respectively matched with the plurality of second protrusions 1111.
  • each of the second protrusions 1111 rotates in the corresponding second recess 1101, which not only ensures replacement.
  • the free rotation of the heat exchanger body 2 also ensures the tightness between the heat exchanger body 2 and the upper cover 7, avoiding smoke and air leakage, and at the same time making the structure of the second labyrinth seal 11 simple.
  • the center of the lower seat 8 is formed with a first axial center hole 83, and the heat exchanger body 2 is disposed in the first axial direction through the main shaft 12 disposed on the bottom surface.
  • the slewing bearings 13 in the center hole 83 are matched to be rotatable about the center line of the main shaft 12.
  • the slewing bearing 13 is disposed in the first axial center hole 83 of the lower seat 8, and the bottom surface of the heat exchanger body 2 is provided with a main shaft 12 which cooperates with the slewing bearing 13 to make the heat exchanger body 2 rotatable.
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 further includes: a drive gear 14 and a plurality of rollers 15, the drive gear 14 being drivable and coupled to the inside of the chamber 10 On the wall.
  • the roller 15 is formed on the outer circumference of the heat exchanger body 2 and is adapted to mesh with the teeth of the drive gear 14.
  • the driving gear 14 can be driven to rotate by a driving device such as a motor. When the driving gear 14 rotates, the driving gear 14 cooperates with the rollers 15 distributed on the outer circumference of the heat exchanger body 2, thereby driving the heat exchanger body 2 Rotate.
  • the rotation of the heat exchanger body 2 is driven by the cooperation of the driving gear 14 and the roller 15, so that the heat exchanger body 2 is stably operated, and the rotation speed of the heat exchanger body 2 can be changed by controlling the rotation speed of the driving gear 14, thereby expanding Catalytic purification and heat transfer The scope of use of system 100.
  • the heat exchanger body 2 is divided into an upper heat exchange section 23, a lower heat exchange section 24, and an intermediate section 25 in a vertical direction, wherein the upper heat exchange section 23 includes : Upper central shaft section 230 and upper support disc 231, the upper central shaft section 230 is coaxial with the central axis.
  • the upper support plate 231 is sleeved at the lower end of the upper central shaft section 230, and its upper heat carrier 40 is supported on a portion of the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion.
  • the upper central shaft section 230 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is hollow and closed at the lower end.
  • the lower heat exchange section 24 includes a lower central shaft section 240 and a lower support disc 241 that is sleeved on the main shaft 12 and coaxial with the central axis.
  • the lower support plate 241 is sleeved at the lower end of the lower central shaft section 240, and its lower heat carrier 41 is supported on a portion of the first accommodating portion and the second accommodating portion.
  • the intermediate section 25 includes: an intermediate central shaft section 250 and a pair of first dividing plates 251 fixedly supported by a support tube 26 that passes through the main shaft 12 and the lower central shaft section 240, and is coaxial with the central axis .
  • the first partitioning plate 251 is vertically disposed between the upper support disk 231 and the lower support disk 241, and is disposed diametrically opposite to each other along the intermediate central axis section 250 to pass through the pair of first partition plates 251 and heat exchange
  • the inner side wall of the main body 2 is partitioned into a third accommodating portion 252 and a fourth accommodating portion 253 which are spaced apart from each other, the third accommodating portion 252 is in communication with the flue gas passage 5, and the fourth accommodating portion 253 is in communication with the air passage 6.
  • the flue gas When the flue gas enters the first accommodating portion or the second accommodating portion from the flue gas inlet 70 on the upper cover 7, the flue gas first exchanges heat with the upper heat carrier 40 in the upper heat exchange portion 23, and the flue gas passes through the entire After the upper heat exchange section 23, the temperature is lowered, that is, the first temperature is lowered, and then the flue gas passes through the third accommodating portion 252 in the intermediate section 25 and enters the lower heat exchange section 24, the flue gas and the lower heat exchange section.
  • the lower heat carrier 41 in 24 performs heat exchange, and the flue gas is lowered by a certain temperature after passing through the entire lower heat exchange section 24, that is, the second temperature is lowered, and finally the smoke from the lower seat 8 is cooled by two times.
  • the gas outlet 80 is discharged. Wherein, during the heat exchange of the flue gas, the catalysts in the upper heat carrier 40 and the lower heat carrier 41 are activated to purify the harmful gases in the flue gas.
  • the air When air enters the first accommodating portion or the second accommodating portion from the air inlet 81 on the lower seat 8, the air first enters the lower heat exchange portion 24, and the heat absorbing heat carrier 41 in the lower heat exchange portion 24 is The air is exchanged for heat, that is, the air is heated for the first time, and then the air passes through the fourth accommodating portion 253 in the intermediate portion 25 and enters the upper heat exchange portion 23, and enters the air in the upper heat exchange portion 23 and is exchanged.
  • the upper heat carrier 40 absorbing heat in the heat section 23 performs heat exchange, that is, second heating of the air, and the air heated twice is discharged from the air outlet 71 on the upper cover 7.
  • the first partitioning plate 251 is configured to have a fan-shaped cross section along a projection in a plane perpendicular to the central axis.
  • the support tube 26 is a hollow tube and a catalytic reducing agent can be supplied into the third accommodating portion 252 through the support tube 26.
  • the support tube 26 is not rotated during the rotation of the heat exchanger main body 2, so that the catalytic reducing agent is supplied only into the third accommodating portion 252.
  • the flue gas enters the intermediate section 25 after being cooled for the first time through the upper heat exchange section 23, and undergoes a catalytic reduction reaction under the action of the catalytic reducing agent in the intermediate section 25, thereby further removing the flue gas. harmful gas.
  • the intermediate central shaft section 250 and the lower central shaft section 240 are respectively filled with thermal insulation cotton to prevent the nozzle 19 and the support tube 26 from being overheated due to the high temperature of the flue gas, thereby affecting the catalytic reduction. The reaction effect of the agent.
  • the intermediate section 25 further includes: a plurality of lower air baffles 254, the lower air baffle 254 extends radially outward from the intermediate central shaft section 250 to the vicinity of the inner side wall of the heat exchanger body 2. Thereby, the mutual crosstalk between the flue gas and the air can be further avoided.
  • the lower air baffle 254 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the intermediate section 25, and is disposed along the intermediate section 25 in the region where the third accommodating portion 252 is partitioned by the lower damper 254, respectively.
  • a radially extending nozzle 19, the nozzle 19 is in communication with the support tube 26.
  • the third accommodating portion 252 is divided into a plurality of regions by a plurality of lower air baffles 254, each of which is provided with a nozzle 19, each of which communicates with the support tube 26 and enters the support tube 26
  • the catalytic reducing agent is injected from each nozzle 19 into a region corresponding to each nozzle 19, so that the flue gas in the region can undergo a catalytic reduction reaction to remove harmful gases, thereby ensuring a catalytic reducing agent. It can be uniformly sprayed in the third accommodating portion 252 to be sufficiently mixed with the flue gas, thereby ensuring sufficient removal of harmful gases in the flue gas.
  • a plurality of small holes may be provided in the peripheral wall of each of the nozzles 19 to further ensure uniform discharge of the catalytic reducing agent.
  • a plurality of nozzles 19 can be welded up and down on the support tube 26.
  • the method further includes: the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 further includes a plurality of upper air baffles 232 formed on an upper central axis opposite to the upper cover 7
  • the upper end of the segment 230 extends radially outward to the inner side wall of the heat exchanger body 2.
  • each upper baffle 232 is disposed at the upper end of the upper central shaft section 230, and each upper baffle 232 extends radially outward from the peripheral wall of each upper central shaft section 230 to the inner side of the heat exchanger body 2 On the wall.
  • the upper partition 232 is evenly distributed along the circumference. Thereby, the forming of the heat exchanger body 2 is facilitated.
  • the upper partition 232 may be made of a high temperature resistant silicon carbide or ceramic material.
  • the upper cover 7 is formed with two sector-shaped recesses 73 on the surface opposite to the upper heat exchange section 23, and the sector between the two recesses 73 and the first
  • the position of the partition plate 251 corresponds to a position in which the flue gas inlet 70 is formed on the recess 73 on the same side as the third accommodating portion 252, and the air outlet 71 is formed in the recess 73 on the same side as the fourth accommodating portion 253.
  • the lower seat 8 is partitioned by a pair of second partitioning plates 16 into a portion communicating with the flue gas outlet 80 and a portion communicating with the air inlet 81, wherein the second partitioning plate 16
  • the shape and position of the projection along a plane perpendicular to the central axis correspond to the first partitioning plate 251. Therefore, the structure of the lower seat 8 is simple, which facilitates the forming of the lower seat 8, and at the same time ensures that the flue gas passage 5 and the air passage 6 are separated, thereby avoiding the mutual cross between the air and the flue gas.
  • the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 further includes: a support base 17 disposed between the lower seat 8 and the bottom of the chamber 10, and the lower seat 8 and the support At least one adjustment device 18 is provided between the seats 17 to adjust the height of the lower seat 8 in the vertical direction.
  • the adjusting device 18 the upper and lower heights of the lower seat 8 can be adjusted to ensure a gap between the heat exchanger body 2 and the upper cover 7.
  • an air-cooling device is provided at the seal of the upper cover 7 and the heat exchanger body 2 to make the catalytic purification and heat exchange system 100 suitable for use in higher temperature applications.

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Abstract

一种催化净化和换热系统，包括：壳体、换热器主体、分隔件、热载体、烟气通路和空气通路，壳体限定有腔室。换热器主体设置在腔室内且绕换热器主体的中心轴线可旋转。分隔件沿着中心轴线的方向设置在换热器主体内，且将换热器主体分隔成相对的第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分。热载体含有催化剂且分别容纳在第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分中。烟气通路设置成与第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分中的一个相连通。空气通路设置成与第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分中的另外一个相连通，以使空气与其中容纳的热载体进行换热。

Description

催化净化和换热系统 技术领域
本发明涉及热交换技术领域， 尤其涉及一种催化净化和换热系统。 背景技术
在现有的脱硝或者去除其他有害气体的工艺中，需要在一定的温度之下进行。例如， 在现有技术中， 通常将低温烟气加热到一定温度后再脱硝， 或对热烟气使用换向方法间 断进行脱硝， 由此造成的问题在于， 烟气加热浪费了很大一部分能量， 且脱硝效果差。 发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。 为此， 本发明的一个目的在 于提出一种可在连续催化去除有害气体或脱硝的过程中实现废热的再利用的催化净化 和换热系统。
根据本发明实施例的催化净化和换热系统， 包括： 壳体， 所述壳体限定有腔室； 换 热器主体， 所述换热器主体设置在所述腔室内且绕所述换热器主体的中心轴线可旋转； 分隔件， 所述分隔件沿着所述中心轴线的方向设置在所述换热器主体内， 且将所述换热 器主体分隔成相对的第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分； 热载体， 所述热载体含有催化剂且 分别容纳在所述第一容纳部分和所述第二容纳部分中， 所述热载体由非金属材料所形 成； 烟气通路， 所述烟气通路设置成与所述第一容纳部分和所述第二容纳部分中的一个 相连通，以将从所述烟气通路的入口端通入的烟气与容纳在所述第一容纳部分和所述第 二容纳部分中的一个的热载体进行换热； 空气通路， 所述空气通路设置成与所述第一容 纳部分和所述第二容纳部分中的另外一个相连通，以使空气与其中容纳的所述热载体进 行换热。
根据本发明实施例的催化净化和换热系统， 通过将换热器主体分隔成第一容纳部分 和第二容纳部分， 第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分内分别设有含有催化剂的热载体， 从而 在换热器主体旋转的过程中，第一容纳部分或第二容纳部分中的催化剂可在烟气高温的 作用下被活化， 以对烟气中的有害气体进行净化， 同时第一容纳部分中吸收热量的热载 体或第二容纳部分中吸收热量的热载体与空气进行换热， 以加热空气， 进而催化净化和 换热系统可对烟气进行连续的催化净化以去除有害气体或进行脱硝，同时通过这种交替 换热的方式可最大程度的吸收烟气的显热和潜热， 以用于加热空气， 提高了加热效率且 减少了热损失， 降低了成本， 同时采用这种热载体先吸收烟气的热量， 然后再通过吸收 热量的热载体加热空气的方式， 可避免烟气和空气接触， 进而该催化净化和换热系统可 在连续催化有害气体的过程中实现了废热的再利用， 实现了节能环保。
且通过采用非金属材料的热载体， 热载体的蓄热量大， 可以在较低的转速和较大的 换热器主体的体积下实现大规模的气体加热， 可有效的降低气体加热的成本， 增加气体 加热的应用范围， 同时通过采用非金属材料的热载体， 热载体的比重小、 重量轻， 可降 低催化净化和换热系统的能耗， 又由于通过采用非金属材料的热载体， 热载体耐腐蚀， 不仅烟气（例如含硫的烟气）可为对金属有腐蚀性的气体， 且可以使烟气的温度尽可能 降低， 而不用担心烟气中对金属有腐蚀性的物质析出， 从而最大限定吸收烟气的显热和 潜热， 以加热气体， 同时在烟气与热载体进行换热时， 由于热载体的蓄热量大， 可最大 限度的吸收烟气的显热和潜热，从而可使得热载体内的催化剂所处的高温环境的温度尽 可能的高且持续时间较长，充分保证了催化剂的催化条件，保证了催化剂的催化性能。。
另外， 根据本发明的催化净化和换热系统还具有如下附加技术特征：
根据本发明的一些实施例， 催化净化和换热系统进一步包括： 上盖， 所述上盖用于 密封所述腔室的顶部开口端， 所述上盖上限定有烟气进口和空气出口； 以及下座， 所述 换热器主体可旋转地设置在所述下座上，所述下座设置在所述腔室的底部且形成有为所 述烟气通路的一部分的烟气出口和为所述空气通路的一部分的空气入口。
进一步地， 所述换热器主体通过设置在其下边缘的第一迷宫密封装置与所述下座边 缘密封配合；以及所述换热器主体通过设置在其上边缘的第二迷宫密封装置与所述上盖 的边缘密封配合。从而可提高换热器主体与上盖和下座之间的密封性， 避免了烟气和空 气的泄露。
在本发明的一些实施例， 所述下座的中央形成有第一轴向中心孔， 所述换热器主体 通过设置在底面上的主轴与设置在所述第一轴向中心孔内的回转轴承匹配，以绕所述主 轴的中心线可旋转。从而不仅使得换热器主体与下座之间的配合简单稳定， 且可减小换 热器主体旋转时的摩擦力， 延长催化净化和换热系统的使用寿命。
根据本发明的一些实施例， 催化净化和换热系统进一步包括： 驱动齿轮， 所述驱动 齿轮可被驱动旋转且连接至所述腔室的内侧壁上； 以及多个滚柱， 所述滚柱形成在所述 换热器主体的外圆周上， 且适于与所述驱动齿轮的齿啮合。从而通过使得换热器主体运 行稳定， 同时可通过控制驱动齿轮的转速， 改变换热器主体的转速， 可扩大催化净化和 换热系统的使用范围。
在本发明的一些实施例中， 所述换热器主体沿着竖直方向被分隔成上换热段、 下换 热段以及中间段， 其中所述上换热段包括： 上中心轴段， 所述上中心轴段与所述中心轴 线共轴； 上支撑盘， 所述上支撑盘套设在所述上中心轴段的下端， 且其位于所述第一容 纳部分和所述第二容纳部分中的部分上支撑有上热载体； 所述下换热段包括： 下中心轴 段， 所述下中心轴段套设在所述主轴上且与所述中心轴线共轴； 下支撑盘， 所述下支撑 盘套设在所述下中心轴段的下端，且其位于所述第一容纳部分和所述第二容纳部分中的 部分上支撑有下热载体； 所述中间段包括： 中间中心轴段， 所述中间中心轴段通过穿设 所述主轴和所述下中心轴段的支撑管而固定支撑， 且与所述中心轴线共轴； 以及一对第 一分隔板， 所述第一分隔板竖直地设置在所述上支撑盘和所述下支撑盘之间， 且沿着所 述中间中心轴段成径向相对设置，以通过所述一对第一分隔板以及所述换热器主体的内 侧壁分隔成彼此隔开的第三容纳部分和第四容纳部分，所述第三容纳部分与所述烟气通 路相连通， 且所述第四容纳部分与所述空气通路相连通。从而可进一步避免烟气和空气 之间互串。
具体地， 所述第一分隔板构造成沿着垂直于所述中心轴线的平面内的投影为扇形截 面。
在本发明的一些实施例中， 所述支撑管为中空管且可通过所述支撑管向所述第三容 纳部分内供给催化还原剂。 从而可进一步去除烟气中的有害气体。
进一步地， 所述中间段进一步包括： 多个下隔风板， 所述下隔风板自所述中间中心 轴段径向向外延伸至所述换热器主体的所述内侧壁附近。从而可进一步避免烟气和空气 之间互串。
进一步地， 所述下隔风板沿着所述中间段的周向均匀分布， 且位于所述第三容纳部 分被所述下隔风板分隔的区域内分别设置有沿着所述中间段径向延伸的喷管，所述喷管 与所述支撑管相连通。从而可保证催化还原剂可均匀的喷洒在第三容纳部分内以与烟气 进行充分的混合， 保证了可充分的去除烟气中的有害气体。
在本发明的一些实施例中， 催化净化和换热系统进一步包括： 多个上隔风板， 所述 上隔风板形成在与所述上盖相对的所述上中心轴段的上端且径向向外延伸至所述换热 器主体的所述内侧壁。 从而可进一步避免烟气和空气之间的互串。
进一步地， 所述上隔风板沿着周向均匀分布。
在本发明的一些具体实施例中， 所述上盖与所述上换热段相对的表面上形成有两个 扇形的凹部， 且所述凹部之间的扇形区域与所述第一分隔板的位置相对应， 与所述第三 容纳部分位于相同侧的所述凹部上形成有所述烟气进口，与所述第四容纳部分位于相同 侧的所述凹部上形成有所述空气出口。从而便于上盖的加工成型， 且保证了将烟气通路 和空气通路分隔开， 避免了空气和烟气之间的互串。
进一步地， 所述下座通过一对第二分隔板而分隔成与所述烟气出口相连通的部分和 与所述空气入口相连通的部分，其中所述第二分隔板沿着垂直于所述中心轴线的平面的 投影的形状和位置与所述第一分隔板相对应。从而使得下座的结构简单， 便于下座的加 工成型， 同时保证了将烟气通路和空气通路分隔开， 避免了空气和烟气之间的互串。
在本发明的一些实施例中， 催化净化和换热系统进一步包括： 支撑座， 所述支撑座 设置在所述下座和所述腔室的所述底部之间，且所述下座和所述支撑座之间设置有至少 一个调节装置， 以调节所述下座沿着所述竖直方向的高度。 从而通过设有该调节装置， 可调节下座的上下高度， 以保证换热器主体与上盖之间的间隙。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出， 部分将从下面的描述中变得 明显， 或通过本发明的实践了解到。 附图说明
本发明的上述和 /或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明 显和容易理解， 其中： 图 1为根据本发明实施例的催化净化和换热系统的主剖面图；
图 2为图 1中 A-A方向的剖面图；
图 3为图 1中 B方向的俯视图；
图 4为图 1中 C部分的放大示意图；
图 5为图 1中 D部分的放大示意图；
图 6为根据本发明实施例的催化净化和换热系统中的上盖的仰视图;
图 7为根据本发明实施例的催化净化和换热系统中的下座的俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例， 所述实施例的示例在附图中示出， 其中自始至终相 同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附 图描述的实施例是示例性的， 仅用于解释本发明， 而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中， 需要理解的是， 术语"中心"、 "上"、 "下"、 "前"、 "后"、 "左" 、 "右" 、 "竖直" 、 "水平" 、 "顶" 、 "底" "内" 、 "外"等指示的方位 或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系， 仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述， 而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、 以特定的方位构造和操作， 因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
需要说明的是， 术语 "第一" 、 "第二 "仅用于描述目的， 而不能理解为指示或暗 示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。 由此， 限定有 "第一"、 "第二" 的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。进一步地，在本发明的描述中， 除非另有说明， "多个" 的含义是两个或两个以上。
下面参考图 1-图 7描述根据本发明实施例的一种催化净化和换热系统 100， 该催化 净化和换热系统 100 可对通入其的烟气进行催化净化以对烟气脱硝或去除烟气中的其 他有害气体， 还可对通入其的空气进行加热。 需要说明的是， 在下述的催化净化和换热 系统 100中， 只描述了该催化净化和换热系统 100形成一对容纳部分（即第一容纳部分 和第二容纳部分） 的情况， 但是需要说明的是， 本发明不限于此， 普通技术人员显然知 道的是， 在阅读了本发明此处公开的教导， 可以将该实施例应用于换热器主体 2被分隔 成多对容纳部分的情况， 且每个容纳部分中均容纳有热载体的情况， 这也落入本发明的 保护范围之内。 下面将对该催化净化和换热系统 100进行详细说明。
根据本发明实施例的催化净化和换热系统 100， 如图 1所示， 包括： 壳体 1、 换热 器主体 2、 分隔件、 热载体 4、 烟气通路 5和空气通路 6， 其中， 壳体 1限定有腔室 10。 换热器主体 2设置在腔室 10内且绕换热器主体 2的中心轴线可旋转。 分隔件沿着中心 轴线的方向设置在换热器主体 2内，且将换热器主体 2分隔成相对的第一容纳部分和第 二容纳部分。热载体 4含有催化剂且分别容纳在第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分中。烟气 通路 5设置成与第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分中的一个相连通，以将从烟气通路 5的入 口端通入的烟气与容纳在第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分中的一个的热载体进行换热。空 气通路 6设置成与第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分中的另外一个相连通，以使空气与其中 容纳的热载体进行换热。 在本发明的示例中， 换热器主体 2形成为圆柱体， 换热器主体 2的内壁上设有耐温隔热内衬。
其中， 热载体 4可为具有小球状、 片状或者多孔状的结构， 由此通过增大接触面积 来加强烟气和空气与热载体 4之间的换热效率。
在下面的描述中， 以该换热器主体 2逆时针旋转， 烟气通路 5设在换热器主体 2的 左侧， 空气通路 6设在换热器主体 2的右侧， 即烟气从中心轴线的左侧进入到换热器主 体 2内， 空气从中心轴线的右侧进入到换热器主体 2内。
在本发明的示例中， 在初始状态， 换热器主体 2处于未旋转状态， 第一容纳部分位 于换热器主体 2的左侧， 第二容纳部分位于换热器主体 2的右侧， 从烟气通路 5的入口 端通入的烟气进入到第一容纳部分内以与设在第一容纳部分内的热载体 4进行换热，此 时烟气的高温活化了第一容纳部分内的热载体 4中的催化剂，满足了第一容纳部分内的 催化剂的催化条件， 以对烟气中的有害气体进行净化， 达到了催化净化的目的， 同时烟 气对第一容纳部分内的热载体 4进行加热。
第一容纳部分内的热载体 4吸收热量后， 换热器主体 2逆时针转动， 此时第一容纳 部分旋转到换热器主体 2的右侧， 第二容纳部分旋转到换热器主体 2的左侧， 旋转到右 侧的第一容纳部分内的吸收热量的热载体 4与通入其的空气进行换热，从而第一容纳部 分内的热载体 4中的催化剂由于温度的降低处于失活状态， 同时空气的温度升高。旋转 到左侧的第二容纳部分的热载体 4与通入其的烟气进行换热，此时烟气的高温活化了第 二容纳部分内的热载体 4中的催化剂， 满足了第二容纳部分内的催化剂的催化条件， 以 对烟气中的有害气体进行净化或对烟气进行脱硝， 到达了催化净化的目的， 同时烟气对 第二容纳部分内的热载体 4进行加热。
第二容纳部分内的热载体 4吸收热量后， 换热器主体 2继续逆时针转动， 此时第一 容纳部分旋转回换热器主体 2的左侧， 第二容纳部分旋转回换热器主体 2的右侧， 旋转 回左侧的第一容纳部分内的热载体 4与通入其的烟气进行换热，烟气的高温再次活化了 第一容纳部分内的热载体 4中的催化剂， 满足了第一容纳部分内的催化剂的催化条件， 以对烟气中的有害气体进行净化或对烟气进行脱硝， 达到了催化净化的目的， 同时烟气 对第一容纳部分内的热载体 4进行加热。旋转回右侧的第二容纳部分内的吸收热量的热 载体 4与通入其的空气进行换热，从而第二容纳部分内的热载体 4中的催化剂由于温度 的降低处于失活状态， 同时空气的温度升高， 如此重复。
值得理解的是， 当换热器主体 2为顺时针旋转， 或在初始状态， 第一容纳部分位于 中心轴线的右侧， 第二容纳部分位于中心轴线的左侧时， 催化净化和换热系统 100的换 热过程和换热原理、与当换热器主体 2为逆时针旋转且在初始状态第一容纳部分位于中 心轴线的左侧， 第二容纳部分位于中心轴线的右侧时的换热过程和换热原理相同， 这里 不再进行详细描述。 根据本发明实施例的催化净化和换热系统 100， 通过将换热器主体 2分隔成第一容 纳部分和第二容纳部分，第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分内分别设有含有催化剂的热载体 4， 从而在换热器主体 2旋转的过程中， 第一容纳部分或第二容纳部分中的催化剂可在 烟气高温的作用下被活化， 以对烟气中的有害气体进行净化或对烟气进行脱硝， 同时第 一容纳部分中吸收热量的热载体 4或第二容纳部分中吸收热量的热载体 4与空气进行换 热， 以加热空气， 进而催化净化和换热系统 100可对烟气进行连续的催化净化以去除有 害气体， 同时通过这种交替换热的方式可最大程度的吸收烟气的显热和潜热， 以用于加 热空气， 提高了加热效率且减少了热损失， 降低了成本， 同时采用这种热载体 4先吸收 烟气的热量，然后再通过吸收热量的热载体 4加热空气的方式，可避免烟气和空气接触， 进而该催化净化和换热系统 100可在连续催化有害气体的过程中实现了废热的再利用， 实现了节能环保。
其中， 热载体 4由非金属材料所形成。 从而， 通过采用非金属材料的热载体 4， 热 载体 4的蓄热量大，可以在较低的转速和较大的换热器主体 2的体积下实现大规模的气 体加热， 可有效的降低气体加热的成本， 增加气体加热的应用范围， 同时通过采用非金 属材料的热载体 4， 热载体 4的比重小、 重量轻， 可降低催化净化和换热系统 100的能 耗， 又由于通过采用非金属材料的热载体 4， 热载体 4耐腐蚀， 不仅烟气 （例如含硫的 烟气）可为对金属有腐蚀性的气体， 且可以使烟气的温度尽可能降低， 而不用担心烟气 中对金属有腐蚀性的物质析出， 从而最大限定吸收烟气的显热和潜热， 以加热气体， 同 时在烟气与热载体进行换热时， 由于热载体的蓄热量大， 可最大限度的吸收烟气的显热 和潜热，从而可使得热载体内的催化剂所处的高温环境的温度尽可能的高且持续时间较 长， 充分保证了催化剂的催化条件， 保证了催化剂的催化性能。
例如， 对于含硫的烟气， 在现有的旋转式气体换热器中， 烟气在通过该气体换热器 之后的出口温度是不能降低到 13CTC以下， 因为这会导致硫的沉积和硫酸析出， 从而导 致对该气体换热器内由金属制造的部件的严重腐蚀。 但是， 在本发明的一个实施例中， 由于热载体由例如 SiC、陶瓷等的非金属固体材料所形成，从而不用顾虑硫等的腐蚀性， 而把出口温度降低到硫的凝结点之下的温度， 从而最大程度地进行换热， 根据本发明的 一个实施例， 烟气离开催化净化和换热系统 100的出口温度小于 130°C， 进一步地， 烟 气离开催化净化和换热系统 100的出口温度小于 70°C。 该温度在传统的气体换热器中 是几乎不可能实现的。 此外， 在将出口温度降低到凝结点的温度之下， S从气体变成固 体水蒸气冷凝析出为液体水， 释放了大量的潜热 （水从 100 °C变为 10CTC的水蒸气吸收 的热量相当于水从 0°C升高至 10CTC时所吸收热量的 3倍） 。 根据发明人使用该领域内 的公认计算方法的计算， 在例如燃烧煤锅炉的尾气换热过程中， 出口温度每降低 10度， 整个锅炉的效率可以提高 0.5%， 而所释放的潜热相当于提高了整个锅炉效率的 1.5%， 从而节省了锅炉中的大量煤炭燃烧， 同时扩大了煤炭的适用范围， 即降低了所使用的煤 的品位， 进一步地降低了生产成本。
在本发明的一些实施例中， 如图 1所示， 催化净化和换热系统 100进一步包括： 上 盖 7和下座 8， 上盖 7用于密封腔室 10的顶部开口端， 上盖 7上限定有烟气进口 70和 空气出口 71。 换热器主体 2可旋转地设置在下座 8上， 下座 8设置在腔室 10的底部且 形成有为烟气通路 5的一部分的烟气出口 80和为空气通路 6的一部分的空气入口 81。 从而使得壳体 1的结构简单。
进一步地， 换热器主体 2通过设置在其下边缘的第一迷宫密封装置 9与下座 8边缘 密封配合。 换热器主体 2通过设置在其上边缘的第二迷宫密封装置 11与上盖 Ί的边缘 密封配合。从而可提高换热器主体 2与上盖 7和下座 8之间的密封性， 避免了烟气和空 气的泄露。
在本发明的一些示例中， 如图 1所示， 第一迷宫密封装置 9为环形件， 第二迷宫密 封装置 11为环形件。 进一步地， 如图 5所示， 第一迷宫密封装置 9包括第一密封件 90 和第二密封件 91， 第一密封件 90设在换热器主体 2的下边缘， 第二密封件 91设在下 座 8上， 第一密封件 90的下表面上形成有多个环形的第一凸起 901， 第二密封件 91的 上表面上形成有多个环形的第一凹槽 911，该多个第一凹槽 911分别与多个第一凸起 901 一一配合， 在换热器主体 2转动时， 每个第一凸起 901在相应的第一凹槽 911内转动， 不仅可保证换热器主体 2自由旋转还可保证换热器主体 2与下座 8之间的密封性，避免 烟气和空气泄漏， 同时使得第一迷宫密封装置 9结构简单。
如图 4所示， 进一步地， 第二迷宫密封装置 11包括第三密封件 110和第四密封件 111， 第三密封件 110设在上盖 7上， 第四密封件 111设在换热器主体 2的上边缘上， 第三密封件 110的下表面上形成有多个环形的第二凹槽 1101， 第四密封件 111 的上表 面上形成有多个环形的第二凸起 1111， 多个第二凹槽 1101 分别与多个第二凸起 1111 一一配合，在换热器主体 2转动时，每个第二凸起 1111在相应的第二凹槽 1101内转动， 不仅可保证换热器主体 2自由旋转还可保证换热器主体 2与上盖 7之间的密封性，避免 烟气和空气泄漏， 同时使得第二迷宫密封装置 11结构简单。
如图 1所示， 在本发明的一些实施例中， 下座 8的中央形成有第一轴向中心孔 83， 换热器主体 2通过设置在底面上的主轴 12与设置在第一轴向中心孔 83 内的回转轴承 13匹配， 以绕主轴 12的中心线可旋转。 换言之， 回转轴承 13设在下座 8的第一轴向 中心孔 83内， 换热器主体 2的底面上设有主轴 12， 主轴 12与回转轴承 13配合以使得 换热器主体 2可旋转。从而不仅使得换热器主体 2与下座 8之间的配合简单稳定， 且可 减小换热器主体 2旋转时的摩擦力， 延长催化净化和换热系统 100的使用寿命。
在本发明的进一步实施例中， 如图 2所示， 催化净化和换热系统 100进一步包括： 驱动齿轮 14和多个滚柱 15， 驱动齿轮 14可被驱动旋转且连接至腔室 10的内侧壁上。 滚柱 15形成在换热器主体 2的外圆周上， 且适于与驱动齿轮 14的齿啮合。 其中， 该驱 动齿轮 14可被电机等驱动装置驱动旋转， 当驱动齿轮 14旋转时， 驱动齿轮 14与分布 在换热器主体 2的外圆周上的滚柱 15配合， 从而驱动换热器主体 2旋转。 从而通过驱 动齿轮 14与滚柱 15的配合以驱动换热器主体 2转动， 使得换热器主体 2运行稳定， 同 时可通过控制驱动齿轮 14的转速， 改变换热器主体 2的转速， 可扩大催化净化和换热 系统 100的使用范围。
如图 1所示， 根据本发明的一些实施例， 换热器主体 2沿着竖直方向被分隔成上换 热段 23、 下换热段 24以及中间段 25， 其中上换热段 23包括： 上中心轴段 230和上支 撑盘 231， 上中心轴段 230与中心轴线共轴。 上支撑盘 231套设在上中心轴段 230的下 端， 且其位于第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分中的部分上支撑有上热载体 40。 可选地， 上中心轴段 230形成为中空且下端封闭的圆柱形。 下换热段 24包括： 下中心轴段 240 和下支撑盘 241， 下中心轴段 240套设在主轴 12上且与中心轴线共轴。 下支撑盘 241 套设在下中心轴段 240的下端，且其位于第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分中的部分上支撑 有下热载体 41。
中间段 25包括： 中间中心轴段 250和一对第一分隔板 251， 中间中心轴段 250通过 穿设主轴 12和下中心轴段 240的支撑管 26而固定支撑， 且与中心轴线共轴。第一分隔 板 251竖直地设置在上支撑盘 231和下支撑盘 241之间，且沿着中间中心轴段 250成径 向相对设置，以通过一对第一分隔板 251以及换热器主体 2的内侧壁分隔成彼此隔开的 第三容纳部分 252和第四容纳部分 253， 第三容纳部分 252与烟气通路 5相连通， 且第 四容纳部分 253与空气通路 6相连通。 从而可进一步避免烟气和空气之间互串。
当烟气从上盖 7上的烟气进口 70进入到第一容纳部分或第二容纳部分内时， 烟气 首先与上换热段 23中的上热载体 40进行换热， 烟气经过整个上换热段 23后降低了一 定温度， 即进行了第一次降温， 然后烟气经过中间段 25中的第三容纳部分 252后进入 到下换热段 24内， 烟气与下换热段 24中的下热载体 41进行换热， 烟气经过整个下换 热段 24后又降低了一定温度， 即进行了第二次降温， 最后经过两次降温的烟气从下座 8上的烟气出口 80排出。 其中， 在烟气进行换热的过程中， 上热载体 40和下热载体 41 中的催化剂被活化以对烟气中的有害气体进行净化。
空气从下座 8上的空气入口 81进入到第一容纳部分或第二容纳部分内时， 空气先 进入到下换热段 24内， 下换热段 24内的吸收热量的下热载体 41与空气进行换热， 即 对空气进行第一次加热， 然后空气经过中间段 25中的第四容纳部分 253后进入到上换 热段 23内，进入到上换热段 23内的空气与上换热段 23内吸收热量的上热载体 40进行 换热， 即对空气进行第二加热， 经过两次加热的空气从上盖 7上的空气出口 71排出。
进一步地，第一分隔板 251构造成沿着垂直于中心轴线的平面内的投影为扇形截面。 根据本发明的进一步实施例， 如图 1所示， 支撑管 26为中空管且可通过支撑管 26 向第三容纳部分 252内供给催化还原剂。 其中， 值得理解的是， 在换热器主体 2旋转的 过程中， 支撑管 26不做旋转， 以使得催化还原剂只供给第三容纳部分 252内。 此时， 烟气在经过上换热段 23进行第一次降温后进入到中间段 25内， 在中间段 25中的催化 还原剂的作用下进行催化还原反应， 从而可进一步去除烟气中的有害气体。在发明的一 些实施例中， 中间中心轴段 250和下中心轴段 240中分别填充有隔热保温棉， 以避免喷 管 19和支撑管 26由于受烟气高温的影响而过热而影响催化还原剂的反应效果。
如图 3所示， 在本发明的进一步实施例中， 中间段 25进一步包括： 多个下隔风板 254， 下隔风板 254自中间中心轴段 250径向向外延伸至换热器主体 2的内侧壁附近。 从而可进一步避免烟气和空气之间互串。
具体地， 如图 3所示， 下隔风板 254沿着中间段 25的周向均匀分布， 且位于第三 容纳部分 252被下隔风板 254分隔的区域内分别设置有沿着中间段 25径向延伸的喷管 19， 喷管 19与支撑管 26相连通。 换言之， 第三容纳部分 252被多个下隔风板 254分隔 成多个区域， 每个区域内分别设有一个喷管 19， 每个喷管 19与支撑管 26相连通， 进 入到支撑管 26内的催化还原剂从每个喷管 19喷入到与每个喷管 19相对应的区域内， 以使得该区域内的烟气可发生催化还原反应以去除有害气体，从而可保证催化还原剂可 均匀的喷洒在第三容纳部分 252内以与烟气进行充分的混合，保证了可充分的去除烟气 中的有害气体。 进一步地， 每个喷管 19的周壁上可设有多个小孔， 从而可进一步保证 将催化还原剂均匀喷出。 具体地， 多个喷管 19可上下交错的焊接在支撑管 26上。
根据本发明的一些实施例， 如图 2所示， 进一步包括： 催化净化和换热系统 100还 包括多个上隔风板 232， 上隔风板 232形成在与上盖 7相对的上中心轴段 230的上端且 径向向外延伸至换热器主体 2 的内侧壁。 换言之， 每个上隔风板 232设在上中心轴段 230的上端， 每个上隔风板 232从每个上中心轴段 230的周壁沿径向向外延伸至换热器 主体 2的内侧壁上。 从而通过设有多个上隔风板 232， 可进一步避免烟气和空气之间的 互串。 优选地， 上隔风板 232沿着周向均匀分布。 从而便于换热器主体 2的加工成型。 具体地， 上隔风板 232可使用耐高温的碳化硅或陶瓷材料制成。
如图 6所示， 在本发明的一些实施例中， 上盖 7与上换热段 23相对的表面上形成 有两个扇形的凹部 73，且两个凹部 73之间的扇形区域与第一分隔板 251的位置相对应， 与第三容纳部分 252位于相同侧的凹部 73上形成有烟气进口 70， 与第四容纳部分 253 位于相同侧的凹部 73上形成有空气出口 71。 从而便于上盖 7的加工成型， 且保证了将 烟气通路 5和空气通路 6分隔开， 避免了空气和烟气之间的互串。
进一步地， 如图 7所示， 下座 8通过一对第二分隔板 16而分隔成与烟气出口 80相 连通的部分和与空气入口 81相连通的部分，其中第二分隔板 16沿着垂直于中心轴线的 平面的投影的形状和位置与所述第一分隔板 251相对应。 从而使得下座 8的结构简单， 便于下座 8的加工成型， 同时保证了将烟气通路 5和空气通路 6分隔开， 避免了空气和 烟气之间的互串。
如图 1所示， 根据本发明的一些实施例， 催化净化和换热系统 100进一步包括： 支 撑座 17， 支撑座 17设置在下座 8和腔室 10的底部之间， 且下座 8和支撑座 17之间设 置有至少一个调节装置 18， 以调节下座 8沿着竖直方向的高度。 从而通过设有该调节 装置 18， 可调节下座 8的上下高度， 以保证换热器主体 2与上盖 7之间的间隙。
在本发明的一些实施例中， 在上盖 7和换热器主体 2的密封处还设有风冷装置， 以 使得该催化净化和换热系统 100适用于温度较高的场合。
在本说明书的描述中， 参考术语 "一个实施例" 、 "一些实施例" 、 "示意性实施 例" 、 "示例" 、 "具体示例" 、 或 "一些示例"等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描 述的具体特征、 结构、 材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。 在本说 明书中， 对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。 而且， 描述的具 体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结 合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例， 本领域的普通技术人员可以理解： 在不脱 离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、 修改、 替换和变型， 本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 包括：
壳体， 所述壳体限定有腔室；
换热器主体， 所述换热器主体设置在所述腔室内且绕所述换热器主体的中心轴线可 旋转；
分隔件， 所述分隔件沿着所述中心轴线的方向设置在所述换热器主体内， 且将所述 换热器主体分隔成相对的第一容纳部分和第二容纳部分；
热载体， 所述热载体含有催化剂且分别容纳在所述第一容纳部分和所述第二容纳部 分中， 所述热载体由非金属材料所形成；
烟气通路， 所述烟气通路设置成与所述第一容纳部分和所述第二容纳部分中的一个 相连通，以将从所述烟气通路的入口端通入的烟气与容纳在所述第一容纳部分和所述第 二容纳部分中的一个的热载体进行换热；
空气通路， 所述空气通路设置成与所述第一容纳部分和所述第二容纳部分中的另外 一个相连通， 以使空气与其中容纳的所述热载体进行换热。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 进一步包括： 上盖， 所述上盖用于密封所述腔室的顶部开口端， 所述上盖上限定有烟气进口和空 气出口； 以及
下座， 所述换热器主体可旋转地设置在所述下座上， 所述下座设置在所述腔室的底 部且形成有为所述烟气通路的一部分的烟气出口和为所述空气通路的一部分的空气入 Π。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 所述换热器主体通 过设置在其下边缘的第一迷宫密封装置与所述下座边缘密封配合； 以及
所述换热器主体通过设置在其上边缘的第二迷宫密封装置与所述上盖的边缘密封 配合。
4、 根据权利要求 3 所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 所述下座的中央形 成有第一轴向中心孔，所述换热器主体通过设置在底面上的主轴与设置在所述第一轴向 中心孔内的回转轴承匹配， 以绕所述主轴的中心线可旋转。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 进一步包括： 驱动齿轮， 所述驱动齿轮可被驱动旋转且连接至所述腔室的内侧壁上； 以及 多个滚柱， 所述滚柱形成在所述换热器主体的外圆周上， 且适于与所述驱动齿轮的 齿啮合。
6、 根据权利要求 2所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 所述换热器主体沿 着竖直方向被分隔成上换热段、 下换热段以及中间段， 其中
所述上换热段包括： 上中心轴段， 所述上中心轴段与所述中心轴线共轴；
上支撑盘， 所述上支撑盘套设在所述上中心轴段的下端， 且其位于所述第一容 纳部分和所述第二容纳部分中的部分上支撑有上热载体；
所述下换热段包括：
下中心轴段， 所述下中心轴段套设在所述主轴上且与所述中心轴线共轴； 下支撑盘， 所述下支撑盘套设在所述下中心轴段的下端， 且其位于所述第一容 纳部分和所述第二容纳部分中的部分上支撑有下热载体；
所述中间段包括：
中间中心轴段，所述中间中心轴段通过穿设所述主轴和所述下中心轴段的支撑 管而固定支撑， 且与所述中心轴线共轴； 以及
一对第一分隔板，所述第一分隔板竖直地设置在所述上支撑盘和所述下支撑盘 之间， 且沿着所述中间中心轴段成径向相对设置， 以通过所述一对第一分隔板以及所述 换热器主体的内侧壁分隔成彼此隔开的第三容纳部分和第四容纳部分，所述第三容纳部 分与所述烟气通路相连通， 且所述第四容纳部分与所述空气通路相连通。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 所述第一分隔板构 造成沿着垂直于所述中心轴线的平面内的投影为扇形截面。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 所述支撑管为中空 管且可通过所述支撑管向所述第三容纳部分内供给催化还原剂。
9、 根据权利要求 8 所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 所述中间段进一步 包括：
多个下隔风板， 所述下隔风板自所述中间中心轴段径向向外延伸至所述换热器主体 的所述内侧壁附近。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 所述下隔风板沿着 所述中间段的周向均匀分布，且位于所述第三容纳部分被所述下隔风板分隔的区域内分 别设置有沿着所述中间段径向延伸的喷管， 所述喷管与所述支撑管相连通。
11、 根据权利要求 7所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 进一步包括： 多个上隔风板， 所述上隔风板形成在与所述上盖相对的所述上中心轴段的上端且径 向向外延伸至所述换热器主体的所述内侧壁。
12、 根据权利要求 11 所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 所述上隔风板沿 着周向均匀分布。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 所述上盖与所述 上换热段相对的表面上形成有两个扇形的凹部，且所述凹部之间的扇形区域与所述第一 分隔板的位置相对应，与所述第三容纳部分位于相同侧的所述凹部上形成有所述烟气进 口， 与所述第四容纳部分位于相同侧的所述凹部上形成有所述空气出口。
14、 根据权利要求 15所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 所述下座通过一 对第二分隔板而分隔成与所述烟气出口相连通的部分和与所述空气入口相连通的部分， 所述第二分隔板沿着垂直于所述中心轴线的平面的投影的形状和位置与所述第一 分隔板相对应。
15、 根据权利要求 1所述的催化净化和换热系统， 其特征在于， 进一步包括： 支撑座， 所述支撑座设置在所述下座和所述腔室的所述底部之间， 且所述下座和所 述支撑座之间设置有至少一个调节装置， 以调节所述下座沿着所述竖直方向的高度。
PCT/CN2013/075572 2013-01-18 2013-05-14 催化净化和换热系统 WO2014110879A1 (zh)

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